moglabs PID Fast Servo Controller
Specifications
- Qauv: MOGLabs FSC
- Hom: Servo Controller
- Intended Use: Laser frequency stabilisation and linewidth narrowing
- Primary Application: High-bandwidth low-latency servo control
Cov lus qhia siv khoom
Taw qhia
The MOGLabs FSC is designed to provide high-bandwidth low-latency servo control for laser frequency stabilisation and linewidth narrowing.
Basic Feedback Control Theory
Feedback frequency stabilisation of lasers can be complex. It is recommended to review control theory textbooks and literature on laser frequency stabilisation for a better understanding.
Kev sib txuas thiab kev tswj hwm
Pem hauv ntej vaj huam sib luag tswj
The front panel controls are used for immediate adjustments and monitoring. These controls are essential for real-time adjustments during operation.
Rear Panel Controls and Connections
The rear panel controls and connections provide interfaces for external devices and peripherals. Properly connecting these ensures smooth operation and compatibility with external systems.
Internal DIP Hloov
The internal DIP switches offer additional configuration options. Understanding and correctly setting these switches are crucial for customizing the controller’s behavior.
FAQ
ib lub tuam txhab santec
Fast servo maub los
Version 1.0.9, Rev 2 kho vajtse
Kev Cai Liability
MOG Laboratories Pty Ltd (MOGLabs) tsis xav tias muaj kev lav phib xaub los ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj nyob hauv phau ntawv no. Cov ntaub ntawv no yuav muaj lossis siv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cai lossis patents thiab tsis xa ib daim ntawv tso cai raws li txoj cai patent ntawm MOGLabs, lossis cov cai ntawm lwm tus. MOGLabs yuav tsis raug lav rau ib qho kev tsis xws luag hauv hardware lossis software lossis poob lossis tsis txaus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txhua yam, lossis rau ib qho ncaj qha, tsis ncaj, tsis raug, lossis kev puas tsuaj hauv kev sib txuas nrog lossis tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm lossis siv ib yam ntawm nws cov khoom. . Cov kev txwv yav dhau los ntawm kev lav phib xaub yuav tsum sib npaug rau txhua qhov kev pabcuam muab los ntawm MOGLabs.
Copyright
Copyright © MOG Laboratories Pty Ltd (MOGLabs) 2017 2025. Tsis muaj ib feem ntawm qhov kev tshaj tawm no yuav raug muab luam tawm, khaws cia rau hauv cov txheej txheem retrieval, los yog kis, nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv los yog los ntawm kev siv, electronics, mechanical, photocopying los yog lwm yam, yam tsis tau sau ua ntej. kev tso cai ntawm MOGLabs.
Hu rau
Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov hu rau:
MOG Laboratories P/L 49 University St Carlton VIC 3053 AUSTRALIA +61 3 9939 0677 info@moglabs.com www.moglabs.com
Santec LIS Corporation 5823 Ohkusa-Nenjozaka, Komaki Aichi 485-0802 JAPAN +81 568 79 3535 www.santec.com
Taw qhia
Lub MOGLabs FSC muab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lub high-bandwidth low-latency servo maub los, feem ntau yog npaj rau laser zaus stabilization thiab linewidth nqaim. FSC kuj tseem siv tau rau amplitude tswj, example los tsim "suab nrov-eater" uas stabilizes lub optical zog ntawm lub laser, tab sis nyob rau hauv phau ntawv no peb xav tias ntau ntau daim ntawv thov ntawm zaus stabilization.
1.1 Basic tswv yim tswj txoj kev xav
Cov lus teb zaus stabilization ntawm lasers yuav nyuaj. Peb txhawb cov neeg nyeem rovview tswj kev tshawb xav phau ntawv [1, 2] thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm laser zaus stabilization [3].
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev tawm tswv yim tswj tau qhia schematically hauv daim duab 1.1. Qhov zaus ntawm lub laser yog ntsuas nrog ib tug zaus discriminator uas generates ib tug yuam kev teeb liab uas yog proportional rau qhov sib txawv ntawm lub instantaneous laser zaus thiab qhov xav tau los yog setpoint zaus. Cov kev ntxub ntxaug feem ntau suav nrog cov kab noj hniav hauv qhov muag thiab Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) [4] lossis Ha¨nsch-Couillaud [5] nrhiav pom; offset xauv [6]; los yog ntau yam kev hloov pauv ntawm atomic absorption spectroscopy [7].
0
+
Teeb meem yuam kev
Servo
Tswj teeb liab
Laser
dV/df Frequency discriminator
Daim duab 1.1: Simplified thaiv daim duab ntawm lub tswv yim tswj lub voj.
1
2
Tshooj 1. Kev Taw Qhia
1.1.1 yuam kev signals
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj xyuas yog tias qhov teeb meem yuam kev siv rau kev tswj yuav tsum thim rov qab kos npe raws li lub laser zaus hloov pauv saum toj lossis qis dua qhov teeb tsa, xws li hauv daim duab 1.2. Los ntawm cov teeb liab yuam kev, lub tswv yim servo lossis cov nyiaj them rov qab tsim cov teeb liab tswj rau lub transducer hauv lub laser, xws li tias lub laser zaus tau tsav mus rau qhov xav tau. Critically, lub teeb liab tswj no yuav hloov kos npe raws li qhov yuam kev teeb liab hloov pauv kos npe, kom ntseeg tau tias lub laser zaus ib txwm tau raug thawb mus rau qhov chaw teeb tsa, tsis yog deb ntawm nws.
yuam kev
yuam kev
f
0
Zaus f
f Zaus f
OFFSET yuam kev
Daim duab 1.2: Ib qho theoretical dispersive yuam kev teeb liab, proportional rau qhov sib txawv ntawm ib tug laser zaus thiab ib tug setpoint zaus. Ib qho offset ntawm qhov yuam kev teeb liab hloov lub ntsuas phoo (txoj cai).
Nco ntsoov qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov teeb meem yuam kev thiab lub teeb liab tswj. Lub teeb liab yuam kev yog qhov ntsuas qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseeb thiab qhov xav tau laser zaus, uas nyob rau hauv txoj cai yog instantaneous thiab tsis muaj suab nrov. Lub teeb liab tswj tau tsim los ntawm qhov teeb meem yuam kev los ntawm kev tawm tswv yim servo lossis cov nyiaj them poob haujlwm. Lub teeb liab tswj tau tsav lub actuator xws li piezo-electric transducer, txhaj tshuaj tam sim no ntawm lub laser diode, los yog acousto-optic lossis electro-optic modulator, xws li laser zaus rov qab mus rau qhov chaw teeb tsa. Cov actuators muaj cov lus teb nyuaj, nrog rau cov theem qis kawg, kev nce ntau zaus, thiab resonances. Tus neeg them nyiaj yuav tsum ua kom zoo tshaj qhov kev tswj xyuas kom txo tau qhov yuam kev kom tsawg kawg nkaus.
1.1 Basic tswv yim tswj txoj kev xav
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1.1.2 Zaus teb ntawm lub tswv yim servo
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tawm tswv yim servos feem ntau tau piav qhia nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm Fourier zaus teb; uas yog, qhov nce ntawm kev tawm tswv yim raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm zaus ntawm kev cuam tshuam. Rau example, ib qho kev cuam tshuam feem ntau yog mains zaus, = 50 Hz lossis 60 Hz. Qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawd yuav hloov lub laser zaus los ntawm qee tus nqi, ntawm tus nqi ntawm 50 lossis 60 Hz. Cov nyhuv ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub laser tej zaum yuav me me (piv txwv li = 0 ± 1 kHz qhov twg 0 yog qhov tsis muaj teeb meem laser zaus) lossis loj (= 0 ± 1 MHz). Txawm hais tias qhov loj ntawm qhov kev cuam tshuam no, Fourier zaus ntawm kev cuam tshuam yog nyob ntawm 50 lossis 60 Hz. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawd, lub tswv yim servo yuav tsum muaj qhov nce siab ntawm 50 thiab 60 Hz kom tuaj yeem them rov qab.
Qhov nce ntawm servo maub los feem ntau muaj qhov txwv tsawg, feem ntau txhais los ntawm qhov nce-bandwidth txwv ntawm opamps siv nyob rau hauv servo maub los. Qhov nce kuj tseem yuav poob qis dua kev sib koom ua ke nce (0 dB) ntawm cov zaus ntau dua kom tsis txhob ua kom cov oscillations nyob rau hauv kev tswj cov zis, xws li cov kev paub zoo ntawm cov suab nrov (feem ntau hu ua "suab tawm tswv yim"). Cov oscillations no tshwm sim rau cov zaus saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus propagation qeeb ntawm kev sib xyaw laser, zaus kev ntxub ntxaug, servo thiab actuator system. Feem ntau qhov kev txwv no yog dominated los ntawm lub sij hawm teb ntawm tus actuator. Rau cov piezos siv nyob rau hauv sab nraud kab noj hniav diode lasers, qhov kev txwv yog feem ntau ob peb kHz, thiab rau tam sim no modulation teb ntawm lub laser diode, qhov txwv yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 100 mus rau 300kHz.
Daim duab 1.3 yog ib lub tswv yim ntawm kev nce ntxiv rau Fourier zaus rau FSC. Txhawm rau txo qhov yuam kev laser zaus, thaj tsam hauv qab qhov nce yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav. PID (proportional integral thiab differential) servo controllers yog ib qho kev sib tw, qhov twg lub teeb liab tswj yog qhov sib npaug ntawm peb yam khoom tau los ntawm ib qho teeb meem yuam kev. Qhov kev tawm tswv yim sib npaug (P) sim ua kom them nyiaj sai rau kev cuam tshuam, qhov kev tawm tswv yim sib koom ua ke (I) muab kev nce siab rau kev tawm tsam thiab qeeb qeeb, thiab cov lus tawm tswv yim sib txawv (D) ntxiv qhov nce ntxiv rau kev hloov tam sim ntawd.
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Tshooj 1. Kev Taw Qhia
Nce (dB)
Siab zaus. cutoff Ob chav integrator
60
NYIAJ NYIAJ NYIAJ
FAST DIFF DIFF GAIN (limit)
40
20
Kev sib tos
0
QHOV LF GAIN (limit)
Kev sib tos
Sib npaug
Txawv txawv
Lim
YOG INT
20101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
Fourier zaus [Hz]
Daim duab 1.3: Lub tswv yim Bode zaj duab xis qhia txog kev ua ntawm cov tswj ceev (liab) thiab qeeb (xiav) tswj. Tus maub los qeeb yog ib qho los yog ob chav integrator nrog adjustable kaum zaus. Tus maub los ceev yog PID nrog adjustable kaum zaus thiab nce kev txwv ntawm qhov tsawg thiab siab zaus. Optionally tus sib txawv tuaj yeem ua tsis taus thiab hloov nrog lub lim dej qis.
Kev sib txuas thiab kev tswj hwm
2.1 Pem hauv ntej vaj huam sib luag tswj
Lub vaj huam sib luag pem hauv ntej ntawm FSC muaj ntau qhov kev xaiv xaiv uas tso cai rau tus cwj pwm servo tuaj yeem kho thiab kho kom zoo.
Thov nco ntsoov tias cov keyboards thiab cov kev xaiv yuav txawv ntawm kev kho kho vajtse, thov sab laj phau ntawv qhia rau koj lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb raws li qhia los ntawm tus lej xov tooj.
Ceev Servo Controller
AC DC
NYIAJ
PD 0
REF
CH B
+
CEEB TOOM
+
QHOV TSEEB
INT
75 100 250 ib
50k100k200 ib
10m5m 2.5
50
500
20k ib
500k OFF
1M
25
750 10 Nws
1m200k ua
750k ib
OFF
1k OFF
2m100k ua
500k ib
EXT
50k ib
250k ib
25k ib
100k ib
SPAN
RATE
YOG INT
FAST INT
FAST DIFF/FILTER
12
6
18
0
24
Kev tsis ncaj ncees
FREQ OFFSET
QHOV TSEEB
NYIAJ NYIAJ
DIFF TAU
30 20 10 ib
0
40
50
NESTED
60
SCAN
MAX LOCK
IB QHO
TAU TXAIS
SCAN SCAN + P
LOCK
NYIAJ
ERR OFFSET
STATUS
HLUB ERR
RAMP
FAST ERR
Kev tsis ncaj ncees
CH B
NYIAJ
CHA
IB QHO
MON1
HLUB ERR
RAMP
FAST ERR
Kev tsis ncaj ncees
CH B
NYIAJ
CHA
IB QHO
MON2
2.1.1 Configuration INPUT Selects error signal coupling mode; see figure 3.2. AC Fast error signal is AC-coupled, slow error is DC coupled. DC Both fast and slow error signals are DC-coupled. Signals are DC-coupled, and the front-panel ERROR OFFSET is applied for control of the lock point. CHB Selects input for channel B: photodetector, ground, or a variable 0 to 2.5 V reference set with the adjacent trimpot.
FAST SIGN Kos npe ntawm cov lus teb ceev ceev. SLOW SIGN Kos npe ntawm cov lus teb qeeb.
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6
Kev sib txuas thiab kev tswj hwm
2.1.2 r ibamp tswj
Internal ramp Lub tshuab hluav taws xob muab kev ua haujlwm cheb rau kev soj ntsuam lub laser zaus feem ntau ntawm lub piezo actuator, diode txhaj tam sim no, lossis ob qho tib si. Ib tug trigger tso zis synchronized rau ramp yog muab rau ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag nram qab (TRIG, 1M).
INT/EXT Internal lossis sab nraud ramp rau zaus scanning.
RATE Trimpot los kho tus nqi cheb sab hauv.
BIAS Thaum DIP3 tau qhib, qhov tso zis qeeb, ntsuas los ntawm qhov trimpot no, ntxiv rau cov zis nrawm. Qhov kev tsis ncaj ncees no feem ntau xav tau thaum kho lub piezo actuator ntawm ECDL los tiv thaiv hom-hopping. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev ua haujlwm no twb tau muab los ntawm qee lub laser controllers (xws li MOGLabs DLC) thiab yuav tsum tsuas yog siv thaum tsis muab rau lwm qhov.
SPAN Kho qhov ramp qhov siab, thiab yog li qhov twg ntawm qhov cheb zaus.
FREQ OFFSET Kho qhov DC offset ntawm qhov tso zis qeeb, muab qhov zoo li qub hloov ntawm lub laser zaus.
2.1.3 Loop variables
Lub voj variables cia qhov nce ntawm proportional, integrator thiab differentiator stages yuav kho. Rau cov integrator thiab differentiator stages, qhov nce yog nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm chav tsev nce zaus, qee zaum hu ua lub kaum zaus.
Slow INT Corner zaus ntawm qeeb servo integrator; tuaj yeem ua tsis taus lossis hloov kho ntawm 25 Hz mus rau 1 kHz.
QHOV GAIN Ib zaug tig qeeb servo nce; -20 dB txog +20 dB.
FAST INT Corner zaus ntawm qhov ceev servo integrator; Tawm los yog kho tau los ntawm 10 kHz mus rau 2 MHz.
2.1 Pem hauv ntej vaj huam sib luag tswj
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FAST GAIN Kaum-tig ceev ceev servo proportional nce; Los ntawm -10 dB txog +50 dB.
FAST DIFF/FILTER Tswj cov lus teb servo siab. Thaum teem rau "OFF", cov lus teb servo tseem sib npaug. Thaum tig clockwise, lub differentiator yog enabled nrog rau cov ces kaum zaus. Nco ntsoov tias kev txo qis ntawm kaum zaus nce qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov sib txawv. Thaum teeb tsa rau tus nqi hauv qab, qhov sib txawv yog neeg xiam oob khab thiab hloov cov lim qis qis siv rau cov zis servo. Qhov no ua rau cov lus teb rau roll-off saum toj no zaus.
DIFF GAIN High-frequency nce txwv ntawm qhov ceev servo; txhua qhov increment hloov qhov siab tshaj plaws nce los ntawm 6 dB. Tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tshwj tsis yog tias qhov sib txawv yog qhib; uas yog, tshwj tsis yog FAST DIFF tau teeb tsa rau tus nqi uas tsis tau hais hauv qab.
2.1.4 Xauv tswj
TAU TXAIS LUS QHOV QHIA nce qis ntawm qhov ceev servo, hauv dB. MAX sawv cev rau qhov nce siab tshaj plaws.
YOOJ YIM OFFSET DC offset siv rau qhov teeb meem yuam kev thaum INPUT hom yog teem rau . Muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kho qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas lossis kev them nyiaj rau kev sib tsoo hauv qhov teeb meem yuam kev. Lub trimpot uas nyob ib sab yog rau kev kho qhov yuam kev offset ntawm qeeb servo txheeb ze rau qhov ceev servo, thiab tej zaum yuav raug kho kom ntseeg tau tias ceev thiab qeeb servos tsav ntawm tib lub sijhawm.
SLOW Koom nrog servo qeeb los ntawm kev hloov SCAN rau LOCK. Thaum teem rau NESTED, tus tswj qeeb voltage yog pub rau hauv lub teeb liab yuam kev ceev kom nce siab heev ntawm qhov tsawg zaus thaum tsis muaj tus actuator txuas nrog cov zis qeeb.
FAST Tswj lub servo ceev. Thaum teem rau SCAN + P, cov lus tawm tswv yim sib faib tau pub rau hauv cov zis nrawm thaum lub laser scanning, tso cai rau cov lus qhia kom ntsuas. Hloov mus rau LOCK nres qhov scan thiab koom nrog PID tswj tag nrho.
8
Tshooj 2. Kev sib txuas thiab kev tswj hwm
STATUS Multi-colour indicator displaying status of the xauv.
Green Fais fab rau, xauv xauv. Orange Lock koom nrog tab sis yuam kev teeb liab tawm ntawm qhov ntau, qhia txog lub xauv
tau ua tsis tiav. Blue Lock koom nrog thiab teeb liab yuam kev yog nyob rau hauv kev txwv.
2.1.5 Kev soj ntsuam cov teeb liab
Ob lub teb encoders xaiv qhov twg ntawm cov cim qhia tau raug xa mus rau lub vaj huam sib luag nram qab MONITOR 1 thiab MONITOR 2 cov khoom tawm. TRIG tso zis yog TTL tshaj tawm (1M) uas hloov los ntawm qis mus rau siab ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov cheb. Cov lus hauv qab no txhais cov cim.
CHA CHB FAST ERR SLOW ERR RAMP BIAS FAST SLOW
Channel A input Channel B input yuam kev teeb liab siv los ntawm lub nrawm servo yuam kev teeb liab siv los ntawm qeeb servo Ramp raws li tau thov rau SLOW OUT Ramp raws li thov rau FAST OUT thaum DIP3 enabled FAST OUT tswj teeb liab SLOW OUT tswj teeb liab
2.2 Sab nraum qab vaj huam sib luag tswj thiab kev sib txuas
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2.2 Sab nraum qab vaj huam sib luag tswj thiab kev sib txuas
MONITOR 2 LOCK IN
MONITOR 1
SWEEP hauv
TAU TXAIS
B IN
Ib IN
Serial:
LAWV
QHOV CHAW UA HAUJ LWM
MOD HAUV
PIB B
POWER A
Tag nrho cov connectors yog SMA, tshwj tsis yog raws li tau sau tseg. Tag nrho cov inputs yog over-voltage tiv thaiv ± 15 V.
IEC fais fab hauv chav tsev yuav tsum tau preset rau qhov tsim nyog voltage rau koj lub tebchaws. Thov saib daim ntawv ntxiv D rau cov lus qhia txog kev hloov lub hwj huam mov voltage yog xav tau.
A IN, B IN yuam kev teeb liab inputs rau channel A thiab B, feem ntau photodetectors. Siab impedance, nominal ntau ± 2 5 V. Channel B yog tsis siv tshwj tsis yog lub CHB hloov ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag pem hauv ntej yog teem rau PD.
POWER A, B low-noise DC fais fab rau photodetectors; ± 12 V, 125 mA, muab los ntawm M8 connector (TE Connectivity ntu naj npawb 2-2172067-2, Digikey A121939-ND, 3-txoj kev txiv neej). Tau tshaj MOGLabs PDA thiab Thorlabs photodetectors. Yuav tsum tau siv nrog tus qauv M8 cables, rau example Digikey 277-4264-ND. Xyuas kom meej tias photodetectors raug kaw thaum txuas nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los tiv thaiv lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
TXOJ KEV HAUJ LWM Voltage-tswj proportional nce ntawm ceev servo, ± 1 V, sib haum mus rau tag nrho cov ntau yam ntawm lub hauv ntej-panel pob qhov rooj. Hloov cov vaj huam sib luag pem hauv ntej FAST GAIN tswj thaum DIP1 qhib.
SWEEP IN Sab Nraud ramp input tso cai rau arbitrary zaus scanning, 0 mus rau 2.5 V. Teeb liab yuav tsum hla 1.25 V, uas txhais tau tias qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub cheb thiab lub approximate xauv point.
10
Tshooj 2. Kev sib txuas thiab kev tswj hwm
3
1 + 12 V
1
3-12 V ib
4 0v
Daim duab 2.1: M8 connector pinout rau POWER A, B.
MOD IN High-bandwidth modulation input, ntxiv ncaj qha rau cov zis ceev, ± 1 V yog DIP4 nyob rau. Nco ntsoov tias yog DIP4 nyob rau, MOD IN yuav tsum txuas nrog cov khoom siv, lossis raug txiav kom raug.
SLOW OUT Slow control signal output, 0 V to 2.5 V. Nquag txuas nrog tus tsav tsheb piezo lossis lwm tus actuator qeeb.
FAST OUT ceev tswj cov teeb liab tso zis, ± 2 5 V. Nquag txuas nrog diode txhaj tam sim no, acousto- lossis electro-optic modulator, lossis lwm yam ceev actuator.
MONITOR 1, 2 Xaiv lub teeb liab tso zis rau kev saib xyuas.
TRIG Tsawg rau siab TTL tso zis ntawm cheb chaw, 1M .
LOCK IN TTL scan / xauv tswj; 3.5 hli stereo connector, sab laug / sab xis (pins 2, 3) rau qeeb / ceev xauv; qis (hauv av) yog nquag (pab kom xauv). Pem hauv ntej-panel scan / xauv hloov yuav tsum nyob ntawm SCAN rau LOCK IN kom muaj txiaj ntsig. Digikey cable CP-2207-ND muab 3.5 hli ntsaws nrog hlau xaus; liab rau qeeb xauv, nyias dub rau ceev xauv, thiab tuab dub rau hauv av.
321
1 Pem Teb 2 Ceev ceev 3 Nqus xauv
Daim duab 2.2: 3.5 hli stereo connector pinout rau TTL scan / xauv tswj.
2.3 Internal DIP keyboards
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2.3 Internal DIP keyboards
Muaj ntau lub DIP keyboards sab hauv uas muab kev xaiv ntxiv, tag nrho cov teeb rau OFF los ntawm lub neej ntawd.
CEEB TOOM Muaj peev xwm raug rau siab voltages nyob rau hauv FSC, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hwj chim mov.
OFF
1 Ceev ceev
Pem hauv ntej vaj huam sib luag pob qhov rooj
2 Kev tawm tswv yim qeeb Ib qho kev sib koom ua ke
3 Sib
Ramp kom qeeb nkaus xwb
4 Sab nrauv MOD Disabled
5 Offsets
Ib txwm
6 Sib
Qhov zoo
7 Fast coupling DC
8 Ceev offset
0
ON Sab nrauv teeb liab Ob chav integrator Ramp kom ceev thiab qeeb Enabled Kho ntawm midpoint Negative AC -1 V
DIP 1 Yog ON, ceev ceev servo nce yog txiav txim los ntawm lub peev xwm siv rau lub rear-vaj huam sib luag GAIN IN connector es tsis txhob ntawm lub pem hauv ntej vaj huam sib luag FAST GAIN pob qhov rooj.
DIP 2 Slow servo yog ib qho (OFF) lossis ob (ON) integrator. Yuav tsum OFF yog siv "nested" qeeb thiab ceev servo ua haujlwm hom.
DIP 3 Yog tias ON, tsim kom muaj qhov tsis ncaj ncees tam sim no hauv kev faib ua feem rau cov zis servo qeeb los tiv thaiv hom-hops. Tsuas yog qhib yog tias tsis tau muab los ntawm lub tshuab laser. Yuav tsum OFF thaum FSC siv ua ke nrog MOGLabs DLC.
DIP 4 Yog ON, tso cai rau kev hloov kho sab nraud los ntawm MOD IN connector ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag nram qab. Lub modulation yog ntxiv ncaj qha rau FAST OUT. Thaum qhib tab sis tsis siv, MOD IN cov tswv yim yuav tsum raug txiav kom tsis txhob muaj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo.
DIP 5 Yog hais tias ON, lov tes taw lub hauv ntej vaj huam sib luag offset knob thiab kho qhov offset mus rau nruab nrab-point. Siv tau rau hauv hom cheb sab nraud, kom tsis txhob raug mob
12
Tshooj 2. Kev sib txuas thiab kev tswj hwm
hloov lub laser zaus los ntawm bumping lub offset knob.
DIP 6 Reverses cov kev taw qhia ntawm cheb.
DIP 7 Fast AC. Yuav tsum nquag ON, yog li ntawd lub teeb liab yuam kev ceev yog AC txuas rau lub tswv yim servos, nrog lub sij hawm tas li ntawm 40 ms (25 Hz).
DIP 8 Yog ON, ib tug -1 V offset yog ntxiv rau cov zis ceev. DIP8 yuav tsum tawm thaum FSC siv nrog MOGLabs lasers.
Feedback control loops
FSC muaj ob txoj kev tawm tswv yim sib txuas uas tuaj yeem tsav ob lub actuators ib txhij: ib qho "slow" actuator, feem ntau yog siv los hloov lub laser zaus los ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub sijhawm qeeb, thiab qhov thib ob "ceev" actuator. FSC muab kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm txhua tus stage ntawm lub voj voog servo, nrog rau cheb (ramp) generator thiab yooj yim teeb liab xyuas.
NYIAJ
NYIAJ
+
AC
ERR OFFSET
DC
Ib IN
A
0v
+
B
B IN
0 v + ib
VREF
0v
CH B
FAST SIGN Fast AC [7] DC thaiv
QHOV TSEEB
MODULATION & SWEEP
RATE
Ramp
INT/EXT
Txoj kab nqes [6] SWEEP IN
SPAN
0v
+
OFFSET
MOD HAUV
0v
Mod [4]
0v
Tsau offset [5]
0v
LAWV
0v0 wb
+
Kev tsis ncaj ncees
0v0 wb
Bias [3]
LOCK IN (FAST) LOCK IN (SIB) FAST = LOCK SLOW = LOCK
LF swb
FAST OUT +
SERVO ceev
TAU TXAIS RAU HAUV GAIN
External nce [1] P
+
I
+
0v
NESTED
FAST = LOCK LOCK IN (FAST)
D
0v
SWB SERVO
Slow error Tau SLOW GAIN
YOG INT
#1
LF swb
YOG INT
+
#2
0v
Ob chav integrator [2]
QHOV TSEEB
Daim duab 3.1: Schematic ntawm MOGLabs FSC. Cov ntawv ntsuab hais txog kev tswj hwm ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag pem hauv ntej thiab cov khoom nkag ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag tom qab, xim av yog cov hloov DIP sab hauv, thiab ntshav yog cov khoom tawm ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag rov qab.
13
14
Tshooj 3. Cov lus teb tswj cov voj voog
3.1 Input stage
Input stage ntawm FSC (daim duab 3.2) tsim cov teeb liab yuam kev raws li VERR = VA – VB – VOFFSET. VA yog muab los ntawm "A IN" SMA connector, thiab VB tau teeb tsa siv lub CHB selector hloov, uas xaiv ntawm "B IN" SMA connector, VB = 0 lossis VB = VREF raws li teeb tsa los ntawm qhov chaw nyob ib sab.
Tus maub los ua rau servo qhov teeb meem yuam kev ntawm xoom, uas txhais tau lub ntsuas phoo. Qee daim ntawv thov yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev hloov me me rau qib DC los kho qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas no, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog 10-tig pob qhov rooj ERR OFFSET txog li ± 0 1 V ua haujlwm, muab lub INPUT xaiv tau teem rau "offset" hom (). Qhov loj dua offsets tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog REF trimppot.
NYIAJ
NYIAJ
+ AC
ERR OFFSET
DC
Ib IN
A
0v
+
B
B IN
FAST SIGN Fast AC [7] FE FAST ERR
DC thaiv
Ceev yuam kev
0 v + ib
VREF
0v
CH B
QHOV TSEEB
Slow error SE SLOW ERR
Daim duab 3.2: Schematic ntawm FSC input stage qhia kev sib txuas, offset thiab polarity tswj. Hexagons yog saib xyuas cov teeb liab muaj nyob ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag pem hauv ntej saib selector keyboards.
3.2 Slow servo voj
Daim duab 3.3 qhia txog kev tawm tswv yim qeeb ntawm FSC. Ib tug variable nce stage yog tswj nrog lub vaj huam sib luag pem hauv ntej SLOW GAIN pob qhov rooj. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus maub los yog ib leeg-los yog ob-integrator
3.2 Slow servo voj
15
nyob ntawm seb DIP2 tau qhib. Lub sijhawm sib xyaw ua ke qeeb qeeb yog tswj los ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag pem hauv ntej SLOW INT pob qhov rooj, uas tau sau npe nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov ces kaum zaus.
SWB SERVO
Slow error Tau SLOW GAIN
Kev sib koom ua ke
YOG INT
#1
LF swb
YOG INT
+
#2
0v
Ob chav integrator [2]
QHOV TSEEB
LF LAWD
Daim duab 3.3: Schematic ntawm kev tawm tswv yim qeeb I/I2 servo. Hexagons yog saib xyuas cov teeb liab muaj nyob ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag xaiv cov keyboards pem hauv ntej.
Nrog rau ib qho kev sib koom ua ke, qhov nce ntxiv nrog qis Fourier zaus, nrog txoj kab nqes ntawm 20 dB ib xyoo caum. Ntxiv tus thib ob integrator ua rau txoj kab nqes mus rau 40 dB ib xyoo caum, txo qhov ntev-ntev offset ntawm qhov tseeb thiab setpoint zaus. Kev nce qhov nce mus deb dhau los ua rau oscillation li tus maub los "overreacts" rau kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov yuam kev. Vim li no nws yog qee zaum muaj txiaj ntsig los txwv qhov nce ntawm kev tswj lub voj ntawm cov zaus qis, qhov twg cov lus teb loj tuaj yeem ua rau lub laser hom-hop.
Lub servo qeeb muab ntau yam los them nyiaj rau lub sij hawm ntev drifts thiab acoustic perturbations, thiab cov actuator ceev muaj ntau yam me me tab sis siab bandwidth los them rau kev cuam tshuam sai. Siv ob-integrator xyuas kom meej tias lub servo qeeb muaj cov lus teb tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tsawg zaus.
Rau cov ntawv thov uas tsis suav nrog lub tshuab ua kom qeeb qeeb, lub teeb liab tswj qeeb (ib zaug lossis ob zaug ua ke yuam kev) tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau qhov nrawm los ntawm kev teeb tsa SLOW hloov mus rau "NESTED". Hauv hom no nws raug pom zoo kom muab ob npaug rau kev sib koom ua ke hauv cov channel qeeb qeeb nrog DIP2 los tiv thaiv kev sib koom ua ke triple.
16
Tshooj 3. Cov lus teb tswj cov voj voog
3.2.1 Ntsuas qhov qeeb servo teb
Lub voj qeeb servo yog tsim los rau qeeb drift them. Txhawm rau soj ntsuam cov lus teb qeeb qeeb:
1. Teem MONITOR 1 kom qeeb ERR thiab txuas cov zis mus rau oscilloscope.
2. Teem MONITOR 2 kom qeeb thiab txuas cov zis mus rau oscilloscope.
3. Set INPUT to (offset mode) and CHB to 0.
4. Kho qhov ERR OFFSET pob qhov rooj kom txog rau thaum DC qib uas pom ntawm SLOW ERR saib nyob ze rau xoom.
5. Kho qhov FREQ OFFSET pob qhov rooj kom txog rau thaum DC qib uas pom ntawm lub SLOW saib yog ze rau xoom.
6. Teem lub volts ib ntu ntawm oscilloscope rau 10mV ib qho kev faib rau ob txoj kev.
7. Koom lub voj qeeb servo los ntawm kev teeb tsa SLOW hom rau LOCK.
8. Maj mam kho qhov ERR OFFSET pob qhov rooj xws li DC qib uas qhia ntawm SLOW ERR saib txav saum toj thiab qis dua xoom los ntawm 10 mV.
9. Raws li kev sib xyaw ua haujlwm yuam kev hloov pauv kos npe, koj yuav pom qhov hloov pauv qeeb ntawm 250 mV.
Nco ntsoov tias lub sij hawm teb rau qeeb servo kom drift mus rau nws qhov kev txwv nyob ntawm ntau yam xws li qhov nce qeeb, lub sij hawm qeeb integrator tsis tu ncua, ib zaug lossis ob qhov kev sib koom ua ke, thiab qhov loj ntawm qhov teeb meem yuam kev.
3.2 Slow servo voj
17
3.2.2 Slow output voltage viav vias (tsuas yog rau FSC serials A04… thiab hauv qab)
Cov zis ntawm lub voj qeeb servo tswj tau teeb tsa rau ntau yam ntawm 0 txog 2.5 V rau kev sib raug zoo nrog MOGLabs DLC. Lub DLC SWEEP piezo tswj input muaj voltage nce ntawm 48 kom qhov siab tshaj plaws tawm tswv yim ntawm 2.5 V ua rau 120 V ntawm lub piezo. Thaum lub voj qeeb servo koom nrog, qhov tso zis qeeb tsuas yog viav vias los ntawm ± 25 mV txheeb ze rau nws tus nqi ua ntej kev koom tes. Qhov kev txwv no yog txhob txwm, kom tsis txhob laser hom hops. Thaum cov zis qeeb ntawm FSC siv nrog MOGLabs DLC, 50 mV viav vias hauv qhov tso zis ntawm qeeb channel ntawm FSC sib raug rau 2.4 V viav vias hauv piezo vol.tage uas sib haum mus rau qhov kev hloov ntawm laser zaus ntawm ib ncig ntawm 0.5 mus rau 1 GHz, piv rau cov dawb spectral ntau ntawm ib tug raug siv kab noj hniav.
Rau kev siv nrog ntau lub laser controllers, ib qho kev hloov loj dua nyob rau hauv lub xauv qeeb tso zis ntawm FSC tuaj yeem qhib los ntawm kev hloov pauv yooj yim. Qhov nce ntawm cov zis ntawm lub voj rov qab qeeb yog txhais los ntawm R82 / R87, qhov piv ntawm cov resistors R82 (500) thiab R87 (100 k). Txhawm rau ua kom cov zis qeeb, nce R82 / R87, feem ntau yooj yim ua tiav los ntawm kev txo R87 los ntawm piggybacking lwm resistor nyob rau hauv parallel (SMD pob, loj 0402). Rau example, ntxiv 30 k resistor nyob rau hauv parallel nrog cov uas twb muaj lawm 100 k resistor yuav muab ib tug zoo kuj ntawm 23 k muab ib tug nce nyob rau hauv lub qeeb tso zis viav vias ntawm ± 25 mV rau ± 125 mV. Daim duab 3.4 qhia txog kev teeb tsa ntawm FSC PCB ncig opamp U16.
R329
U16
C36
C362 R85 R331 C44 R87
C71
C35
R81 R82
Daim duab 3.4: FSC PCB layout nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov kawg qeeb nce opamp U16, nrog nce qhov chaw resistors R82 thiab R87 (circled); loj 0402.
18
Tshooj 3. Cov lus teb tswj cov voj voog
3.3 Ceev ceev servo voj
Kev tawm tswv yim ceev ceev servo (daim duab 3.5) yog PID-voj uas muab kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm txhua qhov kev faib ua feem (P), ib qho (I) thiab qhov sib txawv (D) cov lus tawm tswv yim, nrog rau tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke. Cov zis ceev ntawm FSC tuaj yeem ua viav vias ntawm -2.5 V rau 2.5 V uas, thaum teeb tsa nrog MOGLabs sab nraud kab noj hniav diode laser, tuaj yeem muab lub viav vias tam sim no ntawm ± 2.5 mA.
SERVO ceev
TAU TXAIS
External nce [1]
NYIAJ NYIAJ
Ceev yuam kev
Kev tswj qeeb
0v
+ TSIS TAU
FAST = LOCK LOCK IN (FAST)
PI
D
0v
+
Kev tswj ceev ceev
Daim duab 3.5: Schematic ntawm ceev ceev servo PID maub los.
Daim duab 3.6 qhia txog lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua ntawm ob qho tib si ceev thiab qeeb servo loops. Ntawm qhov tsawg zaus, tus ceev integrator (I) lub voj dominates. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub voj voog servo ceev tshaj-reacting rau qhov tsis tshua muaj zaus (acoustic) kev cuam tshuam sab nraud, qhov tsawg-zaus nce txwv yog siv los tswj los ntawm GAIN LIMIT pob qhov rooj.
Ntawm nruab nrab-ntau zaus (10 kHz1 MHz) qhov sib piv (P) tawm tswv yim dominates. Kev sib koom ua ke nce kaum zaus uas qhov kev tawm tswv yim sib npaug tshaj qhov kev sib koom ua ke yog tswj los ntawm FAST INT pob qhov rooj. Tag nrho qhov nce ntawm P voj yog teem los ntawm nws FAST GAIN trimpot, los yog ntawm ib qho kev tswj xyuas sab nraud los ntawm lub rear-vaj huam sib luag GAIN IN connector.
3.3 Ceev ceev servo voj
19
60
Nce (dB)
Siab zaus. cutoff Ob chav integrator
NYIAJ NYIAJ NYIAJ
FAST DIFF DIFF GAIN (limit)
40
20
Kev sib tos
0
QHOV LF GAIN (limit)
Kev sib tos
Sib npaug
Txawv txawv
Lim
YOG INT
20101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
Fourier zaus [Hz]
Daim duab 3.6: Lub tswv yim Bode zaj duab xis qhia txog kev ua ntawm cov tswj ceev (liab) thiab qeeb (xiav) tswj. Tus maub los qeeb yog ib qho los yog ob chav integrator nrog adjustable kaum zaus. Tus tswj ceev ceev yog PID compensator nrog adjustable kaum zaus thiab nce kev txwv ntawm qhov tsawg thiab siab zaus. Optionally tus sib txawv tuaj yeem ua tsis taus thiab hloov nrog lub lim dej qis.
Cov zaus siab (1 MHz) feem ntau xav tau lub voj voog sib txawv los ua tus thawj tswj hwm kev txhim kho. Tus sib txawv muab cov nyiaj them rov qab rau lub sijhawm teb kawg ntawm lub kaw lus thiab tau nce uas nce ntawm 20 dB ib xyoo caum. Lub kaum zaus ntawm lub voj sib txawv tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm FAST DIFF / FILTER pob qhov rooj los tswj qhov zaus ntawm qhov kev tawm tswv yim sib txawv dominates. Yog tias qhov FAST DIFF/FILTER raug teeb tsa rau OFF, ces qhov sib txawv ntawm lub voj voog tsis ua haujlwm thiab cov lus tawm tswv yim tseem sib npaug ntawm ntau zaus. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev oscillation thiab txwv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub suab nrov nrov thaum lub voj voog tawm tswv yim sib txawv, muaj qhov hloov kho tau txwv, DIFF GAIN, uas txwv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab.
Ib qho kev sib txawv feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsum tau, thiab tus neeg them nyiaj yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev lim dej qis ntawm cov lus teb ceev ceev kom txo tau lub suab nrov ntxiv. Tig qhov FAST DIFF/FILTER
20
Tshooj 3. Cov lus teb tswj cov voj voog
pob qhov rooj los tiv thaiv clockwise los ntawm OFF txoj hauj lwm los teeb tsa lub yob tawm zaus rau lim hom.
Lub servo ceev muaj peb hom kev ua haujlwm: SCAN, SCAN + P thiab LOCK. Thaum teem rau SCAN, cov lus tawm tswv yim raug kaw thiab tsuas yog qhov kev tsis ncaj ncees yog siv rau cov zis tawm sai. Thaum teem rau SCAN + P, cov lus tawm tswv yim sib npaug yog siv, uas tso cai rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub nrawm servo kos npe thiab nce thaum lub sijhawm laser tseem tab tom luam theej duab, ua kom yooj yim rau kev kaw thiab kho cov txheej txheem (saib §4.2). Hauv LOCK hom, lub scan raug nres thiab tag nrho PID tawm tswv yim koom nrog.
3.3.1 Ntsuas qhov ceev servo teb
Ob ntu hauv qab no piav qhia txog kev ntsuas qhov sib npaug thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov teeb meem yuam kev. Siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj nuj nqi los simulate qhov teeb meem yuam kev, thiab oscilloscope los ntsuas cov lus teb.
1. Txuas MONITOR 1, 2 mus rau ib qho oscilloscope, thiab teeb tsa cov xaiv rau FAST ERR thiab FAST .
2. Set INPUT to (offset mode) and CHB to 0.
3. Txuas lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj nuj nqi rau CHA input.
4. Kho lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj nuj nqi kom tsim tau 100 Hz sine yoj ntawm 20 mV ncov mus rau ncov.
5. Kho qhov ERR OFFSET pob qhov rooj xws li qhov teeb meem sinusoidal yuam kev, raws li pom ntawm FAST ERR saib, yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm xoom.
3.3.2 Kev ntsuas qhov sib npaug ntawm cov lus teb · Txo qhov ncua mus rau xoom los ntawm kev tig lub SPAN pob qhov rooj tag nrho lub moos.
· Teem FAST rau SCAN + P los koom nrog cov lus qhia sib piv.
3.3 Ceev ceev servo voj
21
· Ntawm lub oscilloscope, qhov tso zis ceev ntawm FSC yuav tsum qhia 100 Hz sine yoj.
· Kho qhov FAST GAIN pob qhov rooj kom sib txawv ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov ceev servo kom txog thaum cov zis zoo ib yam amplitude raws li cov tswv yim.
· Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov sib npaug ntawm cov lus teb zaus, kho qhov zaus ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj nuj nqi thiab saib xyuas amplitude ntawm lub FAST tso zis teb. Rau example, nce zaus kom txog rau thaum lub ampLitude yog halved, kom pom qhov -3 dB nce zaus.
3.3.3 Ntsuas qhov sib txawv teb
1. Teem FAST INT rau OFF kom hloov tawm lub voj voog integrator.
2. Teem lub FAST GAIN rau kev sib koom ua ke siv cov kauj ruam uas tau piav qhia hauv nqe lus saum toj no.
3. Teem lub DIFF GAIN rau 0 dB.
4. Teem FAST DIFF/FILTER rau 100 kHz.
5. Sweep qhov zaus ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj nuj nqi los ntawm 100 kHz mus rau 3 MHz thiab saib xyuas cov zis FAST.
6. Thaum koj cheb qhov teeb meem yuam kev zaus, koj yuav tsum pom kev sib sau ua ke ntawm txhua zaus.
7. Teem lub DIFF GAIN rau 24 dB.
8. Tam sim no thaum koj cheb qhov yuam kev teeb liab zaus, koj yuav tsum pom 20 dB ib xyoo caum txoj kab nqes nce tom qab 100 kHz uas yuav pib dov tawm ntawm 1 MHz, qhia qhov opamp kev txwv bandwidth.
Qhov nce ntawm qhov tso zis nrawm tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm kev hloov pauv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov resistor, tab sis lub Circuit Court yog qhov nyuaj dua rau kev tawm tswv yim qeeb (§ 3.2.2). Hu rau MOGLabs yog xav paub ntxiv.
22
Tshooj 3. Cov lus teb tswj cov voj voog
3.4 Modulation thiab scanning
Laser scanning yog tswj los ntawm ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv lossis lub teeb liab cheb sab nraud. Lub cheb sab hauv yog sawtooth nrog lub sijhawm sib txawv raws li tau teev tseg los ntawm kev hloov pauv plaub-txoj haujlwm sab hauv (App. C), thiab ib zaug tig trimpot RATE ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag pem hauv ntej.
Qhov ceev thiab qeeb servo loops tuaj yeem ua ib tus zuj zus los ntawm TTL cov teeb liab mus rau lub vaj huam sib luag nram qab txuas rau pem hauv ntej vaj huam sib luag. Teem ob lub voj rau LOCK nres qhov cheb thiab ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov.
MODULATION & SWEEP
INT/EXT
LAWV
RATE
Ramp
Txoj kab nqes [6] SWEEP IN
SPAN
0v
+
OFFSET
0v
0v
Tsau offset [5]
Kev tswj ceev ceev MOD IN
Mod [4]
0v
0v0 wb
+
Kev tsis ncaj ncees
0v0 wb
Bias [3]
LOCK IN (FAST)
LOCK IN (YOG)
FAST = LOCK SLOW = LOCK
RAMP RA
LF swb
BIAS BS
FAST OUT +
HF ceev
Daim duab 3.7: Sweep, sab nraud modulation, thiab feedforward tam sim no bias.
Cov ramp kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv rau qhov tso zis nrawm los ntawm kev ua kom DIP3 thiab kho qhov BIAS trimpot, tab sis ntau lub laser controllers (xws li MOGLabs DLC) yuav tsim qhov tsim nyog tsis ncaj ncees tam sim no raws li lub teeb liab servo qeeb, qhov twg nws tsis tsim nyog los tsim nws hauv FSC.
4. Daim ntawv thov example: Pound-Drever Hall locking
Ib daim ntawv thov ntawm FSC yog qhov zaus-xauv lub laser rau qhov kho qhov muag kab noj hniav siv cov txheej txheem PDH (daim duab 4.1). Cov kab noj hniav ua raws li qhov sib txawv zaus, thiab FSC khaws lub laser ntawm resonance nrog cov kab noj hniav los ntawm kev tswj cov laser piezo thiab tam sim no los ntawm nws cov SLOW thiab FAST outputs feem, txo cov laser linewidth. Ib daim ntawv thov cais (AN002) muaj uas muab cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws txog kev siv PDH apparatus.
Oscilloscope
LAWV
CH 1
CH 2
Laser
Tam sim no mod Piezo SMA
EOM
PBS
PD
DLC tswj
PZT MOD
AC
Cavity LPF
MONITOR 2 MONITOR 1 LOCK IN
SWEEP IN GAIN IN
B IN
Ib IN
Serial:
LAWV
NYIAJ THEM NYIAJ MOD IN
POWER B POWER A
Daim duab 4.1: Simplified schematic rau PDH-kab noj hniav locking siv FSC. Ib qho electro-optic modulator (EOM) tsim cov sidebands, uas cuam tshuam nrog cov kab noj hniav, tsim cov kev xav uas ntsuas ntawm lub photodetector (PD). Demodulating lub photodetector teeb liab ua rau PDH yuam kev teeb liab.
Ntau yam ntawm lwm txoj kev tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov teeb meem yuam kev, uas yuav tsis tau tham ntawm no. Cov seem ntawm tshooj no piav qhia txog yuav ua li cas kom ua tiav lub xauv thaum muaj teeb meem yuam kev lawm.
23
24
Tshooj 4. Daim ntawv thov example: Pound-Drever Hall locking
4.1 Laser thiab maub los configuration
FSC yog sib xws nrog ntau yam lasers thiab controllers, muab lawv raug teeb tsa rau hom kev ua haujlwm uas xav tau. Thaum tsav tsheb ECDL (xws li MOGLabs CEL lossis LDL lasers), cov kev cai rau lub laser thiab maub los yog raws li nram no:
· High-bandwidth modulation ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub laser headboard los yog intra-cavity theem modulator.
· High-voltage piezo tswj los ntawm lub teeb liab tswj sab nraud.
· Feed-forward ("bias tam sim no") tiam rau lasers uas yuav tsum tau ib tug bias ntawm 1 mA nyob rau hauv lawv scan ntau yam. FSC muaj peev xwm tsim qhov kev tsis ncaj ncees tam sim no sab hauv tab sis qhov ntau yuav raug txwv los ntawm headboard electronics lossis theem modulator saturation, yog li nws yuav tsim nyog siv kev tsis ncaj ncees los ntawm lub laser maub los.
MOGLabs laser controllers thiab headboards tau yooj yim teeb tsa kom ua tiav tus cwj pwm xav tau, raws li tau piav qhia hauv qab no.
4.1.1 Headboard configuration
MOGLabs lasers suav nrog lub taub hau sab hauv uas cuam tshuam cov khoom siv nrog tus maub los. Lub headboard uas suav nrog kev hloov kho tam sim no nrawm ntawm SMA txuas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm nrog FSC. Lub headboard yuav tsum txuas ncaj qha mus rau FSC FAST OUT.
Lub B1240 headboard tau pom zoo rau qhov siab tshaj plaws kev hloov pauv bandwidth, txawm hais tias B1040 thiab B1047 yog qhov hloov tau rau lasers uas tsis sib haum nrog B1240. Lub headboard muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm jumper keyboards uas yuav tsum tau configured rau DC coupled thiab buffered (BUF) input, qhov twg muaj feem xyuam.
4.2 Ua tiav qhov kev xauv thawj zaug
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4.1.2 DLC configuration
Txawm hais tias FSC tuaj yeem teeb tsa rau sab hauv lossis sab nraud cheb, nws yooj yim dua los siv hom cheb sab hauv thiab teeb tsa DLC ua qhev ntaus ntawv raws li hauv qab no:
1. Txuas SLOW OUT rau SWEEP / PZT MOD ntawm DLC.
2. Pab kom DIP9 (suav sab nraud) ntawm DLC. Xyuas kom tseeb tias DIP13 thiab DIP14 tawm.
3. Disable DIP3 (Bias tiam) ntawm FSC. Lub DLC cia li tsim qhov tam sim no pub-rau pem hauv ntej kev tsis ncaj ncees los ntawm cheb cov tswv yim, yog li nws tsis tsim nyog los tsim kev tsis ncaj ncees hauv FSC.
4. Teem SPAN rau ntawm DLC kom siab tshaj plaws (tag nrho clockwise).
5. Teem FREQUENCY ntawm DLC rau xoom siv lub LCD zaub los qhia Frequency.
6. Xyuas kom meej tias SWEEP ntawm FSC yog INT.
7. Teem FREQ OFFSET rau nruab nrab-ntau thiab SPAN kom tag nrho ntawm FSC thiab saib xyuas lub laser scan.
8. Yog hais tias lub scan tsis ncaj ncees lawm, invert DIP4 ntawm FSC lossis DIP11 ntawm DLC.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas SPAN pob qhov rooj ntawm DLC tsis tau hloov kho ib zaug uas tau teev tseg saum toj no, vim nws yuav cuam tshuam rau lub voj kev tawm tswv yim thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv FSC los ntawm kev xauv. FSC tswj yuav tsum tau siv los kho qhov cheb.
4.2 Ua tiav qhov kev xauv thawj zaug
Lub SPAN thiab OFFSET tswj ntawm FSC tuaj yeem siv los kho lub laser los cheb hla qhov xav tau xauv qhov taw tes (xws li kab noj hniav resonance) thiab kom zoom rau hauv me me scan nyob ib ncig ntawm lub resonance. Hauv qab no
26
Tshooj 4. Daim ntawv thov example: Pound-Drever Hall locking
cov kauj ruam yog piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav lub xauv ruaj khov. Cov nqi teev tseg yog qhov qhia tau, thiab yuav tsum tau hloov kho rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Cov lus qhia ntxiv txog kev txhim kho lub xauv yog muab nyob rau hauv §4.3.
4.2.1 Xauv nrog cov lus teb ceev ceev
1. Txuas lub teeb liab yuam kev rau A IN input ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag rov qab.
2. Xyuas kom meej tias qhov teeb meem yuam kev yog ntawm kev txiav txim 10 mVpp.
3. Set INPUT to (offset mode) and CHB to 0.
4. Teem MONITOR 1 rau FAST ERR thiab saib ntawm oscilloscope. Kho qhov ERR OFFSET pob qhov rooj kom txog rau thaum DC qib qhia yog xoom. Yog tias tsis tas yuav siv qhov yuam kev OFFSET pob qhov rooj los kho qhov DC theem ntawm qhov teeb meem yuam kev, lub INPUT hloov tuaj yeem raug teeb tsa rau DC thiab qhov yuam kev OFFSET pob qhov rooj yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo.
5. Txo qhov nrawm nrawm mus rau xoom.
6. Teem FAST rau SCAN + P, teem caij qeeb rau SCAN, thiab nrhiav cov resonance siv cov cheb tswj.
7. Ua kom nrawm nrawm kom txog thaum pom qhov teeb meem yuam kev kom "nthuav tawm" raws li qhia hauv daim duab 4.2. Yog tias qhov no tsis pom, thim rov qab FAST SIGN hloov thiab sim dua.
8. Teem FAST DIFF rau OFF thiab TAU TXAIS RAU 40. Txo FAST INT rau 100 kHz.
9. Teem FAST hom rau LOCK thiab tus maub los yuav xauv rau xoom-hla ntawm lub teeb liab yuam kev. Tej zaum nws yuav tsim nyog los hloov kho me me rau FREQ OFFSET txhawm rau ntsuas lub laser.
10. Txhim kho lub ntsuas phoo los ntawm kev kho qhov FAST GAIN thiab FAST INT thaum saib cov teeb liab yuam kev. Tej zaum nws yuav tsim nyog los rov kaw lub servo tom qab kho lub integrator.
4.2 Ua tiav qhov kev xauv thawj zaug
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Daim duab 4.2: Luam theej duab lub laser nrog P-tsuas tawm tswv yim ntawm cov zis tawm sai sai thaum kuaj xyuas cov zis qeeb ua rau lub teeb liab yuam kev (txiv kab ntxwv) ua rau ncua ntxiv thaum kos npe thiab nce qhov tseeb (txoj cai). Hauv daim ntawv thov PDH, kab noj hniav sib kis (xiav) kuj tseem yuav txuas ntxiv.
11. Qee daim ntawv thov yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev nce FAST DIFF txhawm rau txhim kho cov lus teb, tab sis qhov no feem ntau tsis xav tau kom ua tiav qhov kev ntsuas thawj zaug.
4.2.2 Xauv nrog cov lus teb qeeb
Thaum ntsuas ntsuas tau ua tiav nrog cov lus qhia nrawm nrawm thiab sib koom ua ke, cov lus tawm tswv yim qeeb yuav tsum tau koom nrog rau tus account rau qeeb drifts thiab rhiab heev rau tsawg zaus acoustic perturbations.
1. Teem Slow GAIN mus rau nruab nrab-ntau thiab SLOW INT rau 100 Hz.
2. Teem FAST hom rau SCAN + P txhawm rau qhib lub laser, thiab kho SPAN thiab OFFSET kom koj pom qhov xoom hla.
3. Teem MONITOR 2 kom qeeb ERR thiab saib ntawm oscilloscope. Kho lub trimppot ntawm ib sab ntawm ERR OFFSET kom coj qhov teeb meem qeeb qeeb rau xoom. Kho qhov trimppot no tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau DC theem ntawm lub teeb liab qeeb qeeb, tsis yog lub teeb liab yuam kev ceev.
4. Rov xauv lub laser los ntawm kev teeb tsa hom nrawm rau LOCK thiab ua qhov tsim nyog me me hloov kho rau FREQ OFFSET txhawm rau xauv lub laser.
28
Tshooj 4. Daim ntawv thov example: Pound-Drever Hall locking
5. Teem hom SLOW rau LOCK thiab saib xyuas qhov teeb meem qeeb. Yog tias qhov servo qeeb qeeb, DC theem ntawm qhov yuam kev qeeb yuav hloov. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, nco ntsoov tus nqi tshiab ntawm qhov teeb meem yuam kev, teeb tsa SLOW rov qab mus rau SCAN thiab siv qhov yuam kev offset trimppot coj lub teeb liab qeeb qeeb yuam kev los ze zog rau tus nqi xauv thiab sim rov qhib lub xauv qeeb.
6. Rov ua dua cov kauj ruam dhau los ntawm kev kaw qeeb qeeb ntawm lub laser, soj ntsuam DC hloov ntawm qhov yuam kev qeeb, thiab kho qhov yuam kev offset trimpot kom txog rau thaum lub kaw lus qeeb tsis tsim cov kev hloov pauv hauv qhov ntsuas qeeb qeeb piv rau qhov ceev xauv qhov yuam kev yuam kev.
Qhov yuam kev offset trimppot kho me me (mV) qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ceev thiab qeeb yuam kev offsets. Kho lub trimppot kom ntseeg tau tias ob qho tib si ceev thiab qeeb yuam kev compensator circuits xauv lub laser rau tib zaus.
7. Yog hais tias lub servo qhib tam sim ntawd thaum koom nrog lub xauv qeeb, sim inverting SLOW SIGN.
8. Yog tias lub servo qeeb tseem qhib tam sim ntawd, txo qhov nce qeeb thiab sim dua.
9. Thaum lub kaw lus qeeb qeeb tau ua tiav nrog ERR OFFSET trimppot kom raug, kho SLOW GAIN thiab SLOW INT kom txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg xauv.
4.3 Kev ua kom zoo
Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub servo yog txhawm rau ntsuas lub laser mus rau xoom-hla ntawm lub teeb liab yuam kev, uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws yuav yog xoom thaum xauv. Lub suab nrov hauv lub teeb liab yuam kev yog li qhov ntsuas ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov zoo. Spectrum tsom xam ntawm qhov yuam kev teeb liab yog lub cuab yeej muaj zog rau kev nkag siab thiab ua kom zoo dua cov lus tawm tswv yim. RF spectrum analyzers tuaj yeem siv tau tab sis muaj kev sib piv pheej yig thiab muaj qhov txwv tsis pub muaj ntau yam. Ib daim npav suab zoo (24-ntsis 192 kHz, piv txwv li Lynx L22)
4.3 Kev ua kom zoo
29
muab suab nrov tsom mus txog Fourier zaus ntawm 96 kHz nrog 140 dB dynamic ntau yam.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub spectrum analyzer yuav siv nrog ib tug ywj siab zaus discriminator uas yog insensitive rau laser zog hloov [11]. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev saib xyuas qhov yuam kev hauv lub voj tab sis qhov kev ntsuas tawm ntawm lub voj yog qhov zoo dua, xws li ntsuas kab noj hniav hauv daim ntawv thov PDH. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem yuam kev, txuas lub spectrum analyzer rau ib qho ntawm MONITOR outputs teem rau FAST ERR.
High-bandwidth locking feem ntau yog thawj zaug ua tiav lub xauv ruaj khov siv tsuas yog lub servo ceev, thiab tom qab ntawd siv lub servo qeeb los txhim kho lub xauv ruaj khov mus ntev. Lub servo qeeb yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau thermal drift thiab acoustic perturbations, uas yuav ua rau lub hom-hop yog them nrog tam sim no ib leeg. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, yooj yim locking cov tswv yim xws li saturated absorption spectroscopy yog feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm thawj zaug ua tiav lub xauv ruaj khov nrog lub servo qeeb, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov servo ceev los them rau cov kev hloov pauv ntau dua nkaus xwb. Tej zaum nws yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev sab laj Bode zaj duab xis (daim duab 4.3) thaum txhais cov teeb liab yuam kev spectrum.
Thaum optimizing FSC, nws raug pom zoo kom ua ntej optimize servo ceev los ntawm kev tsom xam ntawm qhov yuam kev teeb liab (los yog kis tau tus mob los ntawm kab noj hniav), thiab ces lub servo qeeb kom txo rhiab heev rau sab nraud perturbations. Tshwj xeeb, SCAN + P hom muab txoj hauv kev yooj yim kom tau txais cov lus pom zoo thiab tau txais kwv yees li qhov raug.
Nco ntsoov tias kev ua tiav qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ruaj khov tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua kom zoo dua ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov cuab yeej, tsis yog qhov ntsuas ntawm FSC. Rau example, resid ampLitude modulation (RAM) nyob rau hauv PDH apparatus tshwm sim nyob rau hauv drift nyob rau hauv lub teeb liab yuam kev, uas lub servo tsis muaj peev xwm them rau. Ib yam li ntawd, tsis zoo teeb liab-rau- suab nrov piv (SNR) yuav pub suab nrov ncaj qha rau hauv lub laser.
Tshwj xeeb, qhov nce siab ntawm cov integrators txhais tau hais tias lub ntsuas phoo tuaj yeem nkag siab rau hauv av loops hauv cov teeb liab ua cov saw, thiab
30
Tshooj 4. Daim ntawv thov example: Pound-Drever Hall locking
yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tshem tawm lossis txo cov no. Lub ntiaj teb ntawm FSC yuav tsum nyob ze li sai tau rau ob lub laser maub los thiab txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov teeb liab yuam kev.
Ib txoj hauv kev rau kev ua kom zoo ntawm servo ceev yog teem caij FAST DIFF rau OFF thiab kho FAST GAIN, FAST INT thiab GAIN LIMIT kom txo cov suab nrov kom deb li deb tau. Tom qab ntawd ua kom zoo dua qhov FAST DIFF thiab DIFF GAIN kom txo tau cov suab nrov nrov raws li tau pom ntawm tus ntsuas spectrum. Nco ntsoov tias kev hloov pauv rau FAST GAIN thiab FAST INT tej zaum yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua qhov ntsuas phoo thaum qhov sib txawv tau qhia.
Hauv qee qhov kev siv, qhov teeb meem yuam kev yog bandwidth-txheej thiab tsuas muaj cov suab nrov tsis sib xws ntawm cov zaus siab. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txwv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm servo ntawm lub siab zaus kom tsis txhob sib txuas cov suab nrov no rov qab rau hauv cov teeb liab tswj. Ib qho kev xaiv lim tau muab los txo cov lus teb ceev ceev servo saum toj ib zaus. Qhov kev xaiv no yog kev sib nrig-tsuas yog rau tus sib txawv, thiab yuav tsum tau sim yog tias ua kom pom qhov sib txawv kom nce.
60
Nce (dB)
Siab zaus. cutoff Ob chav integrator
NYIAJ NYIAJ NYIAJ
FAST DIFF DIFF GAIN (limit)
40
20
Kev sib tos
0
QHOV LF GAIN (limit)
Kev sib tos
Sib npaug
Txawv txawv
Lim
YOG INT
20101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
Fourier zaus [Hz]
Daim duab 4.3: Lub tswv yim Bode zaj duab xis qhia txog kev ua ntawm cov tswj ceev (liab) thiab qeeb (xiav) tswj. Lub kaum zaus zaus thiab nce kev txwv tau hloov kho nrog cov pob qhov rooj pem hauv ntej raws li tau sau tseg.
4.3 Kev ua kom zoo
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ntsuas suab nrov.
Lub servo qeeb tuaj yeem raug kho kom zoo kom txo qis tshaj qhov cuam tshuam rau sab nraud perturbations. Yog tsis muaj lub voj voog servo qeeb, qhov siab nce siab txhais tau hais tias qhov ceev servo yuav teb rau sab nraud perturbations (xws li acoustic coupling) thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov pauv tam sim no tuaj yeem ua rau hom-hops hauv laser. Nws yog qhov zoo dua yog tias cov kev hloov pauv tsawg (tsawg zaus) tau them nyiaj rau hauv piezo xwb.
Kho qhov SLOW GAIN thiab SLOW INT yuav tsis tas yuav tsim kev txhim kho ntawm qhov yuam kev teeb liab spectrum, tab sis thaum optimized yuav txo qhov rhiab heev rau acoustic perturbations thiab ncua lub neej ntawm lub xauv.
Ib yam li ntawd, ua kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke ob (DIP2) tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov nce ntawm tag nrho cov servo qeeb yog siab dua qhov ceev servo ntawm cov qis zaus. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav ua rau qeeb servo overreact rau tsawg zaus perturbations thiab ob-integrator tsuas yog pom zoo yog tias lub sij hawm ntev drifts nyob rau hauv tam sim no yog destabilizing lub xauv.
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Tshooj 4. Daim ntawv thov example: Pound-Drever Hall locking
A. Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb
Parameter
Specification
Lub Sijhawm Tau Txais bandwidth (-3 dB) Kev Tshaj Tawm qeeb Sab Nraud modulation bandwidth (-3 dB)
> 35 MHz < 40 ns
> 35 MHz
Nkag mus rau A hauv, B hauv SWEEP IN GAIN IN MOD hauv LOCK IN
SMA, 1 M, ± 2 5 V SMA, 1 M, 0 txog +2 5 V SMA, 1 M, ± 2 5 V SMA, 1 M, ± 2 5 V 3.5 mm poj niam lub suab connector, TTL
Analogue inputs yog over-voltage tiv thaiv mus txog ± 10 V. TTL inputs coj <1 0 V raws li qis,> 2 0 V siab. LOCK IN inputs yog -0 5 V rau 7 V, nquag qis, kos duab ± 1 µA.
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34
Appendix A. Specifications
Parameter
1, 2 TRIG POWER A, B
Specification
SMA, 50, 0 txog +2 5V, BW 20 kHz SMA, 50, ± 2 5V, BW> 20 MHz SMA, 50, BW> 20 MHz SMA, 1M, 0 txog +5 V M8 poj niam connector, ± 12 V, 125 mA
All outputs are limited to ±5 V. 50 outputs 50 mA max (125 mW, +21 dBm).
Mechanical & zog
IEC cov ntaub ntawv
110-130V ntawm 60Hz lossis 220-260V ntawm 50Hz
Fuse
5x20mm anti-surge ceramic 230 V / 0.25 A lossis 115 V / 0.63 A
Qhov ntev
Luas = 250 x 79 x 292 mm
Qhov hnyav
2, XNUMX kg
Kev siv zog
<10 W
Kev daws teeb meem
B.1 Laser zaus tsis scanning
A MOGLabs DLC nrog rau sab nraud piezo tswj teeb liab xav kom lub teeb liab sab nraud yuav tsum hla 1.25 V. Yog tias koj paub tseeb tias koj lub teeb liab tswj sab nraud hla 1.25 V paub meej tias cov hauv qab no:
· DLC ncua sij hawm yog tag nrho clockwise. · FREQUENCY ntawm DLC yog xoom (siv lub LCD zaub los teeb
Zaus). · DIP9 (Sab nrauv cheb) ntawm DLC yog nyob rau. · DIP13 thiab DIP14 ntawm DLC raug kaw. · Lub xauv hloov pauv ntawm DLC tau teeb tsa rau SCAN. · LOW OUT ntawm FSC txuas nrog SWEEP / PZT MOD
input ntawm DLC. · SWEEP ntawm FSC yog INT. · FSC ncua sij hawm yog tag nrho clockwise. · Txuas lub FSC MONITOR 1 mus rau ib qho oscilloscope, teeb lub MONI-
TOR 1 pob rau RAMP thiab kho FREQ OFFSET kom txog rau thaum ramp yog nruab nrab ntawm 1.25 V.
Yog tias cov kev txheeb xyuas saum toj no tsis tau daws koj qhov teeb meem, tshem tawm FSC los ntawm DLC thiab xyuas kom meej tias lub laser scans thaum tswj nrog DLC. Hu rau MOGLabs rau kev pab yog tias tsis ua tiav.
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36
Daim Ntawv Ntxiv B. Kev daws teeb meem
B.2 Thaum siv cov tswv yim hloov pauv, cov zis tawm nrawm nrawm mus rau qhov loj voltage
Thaum siv MOD IN functionality ntawm FSC (DIP 4 enabled) cov zis ceev yuav feem ntau ntab mus rau qhov zoo vol.tage rail,v 4v. Xyuas kom MOD IN yog luv thaum tsis siv.
B.3 Cov cim ua yuam kev loj loj
Hauv qee daim ntawv thov, qhov teeb meem yuam kev tsim los ntawm daim ntawv thov yuav nruj me ntsis zoo (lossis tsis zoo) thiab loj. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tus REF trimppot thiab ERR OFFSET yuav tsis muaj txaus DC hloov mus rau qhov xav tau lockpoint coincides nrog 0 V. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no ob CH A thiab CH B yuav siv tau nrog lub INPUT toggle teem rau , CH B teem rau PD thiab nrog ib tug DC vol.tage tau thov rau CH B los tsim qhov kev sib txawv uas xav tau los nruab nrab ntawm qhov ntsuas xauv. Raws li ib tug example, yog tias qhov teeb meem yuam kev nyob nruab nrab ntawm 0 V thiab 5 V thiab qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas yog 2.5 V, ces txuas qhov yuam kev teeb liab rau CH A thiab siv 2.5 V rau CH B. Nrog rau qhov tsim nyog qhov teeb meem yuam kev ces yuav nyob nruab nrab ntawm -2 5 V rau + 2 5 V.
B.4 ceev tso zis ntsia ntawm ± 0.625 V
Rau feem ntau MOGLabs ECDLs, ib voltage viav vias ntawm ± 0.625 V ntawm qhov tso zis ceev (xws li ± 0.625 mA txhaj rau hauv lub laser diode) yog ntau tshaj qhov xav tau rau kev xauv rau qhov kab noj hniav. Hauv qee daim ntawv thov yuav tsum muaj ntau qhov loj ntawm cov zis tawm sai. Qhov kev txwv no tuaj yeem nce ntxiv los ntawm kev hloov pauv yooj yim. Thov hu rau MOGLabs yog xav paub ntxiv.
B.5 Cov lus teb yuav tsum tau hloov kos npe
Yog hais tias cov lus teb ceev ceev polarity hloov, nws yog feem ntau vim hais tias lub laser tau drifted mus rau hauv ib tug multi-mode xeev (ob tug sab nraud kab noj hniav hom oscillating ib txhij). Kho lub laser tam sim no kom tau txais kev ua haujlwm singlemode, tsis yog thim rov qab cov lus tawm tswv yim polarity.
B.6 Saib xyuas cov teeb liab tsis raug
37
B.6 Saib xyuas cov teeb liab tsis raug
Thaum lub sij hawm kuaj lub Hoobkas, cov zis ntawm txhua tus MONITOR knobs raug txheeb xyuas. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sij hawm lub teeb screws uas tuav lub pob qhov rooj nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm yuav so kom txaus thiab lub pob qhov rooj yuav plam, ua rau lub pob qhov rooj qhia qhov teeb meem tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Mus xyuas:
· Txuas cov zis ntawm MONITOR rau ib qho oscilloscope.
· Tig lub pob qhov rooj SPAN tag nrho.
· Tig lub MONITOR rau RAMP. Koj yuav tsum tam sim no saib aramping teeb liab ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 1 volt; yog tias koj tsis ua ces lub pob qhov rooj tsis raug.
· Txawm hais tias koj saib arampNyob rau hauv lub teeb liab, lub pob qhov rooj txoj hauj lwm tseem yuav tsis ncaj ncees lawm, tig lub pob qhov rooj ib txoj hauj lwm ntau clockwise.
· Tam sim no koj yuav tsum muaj lub teeb liab me me nyob ze 0 V, thiab tej zaum tuaj yeem pom r me meamp ntawm oscilloscope ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kaum ntawm mV. Kho qhov BIAS trimppot thiab koj yuav tsum pom qhov amplus ramp hloov.
· Yog hais tias lub teeb liab ntawm lub oscilloscope hloov thaum koj kho BIAS trimpot koj MONITOR knob txoj hauj lwm yog lawm; yog tias tsis yog, ces MONITOR pob qhov rooj yuav tsum tau hloov kho.
Txhawm rau kho qhov MONITOR knob txoj hauj lwm, cov teeb liab tso tawm yuav tsum xub txheeb xyuas siv cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws rau saum toj no, thiab lub pob qhov rooj yuav raug muab tig los ntawm kev xoob ob lub teeb ntsia hlau uas tuav lub pob qhov rooj, nrog 1.5 hli allen key lossis pob tsav tsheb.
B.7 Laser undergoes qeeb hom hops
Slow hom hops tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev tawm tswv yim kho qhov muag los ntawm cov ntsiab lus kho qhov muag ntawm lub laser thiab kab noj hniav, rau example fiber ntau couplers, los yog los ntawm qhov kho qhov muag kab noj hniav nws tus kheej. Cov tsos mob muaj xws li zaus
38
Daim Ntawv Ntxiv B. Kev daws teeb meem
jumps ntawm lub free-running laser ntawm qeeb timescales, ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 30 s qhov twg lub laser zaus jumps los ntawm 10 mus rau 100 MHz. Xyuas kom lub laser muaj kev sib cais kho qhov muag txaus, txhim kho lwm qhov kev sib cais yog tias tsim nyog, thiab thaiv cov kab teeb uas tsis siv.
C. PCB layout
C39
C59
R30
C76
C116
C166
C3
C2
P1
P2
C1
C9
C7
C6
C4
C5
P3
R1 C8 C10
R2
R338d1 ua
C378
R24
R337
R27
C15
R7
R28
R8
R66 R34
R340c379 ua
R33
R10
D4
R11 C60 R35
R342
R37
R343d6 ua
C380
R3 C16 R12
R4
C366 R58 R59 C31 R336
P4
R5d8 ua
C365 R347 R345
R49
R77 R40
R50d3 ua
C368 R344 R346
R75
C29 R15 R38 R47 R48
C62 R36 R46 C28
C11 C26
R339
R31c23 ua
C25
C54 C22 C24 R9
R74c57 ua
C33
C66 C40
U13
U3
U9
U10
U14
U4
U5
U6
U15
R80 R70 C27
C55R42
C65R32
R29 R65
R57 R78 R69
R71 R72
R79 R84
C67
R73
C68
C56
R76
R333
C42 C69
C367R6
R334c369 ua
C13
R335
C43 C372 R14 R13
C373 C17
U1
R60 R17 R329
U16
R81 R82
C35
C362 R85 R331 C44 R87
C70
Ua 25c124
R180c131 ua
C140R145
U42
R197 R184 C186 C185
MH2 ua
C165 C194 C167 R186 R187 C183 C195 R200
C126 R325 R324
R168 C162 C184
C157 R148 R147
C163 C168
C158R170
R95 C85 R166 R99 C84
C86
C75 R97 R96 C87
R83c83 ua
U26
Ua 27c92
R100R101R102R106
R104 R105
C88 R98 R86
R341 C95 R107 C94
U38
C90R109
R103U28
C128 C89
C141
R140 R143
R108
U48
R146c127 ua
R185
Ua 50r326
U49
R332
R201
R191
R199c202 ua
R198 R190
C216
P8
U57
C221
C234
C222 R210 C217
C169 R192 R202
R195c170 ua
R171
U51
R203
R211
U58
C257
R213 C223 R212
R214 C203 C204 C205
C172 R194 C199
R327 C171 C160 R188 R172 R173
C93 R111 C96 C102 R144 R117
R110 R112
C98 C91
R115 R114
U31
C101
SIB 1
C148
SIB 2
C159
C109 C129
C149
C130
U29
C138
U32
C150
C112R113
C100
C105 C99 C103 C152 C110
U33
C104 C111 C153
C133
R118 R124
R119 R122
R123
U34 R130 R120 R121
C161
C134
R169U43
C132
C182 R157 C197
C189 R155 C201
C181R156
C173
U56
C198R193
C206
R189
C174
C196
U52
R196 R154 R151 R152 R153
R204 C187 C176 C179
U53
C180 C188 C190
C178
C200
C207
U54
C209
Ua 55c191
C192
C208R205
Ua 62c210
R217c177 ua
C227 C241 C243 C242 R221
R223c263 ua
C232
C231
C225
U59
C226
C259
C237
C238
C240 C239
R206
U60
C261
R207 C260 R215
R218
R216
Ua 61c262
Ua 66r219
Ua 68r222
Ua 67r220
C258 C235 C236
C273
SIB 1
R225 R224
C266
C265
R228
U69
C269
R231 R229
U70
C270
U71
R234
C272
R226
U72
C71
C36
R16 R18
C14
C114
R131
C115
C58R93
C46
C371
C370
R43c45 ua
R44
U11
R330 R92
R90R89R88R91
R20
U7
R19
R39c34 ua
C72
R61
C73
C19
R45c47 ua
C41 C78
P5
R23
U8
R22
C375
C374 R41 R21
C37
C38
C30
C20
R52 C48 R51
C49
U2
C50
U17
U18
R55R53R62R54
C63
R63 C52 R26
Ua 12r25
P6
C377 C376
R64 R56 C51
MH1 ua
C53
C79
C74
C18
C113 R174 R175 R176 R177
C120
R128
R126c106 ua
R127 R125
U35 R132 U39
R141 C117 R129 R158
R142
C136 R134 R133 R138 R137
C135
C139 R161 R162 R163
C118
C119R159
C121
Ua 41c137
R160c147 ua
C164
Ua 40c146
C193
R164c123 ua
C122
R139 R165
U44
C107
U45
C142
C144 R135 C145
R182
R178 R167
R181
RT 1
C155R149
C21 C12
U47
U46
Ua 30c108
U21 C77 U23 C82
U24 C64 U22 C81
Ua 19c61
R68 R67 U20 C32
P7
C97R116
C80R94
Ua 36c143
C151
R179
R150c156 ua
R183
R136c154 ua
C175
C252
C220
C228 C229 C230
U63
C248
C247
C211
C212 C213 C214
U64
C251
C250
C215
C219
R208 R209 C224
C218 C253
U65
C256
C255 C254
C249 C233
C246 C245
C274
C244
C264
C268R230
C276
C271
C267
C275
R238 R237 R236 R235 R240 R239
R328
PEB 1 R257
C285R246
C286 C284
R242
U73
R247
C281R243
C280
U74
C287
R248
C289 R251 R252
R233 R227 R232
C282 R244 R245
U75
R269
C288 R250 R249
R253 R255
C290
R241
R254
U76
R272
C291
R256
U77
C294 C296
C283
C277
MH5 ua
C292
C293
C279 C278
Ua 37c125
MH3 ua
C295
C307R265
Q1
C309
C303 R267 R268
C305
C301
MH6 ua
R282
C312
R274 R283 R284
C322
C298
C300
R264 C297 R262
U78
R273c311 ua
C299
R263
C302
R261R258R259R260
U79
C306
U80
C315
C313
R266
U81
R278 R275 R276
C304
R277
C316
R271c308 ua
R270
U82
C314
C318
U83
R280 R279 C321
C310
U84
R285c317 ua
C320
R281
C319
R290 R291
D11
D12
D13
D14
R287 R286
SIB 2
R297 R296
R289 R288
C334 C328 C364
R299c330 ua
R293 R292
C324
C331
R300
R298c329 ua
C333 C332
U85
C335
C323
C325
D15
R303
D16
C336
R301 R302 C342 C341
C337
U86
C343
C339
C346
R310 R307
R309
R308
MH8 ua
C347 R305 R306
R315
R321
C345
P10
C344 C348
MH9 ua
C349 R318 C350 R319 R317 R316
C352
P11
C351
C354
U87
MH10 ua
C353
U88
C338
C340
R294
C363
MH4 P9
XF1
C358
R295
C326
C327
D17
R304
D18
U89
C355 C356
U91
U90
C361R323
C357
C359
P12
C360
MH7 ua
R313 R314 R320 R311 R312 R322
39
40
Appendix C. PCB layout
D. 115/230 V hloov
D.1 Fuse
Lub fuse yog ceramic antisurge, 0.25A (230V) lossis 0.63A (115V), 5x20mm, rau example Littlefuse 0215.250MXP lossis 0215.630MXP. Lub fuse tuav yog ib daim cartridge liab nyob rau saum lub IEC lub hwj chim inlet thiab lub ntsiab hloov nyob rau tom qab ntawm chav tsev (Fig. D.1).
Daim duab D.1: Fuse catridge, qhia fuse tso rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm 230 V.
D.2 120/240 V hloov
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv hluav taws xob los ntawm AC ntawm 50 txog 60 Hz, 110 txog 120 V (100 V hauv Nyiv), lossis 220 txog 240 V. Txhawm rau hloov ntawm 115 V thiab 230 V, lub fuse cartridge yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, thiab rov tso dua li qhov tseeb vol.tage qhia los ntawm lub qhov rais npog thiab qhov tseeb fuse (raws li saum toj no) yog ntsia.
41
42
Cov ntawv ntxiv D. 115/230 V hloov dua siab tshiab
Daim duab D.2: Hloov fuse lossis voltage, qhib lub fuse cartridge npog nrog lub hau ntswj ntxig rau hauv ib qho me me ntawm sab laug ntawm lub hau, cia li mus rau sab laug ntawm lub pob liab liab.tagqhov taw qhia
Thaum tshem lub fuse catridge, ntxig ib lub hau ntswj mus rau hauv qhov chaw so ntawm sab laug ntawm daim cartridge; tsis txhob sim rho tawm siv lub hau ntswj ntawm ob sab ntawm lub fuseholder (saib cov duab).
WRONG!
YOG
Daim duab D.3: Txhawm rau rho tawm lub fuse cartridge, ntxig ib lub taub hau rau hauv qhov chaw so ntawm sab laug ntawm daim cartridge.
Thaum hloov voltage, lub fuse thiab ib qho txuas txuas yuav tsum tau hloov pauv ntawm ib sab mus rau lwm qhov, kom cov hlua txuas txuas ib txwm nyob hauv qab thiab lub fuse ib txwm nyob rau saum; saib cov duab hauv qab no.
D.2 120/240 V hloov
43
Daim duab D.4: 230 V choj (sab laug) thiab fuse (sab xis). Hloov tus choj thiab fuse thaum hloov voltage, kom lub fuse tseem nyob saum toj kawg nkaus thaum tso.
Daim duab D.5: 115 V choj (sab laug) thiab fuse (sab xis).
44
Cov ntawv ntxiv D. 115/230 V hloov dua siab tshiab
Cov ntawv sau cia
[1] Alex Abramovici thiab Jake Chapsky. Cov Tswv Yim Tswj Xyuas Cov Txheej Txheem: Phau Ntawv Qhia Ceev-Track rau Cov Kws Tshawb Fawb thiab Cov Kws Ua Haujlwm. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. 1
[2] Boris Lurie thiab Paul Enright. Classical Feedback Control: Nrog MATLAB® thiab Simulink®. CRC Xovxwm, 2011. 1
[3] Richard W. Fox, Chris W. Oates, thiab Leo W. Hollberg. Stabilizing diode lasers rau cov kab noj hniav siab. Cov kev sim hauv lub cev sciences, 40:1, 46. 2003
[4] RWP Drever, JL Hall, FV Kowalski, J. Hough, GM Ford, AJ Munley, and H. Ward. Laser theem thiab zaus stabilization siv lub optical resonator. Appl. Phys. B, 31:97 105, 1983. 1
[5] TW Ha¨nsch and B. Couillaud. Laser zaus stabilization los ntawm polarization spectroscopy ntawm ib tug reflecting kab noj hniav. Optics kev sib txuas lus, 35(3): 441, 444. 1980
[6] M. Zhu thiab JL Hall. Stabilization ntawm optical theem / zaus ntawm lub laser system: daim ntawv thov rau kev lag luam dye laser nrog rau sab nraud stabilizer. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 10:802, 1993. 1
[7] GC Bjorklund. Frequency-modulation spectroscopy: ib txoj hauv kev tshiab los ntsuas qhov tsis muaj zog nqus thiab dispersions. Xaiv. Liv., 5:15, 1980. 1
[8] Joshua S Torrance, Ben M Sparkes, Lincoln D Turner, thiab Robert E Scholten. Sub-kilohertz laser linewidth nqaim siv polarization spectroscopy. Optics nthuav qhia, 24(11): 11396 11406, 2016. 1
45
[10] W. Demtr¨oder. Laser Spectroscopy, Basic Concepts thiab Instrumentation. Springer, Berlin, 2e tsab, 1996. 1
[11] LD Turner, KP Weber, CJ Hawthorn, thiab RE Scholten. Lub suab nrov zaus ntawm cov kab nqaim nrog diode lasers. Xaiv. Communic., 201:391, 2002. 29
46
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