Ethernet Switch (Yowumitsa
Kusintha koyendetsedwa)
Quick Start Guide

Mawu oyamba

General
Bukuli limayambitsa kukhazikitsa, kugwira ntchito ndi machitidwe a Hardened Managed switch (pamenepa amatchedwa "chipangizo"). Werengani mosamala musanagwiritse ntchito chipangizocho, ndipo sungani bukhuli kuti lizigwiritsidwa ntchito mtsogolo.
Malangizo a Chitetezo
Mawu azizindikiro otsatirawa akhoza kuwoneka m'mabuku.

Zizindikiro za Mawu	Tanthauzo
Ngozi	Imawonetsa chiwopsezo chachikulu chomwe, ngati sichingapewedwe, chingayambitse imfa kapena kuvulala koopsa.
Chenjezo	Imawonetsa chiwopsezo chapakati kapena chochepa chomwe, ngati sichingapewedwe, chikhoza kuvulaza pang'ono kapena pang'ono.
Chenjezo	Zimasonyeza chiopsezo chomwe, ngati sichingapewedwe, chingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa katundu, kutayika kwa deta, kuchepetsa ntchito, kapena zotsatira zosayembekezereka.
Malangizo	Amapereka njira zothandizira kuthetsa vuto kapena kusunga nthawi.
Zindikirani	Amapereka chidziwitso chowonjezera ngati chowonjezera palemba.

Mbiri Yobwereza

Baibulo	Kubwereza Zomwe zili	Nthawi Yotulutsa
V1.0.2	● Kusintha zomwe zili mu chingwe cha GND. ● Kusintha ntchito mwachangu.	Juni 2025
V1.0.1	Kusintha zomwe zili poyambitsa ndi kuwonjezera chipangizocho.	Januware 2024
V1.0.0	Kutulutsidwa koyamba.	Ogasiti 2023

Chidziwitso Choteteza Zazinsinsi
Monga wogwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi kapena chowongolera data, mutha kutolera zidziwitso za ena monga nkhope yawo, zomvera, zidindo za zala, ndi nambala ya nambala ya laisensi. Muyenera kutsatira malamulo ndi malamulo oteteza zinsinsi zakudera lanu kuti muteteze ufulu ndi zokonda za anthu ena potsatira njira zomwe zikuphatikiza, koma sizimangokhala: Kupereka zizindikiritso zomveka bwino komanso zowoneka bwino kuti mudziwitse anthu za kukhalapo kwa malo omwe amawunikira komanso kupereka zidziwitso zofunikira.
Za Buku

• Bukuli ndi longofotokoza chabe. Kusiyana pang'ono kungapezeke pakati pa bukhuli ndi mankhwala.
• Sitili ndi udindo pa zotayika zomwe zawonongeka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa m'njira zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi bukhuli.
• Bukhuli lidzasinthidwa motsatira malamulo atsopano ndi malamulo a maulamuliro ogwirizana nawo.
• Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani buku la ogwiritsa ntchito mapepala, gwiritsani ntchito CD-ROM yathu, jambulani nambala ya QR kapena pitani kwa ovomerezeka athu webmalo. Bukuli ndi longofotokoza chabe. Kusiyana pang'ono kungapezeke pakati pa mtundu wamagetsi ndi mapepala.
• Mapangidwe onse ndi mapulogalamu amatha kusintha popanda chidziwitso cholembedwa. Zosintha zamalonda zitha kupangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana pakati pa chinthu chenichenicho ndi buku. Chonde lemberani makasitomala kuti mupeze pulogalamu yaposachedwa komanso zolemba zowonjezera.
• Pakhoza kukhala zolakwika pazosindikiza kapena zosiyana pofotokozera za ntchito, magwiridwe antchito ndi data yaukadaulo. Ngati pali chikaiko kapena mkangano uliwonse, tili ndi ufulu wofotokozera zomaliza.
• Sinthani pulogalamu ya owerenga kapena yesani mapulogalamu ena owerengera ngati bukuli (mu mtundu wa PDF) silingatsegulidwe.
• Zizindikiro zonse, zilembo zolembetsedwa ndi mayina amakampani omwe ali mubukuli ndi katundu wa eni ake.
• Chonde pitani kwathu webmalo, funsani wogulitsa kapena kasitomala ngati pali vuto lililonse mukamagwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho.
• Ngati pali kusatsimikizika kulikonse kapena mkangano, tili ndi ufulu wofotokozera zomaliza.

Zotetezera Zofunika ndi Machenjezo

Gawoli likuwonetsa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito bwino chipangizochi, kupewa ngozi, komanso kupewa kuwonongeka kwa katundu. Werengani mosamala musanagwiritse ntchito chipangizocho, ndikutsatira
malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito.
Zofunikira pamayendedwe
Kunyamula chipangizo pansi analola chinyezi ndi kutentha mikhalidwe.
Zofunika Posungira
Sungani chipangizocho pansi pa chinyezi chololedwa ndi kutentha.
Zofunikira pakuyika
Ngozi
Kukhazikika Kowopsa
Zotsatira zotheka: Chipangizochi chikhoza kugwa pansi ndikuvulaza kwambiri.
Njira zodzitetezera (kuphatikiza koma osalekezera ku):

• Musanayambe kukulitsa choyikapo ku malo oyika, werengani malangizo oyika.
• Pamene chipangizocho chaikidwa pa slide njanji, musaike katundu uliwonse pa icho.
• Osabweza njanji yama slide pomwe chipangizocho chidayikidwapo.

Chenjezo

• Osalumikiza adaputala yamagetsi ku chipangizochi pomwe adaputala imayatsidwa.
• Tsatirani mosamalitsa malamulo achitetezo amagetsi amderalo ndi miyezo. Onetsetsani kuti ambient voltage ndi yokhazikika ndipo imakwaniritsa zofunikira zamagetsi pa chipangizocho.
• Ogwira ntchito pamalo okwera ayenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti atsimikizire chitetezo chaumwini kuphatikizapo kuvala chisoti ndi malamba.
• Chonde tsatirani zofunikira zamagetsi kuti muyambitse chipangizochi.
• Zotsatirazi ndi zofunika posankha adaputala yamagetsi.
• Mphamvu zamagetsi ziyenera kugwirizana ndi zomwe IEC 60950-1 ndi IEC 62368-1 miyezo.
• Voltage ayenera kukwaniritsa SELV (Safety Extra Low Voltage) zofunika ndi zosapitirira ES-1 miyezo.
• Pamene mphamvu ya chipangizo sichidutsa 100 W, magetsi ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za LPS ndipo asakhale apamwamba kuposa PS2.
• Timalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito adaputala yamagetsi yoperekedwa ndi chipangizocho.
• Posankha adaputala yamagetsi, zofunikira zamagetsi (monga oveteredwa voltage) zimatengera chizindikiro cha chipangizocho.
• Musayike chipangizo pamalo pomwe pali dzuwa kapena pafupi ndi komwe kumatentha.
• Sungani chipangizocho kutali ndi dampness, fumbi, ndi mwaye.
• Ikani chipangizo pamalo olowera mpweya wabwino, ndipo musatseke mpweya wake.
• Gwiritsani ntchito adapter kapena magetsi operekedwa ndi wopanga.
• Osalumikiza chipangizo ndi mitundu iwiri kapena kupitilira apo, kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa chipangizocho.
• Chipangizocho ndi chida chamagetsi cha kalasi I. Onetsetsani kuti magetsi a chipangizochi alumikizidwa ndi socket yamagetsi yokhala ndi zoteteza.
• Mukayika chipangizocho, onetsetsani kuti pulagi yamagetsi imatha kufika mosavuta kuti mudule mphamvu.
• Voltage stabilizer ndi mphezi zoteteza mphezi ndizosankha kutengera mphamvu zenizeni zomwe zili pamalowo komanso malo ozungulira.
• Kuonetsetsa kutentha kwa kutentha, kusiyana pakati pa chipangizocho ndi malo ozungulira sikuyenera kukhala osachepera 10 masentimita kumbali ndi 10 masentimita pamwamba pa chipangizocho.
• Mukayika chipangizochi, onetsetsani kuti pulagi yamagetsi ndi cholumikizira chamagetsi zitha kufikika mosavuta kuti muzimitsa magetsi.

Zofunikira Zogwirira Ntchito

Ngozi

• Chipangizocho kapena chowongolera chakutali chili ndi mabatani a mabatani. Musameze mabatire chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha kutentha kwa mankhwala.
  Chotsatira chotheka: Batani lomezedwa limatha kuyambitsa kuyaka kwambiri mkati ndi kufa mkati mwa maola awiri.
  Njira zodzitetezera (kuphatikiza koma osalekezera ku):
  Sungani mabatire atsopano ndi ogwiritsidwa ntchito kutali ndi ana.
  Ngati chipinda cha batire sichinatsekedwe bwino, siyani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa nthawi yomweyo ndipo khalani kutali ndi ana.
  Funsani chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga ngati batire imakhulupirira kuti yamezedwa kapena kulowetsedwa mkati mwa gawo lililonse la thupi.
• Kusamala Pack Battery
  Njira zodzitetezera (kuphatikiza koma osalekezera ku):
  Osanyamula, kusunga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire pamalo okwera omwe ali ndi mphamvu yotsika komanso malo okhala ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kutsika kwambiri.
  Osataya mabatire pamoto kapena ng'anjo yotentha, kapena kuphwanya kapena kudula mabatire mwa makina kuti apewe kuphulika.
  Osasiya mabatire m'malo omwe ali ndi kutentha kwambiri kuti mupewe kuphulika ndi kutayikira kwamadzi oyaka kapena gasi.
  Osayika mabatire kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa mpweya kuti mupewe kuphulika komanso kutayikira kwamadzi kapena gasi woyaka.

Chenjezo

• Kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi kunyumba kungayambitse kusokoneza kwa wailesi.
• Ikani chipangizocho pamalo omwe ana sangathe kuwapeza mosavuta.
• Musati disassemble chipangizo popanda malangizo akatswiri.
• Gwiritsirani ntchito chipangizocho mkati mwa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zolowera ndi zotulutsa.
• Onetsetsani kuti magetsi ndi olondola musanagwiritse ntchito.
• Onetsetsani kuti chipangizocho chazimitsidwa musanamasule mawaya kuti musavulale.
• Osamasula chingwe chamagetsi pambali pa chipangizo pomwe adaputala yayatsidwa.
• Ikani chipangizocho pamalo otetezera musanayatse.
• Gwiritsani ntchito chipangizo pansi pa chinyezi chololedwa ndi kutentha.
• Osagwetsa kapena kuwaza madzi pa chipangizocho, ndipo onetsetsani kuti palibe chinthu chodzazidwa
• madzi pa chipangizo kuteteza madzi kuti asalowemo.
• Kutentha kwa ntchito: -30 °C mpaka +65 °C (-22 °F mpaka +149 °F).
• Ichi ndi mankhwala a kalasi A. M'nyumba izi zitha kuyambitsa kusokoneza kwa wayilesi pomwe mungafunike kuchitapo kanthu moyenera.
• Osatsekereza mpweya wabwino wa chipangizocho ndi zinthu, monga nyuzipepala, nsalu ya tebulo kapena nsalu yotchinga.
• Osayika lawi lotseguka pa chipangizocho, monga kandulo yoyaka.

Zofunika Kusamalira
Ngozi
Kusintha mabatire osafunikira ndi mtundu wolakwika wa mabatire atsopano kungayambitse kuphulika.
Njira zodzitetezera (kuphatikiza koma osalekezera ku):

• Bwezerani mabatire osafunika ndi mabatire atsopano amtundu womwewo ndi chitsanzo kuti mupewe ngozi ya moto ndi kuphulika.
• Tayani mabatire akale monga mwalangizidwa.

Chenjezo
Zimitsani chipangizocho musanakonze.

Zathaview

1.1 Mawu Oyamba
Chogulitsacho ndi chosinthira cholimba. Wokhala ndi injini yosinthira magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, chosinthira chimagwira ntchito bwino. Ili ndi kuchedwa kocheperako, buffer yayikulu komanso yodalirika kwambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zonse komanso zopanda mpweya, chipangizochi chimakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu komanso kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zochepa, kumagwira ntchito m'malo oyambira -30 °C mpaka +65 °C (-22 °F mpaka +149 °F). Chitetezo champhamvu cholowera chimatha kupitilira, kupitiliratage ndi EMC amatha kukana kusokonezedwa ndi magetsi osasunthika, mphezi, ndi kugunda. Kusungirako mphamvu ziwiri kumatsimikizira kugwira ntchito mokhazikika kwadongosolo. Komanso, kudzera mu cloud management, webkasamalidwe ka tsamba, SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), ndi ntchito zina, chipangizochi chikhoza kuyendetsedwa patali. Chipangizochi chimagwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza nyumba, nyumba, mafakitale ndi maofesi.
Kuwongolera mtambo kumatanthauza kuyang'anira chipangizochi kudzera mu mapulogalamu a DoLynk ndi webmasamba. Jambulani kachidindo ka QR m'bokosi loyikamo kuti mudziwe momwe mungayendetsere magwiridwe antchito amtambo.
1.2 Zosintha

• Imakhala ndi kasamalidwe ka mafoni ndi pulogalamu.
  Imathandizira mawonekedwe a network topology.
• Imathandizira kukonza koyimitsa kamodzi.
• 100/1000 Mbps downlink magetsi madoko (PoE) ndi 1000 Mbps uplink magetsi madoko kapena kuwala madoko.
• Madoko a uplink amatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
• Imathandizira IEEE802.3af, IEEE802.3at muyezo. Madoko ofiira amathandizira IEEE802.3bt, ndipo amagwirizana ndi Hi-PoE. Madoko a Orange amagwirizana ndi Hi-PoE.
• Imathandizira magetsi a 250m mtunda wautali wa PoE.

Mu Extend Mode, mtunda wotumizira wa doko la PoE ndi mpaka 250 m koma kuchuluka kwa kutumizira kumatsikira ku 10 Mbps. Mtunda weniweni wotumizira ukhoza kusiyana chifukwa cha kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kwa zipangizo zolumikizidwa kapena mtundu wa chingwe ndi udindo.

• PoE watchdog.
• Imathandizira mawonekedwe a network topology. ONVIF imawonetsa zida zomaliza ngati IPC.
• PoE Wosatha.
• Kusintha kwa VLAN kutengera IEEE802.1Q.
• Mapangidwe opanda fan.
• Kukwera pakompyuta ndi DIN-njanji yokwera.

Port ndi Chizindikiro

2.1 Gulu Lakutsogolo
Front Panel (100 Mbps)
Chithunzi chotsatirachi ndi chongofotokozera zokhazokha, ndipo chikhoza kusiyana ndi malonda enieni.Table 2-1 Mafotokozedwe a Chiyankhulo

Ayi.	Kufotokozera
1	10/100 Mbps yodzisintha yokha ya PoE port.
2	1000 Mbps uplink Optical port.
3	Chizindikiro cha mphamvu. ● Yatsani: Yatsani. ● Kuzimitsa: Kuzimitsa.
4	Bwezeretsani Batani. Dinani ndikugwira kwa masekondi opitilira 5, dikirani mpaka zizindikiro zonse zitakhazikika, ndikumasula. Chipangizocho chimabwerera ku zoikamo zosasintha.
5	Chizindikiro cha PoE port status. ● Pa: Mothandizidwa ndi PoE. ● Kuzimitsa: Osayendetsedwa ndi PoE.
6	Kulumikizana kwa doko limodzi kapena chizindikiro chotumizira deta (Link/Act). ● Yatsekedwa: Yolumikizidwa ku chipangizo. ● Ozimitsa: Osalumikizidwa ku chipangizo. ● Kuwala: Kutumiza deta kuli mkati.

Ayi.	Kufotokozera
7	Chizindikiro cha mawonekedwe olumikizana (Ulalo) wa doko la uplink Optical. ● Yatsekedwa: Yolumikizidwa ku chipangizo. ● Ozimitsa: Osalumikizidwa ku chipangizo.
8	Chizindikiro cha data transmission status (Act) cha uplink Optical port. ● Kuwala: 10 Mbps/100 Mbps/1000 Mbps kutumiza kwa data kukuchitika. ● Kuzimitsa: Palibe kutumiza kwa data.
9	Chizindikiro cholumikizira kapena kutumiza deta (Link/Act) uplink Optical port. ● Yatsekedwa: Yolumikizidwa ku chipangizo. ● Ozimitsa: Osalumikizidwa ku chipangizo. ● Kuwala: Kutumiza deta kuli mkati.

Front Panel (1000 Mbps)Table 2-2 Mafotokozedwe a Chiyankhulo

Ayi.	Kufotokozera
1	10/100/1000 Mbps yodzisintha yokha ya PoE doko.
2	Bwezeretsani Batani. Dinani ndikugwira kwa masekondi opitilira 5, dikirani mpaka zizindikiro zonse zitakhazikika, ndikumasula. Chipangizocho chimabwerera ku zoikamo zosasintha.
3	Chizindikiro cha mphamvu. ● Yatsani: Yatsani. ● Kuzimitsa: Kuzimitsa.
4	Console port. Siri port.
5	1000 Mbps uplink Optical port.
6	Chizindikiro cha PoE port status. ● Pa: Mothandizidwa ndi PoE. ● Kuzimitsa: Osayendetsedwa ndi PoE.

Ayi.	Kufotokozera
7	Kulumikizana kwa doko limodzi kapena chizindikiro chotumizira deta (Link/Act). ● Yatsekedwa: Yolumikizidwa ku chipangizo. ● Ozimitsa: Osalumikizidwa ku chipangizo. ● Kuwala: Kutumiza deta kuli mkati.
8	Kutumiza kwa data ndi chizindikiro cha mawonekedwe olumikizana (Ulalo / Act) padoko la uplink Optical. ● Yatsekedwa: Yolumikizidwa ku chipangizo. ● Ozimitsa: Osalumikizidwa ku chipangizo. ● Kuwala: Kutumiza deta kuli mkati.
9	Chizindikiro cha mawonekedwe olumikizana (Ulalo) wa doko la Ethernet. ● Yatsekedwa: Yolumikizidwa ku chipangizo. ● Ozimitsa: Osalumikizidwa ku chipangizo.
10	Chizindikiro cha data transmission status (Act) cha doko la Ethernet. ● Kuwala: Kutumiza kwa data kwa 10/100/1000 Mbps kuli mkati. ● Kuzimitsa: Palibe kutumiza kwa data.
11	10/100/1000 Mbps uplink Efaneti doko. Zosintha za 4-port zokha zimathandizira madoko a Ethernet a uplink.
12	Chizindikiro cha mawonekedwe olumikizana (Ulalo) wa doko la uplink Optical. ● Yatsekedwa: Yolumikizidwa ku chipangizo. ● Ozimitsa: Osalumikizidwa ku chipangizo.
13	Chizindikiro cha data transmission status (Act) cha uplink Optical port. ● Kuwala: Kutumiza kwa data kwa 1000 Mbps kuli mkati. ● Kuzimitsa: Palibe kutumiza kwa data.

2.2 Gulu Lambali
Chithunzi chotsatirachi ndi chongofotokozera zokhazokha, ndipo chikhoza kusiyana ndi malonda enieni.Table 2-3 Mafotokozedwe a Chiyankhulo

Ayi.	Dzina
1	Doko lamphamvu, zosunga mphamvu ziwiri. Imathandizira 53 VDC kapena 54 VDC.
2	Ground terminal.

Kukonzekera

• Sankhani njira yoyenera yoyika malinga ndi zosowa zanu zenizeni.
• Onetsetsani kuti nsanja yogwirira ntchito ndi yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika.
• Siyani malo okwana 10 cm kuti muzitha kutentha kuti muzitha kupuma bwino.

3.1 Desktop Mount
Kusintha kumathandizira kukwera kwa desktop. Ikani pa kompyuta yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika.
3.2 DIN-Rail Mount
Chipangizochi chimathandizira kukwera kwa njanji ya DIN. Gwirani mbedza pa njanji, ndipo kanikizani chosinthira kuti chiwongolerocho chilowe mu njanji.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imathandizira m'lifupi mwake mwa njanji. 4/8-doko imathandizira 38 mm ndi 16-doko imathandizira 50 mm.

Wiring

4.1 Kulumikiza GND Cable
Zambiri Zam'mbuyo
Kulumikizana kwa GND kwa chipangizo kumathandizira kuti chipangizocho chitetezedwe ndi mphezi komanso kusokoneza. Muyenera kulumikiza chingwe cha GND musanayatse pa chipangizocho, ndikuzimitsa chipangizocho musanadule chingwe cha GND. Pali zomangira za GND pa bolodi lachivundikiro cha chipangizo cha chingwe cha GND. Imatchedwa enclosure GND.
Ndondomeko
Khwerero 1 Chotsani screw ya GND pa mpanda wa GND ndi screwdriver.
Khwerero 2 Lumikizani mbali imodzi ya chingwe cha GND ku terminal yoponderezedwa ozizira, ndikuyiyika pa mpanda wa GND ndi screw ya GND.
Gawo 3 Lumikizani mbali ina ya chingwe cha GND pansi.
Gwiritsani ntchito waya wotchinga wachikasu wobiriwira wokhala ndi mbali yopingasa yosachepera 4 mm²
ndi kukana kwapansi osapitilira 4 Ω.
4.2 Kulumikiza SFP Ethernet Port
Zambiri Zam'mbuyo
Timalimbikitsa kuvala magolovesi oletsa antistatic musanayike gawo la SFP, ndiyeno valani dzanja la antistatic, ndikutsimikizira kuti dzanja la antistatic likugwirizana bwino ndi magolovesi.
Ndondomeko
Khwerero 1 Kwezani chogwirira cha SFP m'mwamba molunjika ndikupangitsa kuti isamamatire ku mbedza yapamwamba.
Khwerero 2 Gwirani gawo la SFP mbali zonse ndikukankhira pang'onopang'ono mu SFP mpaka gawo la SFP lilumikizidwe mwamphamvu ndi slot (Mungathe kumverera kuti pamwamba ndi pansi pa kasupe kasupe wa SFP amamatira mwamphamvu ndi SFP slot).
Chenjezo
Chipangizochi chimagwiritsa ntchito laser kufalitsa chizindikiro kudzera pa chingwe cha optical fiber. Laser imagwirizana ndi zofunikira zamtundu wa laser 1. Kuti mupewe kuvulala m'maso, musayang'ane doko la 1000 Base-X pomwe chipangizocho chayatsidwa.

• Mukayika SFP Optical module, musakhudze chala chagolide cha SFP Optical module.
• Osachotsa pulagi ya fumbi la SFP Optical module musanalumikizane ndi doko la kuwala.
• Osayika mwachindunji SFP Optical module ndi fiber optical yomwe imayikidwa mu slot. Chotsani kuwala kwa fiber musanayiyike.

Table 4-1 Kufotokozera SFP module

Ayi.	Dzina
1	Chala chagolide
2	Doko la kuwala
3	Mzere wa masika
4	Chogwirizira

4.3 Kulumikiza Power Cord
Zowonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi zimathandizira mphamvu zama tchanelo ziwiri, zomwe ndi PWR2 ndi PWR1. Mutha kusankha mphamvu ina yoperekera mphamvu mosalekeza pamene njira imodzi yamagetsi ikuphwanyidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yodalirika ikhale yodalirika kwambiri.
Zambiri Zam'mbuyo
Kuti mupewe kuvulazidwa, musakhudze mawaya aliwonse owonekera, potengera malo ndi malo omwe ali ndi ngozitage cha chipangizocho ndipo musamasule mbali kapena pulagi cholumikizira mukayatsa.

• Musanalumikize magetsi, onetsetsani kuti magetsi akugwirizana ndi zofunikira pamagetsi a chipangizocho. Kupanda kutero, zitha kuwononga chipangizocho.
• Tikukulimbikitsani kugwiritsa ntchito adapter yapayokha kuti mulumikizane ndi chipangizocho.

Table 4-2 Tanthauzo la terminal ya Mphamvu

Ayi.	Dzina la Port
1	Din njanji magetsi magetsi negative terminal
2	Din njanji magetsi positive terminal
3	Cholowa cha adapter yamphamvu

Ndondomeko
Gawo 1 Lumikizani chipangizo pansi.
Khwerero 2 Chotsani pulagi yamagetsi pa chipangizocho.
Khwerero 3 Lumikizani mbali imodzi ya chingwe chamagetsi mu pulagi yopangira magetsi ndikuteteza chingwe chamagetsi.
Chigawo cha chingwe chamagetsi ndi choposa 0.75 mm² ndipo gawo lalikulu kwambiri la mawaya ndi 2.5 mm².
Khwerero 4 Lowetsani pulagi yomwe yolumikizidwa ku chingwe chamagetsi kubwerera ku socket yamagetsi yofananira pa chipangizocho.
Khwerero 5 Lumikizani mbali ina ya chingwe chamagetsi kumagetsi akunja opangira magetsi molingana ndi zofunikira zamagetsi zomwe zalembedwa pa chipangizocho, ndikuwunika ngati chowunikira chamagetsi cha chipangizocho chayatsidwa, zikutanthauza kuti kulumikizidwa kwamagetsi ndikolondola ngati kuwala kwayatsidwa.
4.4 Kulumikiza PoE Ethernet Port
Ngati chipangizocho chili ndi doko la PoE Efaneti, mutha kulumikiza doko la PoE Efaneti mwachindunji ku doko la PoE Efaneti kudzera pa chingwe cha netiweki kuti mukwaniritse kulumikizana kolumikizidwa ndi netiweki ndi magetsi. Mtunda waukulu pakati pa chosinthira ndi chipangizo cha terminal ndi pafupifupi 100 m.
Mukalumikiza ku chipangizo chomwe sichina PoE, chipangizocho chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magetsi akutali.

Ntchito Yofulumira

5.1 Lowani ku Webtsamba
Mutha kulowa ku webtsamba kuti ligwire ntchito pa chipangizocho ndikuchiwongolera.
Kuti mulowetse koyamba, tsatirani zomwe zili pazenera kuti muyike mawu achinsinsi.
Table 5-1 Zokonda za fakitale

Parameter	Kufotokozera
IP adilesi	192.168.1.110/255.255.255.0
Dzina lolowera	admin
Mawu achinsinsi	Muyenera kukhazikitsa mawu achinsinsi olowera koyamba.

5.2 Kubwezeretsanso Chipangizo ku Zikhazikiko Zake Fakitale
Pali 2 njira kubwezeretsa chipangizo zoikamo fakitale.

• Press ndi kugwira Bwezerani batani kwa 5 masekondi.
• Lowani ku webtsamba la chipangizocho ndikuchita zofunikira pakukonzanso fakitale. Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa izi, onani buku la ogwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho.

Zowonjezera 1 Kudzipereka kwa Chitetezo ndi Malangizo

Dahua Vision Technology Co., Ltd. (yomwe tsopano imatchedwa "Dahua") imawona kufunikira kwakukulu pachitetezo cha cybersecurity ndi chitetezo chachinsinsi, ndipo ikupitilizabe kuyika ndalama zapadera kuti ipititse patsogolo chidziwitso cha chitetezo ndi kuthekera kwa ogwira ntchito ku Dahua ndikupereka chitetezo chokwanira pazogulitsa. Dahua yakhazikitsa gulu lachitetezo cha akatswiri kuti lipereke mphamvu zonse zachitetezo cha moyo wonse ndikuwongolera kapangidwe kazinthu, chitukuko, kuyesa, kupanga, kutumiza ndi kukonza. Pomwe tikutsatira mfundo yochepetsera kusonkhanitsa deta, kuchepetsa ntchito, kuletsa kuyika zitseko zakumbuyo, ndikuchotsa ntchito zosafunikira komanso zosatetezeka (monga Telnet), zinthu za Dahua zikupitilizabe kuyambitsa ukadaulo wachitetezo, ndikuyesetsa kukonza luso lotsimikizira chitetezo chazinthu, kupereka padziko lonse lapansi. ogwiritsa omwe ali ndi alamu yachitetezo ndi ntchito zoyankha zachitetezo cha 24/7 kuti ateteze bwino ufulu ndi zokonda za ogwiritsa ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, Dahua amalimbikitsa ogwiritsa ntchito, othandizana nawo, ogulitsa, mabungwe aboma, mabungwe amakampani ndi ofufuza odziyimira pawokha kuti afotokoze zoopsa zilizonse zomwe zitha kupezeka pazida za Dahua ku Dahua PSIRT, kuti mupeze njira zoperekera malipoti, chonde onani gawo lachitetezo cha cyber ku Dahua. ovomerezeka webmalo.
Kutetezedwa kwazinthu sikungofunika kuyang'anitsitsa mosalekeza ndi kuyesetsa kwa opanga mu R&D, kupanga, ndi kutumiza, komanso kutenga nawo gawo mwachangu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe angathandize kukonza chilengedwe ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito zinthu, kuti zitsimikizire bwino chitetezo chazogulitsa pambuyo pake. zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pazifukwa izi, timalimbikitsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azigwiritsa ntchito bwino chipangizochi, kuphatikiza koma osachepera:
Kuwongolera Akaunti

1. Gwiritsani ntchito mawu achinsinsi ovuta
   Chonde onani malingaliro awa kuti mukhazikitse mawu achinsinsi:
   Kutalika kwake sikuyenera kuchepera zilembo 8;
   Phatikizanipo mitundu iwiri ya zilembo: zilembo zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, manambala ndi zizindikilo;
   Musakhale ndi dzina la akaunti kapena dzina la akaunti motsatizana;
   Osagwiritsa ntchito zilembo zosalekeza, monga 123, abc, ndi zina zotero;
   Osagwiritsa ntchito zilembo zobwerezabwereza, monga 111, aaa, ndi zina.
2. Sinthani mawu achinsinsi nthawi ndi nthawi
   Ndibwino kuti nthawi ndi nthawi kusintha chipangizo achinsinsi kuchepetsa chiopsezo chongopeka kapena losweka.
3. Perekani maakaunti ndi zilolezo moyenera
   Onjezani moyenerera ogwiritsa ntchito malinga ndi zofunikira zautumiki ndi kasamalidwe ndikupereka chilolezo chocheperako kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
4. Yambitsani ntchito yotseka akaunti
   Ntchito yotseka akaunti imayatsidwa mwachisawawa. Mukulangizidwa kuti muyisunge kuti iteteze chitetezo cha akaunti. Pambuyo poyesa mawu achinsinsi omwe adalephera kangapo, akaunti yofananira ndi adilesi ya IP idzatsekedwa.
5. Khazikitsani ndikusintha zidziwitso zakukonzanso mawu achinsinsi munthawi yake
   Chipangizo cha Dahua chimathandizira kukonzanso mawu achinsinsi. Kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi owopseza, ngati pali kusintha kulikonse, chonde sinthani munthawi yake. Mukayika mafunso okhudzana ndi chitetezo, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito mayankho ongopeka mosavuta.

Kukonzekera Kwantchito

1. Yambitsani HTTPS
   Ndikofunikira kuti mulole HTTPS kuti ifike Web ntchito kudzera mu njira zotetezeka.
2. Kutumiza kwachinsinsi kwamawu ndi makanema
   Ngati zomwe zili mu data yanu yomvera ndi makanema ndizofunika kwambiri kapena zokhudzidwa, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mugwiritse ntchito njira yotumizira ma encrypted kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo cha zomwe mumamvetsera komanso makanema anu angamve pamene mukutumiza.
3. Zimitsani ntchito zosafunikira ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yotetezeka
   Ngati sikofunikira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzimitse ntchito zina monga SSH, SNMP, SMTP, UPnP, AP hotspot etc., kuti muchepetse malo owukira.
   Ngati ndi kotheka, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha mitundu yotetezeka, kuphatikiza koma osachepera pazithandizo zotsatirazi:
   SNMP: Sankhani SNMP v3, ndikukhazikitsa mawu achinsinsi achinsinsi komanso otsimikizira.
   SMTP: Sankhani TLS kuti mupeze seva yamakalata.
   FTP: Sankhani SFTP, ndikukhazikitsa mapasiwedi ovuta.
   AP hotspot: Sankhani WPA2-PSK encryption mode, ndikukhazikitsa mapasiwedi ovuta.
4. Sinthani HTTP ndi madoko ena osakhazikika
   Ndikofunikira kuti musinthe doko losakhazikika la HTTP ndi mautumiki ena ku doko lililonse pakati pa 1024 ndi 65535 kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chongoganiziridwa ndi owopseza.

Network Configuration

1. Yambitsani Lolani mndandanda
   Ndikofunikira kuti muyatse ntchito ya mndandanda wazololeza, ndikungolola IP pamndandanda wololeza kuti ipeze chipangizocho. Chifukwa chake, chonde onetsetsani kuti mwawonjezera adilesi ya IP yapakompyuta yanu ndi adilesi yothandizira IP pamndandanda wamalola.
2. Kumanga adilesi ya MAC
   Ndikofunikira kuti mumange adilesi ya IP pachipata ku adilesi ya MAC pa chipangizocho kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha ARP spoofing.
3. Pangani malo otetezeka a intaneti
   Pofuna kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha zida ndikuchepetsa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike pa intaneti, zotsatirazi ndizolimbikitsa:
   Zimitsani ntchito yojambula mapu a rauta kuti mupewe kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi zida za intranet kuchokera pamaneti akunja;
   Malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni maukonde, kugawa maukonde: ngati palibe kufunika kulankhulana pakati subnets awiri, Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito VLAN, pachipata ndi njira zina kugawa maukonde kukwaniritsa kudzipatula maukonde;
   Khazikitsani njira yotsimikizika ya 802.1x kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo chofikira osaloledwa pamaneti achinsinsi.

Security Auditing

1. Onani ogwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti
   Ndibwino kuti muyang'ane ogwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti nthawi zonse kuti muzindikire ogwiritsa ntchito osaloledwa.
2. Onani chipika chachipangizo
   By viewing logs, mutha kuphunzira za ma adilesi a IP omwe amayesa kulowa mu chipangizocho komanso ntchito zazikulu za ogwiritsa ntchito.
3. Konzani chipika cha netiweki
   Chifukwa cha kusungirako kochepa kwa zipangizo, chipika chosungidwa chimakhala chochepa. Ngati mukufuna kusunga chipikacho kwa nthawi yayitali, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito chipika cha netiweki kuti muwonetsetse kuti zipika zovuta zimalumikizidwa ku seva yama netiweki kuti mufufuze.

Software Security

1. Kusintha firmware mu nthawi
   Malinga ndi momwe makampani amagwirira ntchito, firmware yazida iyenera kusinthidwa kukhala mtundu waposachedwa kwambiri munthawi yake kuti zitsimikizire kuti chipangizocho chili ndi ntchito zaposachedwa komanso chitetezo. Ngati chipangizochi chikugwirizana ndi intaneti ya anthu, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito pa intaneti kuti zidziwike, kuti mupeze chidziwitso cha firmware chomwe chinatulutsidwa ndi wopanga panthawi yake.
2. Sinthani pulogalamu ya kasitomala munthawi yake
   Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mutsitse ndikugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yaposachedwa ya kasitomala.

Chitetezo Chakuthupi
Ndibwino kuti muteteze zida zakuthupi (makamaka zida zosungiramo), monga kuyika chipangizocho m'chipinda chodzipatulira cha makina ndi kabati, komanso kukhala ndi mwayi wowongolera ndi kasamalidwe kake kuti muteteze ogwira ntchito osaloledwa kuwononga zida ndi zida zina zotumphukira. (mwachitsanzo USB flash disk, serial port).
KUTHANDIZA KUKHALA ABWINO NDI MOYO WABWINO

ZHEJIANG DAHUA VISION TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
Adilesi: No. 1399, Binxing Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, PR China
Webtsamba: www.chuucocommy.com
Post kodi: 310053
Imelo: dhoverseas@dhvisiontech.com
Tel: +86-571-87688888 28933188

Zolemba / Zothandizira

Dahua Technology Ethernet Switch Yowumitsidwa Yowongolera Kusintha [pdf] Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito Kusintha Kwamphamvu kwa Ethernet Swichi Yowongoleredwa, Kusintha Kokhazikika Kwawolimba, Kusintha Kolimba Kwambiri, Kusintha Koyendetsedwa, Kusintha

Maumboni

• Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito