MICROCHIP Costas Loop Management Mushandisi Yekushandisa
Nhanganyaya
Mukufambisa kusina wireless, Transmitter (Tx) uye Receiver (Rx) inoparadzaniswa nechekure uye yakaparadzaniswa nemagetsi. Kunyange zvazvo zvose Tx neRx zvakagadziridzwa kune imwechete frequency, pane frequency offset pakati pevatakuri mafrequency nekuda kwekusiyana kweppm pakati peiyo oscillator inoshandiswa muTx neRx. Iyo frequency offset inobhadharwa nekushandisa iyo data inobatsira kana isiri-data-yaibatsira (mapofu) nzira dzekuyananisa.
A Costas Loop inzira isiri-data-inobatsirwa PLL-yakavakirwa nzira yekutakura frequency offset muripo. Iko kushandiswa kwekutanga kweCostas loops iri mune isina waya inogamuchira. Nekushandisa izvi, frequency offset pakati peTx neRx inobhadharwa pasina rubatsiro rwematoni ekutyaira kana zviratidzo. Iyo Costas Loop inoshandisirwa iyo BPSK uye QPSK modulations neshanduko mune yekukanganisa kuverenga block. Kushandisa Costas Loop yechikamu kana frequency sync kunogona kukonzera kusanzwisisika kwechikamu, iyo inofanirwa kugadziriswa kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwakadai sekusiyanisa encoding.
Summary
Tafura inotevera inopa pfupiso yeCostas Loop maitiro.
Tafura 1. Costas Loop maitiro
| Core Version | Gwaro iri rinoshanda kuCostas Loop v1.0. |
| Inotsigirwa Mudziyo Mhuri |
|
| Inotsigirwa Tool Flow | Inoda Libero® SoC v12.0 kana gare gare kuburitswa. |
| Rezinesi | Costas Loop IP yakajeka RTL irezinesi rakakiiwa uye iyo yakavharidzirwa RTL inowanikwa mahara chero Libero rezinesi. Encrypted RTL: Yakazara encrypted RTL kodhi inopihwa iyo musimboti, ichigonesa iyo musimboti kuisirwa neSmart Design. Simulation, Synthesis, uye Layout inogona kuitwa neLibero software. Bvisa RTL: Yakazara RTL sosi kodhi inopihwa yepakati uye mabhenji ekuyedza. |
Features
Costas Loop ine anotevera akakosha maficha:
- Inotsigira BPSK uye QPSK modulations
- Tunable loop paramita kune yakakura frequency renji
Kuitwa kweIP Core muLibero® Dhizaini Suite
IP musimboti unofanirwa kuiswa kune IP Catalog yeLibero SoC software. Izvi zvinoiswa otomatiki kuburikidza neIP
Catalog yekuvandudza basa muLibero SoC software, kana iyo IP musimboti inotorwa nemaoko kubva kukhathalogi. Kamwe
iyo IP musimboti yakaiswa muLibero SoC software IP Catalog, iyo musimboti inogadziriswa, inogadzirwa, uye inomisikidzwa mukati meiyo Smart Design chishandiso chekuisirwa muLibero chirongwa rondedzero.
Kushandiswa Kwemudziyo uye Kuita
Matafura anotevera anonyora mashandisirwo emudziyo anoshandiswa kuCostas Loop.
Tafura 2. Costas Loop Kushandiswa kweQPSK
| Device Details | Zviwanikwa | Kuita (MHz) | RAMs | Math Blocks | Chip Globals | |||
| Mhuri | Mudziyo | LUTs | DFF | LSRAM | μSRAM | |||
| PolarFire® SoC | MPFS250T | 1256 | 197 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| PolarFire | MPF300T | 1256 | 197 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
Tafura 3. Costas Loop Kushandiswa kweBPSK
| Device Details | Zviwanikwa | Kuita (MHz) | RAMs | Math Blocks | Chip Globals | |||
| Mhuri | Mudziyo | LUTs | DFF | LSRAM | μSRAM | |||
| PolarFire® SoC | MPFS250T | 1202 | 160 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Polar Fire | MPF300T | 1202 | 160 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
Zvakakosha:
- Iyo data iri patafura ino inotorwa uchishandisa yakajairwa synthesis uye marongero. CDR referensi wachi sosi yakasetwa kuti Yakatsaurirwa nemamwe magadzirirwo makoshero asina kuchinjika.
- Wachi inomanikidzwa kusvika ku200 MHz paunenge uchimhanyisa ongororo yenguva kuti uwane huwandu hwekuita.
Tsanangudzo Yekushanda
Ichi chikamu chinotsanangura ruzivo rwekuita zveCostas Loop.
Iyi inotevera nhamba inoratidza iyo system-level block dhizaini yeCostas Loop.
Mufananidzo 1-1. System-Level Block Digiramu yeCostas Loop
Iyo latency pakati pekuisa uye kuburitsa kweCostas pamusoro ndeye gumi nerimwe wachi. Iyo THETA_OUT latency i11 wachi
cycles. Kp (proportionality constant), Ki (integral constant), Theta factor, uye LIMIT factor inofanirwa kumiswa zvichienderana nenharaunda yeruzha uye frequency offset iri kuunzwa. Iyo Costas Loop inotora nguva kukiya, senge mukushanda kwePLL. Mamwe mapaketi anogona kurasika panguva yekutanga kukiya nguva yeCostas Loop.
Architecture
Kuitwa kweCostas Loop kunoda anotevera mabhuroko mana:
- Loop Filter (PI Controller mune iyi kuita)
- Theta jenareta
- Error Calculation
- Vector Rotation
Mufananidzo 1-2. Costas Loop Block Dhiagiramu
Iko kukanganisa kweiyo chaiyo modulation scheme inoverengerwa zvichienderana neyakatenderedzwa I uye Q kukosha uchishandisa iyo Vector Rotation Module. Iyo PI controller inoverengera frequency zvichienderana nekukanganisa, yakaenzana kuwana Kp, uye yakakosha kuwana Ki. Iyo yakanyanya frequency offset inoiswa seyemuganho kukosha kwePI controller's frequency kubuda. Iyo Theta Jenareta module inogadzira kona nekubatanidzwa. Iyo theta factor yekuisa inosarudza kutsetseka kwekubatanidza uye zvinoenderana.
pa sampling wachi. Iyo kona inogadzirwa kubva kuTheta Jenareta inoshandiswa kutenderedza iyo I uye Q yekuisa kukosha. Basa rekukanganisa rakanangana nemhando yemodulation. Sezvo iyo PI controller ichiitwa mune yakatarwa-poindi fomati, kuyera kunoitwa pane yakaenzana uye yakakosha zvinobuda zvePI controller.
Saizvozvo, kuyera kunoitwa kubatanidza theta.
IP Core Parameters uye Interface Signals
Ichi chikamu chinokurukura maparameter muCostas Loop GUI configurator uye I / O zviratidzo.
Configuration Settings
Tafura inotevera inonyora tsananguro yezvigadziriso zvimiro zvinoshandiswa mukuitwa kwehardware yeCostas Loop. Aya ndiwo ma generic paramita anosiyana zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa.
Tafura 2-1. Configuration Parameter
| Zita rechiratidzo | Tsanangudzo |
| Modulation Type | BPSK kana QPSK |
Zvinopinza uye Zvinobuda Zviratidzo
Iyi tafura inotevera inodonongodza iyo yekupinza uye yekubuda ports yeCostas Loop.
Tafura 2-2. Kupinza uye Kubuda Zviratidzo
| Zita rechiratidzo | Direction | Signal Type | Upamhi | Tsanangudzo |
| CLK_I | Input | — | 1 | Clock Signal |
| ARST_N_IN | Input | — | 1 | Active yakaderera asynchronous reset chiratidzo |
| I_DATA_IN | Input | Sainirwa | 16 | Muchikamu / Chaiyo data yekuisa |
| Q_DATA_IN | Input | Sainirwa | 16 | Quadrature / Imaginary data Input |
| KP_IN | Input | Sainirwa | 18 | Proportionality yenguva dzose yePI controller |
| KI_IN | Input | Sainirwa | 18 | Yakabatanidzwa nguva dzose yePI controller |
| LIMIT_IN | Input | Sainirwa | 18 | Muganho wePI controller |
| THETA_FACTOR_IN | Input | Sainirwa | 18 | Theta factor yekubatanidza theta. |
| I_DATA_OUT | Output | Sainirwa | 16 | Muchikamu / Chaiyo data Kubuda |
| Q_DATA_OUT | Output | Sainirwa | 16 | Quadrature / Imaginary data Output |
| THETA_OUT | Output | Sainirwa | 10 | Yakaverengerwa Theta index (0-1023) yekusimbisa |
| PI_OUT | Output | Sainirwa | 18 | PI kubuda |
Madhiyamu enguva
Ichi chikamu chinokurukura dhayagiramu yenguva yeCostas Loop.
Iyi inotevera nhamba inoratidza dhizaini yenguva yeCostas Loop.
Mufananidzo 3-1. Costas Loop Nguva Dhiagiramu
Testbench
Testbench yakabatana inoshandiswa kuonesa uye kuyedza Costas Loop inonzi sebhenji rekuyedza mushandisi. Bhenji rekuyedza rinopihwa kutarisa kushanda kweCostas Loop IP.
Simulation Rows
Kutevedzera musimboti uchishandisa testbench, ita matanho anotevera:
- Vhura iyo Libero SoC application, tinya Catalog tab, wedzera Solutions-Wireless, tinya kaviri COSTAS LOOP, wobva wadzvanya OK. Zvinyorwa zvine chekuita neIP zvakanyorwa pasi peZvinyorwa.
Zvakakosha: Kana iwe usingaone iyo Catalog tab, famba uchienda View > Windows menyu uye tinya Catalog kuti ionekwe.
Mufananidzo 4-1. Costas Loop IP Core muLibero SoC Catalog
- Gadzirisa iyo IP maererano nezvaunoda.
Mufananidzo 4-2. Configurator GUI
Kurudzira ese masaini kusvika padanho repamusoro uye gadzira dhizaini - PaStimulus Hierarchy tab, tinya Vakai Hierarchy.
Mufananidzo 4-3. Vakai Hierarchy
- Pa Stimulus Hierarchy tab, tinya-kurudyi testbench (Costas loop bevy), nongedzera kuSimulate Present Design, wobva wadzvanya Vhura Interactively.
Mufananidzo 4-4. Simulating Pre-Synthesis Dhizaini
ModelSim inotanga ne testbench file, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo unotevera.
Mufananidzo 4-5. ModelSim Simulation Window
Zvakakosha: Kana simulation ikavhiringwa nekuda kwemuganho wenguva yekumhanya unotsanangurwa mu.do file, shandisa run -all command kupedzisa simulation
Revision History
Nhoroondo yekudzokorora inotsanangura shanduko dzakaitwa mugwaro. Kuchinja kwacho kunorongwa nekudzokorora, kutanga nebhuku razvino uno.
Tafura 5-1. Revision History
| Kudzokorora | Date | Tsanangudzo |
| A | 03/2023 | Kusunungurwa kwekutanga |
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Zvinyorwa / Zvishandiso
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MICROCHIP Costas Loop Management [pdf] Bhuku reMushandisi Costas Loop Management, Loop Management, Management |