intel Erasure Decoder Reference Design

An sabunta don Intel® Quartus® Prime Design Suiteku: 17.0
ID: 683099
Siga: 2017.05.02

Game da Zane-zanen Bayanin Dikodi na Erasure

• Erasure Decoder wani nau'i ne na Reed-Solomon mai ƙididdigewa wanda ke amfani da lambar kuskuren gyare-gyaren da ba na binary, cyclic, linear block.
• A cikin Reed-Solomon dikodi mai iya gogewa, adadin kurakurai (E) da erasures (E') waɗanda zaku iya gyara shine: n – k = 2E + E'
• Inda n shine tsayin toshe kuma k shine tsayin saƙo (nk yayi daidai da adadin alamomin kamanni).
• Erasure Decoder kawai yana la'akari da gogewa, don haka ikon gyara zai iya kaiwa iyakar da nk ya bayar. Mai ƙididdigewa yana karɓar azaman shigar da wuraren gogewa, yawanci ana samarwa ta hanyar demodulator a cikin tsarin coding, wanda zai iya nuna wasu alamun lambar da aka karɓa a matsayin rashin abin dogaro. Zane bai kamata ya wuce ikon gyarawa na gogewa ba. Zane yana kula da alamomin da yake nunawa a matsayin gogewa azaman darajar sifili.

Siffofin

• Targets Stratix® 10 na'urori
• Yana gyara gogewa
• Aiki a layi daya
• Kula da kwarara

Bayanin Aiki na Decoder Erasure

• Decoder mai gogewa baya gyara kurakurai, gogewa kawai. Yana guje wa rikitarwa na gano wuraren kuskure, wanda Reed-Solomon decoding ke buƙata.
• Algorithm ɗin ƙira da gine-gine sun bambanta da na Reed-Solomon decoder. Ƙaddamar da gogewa wani nau'i ne na rufaffiyar. Yana ƙoƙarin cika shigarwar tare da alamomin p=nk don samar da ingantaccen codeword, ta hanyar cika ma'auni. Matrix na daidaito da matrix janareta sun bayyana ma'auni na daidaito.
• Zane kawai yana aiki tare da ƙananan lambobin Reed-Solomon, kamar RS (14,10), RS (16,12), RS (12,8) ko RS (10,6). Don ƙaramin adadin alamomin daidaito (p <k) yi amfani da wannan ƙira; don adadi mai yawa na alamomin daidaito (p> kp), yakamata kuyi amfani da matrix janareta.
• Tsarin gogewa (wanda ke wakilta ta hanyar shigarwar n-bits wide in_era) tana magana da ROM inda ƙira ke adana ƙananan ma'auni. Zane kawai yana da np = n! ku! n- ku! yiwuwar goge alamu. Saboda haka, ƙirar tana amfani da tsarin matsawa adreshin.
• Ƙirar tana ɓoye adireshin tare da adadin adiresoshin da suka fi ƙasa da adireshin kuma suna da daidaitattun p-bits.
• Erasure Decoder yana karɓar kowane adadin alamomi masu shigowa, har zuwa jimlar toshe n kowane zagaye don mafi girman abin da ake samarwa. Kuna iya daidaita daidaito da adadin tashoshi, ta yadda ƙira ta ninka alamomin masu shigowa ta adadin tashoshi a layi daya waɗanda suka dace da kalmomi daban-daban masu zuwa a lokaci guda.
• Decoder mai gogewa yana samar da cikakkun kalmomin da aka yanke, gami da alamun duba, a cikin zagayowar guda ɗaya (kalmomi da yawa na tashoshi da yawa).

Maɓallin shigarwa yana ba ka damar samun adadin alamomin layi ɗaya a kowace tashoshi ƙasa da jimlar tsayin toshe (n). Intel yana ba da shawarar amfani da bandwidth ɗin shigarwa, sai dai idan daidaiton ya dogara da buƙatun mu'amalar ku.

Goge Matsalolin IP Core Decoder

Siga	Ƙimar Shari'a	Default Value	Bayani
Yawan tashoshi	1 zu16	1	Adadin tashoshin shigarwa (C) don aiwatarwa.
Yawan ragowa a kowace alama	3 zu12	4	Adadin ragowa a kowace alama (M).
Adadin alamomin kowace kalma	1 zuwa 2M-1	14	Jimlar adadin alamomin kowace kalma (codeword)N).
Adadin alamomin rajistan kowane kalma	1 zuwa N-1	4	Adadin alamun rajistan kowane codeword (R).
Adadin daidaitattun alamomin kowane tashoshi	1 zuwa N	14	Adadin alamomin da suka zo a layi daya a wurin shigar da kowane codeword (PAR)
Filin Polynomial	Duk wani m polynomial	19	Yana ƙayyadadden ƙa'idar polynomial na farko da ke bayyana filin Galois.

Goge Matsalolin Mai Kaddara Da Sigina

• Ƙwararren Avalon-ST yana goyan bayan matsi na baya, wanda shine tsarin sarrafa kwarara, inda nutsewa zai iya nunawa ga tushen don dakatar da aika bayanai.
• Latency da aka shirya akan shigar da shigar Avalon-ST shine 0; an kayyade adadin alamomin kowane bugun zuwa 1.
• Agogo da sake saitin musaya suna tuƙi ko karɓar agogo da sake saita sigina don aiki tare da mu'amalar Avalon-ST.

Avalon-ST Interfaces a cikin DSP IP Cores

• Hanyoyin musaya na Avalon-ST sun ayyana ma'auni, sassauƙa, da ƙa'idodi na yau da kullun don canja wurin bayanai daga mahaɗar tushe zuwa mahallin nutsewa.
• Matsakaicin shigarwa shine nutsewar Avalon-ST kuma ƙirar fitarwa shine tushen Avalon-ST. Fakitin Avalon-ST yana goyan bayan fakitin canja wurin tare da fakitin da aka shiga tsakanin tashoshi da yawa.
• Sigina na mu'amala na Avalon-ST na iya bayyana mu'amalar yawo ta gargajiya da ke tallafawa rafi guda na bayanai ba tare da sanin tashoshi ko iyakokin fakiti ba. Irin waɗannan musaya suna yawanci ƙunshi bayanai, shirye-shirye, da ingantattun sigina. Hanyoyin musaya na Avalon-ST kuma na iya tallafawa ƙarin hadaddun ka'idoji don fashewa da canja wurin fakiti tare da fakitin da aka shiga tsakanin tashoshi da yawa. Tsarin Avalon-ST a zahiri yana aiki tare da ƙirar tashoshi da yawa, wanda ke ba ku damar cimma ingantacciyar aiwatarwa, haɓaka lokaci-lokaci ba tare da aiwatar da dabarun sarrafawa masu rikitarwa ba.
• Abubuwan musaya na Avalon-ST suna tallafawa matsi na baya, wanda shine tsarin sarrafa kwarara inda nutsewa zai iya sigina zuwa tushe don dakatar da aika bayanai. Ruwan ruwa yakan yi amfani da matsi na baya don dakatar da kwararar bayanai lokacin da buffers ɗin FIFO ɗinsa ya cika ko kuma lokacin da yake da cunkoso akan fitarwa.

Bayanai masu alaƙa

• Avalon Interface Takaddun Shaida

Goge Siginan Dikodi na IP Core

Agogo da Sake saitin sigina

Suna	Nau'in Avalon-ST	Hanyar	Bayani
clk_clk	clk	Shigarwa	Babban agogon tsarin. Duk tushen IP ɗin yana aiki a gefen haɓakar clk_clk.
sake saita_reset_n	sake saiti_n	Shigarwa	Ƙananan sigina mai aiki wanda ke sake saita tsarin gaba ɗaya lokacin da aka tabbatar. Kuna iya tabbatar da wannan siginar asynchronously. Koyaya, dole ne ku sanya shi daidai da siginar clk_clk. Lokacin da tushen IP ɗin ya dawo daga sake saiti, tabbatar da cewa bayanan da yake karɓa cikakkiyar fakiti ne.

Shigarwar Avalon-ST da Siginonin Sadarwar Sadarwa

Suna	Nau'in Avalon-ST	Hanyar	Bayani
a_shirya	shirye	Fitowa	Shirya sigina na canja wurin bayanai don nuna cewa nutsewa a shirye yake don karɓar bayanai. Sink interface yana tafiyar da siginar in_ready don sarrafa kwararar bayanai a cikin mahallin. Wurin nutsewa yana ɗaukar siginonin mu'amalar bayanai akan ƙwanƙolin hawan clk na yanzu.
in_mai inganci	m	Shigarwa	Sigina mai inganci don nuna ingancin siginar bayanai. Lokacin da kuka tabbatar da siginar in_valid, siginar dubawar bayanan Avalon-ST suna da inganci. Lokacin da kuka saka siginar in_valid, siginonin mu'amalar bayanai na Avalon-ST ba su da inganci kuma dole ne a yi watsi da su. Kuna iya tabbatar da siginar in_valid duk lokacin da akwai bayanai. Koyaya, nutsewa kawai yana ɗaukar bayanan daga tushen lokacin da ainihin IP ɗin ke tabbatar da siginar in_ready.
in_data[]	data	Shigarwa	Shigar da bayanai mai ɗauke da alamomin codeword. Yana aiki kawai lokacin da in_valid aka tabbatar. Siginar in_data na'ura ce mai dauke da sinadarai C x PAR alamomi. Idan PAR < N, codeword na kowane tashoshi ya zo a kan da yawa hawan keke.
cikin_zamani	data	Shigarwa	Shigar da bayanai wanda ke nuna alamun alamun gogewa. Yana aiki kawai lokacin da in_valid aka tabbatar. Yana da vector dauke da C x PAR ragowa.
fita_a shirye	shirye	Shigarwa	Shirya sigina na canja wurin bayanai don nuna cewa tsarin ƙasa yana shirye don karɓar bayanai. Madogarar tana ba da sabbin bayanai (idan akwai) lokacin da kuka tabbatar da siginar fita_ready kuma ta daina samar da sabbin bayanai lokacin da kuka sanya siginar fita_ready.
fita_mai inganci	m	Fitowa	Sigina mai inganci. Babban IP ɗin yana tabbatar da siginar out_valid high, duk lokacin da ingantaccen fitarwa ke kan out_data.
fita_data	data	Fitowa	Ya ƙunshi fitarwa da aka yanke lokacin da ainihin IP ɗin ke tabbatar da siginar out_valid. Alamomin da aka gyara suna cikin tsari iri ɗaya da aka shigar dasu. Yana da vector dauke da C x N alamomi.
fita_kuskure	kuskure	Fitowa	Yana Nuna kalmar lambar da ba za a iya gyarawa ba.

• Sigina in_valid da aka tabbatar yana nuna ingantaccen bayanai.
• Kowace kalma za ta iya zuwa sama da zagaye da yawa, ya danganta da ma'aunin daidaitawa. Ƙirar tana bin tsarin shigarwar, don haka ba ya buƙatar iyakokin fakiti akan mahaɗin. Ƙirar ƙira ta Adadin tashoshi a layi daya yana haɓaka kayan aiki ta hanyar kwafi raka'a masu aiki don duk tashoshi na lokaci ɗaya. Wannan ƙirar baya amfani da tallafin tashoshi da yawa na Avalon-ST.
• Lokacin da dikodi ya tabbatar da siginar out_valid, yana ba da ingantattun bayanai akan out_data.
• Yana fitar da kalmomin C a kowane zagaye, inda C shine adadin tashoshi a layi daya. Babban IP ɗin yana tabbatar da siginar_kuskure lokacin da ya karɓi kalmar lambar da ba za a iya gyarawa ba, watau: lokacin da tushen IP ɗin ya wuce ikon gyarawa.

Goge Na'urar Nunin Magana
Kamfanin Intel. An kiyaye duk haƙƙoƙi. Intel, tambarin Intel, da sauran alamun Intel alamun kasuwanci ne na Kamfanin Intel Corporation ko rassan sa. Intel yana ba da garantin aiwatar da samfuran FPGA da semiconductor zuwa ƙayyadaddun bayanai na yanzu daidai da daidaitaccen garanti na Intel, amma yana da haƙƙin yin canje-canje ga kowane samfuri da sabis a kowane lokaci ba tare da sanarwa ba. Intel ba ya ɗaukar wani nauyi ko alhaki da ya taso daga aikace-aikacen ko amfani da kowane bayani, samfur, ko sabis da aka kwatanta a nan sai dai kamar yadda Intel ya yarda da shi a rubuce. An shawarci abokan cinikin Intel su sami sabon sigar ƙayyadaddun na'urar kafin su dogara ga kowane bayanan da aka buga kuma kafin sanya oda don samfur ko ayyuka.
Ana iya da'awar wasu sunaye da alamun a matsayin mallakin wasu.

Takardu / Albarkatu

intel Erasure Decoder Reference Design [pdf] Umarni Goge Na'urar Nuni na Nuni, Mai Rarraba Mai Kashewa, Ra'ayin Mai Nunowa

Magana

• Manual mai amfani