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STEVE-SPIN3201: mai sarrafa BLDC mai ci gaba tare da allon ƙima na STM32 MCU
Gabatarwa
Kwamitin STEVAL-SPIN3201 jirgi ne mai 3-lokaci maras goge DC wanda ya dogara da STSPIN32F0, mai sarrafa lokaci 3 tare da haɗaɗɗen STM32 MCU, kuma yana aiwatar da masu tsayayyar 3-shunt azaman karatun topology na yanzu.
Yana ba da mafita mai sauƙi don amfani don kimanta na'urar a cikin aikace-aikace daban-daban kamar kayan aikin gida, magoya baya, jirage masu saukar ungulu, da kayan aikin wuta.
An ƙera allon don auna algorithm ɗin sarrafawa na na'urar hasashe ko mara aibi tare da jin 3-shunt.
Hoto 1. STEVE-SPIN3201 kwamitin kimantawa
Hardware da buƙatun software
Amfani da hukumar tantancewar STEVAL-SPIN3201 na buƙatar software da hardware masu zuwa:
- A Windows ® PC (XP, Vista 7, Windows 8, Windows 10) don shigar da kunshin software
- Kebul na USB mini-B don haɗa allon STEVAL-SPIN3201 zuwa PC
- Kit ɗin Haɓaka Software na STM32 Rev Y (X-CUBE-MCSDK-Y)
- Motar DC maras buroshi mai kashi 3 tare da madaidaicin voltage da kuma halin yanzu ratings
- Wutar wutar lantarki ta waje ta DC.
Farawa
Matsakaicin ƙimar hukumar sune kamar haka:
- Ikon stage wadata voltage (VS) daga 8 zuwa 45 V
- Motar halin yanzu har zuwa 15 Makamai
Don fara aikinku tare da allon:
Mataki 1. Bincika matsayi na jumper bisa ga daidaitawar manufa (duba Sashe na 4.3 Ganewar abin da ya wuce kima
Mataki 2. Haɗa motar zuwa mai haɗawa J3 kulawa da jerin matakan motsi.
Mataki 3. Bayar da allo ta hanyar shigar da 1 da 2 na mai haɗa J2. DL1 (ja) LED zai kunna.
Mataki 4. Haɓaka aikace-aikacenku ta amfani da STM32 Motar Haɓaka Software Development Kit Rev Y (X-CUBEMCSDK-Y).
Bayanin Hardware da daidaitawa
Hoto 2. Manyan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da matsayi na masu haɗawa suna nuna matsayin manyan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da masu haɗawa a kan allo.
Hoto 2. Babban abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da matsayi masu haɗawa
Tebur 1. Jumpers saitin kayan masarufi suna ba da dalla-dalla na masu haɗin.
Tebur 1. Saitin kayan aikin jumpers
| Jumper | Sharuɗɗa masu izini | Yanayin da aka saba |
| JP1 | Zaɓin VREG da aka haɗa zuwa motar V | BUDE |
| JP2 | Zaɓar wutar lantarki ta motar da aka haɗa da wutar lantarki ta DC | RUFE |
| JP3 | Zaɓuɓɓuka mai ɓoye na'ura mai ba da wutar lantarki zuwa USB (1) / VDD (3) wutar lantarki | 1 - 2 RUFE |
| JP4 | Sake saitin zaɓi na ST-LINK (U4) | BUDE |
| JP5 | Zaɓin PA2 an haɗa zuwa Hall 3 | RUFE |
| JP6 | Zaɓin PA1 an haɗa zuwa Hall 2 | RUFE |
| JP7 | Zaɓin PA0 an haɗa zuwa Hall 1 | RUFE |
Tebur 2. Sauran masu haɗawa, jumper, da bayanin wuraren gwaji
|
Suna |
Pin | Lakabi |
Bayani |
| J1 | 1-2 | J1 | Samun wutar lantarki |
| J2 | 1-2 | J2 | Babban wutar lantarki na na'ura (VM) |
| J3 | 1-2-3 | U, V, W | Haɗin matakan motsi na 3-lokaci BLDC |
| J4 | 1-2-3 | J4 | Hall/encoder na'urori masu auna firikwensin |
| 4-5 | J4 | Samar da na'urori masu auna firikwensin hall/kodi | |
| J5 | – | J5 | USB shigar da ST-LINK |
| J6 | 1 | 3V3 | ST-LINK samar da wutar lantarki |
| 2 | CLK | SWCLK na ST-LINK | |
| 3 | GND | GND | |
| 4 | DIO | SWDIO na ST-LINK | |
| J7 | 1-2 | J7 | CART |
| J8 | 1-2 | J8 | ST-LINK sake saiti |
| Saukewa: TP1 | – | GREG | Babban darajar 12Vtage mai sarrafa fitarwa |
| Saukewa: TP2 | – | GND | GND |
| Saukewa: TP3 | – | VDD | VDD |
| Saukewa: TP4 | – | SAURI | Fitar potentiometer na sauri |
| Saukewa: TP5 | – | PA3 | PA3 GPIOamp hankali 1) |
| Saukewa: TP6 | – | V-BUS | Ra'ayin VBus |
| Saukewa: TP7 | – | FITA_U | Fitowar U |
| Saukewa: TP8 | – | PA4 | PA4 GPIOamp hankali 2) |
| Saukewa: TP9 | – | PA5 | PA5 GPIOamp hankali 3) |
| Saukewa: TP10 | – | GND | GND |
| Saukewa: TP11 | – | OUT_V | Fitowar V |
| Saukewa: TP12 | – | PA7 | PA7_3FG |
| Saukewa: TP13 | – | FITA_W | Fitowa W |
| Saukewa: TP14 | – | 3V3 | 3V3 ST-LINK |
| Saukewa: TP15 | – | 5V | USB voltage |
| Saukewa: TP16 | – | I/O | SWD_IO |
| Saukewa: TP17 | – | CLK | SWD_CLK |
Bayanin kewayawa
STEVAL-SPIN3201 yana ba da cikakken bayani na 3-shunt FOC wanda ya ƙunshi STSPIN32F0 - mai sarrafa BLDC mai ci gaba tare da STM32 MCU da aka saka - da ikon rabin gada sau uku.tagSaukewa: NMOS STD140N6F7.
STSPIN32F0 kai tsaye yana haifar da duk abin da ake buƙata voltages: na ciki DC/DC buck Converter yana ba da 3V3 kuma mai sarrafa layi na ciki yana ba da 12V don direbobin ƙofar.
Ana yin kwandishan siginar martani na yanzu ta hanyar uku na aiki amplifiers da aka saka a cikin na'urar kuma na'urar kwatancen ciki tana yin kariyar wuce gona da iri daga shunt resistors.
Maɓallin mai amfani guda biyu, LEDs guda biyu, da trimmer suna samuwa don aiwatar da sauƙaƙan mu'amala mai amfani (misali, farawa/tsayawa motar da saita saurin manufa).
Kwamitin STEVAL-SPIN3201 yana goyan bayan mai rikodin quadrature da na'urori masu auna firikwensin Hall na dijital azaman martanin matsayin mota.
Jirgin ya haɗa da ST-LINK-V2 yana ba mai amfani damar yin kuskure da zazzage firmware ba tare da ƙarin kayan aikin hardware ba.
4.1 Hall/encoder firikwensin saurin motsi
Hukumar tantancewa ta STEVAL-SPIN3201 tana goyan bayan Hall na dijital da na'urori masu auna firikwensin quadrature azaman martanin matsayin mota.
Ana iya haɗa na'urori masu auna firikwensin zuwa STSPIN32F0 ta hanyar haɗin J4 da aka jera a ciki
Tebur 3. Mai haɗa Hall/encoder (J4).
| Suna | Pin | Bayani |
| Hall1/A+ | 1 | Hall firikwensin 1/encoder fita A+ |
| Hall2/B+ | 2 | Hall firikwensin 2/encoder out B+ |
| Hall3/Z+ | 3 | Hall firikwensin 3/encoder sifili martani |
| VDD firikwensin | 4 | Sensor wadata voltage |
| GND | 5 | Kasa |
Resistor jerin kariya na 1kΩ an ɗora shi a cikin jeri tare da firikwensin firikwensin.
Don na'urori masu auna firikwensin da ke buƙatar cirewar waje, an riga an ɗora resistors 10 kΩ a kan layukan fitarwa kuma an haɗa su zuwa VDD vol.tage. A kan layukan guda ɗaya, ana samun sawun sawun ƙasa da ƙasa.
Jumper JP3 yana zaɓar wutar lantarki don samar da firikwensin voltage:
- Jumper tsakanin fil 1 - fil 2: Na'urori masu auna firikwensin da aka kunna ta VUSB (5V)
- Jumper tsakanin fil 1 - fil 2: Na'urori masu auna firikwensin da aka kunna ta VDD (3.3 V)
Mai amfani zai iya cire haɗin firikwensin firikwensin daga MCU GPIO masu buɗewa jumpers JP5, JP6, da JP7.
4.2 Hankali na yanzu
A cikin hukumar STEVAL-SPIN3201, ana yin siginar ji na yanzu ta hanyar uku na aiki. ampliifiers saka a cikin na'urar STSPIN32F0.
A cikin aikace-aikacen FOC na yau da kullun, igiyoyin ruwa a cikin gadoji guda uku ana jin su ta amfani da shunt resistor akan tushen kowane ƙaramin wutan gefe. Hankali voltage siginoni ana bayar da su zuwa analog-to-dijital Converter don yin lissafin matrix mai alaƙa da wata dabarar sarrafawa. Waɗannan sigina na hankali galibi ana canza su kuma amptabbatar da sadaukarwar op-amps domin a yi amfani da cikakken kewayon ADC (koma zuwa Hoto 3. Tsarin ganewa na yanzu ex.ample).
Hoto 3. Tsarin ji na yanzu example
Dole ne a matsar da siginonin hankali kuma a karkata su akan VDD/2 voltage (kimanin 1.65 V) da amplified sake wanda ke ba da ma'amala tsakanin matsakaicin ƙimar siginar hankali da cikakken kewayon ADC.
Voltagcanza stage yana gabatar da attenuation (1/Gp) na siginar amsawa wanda, tare da samun nasarar daidaitawar da ba ta juyewa ba (Gn, wanda Rn da Rf suka daidaita), yana ba da gudummawa ga samun gaba ɗaya (G). Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, makasudin shine kafa gabaɗaya ampLification network riba (G) don haka voltage a kan shunt resistor wanda ya yi daidai da matsakaicin injin da aka yarda da shi na yanzu (ISmax kololuwar ƙimar injin da aka ƙididdige shi) ya dace da kewayon vol.tagADC za ta iya karantawa.
Lura cewa, da zarar G yana daidaitawa, yana da kyau a daidaita shi ta hanyar rage girman attenuation na farko 1/Gp kamar yadda zai yiwu kuma, saboda haka samun Gn. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ba kawai don haɓaka siginar ta hanyar amo ba amma har ma don rage tasirin op-amp rashin daidaituwa na ciki akan fitarwa (daidai da Gn).
Riba da polarization voltage (VOPout, pol) ƙayyade kewayon aiki na kewayawa na yanzu:
Inda:
- IS- = matsakaicin tushen halin yanzu
- IS+ = matsakaicin nutsewar halin yanzu wanda za'a iya gane shi ta hanyar kewayawa.
Table 4. STEVE-SPIN3201 op-amps polarization cibiyar sadarwa
|
Siga |
Bayanin sashi | Littafin 1 |
Littafin 3 |
| Rp | R14, R24, R33 | 560 Ω | 1.78 kΩ |
| Ra | R12, R20, R29 | 8.2 kΩ | 27.4 kΩ |
| Rb | R15, R25, R34 | 560 Ω | 27.4 kΩ |
| Rn | R13, R21, R30 | 1 kΩ | 1.78 kΩ |
| Rf | R9, R19, R28 | 15 kΩ | 13.7 kΩ |
| Cf | C15, C19, C20 | 100 pF | NM |
| G | – | 7.74 | 7.70 |
| VOPout, pol | – | 1.74 V | 1.65 V |
4.3 Ganewa da yawa
Hukumar tantancewar STEVAL-SPIN3201 tana aiwatar da kariyar wuce gona da iri dangane da STSPIN32F0 hadedde OC comparator. Shunt resistors suna auna ƙarfin halin yanzu na kowane lokaci. Resistors R50, R51, da R52 suna kawo voltage siginoni masu alaƙa da kowane kaya na yanzu zuwa fil ɗin OC_COMP. Lokacin da kololuwar halin yanzu da ke gudana a cikin ɗaya daga cikin matakai ukun ya zarce iyakar da aka zaɓa, haɗaɗɗen kwatancen za a kunna kuma duk manyan na'urorin wuta na gefe suna kashe. Ana sake kunna maɓallan wuta na gefe lokacin da halin yanzu ya faɗi ƙasa da kofa, don haka aiwatar da kariyar wuce gona da iri.
An jera madaidaitan ƙofofin na yanzu don hukumar tantancewar STEVAL-SPIN3201 a ciki.
Tebur 5. Matsakaicin wuce gona da iri.
| Farashin PF6 | Farashin PF7 | Na ciki comp. bakin kofa | Farashin OC |
| 0 | 1 | 100 MV | 20 A |
| 1 | 0 | 250 MV | 65 A |
| 1 | 1 | 500 MV | 140 A |
Ana iya canza waɗannan ƙofofin ta hanyar canza resistor bias R43. Ana ba da shawarar zaɓi R43 sama da 30 kΩ. Don ƙididdige ƙimar R43 don ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun IOC na yanzu, ana iya amfani da dabara mai zuwa:
inda OC_COMPth shine voltage bakin kofa na ciki comparator (wanda PF6 da PF7 suka zaba), kuma VDD shine 3.3 V dijital wadata vol.tage wanda DCDC na cikin gida ke canzawa.
Cire R43, dabarar ƙira ta yanzu tana sauƙaƙe kamar haka:
4.4 bas voltage kewaye
Hukumar kimanta STEVAL-SPIN3201 tana ba da voltagna gane. Ana aika wannan sigina ta hanyar juzu'itage mai rarrabawa daga wadatar motar voltage (VBUS) (R10 da R16) kuma aika zuwa PB1 GPIO (tashar 9 na ADC) na MCU da aka saka. Hakanan ana samun siginar akan TP6.
4.5 Mai amfani da Hardware
Hukumar ta ƙunshi abubuwa masu mu'amala da kayan masarufi masu zuwa:
- Potentiometer R6: yana saita saurin manufa, misaliample
- Canja SW1: sake saita STSPIN32F0 MCU da ST-LINK V2
- Canja SW2: maɓallin mai amfani 1
- Canja SW3: maɓallin mai amfani 2
- LED DL3: mai amfani LED 1 (kuma yana kunna lokacin da aka danna maɓallin 1 mai amfani)
- LED DL4: mai amfani LED 2 (kuma yana kunna lokacin da aka danna maɓallan 2 mai amfani)
4.6 Gyara
Hukumar tantancewa ta STEVAL-SPIN3201 tana haɗa ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer. Abubuwan da aka goyan baya akan ST-LINK sune:
- Kebul na sake ƙidaya software
- Interview Port Interface akan USB da aka haɗa zuwa PB6/PB7 fil na STSPIN32F0 (UART1)
- Ma'ajiyar tarin yawa akan USB
Ana samar da wutar lantarki don ST-LINK ta PC mai masaukin baki ta hanyar kebul na USB da aka haɗa zuwa J5.
LED LD2 yana ba da bayanin matsayin sadarwar ST-LINK: - Jajayen LED yana walƙiya a hankali: a kunnawa kafin fara USB
- Jajayen LED yana walƙiya da sauri: bin hanyar sadarwa ta farko tsakanin PC da ST-LINK/V2-1 (ƙididdigewa)
- Red LED ON: farawa tsakanin PC da ST-LINK/V2-1 ya cika
- Green LED ON: nasarar ƙaddamar da sadarwar manufa
- Ja / kore LED walƙiya: yayin sadarwa tare da manufa
- Green ON: sadarwa ta ƙare kuma an yi nasara
An cire haɗin aikin sake saiti daga ST-LINK ta cire jumper J8.
Tarihin bita
Tebur 6. Tarihin bitar daftarin aiki
| Kwanan wata | Bita | Canje-canje |
| 12-Dec-20161 | 1 | Sakin farko. |
| 23-Nuwamba-2017 | 2 | Ƙara Sashi na 4.2: Ji na yanzu a shafi na 7. |
| 27-Fabrairu-2018 | 3 | Ƙananan gyare-gyare a cikin takaddun. |
| 18-Aug-2021 | 4 | Ƙananan gyaran samfuri. |
STMicroelectronics NV da rassan sa ("ST") sun tanadi haƙƙin yin canje-canje, gyare-gyare, haɓakawa, gyare-gyare, da haɓakawa ga samfuran ST da/ko ga wannan takaddar a kowane lokaci ba tare da sanarwa ba. Masu siye yakamata su sami sabbin bayanai masu dacewa akan samfuran ST kafin yin oda. Ana siyar da samfuran ST bisa ga sharuɗɗa da sharuɗɗan siyarwa na ST a wurin lokacin amincewa. Masu siye ke da alhakin zaɓi, zaɓi, da amfani da samfuran ST kuma ST ba ta da wani alhaki don taimakon aikace-aikacen ko ƙirar samfuran masu siye.
MUHIMMAN SANARWA - KA KARANTA A HANKALI
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ST UM2154 STEVAL-SPIN3201 Babban Mai Kula da BLDC tare da Haɗin Ƙimar STM32 MCU [pdf] Manual mai amfani UM2154, STEVAL-SPIN3201 Advanced BLDC Controller tare da Embedded STM32 MCU Evaluation Board |
