RENESAS ForgeFPGA Software Simulation

Zambiri Zofunika

Kuyerekezera ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito zokondoweza zosiyanasiyana pakupanga nthawi zosiyanasiyana kuti muwone ngati nambala ya RTL ikuchita momwe akufunira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kulimba kwa kapangidwe kake. Kayeseleledwe amalola wosuta view chithunzi cha nthawi ya zizindikiro zogwirizana kuti mumvetse momwe mafotokozedwe apangidwe mumapangidwe file amachita.

Testbenches ndi zidutswa za code zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekezera. Testbench yosavuta idzakhazikitsa Unit Under Test (UUT) ndikuyendetsa zolowetsa. Go Configure software imagwiritsa ntchito Icarus Verilog (iVerilog) ndi GTKWave kuti iwonetsere mawonekedwe oyeserera ndi chilimbikitso choperekedwa mu testbench.

Chikalatachi chikufotokoza njira zomwe zikuyenera kutsatiridwa pokhazikitsa Icarus pakompyuta yanu komanso momwe mungayendetsere kayesedwe kabwino.

Kukhazikitsa Icarus Verilog

a. Ikani mtundu waposachedwa wa Icarus Verilog (IVerilog) kuchokera https://bleyer.org/icarus/
b. Onetsetsani kuti muwonjezere IVerilog ku PATH ndikuyisiya GTKWAve (Onani Chithunzi 1)

c. Tsegulani Go Configure Software ndikusankha gawo: SLG47910(Rev BB) kuti mutsegule Forge Workshop (onani Chithunzi 2).

d. Dinani pa FPGA Editor pakati pazida pamwamba kapena wosuta angathenso kudina kawiri pa FPGA Core kapangidwe pakati pa zenera.

e. Zenera latsopano limatsegulidwa lotchedwa Forge Workshop. Pazida za menyu pamwamba, dinani Zosankha → Zikhazikiko. M'bokosi lazokambirana la Zikhazikiko, pitani ku Zida pansi pa Zosintha Zogwiritsa Ntchito. Osasankha Gwiritsani ntchito "bokosi la chilengedwe" pa Icarus Verilog ndi GTKWave. Onjezani njira yopita ku Iverilog ndi GTKWAve yosungidwa mudongosolo lanu mumalo omwe mwapatsidwa (onani Chithunzi 4).

Nonse mwakhazikitsidwa kuti muyesere testbench ndipo masitepe omwe ali pamwambawa akuwonetsetsa kuti GTKWave imangodziyambitsa yokha poyerekezera testbench pa pulogalamu ya Go Configure.

Testbench

Chofunikira kwambiri pakukhazikitsa bwino dongosolo lililonse ndikutsimikizira kapangidwe kake ndi magwiridwe ake. Kutsimikizira dongosolo lovuta mutatha kukhazikitsa hardware si chisankho chanzeru. Sichigwira ntchito pankhani ya ndalama, nthawi, ndi chuma. Chifukwa chake, pankhani ya FPGA, testbench imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa kachidindo ka Verilog.

Tiyerekeze kuti tili ndi zolowetsa zomwe zili 11 bits, ndipo tikufuna kuyesa chipangizochi kuti tiwone zonse zomwe zingatheke kuphatikiza kuphatikiza mwachitsanzo (211). Popeza ichi ndi chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri chophatikizira, ndizosatheka kuyesa pamanja. Zikatero, testbenches ndi zothandiza kwambiri monga inu mukhoza kuyesa mapangidwe basi pa mfundo zonse zotheka choncho, kutsimikizira kudalirika kwa kapangidwe mayeso. Verilog Testbenches amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyerekezera ndi kusanthula mapangidwe popanda kufunikira kwa chipangizo chilichonse chakuthupi.

Kapangidwe koyesedwa, kofupikitsidwa ngati DUT, ndi gawo lothandizira la magwiridwe antchito omwe tikufuna kuyesa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ndi mawonekedwe a dera omwe tikufuna kuyesa. Titha kufotokozera DUT yathu pogwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwamitundu itatu yotsatsira ku Verilog - Gate-level, Dataflow, kapena Behavioral.

Testbench sichitha kupanga, chifukwa chake imagwiritsidwa ntchito pongoyerekeza. Izi zimathandiza wosuta kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse ya Verilog constructs mwachitsanzo, mawu ofunika monga "for", "$ display" ndi "$monitor" etc. polemba testbenches. Testbench yosavuta idzayambitsa Unit Under Test (UUT) kapena Chipangizo Choyesa (DUT) ndikuyendetsa zolowetsa.

Kumvetsetsa Testbench

Tanthauzo la Timescale mu Testbench

Poyerekeza, pulogalamuyo iyenera kudziwa momwe nthawi yafotokozera. Dongosolo lochedwetsa limatchulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito `timescale directive, yomwe imatchula nthawi ndi kulondola kwa ma module omwe amatsatira. `Timescale imathandizira kudziwa chomwe #1 imatanthauza pa nthawi. # imagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokozera kuchedwa kuti kuyambitsidwe mudongosolo molingana ndi nthawi yotchulidwa munthawi yanthawi. Chifukwa chake, #1 amatanthauza 1 ns kuchedwa ngati nthawi_ unit ili mu ns.

Syntax:
`nthawi / /

time_unit ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe ikuchedwa #1 ikuyimira. The time_precision base imayimira ma decimal angati olondola oti agwiritse ntchito poyerekeza ndi mayunitsi a nthawi. (Onani chithunzi 23 patsamba 5)

Titha kugwiritsa ntchito ma timescale kuti tigwiritse ntchito mayunitsi anthawi zosiyanasiyana pamapangidwe omwewo. Wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kukumbukira kuti zochedwetsa sizingapangidwe ndipo sizingasinthidwe kukhala logic ya hardware. Ntchito zochedwetsa ndizongongoyerekeza. $nthawi ndi $pompopompo ntchito zamakina zimabwezeretsa nthawi yomwe ilipo ndipo mawonekedwe osasinthika a lipoti angasinthidwe ndi ntchito ina yadongosolo $timeformat .

ExampLe: 

'Timescale 10us/100ns
'nthawi yanthawi 1ns/1ps
#10 kukonzanso = 1; // kuchedwetsa chizindikiro ndi 10 ns
#0.49 $kuwonetsa( “T = %0t at Time #0.49”, $realtime);

Kuchedwa komwe kwanenedwa ndi # 0.49 komwe kuli kochepera theka la nthawi ya unit. Komabe, kulondola kwanthawi kumatchulidwa kuti ndi 1ps chifukwa chake choyimira sichingapite kuchepera 1ns zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azizungulira mawu ochedwa ndikutulutsa 0ns. Kotero, mawu awa akulephera kupereka kuchedwa kulikonse.

Tsamba Loyerekeza: 

T = 1 pa Nthawi #0.49

Chidziwitso cha Module

Kulengeza kwa module mu testbench iliyonse sikusiyana ndi nambala yayikulu ya Verilog. Mu testbench, gawoli limalengezedwa popanda madoko omaliza nawo. (Onani chithunzi 25 patsamba 5)

Syntax: 

moduli ;

Kulengeza kwa module kumatsatiridwa ndi kufotokozera zizindikiro zolowera ndi zotuluka zomwe zimatanthauzidwa kale pamapangidwe akuluakulu file.
Timagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri yazizindikiro poyendetsa ndi kuyang'anira ma sign panthawi yoyeserera. Reg datatype idzagwira mtengo mpaka mtengo watsopano utaperekedwa kwa iwo. Mtundu wa data uwu ukhoza kuperekedwa mtengo pokhapokha kapena mu block yoyamba.
Mtundu wa data wawaya uli ngati kulumikizana kwakuthupi. Idzakhala ndi mtengo womwe umayendetsedwa ndi doko, perekani mawu, kapena reg. Mtundu wa datawu sungagwiritsidwe ntchito poyambirira kapena nthawi zonse. Chidziwitso chilichonse ndi chilengezo chonse chachitikanso mgawoli.

ExampLe:
Reg a,b; // zolowetsa mu code ya HDL zimatanthauzidwa ngati reg mu testbench
Waya y; // chizindikiro chotulutsa mu HDL chimatanthauzidwa ngati waya mu testbench

Chithunzi cha DUT

Cholinga cha testbench ndikutsimikizira ngati gawo lathu la DUT likugwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, tifunika kukhazikitsa gawo lathu lopanga kuti tiyese module.

Syntax: 

(. (chizindikiro 1), . chizindikiro1> (chizindikiro2));

ExampLe:

ALU d0 (.a(a), // chizindikiro "a" mu ALU iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi "a" mu gawo la ALU_tb
.b(b), // chizindikiro cha “b” mu ALU chikuyenera kulumikizidwa ku “b” mu gawo la ALU_tb
.c(c)) ;// chizindikiro cha “c” mu ALU chikuyenera kulumikizidwa ndi “c” mu gawo la ALU_tb

Takhazikitsa gawo la DUT ALU ku gawo loyesa. Dzina lachitsanzo (d0) ndi kusankha kwa wosuta. Zizindikiro zokhala ndi nthawi "." Pamaso pawo pali mayina azizindikiro zomwe zili mkati mwa gawo la ALU, pomwe waya kapena reg amalumikizana nawo mu benchi yoyesera ili pafupi ndi chizindikiro mu maparensi (). Ndikofunikira kuyika kulumikizana kwa doko lililonse pamzere wosiyana kuti uthenga wolakwika uliwonse wophatikiza uloze molondola nambala ya mzere pomwe cholakwikacho chidachitika. Chifukwa chakuti malumikizidwewa amapangidwa ndi mayina, dongosolo lomwe amawonekera ndilopanda ntchito.

DUT instantiation imathanso kupangidwira ma modules pomwe testbench module ili ndi mayina osiyanasiyana azizindikiro. Mapu olondola azizindikiro ndi omwe ndi ofunikira pakukhazikitsa.

Example: 

ALU d0 (.a(A), // chizindikiro "a" mu ALU iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi "A" mu gawo la ALU_tb
.clk(wotchi), // chizindikiro "clk" mu ALU iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi "wotchi" ALU_tb gawo
.kutuluka(KUCHOKERA)); // chizindikiro cha "out" mu ALU chiyenera kulumikizidwa ndi "OUT" mu gawo la ALU_tb

Nthawizonse & Lolani Loyamba mu Testbench

Pali midadada iwiri yotsatizana ku Verilog, yoyamba komanso nthawi zonse. Ndi m'midadada iyi yomwe timayika zokondoweza.

Choyambirira block

Chotchinga choyambirira chomwe chimachitidwa kamodzi kokha ndikutha pamene mzere womaliza wa chipikacho ukuchitidwa. Kulimbikitsa kumalembedwa mu chipika choyamba. (Onani chithunzi 54-72)

Syntax:
..
chiyambi choyamba
$ kutayafile();
$dumpvars();
..(lowetsani zolimbikitsa)
TSIRIZA

chipika choyamba chimayamba kuphedwa kwake kumayambiriro kwa kuyerekezera pa nthawi t = 0. Kuyambira ndi mzere woyamba pakati pa chiyambi ndi mapeto, mzere uliwonse umachita kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi mpaka kuchedwa kufika. Kuchedwa kukafika, kuchitidwa kwa chipikachi kumadikirira mpaka nthawi yochedwa (mayunitsi a 10) yadutsa ndikuyambiranso kuphedwa.
Wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kufotokozera zokopa pogwiritsa ntchito malupu (kwa, nthawi, ngati-mwina) komanso mkati mwa chipika choyambirirachi m'malo molowetsa zophatikizira zonse pamanja.

 

Example:
Chiyambi choyamba
A = 0; b = 0; // kuyamba kuphedwa
#10 ndi = 0; b = 1; // kuphedwa kuli pa t = 10-unit time
#10 ndi = 1; b = 0; // kuphedwa kuli pa t = 20-unit time
TSIRIZA

Dayitsa Files

Chinthu china choyenera kukumbukira ndi chilengezo cha $tayafiles ndi $dumpvars mkati mwa chipika choyamba (onani mzere 55-56 mu Chithunzi 5). The $tayafile amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutaya zosintha pamaukonde ndi zolembera mu a file zomwe zimatchedwa mtsutso wake.

Za exampLe:

$tayafile(“alu_tb.vcd”);

adzataya zosintha mu a file dzina lake alu_tb.vcd. Zosinthazo zalembedwa mu a file wotchedwa VCD file zomwe zimayimira kusintha kwamtengo wapatali. VCD (kutaya kusintha kwamtengo) imasunga zonse zokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa mtengo. Sitingakhale ndi ndalama zoposa $ imodzifile mawu mu Verilog simulation.

The $dumpvars amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza zomwe ziyenera kutayidwa (mu file yotchulidwa ndi $dumpfile). Njira yosavuta yogwiritsira ntchito ndiyopanda mkangano uliwonse. Mawu onse a $dumpvars ndi

$dumpvars ( <, >>);

Titha kufotokozera kuti ndi ma module ati, ndi ma module ati omwe adzatayidwe. Njira yosavuta yogwiritsira ntchito izi ndikuyika mlingo ku 0 ndi dzina la module monga gawo lapamwamba (kawirikawiri gawo lapamwamba la testbench).

$dumpvars(0, alu_tb);

Mulingo ukakhazikitsidwa kukhala 0, ndipo dzina la gawo lokhalo limatchulidwa, limataya zosintha ZONSE za gawoli ndi zosintha zonse mu ZOWONJEZERA zotsika zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi gawo lapamwambali. Ngati gawo lililonse silinakhazikitsidwe ndi gawo lapamwambali, ndiye kuti kusinthika kwake sikudzaphimbidwa. Chinthu chinanso, chilengezo cha $tayafile iyenera kubwera pamaso pa $dumpvars kapena ntchito zina zilizonse zomwe zimatchula kutaya. Zotaya izi files ziyenera kulengezedwa zisanachitike zolowetsa zina, palibe phindu lomwe lidzasungidwe pakutaya uku files.

Bwerani nthawi zonse

Mosiyana ndi mawu oyambira, chipika nthawi zonse chimachita mobwerezabwereza, ngakhale kupha kumayambira nthawi t = 0.ample, chizindikiro cha wotchi ndi chofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa mabwalo otsatizana ngati Flip-flops. Iyenera kuperekedwa mosalekeza. Chifukwa chake, titha kulemba kachidindo ka wotchiyo mu testbench monga (onani mzere 52 mu Chithunzi 5):

nthawi zonse
#10 clk = ~clk;
endmodule

Mawu omwe ali pamwambawa amachitidwa pambuyo pa 10 ns kuyambira t = 0. Mtengo wa clk udzasinthidwa pambuyo pa 10 ns kuchokera pamtengo wapitawo. Chifukwa chake, kupanga chizindikiro cha wotchi ya 20 ns pulse wide. Chifukwa chake, mawuwa amapanga chizindikiro cha pafupipafupi 50 MHz. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti, kuyambika kwa chizindikiro kumachitika pamaso pa chipika nthawi zonse. Ngati sitichita gawo loyambira, chizindikiro cha clk chidzakhala x kuchokera ku t - 0, ndipo pambuyo pa 10 ns, chidzatembenuzidwa ku china x.

Self-Checking Testbench

Testbench yodziyesa yokha imaphatikizapo mawu oti muwone momwe zilili.

• $chiwonetsero ntchito yamakina imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuwonetsa mauthenga ochotsa zolakwika kuti azitsata mayendedwe oyerekeza

chiyambi choyamba
A = 0; b = 0; c = 0; #10; // ikani zolowetsa, dikirani
ngati(y! == 1) ayamba
$ chiwonetsero ("000 yalephera"); // onani
c = 1; #10 ; //ikani zolowetsa, dikirani
TSIRIZA
ngati (y ! == 0) ayamba
$ chiwonetsero ("001 yalephera") // fufuzani
b = 1; c = 0; #10 ; TSIRIZA
ngati (y!==0)
$ chiwonetsero ("010 yalephera"); // onani
TSIRIZA
endmodule

$chiwonetsero Amagwiritsidwa ntchito powonetsa makonda amitundu, zingwe, kapena mawu. Kuchokera pamwambapa example, nthawi iliyonse ngati-imodzi ikakhutitsidwa, ndiye kuti chipika cha simulator chidzawonetsa $ yakechiwonetsero mawu. Pali mzere watsopano mwa kusakhulupirika kumapeto kwa zingwe.

$chiwonetsero (“nthawi = %t , A = %b, B = %b, C = % b”, $nthawiA, B,C);

Zilembo zotchulidwa m'mawuwo zidzasindikizidwa momwe zilili. Chilembo pamodzi ndi % chimasonyeza mtundu wa zingwe. Timagwiritsa ntchito %b kuyimira data ya binary. Titha kugwiritsa ntchito %d, %h, %o kuyimira decimal, hexadecimal, ndi octal, motsatana. %g imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza manambala enieni. Izi zidzasinthidwa ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zili kunja kwa mawuwo mu dongosolo lomwe latchulidwa. Za example, mawu omwe ali pamwambawa awonetsedwa mu chipika choyerekeza monga: nthawi = 20, A = 0, B =1, C = 0

Table 1. Verilog Table Formats

Kukangana	Kufotokozera
%h, %H	Onetsani mumtundu wa Hexadecimal
%d, %D	Kuwonetsa mu mawonekedwe a decimal
%b,%B	Onetsani mu mawonekedwe a binary
%m, %M	Onetsani dzina laulamuliro
%s, %S	Onetsani ngati chingwe
%t, %T	Onetsani mu mawonekedwe a nthawi
%f, %F	Onetsani 'zenizeni' mumtundu wa decimal
%e, %E	Onetsani 'zenizeni' mumtundu wa exponential

$chiwonetsero makamaka amasindikiza deta kapena kusinthika monga momwe zilili panthawi imeneyo ngati printf mu C. Tiyenera kutchula $chiwonetsero palemba lililonse lomwe tingakhale nalo view mu chipika choyerekeza.

• $nthawi

$nthawi ndi ntchito yadongosolo yomwe idzabwezeranso nthawi yamakono yofananira.

• $kuyang'anira

$kuyang'anira idzayang'anira deta kapena kusintha komwe kwalembedwera ndipo pamene kusintha kukusintha, kumasindikiza
mtengo wosinthika. Imakwaniritsanso chimodzimodzi poyitana $display pambuyo nthawi iliyonse yomwe mikangano yake ipeza
zasinthidwa. $kuyang'anira ili ngati ntchito yomwe imapangidwa kuti iyendetse kumbuyo kwa ulusi waukulu womwe umayang'anira ndi
amawonetsa kusintha kwa mtengo wa zosintha zake. $kuyang'anira ali ndi mawu ofanana ndi $chiwonetsero.

$kuyang'anira(“ nthawi = %t, A = %b, B = %b, C = % b”, $nthawiA, B,C);

Kuchokera pa Chithunzi 7 mukhoza kuona kuti mizere yatsopano ya zizindikiro zawonjezedwa kuti mudziyese nokha testbench. Kuyika kwa $chiwonetsero ndi $kuyang'anira mawu m'magawo osiyanasiyana a testbench adzapereka zotsatira zosiyana (onani Chithunzi 8). $nthawi otchulidwa m'mawu awa amasindikiza nthawi yomwe mtengowo ukusindikizidwa. Nthawi yomweyo unit imati 170000, titha kuwona momwe pali kusiyana kwa mtengo wa A ndi B chifukwa cha $chiwonetsero ndi $kuyang'anira mawu.

Pulogalamu ya GTKWAve

GTKWave ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a GTK+ viewer ya Unix, Win32, ndi Mac OSX yomwe imawerenga LXT, LXT2, VZT, FST, ndi GHW files komanso VCD/EVCD yokhazikika files ndipo amalola awo viewndi. Ovomerezeka ake website ndi http://gtkwave.sourceforge.net/ . GTKWave ndiyemwe akulimbikitsidwa viewer ndi chida chofananira cha Icarus Verilog.

Wogwiritsa ntchito akapangidwa bwino testbench kuyesa magwiridwe antchito a mapangidwewo, wogwiritsa ntchito tsopano atha kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya GTKWave kuti view ma waveforms.

Kukhazikitsa pulogalamu ya GTKWAve ku view Mawonekedwe, wogwiritsa ntchito akuyenera kudina batani la Tsanzirani Testbench pamwamba pazida kapena kuchokera ku menyu yayikulu Zida→ Kuyerekeza→ Kutsanzira Testbench. Ngati palibe zolakwika za syntax ndiye kutengera kapangidwe kake, GTKWave iyenera kukhazikitsidwa yokha kapena zotsatira za zolimbikitsa mu testbench zidzawonetsedwa mu gawo la Logger pawindo.

Pulogalamu ya GTKWAve imatsegula .vcd fomati yotayafile zokha. Zenera la GTKWAve siliwonetsa mawonekedwe ake akamatsegulidwa. Izi zimapatsa wogwiritsa mwayi wosankha zomwe akufuna view ndi kuona. Kuti musankhe chizindikiro, wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuwonetsa, wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kudina pa dzina la gawo lawo / chitsanzo kumanzere kwawindo pansi pa tabu ya SST. Podina + yachitsanzo chilichonse, mutha kuwona ma siginecha omwe amagwirizana ndi chitsanzocho m'munsimu. Kenako mutha kukoka ndikugwetsa chizindikiro chomwe mukufuna kapena dinani kawiri kuti ziwonetsedwe pawindo la Signals. Mukhozanso kusankha zonse (CTRL + A) ndikuziyika pawindo la zizindikiro (onani Chithunzi 9).

Zizindikiro tsopano zawonjezedwa pawindo lazizindikiro koma sizinayesedwe. Pambuyo powonjezera zizindikiro zomwe mukufuna pawindo la chizindikiro, dinani kuti agwirizane ndi ma siginecha ku m'lifupi panopa zenera ndiyeno kubwezeretsanso siginecha kuchokera reload chizindikiro chomwe chili pazida. Tsopano mutha kuwona ma sign omwe ali ndi zikhalidwe zawo.

Zizindikiro za Signal

Mwachikhazikitso, ma siginecha ali mumtundu wa hexadecimal ndipo mafunde onse amakhala obiriwira (ngati akuyenda bwino).

Wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusintha mawonekedwe azizindikirozi podina kumanja pa siginecha ndikusankha mtundu wa data kapena mtundu wamtundu. Wogwiritsa akhozanso kuyika chizindikiro chopanda kanthu kuti apange magawo pakati pa gulu la ma sigino. Mukakhala ndi zotsatira zomwe mukufuna, mutha kusunga masinthidwe anu popita File → Lembani Sungani File.

GTKWAve Toolbar

Chombo chazida (onani Chithunzi 10) chimalola wogwiritsa ntchito kuchita ntchito zoyambira chizindikiro. Tiyeni tikambirane njira iliyonse pazida kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja.

1. Zosankha za Menyu: Pansi pa njira iyi tingathe view mbali zonse zosiyanasiyana za mapulogalamu omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusewera mozungulira ndi mapulogalamu. Zambiri zomwe zili pansi pa menyu iyi zikufotokozedwa pansi pa Gawo 8 la bukhuli.
2. Dulani Mzere: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufufuta / kudula chizindikiro chosankhidwa pawindo lazizindikiro
3. Copy Traces: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukopera chizindikiro chosankhidwa kuchokera pawindo lazizindikiro
4. Matani Mzere: Chotsatira chokopera / chodulidwa chikhoza kuikidwa pamalo ena pawindo la chizindikiro
5. Zoom Fit: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti agwirizane ndi zizindikiro malinga ndi kukula kwa zenera zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amasankha kusonyeza
6. Onetsani Zoom: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa zenera lazizindikiro
7. Onetsani Zoom Out: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa zenera lazizindikiro
8. Onjezani Chotsani: imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzanso makulitsidwe / kunja pawindo la chizindikiro
9. Onerani kuti muyambe: izi zidzakulitsa zenera lazizindikiro, kuwonetsa nthawi yoyambira yazizindikiro.
10. Onerani mpaka Mapeto: izi zidzakulitsa zenera lazizindikiro zomwe zikuwonetsa nthawi yomaliza yazizindikiro
11. Pezani m'mphepete mwam'mbuyo: Izi zimasamutsa cholembera kumanzere kusonyeza m'mphepete mwake
12. Pezani m'mphepete mwake: Izi zimasamutsira chikhomo kumanja kusonyeza m'mphepete mwake
13. Mpukutu m'munsi/pamwamba bondi: pogwiritsa ntchito izi tikhoza kukhazikitsa nthawi yomwe wogwiritsa ntchito akufuna kuwonetsera. Za example, titha kuyika nthawi kukhala 0 sec mpaka 500 ns, iwonetsa ma signature panthawiyo yokha.
14. Kwezaninso: Kutsitsanso kumapanikizidwa nthawi iliyonse pakakhala kusintha kwa chizindikiro chowonetsedwa. Idzatsegulanso ndikuwonetsa chizindikirocho malinga ndi magawo atsopano. Za example, titatha kusintha nthawi ya chizindikiro, tifunika kubwezeretsanso chizindikiro kuti tiwonetse chizindikiro mu nthawi yatsopano.

Zosankha za Menyu

Kuchokera kukona yakumanzere kwa pulogalamu ya GTKWave, wogwiritsa atha kupeza zosankha podina mizere yoyima itatu (onani Chithunzi 11). Wogwiritsa atha kupeza njira zotsatirazi pansi pa Zosankha za Menyu:

File

The File submenu ili ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi kupeza files, kutumiza-kutumiza kunja VCD files, kusindikiza, ndi kuwerenga/kulemba files ndi kutuluka.

Sinthani

The Edit submenu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zinthu zosiyanasiyana zofunikira monga kusintha mawonekedwe a data pamawonekedwe a subwindow. Pogwiritsa ntchito zosankha zomwe zili pansi pa Edit submenu, wosuta akhoza kusintha mawonekedwe a deta, kuwasintha, kuwasuntha, kuchepetsa, kuunikira, zizindikiro zamagulu, ndemanga pa zizindikiro, kusintha mtundu wa zizindikiro, ndi zina zotero.

Search

Kusaka kwapang'onopang'ono kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza pamitundu yonse ndi makonda. Zimathandizira kugwira ntchito pamagawo osiyanasiyana owongolera ma sigino ndi zochitika mu VCD file.

Nthawi

The submenu nthawi ili ndi superset ya ntchito zochitidwa ndi Navigation ndi mabatani a Status Panel.
Imathandizira zosavuta, zokhudzana ndi nthawi, zimagwira ntchito ngati kuyandikira, kusunthira kumalo enaake, kusuntha chizindikiro mbali ina, ndi zina.

Chizindikiro

Menyu yaing'ono ya chikhomo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga masinthidwe osiyanasiyana pa cholembera komanso kuwongolera kupukusa kunja kwa skrini.
Imathandizira magwiridwe antchito owonjezera zolembera zambiri pawindo lazizindikiro. Zolemba mayina 26 ndizololedwa ndipo nthawi za onse ziyenera kukhala zosiyana.

a. Kuti muwonjezere Zolemba pawindo lazizindikiro
Dinani kumanzere pamalo ofunikira omwe mukufuna kuti Chizindikirocho chiyikidwe ndikusindikiza ALT + N. Izi zidzayika chizindikiro chodziwika (A,B,C, etc.) pamalo ofunikira. Wogwiritsa ntchito atha kupitiliza kuchita izi m'malo 26 osiyanasiyana.
Kuti mufananize mtengo wanthawi pazikhomo zonse, Menyu → Zolemba → Onetsani Kusintha Kwazolemba.
Izi zidzatsegula zenera ndi mtengo wa nthawi pa Chizindikiro chilichonse. Wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuzindikira pawokha mtengo wanthawi pachikhomo chilichonse choyikidwa ndikuwachotsa kuti awerengere kusiyana kwa nthawi pakati pa zolembera ziwiri.
b. Kuchotsa Marker pawindo la chizindikiro

Wogwiritsa atha kupita ku Menyu → Zolemba → Sungani Chizindikiro Chotchedwa. Izi zichotsa Chizindikiro chomaliza chomwe chayikidwa pawindo lazizindikiro. Wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuchotsa Zolemba zonse zotchulidwa popita ku Menyu → Zolemba → Sungani Zonse Zotchedwa Chizindikiro (Chithunzi 12).

Mu Chithunzi 13, titha kuwona momwe mitundu yazizindikiro yasinthira. Mutha kuwona Chizindikiro Chopanda Chopanda chowonjezeredwa pawindo lazizindikiro komanso ndemanga - Chizindikiro Chopanda.
Komanso zindikirani kukhalapo kwa 6 Otchedwa Zizindikiro (A - E) ndikuphatikiza kwa mtengo wanthawi pakati pa Zikhomozi mu ps.

View

The View submenu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi kuperekedwa kwazithunzi za zinthu komanso mayendedwe pawindo laling'ono lazizindikiro. Kuchokera pamenyu iyi, mutha kusintha zenera la chizindikiro kukhala Black & White kapena wachikuda. The View submenu imakuthandizaninso kusintha nthawi Dimension kuyambira masekondi (masekondi) kupita ku ficoseconds (fs). Wogwiritsa angapeze njira iyi View → Scale to Time Dimension → fs.

Thandizeni

Menyu yothandizira ili ndi zosankha zothandizira thandizo pa intaneti komanso kuwonetsa zambiri zamapulogalamu.

Mapeto

Chikalatachi chidapangidwa kuti chithandizire wogwiritsa ntchito kutengera kapangidwe kawo ndikuwonetsetsa momwe amagwirira ntchito pokonza zolemba zofunikira ndikugwiritsa ntchito Icarus Verilog pamodzi ndi GTKWave kuwonetsa mafunde ndikuwona zotsatira.

Mbiri Yobwereza

Kubwereza	Tsiku	Kufotokozera
1.00	Meyi 20, 2024	Kutulutsidwa koyamba.

R19US0011EU0100 Rev.1.0
Meyi 20, 2024
© 2024 Renesas Electronics

Zolemba / Zothandizira

RENESAS ForgeFPGA Software Simulation [pdf] Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito REN_r19us0011eu0100, ForgeFPGA Software Simulation, ForgeFPGA Software, ForgeFPGA, ForgeFPGA Simulation, Software Simulation, Simulation, Software

Maumboni

• Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito