Letšoao la STMicroelectronics

STM32 Motor Control SDK 6 Mohato Firmware Sensor Less Parameter

STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter-product
Litlhaloso
  • Lebitso la Sehlahisoa: taolo ea motlakase ea STM32 SDK - 6-step firmware sensor-less parameter optimization
  • Nomoro ea mohlala: UM3259
  • Phetolelo: Rev 1 - November 2023
  • Moetsi: STMicroelectronics
  • Websebaka: www.st.com

Fetileview

Sehlahisoa se etselitsoe lits'ebetso tsa taolo ea makoloi moo boemo ba rotor bo hlokang ho khethoa ntle le ho sebelisa li-sensor. Firmware e ntlafatsa liparamente bakeng sa ts'ebetso e se nang sensor, e nolofalletsang ho hokahanya ha mehato le boemo ba rotor.
Ho fumanoa ha BEMF Zero-Crossing:
The back electromotive force (BEMF) waveform waveform e fetoha le boemo ba rotor le lebelo. Ho na le mekhoa e 'meli e fumanehang bakeng sa ho tseba hore na motho ha a na ho tšela lefela:
Morao EMF sensing nakong PWM OFF-time: Fumana floating phase voltage ka ADC ha ho se na phallo ea hona joale, e khethollang ho tšela zero ho ipapisitse le moeli.
Maikutlo a morao a EMF nakong ea PWM ON-time: Center=tap voltage fihla halofo ea bese voltage, ho khetholla ho tšela lefela ho ipapisitse le moeli (VS / 2).
SDK ea taolo ea enjene ea STM32 - Ntlafatso ea sensor ea mehato e 6 e se nang parametha

Selelekela

Tokomane ena e hlalosa mokhoa oa ho ntlafatsa liparamente tsa tlhophiso bakeng sa algorithm ea 6-step, sensor-less. Sepheo ke ho fumana mokhoa oa ho qala o boreleli le o potlakileng, empa hape le boitšoaro bo tsitsitseng bo koetsoeng. Ho feta moo, tokomane e boetse e hlalosa mokhoa oa ho fihlella phetoho e nepahetseng lipakeng tsa morao-rao tsa EMF zero-crossing nako nakong ea PWM OFF-time le PWM ON-time ha o bilika koloi ka lebelo le phahameng ka vol.tagmokhoa oa ho khanna mokhoa. Bakeng sa lintlha tse ling mabapi le algorithm ea 6-step firmware le voltage/ mokhoa oa ho khanna oa hajoale, bua ka bukana ea mosebelisi e amanang le eona e kenyellelitsoeng sephutheloana sa litokomane tsa X-CUBE-MCSDK.

Acronyms le khutsufatso

Kgutsufatso Tlhaloso
MCSDK Setsi sa nts'etsopele ea software ea taolo ea makoloi (X-CUBE-MSDK)
HW Lisebelisoa
IDE Tikoloho ea ntlafatso e kopaneng
MCU Setsi sa Microcontroller
GPIO Kenyelletso/sephetho sa sepheo se akaretsang
ADC Analog-to-digital converter
VM Moqtage mokhoa
SL Sensor-tlase
BEMF Matla a morao a motlakase
FW Firmware
ZC Ho tšela lefela
GUI Sehokelo sa mosebelisi se hlakileng
MC Taolo ea makoloi
OCP Tšireletso e fetelletseng
PID Proportional-integral-derivative (taolo)
SDK Setsi sa nts'etsopele ea software
UI Sehokelo sa mosebelisi
MC workbench Sesebelisoa sa mochini oa taolo ea likoloi, karolo ea MCSDK
Mokhanni oa likoloi Sesebelisoa sa ho khanna likoloi, karolo ea MCSDK

Fetileview

Ka mokhoa oa ho khanna oa 6-step sensor-less, firmware e sebelisa matla a morao a electromotive (BEMF) a utloahalang karolong e phaphametseng. Boemo ba rotor bo fumanoa ka ho lemoha ho tšela zero ea BEMF. Hangata sena se etsoa ho sebelisoa ADC, joalokaha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong sa 1. Haholo-holo, ha matla a khoheli a rotor a tšela karolo e phahameng ea Z, e tsamaisanang le BEMF vol.tage fetola lets'oao la eona (ho tšela lefela). Setšoantšo sa BEMFtage ka lekanyetsoa ho kenyelletso ea ADC, ka lebaka la marang-rang a hanyetsang a arolang voltage tsoa mothating oa motlakase.
Leha ho le joalo, kaha letšoao la BEMF le lekana le lebelo, boemo ba rotor bo ke ke ba khethoa ha bo qala, kapa ka lebelo le tlaase haholo. Ka hona, enjene e tlameha ho potlakisoa sebakeng se bulehileng ho fihlela molumo o lekaneng oa BEMFtage fihlile. Hore BEMF voltage lumella ho lumellana ha mohato oa ho fetoha le boemo ba rotor.
Lirapeng tse latelang, ts'ebetso ea ho qala le ts'ebetso e koetsoeng, hammoho le li-parameter tsa ho li tsamaisa, li hlalositsoe.
STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (2)
BEMF ho fumana zero-crossing
Sebopeho sa maqhubu sa EMF se ka morao sa brushless motor se fetoha hammoho le boemo ba rotor le lebelo 'me se sebopeho sa trapezoidal. Setšoantšo sa 2 se bonts'a sebopeho sa maqhubu a EMF ea hona joale le ea morao bakeng sa nako e le 'ngoe ea motlakase, moo mohala o tiileng o bolelang hona joale (li-ripples li hlokomolohuoa molemong oa ho nolofatsa), mohala oa dashed o emela matla a morao a motlakase,' me khokahanyo e otlolohileng e emela motlakase. chebo ea ho potoloha ha makoloi.
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Bohareng ba lintlha tse ling le tse ling tse peli tsa ho fetola mekhahlelo e lumellana le ntlha e le 'ngoe eo mokokotlo oa motlakase oa motlakase oa motlakase o fetotsoeng: ntlha ea ho tšela zero. Hang ha ntlha ea ho tšela zero e tsejoa, nako ea ho fetola mohato e behoa ka mor'a ho lieha ha motlakase ho 30 °. Ho lemoha ho tšela lefela ha BEMF, theipi ea bohareng voltage tlameha ho tsejoa. Thepa e bohareng e lekana le moo likarolo tse tharo tsa motlakase li hokahaneng hammoho. Mechini e meng e etsa hore pompo e bohareng e fumanehe. Maemong a mang, e ka tsosolosoa ka voltage mekhahlelo. Algorithm ea mehato e 6 e hlalositsoeng mona e nka nakotage ea boteng ba marang-rang a kutlo a BEMF a hokahantsoeng le mekhahlelo ea makoloi a lumellang ho bala phallo e bohareng ea pompo.tage.
  • Maano a mabeli a fapaneng a teng bakeng sa ho tsebahatsa sebaka sa ho tšela lefela
  • Khutlela EMF sensing nakong ea PWM OFF-time
  • Ho utloahala ha EMF ka morao nakong ea PWM ON-time (hajoale e tšehetsoa ka voltage mode feela)
Nakong ea PWM OFF-time, mokhahlelo o phaphametseng voltage fumanoa ke ADC. Kaha ha ho na motlakase o phallang karolong e phaphametseng, 'me tse ling tse peli li hokahane fatše, ha BEMF e tšela zero karolong e phaphametseng, e na le polarity e lekanang le e fapaneng ka mekhahlelo e meng: theipi ea setsi sa vol.tagka hona e ke zero. Ka hona, ntlha ea ho tšela zero e tsejoa ha phetoho ea ADC e phahama ka holimo, kapa e oela ka tlaase ho moeli o hlalositsoeng.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, nakong ea PWM ON-time, karolo e le 'ngoe e hokahane le lebelo la besetage, le e 'ngoe fatše (Setšoantšo sa 3). Boemong bona, pompo ea bohareng voltage fihla halofo ea bese voltage bohlokoa ha BEMF e le mothating oa ho phaphamala e le zero. Joalo ka pele, ntlha ea ho tšela zero e tsejoa ha phetoho ea ADC e phahama ka holimo (kapa e oela ka tlase) moeli o hlalositsoeng. Ea morao-rao e lumellana le VS / 2.
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Moralo oa marang-rang oa BEMF
Setšoantšong sa 4 marang-rang a sebelisoang hangata ho utloa BEMF e bontšitsoe. Sepheo sa eona ke ho arola karolo ea motlakase voltage ho fumanwa ka nepo ke ADC. Litekanyetso tsa R2 le R1 li tlameha ho khethoa ho ea ka palo ea besetage level. Mosebelisi o tlameha ho tseba hore ho kenya ts'ebetsong tekanyo ea R1 / (R2 + R1) e tlase haholo ho feta kamoo ho hlokahalang, lets'oao la BEMF le ka fella le le tlase haholo mme taolo e se matla ka ho lekana.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, karo-karolelano e phahameng ho feta e hlokahalang e ka lebisa ho ho bulela / ho tima khafetsa ha li-diode tsa ts'ireletso tsa D1 tseo nako ea tsona ea ho hlaphoheloa e ka kenyang lerata. Theko e khothaletsoang ke:
STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (5)
Litefiso tse tlase haholo bakeng sa R1 le R2 li tlameha ho qojoa ho lekanyetsa hona joale ho tsoa mothating oa enjene.
Ka linako tse ling R1 e hokahane le GPIO sebakeng sa GND. E lumella marang-rang hore a khone ho sebetsa kapa a koaloe.
Ho firmware ea mehato e 6, GPIO e lula e le boemong ba ho tsosolosa 'me marang-rang a lumelloa. Leha ho le joalo, ho ba teng ha D3 qetellong ho tlameha ho nahanoa ha ho behoa menyako ea BEMF bakeng sa ho utloa nakong ea PWM ON-time: hangata e eketsa 0.5÷0.7 V ho moeli o loketseng.
STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (6)
C1 ke ea sepheo sa ho sefa 'me ha ea lokela ho fokotsa lebelo la maqhubu a maqhubu a PWM.
D4 le R3 ke tsa ho ntsha ka potlako node ya BEMF_SENSING_ADC nakong ya maeto a PWM, haholoholo ka lebelo le phahameng.tagliboto tsa e.
Li-diode tsa D1 le D2 ke tsa boikhethelo 'me li tlameha ho eketsoa feela haeba ho ka ba le kotsi ea ho tlola litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa kanale ea ADC e utloang BEMF.
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Ntlafatso ea li-parameter tsa algorithm ea taolo
Mokhoa oa ho qala
Mokhoa oa ho qala hangata o entsoe ka tatellano ea metsotsoana e merarotages:
  1. Ho tsamaisana. Rotor e tsamaisana le boemo bo reriloeng esale pele.
  2. Ho potlakisa loop e bulehileng. MolumotagLi-pulse li sebelisoa ka tatellano e reriloeng esale pele ho theha matla a khoheli a etsang hore rotor e qale ho potoloha. Sekhahla sa tatellano se ntse se eketseha butle-butle ho lumella rotor ho fihla lebelo le itseng.
  3.  Phetoho. Hang ha rotor e fihlile lebelo le itseng, algorithm e fetohela ho tatellano ea taolo ea mehato e 6 e koetsoeng ho boloka taolo ea lebelo le tataiso ea koloi.
Joalo ka shwn ho Setšoantšo sa 5, mosebelisi a ka etsa litlhophiso tsa ho qala ho MC workbench pele a hlahisa khoutu. Ho na le mekhoa e 'meli e fapaneng ea ho khanna:
  • Moqtage mokhoa. Algorithm e laola lebelo ka ho fetola potoloho ea mosebetsi oa PWM e sebelisoang ho mekhahlelo ea makoloi: sepheo sa Phase Vol.tage e hlalosoa bakeng sa karolo ka 'ngoe ea pro e qalangfile
  • Mokhoa oa hajoale. Algorithm e laola lebelo ka ho fetola lebelo le phallang ka mekhahlelo ea motlakase: sepheo sa Hona joale se hlalosoa bakeng sa karolo ka 'ngoe ea pro e qalang.file
Setšoantšo sa 5. Mekhahlelo ea ho qala mosebetsing oa MC workbench
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Ho tsamaisana
Setšoantšong sa 5, Mokhahlelo oa 1 o lula o lumellana le mohato oa ho tsamaisana. Rotor e tsamaisana le boemo ba mehato e 6 e haufi le "Leqhubu la pele la motlakase".
Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore, ka ho sa feleng, nako ea Mokhahlelo oa 1 ke 200 ms. Nakong ea mohato ona potoloho ea mosebetsi e eketsoa ka mokhoa o tšoanang ho fihlela sepheo sa Phase Voltage (Mokhahlelo oa Hona Joale, haeba ho khethiloe mokhoa oa hona joale oa ho khanna). Leha ho le joalo, ka li-motor tse ngata kapa ha ho na le inertia e phahameng, nako e khothaletsoang, kapa esita le sepheo sa Phase Vol.tage/Hona joale e kanna ea se lekane ho qala ho potoloha hantle.
Setšoantšong sa 6, papiso pakeng tsa boemo bo fosahetseng le bo nepahetseng bo fanoa.
Haeba boleng ba sepheo kapa nako ea Mokhahlelo oa 1 e sa lekana ho qobella rotor sebakeng sa ho qala, mosebelisi a ka bona koloi e sisinyeha ntle le ho qala ho potoloha. Ho sa le joalo, ho monya hona joale hoa eketseha. Nakong ea pele ea ts'ebetso ea ho qala, hona joale ho eketseha, empa torque ha e lekane ho hlōla inertia ea motlakase. Ka holimo ho Setšoantšo sa 6 (A), mosebedisi a ka bona ho eketseha ha hona joale. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho na bopaki ba BEMF: koloi e ntan'o emisoa. Hang ha mohato oa ho potlakisa o qalisoa, boemo bo sa tsitsang ba rotor bo thibela algorithm ho qeta mokhoa oa ho qala le ho tsamaisa motlakase.
Ho eketsa molumotage/hajoale mohato nakong ea mohato oa 1 o ka lokisa bothata.
STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (9)
Ka voltage mode, sepheo sa voltage nakong ea ho qala e ka etsoa ka mokhoa o ikhethileng le Motor Pilot ntle le tlhokahalo ea ho tsosolosa khoutu. Sebakeng sa Motor Pilot, karolong ea rev-up, pro acceleration profile ea Setšoantšo sa 1 se tlalehiloe (sheba setšoantšo sa 7). Hlokomela hore mona voltagE phase e ka bonts'oa joalo ka pulse e behiloeng ka har'a rejistara ea nako (yuniti ea S16A), kapa e tsamaellana le phallo ea molumo.tage (yuniti ea Vrms).
Hang ha mosebelisi a fumana litekanyetso tse nepahetseng tse lumellanang hantle le enjene, litekanyetso tsena li ka kengoa tšebetsong morerong oa MC workbench. E lumella ho tsosolosa khoutu ho sebelisa boleng ba kamehla. Foromo e ka tlase e hlalosa kamano lipakeng tsa voltage mokhahlelong oa Vrms le S16A.
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Boemong ba hajoale, ho Motor Pilot GUI, sepheo sa hajoale se bontšoa feela ho S16A. Phetoho ea eona ho ampere e itšetlehile ka boleng ba shunt le ampphaello ea liification e sebelisitsoeng ho li-circuits tsa hajoale tsa limiter.
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Ho potlakisa loop e bulehileng
Setšoantšong sa 5, Mokhahlelo oa 2 o lumellana le mohato oa ho potlakisa. Tatelano ea mehato e 6 e sebelisoa ho potlakisa motlakase sebakeng se bulehileng, ka hona, boemo ba rotor ha bo lumellane le tatellano ea mehato e 6. Mekhahlelo ea hona joale e phahame ho feta optimum mme torque e tlase.
Ka MC workbench (Setšoantšo sa 5) mosebedisi a ka hlalosa karolo e le 'ngoe kapa tse ngata tsa ho potlakisa. Haholo-holo, bakeng sa motlakase o moholo, ho kgothaletswa ho o potlakisa ka r butleamp ho hlola inertia pele a etsa moepa o phahamengamp. Nakong ea karolo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe, potoloho ea mosebetsi e eketsoa ka mokhoa o tšoanang ho fihlela sepheo sa ho qetela sa voltage/hajoale karolo ea karolo eo. Kahoo, e qobella ho fetoha ha mekhahlelo ka lebelo le ts'oanang le bontšitsoeng tafoleng e tšoanang ea tlhophiso.
Setšoantšong sa 8, papiso pakeng tsa ho potlakisa le voltage mokhahlelo (A) o tlase haholo le o nepahetseng (B) o fanoe.
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Haeba sepheo sa voltage/hona joale ea karolo e le 'ngoe kapa nako ea eona ha ea lekana ho lumella motor ho fihlela lebelo le ts'oanang, mosebelisi a ka bona motor e emisa ho bilika ebe e qala ho thothomela. Ka holimo ho Setšoantšo sa 8, hona joale ho eketseha ka tšohanyetso ha motlakase o emisa ha motlakase o potlakisa hantle, hona joale o eketseha ntle le ho khaotsa. Hang ha enjene e emisa, ts'ebetso ea ho qala e hloleha.
Ho eketsa molumotage/current phase e ka lokisa bothata.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba voltagE / ea hona joale mohato o hlalosoang o phahame haholo, kaha motlakase o sebetsa ka mokhoa o sa sebetseng ka mokhoa o bulehileng, hona joale o ka 'na oa phahama' me oa fihla ho overcurrent. Enjene e ema ka tšohanyetso, 'me alamo e fetelletseng e bontšoa ke Motor Pilot. Boitšoaro ba hona joale bo bontšoa setšoantšong sa 9.
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Ho fokotsa boima ba 'meletage/current phase e ka lokisa bothata.
Joalo ka mohato oa tlhophiso, sepheo sa voltage/current e ka ba nako ea ho sebetsa e hlophisitsoeng nakong ea ho qala le Motor Pilot ntle le tlhoko ea ho nchafatsa khoutu. Ebe, e ka kengoa ts'ebetsong morerong oa MC workbench ha ho khethoe maemo a nepahetseng.
Phetoho
Mohato oa ho qetela oa mokhoa oa ho qala ke oa ho fetola. Nakong ea mohato ona, algorithm e sebelisa BEMF e utloahalang ho hokahanya tatellano ea mehato e 6 le boemo ba rotor. Phetoho ea phetoho e qala karolong e bontšitsoeng ho parameter e thathamisitsoeng ho Setšoantšo sa 10. E ka lokisoa karolong ea parameter ea sensor-less startup ea MC workbench.
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Ka mor'a pontšo e nepahetseng ea BEMF ea zero-crossing (ho phethahatsa boemo bona bona Karolo ea 2.1), algorithm e fetohela ts'ebetsong e koetsoeng. Phetoho ea phetoho e ka 'na ea hlōleha ka lebaka la mabaka a latelang:
  • Lebelo la switjha ha lea hlophiswa hantle
  • Melemo ea PI ea loop ea lebelo e phahame haholo
  • Mehato ea ho lemoha ketsahalo ea BEMF ea ho tšela zero ha e so beoe hantle
Lebelo la switjha ha lea hlophiswa hantle
Lebelo leo phetoho e qalang ka lona ke ka ho sa feleng le ts'oanang le lebelo la pele la sepheo le ka hlophisoang karolong ea boemo ba koloi ea MC workbench. Mosebelisi o tlameha ho hlokomela hore, hang ha loop ea lebelo e koetsoe, enjene e potlakisoa hang-hang ho tloha ho lebelo la switjha ho ea ho lebelo le lebisitsoeng. Haeba litekanyetso tsena tse peli li arohane haholo, ho ka ba le ho hlōleha ho feteletseng.
Melemo ea PI ea loop ea lebelo e phahame haholo
Nakong ea phetoho, algorithm e tloha ho qobella tatellano e boletsoeng esale pele ho lekanya lebelo le ho bala litekanyetso tsa tlhahiso ho latela. Kahoo, e lefella lebelo la sebele le bakoang ke ho potlakisa ha loop e bulehileng. Haeba phaello ea PI e phahame haholo, ho se tsitse ha nakoana ho ka ba teng, empa ho ka lebisa ho hloleheng ho feteletseng haeba ho feteletsoe.
Setšoantšo sa 11 se bontša le mohlalaample ea ho hloka botsitso ho joalo nakong ea phetoho ho tloha ho bula-loop ho ea ho ts'ebetso e koetsoeng.
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Mehatla e fosahetseng ea BEMF
  • Haeba lipehelo tse fosahetseng tsa BEMF li behiloe, ho tšela zero ho lemohuoa esale pele kapa ka morao ho nako. Sena se hlahisa litlamorao tse peli tse kholo:
  • Li-waveforms li na le asymmetric mme taolo ha e sebetse hantle e lebisang ho maqhubu a phahameng a torque (Setšoantšo sa 12)
  • Loop ea lebelo e fetoha e sa tsitsang ka ho leka ho lefella maqhubu a torque
  • Mosebelisi o ne a tla ba le taolo e sa tsitsang ea lebelo, 'me maemong a mabe ka ho fetesisa, ho fokotsoa ha mokhanni oa koloi ka taolo e lebisang ketsahalong e fetelletseng.
  • Tlhophiso e nepahetseng ea menyako ea BEMF e bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e ntle ea algorithm. Li-threshold li boetse li ipapisitse le bophahamo ba besetage value le marangrang a kutlo. Ho khothalletsoa ho sheba Karolo ea 2.1 ho hlahloba mokhoa oa ho hokahanya voltage ho fihla ho e 'ngoe ea mabitso e behiloeng bencheng ea mosebetsi ea MC.
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Ts'ebetso e koetsoeng
Haeba enjene e phethela mohato oa ho potlakisa, ho fumanoa ho tšela zero ea BEMF. Rotor e hokahanngoa le tatellano ea mehato e 6 mme ts'ebetso e koetsoeng e fumanoa. Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebetso e eketsehileng ea parameter e ka etsoa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso.
Mohlala, joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe Karolong e fetileng ea 3.1.3 ("Mekhoa e Fosahetseng ea BEMF"), loop ea lebelo, leha e sebetsa, e ka bonahala e sa tsitsa mme menyako ea BEMF e ka hloka ntlafatso.
Ho feta moo, lintlha tse latelang li tlameha ho nahanoa haeba enjene e kopuoa ho sebetsa ka lebelo le phahameng kapa e khannoa ka potoloho e phahameng ea mosebetsi oa PWM:
Khafetsa PWM
  • Speed ​​loop PI e fumana
  • Demagnetization blanking period phase
  • tieho lipakeng tsa ho tšela lefela le ho tsamaea ka mehato
  • Fetoha lipakeng tsa PWM OFF-time le ON-time sensing
Khafetsa PWM
Sensor-less 6-step algorithm e etsa ho fumana BEMF potoloho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea PWM. Ho lemoha hantle ketsahalo ea ho tšela zero, ho hlokahala palo e lekaneng ea ho reka. E le molao oa letsoho, bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng, bonyane ho reka ha 10 ho feta li-angles tsa motlakase tse 60 ho fana ka khokahano ea rotor e ntle le e tsitsitseng.
Ka hona
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Speed ​​loop PI e fumana
Melemo ea PI ea lebelo la loop e ama karabelo ea enjene ho taelo efe kapa efe ea ho potlakisa kapa ho theola lebelo. Tlhaloso ea khopolo-taba ea hore na PID regulator e sebetsa joang e feta boholo ba tokomane ena. Leha ho le joalo, mosebelisi o tlameha ho tseba hore phaello ea taolo ea loop ea lebelo e ka fetoloa ka nako ea ho sebetsa ka Motor Pilot mme e lokisoe kamoo o batlang.
STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (18)
Demagnetization blanking period phase
The demagnetization ea mohato o phaphametseng ke nako ka mor'a phetoho ea matla a mohato ka nako eo, ka lebaka la ho tsoa hona joale (Setšoantšo sa 14), ho bala ha EMF ka morao ha ho tšepahale. Ka hona, algorithm e tlameha ho hlokomoloha letšoao pele e feta. Nako ena e hlalosoa ho MC workbench e le liperesentetage ea mohato (likhato tse 60 tsa motlakase) 'me nako ea ho sebetsa e ka fetoloa ka Motor Pilot joalokaha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong sa 15. Ha lebelo la motlakase le phahame, nako ea demagnetization e potlakile. Demagnetization, ka ho sa feleng, e fihla moeling o tlase o behiloeng ho lipotoloho tse tharo tsa PWM ho 2/3 ea lebelo le phahameng ka ho fetesisa. Haeba karolo ea inductance ea enjene e le tlase 'me e sa hloke nako e ngata ea ho tima, mosebelisi a ka fokotsa nako ea masking kapa lebelo leo bonyane ba nako e behiloeng ka lona. Leha ho le joalo, ha e khothalletsoe ho theola nako ea masking ka tlase ho 2 - 3 PWM cycles hobane taolo e ka baka ho hloka botsitso ka tšohanyetso nakong ea ho fetoha ha mohato.
STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (19)
STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (20)
tieho lipakeng tsa BEMF ho tšela zero le ho tsamaea ka mehato
Hang ha ketsahalo ea BEMF ea zero-crossing e se e fumanoe, algorithm e atisa ho emela likhato tse 30 tsa motlakase ho fihlela mohato oa tatellano ea tatellano (Setšoantšo sa 16). Ka tsela ena, ho tšela zero ho behiloe bohareng ba mohato ho lebisa katleho e kholo.
STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (21)
Kaha ho nepahala ha tlhahlobo ea ho tšela zero ho itšetlehile ka palo ea lintho tse fumanoeng, kahoo ka makhetlo a PWM (sheba Karolo ea 3.2.1), ho nepahala ha ho fumanoa ha eona ho ka ba bohlokoa ka lebelo le phahameng. Ebe e hlahisa asymmetricity e hlakileng ea maqhubu a maqhubu le ho sotha ha hona joale (bona Setšoantšo sa 17). Sena se ka lefshoa ka ho fokotsa tieho lipakeng tsa ho lemoha hore ha motho a sa tšela le ho feta le ho tsamaea ka mehato. Ho lieha ho feta ho feta nako ho ka fetoloa ke mosebelisi ka Motor Pilot joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 18.
STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (22)
STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (23)
Fetoha lipakeng tsa PWM OFF-time le ON-time sensing
Ha o ntse o eketsa lebelo kapa mojaro oa hona joale (ke hore torque e hlahisoang ke motor), potoloho ea mosebetsi oa ho khanna ea PWM e ea eketseha. Kahoo, nako ea sampho fokotsa BEMF nakong ea OFF-time e fokotsehile. Ho fihlella 100% ea potoloho ea mosebetsi, phetoho ea ADC e hlahisoa nakong ea ON-time ea PWM, kahoo e fetoha ho tloha ho BEMF sensing nakong ea PWM OFF-time ho PWM ON-time.
Tlhophiso e fosahetseng ea menyako ea BEMF nakong ea ON-time e lebisa litabeng tse tšoanang tse hlalositsoeng Karolong ea 3.1.3 ("Mekhoa e fosahetseng ea BEMF").
Ka linako tsohle, BEMF ON-sensing thresholds e behiloe halofo ea bophahamo ba besetage (sheba Karolo ea 2.1). Mosebedisi o tlameha ho nahana hore menyako ya nnete e itshetlehile ka palo ya besetage boleng le marangrang a kutlo. Latela matšoao a Karolong ea 2.1 'me u etse bonnete ba hore u tsamaisana le molumotage ho ea ho e 'ngoe ea mabitso e behiloeng bencheng ea mosebetsi ea MC.
Maemo a menyako le potoloho ea mosebetsi oa PWM moo algorithm e fetohang lipakeng tsa OFF le ON-sensing ke nako ea ho sebetsa e ka lokisoang ka Motor Pilot (Setšoantšo sa 19) 'me e fumaneha ho Vol.tage mode ho khanna feela.
STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (24)

Ho batle phoso

Ke lokela ho hlokomela eng ho otlolla enjene ka mokhoa o nepahetseng o nang le algorithm ea sensor-less 6-step?Ho otlolla enjene e nang le sensor-less 6-step algorithm ho bolela ho khona ho bona lets'oao la BEMF hantle, ho potlakisa koloi, le amahanya rotor le algorithm ea taolo. Tekanyo e nepahetseng ea matšoao a BEMF e itšetlehile ka moralo o sebetsang oa marang-rang a utloahalang a BEMF (sheba Karolo ea 2.1). Sepheo sa voltage (voltagho khanna ka mokhoa oa e) kapa hona joale (ho khanna ka mokhoa oa hona joale) nakong ea tatellano ea ho qala ho itšetlehile ka litekanyetso tsa motlakase. Tlhaloso (mme qetellong nako) ea voltage/mohato oa hona joale nakong ea ho tsamaisana, ho potlakisa, le mehato ea ho fetoha ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e atlehileng (sheba Karolo ea 3).
Qetellong, khokahano ea rotor le bokhoni ba ho eketsa lebelo la lebelo ho fihlela lebelo le lekantsoeng ho ipapisitse le ntlafatso ea maqhubu a PWM, menyako ea BEMF, nako ea demagnetization le ho lieha lipakeng tsa ho sibolloa ha zero-crossing le mohato oa ho tsamaea, joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe ho Karolo ea 3.2.
Boleng bo nepahetseng ba BEMF resistor divider ke bo bokae?
Mosebelisi o tlameha ho tseba hore boleng bo fosahetseng ba BEMF resistor divider bo ka tlosa monyetla ofe kapa ofe oa ho khanna koloi hantle. Bakeng sa lintlha tse ling mabapi le mokhoa oa ho rala marang-rang a utloang a BEMF, sheba Karolo ea 2.1.
Nka hlophisa mokhoa oa ho qala joang?
  • Ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho qala, ho khothaletsoa ho eketsa nako ea mohato o mong le o mong oa mohato oa rev-up ho isa ho metsotsoana e mengata. Joale hoa khoneha ho utloisisa hore na motlakase o potlakisa ka nepo, kapa hore na ke lebelo lefe / mohato oa mokhoa o bulehileng oa loop o hlolehang.
  • Ha ho bohlale ho potlakisa enjene e phahameng ea inertia e nang le moepa o mongata haholoamp.
  • Haeba voltagE phase kapa hona joale mohato o tlaase haholo, li-motor stalls. Haeba e phahame haholo, overcurrent e qala. Butle-butle eketsa molumotage phase (voltagho khanna ka mokhoa oa e) kapa hona joale (ho khanna hona joale) nakong ea ho tsamaisana le mehato ea ho potlakisa ho lumella mosebedisi ho utloisisa mefuta e mengata ea ho sebetsa ha motlakase. Ha e le hantle, e thusa ho fumana se molemohali.
  • Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho fetola ts'ebetso e koetsoeng, melemo ea PI e tlameha ho fokotsoa qalong ho kenyelletsa hore tahlehelo ea taolo kapa ho hloka botsitso e bakoa ke lebelo la lebelo. Mothating ona, ho ba le bonnete ba hore marang-rang a kutlo a BEMF a entsoe ka nepo (bona Karolo ea 2.1) mme lets'oao la BEMF le fumanweng hantle ke la bohlokwa. Mosebelisi a ka fumana ho baloa ha BEMF, 'me a e rale ho Motor Pilot (sheba setšoantšo sa 20) ka ho khetha lirejisetara tse teng BEMF_U, BEMF_V le BEMF_U karolong ea morero ea ASYNC ea sesebelisoa. Hang ha enjene e le sebakeng sa Run, phaello ea taolo ea loop e ka ntlafatsoa. Bakeng sa lintlha tse ling kapa ntlafatso ea paramethara, sheba Karolo ea 3 le Karolo ea 3.2.
    STMicroelectronics-STM32-Motor-Control-SDK-6-Step-Firmware-Sensor-Less-Parameter- (1)
 Nka etsa'ng haeba enjene e sa tsamaee qalong?
  • Ha ho qala, molumo o ntseng o eketseha ka mokhoa o tšoanangtage (voltagho khanna ka mokhoa oa e) kapa hona joale (ho khanna hona joale) ho fanoa ka mekhahlelo ea motlakase. Sepheo ke ho e hokahanya sebakeng se tsebahalang le se boletsoeng esale pele. Haeba voltage ha e phahame ka ho lekaneng (haholo-holo ka li-motor tse nang le inertia e phahameng kamehla), mochine ha o tsamaee 'me mokhoa ona o hlōleha. Ho fumana lintlha tse ling mabapi le litharollo tse ka bang teng, sheba Karolo ea 3.1.1.

Nka etsa eng haeba enjene e sa phethe mohato oa ho potlakisa?
Joalo ka karolo ea ho tsamaisana, enjene e potlakisoa ka loop e bulehileng ka ho sebelisa molumo o ntseng o eketseha ka mokhoa o tšoanang.tage (voltagho khanna ka mokhoa oa e-mode) kapa hona joale (ho khanna ka mokhoa oa hajoale) ho mekhahlelo ea motlakase. Litekanyetso tse sa lekanyetsoang ha li nahane ka ho sebelisoa ha mochini, kapa li-motor constants ha li nepahale le/kapa lia tsebahala. Ka hona, ts'ebetso ea ho potlakisa e ka 'na ea hloleha ka sethala sa motor kapa ketsahalo e fetelletseng. Ho fumana lintlha tse ling mabapi le litharollo tse ka bang teng, sheba Karolo ea 3.1.2.

Hobaneng ha enjene e sa fetohele ho lupu e koetsoeng ea lebelo?
Haeba enjene e potlakisa lebelo la sepheo empa e ema ka tšohanyetso, ho ka ba le ho hong ho phoso tlhophisong ea moeli oa BEMF kapa taolo ea PI ea fumana. Sheba Karolo ea 3.1.3 bakeng sa lintlha tse ling.

Ke hobane'ng ha loop ea lebelo e shebahala e sa tsitsa?
Keketseho ea lerata la tekanyo ka lebelo le lebelletsoe ho tloha ha lebelo le phahame, palo ea BEMF e tlase e tlase.ampLes bakeng sa ho lemoha ho tšela lefela, ka lebaka leo, ho nepahala ha palo ea eona. Leha ho le joalo, ho se tsitse ho feteletseng ha loop ea lebelo le eona e ka 'na ea e-ba letšoao la moeli o fosahetseng oa BEMF kapa phaello ea PI e sa hlophisoang hantle, joalokaha e totobalitsoe Karolong ea 3.1.3.

  • Nka eketsa lebelo le fihlellehang joang?

Lebelo le phahameng le fihlellehang hangata le lekanyetsoa ke lintlha tse 'maloa: khafetsa ea PWM, tahlehelo ea khokahano (ka lebaka la nako e telele ea demagnetization kapa tieho e fosahetseng lipakeng tsa tlhahlobo ea ho tšela zero le ho fetoha ha mehato), menyako ea BEMF e sa nepahalang. Bakeng sa lintlha tse ling mabapi le mokhoa oa ho ntlafatsa likarolo tsena, sheba Karolo ea 3.2.1, Karolo ea 3.2.3, Karolo ea 3.2.4 le Karolo ea 3.2.5.

Ke hobane'ng ha ka tšohanyetso enjene e ema ka lebelo le itseng?
E kanna ea ba ka lebaka la tlhophiso e sa nepahalang ea PWM mabapi le maikutlo a BEMF. Sheba Karolo ea 3.2.5 bakeng sa lintlha tse ling.

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Litokomane / Lisebelisoa

STMicroelectronics STM32 Motor Control SDK 6 Mohato Firmware Sensor Less Parameter [pdf] Bukana ea Mosebelisi
STM32 Motor Control SDK 6 Step Firmware Sensor Less Parameter, Motor Control SDK 6 Step Firmware Sensor Less Parameter, Step Firmware Sensor Less Parameter, Firmware Sensor Less Parameter, Sensor Less Parameter, Less Parameter, Parameter.

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