Okuqukethwe fihla
1 I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Umhlahlandlela Wokulinganisa Ukusebenza
2 Isingeniso
3 I-bandwidth esebenzayo
4 I-MIG Design Generation
5 Ukulungiswa Kokulingisa Ukusebenza kwe-RTL
6 Ukulingisa Ukusebenza Kwe-Traffic Generator
7 Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza
8 Imemori yesikhathi iphezulu
9 Ama-Overheads Okulawula
10 Izithenjwa
11 Izithenjwa
12 Okuthunyelwe Okuhlobene

I-Xilinx-logo

I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Umhlahlandlela Wokulinganisa Ukusebenza

Xilinx_DDR2_MIG_7_Performance-Estimation-product

Inothi elibalulekile: Le PDF elandekayo Yerekhodi Lempendulo ihlinzekwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenziseka nokufundeka kwayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi Impendulo Amarekhodi Web-okuqukethwe okusekelwe okubuyekezwa njalo njengoba ulwazi olusha lutholakala. Uyakhunjuzwa ukuthi uvakashele i-Xilinx Technical Support Webindawo kanye kabushaview (Xilinx Answer 63234) ukuze uthole inguqulo yakamuva yale Mpendulo.

Isingeniso

Ngenxa yendlela izinkumbulo ze-DDR2 ne-DDR3 ezakhiwe ngayo nesilawuli sochungechunge lwe-MIG 7 siklanywe, ukusebenza akuqondile ukuya phambili.
Kudinga ukuqonda kwamapharamitha ahlukahlukene we-Jedec Timing kanye ne-Control Architecture, futhi uzodinga ukusebenzisa ukulingisa ukuze uthole izilinganiso.
Umgomo ojwayelekile wokunquma ukusebenza uyefana kodwa lo mbhalo uhlinzeka ngendlela elula yokuthola ukusebenza kahle usebenzisa i-MIG example design ngosizo lwebhentshi lokuhlola kanye nesikhuthazo filekunamathiselwe lapha.

I-bandwidth esebenzayo

Ibhasi ledatha le-DRAM lifinyelela umkhawulokudonsa oseduze nesiqongo kuphela phakathi nokuqhuma kokufunda nokubhala futhi phezulu kwalo kwehlisa izinga ledatha elisebenzayo.
Ama-ex ambalwaampizici eziyinhloko yilezi:

  • isikhathi sokukhokhisa ngaphambili sokufinyelela imigqa ebhange elifanayo (Ikheli lokufinyelela alikho kuhithi yekhasi lomugqa elifanayo)
  • bhala isikhathi sokuthola ukuze ushintshe usuke ekubhaleni uye ekufinyeleleni kokufunda
  • isikhathi sokushintsha ibhasi ukuze sishintshe sisuka ekufundeni siye ekufinyeleleni kokubhala

I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-28
Umkhawulokudonsa Osebenzayo = Umkhawulokudonsa Ophakeme * Ukusebenza kahle 

I-MIG Design Generation

Bheka ku-UG586 Isahluko 1 ukuze uthole imininingwane yesinyathelo nesinyathelo ku-MIG IP kanye nesibample design isizukulwane.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ukulingisa kokusebenza kwe-MIG 7 Series, yenza okulandelayo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi indawo yakho yokulingisa ilungile. Vula i-MIG exampklama futhi wenze imephu yemitapo yolwazi efanelekile, sebenzisa ukulingisa, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi uyawubona umlayezo "ukuhlolwa okuphasile" kokulotshiweyo.
Ukukhombisa ukugeleza ngikhiqize i-MIG IP ye-xc7vx690tffg1761-2 futhi ngacela i-ex.ampumklamo.
Izinto ezimbili okufanele ziqashelwe izingcezu zekheli lememori nokukhetha kwemephu yekheli lememori.
Okwesiboneloample, ngikhethe i-MT41J128M8XX-125 ngaphansi kwezinketho zokudonsela phansi zengxenye yememori.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG-7-Performance-Estimation-fig-1

Ngengxenye yenkumbulo ekhethiwe evela kuMfanekiso-1, umugqa = 14, ikholomu = 10 nebhange = 3, ngakho-ke app_addr_width = irowu + ikholomu + ibhange + isikhundla= 28 I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-2

Ungakhetha i-BANK_ROW_COLUMN noma ikholomu ye-ROW BANK.
Ngishiye Ikholomu ethi ROW BANK okuyimephu yekheli elizenzakalelayo.

Example design Ukulingisa ngebhentshi lokuhlola elihlanganisiwe

Ngaphansi kwezilungiselelo zokulingisa, khetha i-QuestaSim/ModelSim Simulator bese upheqa endaweni yemitapo yolwazi ehlanganisiwe.
Ukuze uthole imininingwane ngokukhomba indlela yokufaka yamathuluzi enkampani yangaphandle, ukukhetha isifanisi esiqondiwe, kanye nokuhlanganisa nokubhala amalabhulali, ungabhekisela ku-(UG900) Vivado Design Suite User Guide Logic Simulation.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-3

Qalisa ukulingisa nge-GUI (Chofoza okuthi Run Simulation Tab kumphathi wephrojekthi) futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ubona umlayezo "ukuhlolwa kuphumelele" kokulotshiweyo.

Ukulungiswa Kokulingisa Ukusebenza kwe-RTL

  1. Chofoza kwesokudla ithebhu yemithombo, khetha “engeza noma dala imithombo yokulingisa”, bese upheqa ku-mig7_perfsim_traffic_generator.sv file bese uchofoza okuthi qeda ukuze uyengeze.
  2. Chofoza kwesokudla ithebhu yemithombo, khetha "engeza noma dala imithombo yokulingisa", phequlula ku-perfsim_stimulus.txt, bese uchofoza okuthi qeda ukuze uyengeze.
  3. Phawula nge exampi-le_top instantiation ku-sim_tb_top.v file.
  4. Engeza imigqa ye-RTL engezansi ku-sim_tb_top,v
  • localparam APP_ADDR_WIDTH = 28;
  • localparam APP_DATA_WIDTH = 64;
  • localparam APP_MASK_WIDTH = APP_DATA_WIDTH / 8;
  • localparam MEM_ADDR_ORDER = “BANK_ROW_COLUMN”;
  • localparam BANK_WIDTH = 3;
  • localparam RANK_WIDTH = 1;
  • ucingo [APP_ADDR_WIDTH-1:0] c0_ddr3_app_addr;
  • ucingo [2:0] c0_ddr3_app_cmd;
  • ucingo c0_ddr3_app_zu;
  • ucingo [APP_DATA_WIDTH-1:0] c0_ddr3_app_wdf_data;
  • ucingo c0_ddr3_app_wdf_end;
  • ucingo [APP_MASK_WIDTH-1:0] c0_ddr3_app_wdf_mask;
  • ucingo c0_ddr3_app_wdf_wren;
  • ucingo [APP_DATA_WIDTH-1:0] c0_ddr3_app_rd_data;
  • ucingo c0_ddr3_app_rd_data_end;
  • ucingo c0_ddr3_app_rd_data_valid;
  • ucingo c0_ddr3_app_rdy;
  • ucingo c0_ddr3_app_wdf_rdy;
  • iphutha c0_data_compare_error;
  • ucingo ui_clk;
  • wire ui_clk_sync_rst;
  • wire app_sr_req = 0;
  • wire app_ref_req = 0;
  • wire app_zq_req =0;
  • ucingo c0_app_wdf_mask =0;

Ukufakwa kwe-FPGA Memory Controller

mig_7series_0_mig u_mig_7series_0_mig (
// Izimbobo ze-Memory interface

  • .ddr3_addr (ddr3_addr_fpga),
  • .ddr3_ba (ddr3_ba_fpga),
  • .ddr3_cas_n (ddr3_cas_n_fpga),
  • .ddr3_ck_n (ddr3_ck_n_fpga),
  • .ddr3_ck_p (ddr3_ck_p_fpga),
  • .ddr3_cke (ddr3_cke_fpga),
  • .ddr3_ras_n (ddr3_ras_n_fpga),
  • .ddr3_reset_n (ddr3_reset_n),
  • .ddr3_we_n (ddr3_we_n_fpga),
  • .ddr3_dq (ddr3_dq_fpga),
  • .ddr3_dqs_n (ddr3_dqs_n_fpga),
  • .ddr3_dqs_p (ddr3_dqs_p_fpga),
  • .init_calib_complete (init_calib_complete),
  • .ddr3_cs_n (ddr3_cs_n_fpga),
  • .ddr3_dm (ddr3_dm_fpga),
  • .ddr3_odt (ddr3_odt_fpga),

// Izimbobo zokusebenzelana zohlelo lokusebenza

  • .app_addr (c0_ddr3_app_addr),
  • .app_cmd (c0_ddr3_app_cmd),
  • .app_zu (c0_ddr3_app_en),
  • .app_wdf_data (c0_ddr3_app_wdf_data),
  • .app_wdf_end (c0_ddr3_app_wdf_end),
  • .app_wdf_wren (c0_ddr3_app_wdf_wren),
  • .app_rd_data (c0_ddr3_app_rd_data),
  • .app_rd_data_end (app_rd_data_end),
  • .app_rd_data_valid (c0_ddr3_app_rd_data_valid),
  • .app_rdy (c0_ddr3_app_rdy),
  • .app_wdf_rdy (c0_ddr3_app_wdf_rdy),
  • .app_sr_req (app_sr_req),
  • .app_ref_req (app_ref_req),
  • .app_zq_req (app_zq_req),
  • .app_sr_active (app_sr_active),
  • .app_ref_ack (app_ref_ack),
  • .app_zq_ack (app_zq_ack),
  • .ui_clk (ui_clk),
  • .ui_clk_sync_rst (ui_clk_sync_rst),
  • .app_wdf_mask (c0_ddr3_app_wdf_mask),

// Izimbobo Zewashi Lesistimu

  • .sys_clk_i (sys_clk_i),

// Reference Clock Ports

  • .clk_ref_i (clk_ref_i),
  • .sys_rst (sys_rst)
  • );

Ukusebenza kwe-traffic generator

mig7_perfsim_traffic_generator#
(
.APP_DATA_WIDTH (APP_DATA_WIDTH),
.COL_WIDTH (COL_WIDTH),
.ROW_WIDTH (ROW_WIDTH),
.RANK_WIDTH (RANK_WIDTH),
.BANK_WIDTH (BANK_WIDTH),
.MEM_ADDR_ORDER (MEM_ADDR_ORDER),
.tCK (tCK),
.ADDR_WIDTH (APP_ADDR_WIDTH)
)

u_traffic_gen
(
.clk (ui_clk),
.rst (ui_clk_sync_rst ),
.init_calib_complete (init_calib_complete),
.cmp_error (c0_data_compare_error),
.app_wdf_rdy (c0_ddr3_app_wdf_rdy ),
.app_rd_data_valid (c0_ddr3_app_rd_data_valid),
.app_rd_data (c0_ddr3_app_rd_data ),
.app_rdy (c0_ddr3_app_rdy),
.app_cmd (c0_ddr3_app_cmd ),
.app_addr (c0_ddr3_app_addr ),
.app_zu (c0_ddr3_app_en ),
.app_wdf_mask (c0_ddr3_app_wdf_mask),
.app_wdf_data (c0_ddr3_app_wdf_data),
.app_wdf_end (c0_ddr3_app_wdf_end ),
.app_wdf_wren (c0_ddr3_app_wdf_wren)
);

  • 5. Lungisa i-APP_ADDR_WIDTH, APP_DATA_WIDTH, RANK_WIDTH kanye ne-BANK_WIDTH ngokuya ngengxenye yenkumbulo oyikhethile.
    Amanani angatholakala ku- _mig.v file.
  • Igama le-instantiation eligqanyisiwe eliphuzi elithi mig_7series_0_mig lingahluka ngokusekelwe kugama lengxenye yakho phakathi nokudalwa kwe-IP, qinisekisa ukuthi ukhethe igama elihlukile futhi ulishintshe ngokufanele.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-4
  • Lapho i-IP isikhiqiziwe, vula ifayela le- _mig.v file futhi uhlole ngokuphambene noma yikuphi ukuhluka kwamagama esignali ye-LHS futhi ukulungise.
  • app_sr_req, app_ref_req kanye ne-app_zq_req kufanele kuqaliswe ku-0.
  • Njengoba exampI-le_top.v iphawulwe futhi entsha files zengeziwe, cishe uzobona "?" ngaphandle kwe
    mig_7series_0_mig.v file ngaphansi kwemithombo yokulingisa.
    Ukuze wenze imephu okulungile file, chofoza kwesokudla ku-mig_7series_0_mig.v, khetha "Engeza Imithombo", Phequlula ku-
    /mig_7series_0_example.srcs/sources_1/ip/mig_7series_0/mig_7series_0/user_design/rtl
    bese wengeza i-mig_7series_0_mig_sim.v file.
  • Uma ubona "?" okwesisekelo files, engeza yonke i-RTL files kumafolda wewashi, isilawuli, ip_top, phy kanye ne-UI.
  • Uma izinguquko ze-RTL seziqediwe futhi konke okudingekayo files zengezwa kumithombo yakho yokulingisa, i-Hierarchy kufanele ifane noMdwebo 5.
    I fileama-s agqanyiswe ngokubomvu asanda kwengezwa, futhi "?" kulindeleke kumamojula ahlobene ne-ECC njengoba ukulungiselelwa kwememori ekhethiwe kunenketho ye-ECC ekhutshaziwe.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-5

Isikhuthazo File Incazelo
Iphethini ngayinye yesikhuthazo ingamabhithi angu-48 futhi ifomethi ichazwa kuMfanekiso 6-1 ukuya ku-6-4.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-6

Umbhalo Wekhodi Wekheli (Ikheli [35:0])

Ikheli libhalwe ngekhodi ku-stimulus ngokoMdwebo 7-1 kuya kuMfanekiso 7-6. Zonke izinkambu zamakheli zidinga ukufakwa ngefomethi ye-hexadecimal. Zonke izinkambu zamakheli ziwububanzi obuhlukaniseka ngesine ukuze bufakwe ngefomethi ye-hexadecimal. Ibhentshi lokuhlola lithumela kuphela izingcezu ezidingekayo zenkambu yekheli kusilawuli seMemori.
Okwesiboneloampfuthi, ekucushweni kwebhange eliyisishiyagalombili, ama-Bits asebhange kuphela [2:0] athunyelwa ku-Memory Controller futhi izingcezu ezisele azinakwa. Amabhithi engeziwe enkambu yekheli anikeziwe ukuze ufake ikheli ngefomethi ye-hexadecimal.
Kufanele uqinisekise inani elifakiwe lihambisana nobubanzi bokucushwa okunikeziwe.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-7

  • Ikheli Lekholomu (Ikholomu[11:0]) - Ikheli Lekholomu kusivuseleli linikezwa umkhawulo wamabhithi angu-12, kodwa udinga ukubhekana nalokhu ngokusekelwe kupharamitha yobubanzi bekholomu esethwe kumklamo wakho.
  • Ikheli Lomugqa (Umugqa[15:0]) - Ikheli lomugqa kusivuseleli linikezwa umkhawulo wamabhithi angu-16, kodwa udinga ukubhekana nalokhu ngokusekelwe kupharamitha yobubanzi bomugqa osethwe kumklamo wakho.
  • Ikheli Lebhange (Ibhange[3:0]) - Ikheli lasebhange kusivuseleli linikezwa umkhawulo wamabhithi amane, kodwa udinga ukubhekana nalokhu ngokusekelwe kupharamitha yobubanzi bebhange ebekwe kumklamo wakho.
  • Ikheli Lesikhundla (Izinga[3:0]) - Ikheli lezinga kusivuseleli linikezwa umkhawulo wamabhithi amane, kodwa udinga ukubhekana nalokhu ngokusekelwe kupharamitha yobubanzi bezinga ebekwe kumklamo wakho.
    Ikheli lihlanganiswa ngokusekelwe kupharamitha yezinga eliphezulu MEM_ADDR_ORDER futhi lithunyelwa kusixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi.

Umyalo Phinda (Command Repeat [7:0])
Isibalo sokuphindaphinda komyalo inombolo yesikhathi umyalo ofanele uphindwa ngaso Ku-User Interface. Ikheli lempinda ngayinye likhuphuka ngo-8. Isibalo esikhulu sokuphindaphinda singu-128.
Ibhentshi lokuhlola aliwuhloli umngcele wekholomu futhi liyagoqa uma umkhawulo wekholomu omkhulu ufinyelelwa ngesikhathi sokunyuswa.
Imiyalo engu-128 igcwalisa ikhasi. Kunoma yiliphi ikheli lekholomu ngaphandle kuka-0, isibalo sempinda esingu-128 sigcina siwela umngcele wekholomu futhi sizungeze kuze kube ekuqaleni kwekheli lekholomu.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwebhasi
Ukusetshenziswa kwebhasi kubalwa kusixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi kucatshangelwa inani eliphelele Lokufundiwe Nokubhalwayo futhi kusetshenziswa isibalo esilandelayo:

I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-8

  • I-BL8 ithatha imijikelezo yewashi lenkumbulo emine
  • I-end_of_stimulus yisikhathi lapho yonke imiyalo yenziwa khona.
  • calib_done yisikhathi lapho ukulinganisa kwenziwa.

Example Amaphethini
Lezi exampokuncane kusekelwe ku-MEM_ADDR_ORDER esethelwe ku-BANK_ROW_COLUMN.

Iphethini Yokufunda Okukodwa
00_0_2_000F_00A_1 - Le phethini ifundwa okukodwa kusukela kukholomu ye-10, umugqa we-15, nebhange lesibili.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-9Iphethini Yokubhala Okukodwa
00_0_1_0040_010_0 - Le phethini iwumbhalo owodwa oya kukholomu yama-32, umugqa we-128, kanye nebhange lokuqala.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-10Bhala Okukodwa futhi Ufunde Ekhelini elifanayo
00_0_2_000F_00A_0 – Le phethini iwumbhalo owodwa oya kukholomu ye-10, umugqa we-15, kanye nebhange lesibili.
00_0_2_000F_00A_1 – Le phethini ifundwa okukodwa kusukela kukholomu ye-10, umugqa we-15, nebhange lesibiliI-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-11

Okuningi Kubhala Nokufunda Ngekheli Elifanayo
0A_0_0_0010_000_0 – Lokhu kuhambisana nokubhala okungu-10 okunekheli eliqala ku-0 kuye ku-80 elingabonakala kukholamu.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-12

0A_0_0_0010_000_1 – Lokhu kuhambisana nokufundwa okungu-10 nekheli eliqala ku-0 kuye ku-80 elingabonakala kukholamu.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-13

Ukugoqa Ikhasi Ngesikhathi Sokubhala
0A_0_2_000F_3F8_0 – Lokhu kuhambisana nokubhala okungu-10 okunekheli lekholomu eligoqwe ekuqaleni kwekhasi ngemva kokubhala okukodwa.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-14

Ukulingisa Ukusebenza Kwe-Traffic Generator

Kuleli qophelo usuqedile nge-MIG example design simulation. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusetha kwakho ukulingisa sekulungile, wenze izinguquko ze-RTL zokulingisa ukusebenza, isigaba esisha sokulingisa silungile futhi usuwaqondile amaphethini okuvuselela. Qalisa ukulingisa futhi ngokubhala okungu-16 futhi ufunde kokuthi perfsim_stimulus.txt.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-15

Yenza sebenzisa konke, linda kuze kugonyelwe isignali ye-init_calib_complete, futhi uzokwazi ukubona inombolo ehlongozwayo yokubhala nokufunda. Ukulingisa kuzobe sekuma. I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-16

Uma utshelwa ukuthi uyeke ukulingisa, khetha Cha bese uya efasiteleni lokuloba lapho uzokwazi khona ukubona izibalo zokusebenza. I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-17

Uma ukhetha "yeka ukulingisa" izibalo zokusebenza zizobhalelwa a file okuthiwa mig_band_width_output.txt etholakala ku-sim_1/behave ifolda.

Example directory indlela: -
/mig_7series_0_example_perf_sim\mig_7series_0_example.sim/sim_1/behavI-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-18

Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani leli phesentitagukusetshenziswa kwebhasi ku-ony 29. Qalisa kabusha ukulingisa ngezilungiselelo ezifanayo ze-IP kodwa uvele uguqule isisusa file kuya ku-256 bhala futhi 256 ifundeke

ff_0_0_0000_000_0
ff_0_0_0000_000_1

Manje uzobona inanitage njengo-85, okusho ukuthi i-DDR3 inikeza ukusetshenziswa okungcono kwebhasi ngokulandelana okude kokubhala nokufunda. I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-19

Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza

Izinto ezinomthelela ekusebenzeni kahle zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili:

  1. Inkumbulo Specific
  2. Isilawuli SpecificI-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-20

Umfanekiso 9 unikeza i-overview yamagama aqondene ngqo nenkumbulo.
Ngokungafani nama-SRAM kanye nama-Block Memories DDR2 noma i-DDR3 ukusebenza akukona nje isilinganiso esiphezulu sedatha.

Kuncike ezintweni eziningi zesikhathi, okuhlanganisa:

  • I-tRCD: I-Row Command Delay (noma i-ras to cas delay).
  • I-tCAS(CL): Ikheli lekholomu ukubambezeleka kwe-strobe.
  • I-tRP: Ukulibaziseka kokushajwa kwangaphambili komugqa.
  • I-tRAS: Isikhathi Esisebenzayo Serowu (yenza isebenze ukuze ushintshe ngaphambilini).
  • I-tRC: Isikhathi somjikelezo werowu. tRC = tRAS + tRP
  • I-tRAC: Ukubambezeleka kokufinyelela okungahleliwe. tRAC = tRCD + tCAS
  • I-tCWL: Cas bhala ukubambezeleka.
  • I-tZQ: Isikhathi sokulinganisa se-ZQ.
  • I-tRFC: Isikhathi Somjikelezo Wokuvuselela Umugqa
  • I-tWTR: Bhala ukuze ufunde ukubambezeleka. Okokugcina ukubhala umsebenzi ukuze Funda isikhathi somyalo.
  • I-tWR: Bhala Isikhathi Sokubuyisela. Okokugcina ukubhala okwenziwe ku-Precharge time

Isikhathi sawo wonke amapharamitha asohlwini sincike ohlotsheni lwememori esetshenzisiwe kanye nebanga lesivinini sengxenye yememori.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe ngezincazelo kanye nokucaciswa kwesikhathi ingatholakala kokuthi DDR2 DDR3 JEDEC noma kunoma iyiphi idatha yedivayisi yememori.

Ukusebenza kahle kuncike kakhulu ekutheni inkumbulo ifinyelelwa kanjani. Amaphethini amakheli ahlukene anikeza imiphumela ehlukile yokusebenza kahle.

Imemori yesikhathi iphezulu

  1. Isikhathi sokwenza kusebenze nesikhathi sokushajwa ngaphambili uma ushintshela kumabhange/amarowu amasha noma ushintsha imigqa ngebhange elifanayo.- Ngakho-ke uma wehlisa ukushintsha komugqa, lokhu kungasusa i-tRCD ne-tRP.
  2. Thumela ukubhala okuqhubekayo noma ukufunda imiyalo -Ukugcina isikhathi se-tCCD.
  3. Nciphisa ukubhala ukuze ufunde futhi ufunde ukuze ubhale ukushintshwa komyalo - Bhala isikhathi sokubuyisela ukuze ushintshe ukuze ufunde ukufinyelela, isikhathi sokushintsha ibhasi ukuze ushintshe usuka ekufundeni uye ekubhaleni
  4. Setha isikhawu sokuvuselela esifanele.
    • I-DDR3 SDRAM idinga imijikelezo yokuvuselela ngezikhathi ezithile ezimaphakathi ze-tREFI.
    • Ubuningi bemiyalo yokuvuselela engu-8 eyengeziwe ingakhishwa kusengaphambili (“kudonswe ngaphakathi”). Lokhu akunciphisi inani lokuvuselela, kodwa isikhawu esiphezulu phakathi kwemiyalelo emibili ezungezile yokuvuselela inqunyelwe ku-9 × tREFI.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-21
  • Sebenzisa wonke amabhange - Kukhethwa indlela yokukhuluma efanelekile.
    • I-Row-Bank-Column: Ngokwenzekayo okwenzeka endaweni yekheli elandelanayo, umongo uvula ngokuzenzakalelayo umugqa ofanayo ebhange elilandelayo ledivayisi ye-DRAM ukuze uqhubeke nomsebenzi lapho kufinyelelwa isiphetho somugqa okhona. Ifaneleka kahle ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga ukuqhuma kwamaphakethe edatha amakhulu ezindaweni zamakheli alandelanayo.
    • Ikholomu Yomugqa Wasebhange: Lapho weqa umngcele womugqa, umugqa wamanje uzovalwa futhi omunye umugqa uzovulwa ngaphakathi kwebhange elifanayo. I-MSB yikheli lasebhange, elingasetshenziswa ukushintsha amabhange ahlukene. Ilungele ukuthengiselana okufushane, okungahleliwe kubhulokhi eyodwa yenkumbulo isikhathi esithile bese weqela kwelinye ibhulokhi (ibhange)
  • Ubude Be-Burst
    • I-BL 8 isekelwa i-DDR3 ochungechungeni oluyisi-7. I-BC4 inokusebenza kahle okuphansi kakhulu okungaphansi kwama-50%. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isikhathi sokwenziwa kwe-BC4 siyefana ne-BL8. Idatha isanda kuvalwa ngaphakathi kwengxenye.
    • Ezimeni lapho ungafisi ukubhala ukuqhuma okuphelele, kungaba imaski yedatha noma ukubhala ngemva kokufunda kungacatshangelwa.
  • Setha isikhawu se-ZQ esifanele (i-DDR3 Kuphela)
    Isilawuli sithumela yomibili imiyalo Yokulinganisa i-ZQ Short (ZQCS) kanye ne-ZQ Long (ZQCL).
    • Namathela ku-DDR3 Jedec Standard
    • Ukulinganisa kwe-ZQ kuxoxwe ngakho esigabeni 5.5 se-JEDEC Spec JESD79-3 DDR3 SDRAM Standard
    • I-ZQ Calibration ilinganisa i-On Die Termination (ODT) ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kulandiswe ngokuhlukahluka kuyo yonke i-VT
    • Umqondo uqukethwe kokuthi bank_common.v/vhd
    • Ipharamitha Tzqcs inquma izinga lapho umyalo we-ZQ Calibration uthunyelwa khona kumemori
    • t kungenzeka ukukhubaza ikhawunta futhi uthumele ngesandla usebenzisa i-app_zq_req, Kuyafana nokuthumela mathupha Ukuvuselela.
      Bheka ku-(Xilinx Answer 47924) ukuze uthole imininingwane.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-22

Ama-Overheads Okulawula

  1. Ukufundwa Kwezikhathi - Bheka ku (Xilinx Answer 43344) ukuze uthole imininingwane.
    • Ungashintshi isikhathi sokufunda
    • Yeqa ukufunda ngezikhathi ezithile ngesikhathi sokubhala futhi ukhiphe inombolo yokufundwa okugejiwe ngaphambi kokufundwa kweqiniso
  2. Ukuhlela kabusha - Bheka (Xilinx Answer 34392) ukuze uthole imininingwane.
    Ngemiklamo yomsebenzisi neye-AXI Interface kungcono ukuthi lokhu kunikwe amandla.
    • Ukuhlela kabusha kuwumqondo obheka phambili imiyalo eminingana futhi ishintsha umyalo womyalo womsebenzisi ukuze wenze imiyalo engeyona eyenkumbulo ingathathi umkhawulokudonsa ovumelekile. Ukusebenza futhi kuhlobene nephethini yangempela yethrafikhi.
    • Ngokusekelwe kuphethini yekheli, ukuhlela kabusha kusiza ukweqa ukushajwa kwangaphambili nokusebenzisa imiyalo futhi kwenza i-tRCD ne-tRP ingathathi ububanzi bebhendi yedatha.I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-23
  3. Zama ukwandisa isibalo seMishini Yasebhange.
    • Iningi lomqondo wesilawuli lihlala emishinini yasebhange futhi lihambelana namabhange e-DRAM
    • Umshini othile wasebhange uphatha ibhange elilodwa le-DRAM nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
    • Ukunikezwa komshini wasebhange kuyashintsha ngakho akudingekile ukuba nomshini wasebhange webhange ngalinye eliphathekayo.
    • Imishini yasebhange ingalungiswa, kodwa iwukuhwebelana phakathi kwendawo nokusebenza.
    • Inombolo evumelekile yemishini yasebhange isukela ku-2-8.
    • Ngokuzenzakalelayo, Imishini Yasebhange engu-4 ilungiswa ngamapharamitha e-RTL.
    • Ukuze ushintshe Imishini Yasebhange, cabangela ipharamitha nBANK_MACHS = 8 equkethwe ku-memc_ui_top Example yeMishini Yasebhange engu-8 – nBANK_MACHS = 8

Manje usuyazi izici ezithonya ukusebenza.
Cabangela uhlelo lokusebenza olukhuphuka nomfula olukunikeza amabhayithi edatha angu-512 iphakethe ngalinye futhi udinga ukuwalondoloza ezindaweni ezihlukene zememori. Njengoba amabhayithi edatha angu-512 alingana nokuqhuma kwedatha okungu-64 DDR3, qalisa kabusha i-ex.ample design nge-stimulus file equkethe ukubhala okungu-512, okungu-512 okufundwayo nokushintshwa kwemigqa kukho konke okubhaliwe noma okufundiwe okungu-64:

  • 3f_0_0_0000_000_0
  • 3f_0_0_0001_000_0
  • 3f_0_0_0002_000_0
  • 3f_0_0_0003_000_0
  • 3f_0_0_0004_000_0
  • 3f_0_0_0005_000_0
  • 3f_0_0_0006_000_0
  • 3f_0_0_0007_000_0
  • 3f_0_0_0000_000_1
  • 3f_0_0_0001_000_1
  • 3f_0_0_0002_000_1
  • 3f_0_0_0003_000_1
  • 3f_0_0_0004_000_1
  • 3f_0_0_0005_000_1
  • 3f_0_0_0006_000_1
  • 3f_0_0_0007_000_1

Ekupheleni kokulingisa uzobona ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwebhasi kukumaphesenti angama-77. I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-24

Umfanekiso 11: Izibalo Zokusebenza ze-512 ibhala futhi 512 ifundeka - Ukushintsha umugqa ku-64 bhala noma ufundiwe. 

Manje ungasebenzisa ulwazi olufundiwe esigabeni sangaphambilini ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle. Nge view ekusebenziseni wonke amabhange esikhundleni sokushintsha umugqa, shintsha iphethini yekheli ukuze ushintshe ibhange njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi.
Lokhu kulingana nokusetha ROW_BANK_Ikholomu kusilungiselelo semephu yekheli lememori ku-MIG GUI.

  • 3f_0_0_0000_000_0
  • 3f_0_1_0000_000_0
  • 3f_0_2_0000_000_0
  • 3f_0_3_0000_000_0
  • 3f_0_4_0000_000_0
  • 3f_0_5_0000_000_0
  • 3f_0_6_0000_000_0
  • 3f_0_7_0000_000_0
  • 3f_0_0_0000_000_1
  • 3f_0_1_0000_000_1
  • 3f_0_2_0000_000_1
  • 3f_0_3_0000_000_1
  • 3f_0_4_0000_000_1
  • 3f_0_5_0000_000_1
  • 3f_0_6_0000_000_1
  • 3f_0_7_0000_000_1

Ekupheleni kokulingisa uzobona ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwebhasi okungamaphesenti angama-77 manje sekungama-87! I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-25

Uma usadinga ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ungaya kumasayizi amakhulu ephakethe lamabhayithi angu-1024 noma angu-2048, noma ucabangele ukuvuselela okwenziwa ngesandla.

Qaphela: I-Xilinx ayikukhuthazi ukweqa ukuvuselela isilawuli njengoba singaqiniseki ukuthi uzokwazi yini ukuhlangabezana nesikhathi sokuvuselela ngokuzenzakalela se-Jedec esithinta ukuthembeka kwedatha.
Kusukela ohlangothini lwesilawuli ungashintsha i-nBANk_MACH futhi ubone ukuthuthuka kokusebenza.
Nokho, lokhu kungase kuthinte isikhathi sakho sokuklama, sicela ubhekisele kuso (Xilinx Answer 36505) ukuze uthole imininingwane ku-nBANk_MACHI-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-26

Vula i-core_name_mig_sim.v file futhi ushintshe amapharamitha nBANK_MACHS ukusuka koku-4 kuye ku-8 bese uqalisa kabusha ukulingisa. Ukuze wenze inani lepharamitha lisebenze ku-hardware, udinga ukubuyekeza i-core_name_mig.v file.
Ngisebenzise iphethini efanayo lapho sithole u-87% wokusetshenziswa kwamabhasi (umdwebo -12).
Njengoba i-nBANK_MACHS isethelwe ku-8, ukusebenza kahle manje sekungu-90%. I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Performance Estimation-fig-27

Futhi qaphela ukuthi izilawuli ezingu-½ nezingu-¼ zithinta kabi ukusebenza kahle ngenxa yokubambezeleka kwazo.
Okwesiboneloampfuthi, njengoba singathumela kuphela imiyalo njalo emijikelezweni engu-4 CK kuba khona ukupheda okwengeziwe lapho unamathela kuncanyana yemininingwane yesikhathi ye-DRAM, enganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwethiyori.
Zama izilawuli ezihlukene ukuze uthole leyo ehambisana nesidingo sakho sokusebenza kahle.

Izithenjwa

  1. I-Zynq-7000 AP SoC kanye ne-7 Series FPGAs MIS v2.3 [UG586]
  2. I-Xilinx MIG Solution Center http://www.xilinx.com/support/answers/34243.html

Umlando Wokubuyekeza
13/03/2015 - Ukukhishwa kokuqala

Landa i-PDF: I-Xilinx DDR2 MIG 7 Umhlahlandlela Wokulinganisa Ukusebenza

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