RENESAS RA MCU Series RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers

Bayanin samfur

Ƙayyadaddun bayanai

• Samfura Suna: Renesas RA Family
• SamfuraBayani: RA MCU Series

Gabatarwa
Jagoran Ƙirar Iyali na Renesas RA don Ƙimar Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙaƙwalwa yana ba da umarni kan yadda za a rage haɗarin kuskuren aiki yayin amfani da resonator low capacitive load (CL). Da'irar oscillation na sub-clock yana da ƙarancin riba don rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki, amma yana da sauƙi ga hayaniya. Wannan jagorar yana nufin taimaka wa masu amfani su zaɓi abubuwan da suka dace kuma su tsara da'irori na ƙananan agogo daidai.

Na'urorin Target
Farashin MCU

Abubuwan da ke ciki

1. Zaɓin ɓangaren
   1. Zaɓin Crystal Resonator na waje
   2. Zabin Capacitor
2. Tarihin Bita

Umarnin Amfani da samfur

Zaɓin ɓangaren

Zaɓin Crystal Resonator na waje

• Za'a iya amfani da resonator na waje azaman tushen oscillator na ƙaramin agogo. Ya kamata a haɗa shi a fadin XCIN da XCOUT fil na MCU. Mitar resonator na waje don oscillator sub-clock dole ne ya zama daidai 32.768 kHz. Da fatan za a koma zuwa sashin Halayen Wutar Lantarki na Littafin Mai Amfani da Hardware na MCU don takamaiman cikakkun bayanai.
• Ga mafi yawan RA microcontrollers, ana iya amfani da resonator na waje a matsayin babban tushen agogo. A wannan yanayin, yakamata a haɗa shi a cikin EXTAL da XTAL fil na MCU. Matsakaicin mitar babban agogo na waje crystal resonator dole ne ya kasance tsakanin kewayon mitar da aka kayyade don babban agogon oscillator. Kodayake wannan takaddar tana mai da hankali kan oscillator na ƙaramin agogo, zaɓi da jagororin ƙira da aka ambata anan kuma ana iya amfani da su akan ƙirar babban tushen agogo ta amfani da resonator na waje.
• Lokacin zabar resonator crystal, yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da ƙirar jirgi na musamman. Akwai nau'ikan resonators daban-daban waɗanda zasu dace da amfani tare da na'urorin RA MCU. Ana ba da shawarar yin la'akari da hankali kan halayen lantarki na resonator da aka zaɓa don ƙayyade takamaiman bukatun aiwatarwa.
• Hoto na 1 yana nuna tsohon tsohonample na wani crystal resonator dangane ga sub-agogo tushe, yayin da Hoto 2 yana nuna daidai da kewaye.

Zabin Capacitor
Zaɓin capacitor mai ɗaukar nauyi yana da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen aiki na da'irar agogo tare da na'urorin RA MCU. Da fatan za a koma zuwa sashin Halayen Wutar Lantarki na Littafin Mai Amfani da Hardware na MCU don takamaiman cikakkun bayanai da jagororin kan mai ɗaukar nauyi.
zaɓi.

FAQ

• Tambaya: Zan iya amfani da kowane mai resonator don oscillator na ƙaramin agogo?
  A: A'a, resonator na waje don oscillator sub-clock dole ne ya sami mitar daidai 32.768 kHz. Koma zuwa sashin Halayen Wutar Lantarki na Littafin Mai Amfani da Hardware na MCU don takamaiman cikakkun bayanai.
• Tambaya: Zan iya amfani da resonator iri ɗaya don duka oscillator na sub-clock da babban agogon oscillator?
  A: Ee, ga mafi yawan RA microcontrollers, za ka iya amfani da wani waje crystal resonator kamar yadda duka sub-clock oscillator da babban agogon oscillator. Koyaya, da fatan za a tabbatar cewa mitar babban agogo na waje crystal resonator ya faɗi cikin kewayon mitar mitar don babban agogon oscillator.

Renesas RA Iyali

Jagoran Ƙira don Ƙirar-Agogo

Gabatarwa
Da'irar oscillation sub-clock yana da ƙarancin riba don rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki. Saboda ƙarancin riba, akwai haɗarin cewa hayaniya na iya sa MCU yayi aiki da kuskure. Wannan takaddar tana bayyana yadda ake rage wannan haɗarin yayin amfani da resonator mai ƙarancin ƙarfi (CL).

Na'urorin Target
Farashin MCU

Zaɓin ɓangaren

Zaɓin ɓangaren yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da aiki daidai na da'irar agogo tare da na'urorin RA MCU. Sassan da ke gaba suna ba da jagora don taimakawa wajen zaɓin sassa.

Zaɓin Crystal Resonator na waje
Ana iya amfani da resonator na waje azaman tushen oscillator sub-aago. An haɗa resonator na kristal na waje a fadin XCIN da XCOUT fil na MCU. Mitar resonator na waje don oscillator sub-clock dole ne ya zama daidai 32.768 kHz. Koma zuwa sashin Halayen Wutar Lantarki na Littafin Mai Amfani da Hardware na MCU don takamaiman cikakkun bayanai.
Ga mafi yawan RA microcontrollers, ana iya amfani da resonator na waje azaman babban tushen agogo. An haɗa resonator na kristal na waje a fadin EXTAL da XTAL fil na MCU. Mitar babban agogon waje mai resonator dole ne ya kasance cikin kewayon mitar babban agogon oscillator. Wannan takaddar tana mai da hankali kan oscillator na ƙaramin agogo, amma waɗannan zaɓin da jagororin ƙira kuma na iya amfani da su don ƙirar babban tushen agogo ta amfani da resonator na waje.
Zaɓin resonator na kristal zai dogara ne akan kowane ƙirar allo na musamman. Saboda babban zaɓi na kristal resonators samuwa wanda zai iya dacewa da amfani tare da na'urorin RA MCU, a hankali kimanta halayen lantarki na zaɓaɓɓen resonator crystal don ƙayyade takamaiman bukatun aiwatarwa.

Hoto na 1 yana nuna tsohon tsohonample na wani crystal resonator dangane ga sub-agogo tushen.

Hoto 2 yana nuna daidai da'ira don resonator na crystal akan da'irar sub-aago.

Hoto na 3 yana nuna tsohon tsohonample na wani crystal resonator dangane ga babban agogon tushen.

Hoto na 4 yana nuna daidai da'ira don resonator na crystal akan babban da'irar agogo.

Dole ne a yi amfani da ƙima a hankali lokacin zabar resonator na kristal da masu haɗin gwiwa. Resistor na waje (Rf) da dampAna iya ƙara ing resistor (Rd) idan masana'anta resonator suka ba da shawarar.
Zaɓin ma'auni na capacitor don CL1 da CL2 zai shafi daidaiton agogon ciki. Don fahimtar tasirin dabi'u na CL1 da CL2, ya kamata a kwaikwayi da'irar ta amfani da daidai da'irar resonator na crystal a cikin alkalumman da ke sama. Don ƙarin ingantattun sakamako, kuma yi la'akari da ƙarancin ƙarfin da ke da alaƙa da kewayawa tsakanin abubuwan resonator na crystal.
Wasu resonators crystal na iya samun iyaka akan iyakar halin yanzu da MCU ke bayarwa. Idan halin yanzu da aka tanadar wa waɗannan resonators na crystal ya yi yawa, crystal na iya lalacewa. A dampAna iya ƙara ing resistor (Rd) don iyakance halin yanzu zuwa mai resonator. Koma zuwa masana'anta resonator crystal don tantance ƙimar wannan resistor.

Zabin Capacitor
Masu sana'anta na Crystal resonator yawanci za su ba da ƙimar ƙarfin nauyi (CL) ga kowane mai resonator na crystal. Don aikin da ya dace na da'irar resonator na crystal, ƙirar allon dole ne ta dace da ƙimar CL na crystal.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don ƙididdige madaidaitan ƙididdiga don masu ɗaukar nauyi CL1 da CL2. Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna la'akari da ƙimar masu ɗaukar nauyi da ƙarancin ƙarfin (CS) na ƙirar allo, wanda ya haɗa da ƙarfin tasirin tagulla da fil ɗin na'urar na MCU.
Ma'auni ɗaya don ƙididdige CL shine: A matsayin example, idan masana'anta crystal sun ƙayyade CL = 14 pF, kuma ƙirar allon tana da CS na 5 pF, sakamakon CL1 da CL2 zai zama 18 pF. Sashe na 2.4 a cikin wannan daftarin aiki yana ba da cikakkun bayanai don wasu tabbatattun zaɓen resonator da maƙallan da'ira mai alaƙa don aiki mai kyau.
Akwai wasu abubuwan da zasu shafi aikin crystal. Zazzabi, abubuwan tsufa, da sauran abubuwan muhalli na iya canza aikin kristal akan lokaci kuma yakamata a lissafta su cikin kowane takamaiman ƙira.
Don tabbatar da aiki mai kyau, yakamata a gwada kowace da'ira a ƙarƙashin yanayin muhallin da ake tsammanin don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki.

Tsarin allo

Wurin Wuri
Sanya kristal oscillator, masu ɗaukar nauyi, da masu adawa da zaɓi na iya yin tasiri mai mahimmanci akan aikin da'irar agogo.
Don tunani a cikin wannan takaddar, “bangaren ɓangarori” yana nufin gefe ɗaya na ƙirar PCB kamar MCU, kuma “bangaren saida” yana nufin kishiyar ƙirar PCB daga MCU.
Ana ba da shawarar sanya da'irar resonator kusa da madaidaicin madaurin MCU a gefen ɓangaren PCB. Hakanan ya kamata a sanya masu ɗaukar nauyi da masu tsayayyar zaɓi a gefen ɓangaren, kuma yakamata a sanya su tsakanin resonator crystal da MCU. Wani madadin shine sanya resonator na crystal tsakanin fil ɗin MCU da masu ɗaukar nauyi, amma ƙarin hanyoyin zirga-zirgar ƙasa za a buƙaci a yi la'akari da su.
Ƙananan kristal oscillators na CL suna da kula da sauyin yanayi a cikin zafin jiki, wanda zai iya rinjayar kwanciyar hankali na kewayen agogo. Don rage tasirin zafin jiki akan da'irar agogo, kiyaye sauran abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da zafi mai yawa daga oscillator crystal. Idan an yi amfani da wuraren jan ƙarfe a matsayin matattarar zafi don sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, kiyaye zafin tagulla daga oscillator.

Hanya - Mafi kyawun Ayyuka
Wannan sashe yana bayyana mahimman mahimman bayanai akan ingantaccen tsarin da'irar resonator don na'urorin RA MCU.

XCIN da XCOUT Routing
Jeri mai zuwa yana bayyana maki akan hanyar tafiya don XCIN da XCOUT. Hoto na 5, Hoto na 6, da Hoto na 7 sun nuna exampLes na fitattun hanyoyin da aka fi so don XCIN da XCOUT. Hoto na 8 yana nuna madadin example of trace routing don XCIN da XCOUT. Lambobin tantancewa a cikin Figures suna nufin wannan jeri.

1. Kar a ketare alamun XCIN da XCOUT tare da wasu alamun sigina.
2. Kar a ƙara fil ɗin kallo ko wurin gwaji zuwa alamun XCIN ko XCOUT.
3. Yi faɗin alamar XCIN da XCOUT tsakanin 0.1 mm da 0.3 mm. Tsawon saƙo daga fil ɗin MCU zuwa fitilun resonator ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da mm 10. Idan 10 mm ba zai yiwu ba, sanya tsayin alamar a takaice kamar yadda zai yiwu.
4. Alamar da aka haɗa da fil ɗin XCIN da alamar da aka haɗa da fil ɗin XCOUT yakamata su sami sarari mai yawa a tsakanin su (aƙalla 0.3 mm) gwargwadon yiwuwa.
5. Haɗa capacitors na waje kusa da juna gwargwadon yiwuwa. Haɗa alamun don capacitors zuwa alamar ƙasa (nan gaba ana kiranta "garkuwar ƙasa") a gefen ɓangaren. Don cikakkun bayanai kan garkuwar ƙasa, koma zuwa sashe na 2.2.2. Lokacin da ba za a iya sanya capacitors ta amfani da wurin da aka fi so ba, yi amfani da jeri da aka nuna a hoto na 8.
6. Don rage ƙarfin ƙarfin parasitic tsakanin XCIN da XCOUT, haɗa da alamar ƙasa tsakanin resonator da MCU.

Hoto 5. ExampLe na Wurin da aka Fi so da Hanyar Hanya don XCIN da XCOUT, Fakitin LQFP

Hoto 6. ExampLe na Wurin da aka Fi so da Hanyar Hanya don XCIN da XCOUT, Fakitin LGA

Hoto 7. ExampLe na Wurin da aka Fi so da Hanyar Hanya don XCIN da XCOUT, Kunshin BGA

Hoto 8. Example na Madadin Wuri da Rarraba don XCIN da XCOUT

Garkuwar ƙasa
Garkuwa resonator na crystal tare da alamar ƙasa. Jerin da ke gaba yana kwatanta maki game da garkuwar ƙasa. Hoto na 9, Hoto na 10, da Hoto na 11 sun nuna hanyar tafiya examples ga kowane kunshin. Lambobin tantancewa a kowane adadi suna komawa ga wannan jeri.

1. Ajiye garkuwar ƙasa a kan layi ɗaya kamar yadda ake zagayowar alamar kristal resonator.
2. Yi nisa ɗin garkuwar ƙasa aƙalla 0.3 mm kuma barin tazarar 0.3 zuwa 2.0 mm tsakanin garkuwar ƙasa da sauran alamun.
3. Juya garkuwar ƙasa kusa da fil ɗin VSS akan MCU gwargwadon yuwuwar kuma tabbatar da cewa faɗin alamar ya kasance aƙalla 0.3 mm.
4. Don hana halin yanzu ta hanyar garkuwar ƙasa, reshe garkuwar ƙasa da ƙasa akan allo kusa da fil ɗin VSS akan allo.

Hoto 9. Trace Example don Garkuwar Ground, Fakitin LQFP

Hoto 10. Trace Exampdon Garkuwar Ground, Fakitin LGA

Hoto 11. Trace Exampdon Garkuwar Ground, Kunshin BGA

Kasa Kasa

Alloli Masu Layi Masu Layi Aƙalla Aƙalla 1.2 mm Kauri
Don allunan da ke da kauri aƙalla mm 1.2, shimfiɗa alamar ƙasa a gefen solder (nan gaba ana magana da ƙasa ƙasa) na yankin resonator crystal.
Lissafin da ke gaba yana bayyana maki lokacin yin allo mai launi da yawa wanda ya kai aƙalla 1.2 mm kauri. Hoto na 12, Hoto na 13, da Hoto na 14 sun nuna hanyar tafiya examples ga kowane nau'in kunshin. Lambobin tantancewa a kowane adadi suna komawa ga wannan jeri.

1. Kada a fitar da wata alama a tsakiyar yadudduka na yankin resonator crystal. Kada a shimfiɗa wutar lantarki ko alamar ƙasa a wannan yanki. Kada ku wuce alamun sigina ta wannan yanki.
2. Yi ƙasan ƙasa aƙalla 0.1 mm girma fiye da garkuwar ƙasa.
3. Haɗa ƙasan ƙasa a gefen solder kawai zuwa garkuwar ƙasa a gefen ɓangaren kafin haɗa shi zuwa fil ɗin VSS.

Ƙarin bayanin kula

• Don fakitin LQFP da TFLGA, kawai haɗa garkuwar ƙasa zuwa ƙasan ɓangaren ɓangaren allon. Haɗa ƙasan ƙasa zuwa fil ɗin VSS ta hanyar garkuwar ƙasa. Kada ku haɗa ƙasan ƙasa ko garkuwar ƙasa zuwa ƙasa banda fil ɗin VSS.
• Don fakitin LFBGA, haɗa ƙasan ƙasa kai tsaye zuwa fil ɗin VSS. Kada ku haɗa ƙasan ƙasa ko garkuwar ƙasa zuwa ƙasa banda fil ɗin VSS.

Hoto 12. Roting Example Lokacin da Maɗaukakin Hulɗa ya kasance aƙalla 1.2 mm Kauri, Fakitin LQFP

Hoto 13. Roting ExampLokacin da Maɗaukakin Hulɗa ya kasance aƙalla 1.2 mm Kauri, Fakitin LGA

Hoto 14. Roting ExampLokacin da Maɗaukakin Hulɗa ya kasance aƙalla 1.2 mm Kauri, Fakitin BGA

Alloli Masu Layi Masu Layi Masu Kauri Kasa da 1.2 mm Kauri
Mai zuwa yana bayyana maki lokacin yin allo mai launi da yawa wanda bai wuce 1.2 mm kauri ba. Hoto na 15 yana nuna hanyar wucewaample.

Kar a fitar da wata alama zuwa yadudduka ban da bangaren bangaren bangaren resonator na crystal. Kada ku shimfida wutar lantarki da alamun ƙasa a wannan yanki. Kada ku wuce alamun sigina ta wannan yanki.

Hoto 15. Roting Example Lokacin da Maɗaukakin Hulɗa ya yi ƙasa da 1.2 mm Kauri, Fakitin LQFP

Sauran Abubuwan
Jerin da ke gaba yana bayyana wasu abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su, kuma Hoto na 16 yana nuna hanyar wucewaample lokacin amfani da kunshin LQFP. Abubuwan iri ɗaya sun shafi kowane nau'in fakitin. Lambobin tantancewa a cikin wannan adadi suna komawa ga wannan jeri.

1. Kar a sanya alamun XCIN da XCOUT kusa da alamun da ke da manyan canje-canje a halin yanzu.
2. Kada ku bi hanyoyin XCIN da XCOUT daidai da sauran alamun sigina, kamar waɗanda ke kusa da fil.
3. Alamun fil da ke kusa da fil ɗin XCIN da XCOUT yakamata a kawar da su daga fil ɗin XCIN da XCOUT. Tuna da alamun zuwa tsakiyar MCU da farko, sa'an nan kuma fara tafiyar da alamun daga fil ɗin XCIN da XCOUT. Ana ba da shawarar wannan don guje wa bin diddigin alamun daidai da alamun XCIN da XCOUT.
4. Sanya mafi yawan alamar ƙasa a gefen ƙasa na MCU gwargwadon yiwuwa.

Hoto 16. Roting ExampLe don Wasu Maƙasudai, Kunshin LQFP Example

Main Clock Resonator
Wannan sashe yana bayyana maki akan sarrafa babban agogon resonator. Hoto na 17 yana nuna hanyar wucewaample.

• Garkuwa babban agogon resonator tare da ƙasa.
• Kar a haɗa garkuwar ƙasa don babban agogon resonator zuwa garkuwar ƙasa don ƙaramin agogon. Idan babbar garkuwar ƙasa tana haɗa kai tsaye zuwa garkuwar ƙasa ta ƙasa, akwai yuwuwar amo daga babban agogon na iya wucewa ta hanyar kuma ya shafi ƙaramin agogon.
• Lokacin sanyawa da sarrafa babban agogo, bi jagororin guda ɗaya kamar yadda aka bayyana don oscillator na ƙaramin agogo.

Hoto 17. Roting ExampA Lokacin Garkuwar Babban Agogon Resonator tare da Garkuwan Ƙasa

Hanyar hanya - Kurakurai don Gujewa
Lokacin zagaya da'irar ƙaramin agogo, yi taka tsantsan don guje wa kowane ɗayan waɗannan abubuwan. Gudanar da alamun tare da kowane ɗayan waɗannan batutuwa na iya haifar da ƙarancin resonator na CL don kada ya yi oscillate daidai. Hoto na 18 yana nuna hanyar wucewaample da kuma nuna kurakuran hanyoyin. Lambobin tantancewa a cikin wannan adadi suna komawa ga wannan jeri.

1. Alamun XCIN da XCOUT sun haye wasu alamun sigina. (Hadarin aiki na kuskure.)
2. Ana haɗe fil ɗin kallo (makin gwaji) zuwa XCIN da XCOUT. (Hadarin tsayawar oscillation.)
3. Wayoyin XCIN da XCOUT suna da tsayi. (Hadarin aiki na kuskure ko rage daidaito.)
4. Garkuwar ƙasa ba ta rufe yankin gaba ɗaya, kuma inda akwai garkuwar ƙasa, hanya tana da tsayi da kunkuntar. (Amo yana shafa cikin sauƙi, kuma akwai haɗarin cewa daidaito zai ragu daga yuwuwar bambance-bambancen da MCU da capacitor na waje suka haifar.)
5. Garkuwar ƙasa tana da haɗin VSS da yawa ban da fil ɗin VSS. (Haɗarin aiki na kuskure daga halin yanzu na MCU yana gudana ta garkuwar ƙasa.)
6. Samar da wutar lantarki ko alamun ƙasa suna ƙarƙashin alamun XCIN da XCOUT. (Hadarin rasa agogon ko tsayawa oscillation.)
7. An kori wata alama mai girma a kusa. (Hadarin aiki na kuskure.)
8. Alamun layi ɗaya na fil masu kusa suna kusa da tsayi. (Hadarin rasa agogon ko tsayawa oscillation.)
9. Ana amfani da yadudduka na tsakiya don kewayawa. (Haɗarin halayen girgizawa yana raguwa ko sigina da ke aiki da kuskure.)

Hoto 18. Roting Example Nuna Babban Haɗari na Kuskuren Aiki Saboda Amo

Reference Oscillation Constant Circuit da Ingantattun Ayyukan Resonator
Tebu 1 ya lissafa madaidaitan madauri na oscillation don tabbatar da aikin resonator crystal. Hoto na 1 a farkon wannan takarda yana nuna tsohonampda kewaye don tabbatar da aikin resonator.

Tebura 1. Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Wutar Wuta don Tabbatar da Ayyukan Resonator

Mai ƙira	Jerin	SMD / Jagoranci	Yanayin (kHz)	CL (pF)	CL1(pF)	CL2(pF)	Rd(kΩ)
Kyocera	Saukewa: ST3215S	SMD	32.768	12.5	22	22	0
				9	15	15	0
				6	9	9	0
				7	10	10	0
				4	1.8	1.8	0

Lura cewa ba duk na'urorin RA MCU ba ne aka jera su akan Kyocera webBa a jera rukunin yanar gizo ba, da shawarwarin oscillator sub-clock don yawancin na'urorin RA MCU. Bayanai a cikin wannan tebur sun haɗa da shawarwari don sauran na'urorin Renesas MCU masu kamanta.

Tabbataccen aikin resonator da madaidaicin madaurin kewayawa da aka jera anan sun dogara ne akan bayanai daga masana'anta resonator kuma basu da garanti. Kamar yadda ma'aunin da'irar oscillation shine ma'aunin da aka bincika a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayi ta masana'anta, ƙimar da aka auna a tsarin mai amfani na iya bambanta. Don cimma ingantacciyar ma'anar jujjuyawar kewayawa don amfani a cikin ainihin tsarin mai amfani, yi tambaya tare da masana'anta na resonator don yin kimantawa akan ainihin da'irar.
Sharuɗɗan da ke cikin adadi sune sharuɗɗa don girgiza resonator da aka haɗa zuwa MCU kuma ba yanayin aiki ba don MCU kanta. Koma zuwa ƙayyadaddun bayanai a cikin halayen lantarki don cikakkun bayanai kan yanayin aiki na MCU.

Agogo Crystal Daidaita Ma'aunin

• Kamar yadda aka ba da shawarar ta duka masana'antun kristal na agogo da Renesas (a cikin kowane Manual na Mai amfani da Hardware na MCU), aiwatar da daidaitaccen da'irar crystal ɗin agogo ya haɗa da masu ɗaukar kaya 2 (CL1 da CL2 a cikin zane). Sassan da suka gabata na wannan takarda sun rufe zaɓin capacitor. Wadannan capacitors kai tsaye suna tasiri daidaitattun mitar agogo. Load da ƙimar capacitor waɗanda suka yi tsayi ko ƙasa da yawa na iya yin tasiri mai mahimmanci akan daidaito na dogon lokaci na agogo, yana sa agogon ya zama ƙasa da abin dogaro. Ana ƙayyade ƙimar waɗannan capacitors ta hanyar haɗin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun na'urar crystal da tsarin allo, la'akari da ɓataccen ƙarfin PCB da abubuwan da ke cikin hanyar agogo.
• Koyaya, don tantance daidaiton da'irar agogo, dole ne a auna mitar agogo akan kayan aiki na gaske. Aunawa kai tsaye na da'irar agogo zai kusan haifar da ma'aunin da ba daidai ba. Matsakaicin ƙima na masu ɗaukar nauyi yana cikin kewayon 5 pF zuwa 30 pF, kuma ƙimar ƙarfin binciken oscilloscope na yau da kullun galibi suna cikin kewayon 5 pF zuwa 15 pF. Ƙarin ƙarfin binciken yana da mahimmanci idan aka kwatanta da ƙimar ƙarfin cajin kuma zai karkatar da ma'auni, wanda zai haifar da sakamakon da ba daidai ba. Mafi ƙarancin ƙima na binciken oscilloscope har yanzu yana kusa da ƙarfin 1.5 pF don ingantattun bincike, wanda har yanzu zai iya karkatar da sakamakon auna.
• Mai zuwa hanya ce da aka ba da shawarar don auna daidaiton mitar agogo akan samfuran allon MCU. Wannan hanya tana kawar da yuwuwar kuskuren ma'auni saboda ɗaukar nauyi da aka ƙara ta binciken aunawa.

Tsarin Gwajin Nasiha
Renesas RA microcontrollers sun haɗa da aƙalla fil CLKOUT ɗaya. Don kawar da ɗaukar nauyi na bincike akan siginar kristal na agogo, ana iya tsara microcontroller don wuce shigarwar crystal na agogo zuwa fil ɗin CLKOUT. Kwamitin MCU da za a gwada dole ne ya haɗa da tanadi don samun damar wannan fil don aunawa.

Abubuwan da ake buƙata

• Ɗaya ko fiye allon MCU don na'urar da za a auna.
• Shirye-shirye da kayan aikin kwaikwayo don na'urar da za a auna.
• Mitar mitar da aƙalla daidaitattun lambobi 6, tare da daidaitawa daidai.

Hanyar Gwaji

1. Shirya MCU don haɗa shigarwar crystal na agogo don da'irar ƙaramin agogo zuwa fil ɗin CLKOUT na MCU.
2. Haɗa ma'aunin mitar zuwa fil ɗin CLKOUT na MCU da ƙasa mai dacewa. KAR KA haɗa ma'aunin mitar kai tsaye zuwa da'irar crystal na agogo.
3. Sanya ma'aunin mitar don auna mitar akan fil ɗin CLKOUT.
4. Bada ma'aunin mitar don auna mitar na mintuna da yawa. Yi rikodin mitar da aka auna.

Ana iya amfani da wannan hanya don duka ƙananan agogo da babban agogon oscillators. Don ganin tasirin ƙimar capacitor na loading akan daidaiton agogon crystal, ana iya maimaita gwajin tare da ƙima daban-daban don masu ɗaukar nauyi. Zaɓi ƙimar da ke ba da mafi kyawun mitar agogo ga kowane agogo.
Hakanan ana ba da shawarar sake maimaita hanya akan allunan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan iri ɗaya don haɓaka ingancin ma'aunin.

Ƙididdiga Daidaiton Mitar Mita
Ana iya ƙididdige daidaiton mitar ta amfani da dabaru masu zuwa.

• fm = mitar da aka auna
• fs = mitar siginar manufa
• fe = kuskuren mita
• fa = daidaiton mitar, yawanci ana bayyana shi a cikin sassan da biliyan (ppb)

Ana iya bayyana kuskuren mita kamar

Ana iya bayyana daidaiton mita kamar Hakanan za'a iya bayyana daidaiton mita ta hanyar karkata daga ainihin lokaci. Ana iya bayyana karkata, a cikin daƙiƙa guda a kowace shekara

Website da Support
Ziyarci wadannan URLs don koyo game da mahimman abubuwan dangin RA, zazzage abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da takaddun da ke da alaƙa, da samun tallafi.

• Rahoton da aka ƙayyade na RA www.renesas.com/ra
• RA Samfurin Support Forum www.renesas.com/ra/forum
• Kunshin software mai sassauci RA www.renesas.com/FSP
• Reneas Support www.renesas.com/support

Tarihin Bita

Rev.	Kwanan wata	Bayani
		Shafi	Takaitawa
1.00	Janairu 07.22, XNUMX	—	Sakin farko
2.00	Dec 01.23	18	An kara kashi na 3, Agogo Crystal Daidaita Ma'aunin

Sanarwa

1. Bayanin da'irori, software da sauran bayanan da ke da alaƙa a cikin wannan takaddar ana bayar da su kawai don kwatanta aikin samfuran semiconductor da aikace-aikacen ex.amples. Kuna da cikakken alhakin haɗawa ko kowane amfani na da'irori, software, da bayanai a cikin ƙira na samfur ko tsarin ku. Renesas Electronics yana watsi da duk wani abin alhaki na kowane asara da diyya da kai ko wasu na uku suka taso daga amfani da waɗannan da'irori, software, ko bayanai.
2. Renesas Electronics a nan yana ƙin yarda da duk wani garanti da alhakin cin zarafi ko duk wani da'awar da ta shafi haƙƙin mallaka, haƙƙin mallaka, ko wasu haƙƙin mallakar fasaha na ɓangare na uku, ta ko taso daga amfani da samfuran Renesas Electronics ko bayanan fasaha da aka bayyana a cikin wannan takaddar, gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga, bayanan samfurin, zane-zane, zane-zane, shirye-shirye, algorithms, da aikace-aikace examples.
3. Babu lasisi, bayyananne, bayyananne ko akasin haka, da aka bayar ta yanzu ƙarƙashin kowane haƙƙin mallaka, haƙƙin mallaka ko wasu haƙƙin mallakar fasaha na Renesas Electronics ko wasu.
4. Za ku ɗauki alhakin tantance irin lasisin da ake buƙata daga kowane ɓangare na uku, da samun irin waɗannan lasisi don shigo da halal, fitarwa, ƙira, siyarwa, amfani, rarrabawa ko zubar da kowane samfuran da ke haɗa samfuran Renesas Electronics, idan an buƙata.
5. Ba za ku canza, gyara, kwafi, ko juyar da injiniyan kowane samfur na Lantarki na Renesas ba, ko a gaba ɗaya ko a sashi. Renesas Electronics yana watsi da duk wani abin alhaki ga duk wata asara ko diyya da kuka yi ko wasu ɓangarori na uku da suka taso daga irin wannan canji, gyara, kwafi ko juyawa injiniyanci.
6. Ana rarraba samfuran Lantarki na Renesas bisa ga ma'auni masu inganci guda biyu masu zuwa: "Standard" da "High Quality". Aikace-aikacen da aka yi niyya don kowane samfurin Renesas Electronics ya dogara da ingancin samfurin, kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.
   • "Standard": Kwamfuta; kayan aikin ofis; kayan aikin sadarwa; kayan gwaji da aunawa; kayan sauti da na gani; gida
     na'urorin lantarki; kayan aikin injin; kayan aikin lantarki na sirri; robots masana'antu; da dai sauransu.
   • "High Quality": Kayan aikin sufuri (motoci, jiragen kasa, jiragen ruwa, da dai sauransu); kula da zirga-zirga (fitilar zirga-zirga); manyan kayan aikin sadarwa; mahimman tsarin kashe kuɗi; kayan sarrafa aminci; da dai sauransu.
     Sai dai idan an ayyana a fili azaman babban abin dogaro ko samfur don yanayi mai tsauri a cikin takardar bayanan Lantarki na Renesas ko wasu takaddun Lantarki na Renesas, samfuran Renesas Electronics ba a yi niyya ko ba su izini don amfani da samfur ko tsarin da zai iya haifar da barazana kai tsaye ga rayuwar ɗan adam ko rauni na jiki (na'urori ko tsarin tallafi na wucin gadi na wucin gadi; dasa shuki; da dai sauransu), ko na iya haifar da mummunar lalacewar dukiya (tsarin sararin samaniya, masu maimaita karkashin teku; tsarin sarrafa makamashin nukiliya, tsarin sarrafa jirgin sama; tsarin shuka key; kayan aikin soja, da dai sauransu). Renesas Electronics yana watsi da duk wani abin alhaki ga duk wani lahani ko asarar da kuka yi ko kowane ɓangare na uku da ya taso daga amfani da kowane samfurin Renesas Electronics wanda bai dace da kowane takardar bayanan Lantarki na Renesas ba, littafin jagorar mai amfani ko wasu takaddun Lantarki na Renesas.
7. Babu samfurin semiconductor da ke da cikakken tsaro. Ko da duk wani matakan tsaro ko fasalulluka waɗanda za'a iya aiwatarwa a cikin kayan aikin Renesas Electronics ko samfuran software, Renesas Electronics ba za su sami cikakkiyar alhaki ba daga kowane lahani ko keta tsaro, gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga kowane samun izini mara izini ko amfani da samfurin Renesas Electronics ba. ko tsarin da ke amfani da samfurin Renesas Electronics. RENESAS ELECTRONICS BASA WARRANCI KO GARANTIN KYAUTATA SAMUN ELECTRONICS, KO DUK WANI SIRRIN DA AKE YI AMFANI DA KAYAN ELECTRONICS NA RENESAS ZAI YI MASA RUWA KO KYAUTA DAGA CIN HANCI, CIN AMANA, SAURAN CIN AMANA, SAURAN SAMUN CIN AMANA ). RENEESAS ELECTRONICS YANA YIWA KOWANE WATA ALHAKI KO ALHAKIN DA YA TASHE DAGA KO MAI DANGANTA GA KOWANE AL'AMURAN LAFIYA. HAKA, ZUWA INDA DOKA TA KWANA, RENESAS ELECTRONICS TA YI RA'AYIN WANI DA DUKAN GARANTI, KAYYADE KO BAYANI, TARE DA GAME DA WANNAN RUBUTUN DA DUK WANI MAI GIRMA KO RA'AYIN DA AKE NUFI, DA RUWAN KWANA, BANGAREN SAURARA. MUSAMMAN MANUFAR.
8. Lokacin amfani da samfuran Lantarki na Renesas, koma zuwa sabbin bayanan samfur (taswirar bayanai, littattafan mai amfani, bayanan aikace-aikace, “Gaba ɗaya Bayanan kula don Kulawa da Amfani da Na'urorin Semiconductor” a cikin ingantaccen littafin jagora, da sauransu), kuma tabbatar da cewa yanayin amfani yana cikin jeri. Kayyade ta Reneas Electronics dangane da matsakaicin kima, aiki da wutar lantarki voltage kewayon, halayen ɓarkewar zafi, shigarwa, da sauransu. Renesas Electronics ya musanta duk wani alhaki ga duk wani lahani, gazawa ko haɗari da ya taso daga amfani da samfuran Renesas Electronics a waje da irin ƙayyadaddun jeri.
9. Kodayake Renesas Electronics yana ƙoƙarin inganta inganci da amincin samfuran Renesas Electronics, samfuran semiconductor suna da takamaiman halaye, kamar faruwar gazawa a wani ƙima da rashin aiki a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayin amfani. Sai dai idan an sanya shi azaman babban abin dogaro ko samfur don mahalli masu tsauri a cikin takardar bayanan Lantarki na Renesas ko wasu daftarin aikin Lantarki na Renesas, samfuran Renesas Electronics ba su ƙarƙashin ƙirar juriyar radiation. Kuna da alhakin aiwatar da matakan tsaro don kiyaye yiwuwar rauni na jiki, rauni ko lalacewa ta hanyar wuta, da/ko haɗari ga jama'a a cikin abin da ya faru na gazawa ko rashin aiki na samfuran Renesas Electronics, kamar ƙirar aminci don kayan aiki da kayan aiki. software, ciki har da amma ba'a iyakance ga sakewa ba, sarrafa wuta da rigakafin rashin aiki, magani mai dacewa don lalata tsufa ko wasu matakan da suka dace. Saboda kimanta software na microcomputer kadai yana da matukar wahala kuma ba shi da amfani, kuna da alhakin kimanta amincin samfuran ƙarshe ko tsarin da ku ke ƙera.
10. Da fatan za a tuntuɓi ofishin tallace-tallace na Renesas Electronics don cikakkun bayanai game da al'amuran muhalli kamar dacewa da muhalli na kowane samfurin Renesas Electronics. Kai ne ke da alhakin bincika a hankali da isasshiyar bincikar dokoki da ƙa'idodi waɗanda ke daidaita haɗawa ko amfani da abubuwan sarrafawa, gami da ba tare da iyakancewa ba, EU RoHS Directive, da amfani da samfuran Lantarki na Renesas a cikin bin duk waɗannan dokoki da ƙa'idodi masu dacewa. Renesas Electronics yayi watsi da duk wani alhaki na lalacewa ko asarar da ke faruwa sakamakon rashin bin ka'idoji da dokoki.
11. Ba za a yi amfani da samfuran da fasaha na Renesas Electronics don ko haɗa su cikin kowane samfur ko tsarin da kerawa, amfani, ko siyarwa ba a ƙarƙashin kowace doka ko ƙa'idodi na gida ko na waje. Za ku bi duk wasu dokoki da ƙa'idodin sarrafa fitarwar fitarwa da gwamnatocin kowace ƙasa ke ba da ikon mallakar ɓangarori ko ma'amaloli.
12. Yana da alhakin mai siye ko mai rarraba kayan Lantarki na Renesas, ko duk wata ƙungiya da ke rarrabawa, zubar, ko in ba haka ba ta sayarwa ko canja wurin samfurin zuwa wani ɓangare na uku, don sanar da irin wannan ɓangare na uku a gaba na abubuwan da ke ciki da sharuɗɗan da aka tsara. a cikin wannan takarda.
13. Ba za a sake buga wannan takarda ba, sake bugawa ko kwafi ta kowace hanya, gabaɗaya ko a sashi, ba tare da rubutaccen izinin Renesas Electronics ba.
14. Da fatan za a tuntuɓi ofishin tallace-tallace na Reneas Electronics idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da bayanin da ke cikin wannan takarda ko samfuran Reneas Electronics.

• (Lura 1) "Renesas Electronics" kamar yadda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan takarda yana nufin Renesas Electronics Corporation kuma ya haɗa da rassan sa kai tsaye ko a kaikaice.
• (Lura 2) “samfurin (s) na Renesas Electronics” na nufin duk wani samfur da aka ƙera ko ƙera ta ko don Renesas Electronics.

(Rev.5.0-1 Oktoba 2020)

Hedikwatar Kamfanin

• TOYOSU FORESIA, 3-2-24 Toyosu,
• Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0061, Japan
• www.renesas.com

Alamomin kasuwanci
Renesas da tambarin Renesas alamun kasuwanci ne na Renesas Electronics Corporation. Duk alamun kasuwanci da alamun kasuwanci masu rijista mallakin masu su ne.

Bayanin hulda
Don ƙarin bayani kan samfur, fasaha, mafi sabuntar sigar takarda, ko ofishin tallace-tallace mafi kusa, da fatan za a ziyarci: www.renesas.com/contact/.

© 2023 Renesas Electronics Corporation. An kiyaye duk haƙƙoƙin.

Takardu / Albarkatu

RENESAS RA MCU Series RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers [pdf] Jagorar mai amfani RA MCU Series RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers, RA MCU Series, RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers, Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers, Microcontrollers

Magana

• Manual mai amfani