moglabs PID Fast Servo Controller
Ƙayyadaddun bayanai
- Model: MOGLabs FSC
- Nau'in: Servo Controller
- Amfani da Niyya: Ƙarfafa mitar Laser da taƙaita faɗin layi
- Aikace-aikacen Farko: Babban-bandwidth ƙananan latency servo iko
Umarnin Amfani da samfur
Gabatarwa
MOGLabs FSC an ƙera shi don samar da babban bandwidth low-latency servo iko don tabbatar da mitar Laser da ƙunsar layi.
Ka'idar Kula da martani na asali
Ƙaddamar da mitar martani na lasers na iya zama hadaddun. Ana bada shawarar sakeview sarrafa litattafan ka'idar ka'idar da wallafe-wallafe akan daidaitawar mitar laser don kyakkyawar fahimta.
Haɗi da Gudanarwa
Ikon Gabatarwa
Ana amfani da abubuwan sarrafawa na gaba don gyare-gyare na gaggawa da kuma saka idanu. Wadannan sarrafawa suna da mahimmanci don daidaitawa na lokaci-lokaci yayin aiki.
Gudanar da Ƙungiyar Rear da Haɗin kai
Gudanarwar panel na baya da haɗin kai suna ba da musaya don na'urori na waje da na waje. Haɗin waɗannan daidai yana tabbatar da aiki mai sauƙi da dacewa tare da tsarin waje.
Maɓallin DIP na ciki
Maɓallan DIP na ciki suna ba da ƙarin zaɓuɓɓukan daidaitawa. Fahimta da daidaita daidaitattun waɗannan na'urori suna da mahimmanci don daidaita halayen mai sarrafawa.
FAQ
kamfanin santec
Mai sarrafa servo mai sauri
Shafin 1.0.9, Rev 2 hardware
Iyakance Alhaki
MOG Laboratories Pty Ltd (MOGLabs) baya ɗaukar duk wani alhaki da ya taso daga amfani da bayanan da ke cikin wannan littafin. Wannan daftarin aiki na iya ƙunsar ko bayanin bayanai da samfuran da ke kare haƙƙin mallaka ko haƙƙin mallaka kuma baya isar da kowane lasisi ƙarƙashin haƙƙin mallaka na MOGLabs, ko haƙƙin wasu. MOGLabs ba za ta ɗauki alhakin duk wani lahani a cikin kayan masarufi ko software ko asara ko rashin isassun bayanai kowane iri ba, ko don kowane lalacewa kai tsaye, kai tsaye, mai haɗari, ko kuma mai haifar da alaƙa tare da ko taso daga aiki ko amfani da kowane samfuransa. . Ƙayyadadden abin alhaki da aka ambata a baya zai kasance daidai da amfani ga kowane sabis na MOGLabs.
Haƙƙin mallaka
Haƙƙin mallaka © MOG Laboratories Pty Ltd (MOGLabs) 2017 2025. Babu wani ɓangare na wannan ɗaba'ar da za'a iya sake bugawa, adanawa cikin tsarin maidowa, ko watsawa, ta kowace hanya ko ta kowace hanya, lantarki, inji, kwafin hoto ko akasin haka, ba tare da an riga an rubuta ba. izinin MOGLabs.
Tuntuɓar
Don ƙarin bayani, tuntuɓi:
MOG Laboratories P/L 49 University St Carlton VIC 3053 AUSTRALIA +61 3 9939 0677 info@moglabs.com www.moglabs.com
Santec LIS Corporation 5823 Ohkusa-Nenjozaka, Komaki Aichi 485-0802 JAPAN +81 568 79 3535 www.santec.com
Gabatarwa
MOGLabs FSC yana ba da mahimman abubuwa na babban bandwidth low-latency servo controller, da farko an yi niyya don daidaita mitar Laser da kunkuntar layi. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da FSC don ampsarrafa litude, ga misaliampdon ƙirƙirar "mai cin surutu" wanda ke daidaita ƙarfin gani na Laser, amma a cikin wannan littafin mun ɗauka mafi yawan aikace-aikacen daidaitawar mita.
1.1 Ka'idar kulawa ta asali
Ƙaddamar da mitar martani na lasers na iya zama mai rikitarwa. Muna ƙarfafa masu karatu su sakeview Littattafan ka'idar sarrafawa [1, 2] da wallafe-wallafe akan daidaitawar mitar laser [3].
An nuna ma'anar sarrafa ra'ayi da tsari a cikin adadi 1.1. Ana auna mitar Laser tare da mai nuna bambanci wanda ke haifar da siginar kuskure wanda ya yi daidai da bambanci tsakanin mitar Laser nan take da mitar da ake so ko saiti. Masu wariya na gama gari sun haɗa da cavities na gani da Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) [4] ko Ha¨nsch-Couillaud [5] gano; kulle-kulle [6]; ko kuma yawancin bambance-bambancen abubuwan sha na atomic spectroscopy [7].
0
+
Siginar kuskure
Servo
Siginar sarrafawa
Laser
dV/df Mai nuna bambanci
Hoto 1.1: Sauƙaƙe zane na madauki mai sarrafa martani.
1
2
Babi na 1. Gabatarwa
1.1.1 Kuskuren sakonni
Babban fasalin gama gari na sarrafa martani shine cewa siginar kuskuren da aka yi amfani da shi don sarrafawa yakamata ya juyar da alamar yayin da mitar Laser ke motsawa sama ko ƙasa da wurin saiti, kamar a cikin adadi 1.2. Daga siginar kuskure, servo ko ramuwa yana haifar da siginar sarrafawa don transducer a cikin Laser, kamar yadda mitar Laser ke motsawa zuwa wurin da ake so. Mahimmanci, wannan siginar sarrafawa zai canza alamar yayin da siginar kuskuren ke canza alamar, yana tabbatar da mitar laser koyaushe ana turawa zuwa wurin saiti, maimakon nesa da shi.
Kuskure
Kuskure
f
0
Mitar f
f Yawan f
KUSKUREN KUSKURE
Hoto 1.2: Siginar kuskure mai tarwatsa ka'idar, daidai da bambanci tsakanin mitar Laser da mitar saiti. Matsala akan siginar kuskure yana canza wurin kulle (dama).
Kula da bambanci tsakanin siginar kuskure da siginar sarrafawa. Siginar kuskure shine ma'auni na bambanci tsakanin ainihin mitar Laser da ake so, wanda a ka'ida ba ta nan take kuma ba ta da hayaniya. Ana samar da siginar sarrafawa daga siginar kuskure ta hanyar servo ko ramuwa. Siginar sarrafawa tana fitar da mai kunnawa kamar mai canza wutar lantarki ta piezo, da allurar diode na Laser diode, ko na'urar sarrafa sauti ko na'urar lantarki, wanda mitar Laser ke komawa wurin saiti. Masu kunnawa suna da rikitattun ayyukan mayar da martani, tare da ƙarancin lokaci, riba mai dogaro da mitoci, da ƙararrawa. Mai biyan kuɗi ya kamata ya inganta amsawar sarrafawa don rage kuskure zuwa mafi ƙarancin yiwuwar.
1.1 Ka'idar kulawa ta asali
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1.1.2 Amsar mitar sabar amsawa
Ana yin bayanin aikin servos na amsawa a cikin sharuddan amsawar mitar Fourier; wato, samun ra'ayi a matsayin aiki na yawan tashin hankali. Domin misaliampHar ila yau, tashin hankali na gama gari shine mitar mains, = 50 Hz ko 60 Hz. Wannan tashin hankali zai canza mitar Laser ta ɗan adadin, a cikin ƙimar 50 ko 60 Hz. Tasirin hargitsi akan Laser na iya zama ƙarami (misali = 0 ± 1 kHz inda 0 shine mitar Laser mara damuwa) ko babba (= 0 ± 1 MHz). Ba tare da la'akari da girman wannan tashin hankali ba, Mitar Fourier na tashin hankali shine ko dai a 50 ko 60 Hz. Don murkushe waccan hargitsi, mai ba da amsa ya kamata ya sami riba mai yawa a 50 da 60 Hz don samun damar ramawa.
Riba na mai sarrafa servo yawanci yana da ƙarancin mitoci, yawanci ana bayyana shi ta iyakar riba-bandwidth na op.amps amfani a cikin mai sarrafa servo. Har ila yau, riba dole ne ya faɗi ƙasa da ribar haɗin kai (0 dB) a mafi girma mitoci don guje wa haifar da oscillations a cikin sarrafa sarrafawa, kamar sanannun tsattsauran ra'ayi na tsarin sauti (wanda aka fi sani da "bayanan sauti"). Wadannan oscillations suna faruwa ne don mitoci sama da juzu'i na mafi ƙarancin jinkirin yaduwa na haɗin laser, mitar wariya, servo da tsarin actuator. Yawanci wannan iyaka yana mamaye lokacin amsawar mai kunnawa. Don piezos da aka yi amfani da su a cikin laser diode cavity na waje, iyaka yawanci ƴan kHz ne, kuma don amsawar daidaitawa na diode Laser, iyaka yana kusa da 100 zuwa 300kHz.
Hoto 1.3 makircin ra'ayi ne na riba akan mitar Fourier don FSC. Don rage girman kuskuren mitar Laser, yankin da ke ƙarƙashin makircin riba ya kamata a ƙaru. PID (daidaituwa da bambanci) masu sarrafa servo hanya ce ta gama gari, inda siginar sarrafawa shine jimillar abubuwa uku da aka samu daga siginar kuskuren shigarwa ɗaya. Matsakaicin ra'ayin (P) yana ƙoƙarin ramawa da sauri don hargitsi, yayin da martani mai haɗawa (I) yana ba da riba mai yawa don rarrabuwa da jinkirin ɗimbin ra'ayi, da ra'ayi daban-daban (D) yana ƙara ƙarin riba don canje-canje kwatsam.
4
Babi na 1. Gabatarwa
Sami (dB)
Babban mitoci. cutoff Biyu integrator
60
AZUMI INT KYAUTA
FAST DIFF DIFF GAIN (iyaka)
40
20
Mai haɗawa
0
FAST LF GAIN (iyaka)
Mai haɗawa
Daidaito
Mai bambanta
Tace
SAURAN INT
20101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
Mitar ta huɗu [Hz]
Hoto 1.3: Makircin Bode na Hannu yana nuna aikin masu sarrafa azumi (ja) da jinkirin (blue). Mai jinkirin mai sarrafawa ko dai guda ɗaya ne ko mai haɗawa biyu tare da mitar kusurwa mai daidaitacce. Mai sarrafa sauri shine PID tare da mitoci masu daidaitacce kuma samun iyaka a ƙananan ƙananan mitoci. In ba haka ba za a iya kashe mai bambancewa kuma a maye gurbin shi da matattara mai ƙarancin wucewa.
Haɗi da sarrafawa
2.1 Gudanar da gaban panel
Kwamitin gaba na FSC yana da adadi mai yawa na zaɓuɓɓukan daidaitawa waɗanda ke ba da damar haɓaka halayen servo da inganta su.
Lura cewa sauyawa da zaɓuɓɓuka na iya bambanta tsakanin sake fasalin kayan aikin, da fatan za a tuntuɓi littafin don takamaiman na'urarku kamar yadda lambar serial ta nuna.
Mai Sarrafa Servo mai sauri
AC DC
INPUT
PD 0
REF
CHB
+
ALAMOMIN AZUMI
+
SANIN ALAMAR
INT
75 100 250
50k100 ku 200k
10M 5M 2.5M
50
500
20k ku
500k KASHE
1M
25
750k ku
1M 200k
750k ku
KASHE
1k KASHE
2M 100k
500k ku
EXT
50k ku
250k ku
25k ku
100k ku
SPAN
RATE
SAURAN INT
FAST INT
SANARWA/TATA
12
6
18
0
24
BIAS
FREQ OFFSET
SHAN RUWA
SAMUN TSARI
SAMUN BANBANCI
30 20 10
0
40
50
NESTED
60
SCAN
MAX LOCK
SAUKI
SAMU LIMIT
SCAN SCAN+P
KULLE
AZUMI
Kuskure OFFSET
MATSAYI
SAURAN KUSKURE
RAMP
KUSKURE MAI GIRMA
BIAS
CHB
AZUMI
CHA
SAUKI
MON1
SAURAN KUSKURE
RAMP
KUSKURE MAI GIRMA
BIAS
CHB
AZUMI
CHA
SAUKI
MON2
2.1.1 Kanfigareshan INPUT Yana zaɓar yanayin haɗa siginar kuskure; duba hoto 3.2. Siginar kuskuren AC mai sauri yana haɗa AC, kuskuren jinkirin yana haɗa DC. DC Duk sigina na kuskure masu sauri da jinkirin an haɗa su da DC. Sigina sun haɗa DC-haɗe, kuma ana amfani da ERROR OFFSET gaban-panel don sarrafa wurin kulle. CHB Yana Zaɓi shigarwa don tashar B: mai gano hoto, ƙasa, ko madaidaicin 0 zuwa 2.5V da aka saita tare da madaidaicin madaidaicin.
ALAMOMIN AZUMI Alamar amsa mai sauri. SANIN ALAMOMIN SALLAH Alamar jinkirin amsawa.
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6
Haɗi da sarrafawa
2.1.2 Ramp sarrafawa
Cikin ramp janareta yana ba da aikin share fage don duba mitar laser yawanci ta hanyar piezo actuator, diode injection current, ko duka biyun. Fitowar fararwa tana aiki tare da ramp An bayar da shi a kan sashin baya (TRIG, 1M).
INT/EXT na ciki ko na waje ramp don duba mita.
RATE Trimpot don daidaita ƙimar sharewar ciki.
BIAS Lokacin da aka kunna DIP3, jinkirin fitarwa, wanda aka daidaita ta wannan trimpot, ana ƙara shi zuwa saurin fitarwa. Wannan ciyarwar son zuciya ana buƙata yawanci lokacin da ake daidaita piezo actuator na ECDL don hana yanayin hopping. Koyaya, an riga an samar da wannan aikin ta wasu masu kula da laser (kamar MOGLabs DLC) kuma yakamata a yi amfani da su kawai lokacin da ba a samar da su a wani wuri ba.
SPAN yana daidaita ramp tsawo, kuma ta haka ne iyakar sharar mitar.
FREQ OFFSET Yana daidaita daidaitawar DC akan jinkirin fitarwa, yadda ya kamata yana ba da jujjuyawar mitar laser.
2.1.3 Madaidaicin madaukai
Maɓallan madauki suna ba da damar samun daidaitattun daidaito, mai haɗawa da mai bambanta stages da za a gyara. Ga mai haɗawa da banbanta stage, ana gabatar da riba dangane da mitar ribar naúrar, wani lokaci ana kiranta da mitar kusurwa.
SANARWA Mitar Kusurwar INT na mai haɗawa da servo mai jinkirin; za a iya kashe ko gyara daga 25 Hz zuwa 1 kHz.
SAURAN SAMUN SAUKI Juyi-juya jinkirin ribar servo; daga -20 dB zuwa +20 dB.
FAST INT Mitar Kusurwa na mai haɗawa da servo mai sauri; kashe ko daidaitacce daga 10 kHz zuwa 2 MHz.
2.1 Gudanar da gaban panel
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SAMUN AZUMI 10-juya-juya-hukunce-hannun riba; daga -50 dB zuwa +XNUMX dB.
FAST DIFF/FILTER Yana sarrafa babban amsawar servo. Lokacin da aka saita zuwa "KASHE", martanin servo ya kasance daidai gwargwado. Lokacin da aka juya agogon hannu, ana kunna mai bambanta tare da mitar kusurwa mai alaƙa. Lura cewa rage mitar kusurwa yana ƙara aikin mai bambanta. Lokacin da aka saita zuwa ƙima mai ƙasƙanci, ana kashe mai banbanta kuma a maimakon haka ana amfani da matattara mai ƙarancin wucewa akan fitarwar servo. Wannan yana haifar da mayar da martani sama da ƙayyadadden mitar.
DIFF GAIN Iyakar riba mai girma akan servo mai sauri; kowane haɓaka yana canza matsakaicin riba ta 6 dB. Ba shi da wani tasiri sai dai idan an kunna bambance-bambancen; wato, sai dai idan an saita FAST DIFF zuwa ƙimar da ba a ja da baya ba.
2.1.4 Kulle sarrafawa
GAIN IYAKA Ƙaddamar da ƙaramar riba akan servo mai sauri, a cikin dB. MAX yana wakiltar iyakar da ake samu.
KUSKURE OFFSET DC an yi amfani da siginar kuskure lokacin da aka saita yanayin INPUT zuwa . Yana da fa'ida don daidaitaccen daidaita wurin kullewa ko ramawa a cikin siginar kuskure. Matsakaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin shine don daidaita kuskuren jinkirin servo dangane da servo mai sauri, kuma ana iya daidaita shi don tabbatar da tafiyar da sauri da jinkirin servos zuwa daidai mitar daidai.
SLOW Yana ɗaukar jinkirin servo ta canza SCAN zuwa LOCK. Lokacin saita zuwa NESTED, jinkirin sarrafawa voltage ana ciyar da shi a cikin siginar kuskure mai sauri don samun riba mai yawa a ƙananan mitoci idan babu mai kunnawa da aka haɗa da jinkirin fitarwa.
FAST Yana sarrafa servo mai sauri. Lokacin da aka saita zuwa SCAN + P, ana ciyar da ra'ayoyin daidaitattun a cikin saurin fitarwa yayin da laser ke dubawa, yana ba da damar daidaita ra'ayoyin. Canza zuwa LOCK yana dakatar da binciken kuma yana ɗaukar cikakken ikon PID.
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Babi na 2. Haɗi da sarrafawa
MATSAYI Alamun launuka masu yawa yana nuna halin kulle.
Koren Wutar Kunnawa, an kashe kulle. Orange Lock ya shiga amma siginar kuskure ba ta da iyaka, yana nuna makullin
ya kasa. Blue Lock yana aiki kuma siginar kuskure yana cikin iyaka.
2.1.5 Siginar saka idanu
Rubutun rotary guda biyu suna zaɓar wanne daga cikin ƙayyadaddun sigina aka tura zuwa abubuwan da ke bayan MONITOR 1 da MONITOR 2. Fitowar TRIG fitarwa ce mai jituwa ta TTL (1M) wacce ke juyawa daga ƙasa zuwa babba a tsakiyar sharewar. Teburin da ke ƙasa yana bayyana sigina.
CHA CHB SAURI KUSKURE SAUKI KYAU RAMP BIAS SAURI SHANNU
Tashar A shigar da shigarwar tashar B Siginar Kuskuren da aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar servo mai sauri Kuskuren siginar da jinkirin servo R ke amfani da shi.amp kamar yadda ake amfani da shi zuwa Slow OUT Ramp kamar yadda aka yi amfani da shi zuwa FAST OUT lokacin da DIP3 ya kunna siginar sarrafa SAURAN SAUKI siginar SAUKI
2.2 Rear panel controls da haɗi
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2.2 Rear panel controls da haɗi
KALLON 2 KULLE
LABARIN 1
SHIGA
SAMU CIKIN
B IN
A IN
Serial:
GASKIYA
SANARWA SAUKI SAUKI
Mod IN
WUTA B
WUTA A
Duk masu haɗin SMA ne, sai dai kamar yadda aka gani. Duk abubuwan da aka shigar sun wuce-voltage kiyayewa zuwa ± 15 V.
Ya kamata a saita ƙarfin IEC a cikin naúrar zuwa daidaitaccen voltage don kasar ku. Da fatan za a duba rataye D don umarni kan canza wutar lantarki voltage idan ana bukata.
A IN, B IN Kuskuren shigar da siginar tashoshi A da B, yawanci masu gano hoto. Babban impedance, kewayon ƙididdiga ± 2 5 V. Channel B ba a amfani da shi sai dai idan an saita CHB a gaban panel zuwa PD.
WUTA A, B Ƙarfin amo DC don masu gano hoto; ± 12 V, 125 mA, wanda aka kawo ta hanyar haɗin M8 (lambar ɓangaren TE Connectivity 2-2172067-2, Digikey A121939-ND, 3-way namiji). Mai jituwa tare da MOGLabs PDA da Thorlabs photodetectors. Don amfani da madaidaicin igiyoyin M8, misaliample Digikey 277-4264-ND. Tabbatar cewa an kashe na'urori na hoto lokacin da ake haɗa su da kayan wuta don hana fitowar layin su.
SAMU CIKIN Voltage-sarrafa madaidaicin riba mai sauri, ± 1 V, daidai da cikakken kewayon ƙulli na gaba-gaba. Yana maye gurbin gaban-panel FAST GAIN iko lokacin da aka kunna DIP1.
SWEEP A waje ramp shigarwa yana ba da damar yin sikanin mita na sabani, 0 zuwa 2.5 V. Sigina dole ne ya haye 1.25 V, wanda ke bayyana tsakiyar sharewa da madaidaicin wurin kullewa.
10
Babi na 2. Haɗi da sarrafawa
3 4
1 + 12 V
1
3-12 V
4V ku
Hoto 2.1: M8 mai haɗa pinout don WUTA A, B.
MOD IN Shigar da na'ura mai girma-bandwidth, ƙara kai tsaye zuwa fitarwa mai sauri, ± 1 V idan DIP4 yana kunne. Lura cewa idan DIP4 yana kunne, MOD IN ya kamata a haɗa shi da wadata, ko kuma a ƙare da kyau.
SAURAN Fitar da siginar sarrafawa a hankali, 0 V zuwa 2.5 V. Kullum ana haɗa shi da direban piezo ko wani mai kunnawa jinkirin.
KYAUTA Fitar siginar sarrafawa da sauri, ± 2 5 V. Kullum ana haɗa shi da allurar diode na yanzu, acousto- ko electro-optic modulator, ko sauran mai kunnawa mai sauri.
LABARIN 1, 2 Zaɓaɓɓen fitowar sigina don saka idanu.
TRIG Ƙananan zuwa babban fitarwa na TTL a cibiyar shara, 1M.
LOCK IN duban TTL / kulawar kulle; 3.5 mm mai haɗa sitiriyo, hagu/dama (filin 2, 3) don kulle-kulle a hankali/sauri; ƙananan (ƙasa) yana aiki (kunna kulle). Scan gaban-bangaren dubawa/maɓallin kulle dole ne ya kasance akan SCAN don LOCK IN don yin tasiri. Digikey USB CP-2207-ND yana ba da filogi na 3.5 mm tare da iyakar waya; ja don jinkirin kullewa, baƙar fata don kulle mai sauri, kuma baƙar fata don ƙasa.
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1 Kasa 2 Kulle mai sauri 3 Kulle a hankali
Hoto 2.2: 3.5 mm mai haɗa sitiriyo pinout don sarrafa TTL scan/kulle.
2.3 Maɓallan DIP na ciki
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2.3 Maɓallan DIP na ciki
Akwai maɓallan DIP da yawa na ciki waɗanda ke ba da ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka, duk an saita su zuwa KASHI ta tsohuwa.
GARGADI Akwai yuwuwar fallasa zuwa babban voltages a cikin FSC, musamman a kusa da wutar lantarki.
KASHE
1 Saurin riba
Kullin gaban-panel
2 Sannun martani Mai haɗawa ɗaya
3 Biyayya
Ramp don rage gudu kawai
4 Mod na waje An Kashe
5 Maimaitawa
Na al'ada
6 Zazzage
M
7 Mai saurin haɗawa DC
8 Saurin biya
0
AKAN siginar waje Mai haɗawa biyu Ramp don azumi da jinkirin An kunna Kafaffen a tsakiyar madaidaicin AC -1 V
DIP 1 Idan ON, an ƙayyade riba mai sauri ta hanyar yuwuwar da aka yi amfani da ita ga mai haɗin baya-baya GAIN A maimakon maɓalli FAST GAIN na gaba.
DIP 2 Slow servo shine mai haɗawa ɗaya (KASHE) ko sau biyu (ON). Ya kamata a KASHE idan ana amfani da "hanyar gida" jinkirin da yanayin aiki na servo.
DIP 3 Idan ON, samar da halin yanzu son zuciya daidai da jinkirin fitarwar servo don hana yanayin-hops. Kunna kawai idan mai sarrafa Laser bai riga ya ba da shi ba. Ya kamata a KASHE lokacin da ake amfani da FSC tare da MOGLabs DLC.
DIP 4 Idan ON, yana ba da damar daidaitawa ta waje ta hanyar haɗin MOD IN akan rukunin baya. Ana ƙara haɓakawa kai tsaye zuwa FAST OUT. Lokacin da aka kunna amma ba a amfani da shi, dole ne a ƙare shigarwar MOD IN don hana halayen da ba a so.
DIP 5 Idan ON, yana kashe maɓalli na gaban-panel kuma yana gyara kashewa zuwa tsakiya. Mai amfani a yanayin shara na waje, don gujewa bazata
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Babi na 2. Haɗi da sarrafawa
canza mitar Laser ta hanyar bumping ƙwanƙwasa.
DIP 6 Yana juyar da alkiblar shara.
DIP 7 Mai sauri AC. Yakamata yawanci ya kasance ON, ta yadda siginar kuskuren sauri shine AC haɗe zuwa servos na amsawa, tare da tsayayyen lokaci na 40 ms (25 Hz).
DIP 8 Idan ON, ana ƙara kashe-1 V zuwa fitarwa mai sauri. DIP8 yakamata a kashe lokacin da ake amfani da FSC tare da laser MOGLabs.
madaukakan sarrafa martani
FSC tana da tashoshi guda biyu masu daidaitawa waɗanda zasu iya fitar da masu kunnawa guda biyu lokaci guda: mai kunnawa "jinkirin", yawanci ana amfani dashi don canza mitar laser da adadi mai yawa akan jinkirin lokaci, da mai kunnawa "sauri" na biyu. FSC tana ba da madaidaicin iko na kowane stage na madauki na servo, da kuma sharewa (ramp) janareta da saka idanu mai dacewa.
INPUT
INPUT
+
AC
Kuskure OFFSET
DC
A IN
A
0v
+
B
B IN
0v + ku
VREF
0v
CHB
FAST SIGN Mai sauri AC [7] toshe DC
SANIN ALAMAR
MODULATION & SWEEP
RATE
Ramp
INT/EXT
Zurfafa [6] SHIGA
SPAN
0v
+
OFFSET
Mod IN
0v
Mod [4]
0v
Kafaffen biya [5]
0v
GASKIYA
0v 0v
+
BIAS
0v 0v
Son zuciya [3]
LOCK IN (SAURI) LOCK IN (SINANKALI) AZUMI = LOCK Slow = LOCK
LF sharar gida
SANARWA +
SERVO mai sauri
SAMU CIKIN SAURI
Riba na waje [1] P
+
I
+
0v
NESTED
AZUMI = LOCK IN (SAURI)
D
0v
SERVO SAUKI
Kuskure sannu a hankali Samun SAMUN SAUKI
SAURAN INT
#1
LF sharar gida
SAURAN INT
+
#2
0v
Mai haɗawa biyu [2]
SANIN KAI
Hoto 3.1: Tsarin tsarin MOGLabs FSC. Alamun kore suna nufin sarrafawa a kan gaban-panel da bayanai akan bangon baya, launin ruwan kasa sune masu sauya DIP na ciki, kuma shunayya sune abubuwan da aka fitar akan bangon baya.
13
14
Babi na 3. madaukai na sarrafa martani
3.1 Shigarwa stage
Shigarwar stage na FSC (siffa 3.2) yana haifar da siginar kuskure kamar VERR = VA - VB - VOFFSET. Ana ɗaukar VA daga mai haɗin SMA na "A IN", kuma an saita VB ta amfani da maɓallin zaɓi na CHB, wanda ke zaɓar tsakanin haɗin "B IN" SMA, VB = 0 ko VB = VREF kamar yadda aka saita ta kusa da trimpot.
Mai sarrafawa yana aiki don ba da siginar kuskure zuwa sifili, wanda ke bayyana wurin kullewa. Wasu aikace-aikacen na iya amfana daga ƙananan gyare-gyare zuwa matakin DC don daidaita wannan maɓallin kulle, wanda za'a iya samu tare da 10-juya ƙulli ERR OFFSET har zuwa ± 0 1 V motsi, idan an saita mai zaɓin INPUT zuwa yanayin "offset" (). Za'a iya samun manyan lada tare da trimpot REF.
INPUT
INPUT
+ AC
Kuskure OFFSET
DC
A IN
A
0v
+
B
B IN
ALAMOMIN AZUMI Mai sauri AC [7] FE AZUMI ERR
DC block
Kuskure mai sauri
0v + ku
VREF
0v
CHB
SANIN ALAMAR
Kuskuren Slow SE Slow ERR
Hoto 3.2: Tsarin shigarwar FSC stage nuna hada biyu, biya diyya da polarity controls. Hexagons ana samun sigina masu saka idanu ta hanyar maɓallan masu zaɓin gaban-panel.
3.2 Slow madauki na servo
Hoto 3.3 yana nuna tsarin jinkirin amsawa na FSC. A m riba stage ana sarrafa shi tare da maɓalli na gaban-Slow GAIN. Ayyukan mai sarrafawa shine ko dai guda-ko mai haɗawa biyu
3.2 Slow madauki na servo
15
dangane da ko an kunna DIP2. Ana sarrafa jinkirin lokaci mai haɗa haɗin kai daga gunkin gaban SLOW INT ƙulli, wanda aka lakafta shi dangane da mitar kusurwa mai alaƙa.
SERVO SAUKI
Kuskure sannu a hankali Samun SAMUN SAUKI
Masu haɗaka
SAURAN INT
#1
LF sharar gida
SAURAN INT
+
#2
0v
Mai haɗawa biyu [2]
SANIN KAI
LF SANARWA
Hoto 3.3: Tsarin jinkirin amsa I/I2 servo. Hexagons ana samun siginar sa ido ta hanyar maɓallan zaɓi na gaba-gaba.
Tare da mai haɗawa guda ɗaya, riba tana ƙaruwa tare da ƙananan mitar Fourier, tare da gangara na 20 dB a kowace shekara goma. Ƙara mai haɗawa ta biyu yana ƙara gangara zuwa 40 dB a cikin shekaru goma, yana rage tsawon lokaci mai tsawo tsakanin madaidaicin madaidaicin matsayi. Ƙara yawan riba mai nisa yana haifar da oscillation yayin da mai sarrafawa ya "yi yawa" don canje-canje a siginar kuskure. A saboda wannan dalili, wani lokacin yana da amfani don ƙuntata riba na madauki na sarrafawa a ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan, inda babban amsa zai iya haifar da yanayin laser.
Mai jinkirin servo yana ba da babban kewayo don rama ɗimbin ɗimbin ɗimbin ɗimbin ɗimbin yawa da ɓacin rai, kuma mai saurin kunnawa yana da ƙaramin kewayo amma babban bandwidth don rama rikice-rikice masu sauri. Yin amfani da mai haɗawa biyu yana tabbatar da cewa jinkirin servo yana da rinjayen amsawa a ƙananan mita.
Don aikace-aikacen da ba su haɗa da keɓaɓɓen mai kunna jinkirin ba, ana iya ƙara siginar sarrafa jinkirin (kuskuren haɗin kai guda ɗaya ko sau biyu) zuwa cikin sauri ta hanyar saita SLOW canzawa zuwa “NESTED”. A cikin wannan yanayin ana ba da shawarar cewa mai haɗawa biyu a cikin tashar jinkirin za a kashe shi tare da DIP2 don hana haɗin kai sau uku.
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Babi na 3. madaukai na sarrafa martani
3.2.1 Auna jinkirin amsawar servo
An ƙera madaidaicin madauki na servo don jinkirin ramuwa. Don lura da jinkirin amsawar madauki:
1. Saita MONITOR 1 zuwa Slow ERR kuma haɗa abin fitarwa zuwa oscilloscope.
2. Saita MONITOR 2 zuwa SAUKI da haɗa kayan aiki zuwa oscilloscope.
3. Sanya INPUT zuwa (yanayin kashewa) da CHB zuwa 0.
4. Daidaita kullin ERR OFFSET har sai matakin DC da aka nuna akan Slow ERR Monitor yana kusa da sifili.
5. Daidaita kullin FREQ OFFSET har sai matakin DC da aka nuna akan SLOW Monitor yana kusa da sifili.
6. Saita volts a kowane rabo akan oscilloscope zuwa 10mV kowace rabo don tashoshi biyu.
7. Shiga jinkirin madauki na servo ta saita yanayin SANARWA zuwa LOCK.
8. A hankali daidaita kullin ERR OFFSET kamar yadda matakin DC da aka nuna akan Slow ERR Monitor yana motsawa sama da ƙasa da sifili ta 10 mV.
9. Kamar yadda siginar kuskuren haɗin gwiwar ya canza alamar, za ku lura da jinkirin canjin fitarwa ta 250 mV.
Yi la'akari da cewa lokacin amsawa don jinkirin servo don motsawa zuwa iyakarsa ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa ciki har da jinkirin riba, jinkirin lokaci mai haɗawa, haɗin kai ɗaya ko sau biyu, da girman siginar kuskure.
3.2 Slow madauki na servo
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3.2.2 Sannun fitarwa voltage swing (kawai don jerin FSC A04… da ƙasa)
An saita fitowar jinkirin madauki mai sarrafa servo don kewayon 0 zuwa 2.5 V don dacewa tare da MOGLabs DLC. shigarwar sarrafa piezo DLC SWEEP tana da voltage samun 48 don haka matsakaicin shigarwar 2.5 V yana haifar da 120 V akan piezo. Lokacin da jinkirin madauki na servo ke aiki, jinkirin fitarwa zai yi lilo kawai ta ± 25 mV dangane da ƙimar sa kafin haɗin gwiwa. Wannan iyakancewa na niyya ne, don guje wa hops yanayin laser. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da jinkirin fitarwa na FSC tare da MOGLabs DLC, motsi na 50 mV a cikin fitarwa na tashar jinkirin FSC yayi daidai da 2.4 V a cikin piezo vol.tage wanda yayi daidai da canji a mitar Laser na kusa da 0.5 zuwa 1 GHz, kwatankwacin kewayon sifofi na kyauta na kogon tunani.
Don amfani tare da masu kula da Laser daban-daban, babban canji a cikin kulle jinkirin fitarwa na FSC ana iya kunna ta ta hanyar canji mai sauƙi. Riba akan fitarwa na madauki na jinkirin ra'ayi an bayyana shi ta R82/R87, rabon resistors R82 (500) da R87 (100 k). Don ƙara jinkirin fitarwa, ƙara R82/R87, mafi sauƙin cimma ta hanyar rage R87 ta piggybacking wani resistor a layi daya (kunshin SMD, girman 0402). Domin misaliample, ƙara 30 k resistor a layi daya tare da 100 k resistor na yanzu zai ba da ingantaccen juriya na 23k yana samar da karuwa a cikin jinkirin fitarwa daga ± 25 mV zuwa ± 125 mV. Hoto 3.4 yana nuna tsarin FSC PCB a kusa da opamp U16.
R329
U16
C36
Saukewa: C362R85R331C44R87
C71
C35
R81 R82
Hoto 3.4: Tsarin FSC PCB a kusa da jinkirin riba na ƙarsheamp U16, tare da ribar saitin resistors R82 da R87 (dawafi); Babban darajar 0402.
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Babi na 3. madaukai na sarrafa martani
3.3 Madaidaicin madaidaicin servo
Sabis ɗin amsa mai sauri (siffa 3.5) shine madauki PID-madauki wanda ke ba da madaidaiciyar iko akan kowane madaidaicin (P), haɗin kai (I) da bambance-bambance (D) abubuwan amsawa, gami da fa'idar gabaɗayan tsarin. Fitar da sauri na FSC na iya juyawa daga -2.5 V zuwa 2.5 V wanda, lokacin da aka saita shi tare da MOGLabs cavity diode laser na waje, na iya samar da lilo a halin yanzu na ± 2.5 mA.
SERVO mai sauri
SAMU CIKIN
Riba na waje [1]
SAMUN TSARI
Kuskure mai sauri
Sarrafa hankali
0v
+ NESTED
AZUMI = LOCK IN (SAURI)
PI
D
0v
+
Saurin sarrafawa
Hoto 3.5: Tsarin amsa mai sauri servo PID mai sarrafa.
Hoto 3.6 yana nuna makircin ra'ayi na aikin duka madaukai masu sauri da jinkirin servo. A ƙananan mitoci, madauki mai haɗawa da sauri (I) ya mamaye. Don hana madaidaicin madaidaicin servo akan-masu amsawa ga ƙananan mitar (acoustic) hargitsi na waje, ana amfani da iyakacin ƙarancin mitar riba mai ƙarfi ta hanyar GAIN LIMIT knob.
A mitoci na tsaka-tsaki (10 kHz1 MHz) ra'ayoyin (P) sun mamaye. Mitar kusurwar haɗin kai wanda daidaitaccen martani ya wuce hadedde amsa ana sarrafa shi ta kullin FAST INT. Gabaɗayan ribar P madauki an saita shi ta hanyar FAST GAIN trimpot, ko ta siginar sarrafawa ta waje ta hanyar mai haɗin baya-GAIN IN.
3.3 Madaidaicin madaidaicin servo
19
60
Sami (dB)
Babban mitoci. cutoff Biyu integrator
AZUMI INT KYAUTA
FAST DIFF DIFF GAIN (iyaka)
40
20
Mai haɗawa
0
FAST LF GAIN (iyaka)
Mai haɗawa
Daidaito
Mai bambanta
Tace
SAURAN INT
20101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
Mitar ta huɗu [Hz]
Hoto 3.6: Makircin Bode na Hannu yana nuna aikin masu sarrafa azumi (ja) da jinkirin (blue). Mai jinkirin mai sarrafawa ko dai guda ɗaya ne ko mai haɗawa biyu tare da mitar kusurwa mai daidaitacce. Mai sarrafawa mai sauri shine madaidaicin PID tare da mitocin kusurwa masu daidaitacce da samun iyaka a ƙananan ƙananan mitoci. In ba haka ba za a iya kashe mai bambancewa kuma a maye gurbin shi da matattara mai ƙarancin wucewa.
Maɗaukakin mitoci (1 MHz) yawanci suna buƙatar madaidaicin madaidaicin don rinjaye don ingantaccen kullewa. Bambance-bambancen yana ba da ramuwa mai ƙarewa don ƙarshen lokacin amsawa na tsarin kuma yana da riba wanda ke ƙaruwa a 20 dB a kowace shekara goma. Za'a iya daidaita mitar kusurwar madauki na bambance-bambance ta hanyar FAST DIFF/FILTER knob don sarrafa mitar da ra'ayin bambance-bambance ya mamaye. Idan FAST DIFF/FILTER an saita zuwa KASHE, to an kashe madaidaicin madauki kuma ra'ayin ya kasance daidai da mitoci mafi girma. Don hana oscillation da iyakance tasirin amo mai girma lokacin da aka kunna madauki na ra'ayi daban-daban, akwai iyakataccen riba mai daidaitacce, DIFF GAIN, wanda ke ƙuntata mai bambanta a manyan mitoci.
Ba a buƙatar mai bambanta sau da yawa, kuma mai biyan diyya na iya samun fa'ida daga ƙarancin wucewa ta hanyar servo mai sauri don ƙara rage tasirin amo. Juyawa KYAUTA MAI GIRMA
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Babi na 3. madaukai na sarrafa martani
danna gaba da agogo daga wurin KASHE don saita mitar kashewa don yanayin tacewa.
Mai sauri servo yana da nau'ikan aiki guda uku: SCAN, SCAN+P da LOCK. Lokacin da aka saita zuwa SCAN, an kashe martani kuma ana amfani da son zuciya kawai ga fitarwa mai sauri. Lokacin da aka saita zuwa SCAN + P, ana amfani da ra'ayi na daidaici, wanda ke ba da damar ƙayyade alamar servo mai sauri da riba yayin da mitar Laser ke ci gaba da dubawa, yana sauƙaƙe tsarin kullewa da daidaitawa (duba §4.2). A cikin yanayin LOCK, an dakatar da binciken kuma an aiwatar da cikakken bayanin PID.
3.3.1 Auna amsawar servo mai sauri
Bangarorin biyu masu zuwa suna bayyana ma'auni na daidaitattun ra'ayi da bambancin ra'ayi ga canje-canje a siginar kuskure. Yi amfani da janareta na aiki don kwaikwayi siginar kuskure, da oscilloscope don auna amsa.
1. Haɗa MONITOR 1, 2 zuwa oscilloscope, kuma saita masu zaɓe zuwa FAST ERR da FAST .
2. Sanya INPUT zuwa (yanayin kashewa) da CHB zuwa 0.
3. Haɗa janareta na aiki zuwa shigarwar CHA.
4. Sanya janareta na aiki don samar da igiyoyin sine na 100 Hz na 20 mV kololuwa zuwa kololuwa.
5. Daidaita kullin ERR OFFSET kamar yadda siginar kuskuren sinusoidal, kamar yadda aka gani akan FAST ERR duba, yana tsakiya game da sifili.
3.3.2 Auna madaidaicin amsa · Rage tazarar zuwa sifili ta hanyar juya kullin SPAN gabaɗaya gabaɗaya.
Saita FAST zuwa SCAN+P don shigar da madaidaicin ra'ayi.
3.3 Madaidaicin madaidaicin servo
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A kan oscilloscope, saurin fitowar FSC ya kamata ya nuna sine 100 Hz.
· Daidaita kullin FAST GAIN don bambanta daidaitattun ribar servo mai sauri har sai abin da aka fitar ya zama iri ɗaya. amplitude a matsayin shigarwa.
· Don auna mitar amsawar amsa daidai gwargwado, daidaita mitar janareta na aiki kuma saka idanu akan amplitude na FAST fitarwa amsa. Domin misaliample, ƙara mitar har zuwa amplitude ya ragu, don nemo mitar riba -3 dB.
3.3.3 Auna martanin banbanta
1. Saita FAST INT zuwa KASHE don kashe madauki mai haɗawa.
2. Saita FAST GAIN zuwa haɗin kai ta amfani da matakan da aka bayyana a cikin sashin da ke sama.
3. Saita DIFF GAIN zuwa 0 dB.
4. Saita FAST DIFF/FILTER zuwa 100 kHz.
5. Shake mitar janareta na aiki daga 100 kHz zuwa 3 MHz kuma saka idanu da fitar da FAST.
6. Yayin da kuke share mitar siginar kuskure, yakamata ku ga ribar haɗin kai a kowane mitoci.
7. Saita DIFF GAIN zuwa 24 dB.
8. Yanzu yayin da kake share mitar siginar kuskure, ya kamata ka lura da karuwar 20 dB a kowace shekara goma bayan 100 kHz wanda zai fara farawa a 1 MHz, yana nuna op.amp iyakokin bandwidth.
Za a iya canza ribar fitarwa mai sauri ta hanyar canza dabi'un resistor, amma kewayawa ya fi rikitarwa fiye da jinkirin amsawa (§3.2.2). Tuntuɓi MOGLabs don ƙarin bayani idan an buƙata.
22
Babi na 3. madaukai na sarrafa martani
3.4 Modulation da dubawa
Ana sarrafa sikanin Laser ta hanyar janareta mai sharewa ta ciki ko siginar sharewa ta waje. Sharar gida shine sawtooth tare da madaidaicin lokaci kamar yadda aka saita ta wurin sauyawar matsayi huɗu na ciki (App. C), da RATE mai juyi-juya-juya a gaban-panel.
Madaidaicin madaukai masu sauri da jinkirin servo ana iya yin aiki daban-daban ta siginar TTL zuwa maɓallan gaban-panel masu alaƙa. Saita ko dai madauki zuwa LOCK yana dakatar da sharewa kuma yana kunna daidaitawa.
MODULATION & SWEEP
INT/EXT
GASKIYA
RATE
Ramp
Zurfafa [6] SHIGA
SPAN
0v
+
OFFSET
0v
0v
Kafaffen biya [5]
Saurin sarrafawa MOD IN
Mod [4]
0v
0v 0v
+
BIAS
0v 0v
Son zuciya [3]
KYAUTA (SAURI)
LOKACI (SINKAI)
AZUMI = LOCK SOW = LOCK
RAMP RA
LF sharar gida
BIAS BS
SANARWA +
HF FAST
Hoto 3.7: Sweep, gyare-gyare na waje, da nuna son kai na yanzu.
A ramp Hakanan za'a iya ƙarawa zuwa fitarwa mai sauri ta hanyar kunna DIP3 da daidaitawa trimpot BIAS, amma yawancin masu kula da laser (kamar MOGLabs DLC) za su haifar da halin yanzu mai mahimmanci dangane da siginar jinkirin servo, a cikin wannan yanayin ba lallai ba ne don samar da shi a cikin FSC.
4. Aikace-aikace misaliample: Pound-Drever Hall kulle
Ainihin aikace-aikacen FSC shine mitar-kulle laser zuwa rami mai gani ta amfani da dabarar PDH (fig. 4.1). Kogon yana aiki azaman mai nuna wariya, kuma FSC tana riƙe da Laser akan ramuwa tare da rami ta hanyar sarrafa Laser piezo da halin yanzu ta hanyar SLOW da FAST ɗin sa bi da bi, yana rage layin Laser. Ana samun bayanin bayanin aikace-aikacen daban (AN002) wanda ke ba da cikakkiyar shawara mai amfani kan aiwatar da na'urar PDH.
Oscilloscope
GASKIYA
CH1
CH2
Laser
Mod na yanzu Piezo SMA
EOM
PBS
PD
Mai sarrafa DLC
PZT MOD
AC
Farashin LPF
LABARIN 2 MULKI 1 KULLUM
Sweep IN RUWA
B IN
A IN
Serial:
GASKIYA
KYAUTA SANIN KYAU MOD IN
WUTA B WUTA A
Hoto 4.1: Sauƙaƙen ƙira don kulle rami na PDH ta amfani da FSC. Modulator na electro-optic (EOM) yana haifar da maɓalli na gefe, waɗanda ke hulɗa tare da rami, suna haifar da tunani wanda aka auna akan photodetector (PD). Ƙaddamar da siginar hoto yana samar da siginar kuskuren PDH.
Ana iya amfani da wasu hanyoyi daban-daban don haifar da alamun kuskure, waɗanda ba za a tattauna su a nan ba. Sauran wannan babin yana bayanin yadda ake samun makulli da zarar an sami siginar kuskure.
23
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Babi na 4. Aikace-aikace example: Pound-Drever Hall kulle
4.1 Laser da saitin mai sarrafawa
FSC yana dacewa da nau'ikan laser da masu sarrafawa, muddin an daidaita su daidai don yanayin aiki da ake so. Lokacin tuƙi ECDL (kamar MOGLabs CEL ko LDL lasers), buƙatun laser da mai sarrafawa sune kamar haka:
· Motsi mai girma-bandwidth kai tsaye zuwa cikin babban allo na Laser ko na'ura mai daidaitawa lokaci.
· High-voltage piezo iko daga siginar sarrafawa na waje.
· Ƙirƙirar ciyarwar gaba ("bias current") don lasers waɗanda ke buƙatar son zuciya na 1 mA a duk faɗin binciken su. FSC tana da ikon haifar da son zuciya a halin yanzu amma ana iya iyakance kewayon ta na'urorin lantarki na kai ko jikewa na zamani, don haka yana iya zama dole a yi amfani da son zuciya da mai sarrafa Laser ya bayar.
MOGLabs Laser masu kula da allon kai ana iya daidaita su cikin sauƙi don cimma halayen da ake buƙata, kamar yadda aka bayyana a ƙasa.
4.1.1 Tsarin allon kai
Laser MOGLabs sun haɗa da allon kai na ciki wanda ke musanya abubuwan haɗin gwiwa tare da mai sarrafawa. Ana buƙatar allon kai wanda ya haɗa da saurin canji na yanzu ta hanyar haɗin SMA don aiki tare da FSC. Ya kamata a haɗa allon kai tsaye zuwa FSC FAST OUT.
Ana ba da shawarar babban allo na B1240 don matsakaicin bandwidth na daidaitawa, ko da yake B1040 da B1047 abubuwan da aka yarda da su don lasers waɗanda basu dace da B1240 ba. Allon kai yana da adadin jumpers da yawa waɗanda dole ne a saita su don shigar da DC tare da buffered (BUF), inda ya dace.
4.2 Samun makullin farko
25
4.1.2 DLC sanyi
Kodayake ana iya saita FSC don sharewar ciki ko na waje, yana da sauƙi mafi sauƙi don amfani da yanayin sharewar ciki kuma saita DLC azaman na'urar bawa kamar haka:
1. Haɗa SWEEP OUT zuwa SWEEP/PZT MOD akan DLC.
2. Kunna DIP9 (sharar waje) akan DLC. Tabbatar cewa DIP13 da DIP14 sun kashe.
3. Kashe DIP3 (Bias generation) na FSC. DLC ta atomatik tana haifar da son kai na ciyarwa na yanzu daga shigarwar sharewa, don haka ba lallai ba ne a haifar da son zuciya a cikin FSC.
4. Saita SPAN akan DLC zuwa iyakar (cikakken agogon agogo).
5. Saita FREQUENCY akan DLC zuwa sifili ta amfani da nunin LCD don nuna Frequency.
6. Tabbatar cewa SWEEP akan FSC shine INT.
7. Saita FREQ OFFSET zuwa tsakiyar kewayon kuma SPAN don cika akan FSC kuma kula da sikanin laser.
8. Idan sikanin yana cikin hanyar da ba daidai ba, juya DIP4 na FSC ko DIP11 na DLC.
Yana da mahimmanci kada kullin SPAN na DLC ba a daidaita shi da zarar an saita shi kamar yadda yake sama, saboda zai tasiri madaidaicin amsa kuma yana iya hana FSC daga kullewa. Ya kamata a yi amfani da sarrafa FSC don daidaita shara.
4.2 Samun makullin farko
Ana iya amfani da ikon sarrafa SPAN da OFFSET na FSC don daidaita laser don share wurin kulle da ake so (misali ramin rami) da zuƙowa cikin ƙarami na dubawa a kusa da resonance. Masu biyowa
26
Babi na 4. Aikace-aikace example: Pound-Drever Hall kulle
Matakai suna kwatanta tsarin da ake buƙata don cimma tsayayyen kullewa. Ƙimar da aka jera suna nuni ne, kuma za a buƙaci a daidaita su don takamaiman aikace-aikace. Ana ba da ƙarin shawara game da haɓaka kullewa a cikin §4.3.
4.2.1 Kulle tare da saurin amsawa
1. Haɗa siginar kuskure zuwa shigarwar A IN akan rukunin baya.
2. Tabbatar cewa siginar kuskure shine tsari na 10 mVpp.
3. Sanya INPUT zuwa (yanayin kashewa) da CHB zuwa 0.
4. Saita MONITOR 1 zuwa ERR mai sauri kuma duba akan oscilloscope. Daidaita kullin ERR OFFSET har sai matakin DC da aka nuna ya zama sifili. Idan babu buƙatar yin amfani da kullin ERROR OFFSET don daidaita matakin DC na siginar kuskure, ana iya saita maɓallin INPUT zuwa DC kuma kullin OFFSET ɗin ERROR ba zai yi tasiri ba, yana hana daidaitawar haɗari.
5. Rage SAMUN AZUMI zuwa sifili.
6. Saita FAST zuwa SCAN+P, saita SLOW zuwa SCAN, da gano abin da yake magana ta amfani da sarrafa sharewa.
7. Ƙara KYAU KYAU har sai an ga siginar kuskure don "miƙewa" kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi 4.2. Idan ba a lura da wannan ba, juya KYAUTA MAI KYAU kuma a sake gwadawa.
8. Saita FAST DIFF zuwa KASHE kuma GAIN LIMIT zuwa 40. Rage FAST INT zuwa 100 kHz.
9. Saita yanayin FAST zuwa LOCK kuma mai sarrafawa zai kulle zuwa sifili-ƙetare siginar kuskure. Yana iya zama dole a yi ƙananan gyare-gyare zuwa FREQ OFFSET don kulle laser.
10. Haɓaka kulle ta hanyar daidaita FAST GAIN da FAST INT yayin lura da siginar kuskure. Yana iya zama dole a sake kulle servo bayan daidaita mai haɗawa.
4.2 Samun makullin farko
27
Hoto 4.2: Binciken Laser tare da ra'ayoyin P-kawai akan fitarwa mai sauri yayin da ake bincika jinkirin fitarwa yana haifar da siginar kuskure (orange) don haɓaka lokacin da alamar da samun daidai (dama). A cikin aikace-aikacen PDH, watsa kogon (blue) shima za a tsawaita.
11. Wasu aikace-aikacen na iya amfana ta ƙara FAST DIFF don inganta amsawar madauki, amma wannan yawanci ba a buƙata don cimma kullewar farko.
4.2.2 Kulle tare da jinkirin amsawa
Da zarar an sami kulle-kulle tare da saurin daidaitaccen ra'ayi da ra'ayin haɗin kai, jinkirin amsa ya kamata a shagaltar da shi don yin lissafin jinkirin drifts da hankali ga ƙananan ƙarar ƙarar sauti.
1. Saita SAURAN SAUKI zuwa tsakiyar kewayon da Slow INT zuwa 100 Hz.
2. Saita yanayin FAST zuwa SCAN + P don buɗe laser, kuma daidaita SPAN da OFFSET don ku iya ganin ƙetare sifili.
3. Saita MONITOR 2 zuwa SAUKI ERR kuma duba akan oscilloscope. Daidaita trimpot kusa da ERR OFFSET don kawo siginar kuskuren jinkirin zuwa sifili. Daidaita wannan trimpot zai shafi matakin DC na siginar kuskure a hankali, ba siginar kuskure mai sauri ba.
4. Mayar da Laser ta hanyar saita yanayin FAST zuwa LOCK da yin kowane ƙaramin gyare-gyare masu mahimmanci zuwa FREQ OFFSET don kulle laser.
28
Babi na 4. Aikace-aikace example: Pound-Drever Hall kulle
5. Saita yanayin SANARWA zuwa LOCK kuma lura da jinkirin siginar kuskure. Idan jinkirin servo yana kulle, matakin DC na kuskuren jinkirin na iya canzawa. Idan wannan ya faru, lura da sabon ƙimar siginar kuskure, saita SLOW baya zuwa SCAN kuma yi amfani da ɓangarorin gyara kuskure don kawo siginar kuskuren da aka buɗe a hankali kusa da ƙimar kulle kuma gwada sake buɗe jinkirin kulle.
6. Maimaita mataki na baya na jinkirin kulle Laser, lura da canjin DC a cikin kuskuren jinkirin, da daidaita madaidaicin ɓangarorin kuskure har sai kun shiga jinkirin kulle baya haifar da canjin aunawa a cikin jinkirin kullewa tare da ƙimar siginar kuskure mai sauri.
Kuskuren ɓacin rai yana daidaita don ƙananan bambance-bambance (mV) a cikin saurin siginar kuskure da jinkirin. Daidaita trimpot yana tabbatar da cewa duka sauri da jinkirin kuskuren da'irori na ma'amala suna kulle Laser zuwa mitar iri ɗaya.
7. Idan servo ya buɗe nan da nan da shigar da jinkirin kullewa, gwada jujjuya ALAMAR SAUKI.
8. Idan jinkirin servo yana buɗewa nan da nan, rage jinkirin riba kuma sake gwadawa.
9. Da zarar an sami kwanciyar hankali jinkirin kulle tare da ERR OFFSET trimpot da aka saita daidai, daidaita Slow GAIN da SAURAN INT don ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali.
4.3 Ingantawa
Manufar servo ita ce kulle Laser zuwa sifili-ƙetare siginar kuskure, wanda zai zama sifili iri ɗaya idan an kulle shi. Hayaniyar siginar kuskure shine ma'aunin ingancin kullewa. Binciken Spectrum na siginar kuskure kayan aiki ne mai ƙarfi don fahimta da haɓaka ra'ayi. Ana iya amfani da masu nazarin bakan RF amma suna da tsada a kwatankwacinsu kuma suna da iyakataccen kewayo mai ƙarfi. Kyakkyawan katin sauti (24-bit 192 kHz, misali Lynx L22)
4.3 Ingantawa
29
yana ba da nazarin amo har zuwa mitar Fourier na 96 kHz tare da kewayon 140 dB mai ƙarfi.
Da kyau za a yi amfani da na'urar nazarin bakan tare da mai ba da wariya mai zaman kanta wanda ba shi da damuwa ga jujjuyawar wutar lantarki [11]. Ana iya samun sakamako mai kyau ta hanyar sa ido kan siginar kuskuren madauki amma an fi son ma'aunin madauki, kamar auna watsa rami a aikace-aikacen PDH. Don tantance siginar kuskure, haɗa mai nazarin bakan zuwa ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan MONITOR da aka saita zuwa FAST ERR.
Makullin babban bandwidth yawanci ya haɗa da farko cimma madaidaicin kulle ta amfani da servo mai sauri kawai, sannan amfani da jinkirin servo don inganta kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci. Ana buƙatar jinkirin servo don rama raɗaɗin zafin zafi da ɓacin rai, wanda zai haifar da yanayin hop idan an biya diyya tare da halin yanzu kaɗai. Sabanin haka, dabarun kullewa masu sauƙi kamar cikakken sha'awar kallon kallo ana samun su ta hanyar fara samun kwanciyar hankali tare da jinkirin servo, sannan kuma amfani da servo mai sauri don rama juzu'i mafi girma kawai. Yana iya zama da amfani don tuntuɓar makircin Bode (siffa 4.3) lokacin fassara bakan siginar kuskure.
Lokacin inganta FSC, ana ba da shawarar fara haɓaka servo mai sauri ta hanyar nazarin siginar kuskure (ko watsa ta cikin rami), sannan jinkirin servo don rage hankali ga rikicewar waje. Musamman, yanayin SCAN+P yana ba da hanya mai dacewa don samun alamar amsa kuma samun kusan daidai.
Lura cewa cimma madaidaicin makullin mitar yana buƙatar ingantawa a hankali na abubuwa da yawa na na'urar, ba kawai sigogin FSC ba. Domin misaliample, saura ampdaidaitawar litude (RAM) a cikin na'urar PDH yana haifar da ɗigo a cikin siginar kuskure, wanda servo ba zai iya ramawa ba. Hakazalika, ƙarancin siginar-zuwa-amo rabo (SNR) zai ciyar da amo kai tsaye cikin Laser.
Musamman ma, babban riba na masu haɗawa yana nufin cewa kulle zai iya zama mai kula da madaukai na ƙasa a cikin sarkar sarrafa siginar, kuma
30
Babi na 4. Aikace-aikace example: Pound-Drever Hall kulle
a kula don kawar da su ko rage wadannan. Ƙasar FSC yakamata ta kasance kusa da yuwuwar zuwa duka mai sarrafa laser da duk wani kayan lantarki da ke da hannu wajen samar da siginar kuskure.
Hanya ɗaya don inganta servo mai sauri shine saita FAST DIFF zuwa KASHE da daidaita FAST GAIN, FAST INT da GAIN LIMIT don rage ƙarar matakin gwargwadon yiwuwa. Sa'an nan kuma inganta FAST DIFF da DIFF GAIN don rage yawan abubuwan haɓaka amo kamar yadda aka gani akan na'urar nazari. Lura cewa ana iya buƙatar canje-canje zuwa FAST GAIN da FAST INT don haɓaka makullin da zarar an gabatar da mai bambanta.
A wasu aikace-aikacen, siginar kuskure yana da iyakacin bandwidth kuma yana ƙunshe da ƙarar da ba ta da alaƙa kawai a manyan mitoci. A cikin irin wannan yanayin yana da kyawawa a iyakance aikin servo a manyan mitoci don hana haɗa wannan amo baya cikin siginar sarrafawa. Ana ba da zaɓin tacewa don rage saurin amsawar servo sama da takamaiman mitar. Wannan zaɓin ya keɓanta da juna-banbanta, kuma yakamata a gwada idan an ga mai bambanta ya karu.
60
Sami (dB)
Babban mitoci. cutoff Biyu integrator
AZUMI INT KYAUTA
FAST DIFF DIFF GAIN (iyaka)
40
20
Mai haɗawa
0
FAST LF GAIN (iyaka)
Mai haɗawa
Daidaito
Mai bambanta
Tace
SAURAN INT
20101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
Mitar ta huɗu [Hz]
Hoto 4.3: Makircin Bode na Hannu yana nuna aikin masu sarrafa azumi (ja) da jinkirin (blue). Ana daidaita mitoci na kusurwa da iyakoki na riba tare da kulli na gaba kamar yadda aka yi wa lakabin.
4.3 Ingantawa
31
amon da aka auna.
Sa'an nan kuma za a iya inganta jinkirin servo don rage yawan martanin da ake yi ga rikicewar waje. Ba tare da jinkirin servo madauki iyakar riba mai girma yana nufin cewa servo mai sauri zai amsa matsalolin waje (misali acoustic coupling) kuma sakamakon canji a halin yanzu na iya haifar da yanayin-hops a cikin Laser. Don haka yana da kyau a biya waɗannan canje-canjen (ƙananan mitar) a cikin piezo maimakon.
Daidaita SAUKI DA SAURAN INT ba lallai ba ne ya haifar da haɓakawa a cikin bakan siginar kuskure, amma idan an inganta shi zai rage azama ga rikicewar sauti da tsawaita rayuwar kullewa.
Hakazalika, kunna mai haɗawa biyu (DIP2) na iya inganta kwanciyar hankali ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa yawan ribar tsarin jinkirin servo ya fi girma fiye da servo mai sauri a waɗannan ƙananan mitoci. Koyaya, wannan na iya haifar da jinkirin servo don wuce gona da iri zuwa ƙananan rikice-rikice kuma ana ba da shawarar mai haɗawa biyu kawai idan ɗigon lokaci mai tsawo a halin yanzu yana lalata kulle.
32
Babi na 4. Aikace-aikace example: Pound-Drever Hall kulle
A. Bayani dalla-dalla
Siga
Ƙayyadaddun bayanai
Lokacin Samun bandwidth na lokaci (-3 dB) Jinkirin yaɗuwar bandwidth na daidaitawa na waje (-3 dB)
> 35 MHz <40 ns
35 MHz
Shigar da A IN, B A CIKIN SWEEP IN RUWA A Mod A LOCK IN
SMA.
Abubuwan shigar da analog ɗin sun yi yawatage kariya har zuwa ± 10 V. TTL abubuwan shigar suna ɗaukar <1 0 V a matsayin ƙasa,> 2 0 V mai girma. LOCK IN abubuwan shigarwa sune -0 5 V zuwa 7 V, ƙananan aiki, zane ±1 µA.
33
34
Karin Bayani A. Takaddun bayanai
Siga
Fitar SAUKI KYAUTA 1, 2 TRIG POWER A, B
Ƙayyadaddun bayanai
SMA, 50, 0 zuwa +2 5 V, BW 20 kHz SMA, 50, ± 2 5 V, BW> 20 MHz SMA, 50
Duk abubuwan da aka fitar an iyakance su zuwa ± 5 V. 50 abubuwan 50 mA max (125 mW, + 21 dBm).
Makanikai & iko
IEC shigarwar
110 zuwa 130V a 60Hz ko 220 zuwa 260V a 50Hz
Fuse
5x20mm yumbu anti-surge 230V/0.25 A ko 115V/0.63 A
Girma
W×H×D = 250 × 79 × 292 mm
Nauyi
2 kg
Amfani da wutar lantarki
<10 W
Shirya matsala
Mitar Laser B.1 baya dubawa
MOGLabs DLC tare da siginar sarrafa piezo na waje yana buƙatar siginar waje dole ne ta haye 1.25 V. Idan kun tabbata siginar sarrafa waje ta ketare 1.25 V tabbatar da waɗannan abubuwa:
· Tazarar DLC tana kusa da agogo. YAWAITA A DLC sifili ne (ta amfani da nunin LCD don saitawa
Mitar). DIP9 (sharar waje) na DLC yana kunne. DIP13 da DIP14 na DLC sun kashe. An saita maɓalli na maɓalli na DLC zuwa SCAN. An haɗa SWEEP / PZT MOD na SWEEP na FSC
Rahoton da aka ƙayyade na DLC. · SWEEP akan FSC shine INT. · Tsawon FSC yana kusa da agogo. Haɗa FSC MONITOR 1 zuwa oscilloscope, saita MONI-
TOR 1 zuwa RAMP kuma daidaita FREQ OFFSET har zuwa ramp yana tsakiyar kusan 1.25 V.
Idan cak ɗin da ke sama ba su warware matsalar ku ba, cire haɗin FSC daga DLC kuma tabbatar da cewa laser yana yin sikanin lokacin sarrafawa tare da DLC. Tuntuɓi MOGLabs don taimako idan ba a yi nasara ba.
35
36
Shafi B. Shirya matsala
B.2 Lokacin amfani da shigarwar daidaitawa, fitarwa mai sauri tana yawo zuwa babban voltage
Lokacin amfani da MOD IN ayyuka na FSC (wanda aka kunna DIP 4) saurin fitarwa zai yawanci yawo zuwa ingantaccen vol.tage dogo, kusan 4V. Tabbatar cewa MOD IN ya gajarta lokacin da ba a amfani da shi.
B.3 Manyan siginonin kuskure masu inganci
A wasu aikace-aikacen, siginar kuskuren da aikace-aikacen ya haifar na iya zama tabbatacce (ko mara kyau) kuma babba. A wannan yanayin, REF trimpot da ERR OFFSET bazai samar da isasshen canjin DC don tabbatar da makullin da ake so ya yi daidai da 0 V. A wannan yanayin duka CH A da CH B za a iya amfani da su tare da saitin INPUT zuwa , CH B saita zuwa PD kuma tare da DC vol.tage yi amfani da CH B don samar da biya da ake buƙata don tsakiyar wurin kullewa. A matsayin example, idan siginar kuskuren yana tsakanin 0 V da 5 V kuma maɓallin kulle ya kasance 2.5 V, to, haɗa siginar kuskuren zuwa CH A kuma yi amfani da 2.5 V zuwa CH B. Tare da saitin da ya dace alamar kuskuren zai kasance tsakanin -2 5 V zuwa +2 5 V.
B.4 Wurin fitarwa mai sauri a ± 0.625 V
Don yawancin MOGLabs ECDLs, voltage lilo na ± 0.625 V akan fitarwa mai sauri (daidai da ± 0.625 mA allura a cikin diode laser) ya fi abin da ake buƙata don kullewa zuwa rami na gani. A wasu aikace-aikace ana buƙatar babban kewayon fitarwa mai sauri. Ana iya ƙara wannan iyaka ta hanyar canjin resistor mai sauƙi. Da fatan za a tuntuɓi MOGLabs don ƙarin bayani idan an buƙata.
B.5 Jawabin yana buƙatar canza alamar
Idan polarity mai saurin amsawa ya canza, yawanci saboda laser ya shiga cikin yanayin yanayi da yawa (hanyoyin rami biyu na waje suna jujjuyawa lokaci guda). Daidaita Laser halin yanzu don samun aiki guda ɗaya, maimakon juyar da polarity na martani.
B.6 Saka idanu yana fitar da siginar kuskure
37
B.6 Saka idanu yana fitar da siginar kuskure
Yayin gwajin masana'anta, ana tabbatar da fitowar kowane kullin MONITOR. Koyaya, bayan lokaci saitin screws waɗanda ke riƙe ƙulli a matsayi na iya shakatawa kuma kullin na iya zamewa, yana haifar da kullin don nuna siginar da ba daidai ba. Don duba:
Haɗa abin da ake fitarwa na MONITOR zuwa oscilloscope.
· Juya kullin SPAN gabaɗaya zuwa agogo.
Juya MONITOR zuwa RAMP. Ya kamata ku lura yanzu aramping siginar akan tsari na 1 volt; idan ba ku yi ba to matsayin ƙulli ba daidai ba ne.
· Ko da kun lura arampA cikin sigina, matsayi na ƙulli na iya zama kuskure, kunna kullin wuri ɗaya fiye da agogo.
Ya kamata a yanzu kuna da ƙaramin sigina kusa da 0 V, kuma wataƙila kuna iya ganin ƙaramar ramp akan oscilloscope akan tsari na dubun mV. Daidaita trimpot na BIAS kuma yakamata ku ga ampdarajar wannan ramp canji.
Idan siginar da ke kan oscilloscope ya canza yayin da kuke daidaita maɓallin BIAS ɗin ku matsayin kullin MONITOR daidai ne; idan ba haka ba, to ana buƙatar gyara wurin kullin MONITOR.
Don gyara wurin kullin MONITOR, dole ne a fara gano siginar fitarwa ta hanyar amfani da irin wannan hanya zuwa sama, sannan za a iya jujjuya matsayin ƙulli ta hanyar sassauta screws guda biyu waɗanda ke riƙe da kullin a wuri, tare da maɓallin allan 1.5 mm ko direban ball.
B.7 Laser yana fuskantar jinkirin yanayin hops
Za'a iya haifar da hops yanayin sannu-sannu ta hanyar amsawar gani daga abubuwan gani tsakanin laser da rami, misaliample fiber couplers, ko daga cikin na gani rami kanta. Alamomin sun haɗa da mita
38
Shafi B. Shirya matsala
tsalle-tsalle na Laser-free-gudun kan jinkirin ma'auni, na tsari na 30s inda mitar laser ke tsalle da 10 zuwa 100 MHz. Tabbatar cewa Laser yana da isasshen keɓewar gani, shigar da wani mai keɓancewa idan ya cancanta, kuma toshe duk hanyoyin katako waɗanda ba a amfani da su.
C. Tsarin PCB
C39
C59
R30
C76
C116
C166
C3
C2
P1
P2
C1
C9
C7
C6
C4
C5
P3
Saukewa: R1C8C10
R2
R338D1
C378
R24
R337
R27
C15
R7
R28
R8
R66 R34
R340C379
R33
R10
D4
Saukewa: R11C60R35
R342
R37
R343D6
C380
Saukewa: R3C16R12
R4
Saukewa: C366R58R59C31R336
P4
R5D8
Saukewa: C365R347R345
R49
R77 R40
R50D3
Saukewa: C368R344R346
R75
C29 R15 R38 R47 R48
Saukewa: C62R36R46
C11C26
R339
R31C23
C25
Saukewa: C54C22C24R9
R74C57
C33
C66C40
U13
U3
U9
U10
U14
U4
U5
U6
U15
Saukewa: R80R70C27
Saukewa: C55 R42
Saukewa: C65 R32
R29 R65
Saukewa: R57R78R69
R71 R72
R79 R84
C67
R73
C68
C56
R76
R333
C42C69
Saukewa: C367 R6
R334C369
C13
R335
Saukewa: C43C372R14
C373C17
U1
Saukewa: R60R17R329
U16
R81 R82
C35
Saukewa: C362R85R331C44R87
C70
Bayanin U25 C124
R180C131
Saukewa: C140 R145
U42
Saukewa: R197R184C186
MH2
C165 C194 C167 R186 R187 C183 C195 R200
Saukewa: C126R325R324
Saukewa: R168C162C184
Saukewa: C157R148R147
C163C168
Saukewa: C158 R170
Saukewa: R95C85R166R99C84
C86
Saukewa: C75R97R96
R83C83
U26
Bayanin U27 C92
Saukewa: R100R101R102R106
R104 R105
Saukewa: C88R98R86
Saukewa: R341C95R107
U38
Saukewa: C90 R109
R103 ku 28
C128C89
C141
R140 R143
R108
U48
R146C127
R185
U50 R326
U49
R332
R201
R191
R199C202
R198 R190
C216
P8
U57
C221
C234
Saukewa: C222R210C217
Saukewa: C169R192R202
R195C170
R171
U51
R203
R211
U58
C257
Saukewa: R213C223R212
Saukewa: R214C203C204C205
Saukewa: C172R194C199
Saukewa: R327C171C160R188R172R173
C93 R111 C96 C102 R144 R117
R110 R112
C98C91
R115 R114
U31
C101
Saukewa: FB1
C148
Saukewa: FB2
C159
C109C129
C149
C130
U29
C138
U32
C150
Saukewa: C112 R113
C100
C105 C99 C103 C152 C110
U33
Saukewa: C104C111C153
C133
R118 R124
R119 R122
R123
U34 R130 R120 R121
C161
C134
R169 ku 43
C132
Saukewa: C182R157C197
Saukewa: C189R155C201
Saukewa: C181 R156
C173
U56
Saukewa: C198 R193
C206
R189
C174
C196
U52
Saukewa: R196R154R151R152R153
Saukewa: R204C187C176C179
U53
Saukewa: C180C188C190
C178
C200
C207
U54
C209
Bayanin U55 C191
C192
Saukewa: C208 R205
Bayanin U62 C210
R217C177
Saukewa: C227C241C243C242R221
R223C263
C232
C231
C225
U59
C226
C259
C237
C238
C240C239
R206
U60
C261
Saukewa: R207C260R215
R218
R216
Bayanin U61 C262
U66 R219
U68 R222
U67 R220
Saukewa: C258C235C236
C273
Farashin SW1
R225 R224
C266
C265
R228
U69
C269
R231 R229
U70
C270
U71
R234
C272
R226
U72
C71
C36
R16 R18
C14
C114
R131
C115
Saukewa: C58 R93
C46
C371
C370
R43C45
R44
U11
R330 R92
Saukewa: R90R89R88R91
R20
U7
R19
R39C34
C72
R61
C73
C19
R45C47
C41C78
P5
R23
U8
R22
C375
Saukewa: C374R41R21
C37
C38
C30
C20
Saukewa: R52C48R51
C49
U2
C50
U17
U18
Saukewa: R55R53R62R54
C63
Saukewa: R63C52R26
U12 R25
P6
C377C376
Saukewa: R64R56C51
MH1
C53
C79
C74
C18
C113 R174 R175 R176 R177
C120
R128
R126C106
R127 R125
U35 R132 U39
Saukewa: R141C117R129R158
R142
C136 R134 R133 R138 R137
C135
Saukewa: C139R161R162
C118
Saukewa: C119 R159
C121
Bayanin U41 C137
R160C147
C164
Bayanin U40 C146
C193
R164C123
C122
R139 R165
U44
C107
U45
C142
Saukewa: C144R135C145
R182
R178 R167
R181
RT1
Saukewa: C155 R149
C21C12
U47
U46
Bayanin U30 C108
Saukewa: U21C77U23C82
Saukewa: U24C64U22C81
Bayanin U19 C61
Saukewa: R68R67U20C32
P7
Saukewa: C97 R116
Saukewa: C80 R94
Bayanin U36 C143
C151
R179
R150C156
R183
R136C154
C175
C252
C220
Saukewa: C228C229C230
U63
C248
C247
C211
Saukewa: C212C213C214
U64
C251
C250
C215
C219
Saukewa: R208R209C224
C218C253
U65
C256
C255C254
C249C233
C246C245
C274
C244
C264
Saukewa: C268 R230
C276
C271
C267
C275
Saukewa: R238R237R236R235R240R239
R328
Saukewa: R1
Saukewa: C285 R246
C286C284
R242
U73
R247
Saukewa: C281 R243
C280
U74
C287
R248
Saukewa: C289R251R252
Saukewa: R233R227R232
Saukewa: C282R244R245
U75
R269
Saukewa: C288R250R249
R253 R255
C290
R241
R254
U76
R272
C291
R256
U77
C294C296
C283
C277
MH5
C292
C293
C279C278
Bayanin U37 C125
MH3
C295
Saukewa: C307 R265
Q1
C309
Saukewa: C303R267R268
C305
C301
MH6
R282
C312
Saukewa: R274R283R284
C322
C298
C300
Saukewa: R264C297R262
U78
R273C311
C299
R263
C302
Saukewa: R261R258R259R260
U79
C306
U80
C315
C313
R266
U81
Saukewa: R278R275R276
C304
R277
C316
R271C308
R270
U82
C314
C318
U83
Saukewa: R280R279C321
C310
U84
R285C317
C320
R281
C319
R290 R291
D11
D12
D13
D14
R287 R286
Farashin SW2
R297 R296
R289 R288
Saukewa: C334C328C364
R299C330
R293 R292
C324
C331
R300
R298C329
C333C332
U85
C335
C323
C325
D15
R303
D16
C336
Saukewa: R301R302C342
C337
U86
C343
C339
C346
R310 R307
R309
R308
MH8
Saukewa: C347R305R306
R315
R321
C345
P10
C344C348
MH9
C349 R318 C350 R319 R317 R316
C352
P11
C351
C354
U87
MH10
C353
U88
C338
C340
R294
C363
Farashin MH4P9
XF1
C358
R295
C326
C327
D17
R304
D18
U89
C355C356
U91
U90
Saukewa: C361 R323
C357
C359
P12
C360
MH7
Saukewa: R313R314R320R311R312R322
39
40
Shafi C. Tsarin PCB
D. 115/230 canzawa
D.1 Fuskar
Fuskar antisurge ceramic, 0.25A (230V) ko 0.63A (115V), 5x20mm, don misali.ample Littlefuse 0215.250MXP ko 0215.630MXP. mariƙin fiusi jan harsashi ne kusa da mashigar wutar lantarki ta IEC da babban maɓalli a bayan naúrar (Fig. D.1).
Hoto D.1: Fuse catridge, yana nuna jeri na fuse don aiki a 230 V.
D.2 120/240 canzawa
Ana iya kunna mai sarrafawa daga AC a 50 zuwa 60 Hz, 110 zuwa 120 V (100 V a Japan), ko 220 zuwa 240 V. Don canzawa tsakanin 115 V da 230 V, ya kamata a cire harsashin fis, kuma a sake sakawa kamar yadda daidaitaccen vol.tage yana nunawa ta taga murfin kuma an shigar da madaidaicin fuse (kamar yadda yake sama).
41
42
Rataye D. 115/230 Canjin
Hoto D.2: Don canza fuse ko voltage, buɗe murfin harsashin fis ɗin tare da screwdriver wanda aka saka a cikin ƙaramin ramuka a gefen hagu na murfin, kusa da hagu na jan vol.tage nuna alama.
Lokacin cire katridge ɗin fis, saka screwdriver a cikin wurin da ke hannun hagu na harsashi; kar a yi ƙoƙarin cirewa ta amfani da sukudireba a ɓangarorin fuseholder (duba adadi).
KUSKURE!
GYARA
Hoto D.3: Don cire harsashin fis, saka sukudireba cikin wurin hutu a hagu na harsashi.
Lokacin canza voltage, fuse da faifan faifan gado dole ne a canza su daga wannan gefe zuwa wancan, ta yadda faifan faifan ya kasance koyaushe a ƙasa kuma fius ɗin koyaushe yana kan sama; duba adadi a kasa.
D.2 120/240 canzawa
43
Hoto D.4: 230 V gada (hagu) da fuse (dama). Musanya gada da fuse lokacin canza voltage, ta yadda fis ɗin ya kasance babba idan an saka shi.
Hoto D.5: 115 V gada (hagu) da fuse (dama).
44
Rataye D. 115/230 Canjin
Littafi Mai Tsarki
[1] Alex Abramovici da Jake Chapsky. Tsare-tsaren Sarrafa Sabis: Jagorar Sauraron Sauri don Masana Kimiyya da Injiniyoyi. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. 1
[2] Boris Lurie da Paul Enright. Ikon mayar da martani na gargajiya: Tare da MATLAB® da Simulink®. CRC Press, 2011. 1
[3] Richard W. Fox, Chris W. Oates, da Leo W. Hollberg. Tsayar da laser diode zuwa manyan kogo masu kyau. Hanyoyin gwaji a cikin ilimin kimiyyar jiki, 40:1, 46. 2003
[4] RWP Drever, JL Hall, FV Kowalski, J. Hough, GM Ford, AJ Munley, da H. Ward. Lokacin Laser da daidaitawar mita ta amfani da resonator na gani. Appl. Physi. B, 31:97 105, 1983. 1
[5] TW Ha¨nsch da B. Couillaud. Ƙarfafa mitar Laser ta hanyar duban ra'ayi na polarization na kogon tunani. Hanyoyin sadarwa na gani, 35(3):441, 444. 1980
[6] M. Zhu da JL Hall. Tsayar da lokaci na gani / mitar tsarin laser: aikace-aikacen zuwa Laser rini na kasuwanci tare da mai daidaitawa na waje. J. Fita Soc Am. B, 10:802, 1993. 1
[7] GC Bjorklund. Frequency-modulation spectroscopy: sabuwar hanya don auna raunin sha da tarwatsewa. Fita Lett., 5:15, 1980. 1
[8] Joshua S Torrance, Ben M Sparkes, Lincoln D Turner, da Robert E Scholten. Sub-kilohertz Laser kunkuntar layi ta amfani da polarization spectroscopy. Bayanan gani, 24 (11): 11396 11406, 2016. 1
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[10] W. Demtr¨oder. Laser Spectroscopy, Basic Concepts da Instrumentation. Springer, Berlin, bugun 2e, 1996. 1
[11] LD Turner, KP Weber, CJ Hawthorn, da RE Scholten. Mitar amo ta kunkuntar layi tare da laser diode. Fita Sadarwa., 201:391, 2002. 29
46
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