MICROCHIP Costas Loop Management User Guide
Taw qhia
Hauv kev xa xov wireless, Transmitter (Tx) thiab Receiver (Rx) yog sib cais los ntawm qhov deb thiab hluav taws xob cais. Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si Tx thiab Rx tau hloov mus rau tib zaus, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cab kuj vim qhov sib txawv ppm ntawm cov oscillators siv hauv Tx thiab Rx. Qhov zaus offset yog them los ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv pab lossis tsis yog cov ntaub ntawv-aided (dig muag) cov txheej txheem synchronization.
Ib qho Costas Loop yog ib txoj hauv kev uas tsis yog-cov ntaub ntawv-pab PLL-raws li txoj hauv kev rau cov neeg nqa khoom zaus them nyiaj. Thawj daim ntawv thov ntawm Costas loops yog nyob rau hauv wireless receivers. Los ntawm kev siv qhov no, qhov zaus offset ntawm Tx thiab Rx yog them nyiaj tsis muaj kev pab ntawm cov suab nrov lossis cov cim. Lub Costas Loop yog siv rau BPSK thiab QPSK kev hloov pauv nrog kev hloov pauv hauv qhov yuam kev yuam kev. Kev ua haujlwm Costas Loop rau theem lossis zaus synchronization tuaj yeem ua rau theem tsis meej, uas yuav tsum tau kho los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li kev sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv.
Cov ntsiab lus
Cov lus hauv qab no muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm Costas Loop yam ntxwv.
Rooj 1. Costas Loop yam ntxwv
| Core Version | Cov ntaub ntawv no siv rau Costas Loop v1.0. |
| Txhawb Cov Tsev Neeg |
|
| Txhawb nqa Tool Ntws | Yuav tsum Libero® SoC v12.0 lossis tom qab tso tawm. |
| Daim ntawv tso cai | Costas Loop IP ntshiab RTL yog daim ntawv tso cai raug kaw thiab RTL encrypted muaj pub dawb nrog txhua daim ntawv tso cai Libero. Encrypted RTL: Ua kom tiav encrypted RTL code yog muab rau cov tub ntxhais, ua kom cov tub ntxhais yuav tsum instantiated nrog Smart Design. Simulation, Synthesis, thiab Layout tuaj yeem ua nrog Libero software. Ntshiab RTL: Ua kom tiav RTL qhov chaws yog muab rau cov tub ntxhais thiab cov rooj zaum xeem. |
Nta
Costas Loop muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb hauv qab no:
- Txhawb BPSK thiab QPSK modulations
- Tunable loop parameters rau ntau zaus
Kev siv IP Core hauv Libero® Design Suite
IP core yuav tsum tau nruab rau IP Catalog ntawm Libero SoC software. Qhov no yog ntsia tau los ntawm IP
Catalog hloov tshiab muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv Libero SoC software, los yog tus IP core yog manually downloaded los ntawm cov catalog. Ib zaug
tus tub ntxhais IP raug teeb tsa hauv Libero SoC software IP Catalog, cov tub ntxhais raug teeb tsa, tsim, thiab ua tiav hauv Smart Design cuab yeej rau suav nrog hauv Libero daim ntawv teev npe.
Cov cuab yeej siv thiab kev ua tau zoo
Cov lus hauv qab no teev cov khoom siv siv rau Costas Loop.
Table 2. Costas Loop Siv rau QPSK
| Ntaus yam lus qhia | Cov peev txheej | Kev ua tau zoo (MHz) | RAMs | Zauv Blocks | Chip Globals | |||
| Tsev neeg | Ntaus ntawv | LUTs | DFF | LSRAM | μSRAM | |||
| PolarFire® SoC | MPFS250T | 1256 | 197 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| PolarFire | MPF300T | 1256 | 197 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
Table 3. Costas Loop Siv rau BPSK
| Ntaus yam lus qhia | Cov peev txheej | Kev ua tau zoo (MHz) | RAMs | Zauv Blocks | Chip Globals | |||
| Tsev neeg | Ntaus ntawv | LUTs | DFF | LSRAM | μSRAM | |||
| PolarFire® SoC | MPFS250T | 1202 | 160 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Polar Hluav Taws | MPF300T | 1202 | 160 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
Tseem ceeb:
- Cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov lus no yog ntes siv ib txwm synthesis thiab layout nqis. CDR siv moos qhov chaw tau teem rau Dedicated nrog rau lwm yam configurator qhov tseem ceeb tsis hloov.
- Lub moos raug txwv rau 200 MHz thaum khiav lub sijhawm ntsuas kom ua tiav cov lej ua haujlwm.
Functional Description
Tshooj lus no piav qhia txog kev siv cov ntsiab lus ntawm Costas Loop.
Cov duab hauv qab no qhia txog qhov system-theem thaiv daim duab ntawm Costas Loop.
Daim duab 1-1. System-Level Block Diagram ntawm Costas Loop
Lub latency ntawm cov tswv yim thiab cov zis ntawm Costas sab saum toj yog 11 moos cycles. THETA_OUT latency yog 10 teev
lub voj voog. Kp (proportionality constant), Ki (integral constant), Theta factor, thiab LIMIT factor yuav tsum tau kho raws li lub suab nrov ib puag ncig thiab qhov zaus offset tau qhia. Lub Costas Loop siv qee lub sijhawm los xauv, zoo li hauv kev ua haujlwm PLL. Qee cov pob ntawv yuav ploj thaum lub sij hawm qhib qhov rooj ntawm Costas Loop.
Kev tsim vaj tsev
Kev ua tiav ntawm Costas Loop yuav tsum muaj plaub ntu nram qab no:
- Loop Filter (PI Controller hauv qhov kev siv no)
- Theta Generator
- Kev xam yuam kev
- Vector tig
Daim duab 1-2. Costas Loop Block Diagram
Qhov yuam kev rau ib qho kev hloov kho tshwj xeeb yog xam raws li qhov hloov pauv kuv thiab Q tus nqi siv Vector Rotation Module. Tus PI maub los suav cov zaus raws li qhov ua yuam kev, qhov sib npaug nce Kp, thiab ib qho nce Ki. Qhov siab tshaj plaws zaus offset yog teem raws li tus nqi txwv rau PI maub los zaus tso zis. Theta Generator module tsim lub kaum sab xis los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Lub theta factor input txiav txim qhov nqes hav ntawm kev koom ua ke thiab nyob ntawm.
pe samplwm moos. Lub kaum sab xis tsim los ntawm Theta Generator yog siv los tig qhov I thiab Q cov tswv yim. Kev ua yuam kev yog tshwj xeeb rau ib hom kev hloov pauv. Raws li PI maub los yog siv rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ruaj khov, qhov ntsuas tau ua tiav ntawm cov khoom sib faib thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm PI maub los.
Ib yam li ntawd, scaling yog siv rau kev koom ua ke theta.
IP Core Parameters thiab Interface Signals
Tshooj lus no tham txog qhov tsis muaj nyob hauv Costas Loop GUI configurator thiab I/O cov cim.
Configuration Settings
Cov lus hauv qab no teev cov lus piav qhia ntawm qhov kev teeb tsa tsis siv nyob rau hauv kev siv kho vajtse ntawm Costas Loop. Cov no yog generic tsis muaj varied raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Table 2-1. Configuration Parameter
| Lub Npe Lub Npe | Kev piav qhia |
| Modulation Hom | BPSK los yog QPSK |
Inputs thiab Outputs Signals
Cov lus hauv qab no teev cov tswv yim thiab cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm Costas Loop.
Table 2-2. Input thiab Output Signals
| Lub Npe Lub Npe | Kev taw qhia | Hom teeb liab | Dav | Kev piav qhia |
| CLK_ ib | Tswv yim | — | 1 | Mloog Teeb Meem |
| ARST_N_IN | Tswv yim | — | 1 | Active qis asynchronous pib dua teeb liab |
| I_DATA_IN | Tswv yim | Kos npe | 16 | Hauv theem / Cov ntaub ntawv tiag tiag nkag |
| Q_DATA_IN | Tswv yim | Kos npe | 16 | Quadrature/Imaginary data Input |
| KP_IN | Tswv yim | Kos npe | 18 | Proportionality tas li ntawm PI maub los |
| KI_IN | Tswv yim | Kos npe | 18 | Integral tas li ntawm PI maub los |
| LIMIT_IN | Tswv yim | Kos npe | 18 | Txwv rau PI maub los |
| THETA_FACTOR_IN | Tswv yim | Kos npe | 18 | Theta factor rau theta integration. |
| I_DATA_OUT | Tso zis | Kos npe | 16 | Nyob rau theem / Tiag cov ntaub ntawv tso zis |
| Q_DATA_OUT | Tso zis | Kos npe | 16 | Quadrature/Imaginary data Output |
| THETA_OUT | Tso zis | Kos npe | 10 | Muab xam Theta Performance index (0-1023) rau kev txheeb xyuas |
| PI_OUT | Tso zis | Kos npe | 18 | PI tso zis |
Daim duab Timing
Tshooj lus no tham txog Costas Loop lub sijhawm kos duab.
Daim duab hauv qab no qhia txog lub sijhawm kos duab ntawm Costas Loop.
Daim duab 3-1. Costas Loop Timing Diagram
Testbench
Kev sib koom ua ke testbench yog siv los txheeb xyuas thiab sim Costas Loop hu ua tus neeg siv lub rooj zaum. Lub rooj ntev zaum sim yog muab los xyuas qhov ua haujlwm ntawm Costas Loop IP.
Simulation Kab
Txhawm rau simulate cov tub ntxhais siv lub testbench, ua cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
- Qhib Libero SoC daim ntawv thov, nyem Catalog tab, nthuav Solutions-Wireless, ob-nias COSTAS LOOP, thiab tom qab ntawd nyem OK. Cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam nrog IP yog teev nyob rau hauv Cov Ntaub Ntawv.
Tseem ceeb: Yog tias koj tsis pom Catalog tab, mus rau View > Windows menu thiab nyem Catalog kom pom nws.
Daim duab 4-1. Costas Loop IP Core hauv Libero SoC Catalog
- Configure tus IP raws li koj xav tau.
Daim duab 4-2. Configurator GUI
Txhawb nqa tag nrho cov teeb liab mus rau qib siab thiab tsim cov qauv tsim - Ntawm Stimulus Hierarchy tab, nyem Tsim Hierarchy.
Daim duab 4-3. Tsim Hierarchy
- Ntawm Stimulus Hierarchy tab, right-click the testbench (Costas voj bevy), taw tes rau Simulate Present Design, thiab tom qab ntawd nyem Qhib Sib Tham
Daim duab 4-4. Simulating Pre-Synthesis Design
ModelSim qhib nrog lub testbench file, raws li qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Daim duab 4-5. ModelSim Simulation Qhov rai
Tseem ceeb: Yog hais tias qhov kev simulation cuam tshuam vim qhov kev txwv runtime teev hauv .do file, siv lub run -all hais kom ua kom tiav qhov simulation
Kev kho keeb kwm
Cov ntaub ntawv kho dua tshiab piav qhia txog cov kev hloov pauv uas tau ua hauv daim ntawv. Cov kev hloov pauv tau teev tseg los ntawm kev kho dua tshiab, pib nrog kev tshaj tawm tam sim no.
Table 5-1. Kev kho keeb kwm
| Kev kho dua | Hnub tim | Kev piav qhia |
| A | 03/2023 | Kev tso tawm thawj zaug |
Microchip FPGA Kev them nyiaj yug
Microchip FPGA cov khoom lag luam pab pawg txhawb nqa nws cov khoom nrog ntau yam kev pabcuam, suav nrog Cov Neeg Siv Khoom,
Customer Technical Support Center, a website, thiab chaw muag khoom thoob ntiaj teb. Cov neeg muas zaub tau pom zoo kom tuaj xyuas
Microchip online cov peev txheej ua ntej hu rau kev txhawb nqa vim nws muaj feem ntau tias lawv cov lus nug twb tau lawm
teb.
Hu rau Technical Support Center los ntawm website ntawm www.microchip.com/support. Hais txog FPGA Device
Tus naj npawb, xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, thiab xa cov qauv tsim files thaum tsim rooj plaub kev txhawb nqa.
Hu rau Lub Chaw Pabcuam Cov Neeg Siv Khoom rau kev txhawb nqa cov khoom siv tsis yog kev siv tshuab, xws li cov nqi khoom, kev hloov khoom dua tshiab, hloov tshiab
cov ntaub ntawv, kev txiav txim raws li txoj cai, thiab kev tso cai.
- Los ntawm North America, hu 800.262.1060
- Los ntawm lwm lub ntiaj teb, hu 650.318.4460
- Fax, los ntawm txhua qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb, 650.318.8044
Cov ntaub ntawv Microchip
Lub Microchip Webqhov chaw
Microchip muab kev txhawb nqa online ntawm peb website ntawm www.microchip.com/. Qhov no website yog siv los ua files thiab
cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim muaj rau cov neeg siv khoom. Qee cov ntsiab lus muaj xws li:
- Khoom txhawb - Daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv thiab errata, daim ntawv thov thiab sample cov kev pab cuam, tsim cov peev txheej, cov neeg siv cov lus qhia thiab cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa kho vajtse, cov software tshiab tshaj tawm thiab cov software archived
- General Technical Support – Cov Lus Nug Nquag (FAQs), kev thov kev txhawb nqa, pab pawg sib tham hauv online, Microchip tsim tus khub koom nrog kev sau npe
- Kev lag luam ntawm Microchip - Cov khoom xaiv thiab cov lus qhia kev txiav txim, qhov tseeb Microchip xovxwm tshaj tawm, cov npe ntawm cov rooj sib tham thiab cov xwm txheej, cov npe ntawm Microchip cov chaw muag khoom, cov neeg muag khoom thiab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Hoobkas
Product Change Notification Service
Microchip cov khoom hloov kev ceeb toom kev pabcuam pab kom cov neeg siv khoom tam sim no ntawm Microchip cov khoom. Cov neeg sau npe yuav tau txais email ceeb toom thaum twg muaj kev hloov pauv, hloov tshiab, hloov kho lossis qhov tsis raug cuam tshuam nrog rau tsev neeg cov khoom lag luam lossis cov cuab yeej tsim kev txaus siab.
Mus rau npe, mus rau www.microchip.com/pcn thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia sau npe.
Kev Pab Txhawb Cov Neeg Siv Khoom
Cov neeg siv khoom ntawm Microchip tuaj yeem tau txais kev pab los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev:
- Distributor lossis Tus Neeg Sawv Cev
- Lub Chaw Muag Khoom Hauv Zos
- Embedded Solutions Engineer (ESE)
- Kev pab txhawb nqa
Cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum hu rau lawv tus neeg xa khoom, tus neeg sawv cev lossis ESE rau kev txhawb nqa. Cov chaw muag khoom hauv zos kuj muaj los pab cov neeg siv khoom. Cov npe ntawm cov chaw muag khoom thiab cov chaw nyob muaj nyob hauv daim ntawv no.
Kev pab txhawb nqa muaj nyob rau ntawm webqhov chaw ntawm: www.microchip.com/support
Microchip Devices Code Protection Feature
Nco ntsoov cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no ntawm cov cai tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv Microchip:
- Cov khoom siv microchip ua tau raws li cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb uas muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov ntaub ntawv Microchip tshwj xeeb.
- Microchip ntseeg hais tias nws tsev neeg ntawm cov khoom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thaum siv raws li lub hom phiaj, nyob rau hauv kev khiav hauj lwm specifications, thiab nyob rau hauv ib txwm tej yam kev mob.
- Microchip muaj nuj nqis thiab tiv thaiv nws txoj cai kev txawj ntse. Kev sim ua txhaum cai tiv thaiv cov yam ntxwv ntawm Microchip cov khoom raug txwv nruj heev thiab tej zaum yuav ua txhaum txoj cai Digital Millennium Copyright Act.
- Tsis yog Microchip lossis lwm lub chaw tsim khoom semiconductor tuaj yeem lav qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm nws cov cai. Kev tiv thaiv Code tsis txhais hais tias peb tau lees tias cov khoom yog "tsis tawg". Kev tiv thaiv code yog hloov zuj zus mus tas li. Microchip tau cog lus tias yuav txhim kho txoj cai tiv thaiv cov yam ntxwv ntawm peb cov khoom tsis tu ncua
Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom
Cov ntawv tshaj tawm thiab cov ntaub ntawv no tsuas yog siv nrog cov khoom siv Microchip, suav nrog rau kev tsim, sim,
thiab koom nrog Microchip cov khoom lag luam nrog koj daim ntawv thov. Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv no ua txhaum lwm yam
nqe lus. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov ntawv thov ntaus ntawv tsuas yog muab rau koj yooj yim thiab tuaj yeem hloov pauv
los ntawm kev hloov tshiab. Nws yog koj lub luag haujlwm los xyuas kom meej tias koj daim ntawv thov ua tau raws li koj cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb. Hu rau koj
Microchip chaw muag khoom hauv zos rau kev txhawb nqa ntxiv lossis, tau txais kev txhawb nqa ntxiv ntawm www.microchip.com/en us/support/design-help/client-support-services.
Cov ntaub ntawv no yog muab los ntawm microchip "raws li yog". MICROCHIP tsis muaj kev sawv cev lossis kev lav phib xaub ntawm txhua yam txawm hais tias nthuav tawm lossis txhais, sau lossis hais lus, kev cai lij choj lossis lwm yam, cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub ntawv suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau WARNING TSIS TXAUS SIAB, Kev muag khoom, thiab kev nyab xeeb rau lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb, lossis kev lav phib xaub cuam tshuam txog nws qhov xwm txheej, zoo, lossis kev ua tau zoo.
TSIS MUAJ IB TUG MICROCHIP yuav raug lav rau txhua qhov kev cuam tshuam, tshwj xeeb, raug nplua, xwm txheej, lossis cuam tshuam rau kev poob, kev puas tsuaj, nqi, lossis kev siv nyiaj ntawm txhua yam kev cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv, lossis kev siv nyiaj txiag, MICROCHIP tau qhia txog qhov ua tau lossis qhov kev puas tsuaj yog FORESEEABLE. YUAV TSUM TAU TXAIS NTAWM LEEJ TWG, MICROCHIP TAG NRHO LUB SIJ HAWM NTAWM TXOJ CAI NTAWM TXOJ HAUJ LWM HAUV QHOV CHAW UA HAUJ LWM HAUJ LWM HAUJ LWM HAUJ LWM los yog nws siv yuav tsis pub tshaj tus nqi ntawm cov nqi, yog tias muaj, yog tias koj tau txais cov nyiaj tau los Xov xwm.
Kev siv cov khoom siv Microchip hauv kev txhawb nqa lub neej thiab / lossis daim ntawv thov kev nyab xeeb yog tag nrho ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom qhov kev pheej hmoo, thiab tus neeg yuav khoom pom zoo tiv thaiv, them nyiaj thiab tuav Microchip tsis raug mob los ntawm ib qho thiab tag nrho cov kev puas tsuaj, kev thov, foob, lossis cov nuj nqis uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv. Tsis muaj ntawv tso cai raug xa tawm, tsis hais los yog lwm yam, raws li cov cai ntawm Microchip cov cuab yeej cuab tam tshwj tsis yog hais tias lwm yam.
Quality Management System
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog Microchip's Quality Management Systems, thov mus saib www.microchip.com/quality.
Kev muag khoom thiab kev pabcuam thoob ntiaj teb
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Cov ntaub ntawv / Cov ntaub ntawv
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MICROCHIP Costas Loop Management [ua pdf] Cov neeg siv phau ntawv qhia Costas Loop Management, Loop Management, Management |