PARALLAX INC 28041 LaserPING Rangefinder Module
LaserPING 2m Rangefinder yana ba da hanya mai sauƙi na auna nisa. Wannan firikwensin kusa-infrared, firikwensin lokacin tashi (TOF) shine manufa don ɗaukar ma'auni tsakanin abubuwa masu motsi ko a tsaye. Ana amfani da fil ɗin I/O guda ɗaya don bincika firikwensin LaserPING don sabon ma'aunin tazararsa, da karanta amsa. Ana iya amfani da LaserPING 2m Rangefinder tare da kusan kowane microcontroller, ta amfani da yanayin PWM ko yanayin serial na zaɓi. An tsara shi don zama da'irar- da lambar-jituwa tare da PING))) Sensor Distance Ultrasonic, yin aikace-aikacen daidaitawa inda ya kamata a yi la'akari da yanayin yanayi daban-daban. Ana iya ɗaukar ma'auni ta taga acrylic don kare firikwensin.
Haɗin haɗin haɗin firikwensin firikwensin yana tabbatar da ingantattun matakan dabaru. Haɗin I/O ɗin sa suna aiki a daidai voltage wanda aka kawo zuwa fil ɗin VIN, don dacewa da 3.3V da 5V microcontrollers.
Siffofin
- Ma'aunin nesa mara lamba tare da kewayon 2-200 cm
- An riga an daidaita masana'anta don daidaito tare da ƙudurin 1 mm
- Ido-lafiya mara ganuwa kusa-infrared (IR) haska ta amfani da ajin 1 Laser emitter
- Maimaita kariyar polarity idan aka musanya VIN da GND da gangan
- A kan faifan microprocessor yana ɗaukar hadadden lambar firikwensin
- Mai jituwa tare da 3.3V da 5V microcontrollers
- Gurasar-aboki-daki 3-pin SIP tsari-factor tare da ramin hawa
Ra'ayoyin Aikace-aikace
- Nazarin ilimin lissafi
- Tsarin tsaro
- Nunin nunin raye-raye masu motsi
- Tsarin kewayawa na robotics da tsarin mataimakan kiliya
- Aikace-aikace masu mu'amala kamar gano hannun hannu da ganewar karimcin 1D
- Gano girma ko tsayi a tsarin sarrafa tsari
Maɓalli Maɓalli
- Laser: 850 nm VCSEL (A tsaye Cavity Surface Emitting Laser)
- Rage: 2-200 cm
- Ƙaddamarwaku: 1 mm
- Yawan wartsake na yau da kullunYanayin PWM 15 Hz, Yanayin serial 22 Hz
- Bukatun wutar lantarki: +3.3V zuwa +5 VDC; 25mA ku
- Yanayin aiki: +14 zuwa +140 °F (-10 zuwa +60 °C)
- Laser ido aminci: samfurin Laser Class 1 na kusa-infrared
- Filin haskakawa: 23°°
- Filin view: 55°°
- Fasali: 3-pin namiji header tare da 0.1 inch tazara
- PCB girma: 22 x 16 mm
Farawa
Haɗa fil ɗin firikwensin LaserPING zuwa wuta, ƙasa, da fil ɗin I/O na microcontroller kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin zane. Lura cewa zane yana nuna bayan firikwensin; nuna bangaren bangaren zuwa ga abin da kake so. Na'urar firikwensin LaserPING yana samun goyan bayan BlocklyProp blocks, dakunan karatu na Propeller C, da exampcode na BASIC Stamp da Arduino Uno. Yana da kewayawa- da lambar da ta dace da aikace-aikacen PING))) Sensor Distance Ultrasonic (#28015). Nemo abubuwan zazzagewa da hanyoyin koyarwa akan shafin samfurin firikwensin; bincika "28041" awww.parallax.com.
Ka'idar Sadarwa
Na'urar firikwensin tana fitar da bugun bugun laser infrared (IR) wanda ke tafiya ta cikin iska, yana nuna abubuwa sannan ya koma kan firikwensin. Na'urar LaserPING tana auna daidai tsawon tsawon lokacin da bugun bugun Laser da aka nuna zai ɗauka don komawa zuwa firikwensin, kuma yana canza ma'aunin wannan lokacin zuwa millimeters, tare da ƙudurin 1 mm. Mai kula da microcontroller ɗinku yana buƙatar ƙirar LaserPING don sabon ma'auni (wanda aka wartsake kusan kowane 40 ms) sannan ya karɓi ƙimar baya akan fil ɗin I/O iri ɗaya, azaman ko dai bugun bugun jini mai faɗi a cikin yanayin PWM, ko azaman haruffa ASCII a cikin serial. yanayin.
Yanayin PWM
An tsara yanayin tsoho na PWM don zama mai dacewa da lamba tare da PING))) Sensor Distance Ultrasonic (#28015) lambar. Yana iya sadarwa tare da 3.3 V ko 5 V TTL ko CMOS microcontrollers. Yanayin PWM yana amfani da mahallin bugun bugun jini na TTL biyu akan fin I/O guda ɗaya (SIG). Fin ɗin SIG zai yi ƙasa kaɗan, kuma duka bugun bugun bugun jini da bugun bugun sauti za su kasance mai inganci, a vol na VIN.tage.
| Faɗin bugun bugun jini | Sharadi |
| 115 zuwa 290 µs | Rage ma'aunin daidaito |
| 290µs zuwa 12 ms | Mafi girman daidaito auna |
| 13 ms | Auna mara inganci - maƙasudi ya yi kusa sosai ko kuma yayi nisa |
| 14 ms | Kuskuren firikwensin ciki |
| 15 ms | Kashe lokacin firikwensin ciki |
Faɗin bugun bugun jini yana daidai da nisa, kuma baya canzawa sosai tare da yanayin zafi, matsa lamba, ko zafi.
Don canza girman bugun jini daga lokaci, a cikin μs, zuwa mm, yi amfani da ma'auni mai zuwa: Nisa (mm) = Nisa Pulse (ms) × 171.5 Don canza nisa bugun bugun daga lokaci, a cikin μs, zuwa inci, yi amfani da lissafin mai zuwa: Nisa (inci) = Nisa Pulse (ms) × 6.752
Yanayin Serial Data
Yanayin bayanan serial yana aiki a 9600 baud tare da dubawar TTL bidirectional akan fil I/O guda ɗaya (SIG), kuma yana iya sadarwa tare da 3.3 V ko 5 V TTL ko CMOS microcontrollers. SIG fil zai yi aiki mai girma a wannan yanayin, a VIN voltage. Don canzawa daga yanayin PWM tsoho zuwa yanayin serial, fitar da SIG fil ƙasa, sannan aika manyan 100 µs bugun jini guda uku tare da 5 µs, ko ya fi tsayi, ƙananan rata tsakanin. Ana iya yin hakan ta hanyar watsa babban hali 'I'.
Tukwici: Don amfani da microcontrollers waɗanda basa goyan bayan serial bidirectional, za'a iya saita tsarin LaserPING don farkawa a yanayin serial. A wannan yanayin, shigarwar serial-rx guda ɗaya kawai ake buƙata a microcontroller! Koma zuwa sashin "Enabling Serial on Start-up" da ke ƙasa.
A cikin yanayin Serial, LaserPING koyaushe zai aika sabbin bayanan aunawa cikin tsarin ASCII. Ƙimar za ta kasance a cikin millimeters, sannan kuma sai halin dawowar karusa (disimal 13). Za a watsa sabon ƙima a duk lokacin da firikwensin ya sami ingantaccen karatu, yawanci sau ɗaya kowane 45 ms.
| Serial Darajar | Sharadi |
| 50 zu2000 | Mafi girman daidaito a cikin millimeters |
| 1 zu49 |
Rage daidaito a cikin millimeters |
| 2001 zu2046 | |
| 2047 | Tunani da aka gano fiye da 2046 millimeters |
|
0 ko 2222 |
Auna mara inganci
(Babu tunani; manufa ma kusa, da nisa, ko duhu sosai) |
| 9998 | Kuskuren firikwensin ciki |
| 9999 | Kashe lokacin firikwensin ciki |
Don tsaida yanayin serial kuma komawa zuwa tsohuwar yanayin PWM:
- Sanya fil ɗin SIG ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma ka riƙe ƙasa don 100 ms
- Saki fil ɗin SIG (yawanci saita fil ɗin I/O ɗinku wanda aka haɗa da SIG baya zuwa yanayin shigar da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi)
- LaserPING yanzu zai kasance a cikin yanayin PWM
Kunna Serial akan Farawa
2 SMT pads masu alamar DBG da SCK za a iya gajarta tare don canza yanayin bayanan tsoho, kunna yanayin serial a farawa. Tsarin LaserPING yana duba matsayin fil ɗin DBG/SCK a ƙarfin ƙarfi.
- DBG da SCK sun buɗe = Tsoho zuwa yanayin PWM (yanayin tsoho na masana'anta)
- DBG da SCK sun gajarta tare = Default zuwa Serial Data Mode
Don taƙaita fil biyun, ana iya siyar da resistor 0402 <4 k-ohm, sifili ohm mahada, ko ɓangarorin solder a kan mashin ɗin. Dubi Bayanin Kushin Gwajin SMT da ke ƙasa don cikakkun bayanai kan waɗannan pads. A cikin yanayin serial yayin farawa, firikwensin yana ɗaukar kusan 100 ms don farawa, bayan haka LaserPING za ta fara aika ƙimar ASCII ta atomatik a 9600 baud zuwa fil ɗin SIG. Bayanai za su zo a ci gaba da CR (decimal 13) da aka ƙare ASCII serial rafi, tare da kowane sabon karatu yana zuwa kusan kowane 45 ms. Wannan tazarar ms 45 zai bambanta kadan, saboda gwargwadon nisan da aka auna, lokacin da ake buƙata don ganowa, ƙidaya da sarrafa bayanan kuma za su bambanta kaɗan.
Matsakaicin Tazara da Tsare-tsare
Teburin da ke ƙasa yana nuna daidaitattun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun na'urar, tare da bayanan da aka samu tare da na'urar da ke aiki a zafin ɗaki kuma babu gilashin murfi akan na'urar. Na'urar na iya yin aiki a waje da waɗannan jeri a rage daidaito.
| Tunanin Target Mai Rufe Cikakken Filin View (FoV) | Daidaiton Range | ||
| 50 zuwa 100 mm | 100 zuwa 1500 mm | 1500 zuwa 2000 mm | |
| Farin Buri (90%) | +/- 15% | +/- 7% | +/- 7% |
| Manufar Grey (18%) | +/- 15% | +/- 7% | +/- 10% |
Filin View (FoV) da Filin Haskakawa (FoI)
Abubuwan emitter da masu karɓa na firikwensin Laser suna samar da siffar mazugi. Filin emitter na haskakawa (FoI) shine 23°, kuma filin mai karɓar hangen nesa (FoV) shine 55°. Na'urar firikwensin LaserPING kawai zai iya jin abubuwa a cikin FoI, amma mai yiwuwa ya rage hankali lokacin da abubuwa masu haske ke cikin FoV. Hakanan karatun na iya zama mara daidai lokacin da saman madubi a cikin FoI ya watsa haske zuwa wasu abubuwa a cikin FoI ko FoV.
Lokacin auna nisa mai nisa firikwensin ya kamata ya yi nisa daga kowane benaye, bango ko rufin da ke kewaye don tabbatar da cewa ba su zama makasudin da ba da niyya ba, a cikin FoI. A 200 cm daga tsarin LaserPING, FoI shine faifai diamita 81.4 cm. Tsayi sama da ƙasa na iya shafar kewayon tsinkaye mai amfani, tunda wasu saman za su yi tunani maimakon karkata:
Bayanin Pin
| Pin | Nau'in | Aiki |
| GND | Kasa | Ƙasa gama gari (0V wadata) |
| VIN | Ƙarfi | Module ɗin zai yi aiki tsakanin 3.3V zuwa 5V DC. VIN voltage kuma ya kafa ma'auni-high matakin voltage don SIG pin. |
| SIG | I/O* | PWM ko Serial data shigar / fitarwa |
* Lokacin cikin yanayin PWM, SIG fil yana aiki azaman shigarwar mai buɗewa, tare da juzu'i na 55 k-ohm, ban da bugun bugun jini, waɗanda ake turawa zuwa VIN. Lokacin da ke cikin yanayin serial, fil ɗin SIG yana aiki azaman fitarwar turawa.
Ba a samun damar samun damar mai amfani na ƙarshe na pads ɗin gwaji, bayan canza yanayin tsoho yayin farawa daga PWM zuwa Serial, ba a tallafawa.
| Pad | Nau'in | Aiki |
| Farashin DBG | Buɗe mai tarawa | Ma'ajin shirye-shirye fil (PC1) |
| SCK | Buɗe mai tarawa | Maɓallin shirye-shirye na Coprocessor (PB5) |
| SCL | Buɗe mai tarawa | Laser firikwensin agogo I2C tare da 3.9K ja-har zuwa 3V |
| Sake saitin | Buɗe mai tarawa | Ma'ajin shirye-shirye fil (PC6) |
| SDA | Buɗe mai tarawa | Laser firikwensin I2C serial data tare da 3.9K ja-har zuwa 3V |
| MOSI | Buɗe mai tarawa | Maɓallin shirye-shirye na Coprocessor (PB3) |
| INTD | Push Pull (ƙananan aiki) | Laser firikwensin Data Shirya Katsewa
A al'ada babban ma'ana, wannan fil yana tafiyar da ƙasa lokacin da akwai sabon ƙima, kuma yana komawa zuwa sama da zarar an karanta darajar. |
| MISO | Buɗe mai tarawa | Maɓallin shirye-shirye na Coprocessor (PB4) |
Rufe Jagoran Zaɓin Gilashin
Modul LaserPING yana da rami mai hawa wanda aka ajiye don sauƙaƙe dacewa da gilashin murfin zaɓi. Ana iya amfani da wannan don kare firikwensin a wasu aikace-aikace, ko don gwaji tare da tasirin abubuwa daban-daban masu aiki azaman masu tacewa akan hasken Laser infrared. Don samun mafi kyawun aiki, ya kamata a yi la'akari da waɗannan dokoki don gilashin murfin:
- Kayan abu: PMMA, Acrylic
- watsawa na Spectral: T< 5% don λ< 770 nm, T> 90% don λ > 820 nm
- Tazarar iskaku: 100m
- Kauri: <1mm (mafi ƙarancin, mafi kyau)
- Girma: girma fiye da 6 x 8 mm
Girman PCB
Tarihin Bita
Shafin 1.0: asali na saki. An sauke daga Kibiya.com.
Takardu / Albarkatu
 |
PARALLAX INC 28041 LaserPING Rangefinder Module [pdf] Jagorar mai amfani 28041, LaserPING Rangefinder Module, 28041 LaserPING Rangefinder Module, Rangefinder Module, Module |
