ALTERA DDR2 SDRAM Owongolera

Zambiri Zofunika

Ma Altera® DDR, DDR2, ndi DDR3 SDRAM Controllers okhala ndi ALTMEMPHY IP amapereka njira zosavuta zolumikizirana ndi DDR, DDR2, ndi DDR3 SDRAM. ALTMEMPHY megafunction ndi mawonekedwe pakati pa chowongolera kukumbukira ndi zida zokumbukira, ndipo amachita ntchito zowerengera ndi kulemba kukumbukira. Ma DDR, DDR2, ndi DDR3 SDRAM Controllers okhala ndi ALTMEMPHY IP amagwira ntchito molumikizana ndi Altera ALTMEMPHY megafunction.
The DDR ndi DDR2 SDRAM Controllers okhala ndi ALTMEMPHY IP ndi ALTMEMPHY megafunction amapereka mawonekedwe athunthu kapena theka la DDR ndi DDR2 SDRAM. Wolamulira wa DDR3 SDRAM wokhala ndi ALTMEMPHY IP ndi ALTMEMPHY megafunction yothandizira DDR3 SDRAM amalumikizana ndi theka la mode. Ma DDR, DDR2, ndi DDR3 SDRAM Controllers okhala ndi ALTMEMPHY IP amapereka owongolera apamwamba kwambiri II (HPC II), omwe amapereka magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso apamwamba. Chithunzi 15-1 chikuwonetsa chithunzi chadongosolo ladongosolo kuphatikizapo exampndi top-level file kuti DDR, DDR2, kapena DDR3 SDRAM Controller yokhala ndi ALTMEMPHY IP imakupangirani.

Chithunzi 15-1. Chithunzi cha System-Level

Chidziwitso ku Chithunzi 15-1:
(1) Mukasankha Instantiate DLL Kunja, kuchedwa-locked loop (DLL) kumakhazikitsidwa kunja kwa ALTMEMPHY megafunction.

MegaWizard™ Plug-In Manager imapanga exampndi top-level file, wopangidwa ndi wakaleample driver, ndi DDR, DDR2, kapena DDR3 SDRAM yowongolera magwiridwe antchito apamwamba. Woyang'anira amakhazikitsa chitsanzo cha ALTMEMPHY megafunction yomwe imayambitsa gawo lotsekedwa (PLL) ndi DLL. Mukhozanso kulimbikitsa DLL kunja kwa ALTMEMPHY megafunction kuti mugawane DLL pakati pa zochitika zambiri za ALTMEMPHY megafunction. Simungathe kugawana PLL pakati pa zochitika zingapo za ALTMEMPHY megafunction, koma mutha kugawana zina mwazotulutsa za wotchi ya PLL pakati pazigawo zingapo.

© 2012 Altera Corporation. Maumwini onse ndi otetezedwa. ALTERA, ARRIA, CYCLONE, HARDCOPY, MAX, MEGACORE, NIOS, QUARTUS ndi STRATIX mawu ndi logo ndi zizindikiro za Altera Corporation ndipo zolembetsedwa ku US Patent ndi Trademark Office komanso m'maiko ena. Mawu ena onse ndi ma logo omwe amadziwika ngati zizindikiritso kapena zizindikilo za ntchito ndi katundu wa omwe ali nawo monga momwe tafotokozera. www.altera.com/common/legal.html. Altera imatsimikizira kuti zinthu zake za semiconductor zikuyenda bwino malinga ndi zomwe Altera ali nazo, koma ili ndi ufulu wosintha zinthu ndi ntchito zilizonse nthawi iliyonse popanda kuzindikira. Altera sakhala ndi udindo kapena udindo chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chilichonse, malonda, kapena ntchito zomwe zafotokozedwa pano kupatula monga momwe adavomerezera polemba ndi Altera. Makasitomala a Altera akulangizidwa kuti apeze mtundu waposachedwa wazomwe zafotokozedwazi musanadalire zambiri zomwe zasindikizidwa komanso musanayike maoda azinthu kapena ntchito.

Exampndi top-level file ndi kamangidwe kogwira ntchito mokwanira komwe mungathe kutengera, kuphatikizira, ndikugwiritsa ntchito pa Hardware. Example driver ndi gawo lodziyesera lomwe limapereka malamulo owerengera ndi kulemba kwa wowongolera ndikuyang'ana zomwe zawerengedwa kuti apange chiphaso kapena kulephera, ndikuyesa zizindikiro zonse.
Megafunction ya ALTMEMPHY imapanga datapath pakati pa chipangizo chokumbukira ndi chowongolera kukumbukira. Megafunction imapezeka ngati chinthu choyima chokha kapena ingagwiritsidwe ntchito molumikizana ndi Altera mkulu-performance memory controller.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ALTMEMPHY megafunction ngati chinthu chodziyimira chokha, gwiritsani ntchito ndi olamulira achikhalidwe kapena chipani chachitatu.

Kwa mapangidwe atsopano, Altera imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a kukumbukira akunja a UniPHY, monga olamulira a DDR2 ndi DDR3 SDRAM okhala ndi UniPHY, QDR II ndi QDR II + SRAM olamulira omwe ali ndi UniPHY, kapena RLDRAM II wolamulira ndi UniPHY.

Kutulutsa Zambiri

Gulu 15-1 limapereka zambiri za kutulutsidwa kwa DDR3 SDRAM Controller yokhala ndi ALTMEMPHY IP.

Table 15–1. Kutulutsa Zambiri

Kanthu	Kufotokozera
Baibulo	11.1
Tsiku lotulutsa	Novembala 2011
Ma Code Oyitanitsa	IP-SDRAM/HPDDR (DDR SDRAM HPC) IP-SDRAM/HPDDR2 (DDR2 SDRAM HPC) IP-HPMCII (HPC II)
Ma ID azinthu	00BE (DDR SDRAM) 00BF (DDR2 SDRAM) 00C2 (DDR3 SDRAM) 00CO (ALTMEMPHY Megafunction)
ID ya ogulitsa	6AF7

Altera imatsimikizira kuti mtundu waposachedwa wa pulogalamu ya Quartus® II imapanga mtundu wakale wa ntchito iliyonse ya MegaCore. MegaCore IP Library Release Notes ndi Errata anenapo zina zilizonse pazotsimikizira izi. Altera samatsimikizira kuphatikiza ndi mitundu ya ntchito ya MegaCore yakale kuposa kutulutsidwa kumodzi. Kuti mumve zambiri pazambiri za DDR, DDR2, kapena DDR3 SDRAM yowongolera magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso ALTMEMPHY megafunction mu mtundu wina wa Quartus II, onani za Quartus II Software Release Notes.

Chipangizo Thandizo la Banja

Table 15-2 imatanthawuza milingo yothandizira pazida za Altera IP cores.

Gulu 15-2. Altera IP Core Device Support Levels

FPGA Chipangizo Mabanja	HardCopy Chipangizo Mabanja
Thandizo loyamba- IP core imatsimikiziridwa ndi mitundu yoyambira nthawi ya banja la chipangizochi. IP core imakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse, koma mwina ikuwunikabe nthawi ya banja la chipangizocho. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe mosamala.	HardCopy Companion-Pachiyambi cha IP chimatsimikiziridwa ndi mitundu yoyambira nthawi ya Hard Copy companion chipangizo. IP core imakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse, koma ikhoza kukhala ikuwunika nthawi ya banja la zida za HardCopy. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe mosamala.
Thandizo lomaliza-Mapulogalamu a IP amatsimikiziridwa ndi mitundu yomaliza ya nthawi ya banja la chipangizochi. IP core imakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zogwirira ntchito komanso nthawi ya banja la chipangizocho ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe.	HardCopy Compilation-Choyambira cha IP chimatsimikiziridwa ndi mitundu yomaliza yanthawi ya banja la zida za HardCopy. IP core imakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zogwirira ntchito komanso nthawi ya banja la chipangizocho ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe.

Gulu 15-3 likuwonetsa mulingo wa chithandizo choperekedwa ndi DDR, DDR2, ndi DDR3 SDRAM Controllers okhala ndi ALTMEMPHY IP ya mabanja a zida za Altera.

Gulu 15-3. Chipangizo Thandizo la Banja

Chipangizo Banja	Ndondomeko
	DDR ndi DDR2	DDR3
Arria® GX	Chomaliza	Palibe thandizo
Arria II GX	Chomaliza	Chomaliza
Cyclone III	Chomaliza	Palibe thandizo
Cyclone III LS	Chomaliza	Palibe thandizo
Cyclone IV E	Chomaliza	Palibe thandizo
Cyclone IV GX	Chomaliza	Palibe thandizo
HardCopy II	Onani Zatsopano mu Altera IP tsamba la Altera webmalo.	Palibe thandizo
Stratix II	Chomaliza	Palibe thandizo
Stratix II GX	Chomaliza	Palibe thandizo
Zida zina mabanja	Palibe thandizo	Palibe thandizo

Mawonekedwe

ALTMEMPHY Megafunction

Table 15-4 ikufotokoza mwachidule chithandizo chofunikira cha ALTMEMPHY megafunction.

Gulu 15-4. ALTMEMPHY Megafunction Feature Support

Mbali	DDR ndi DDR2	DDR3
Kuthandizira kwa Altera PHY Interface (AFI) pazida zonse zothandizira.	✓	✓
Kuyesa koyambirira kodzichitira kumachotsa zovuta zowerengera nthawi ya data.	✓	✓
Voltage ndi kutsata kutentha (VT) komwe kumatsimikizira magwiridwe antchito okhazikika a DDR, DDR2, ndi DDR3 SDRAM.	✓	✓
Deta yodziyimira yokha yomwe imalumikizana ndi wowongolera wa Altera kapena wowongolera wa gulu lachitatu osatengera njira zovuta zanthawi.	✓	✓
Mawonekedwe athunthu	✓	—
Theka mlingo mawonekedwe	✓	✓
Chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito parameter editor	✓	✓

Kuphatikiza apo, ALTMEMPHY megafunction imathandizira zigawo za DDR3 SDRAM popanda kusanja:

• Megafunction ya ALTMEMPHY imathandizira zigawo za DDR3 SDRAM popanda kusanjikiza zida za Arria II GX pogwiritsa ntchito T-topology ya wotchi, adilesi, ndi basi yolamula:
  • Imathandizira zosankha zingapo za chip.
• DDR3 SDRAM PHY popanda kusanja fMAX ndi 400 MHz pakusankha chip chimodzi.
• Palibe chithandizo cha ma pini a chigoba cha data (DM) cha × 4 DDR3 SDRAM DIMM kapena zigawo zina, choncho sankhani Ayi pa Drive DM pini kuchokera ku FPGA mukamagwiritsa ntchito × 4 zipangizo.
• Megafunction ya ALTMEMPHY imathandizira mawonekedwe apakati a DDR3 SDRAM okha.

High-Performance Controller II

Table 15-5 ikufotokoza mwachidule chithandizo chofunikira cha DDR, DDR2, ndi DDR3 SDRAM HPC II.

Gulu 15-5. Thandizo la mawonekedwe (Gawo 1 mwa 2)

Mbali	DDR ndi DDR2	DDR3
Theka la mlingo wowongolera	✓	✓
Thandizo la AFI ALTMEMPHY	✓	✓
Kuthandizira kwa mawonekedwe apafupi a Avalon®Memory Mapped (Avalon-MM).	✓	✓

Gulu 15-5. Thandizo la mawonekedwe (Gawo 2 mwa 2)

Mbali	DDR ndi DDR2	DDR3
Kuwongolera kokhazikika kwa banki yoyang'ana patsogolo ndikuwerenga ndi kulemba mwadongosolo	✓	✓
Zowonjezera latency	✓	✓
Thandizo la kutalika kwa Avalon mopanda malire	✓	✓
Adaputala yomangika mkati yosinthira kukumbukira	✓	✓
Ma adilesi osinthika a Local-to-Memory	✓	✓
Kusintha kwanthawi yothamanga kwa kukula ndi zokonda zolembetsa, komanso nthawi yokumbukira	✓	✓
Partial array self-refresh (PASR)	✓	✓
Thandizo pazida zamakono za DDR3 SDRAM	✓	✓
Thandizo losasankha la lamulo lodzitsitsimutsa	✓	✓
Thandizo losasankha lalamulo loyendetsedwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito	✓	✓
Thandizo losasankha la lamulo lotsitsa-pansi lokhala ndi nthawi yotha	✓	✓
Thandizo losasankha la malamulo owerengera owonjezera-owongoka komanso olembetsa okha	✓	✓
Thandizo losasankha pakutsitsimutsa kwa owongolera	✓	✓
Mwasankha kugawana mawotchi ambiri mu SOPC Builder Flow	✓	✓
Integrated error correction coding (ECC) ntchito 72-bit	✓	✓
Integrated ECC ntchito, 16, 24, ndi 40-bit	✓	✓
Kuthandizira kulemba mawu pang'ono ndikukonza zolakwika zokha	✓	✓
SOPC Builder okonzeka
Thandizo pakuwunika kwa OpenCore Plus	✓	✓
Mitundu yoyeserera ya IP yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu VHDL yothandizidwa ndi Altera ndi Verilog HDL simulator	✓	✓

Zolemba pa Gulu 15-5:

1. HPC II imathandizira milingo yowonjezera ya latency yayikulu kapena yofanana ndi tRCD-1, mu clock cycle unit (tCK).
2. Izi sizimathandizidwa ndi DDR3 SDRAM yokhala ndi leveling.

Zosathandiza

Table 15-6 ikufotokoza mwachidule zomwe sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito pa Altera's ALTMEMPHY-based memory interfaces.

Gulu 15-6. Zosathandiza

Memory Protocol	Zosasinthika
DDR ndi DDR2 SDRAM	Kuyerekezera nthawi
	Kutalika kwapakati ndi 2
	Kuphulika pang'ono ndi kuphulika kosasunthika mu ECC ndi mawonekedwe osakhala a ECC pamene ma pini a DM ali olephereka.
DDR3 SDRAM	Kuyerekezera nthawi
	Kuphulika pang'ono ndi kuphulika kosasunthika mu ECC ndi mawonekedwe osakhala a ECC pamene ma pini a DM ali olephereka.
	Stratix III ndi Stratix IV
	DIMM thandizo
	Mawonekedwe athunthu

Kutsimikizira kwa MegaCore

Altera imapanga mayeso ochulukirapo, oyendetsedwa ndi mayeso ogwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya Denali yamakampani kuti awonetsetse kuti DDR, DDR2, ndi DDR3 SDRAM Controllers okhala ndi ALTMEMPHY IP.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida

Gawoli limapereka chidziwitso chogwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso kwa owongolera kukumbukira akunja omwe ali ndi ALTMEMPHY pamabanja a zida zothandizidwa. Zambirizi zimaperekedwa ngati chitsogozo chokha; Kuti mupeze deta yolondola yogwiritsira ntchito zida, muyenera kupanga IP core yanu ndikuwonetsa malipoti opangidwa ndi pulogalamu ya Quartus II.
Table 15-7 ikuwonetsa deta yogwiritsira ntchito zida za ALTMEMPHY megafunction, ndi DDR3 mkulu-performance controller II pazida za Arria II GX.

Gulu 15-7. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida mu Arria II GX Devices (Gawo 1 la 2)

Ndondomeko	Memory M'lifupi (Bits)	Zophatikiza ALUTS	Zomveka Olembetsa	Mem Zithunzi za ALUT	M9K Ma block	M144K Ma block	Chikumbutso y (Zinthu)
Wolamulira
DDR3 (Hafu mlingo)	8	1,883	1,505	10	2	0	4,352
	16	1,893	1,505	10	4	0	8,704
	64	1,946	1,521	18	15	0	34,560
	72	1,950	1,505	10	17	0	39,168

Gulu 15-7. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida mu Arria II GX Devices (Gawo 2 la 2)

Ndondomeko	Memory M'lifupi (Bits)	Zophatikiza ALUTS	Zomveka Olembetsa	Mem Zithunzi za ALUT	M9K Ma block	M144K Ma block	Chikumbutso y (Zinthu)
Controller+PHY
DDR3 (Hafu mlingo)	8	3,389	2,760	12	4	0	4,672
	16	3,457	2,856	12	7	0	9,280
	64	3,793	3,696	20	24	0	36,672
	72	3,878	3,818	12	26	0	41,536

Gulu 15-8 likuwonetsa deta yogwiritsira ntchito zida za DDR2 wowongolera ndi wowongolera wochita bwino kwambiri kuphatikiza PHY, pamasinthidwe apakati komanso athunthu a zida za Arria II GX.

Gulu 15-8. DDR2 Resource Utilization mu Arria II GX Devices

Ndondomeko	Memory M'lifupi (Bits)	Zophatikiza ALUTS	Zomveka Olembetsa	Mem Zithunzi za ALUT	M9K Ma block	M144K Ma block	Memory (Pang'ono)
Wolamulira
DDR2 (Hafu mlingo)	8	1,971	1,547	10	2	0	4,352
	16	1,973	1,547	10	4	0	8,704
	64	2,028	1,563	18	15	0	34,560
	72	2,044	1,547	10	17	0	39,168
DDR2 (Mtengo wathunthu)	8	2,007	1,565	10	2	0	2,176
	16	2,013	1,565	10	2	0	4,352
	64	2,022	1,565	10	8	0	17,408
	72	2,025	1,565	10	9	0	19,584
Controller+PHY
DDR2 (Hafu mlingo)	8	3,481	2,722	12	4	0	4,672
	16	3,545	2,862	12	7	0	9,280
	64	3,891	3,704	20	24	0	36,672
	72	3,984	3,827	12	26	0	41,536
DDR2 (Mtengo wathunthu)	8	3,337	2,568	29	2	0	2,176
	16	3,356	2,558	11	4	0	4,928
	64	3,423	2,836	31	12	0	19,200
	72	3,445	2,827	11	14	0	21,952

Gulu 15-9 likuwonetsa deta yogwiritsira ntchito zida za DDR2 wowongolera ndi wowongolera wochita bwino kwambiri kuphatikiza PHY, pamlingo wa theka komanso masinthidwe athunthu a zida za Cyclone III.

Gulu 15-9. DDR2 Resource Utilization mu Cyclone III Devices

Ndondomeko	Memory M'lifupi (Bits)	Zomveka Olembetsa	Maselo a logic	Zithunzi za M9K	Memory (Pang'ono)
Wolamulira
DDR2 (Hafu mlingo)	8	1,513	3,015	4	4,464
	16	1,513	3,034	6	8,816
	64	1,513	3,082	18	34,928
	72	1,513	3,076	19	39,280
DDR2 (Mtengo wathunthu)	8	1,531	3,059	4	2,288
	16	1,531	3,108	4	4,464
	64	1,531	3,134	10	17,520
	72	1,531	3,119	11	19,696
Controller+PHY
DDR2 (Hafu mlingo)	8	2,737	5,131	6	4,784
	16	2,915	5,351	9	9,392
	64	3,969	6,564	27	37,040
	72	4,143	6,786	28	41,648
DDR2 (Mtengo wathunthu)	8	2,418	4,763	6	2,576
	16	2,499	4,919	6	5,008
	64	2,957	5,505	15	19,600
	72	3,034	5,608	16	22,032

Zofunikira pa System

DDR3 SDRAM Controller yokhala ndi ALTMEMPHY IP ndi gawo la Library ya MegaCore IP, yomwe imagawidwa ndi pulogalamu ya Quartus II ndikutsitsa kuchokera ku Altera. webtsamba, www.altera.com.

Pazofuna zamakina ndi malangizo oyika, onani Altera Software Installation & Licensing.

Kuyika ndi Kupereka Chilolezo

Chithunzi 15-2 chikuwonetsa kapangidwe kake mukakhazikitsa DDR3 SDRAM Controller ndi ALTMEMPHY IP, komwe ndiye chikwatu chokhazikitsa. Chikwatu chosasinthika chokhazikitsa pa Windows ndi c:\altera\ ; pa Linux ndi /opt/altera .

Chithunzi 15-2. Kapangidwe ka Kalozera

Mufunika chilolezo cha ntchito ya MegaCore pokhapokha mutakhutira ndi magwiridwe antchito ake, ndipo mukufuna kutenga kapangidwe kanu kuti mupange.
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito DDR3 SDRAM HPC, mutha kupempha chilolezo file kuchokera ku Altera web site pa www.altera.com/licensing ndi kukhazikitsa pa kompyuta. Mukapempha chilolezo file, Altera maimelo inu license.dat file. Ngati mulibe intaneti, funsani woimira kwanuko.
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito DDR3 SDRAM HPC II, funsani woimira malonda mdera lanu kuti ayitanitsa laisensi.

Kuwunika Kwaulere

Kuwunika kwa Altera's OpenCore Plus kumangogwira ntchito ku DDR3 SDRAM HPC. Ndi mawonekedwe owunikira a OpenCore Plus, mutha kuchita izi:

• Tsanzirani machitidwe a megafunction (Altera MegaCore ntchito kapena AMPPSM megafunction) mkati mwa dongosolo lanu.
• Tsimikizirani magwiridwe antchito a kapangidwe kanu, ndikuwunikanso kukula kwake ndi liwiro lake mwachangu komanso mosavuta.
• Pangani mapulogalamu achipangizo anthawi yochepa files pamapangidwe omwe akuphatikiza ntchito za MegaCore.
• Konzani chipangizo ndikutsimikizira kapangidwe kanu mu hardware.

Muyenera kugula layisensi ya megafunction pokhapokha mutakhutira ndi magwiridwe antchito ake, ndipo mukufuna kutenga kapangidwe kanu kuti mupange.

OpenCore Plus Time-Out Behaviour

Kuwunika kwa zida za OpenCore Plus kumatha kuthandizira njira ziwiri zotsatirazi:

• Zosatsekeredwa - kapangidwe kake kamagwira ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa
• Yolumikizidwa-imafuna kulumikizana pakati pa bolodi lanu ndi kompyuta yanu. Ngati makina olumikizidwa amathandizidwa ndi ma megafunctions onse pamapangidwe, chipangizocho chimatha kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kosatha.

Ma megafunctions onse pachipangizo amatha nthawi imodzi pamene nthawi yowunika yoletsa kwambiri yafika. Ngati pali ma megafunction opitilira m'modzi pamapangidwe, kachitidwe kake kakutha kwa nthawi kwa mega kumatha kubisika ndi kutha kwa nthawi kwa ma megafunctions ena.

Kwa ntchito za MegaCore, nthawi yosatsekeredwa ndi ola limodzi; mtengo wanthawi yotsekedwa ndi wokhazikika.

Mapangidwe anu amasiya kugwira ntchito ikatha nthawi yowunikira ma hardware ndipo zotuluka za m'deralo_ready zimatsika.

Document Revision History

Gulu 15–10 likuwonetsa mbiri yowunikanso chikalatachi.

Gulu 15-10. Document Revision History

Tsiku	Baibulo	Zosintha
Novembala 2012	1.2	Chaputala chasintha kuchoka pa 13 kufika pa 15.
Juni 2012	1.1	Chizindikiro chowonjezera cha Ndemanga.
Novembala 2011	1.0	Chidziwitso Chophatikizidwa Chotulutsidwa, Thandizo la Banja la Chipangizo, Mndandanda wa Zinthu, ndi mndandanda wazinthu Zosagwirizana za DDR, DDR2, ndi DDR3.

Zolemba / Zothandizira

ALTERA DDR2 SDRAM Owongolera [pdf] Malangizo DDR2 SDRAM Controllers, DDR2, SDRAM Controllers, Controllers

Maumboni

• Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito