RENESAS RA MCU Series RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers

Zambiri Zamalonda

Zofotokozera

• Zogulitsa Dzina: Banja la Renesas RA
• Chitsanzo: RA MCU Series

Mawu Oyamba
Buku la Renesas RA Family Design Guide for Sub-Clock Circuits limapereka malangizo amomwe mungachepetse kuopsa kwa ntchito yolakwika mukamagwiritsa ntchito resonator ya low capacitive load (CL). Dongosolo la sub-clock oscillation lili ndi phindu lochepa kuti lichepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, koma limatha kumva phokoso. Bukuli likufuna kuthandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kusankha zigawo zoyenera ndikupanga mabwalo awo ang'onoang'ono moyenera.

Zida Zolinga
RA MCU Series

Zamkatimu

1. Kusankha Kwagawo
   1. Kusankhidwa kwa Crystal Resonator Yakunja
   2. Kusankha kwa Capacitor
2. Mbiri Yobwereza

Malangizo Ogwiritsira Ntchito Zogulitsa

Kusankha Kwagawo

Kusankhidwa kwa Crystal Resonator Yakunja

• Chowunikira chakunja cha kristalo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gwero la oscillator wotchi yaying'ono. Iyenera kulumikizidwa kudutsa XCIN ndi XCOUT zikhomo za MCU. Mafupipafupi a crystal resonator yakunja kwa oscillator yaing'ono ayenera kukhala ndendende 32.768 kHz. Chonde onani gawo la Electrical Characteristics la MCU Hardware User's Manual kuti mumve zambiri.
• Kwa ma microcontrollers ambiri a RA, resonator yakunja ya kristalo itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati gwero lalikulu la wotchi. Pankhaniyi, iyenera kulumikizidwa pazikhomo za EXTAL ndi XTAL za MCU. Mafupipafupi a wotchi yayikulu yakunja ya kristalo resonator iyenera kukhala mkati mwamafupipafupi omwe amatchulidwa kwa oscillator wotchi yayikulu. Ngakhale kuti chikalatachi chimayang'ana pa oscillator yaing'ono, malangizo osankhidwa ndi mapangidwe omwe atchulidwa pano angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pakupanga gwero lalikulu la wotchi pogwiritsa ntchito resonator yakunja ya kristalo.
• Posankha resonator ya kristalo, ndikofunikira kuganizira mawonekedwe apadera a board. Pali ma resonator osiyanasiyana a kristalo omwe atha kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zida za RA MCU. Ndikofunikira kuti muwunike mosamala mawonekedwe amagetsi a crystal resonator yosankhidwa kuti mudziwe zofunikira zenizeni zoyendetsera.
• Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa wakale wakaleample la cholumikizira cha crystal resonator kwa gwero la wotchi yaying'ono, pomwe Chithunzi 2 chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe ake ofanana.

Kusankha kwa Capacitor
Kusankhidwa kwa capacitor ndikofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa wotchi yaying'ono ndi zida za RA MCU. Chonde onani gawo la Electrical Characteristics la MCU Hardware User's Manual kuti mumve zambiri komanso malangizo okhudza katundu wa capacitor.
kusankha.

FAQ

• Q: Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito crystal resonator kwa oscillator yaing'ono?
  A: Ayi, resonator yakunja ya kristalo ya oscillator ya wotchi yaying'ono iyenera kukhala ndi ma frequency a 32.768 kHz. Onani gawo la Electrical Characteristics la MCU Hardware User's Manual kuti mudziwe zambiri.
• Q: Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito kristalo resonator yomweyo kwa oscillator yaying'ono ndi oscillator wotchi yayikulu?
  A: Inde, kwa ma microcontrollers ambiri a RA, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chowunikira chakunja cha kristalo monga oscillator yaing'ono ndi oscillator wotchi yayikulu. Komabe, chonde onetsetsani kuti mafupipafupi a wotchi yayikulu yakunja ya kristalo resonator ikugwera mkati mwanthawi yomwe yatchulidwa pawotchi yayikulu ya oscillator.

Banja la Renesas RA

Kalozera Wamapangidwe a Magawo Ang'onoang'ono

Mawu Oyamba
Chigawo cha sub-clock oscillation chili ndi phindu lochepa kuti muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Chifukwa cha kupindula kochepa, pali chiopsezo kuti phokoso lingapangitse MCU kugwira ntchito molakwika. Chikalatachi chikufotokoza momwe mungachepetsere chiopsezochi pogwiritsa ntchito resonator ya low capacitive load (CL).

Zida Zolinga
RA MCU Series

Kusankha Kwagawo

Kusankha kwagawo ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kugwira ntchito koyenera kwa wotchi yaying'ono ndi zida za RA MCU. Magawo otsatirawa amapereka chitsogozo chothandizira pakusankha zigawo.

Kusankhidwa kwa Crystal Resonator Yakunja
Resonator yakunja ya kristalo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gwero la oscillator laling'ono. Chowunikira chakunja cha kristalo chimalumikizidwa kudutsa XCIN ndi XCOUT zikhomo za MCU. Mafupipafupi a crystal resonator yakunja kwa oscillator yaing'ono ayenera kukhala ndendende 32.768 kHz. Onani gawo la Electrical Characteristics la MCU Hardware User's Manual kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Kwa ma microcontrollers ambiri a RA, resonator yakunja ya kristalo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gwero lalikulu la wotchi. Chowunikira chakunja cha kristalo chimalumikizidwa pazikhomo za EXTAL ndi XTAL za MCU. Mafupipafupi a wotchi yayikulu kunja kwa kristalo resonator ayenera kukhala pafupipafupi osiyanasiyana oscillator wotchi yayikulu. Chikalatachi chimayang'ana pa oscillator ya wotchi yaying'ono, koma malangizo awa osankhidwa ndi mapangidwe amathanso kugwira ntchito pakupanga gwero la wotchi yayikulu pogwiritsa ntchito kristalo wakunja.
Kusankhidwa kwa crystal resonator kudzadalira kwambiri mapangidwe apadera a board. Chifukwa cha kusankha kwakukulu kwa ma crystal resonator omwe angakhale oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zipangizo za RA MCU, fufuzani mosamala mawonekedwe a magetsi a crystal resonator yosankhidwa kuti mudziwe zofunikira zenizeni zogwiritsira ntchito.

Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa wakale wakaleample la cholumikizira cha crystal resonator kwa gwero la wotchi yaying'ono.

Chithunzi 2 chikuwonetsa dera lofanana la kristalo resonator pa wotchi yaying'ono.

Chithunzi 3 chikuwonetsa wakale wakaleample la cholumikizira cha crystal resonator kwa gwero lalikulu la wotchi.

Chithunzi 4 chikuwonetsa dera lofanana la kristalo resonator pa wotchi yayikulu.

Kuwunika mosamala kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito posankha kristalo resonator ndi ma capacitor ogwirizana nawo. Zotsutsa zakunja (Rf) ndi damping resistor (Rd) ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ngati ikulimbikitsidwa ndi wopanga crystal resonator.
Kusankhidwa kwa ma capacitor a CL1 ndi CL2 kudzakhudza kulondola kwa wotchi yamkati. Kuti mumvetsetse momwe CL1 ndi CL2 imakhudzira, derali liyenera kutsatiridwa pogwiritsa ntchito dera lofanana la kristalo resonator muzithunzi pamwambapa. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola, ganiziraninso mphamvu yosokera yokhudzana ndi njira pakati pa zigawo za crystal resonator.
Ma resonator ena a kristalo amatha kukhala ndi malire pazomwe zimaperekedwa ndi MCU. Ngati zomwe zaperekedwa kwa ma crystal resonator ndi apamwamba kwambiri, kristaloyo imatha kuwonongeka. A damping resistor (Rd) atha kuwonjezeredwa kuti achepetse zomwe zikuchitika ku crystal resonator. Fotokozerani kwa wopanga kristalo resonator kuti muwone kufunikira kwa chopinga ichi.

Kusankha kwa Capacitor
Opanga ma resonator a Crystal nthawi zambiri apereka kuchuluka kwa katundu (CL) pa resonator iliyonse ya kristalo. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino dera la crystal resonator, mapangidwe a bolodi ayenera kufanana ndi mtengo wa CL wa kristalo.
Pali njira zingapo zowerengera zolondola zonyamula katundu CL1 ndi CL2. Mawerengedwe awa amaganizira zamtengo wapatali wa capacitors katundu ndi capacitance osokera (CS) wa kamangidwe bolodi, zomwe zikuphatikizapo capacitance wa kuda mkuwa ndi zikhomo chipangizo cha MCU.
Equation imodzi yowerengera CL ndi: Monga example, ngati wopanga galasi atchula CL = 14 pF, ndipo mapangidwe a board ali ndi CS ya 5 pF, zotsatira za CL1 ndi CL2 zingakhale 18 pF. Gawo 2.4 m'chikalatachi limapereka tsatanetsatane wa zosankhidwa zina zotsimikiziridwa za resonator ndi ma frequency ogwirizana nawo kuti agwire bwino ntchito.
Palinso zinthu zina zomwe zingakhudze ntchito ya kristalo. Kutentha, ukalamba wamagulu, ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe zimatha kusintha magwiridwe antchito a kristalo pakapita nthawi ndipo ziyenera kuwerengedwa pakupanga kulikonse.
Kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti zikugwira ntchito moyenera, dera lililonse liyenera kuyesedwa malinga ndi momwe chilengedwe chikuyendera kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikuyenda bwino.

Board Design

Kuyika Kwachigawo
Kuyika kwa kristalo oscillator, ma capacitor onyamula, ndi zopinga zomwe mungasankhe zitha kukhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a wotchiyo.
Kuti mufotokozere m'chikalatachi, "gawo la gawo" limatanthawuza mbali imodzi ya mapangidwe a PCB monga MCU, ndipo "mbali yogulitsa" imatanthawuza mbali ina ya mapangidwe a PCB kuchokera ku MCU.
Ndibwino kuti muyike dera la crystal resonator pafupi ndi mapini a MCU kumbali ya PCB. Ma capacitor olemetsa ndi otsutsa osankha ayeneranso kuyikidwa kumbali ya chigawocho, ndipo ayenera kuikidwa pakati pa crystal resonator ndi MCU. Njira ina ndikuyika cholumikizira cha kristalo pakati pa zikhomo za MCU ndi ma capacitor onyamula, koma njira yowonjezerapo iyenera kuganiziridwa.
Low CL crystal oscillators amakhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, zomwe zingakhudze kukhazikika kwa dera laling'ono la wotchi. Kuti muchepetse mphamvu ya kutentha pa wotchi yaying'ono, sungani zigawo zina zomwe zingapangitse kutentha kwakukulu kutali ndi crystal oscillator. Ngati madera amkuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kutentha kwa kutentha kwa zigawo zina, sungani kutentha kwa mkuwa kutali ndi crystal oscillator.

Kuyenda - Njira Zabwino Kwambiri
Gawoli likufotokoza mfundo zofunika pa masanjidwe oyenera a kristalo resonator dera kwa RA MCU zipangizo.

XCIN ndi XCOUT Routing
Mndandanda wotsatirawu ukufotokoza mfundo zoyendetsera XCIN ndi XCOUT. Chithunzi 5, Chithunzi 6, ndi Chithunzi 7 chikuwonetsa exampnjira zotsatirira zomwe mumakonda za XCIN ndi XCOUT. Chithunzi 8 chikuwonetsa fanizo linaampmayendedwe a XCIN ndi XCOUT. Manambala ozindikiritsa mu Ziwerengero amalozera pamndandandawu.

1. Osawoloka ma XCIN ndi XCOUT traces ndi zizindikiro zina.
2. Osawonjezera pini yowonera kapena malo oyesera pazithunzi za XCIN kapena XCOUT.
3. Pangani XCIN ndi XCOUT m'lifupi mwake pakati pa 0.1 mm ndi 0.3 mm. Kutalika kwa mapini a MCU kupita ku zikhomo za crystal resonator kuyenera kukhala kosakwana 10 mm. Ngati 10 mm sizingatheke, pangani kutalika kwake kwafupipafupi momwe mungathere.
4. Chotsatira cholumikizidwa ndi pini ya XCIN ndi chotsatira cholumikizidwa ndi pini ya XCOUT chiyenera kukhala ndi malo ochuluka pakati pawo (osachepera 0.3 mm) momwe zingathere.
5. Lumikizani ma capacitors akunja moyandikana momwe mungathere. Lumikizani mayendedwe a ma capacitor kutsata pansi (pambuyo pake amatchedwa "chishango chapansi") kumbali ya gawo. Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa chishango chapansi, onani gawo 2.2.2. Pamene ma capacitor sangathe kuikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito malo omwe mumakonda, gwiritsani ntchito malo omwe akuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 8.
6. Kuti muchepetse mphamvu ya parasitic pakati pa XCIN ndi XCOUT, phatikizani njira yapansi pakati pa resonator ndi MCU.

Chithunzi 5. Example ya Kuyika Kokondedwa ndi Mayendedwe a XCIN ndi XCOUT, LQFP Phukusi

Chithunzi 6. Example ya Kuyika Kokondedwa ndi Mayendedwe a XCIN ndi XCOUT, LGA Packages

Chithunzi 7. Example ya Kuyika Kokondedwa ndi Mayendedwe a XCIN ndi XCOUT, BGA Packages

Chithunzi 8. Example ya Kuyika kwina ndi Njira za XCIN ndi XCOUT

Ground Shield
Tetezani chowotchera kristalo ndi mzere wapansi. Mndandanda wotsatirawu ukufotokoza mfundo zokhudzana ndi chishango chapansi. Chithunzi 9, Chithunzi 10, ndi Chithunzi 11 chikuwonetsa njira zakaleamples pa phukusi lililonse. Manambala ozindikiritsa pachithunzi chilichonse amalozera pamndandandawu.

1. Yalani chishango chapansi pagawo lomwelo monga njira yowonera ma crystal resonator.
2. Pangani chishango chapansi kuti chitsatire m'lifupi mwake osachepera 0.3 mm ndikusiya kusiyana kwa 0.3 mpaka 2.0 mm pakati pa chishango cha pansi ndi zina.
3. Sinthani chishango chapansi pafupi ndi pini ya VSS pa MCU momwe mungathere ndikuwonetsetsa kuti m'lifupi mwake ndi osachepera 0.3 mm.
4. Kuti muteteze zamakono kupyolera mu chishango cha pansi, sungani chishango cha pansi ndi pansi pa bolodi pafupi ndi pini ya VSS pa bolodi.

Chithunzi 9. Tsatani Eksample for the Ground Shield, LQFP Packages

Chithunzi 10. Tsatani Eksample ya Ground Shield, LGA Packages

Chithunzi 11. Tsatani Eksample kwa Ground Shield, BGA Packages

Pansi Pansi

Ma board a Multilayered Osachepera 1.2 mm Kunenepa
Kwa matabwa omwe ali osachepera 1.2 mm wandiweyani, ikani mzere wapansi kumbali ya solder (yotchedwanso pansi) ya malo a crystal resonator.
Mndandanda wotsatirawu ukufotokoza mfundo popanga bolodi la multilayered lomwe liri lolemera 1.2 mm. Chithunzi 12, Chithunzi 13, ndi Chithunzi 14 chikuwonetsa njira zakaleamples pamtundu uliwonse wa phukusi. Manambala odziwika pachithunzi chilichonse amalozera pamndandandawu.

1. Osayika zotsalira zapakati pagawo la kristalo resonator. Osayika magetsi kapena ma track apansi pamalowa. Osadutsa mazizindikiro kuderali.
2. Pangani nthaka yosachepera 0.1 mm kukula kuposa chishango chapansi.
3. Lumikizani pansi pansi pa solder kokha ku chishango chapansi pa gawo la gawo musanachilumikize ndi pini ya VSS.

Zolemba zowonjezera

• Pamaphukusi a LQFP ndi TFLGA, ingolumikizani chishango chapansi pansi pa gawo la gululo. Lumikizani pansi ku pini ya VSS kudzera pa chishango chapansi. Osalumikiza pansi kapena chishango chapansi ku nthaka ina osati pini ya VSS.
• Pamaphukusi a LFBGA, gwirizanitsani pansi molunjika ku pini ya VSS. Osalumikiza pansi kapena chishango chapansi ku nthaka ina osati pini ya VSS.

Chithunzi 12. Njira Example Pamene Multilayered Board ili osachepera 1.2 mm Thick, LQFP Packages

Chithunzi 13. Njira Example Pamene Multilayered Board ili osachepera 1.2 mm Kunenepa, LGA Packages

Chithunzi 14. Njira Example Pamene Multilayered Board ili osachepera 1.2 mm Kunenepa, BGA Phukusi

Ma board a Multilayered Ochepera 1.2 mm Kunenepa
Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera mfundo popanga bolodi la multilayered lomwe liri locheperapo 1.2 mm. Chithunzi 15 chikuwonetsa mayendedwe apakaleample.

Osayika zotsalira zilizonse ku zigawo zina kupatula gawo la gawo la kristalo resonator. Osayika magetsi ndi njira zapansi pamalowa. Osadutsa mazizindikiro kuderali.

Chithunzi 15. Njira Example Pamene Multilayered Board Ili Yochepera 1.2 mm Kunenepa, Phukusi la LQFP

Mfundo Zina
Mndandanda wotsatirawu ukufotokoza mfundo zina zomwe muyenera kuziganizira, ndipo Chithunzi 16 chikuwonetsa mayendedwe apanjiraample mukamagwiritsa ntchito phukusi la LQFP. Mfundo zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pamtundu uliwonse wa phukusi. Manambala odziwika pachithunzichi amalozera pamndandandawu.

1. Osayika zolemba za XCIN ndi XCOUT pafupi ndi zomwe zasintha kwambiri.
2. Osalondolera ma XCIN ndi XCOUT motsatana ndi ma siginoloji ena, monga a mapini oyandikana nawo.
3. Kutsatira kwa mapini omwe ali moyandikana ndi XCIN ndi XCOUT pin ayenera kuthamangitsidwa kutali ndi mapini a XCIN ndi XCOUT. Yang'anani njirazo kulowera pakati pa MCU kaye, kenako tsatirani njirazo kutali ndi zikhomo za XCIN ndi XCOUT. Izi zimalimbikitsidwa kuti mupewe kutsata njira zofananira ndi XCIN ndi XCOUT.
4. Yalani njira zambiri pansi pa MCU momwe mungathere.

Chithunzi 16. Njira Example kwa Mfundo Zina, LQFP Phukusi Example

Main Clock Resonator
Gawoli likufotokoza mfundo zoyendetsera wotchi yayikulu. Chithunzi 17 chikuwonetsa njira yakaleample.

• Tetezani chowotchera wotchi yayikulu ndi nthaka.
• Osalumikiza chishango chapansi pa chowotchera wotchi yayikulu ku chishango chapansi pa wotchi yaying'ono. Ngati chishango chachikulu cha wotchi yapansi chikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi chishango chapansi pa wotchi yapansi, pali kuthekera kuti phokoso lochokera ku resonator yaikulu ya wotchi likhoza kudutsa ndikukhudza wotchi yaying'ono.
• Mukayika ndi kuwongolera chowotchera wotchi yayikulu, tsatirani malangizo omwewo monga tafotokozera pa oscillator yaing'ono.

Chithunzi 17. Njira Example Pamene Mumateteza Chowongolera Chachikulu chokhala ndi Ground Shield

Njira - Zolakwika Zoyenera Kupewa
Poyendetsa dera laling'ono la wotchi, samalani kuti mupewe mfundo zotsatirazi. Kuwongolera zotsata ndi zilizonse mwazinthuzi kungapangitse kuti cholumikizira chotsika cha CL chisagwedezeke bwino. Chithunzi 18 chikuwonetsa mayendedwe apakaleample ndikuwonetsa zolakwika zamayendedwe. Manambala odziwika pachithunzichi amalozera pamndandandawu.

1. XCIN ndi XCOUT amatsata njira zina. (Kuopsa kwa ntchito yolakwika.)
2. Zikhomo zowonera (zoyesa) zimamangiriridwa ku XCIN ndi XCOUT. (Chiwopsezo cha kuyima kwa oscillation.)
3. Mawaya a XCIN ndi XCOUT ndiatali. (Kuopsa kwa ntchito yolakwika kapena kuchepa kulondola.)
4. Chishango cha pansi sichimaphimba dera lonselo, ndipo pamene pali chishango cha pansi, njirayo ndi yayitali komanso yopapatiza. (Kukhudzidwa mosavuta ndi phokoso, ndipo pali chiopsezo kuti kulondola kudzachepa kuchokera ku kusiyana komwe kungapangidwe ndi MCU ndi capacitor yakunja.)
5. Chishango chapansi chili ndi maulumikizidwe angapo a VSS kuphatikiza pini ya VSS. (Kuopsa kwa ntchito yolakwika kuchokera ku MCU yomwe ikuyenda pa chishango cha pansi.)
6. Mphamvu zamagetsi kapena njira zapansi zili pansi pa XCIN ndi XCOUT. (Kuopsa kwa kutaya koloko kapena kuyima kwa oscillation.)
7. Njira yokhala ndi mafunde akulu imayendetsedwa pafupi. (Kuopsa kwa ntchito yolakwika.)
8. Mapiritsi ofanana a mapini oyandikana ali pafupi komanso aatali. (Kuopsa kwa kutaya koloko kapena kuyima kwa oscillation.)
9. Zigawo zapakati zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polowera. (Kuwopsa kwa mawonekedwe a oscillation kuchepa kapena ma siginecha akugwira ntchito molakwika.)

Chithunzi 18. Njira Example Kuwonetsa Chiwopsezo Chachikulu Chogwira Ntchito Molakwika Chifukwa cha Phokoso

Reference Oscillation Circuit Constants ndi Verified Resonator Operation
Table 1 imatchula ma oscillation circuit circuits pa ntchito yotsimikiziridwa ya crystal resonator. Chithunzi 1 kumayambiriro kwa chikalatachi chikuwonetsa zakaleample circuit kwa ntchito yotsimikiziridwa ya resonator.

Table 1. Reference Oscillation Circuit Constants for Verified Resonator Operation

Wopanga	Mndandanda	SMD / Wotsogolera	Mafupipafupi (kHz)	CL (pF)	CL1(pF)	CL2(pF)	Rd(kΩ)
Kyocera	Chithunzi cha ST3215S	Zithunzi za SMD	32.768	12.5	22	22	0
				9	15	15	0
				6	9	9	0
				7	10	10	0
				4	1.8	1.8	0

Dziwani kuti si zida zonse za RA MCU zomwe zalembedwa pa Kyocera webmalo, ndi malangizo ang'onoang'ono oscillator salembedwa pazida zambiri za RA MCU. Zomwe zili patsambali zikuphatikizanso malingaliro a zida zina zofananira za Renesas MCU.

Kugwira ntchito kwa resonator yotsimikizika ndi ma resonator ozungulira ozungulira omwe alembedwa apa amatengera zambiri kuchokera kwa wopanga resonator ndipo sizotsimikizika. Monga ma reference oscillation circuit constants ndi miyeso yomwe imawunikidwa pansi pamikhalidwe yokhazikika ndi wopanga, zoyezera pamakina ogwiritsa ntchito zimatha kusiyana. Kuti mukwaniritse mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri ozungulira oscillation kuti mugwiritse ntchito pamakina enieni, funsani wopanga resonator kuti ayesenso dera lenileni.
Zomwe zili pachithunzichi ndizomwe zimayendetsa resonator yolumikizidwa ndi MCU ndipo sizinthu zogwirira ntchito za MCU yokha. Onaninso zomwe zili mumayendedwe amagetsi kuti mumve zambiri za machitidwe a MCU.

Kuyeza Kulondola kwa Clock kwa Clock

• Monga momwe amalimbikitsira onse opanga ma kristalo a wotchi ndi Renesas (mu Buku lililonse la MCU Hardware User's), kukhazikitsa koyenera kwa wotchi ya kristalo kumaphatikizapo 2 ma capacitor (CL1 ndi CL2 pazithunzi). Zigawo zam'mbuyo za chikalatachi zimaphimba kusankha capacitor. Ma capacitor awa amakhudza mwachindunji kulondola kwa ma frequency a wotchi. Kuyika ma capacitor okwera kwambiri kapena otsika kwambiri kumatha kukhudza kwambiri kulondola kwanthawi yayitali kwa wotchiyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti wotchiyo ikhale yodalirika. Mtengo wa ma capacitors awa umatsimikiziridwa ndi kuphatikizika kwa chipangizo cha kristalo ndi kapangidwe ka bolodi, poganizira mphamvu yosokera ya PCB ndi zigawo zomwe zili munjira ya wotchi.
• Komabe, kuti mudziwe bwino kulondola kwa wotchiyo, ma frequency a wotchi ayenera kuyezedwa pa hardware yeniyeni. Kuyeza kwachindunji kwa dera la wotchi kumapangitsa kuti miyeso yolakwika ikhale yolakwika. Mtengo wapang'onopang'ono wa ma capacitor otsegula uli pakati pa 5 pF mpaka 30 pF, ndipo ma oscilloscope probe capacitance values ​​nthawi zambiri amakhala mu 5 pF mpaka 15 pF. Mphamvu yowonjezera ya kafukufukuyo ndi yofunika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi miyeso ya capacitor yotsegula ndipo idzasokoneza muyeso, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zolakwika. Ma probe otsika kwambiri a capacitance oscilloscope akadali pafupifupi 1.5 pF capacitance pazambiri zolondola kwambiri, zomwe zitha kupotoza zotsatira zake.
• Zotsatirazi ndi njira yoyezera kulondola kwafupipafupi kwa wotchi pazinthu za board za MCU. Njirayi imachotsa cholakwika choyezera chomwe chingakhalepo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa capacitive komwe kumawonjezeredwa ndi kafukufuku woyezera.

Njira Yoyeserera yovomerezeka
Ma microcontrollers a Renesas RA amaphatikizanso pini imodzi ya CLKOUT. Kuti athetse kukweza kwa probe pazizindikiro za kristalo wa wotchi, chowongoleracho chimatha kukonzedwa kuti chipereke cholowetsa cha kristalo ku pini ya CLKOUT. Bungwe la MCU loti liyesedwe liyenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza pini iyi kuti iyesedwe.

Zofunika Zida

• Ma board a MCU amodzi kapena angapo kuti chipangizocho chiyezedwe.
• Mapulogalamu ndi kutsanzira zida kuti chipangizo kuyeza.
• Kauntala yafupipafupi yokhala ndi manambala osachepera 6, yokhala ndi mawerengedwe oyenera.

Njira Yoyesera

1. Konzani pulogalamu ya MCU kuti ilumikize kuyika kwa koloko ya wotchi ya wotchi yaying'ono ndi pini ya CLKOUT ya MCU.
2. Lumikizani kauntala pafupipafupi ndi pini ya CLKOUT ya MCU ndi malo oyenera. OSATI kulumikiza kauntala pafupipafupi ndi wotchi ya crystal circuit.
3. Konzani ma frequency counter kuti ayeze ma frequency pa CLKOUT pin.
4. Lolani makina owerengera kuti ayesere kuchuluka kwa mphindi zingapo. Lembani pafupipafupi kuyeza.

Njirayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mawotchi ang'onoang'ono ndi mawotchi akuluakulu a crystal oscillators. Kuti muwone zotsatira za ma capacitor otsitsa pa kulondola kwa kristalo wa wotchi, kuyesako kumatha kubwerezedwanso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma capacitor otsitsa. Sankhani makonda omwe amapereka ma frequency olondola kwambiri pa wotchi iliyonse.
Zimalimbikitsidwanso kubwereza ndondomekoyi pamagulu angapo amtundu womwewo kuti muwongolere kutsimikizika kwa miyeso.

Mawerengedwe Olondola Kwambiri
Kulondola kwafupipafupi kungawerengedwe pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi.

• fm = kuyeza pafupipafupi
• fs = ma frequency abwino
• fe = kulakwitsa pafupipafupi
• fa = kulondola kwafupipafupi, komwe kumawonetsedwa mu magawo biliyoni imodzi (ppb)

Kulakwitsa pafupipafupi kumatha kuwonetsedwa ngati

Kulondola kwafupipafupi kumatha kufotokozedwa ngati Kulondola kwafupipafupi kungasonyezedwenso mopatuka kuchokera ku nthawi yeniyeni. Kupatuka, mumasekondi pachaka, kumatha kufotokozedwa ngati

Webtsamba ndi Support
Pitani zotsatirazi URLs kuphunzira za zofunikira za banja la RA, kutsitsa zigawo ndi zolemba zina, ndi kupeza chithandizo.

• Zambiri Zogulitsa za RA www.renesas.com/ra
• RA Product Support Forum www.renesas.com/ra/forum
• Phukusi la RA Flexible Software www.renesas.com/FSP
• Thandizo la Renesas www.renesas.com/support

Mbiri Yobwereza

Rev.	Tsiku	Kufotokozera
		Tsamba	Chidule
1.00	Jan.07.22	-	Kutulutsidwa koyamba
2.00	Dec.01.23	18	Wowonjezera gawo 3, Kuyeza Kulondola kwa Clock kwa Clock

Zindikirani

1. Mafotokozedwe a mabwalo, mapulogalamu ndi zidziwitso zina zokhudzana ndi chikalatachi zaperekedwa kuti ziwonetsetse magwiridwe antchito azinthu zama semiconductor ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kale.amples. Muli ndi udindo wonse pakuphatikizidwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zina zilizonse zamabwalo, mapulogalamu, ndi chidziwitso pamapangidwe azinthu kapena makina anu. Renesas Electronics imakana chiwongola dzanja chilichonse pakuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka kulikonse komwe mungakumane nako kapena anthu ena chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mabwalo, mapulogalamu, kapena zambiri.
2. A Renesas Electronics akutsutsa mwatsatanetsatane zitsimikizo zilizonse zotsutsana ndi zomwe zikuphwanya kapena zonena zina zilizonse zokhudzana ndi ma patent, kukopera, kapena ufulu wina waluntha wa anthu ena, kapena chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zinthu za Renesas Electronics kapena zambiri zaukadaulo zomwe zafotokozedwa m'chikalatachi, kuphatikiza koma osati, kuchuluka kwazinthu, zojambula, ma chart, mapulogalamu, ma aligorivimu, ndi ntchito examples.
3. Palibe chilolezo, chofotokozera, chonenedwa kapena mwanjira ina, chomwe chimaperekedwa pansi pa zovomerezeka zilizonse, zokopera kapena ufulu wina waukadaulo wa Renesas Electronics kapena ena.
4. Mudzakhala ndi udindo wowona zilolezo zomwe zimafunidwa kuchokera kwa anthu ena, ndikupeza ziphaso zololeza kutumiza, kutumiza kunja, kupanga, kugulitsa, kugwiritsa ntchito, kugawa kapena kutaya zinthu zilizonse kuphatikiza zinthu za Renesas Electronics, ngati zingafunike.
5. Simudzasintha, kusintha, kukopera, kapena kusintha mainjiniya chilichonse cha Renesas Electronics, kaya chonse kapena pang'ono. Renesas Electronics imachotsa ngongole iliyonse pakuwonongeka kulikonse kapena kuwonongeka komwe mungakumane nako kapena anthu ena chifukwa chakusintha, kusinthidwa, kukopera kapena kubweza ukadaulo.
6. Zogulitsa za Renesas Electronics zimagawidwa molingana ndi magawo awiri awa: "Standard" ndi "High Quality". Zomwe akufunidwa pamtundu uliwonse wa Renesas Electronics zimatengera mtundu wazinthu zomwe zapangidwa, monga zasonyezedwera pansipa.
   • “Standard”: Makompyuta; zida zamaofesi; zida zoyankhulirana; zida zoyesera ndi kuyeza; zida zomvera ndi zowonera; kunyumba
     zida zamagetsi; zida zamakina; zida zamagetsi zamagetsi; maloboti mafakitale; ndi zina.
   • "High Quality": Zida zoyendera (magalimoto, masitima apamtunda, zombo, etc.); kuwongolera magalimoto (magetsi apamsewu); zida zoyankhulirana zazikulu; machitidwe ofunikira azachuma; zida zowongolera chitetezo; ndi zina.
     Pokhapokha ngati zatchulidwa kuti ndi zodalirika kwambiri kapena zopangira nkhanza mu pepala la data la Renesas Electronics kapena chikalata china cha Renesas Electronics, Renesas Electronics sichinapangidwe kapena kuloledwa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu kapena machitidwe omwe angawononge moyo wamunthu kapena kuvulazidwa kwa thupi (zida zopangira moyo wothandizira moyo kapena machitidwe; zoikamo opaleshoni; ndi zina zotero), kapena zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa katundu (dongosolo lamlengalenga; zobwerezabwereza pansi pa nyanja; machitidwe olamulira mphamvu za nyukiliya; machitidwe oyendetsa ndege; makina opangira makina akuluakulu; zida zankhondo; etc.). Renesas Electronics imakana ngongole iliyonse pakuwonongeka kapena kuwonongeka kulikonse komwe mungakumane nako kapena wina aliyense chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito chinthu chilichonse cha Renesas Electronics chomwe sichikugwirizana ndi pepala lililonse la Renesas Electronics, buku la ogwiritsa ntchito kapena chikalata china cha Renesas Electronics.
7. Palibe mankhwala a semiconductor omwe ali otetezeka. Mosasamala kanthu zachitetezo chilichonse kapena mawonekedwe omwe atha kukhazikitsidwa mu Renesas Electronics hardware kapena mapulogalamu apakompyuta, Renesas Electronics sadzakhala ndi mlandu uliwonse chifukwa cha chiopsezo kapena kuphwanya chitetezo, kuphatikiza koma osangokhala ndi mwayi uliwonse wosaloledwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu cha Renesas Electronics. kapena dongosolo lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Renesas Electronics. RENESAS ELECTRONICS SIKUTHANDIZA KAPENA KUTSIMIKIZIRA KUTI AMAKONZEZA ZINTHU ZAMA ELECTRONICS, KAPENA ZINTHU ZINA ZOMWE ZINACHITIKA POGWIRITSA NTCHITO ZOTSATIRA ZA ELECTRONICS ZA RENESAS SIZIDZACHITIKA KAPENA KUCHOKERA KU ZIVUNDU, ZOWUZA, MAVIRASI, KUWONONGA ZINTHU, KUCHITIKA ZINTHU, KUZIGWIRITSA NTCHITO, KUZIGWIRITSA NTCHITO, KUZIGWIRITSA NTCHITO. ). RENESAS ELECTRONICS IMASINTHA UDINDO ULIWONSE NDI ONSE KAPENA NTCHITO ZOCHOKERA KUCHOKERA KAPENA ZOKHUDZANA NDI NKHANI ZILI ZONSE. Kuwonjezela apo, MUKUGWIRITSA NTCHITO YOLOLOLEDWA NDI MALAMULO WOGWIRITSA NTCHITO, RENESAS ELECTRONICS AMADZIWA ZINTHU ZONSE NDI ZINSINSI ZONSE, KUSINTHA KAPENA ZOCHITIKA, PAMODZI NDI CHIKHALIDWE CHINO NDI ZINTHU ZILI ZOKHUDZA KAPENA ZOGWIRITSA NTCHITO, OSATI ZOKHUDZA ZOKHUDZA ZOKHUDZA ZOKHUDZA ZOKHUDZA ZOTHANDIZA. CHOLINGA ENA.
8. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zinthu za Renesas Electronics, tchulani zidziwitso zaposachedwa kwambiri (mapepala, zolemba za ogwiritsa ntchito, zolemba zamagwiritsidwe ntchito, "Zolemba Zonse Zokhudza Kugwira ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida Zogwiritsa Ntchito Semiconductor" mu bukhu lodalirika, ndi zina zotero), ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zogwiritsiridwa ntchito zili mkati mwa migawo. yofotokozedwa ndi Renesas Electronics potengera ma ratings apamwamba, magetsi ogwiritsira ntchito voltage, mawonekedwe a kutentha, kuyika, ndi zina zotero. Renesas Electronics imatsutsa zolakwa zilizonse, kulephera kapena ngozi yomwe imabwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zinthu za Renesas Electronics kunja kwa mindandanda yotereyi.
9. Ngakhale Renesas Electronics imayesetsa kupititsa patsogolo kudalirika komanso kudalirika kwa zinthu za Renesas Electronics, zinthu za semiconductor zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera, monga kulephera pamlingo wina komanso kulephera kwazinthu zina. Pokhapokha atasankhidwa kukhala chinthu chodalirika kwambiri kapena chopangira madera ovuta mu pepala la data la Renesas Electronics kapena chikalata china cha Renesas Electronics, zinthu za Renesas Electronics sizingagwirizane ndi kapangidwe kake ka radiation. Muli ndi udindo wokhazikitsa chitetezo kuti muteteze kuvulala, kuvulala kapena kuwonongeka chifukwa cha moto, komanso/kapena ngozi kwa anthu ngati zinthu za Renesas Electronics zalephereka kapena zitasokonekera, monga kapangidwe ka chitetezo cha hardware ndi mapulogalamu, kuphatikizapo koma osawerengeka ku redundancy, kuwongolera moto ndi kupewa kusagwira ntchito bwino, chithandizo choyenera cha ukalamba kapena njira zina zilizonse zoyenera. Chifukwa kuwunika kwa mapulogalamu a microcomputer okha ndizovuta kwambiri komanso kosatheka, muli ndi udindo wowunika chitetezo chazinthu zomaliza kapena makina opangidwa ndi inu.
10. Chonde lemberani ofesi yogulitsa ya Renesas Electronics kuti mumve zambiri zazachilengedwe monga kuyanjana kwachilengedwe kwa chinthu chilichonse cha Renesas Electronics. Muli ndi udindo wofufuza mosamala komanso mokwanira malamulo ndi malamulo okhudza kuphatikizika kapena kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zinthu zolamulidwa, kuphatikizapo popanda malire, EU RoHS Directive, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za Renesas Electronics motsatira malamulo ndi malangizowa. Renesas Electronics imachotsa udindo uliwonse pakuwonongeka kapena kutayika komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakusamvera kwanu malamulo ndi malamulo omwe akugwira ntchito.
11. Zogulitsa ndi matekinoloje a Renesas Electronics sizidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kuphatikizidwa muzinthu zilizonse zomwe kupanga, kugwiritsa ntchito, kapena kugulitsa ndikoletsedwa pansi pa malamulo kapena malamulo anyumba kapena akunja. Mudzatsatira malamulo ndi malamulo aliwonse oyendetsera katundu omwe atulutsidwa ndi kutsogozedwa ndi maboma a mayiko aliwonse omwe ali ndi mphamvu pa maphwando kapena zochitika.
12. Ndi udindo wa wogula kapena wogawa zinthu za Renesas Electronics, kapena wina aliyense amene amagawa, kutaya, kapena kugulitsa kapena kusamutsa malonda kwa munthu wina, kuti adziwitse gulu lachitatu pasadakhale zomwe zili mkati ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa. mu chikalata ichi.
13. Chikalatachi sichidzasindikizidwanso, kupangidwanso kapena kutsatiridwa mwanjira iliyonse, yonse kapena mbali zake, popanda chilolezo cholembedwa cha Renesas Electronics.
14. Chonde lemberani ofesi yogulitsa ya Renesas Electronics ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi zomwe zili mu chikalatachi kapena zinthu za Renesas Electronics.

• (Chidziwitso1) "Renesas Electronics" monga momwe agwiritsidwira ntchito m'chikalatachi amatanthauza Renesas Electronics Corporation ndipo imaphatikizaponso mabungwe ake omwe amayendetsedwa mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina.
• (Chidziwitso2) "Renesas Electronics product(s)" amatanthauza chinthu chilichonse chopangidwa kapena chopangidwa ndi kapena cha Renesas Electronics.

(Rev.5.0-1 October 2020)

Likulu Lamakampani

• TOYOSU FORESIA, 3-2-24 Toyosu,
• Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0061, Japan
• www.renesas.com

Zizindikiro
Renesas ndi logo ya Renesas ndi zizindikilo za Renesas Electronics Corporation. Zizindikiro zonse ndi zilembo zolembetsedwa ndi katundu wa eni ake.

Zambiri zamalumikizidwe
Kuti mumve zambiri pazamalonda, ukadaulo, chikalata chaposachedwa kwambiri, kapena ofesi yogulitsa pafupi nanu, chonde pitani: www.renesas.com/contact/.

© 2023 Renesas Electronics Corporation. Maumwini onse ndi otetezedwa.

Zolemba / Zothandizira

RENESAS RA MCU Series RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers [pdf] Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito RA MCU Series RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers, RA MCU Series, RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers, Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers, Microcontrollers

Maumboni

• Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito