MICROCHIP dsPIC33EP32MC204 Drone Propeller Reference Design

Ọrọ Iṣaaju

LORIVIEW
Apẹrẹ itọkasi jẹ ipilẹ idiyele idiyele kekere ti o fojusi fun awọn ohun elo quadcopter/drone pẹlu awọn ategun ti o wa nipasẹ Amuṣiṣẹpọ Magnet Yẹ-mẹta tabi Brushless. Apẹrẹ yii da lori Microchip dsPIC33EP32MC204 DSC, ẹrọ iṣakoso mọto kan.

Nọmba 1-1: dsPIC33EP32MC204 Apẹrẹ itọkasi oluṣakoso ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Drone 

Awọn ẹya ara ẹrọ

Awọn ẹya pataki ti Apẹrẹ Itọkasi jẹ bi atẹle:

• Agbara Iṣakoso Mọto-Ipele Mẹta Stage
• Idahun lọwọlọwọ alakoso nipasẹ ọna shunt fun iṣẹ ṣiṣe ti o ga julọ
• Ipele voltage esi lati se sensọ-kere trapezoidal Iṣakoso tabi fò ibere
• DC Bus voltage esi fun lori-voltage aabo
• ICSP akọsori fun In-Circuit Serial Programming lilo Microchip Programmer/Debugger
• CAN Communication akọsori

DIAGRAM TITI

 

Awọn oriṣiriṣi awọn apakan hardware ti Apẹrẹ Itọkasi ni a fihan ni Nọmba 1-3 ati pe a ṣe akopọ ni Tabili 1-1.

Aworan 1-3: APA HARDWARE

Table 1-1 Hardware Section
Abala	Hardware Abala
1	Mẹta-alakoso motor Iṣakoso ẹrọ oluyipada
2	dsPIC33EP32MC204 ati iyika ti o somọ
3	MCP8026 MOSFET Awakọ
4	Ibaraẹnisọrọ LE
5	Awọn alatako Imọye lọwọlọwọ
6	Serial Communication Interface akọsori
7	ICSP™ Akọsori

8	Akọsori wiwo olumulo
9	DE2 MOSFET Driver Serial Interface akọsori

Board Interface Apejuwe

AKOSO
Ipin yii n pese apejuwe alaye diẹ sii ti titẹ sii ati awọn atọkun iṣelọpọ ti Apẹrẹ Itọkasi oluṣakoso Drone. Awọn koko-ọrọ atẹle wọnyi ni a bo:

• Board Connectors
• Awọn iṣẹ PIN ti dsPIC DSC
• Awọn iṣẹ PIN ti MOSFET Awakọ

AWỌN AWỌN NIPA BOARD
Yi apakan akopọ awọn asopọ ninu Smart Drone Adarí Board. Wọn ti han ni Nọmba 2-1 ati ni ṣoki ni Table 2-1.

• Npese agbara igbewọle si Igbimọ Alakoso Smart Drone.
• Gbigbe awọn abajade oluyipada si motor.
• Muu olumulo laaye lati ṣe eto/ ṣatunṣe ohun elo dsPIC33EP32MC204.
• Interfacing to CAN nẹtiwọki.
• Ṣiṣeto ibaraẹnisọrọ ni tẹlentẹle pẹlu PC agbalejo.
• Npese ifihan agbara itọkasi iyara.

olusin 2-1: Asopọmọra - Drone Motor Adarí Reference Design 

TABI 2-1 Asopọmọra 

Asopọmọra Designator	Ko si ti Pinni	Ipo	Apejuwe
ISP1	5	Olugbe	Akọsori ICSP™ – Oluṣeto Interfacing/Atunṣe si dsPIC® DSC
P5	6	Olugbe	CAN Communication Interface akọsori
P3	2	Olugbe	Serial Communication Interface akọsori
P2	2	Olugbe	Iyara Itọkasi PWM/Akọsori wiwo Afọwọṣe
IKO A, IPINLE B, ALASE C	3	Ko Olugbe	Awọn abajade oluyipada alakoso-mẹta
VDC, GND	2	Ko Olugbe	Input DC ipese taabu asopo ohun (VDC: ebute rere, GND: ebute odi)
P1	2	Olugbe	DE2 MOSFET Driver Serial Interface akọsori. Jọwọ tọka si Iwe data MCP8025A/6 fun ohun elo hardware ati awọn pato ilana ibaraẹnisọrọ

Akọsori ICSP™ fun Oluṣeto/Ibaraẹnisọrọ Oluyipada (ISP1)
ISP6 akọsori 1-pin le sopọ pẹlu pirogirama, fun example, PICkit 4, fun siseto ati yokokoro ìdí. Eyi kii ṣe olugbe. Gbagbe nigbati o nilo pẹlu Nọmba Apakan 68016-106HLF tabi iru. Awọn alaye pin ti pese ni Table 2-2.

TABLE 2-2: PIN Apejuwe - akọsori ISP1 

PIN #	Orukọ ifihan agbara	Pin Apejuwe
1	MCLR	Kọ ẹrọ Titunto si (MCLR)
2	+ 3.3V	Ipese voltage
3	GND	Ilẹ
4	PGD	Laini data siseto Ẹrọ (PGD)
5	PGC	Laini Aago Siseto Ẹrọ (PGC)

Akọsori Ibaraẹnisọrọ CAN (P5)
Akọsori 6-pin yii le ṣee lo fun interfacing si nẹtiwọọki CAN. Awọn alaye pin ti pese ni Table 2-3.

TABI 2-3: Apejuwe PIN - Akọsori P5 

PIN #	Orukọ ifihan agbara	Pin Apejuwe
1	3.3 V	Awọn ipese 3.3 volts si module ita (10 ma. Max)
2	DURO DIE	Ifihan agbara titẹ sii lati gbe oluṣakoso ọlọgbọn ni imurasilẹ
3	GND	Ilẹ
4	CANTX	Atagba CAN (3.3V)
5	CANRX	CAN olugba (3.3V)
6	DGND	Ti sopọ si ilẹ oni-nọmba lori ọkọ

Itọkasi Iyara Akọsori UI (P2)
Akọsori 2-pin P2 ni a lo fun ipese itọkasi Iyara si famuwia nipasẹ awọn ọna 2. Awọn pinni ti wa ni kukuru-Circuit ni idaabobo. Awọn alaye ti akọsori P2 ni a fun ni Table 2-4.

TABI 2-4: Apejuwe PIN - Akọsori P2 

PIN #	Orukọ ifihan agbara	Pin Apejuwe
1	INPUT_FMU_PWM	Ifihan oni nọmba – PWM 50Hz, 3-5Volts, 4-85%
2	AD iyara	Ifihan afọwọṣe – 0 si 3.3 V

Akọsori Ibaraẹnisọrọ Tẹlentẹle (P3)
Akọsori 2-pin P3 le ṣee lo fun iraye si awọn pinni ti ko lo ti microcontroller fun imugboroosi iṣẹ tabi n ṣatunṣe aṣiṣe, ati awọn alaye pin ti akọsori J3 ni a fun ni tabili 2-4.

TABI 2-4: Apejuwe PIN - Akọsori P3 

PIN #	Orukọ ifihan agbara	Pin Apejuwe
1	RXL	UART - Olugba
2	TXL	UART - Atagba

DE2 MOSFET Akọsori Ni wiwo Oluwakọ Serial (P1)
Akọsori 2-pin P1 le ṣee lo fun iraye si awọn pinni ti ko lo ti microcontroller fun imugboroosi iṣẹ tabi n ṣatunṣe aṣiṣe, ati awọn alaye pin ti akọsori J3 ni a fun ni tabili 2-4.

TABI 2-4: Apejuwe PIN - Akọsori P1

PIN #	Orukọ ifihan agbara	Pin Apejuwe
1	DE2	UART - DE2 ifihan agbara
2	GND	Board Ilẹ lo fun ita asopọ

Inverter o wu Asopọmọra
Apẹrẹ itọkasi le wakọ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ PMSM/BLDC oni-mẹta. Awọn iṣẹ iyansilẹ PIN ti asopo ni a fihan ni Tabili 2-6. Awọn ti o tọ alakoso ọkọọkan ti awọn motor gbọdọ wa ni ti sopọ lati se yiyi pada.

TABLE 2-6: PIN Apejuwe 

PIN #	Pin Apejuwe
IPÁ A	Ipele 1 o wu ti ẹrọ oluyipada
IPINLE B	Ipele 2 o wu ti ẹrọ oluyipada
ALASE C	Ipele 3 o wu ti ẹrọ oluyipada

Asopọ DC ti nwọle (VDC ati GND)
Awọn ọkọ ti a ṣe lati ṣiṣẹ ni DC voltage ibiti o ti 11V to 14V, eyi ti o le wa ni agbara nipasẹ awọn asopọ VDC ati GND. Awọn alaye asopo ni a fun ni Table 2-7.

TABLE 2-7: PIN Apejuwe 

PIN #	Pin Apejuwe
VDC	DC Input ipese rere
GND	DC Input ipese odi

OLUMULO INTERFACE
Awọn ọna meji lo wa lati ni wiwo si Smart Drone Adarí famuwia lati pese titẹ sii itọkasi iyara.

• Iṣagbewọle PWM (Ifihan oni-nọmba – PWM 50Hz, 3-5Volts, 4-55% Iyipo iṣẹ)
• Analog voltage (0 – 3.3 Volt)

Ni wiwo ti wa ni ṣe nipasẹ awọn asopọ si awọn P2 asopo. Wo Tabili 2-4 fun alaye. Apẹrẹ itọkasi yii ni ẹya ẹrọ PWM oludari ita ti o pese itọkasi iyara. Oludari ita ni agbara agbara tirẹ ati ifihan LED apa 7. A le lo potentiometer lati ṣatunṣe iyara ti o fẹ nipa yiyipada ọna iṣẹ PWM ti o le yatọ lati 4% si 55%. (50Hz 4-6Volts) ni awọn sakani 3. Wo Abala 3.3 fun alaye diẹ sii.

Awọn iṣẹ PIN TI dsPIC DSC
Ẹrọ dsPIC33EP32MC204 inu ọkọ n ṣakoso awọn oniruuru awọn ẹya ara ẹrọ itọkasi nipasẹ awọn agbeegbe ati agbara Sipiyu. Awọn iṣẹ PIN ti dsPIC DSC ni a ṣe akojọpọ gẹgẹ bi iṣẹ ṣiṣe wọn ati gbekalẹ ni Tabili 2-9.

TABLE 2-9: dsPIC33EP32MC204 PIN awọn iṣẹ

Ifihan agbara	dsPIC DSC Pin Nọmba	dsPIC DSC Iṣẹ Pin	dsPIC DSC Agbeegbe	Awọn akiyesi
dsPIC DSC Iṣeto ni – Ipese, Tunto, Aago, ati siseto
V33	28,40	VDD	Ipese	+ 3.3V Digital ipese to dsPIC DSC
DGND	6,29,39	VSS		Digital Ilẹ
AV33	17	AVDD		+ 3.3V Afọwọṣe ipese si dsPIC DSC
AGND	16	AVSS		Analog Ilẹ
OSCI	30	OSCI/CLKI/RA2	Oscillator ita	Ko si ita asopọ.
RST	18	MCLR	Tunto	Sopọ si Akọsori ICSP (ISP1)
ISPDATA	41	PGED2/ASDA2/RP37/RB5	Ni-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP™) tabi Ni-Circuit yokokoro	Sopọ si Akọsori ICSP (ISP1)
ISPCLK	42	PGEC2 / ASCL2 / RP38 / RB6
IBUS	18	DACOUT/AN3/CMP1C/RA3	Comparator Analog Speed ​​​​giga 1 (CMP1) ati DAC1	Amplified Bus lọwọlọwọ ti wa ni filter siwaju ṣaaju asopọ si titẹ sii rere ti CMP1 fun wiwa lọwọlọwọ-julọ. Ibalẹ lọwọlọwọ ti ṣeto nipasẹ DAC1. Iṣagbejade comparator wa ni inu bi igbewọle aṣiṣe ti awọn olupilẹṣẹ PWM lati tii awọn PWM silẹ laisi ilowosi Sipiyu.
Voltage Esi
ADBUS	23	PGEC1/AN4/C1IN1+/RPI34/R B2	Pipin ADC mojuto	DC Bus voltage esi.
Ni wiwo yokokoro (P3)
RXL	2	RP54/RC6	Remappable Išė ti mo ti / O ati UART	Awọn ifihan agbara wọnyi ni asopọ si Akọsori P3 lati ni wiwo ibaraẹnisọrọ ni tẹlentẹle UART.
TXL	1	TMS/ASDA1/RP41/RB9
CAN Interface (P5)
CANTX	3	RP55/RC7	CAN olugba, Atagba ati imurasilẹ	Awọn ifihan agbara wọnyi ni asopọ si Akọsori P5
CANRX	4	RP56/RC8
DURO DIE	5	RP57/RC9
Awọn abajade PWM
PWM3H	8	RP42/PWM3H/RB10	PWM Module igbejade.	Tọkasi iwe data fun awọn alaye diẹ sii.
PWM3L	9	RP43/PWM3L/RB11
PWM2H	10	RPI144/PWM2H/RB12
PWM2L	11	RPI45/PWM2L/CTPLS/RB13
PWM1H	14	RPI46/PWM1H/T3CK/RB14
PWM1L	15	RPI47/PWM1L/T5CK/RB15
Idi gbogbogbo I/O

I_OUT2	22	PGEC3/VREF+/AN3/RPI33/CT ED1/RB1	Pipin ADC mojuto
MotorGateDr_ CE	31	OSC2 / CLKO / RA3	Ibudo I/O	Muu ṣiṣẹ tabi mu awakọ MOSFET ṣiṣẹ.
MotorGateDrv _ILIMIT_OUT	36	SCK1/RP151/RC3	Ibudo I/O	Overcurrent Idaabobo.
DE2	33	FLT32/SCL2/RP36/RB4	UART1	Reprogrammable ibudo tunto si UART1 TX
DE2 RX1	32	SDA2/RPI24/RA8	UART1	Reprogrammable ibudo tunto si UART1 RX
Iwọn Ipele voltage wiwọn
PHC	21	PGED3/VREF-/ AN2/RPI132/CTED2/RB0	Pipin ADC mojuto	Pada emf odo agbelebu oye PHASE C
PHB	20	AN1 / C1IN1 +/RA1	Pipin ADC mojuto	Pada emf odo ti o ni imọ agbelebu PHASE B
PHA, Esi	19	AN0 / OA2OUT / RA0	Pipin ADC mojuto	Pada emf odo ti o ni imọ agbelebu PHASE A
Ko si awọn isopọ
–	35,12,37,38
–	43,44,24
–	30,13,27

Awọn iṣẹ PIN ti MOSFET awakọ

Ifihan agbara	MCP8026 Pin Nọmba	MCP8026 Iṣẹ Pin	MCP8026 Àkọsílẹ iṣẹ	Awọn akiyesi
Agbara ati Ilẹ awọn isopọ
VCC_LI_PO WER	38,39	VDD	monomono abosi	11-14 Awọn folti
PGND	36,35,24,20 ,19,7	PGND		Ilẹ agbara
V12	34	+ 12V		12 Volt o wu
V5	41	+ 5V		5 Volt o wu
LX	37	LX		Buck eleto yipada ipade fun 3.3V jade
FB	40	FB		Buck eleto esi ipade fun 3.3V jade
Iṣẹjade PWM
PWM3H	46	PWM3H	Ẹnu Iṣakoso kannaa	Tọkasi iwe data ẹrọ fun awọn alaye diẹ sii
PWM3L	45	PWM3L
PWM2H	48	PWM2H
PWM2L	47	PWM2L
PWM1H	2	PWM1H
PWM1L	1	PWM1L
Awọn pinni oye lọwọlọwọ
I_SENSE2-	13	I_SENSE2-	Motor Iṣakoso Unit	Alakoso A shunt -ve
I_SENSE2+	14	I_SENSE2+		Ipele A shunt + ve
I_SENSE3-	10	I_SENSE3-		Alakoso B shunt -ve. Ṣe akiyesi shunt yii wa lori Afara idaji W ti oluyipada.
I_SENSE3+	11	I_SENSE3+		Ipele B shunt + ve. Ṣe akiyesi shunt yii wa lori Afara idaji W ti oluyipada.

I_SENSE1-	17	I_SENSE1-	Motor Iṣakoso Unit	Reference voltage-ve
I_SENSE1+	18	I_SENSE1+		3.3V/2 itọkasi voltage +ve
I_OUT1	16	I_OUT1		Buffered o wu 3.3V/2 Volts
I_OUT2	12	I_OUT2		Amplified o wu Alakoso A lọwọlọwọ
I_OUT3	9	I_OUT3		Amplified o wu Alakoso B lọwọlọwọ
Tẹlentẹle DE2 Interface
DE2	44	DE2	monomono abosi	Ni tẹlentẹle ni wiwo fun iwakọ iṣeto ni
MOSFET ẹnu-ọna igbewọle
U_Motor	30	PHA	Ẹnu Iṣakoso kannaa	Sopọ si awọn ipele Motor.
V_Motor	29	PHB
W_Motor	28	PHC
Ga Side MOSFET ẹnu-ọna wakọ
HS0	27	HSA	Ẹnu Iṣakoso kannaa	Ẹgbẹ giga MOSFET Ipele A
HS1	26	HSB		Ẹgbẹ giga MOSFET Ipele B
HS2	25	HSC		Ẹgbẹ giga MOSFET Ipele C
Bootstrap
VBA	33	VBA	Ẹnu Iṣakoso kannaa	Kapasito imujade Boot Strap Ipele A
VBB	32	VBB		Kapasito imujade Boot Strap Ipele B
VBC	31	VBC		Kapasito imujade Boot Strap Ipele C
Low Side MOSFET ẹnu-ọna wakọ
LS0	21	LSA	Ẹnu Iṣakoso kannaa	Ẹgbẹ kekere MOSFET Ipele A
LS1	22	LSB		Ẹgbẹ kekere MOSFET Ipele B
LS2	23	LSC		Ẹgbẹ kekere MOSFET Ipele C
Digital I/O
MotorGateDrv _CE	3	CE	Ibudo ibaraẹnisọrọ	Mu wakọ MC8026 MOSFET ṣiṣẹ.
MotorGateDrv _ILIMIT_OUT	15	ILIMIT_OUT ( La ṣiṣẹ kekere )	Motor Iṣakoso Unit
Ko si awọn asopọ
–	8	LV_OUT1
–	4	LV_OUT2
–	6	HV_IN1
–	5	HV_IN2

Hardware Apejuwe

AKOSO
Igbimọ Itọkasi Itọkasi Drone Propeller jẹ ipinnu lati ṣe afihan agbara ti awọn ẹrọ iṣakoso pin ka kekere ninu idile dsPIC33EP ti awọn oluṣakoso ifihan agbara Digital core (DSCs). Igbimọ iṣakoso ṣafikun ohun elo ti o kere ju lati dinku iwuwo. Agbegbe PCB le dinku ni iwọn fun ẹya ero-iṣelọpọ. Igbimọ naa le ṣe eto nipasẹ asopo Eto Serial Serial ati ṣafikun awọn alatako ori lọwọlọwọ meji ati awakọ MOSFET kan. Asopọ wiwo CAN ti pese fun ibaraẹnisọrọ pẹlu awọn oludari miiran ati lati pese alaye iyara itọkasi ti o ba nilo. Oluyipada olutona gba ohun input voltage ni ibiti o ti 10V si 14V ati pe o le fi ipele ipele ti o nlọ lọwọ lọwọlọwọ ti 8A (RMS) ni ipo iṣẹ ṣiṣe ti a ti sọ tẹlẹ.tage ibiti. Fun alaye diẹ sii lori awọn alaye itanna, wo Afikun B. “Awọn alaye Itanna”.

AKIYESI HARDWARE
Ori yii ni wiwa awọn apakan ohun elo atẹle ti Igbimọ Apẹrẹ Itọkasi Drone Propeller:

• dsPIC33EP32MC204 ati iyika ti o somọ
• Ibi ti ina elekitiriki ti nwa
• Lọwọlọwọ Ayé Circuit
• MOSFET ẹnu awakọ circuitry
• Mẹta-Alakoso Inverter Bridge
• ICSP Akọsori / Oluyipada Interface

1. dsPIC33EP32MC204 ati iyika ti o somọ
2. Ibi ti ina elekitiriki ti nwa
   Awọn oludari ọkọ ni o ni meta ofin voltage jade 12V, 5V ati 3.3V ti ipilẹṣẹ nipasẹ MCP8026 MOSFET awakọ. Awọn folti 3.3 jẹ ipilẹṣẹ ni lilo MCP8026 olutọsọna ẹtu inu ọkọ ati iṣeto esi kan. Wo apoti pupa ni FIGURE A-1 ni apakan awọn eto eto. Ipese agbara ita lati batiri ti wa ni taara si ẹrọ oluyipada nipasẹ awọn asopọ agbara. Kapasito 15uF n pese sisẹ DC fun iṣẹ iduroṣinṣin lakoko awọn iyipada fifuye iyara. Jọwọ wo ẹrọ (MCP8026) data dì fun awọn ti o wu lọwọlọwọ agbara ti kọọkan voltage jade.
3. Lọwọlọwọ Ayé Circuit
   Lọwọlọwọ ni oye nipa lilo ọna olokiki “shunt meji”. Meji 10-milliohm shunts pese igbewọle lọwọlọwọ si awọn igbewọle ti on-chip Op-Amps. Op-Amps wa ni ipo ere iyatọ pẹlu ere ti 7.5 ti n pese 22 kanAmp tente ipele lọwọlọwọ odiwọn agbara. Awọn ampifihan agbara lọwọlọwọ lati ipele A (Afara U idaji) ati Alakoso B (Afara idaji W) ti yipada nipasẹ famuwia oludari dsPIC. A voltage itọkasi pẹlu kan buffered o wu fun 3.3V / 2 pese fun ariwo-free odo itọkasi fun awọn ti isiyi ori iyika. Wo apakan Sikematiki FIGURE A-4 fun awọn alaye.
4. MOSFET ẹnu awakọ circuitry
   Awakọ ẹnu-ọna naa ni a mu ni inu ayafi fun awọn capacitors bootstrap ati awọn diodes eyiti o wa lori igbimọ ati ti a ṣe apẹrẹ ni lokan lati tan-an MOSFET ni pipe ni iwọn iṣẹ-ṣiṣe ti o kere julọ.tage. Wo awọn pato fun MCP8026 ṣiṣẹ voltage ibiti ni datasheet.
   Wo apakan Sikematiki NOMBA A-1 fun awọn alaye isọpọ.
5. Mẹta-Alakoso Inverter Bridge
   Oluyipada naa jẹ afara Idaji 3 boṣewa pẹlu awọn ohun elo MOSFET ikanni 6 N ti o lagbara lati ṣiṣẹ ni gbogbo awọn igemerin mẹrin. Awakọ MOSFET taara ni atọkun nipasẹ iwọn pipa ti o fi opin si awọn alatako jara si Awọn ẹnu-ọna ti MOSFET. Circuit bootstrap boṣewa kan ti o ni nẹtiwọọki ti awọn capacitors ati awọn diodes ti pese fun ọkọọkan MOSFET ẹgbẹ giga fun titan-ON ẹnu-ọna vol.tage. Awọn capacitors bootstrap ati awọn diodes ti wa ni iwon fun kikun iṣẹ voltage ibiti ati lọwọlọwọ. Ijade ti afara oluyipada oni-mẹta wa lori U, V, ati W fun awọn ipele mẹta ti mọto naa. Wo apakan Sikematiki FIGURE A-4 fun Asopọmọra ati awọn alaye miiran.

ICSP Akọsori / Oluyipada Interface
Siseto igbimọ Alakoso Smart Drone: Siseto ati ṣatunṣe jẹ nipasẹ asopo ICSP kanna ISP1. Lo PICKIT 4 lati ṣe eto pẹlu asopo PKOB, ti a ti sopọ mọ 1 si 1 gẹgẹbi a ti fun ni ni Tabili 2-2. O le ṣe eto boya pẹlu MPLAB-X IDE tabi MPLAB-X IPE. Agbara soke awọn ọkọ pẹlu 11-14 Volts. Yan hex ti o yẹ file ki o si tẹle awọn ilana lori IDE/IPE. Siseto ti pari nigbati ifiranṣẹ “Eto / Ijeri pari” ti han ni window ti o jade.

• Tọkasi MPLAB PICKIT 4 awọn iwe data fun awọn ilana atunṣe

HARDWARE awọn isopọ
Abala yii ṣe apejuwe ọna kan lati ṣe afihan iṣẹ ti oluṣakoso Drone. Apẹrẹ itọkasi nilo awọn modulu ẹya ẹrọ pipa-ọkọ diẹ ati mọto kan.

• Ipese agbara 5V si oludari PWM
• PWM adarí ti a lo lati fi ranse a itọkasi iyara tabi a potentiometer lati fi ranse a orisirisi voltage iyara itọkasi
• Mọto BLDC kan pẹlu awọn paramita bi a ti ṣalaye ninu Àfikún B
• A orisun agbara batiri ti 11-14V ati 1500mAH agbara

Eyikeyi ṣiṣe tabi awoṣe ti o ni ibamu le ṣee lo lati rọpo awọn ti o han nibi fun ṣiṣe aṣeyọri. Han ni isalẹ wa ni examples ti awọn loke awọn ẹya ẹrọ ati awọn Motors lo fun yi ifihan.

PWM Adarí:

mọto BLDC: DJI 2312

Batiri:

Awọn ilana ṣiṣe: Tẹle awọn igbesẹ bi isalẹ:

Akiyesi: MAA ṢE SO APERE NIGBA YI

Igbesẹ 1: Asopọ orisun agbara akọkọ
So batiri naa pọ '+' ati '-' si awọn ebute VDC ati GND lati fi agbara si oludari ọlọgbọn. Ipese agbara DC tun le ṣee lo.

Igbesẹ 2: Ifihan itọkasi iyara si oludari Drone ọlọgbọn.
Alakoso gba itọkasi titẹ sii iyara lati ọdọ oluṣakoso PWM ni 5V max tente oke. Ijade ti oludari PWM n pese ifihan ifihan 5V ti o ni itọkasi ilẹ ti o so pọ si PIN titẹ sii ifarada 5V bi o ṣe han ninu aworan. Tun han ni ipo fun asopọ ilẹ.

Igbesẹ 3: Ipese agbara si oludari PWM.
So titẹ sii Yipada deede si awọn ebute batiri ati iṣẹjade (5V) si ipese oludari PWM.

Igbesẹ 4: Iṣeto iṣakoso PWM:
Iwọn pulse ifihan agbara lati olutona PWM jẹ ifọwọsi fun ifihan to wulo ni famuwia lati ṣe idiwọ Tan-an ati iyara pupọju. Awọn oludari ni o ni meji titari-bọtini yipada. Yan awọn Afowoyi mode ti isẹ nipa lilo awọn "Yan" yipada. Lo bọtini “Width Pulse” lati yan laarin awọn ipele 3 ti iṣakoso iyara. Yiyi pada nipasẹ awọn sakani 3 fun iṣẹjade iṣẹ-ṣiṣe PWM pẹlu titẹ kọọkan.

• Ibiti 1: 4-11%
• Ibiti 2: 10-27.5%
• Ibiti 3: 20-55%

Itọkasi ifihan yatọ lati 800 si 2200 fun iyipada laini ni ọna iṣẹ laarin ibiti. Titan potentiometer lori oluṣakoso PWM yoo pọ si tabi dinku iṣẹjade PWM.

Igbesẹ 5: Asopọ ebute mọto:
So awọn ebute mọto pọ si PHASE A, B, ati C. Ọkọọkan pinnu itọsọna yiyi ti motor. Yiyi ti o fẹ ti Drone ti wa ni wiwọ aago ni wiwo ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ lati ṣe idiwọ fun ategun lati loosening. Nitorina o ṣe pataki lati jẹrisi itọsọna yiyi ṣaaju gbigbe awọn abẹfẹlẹ naa. Pese ifihan agbara itọkasi PWM nipasẹ tweaking potentiometer lori oluṣakoso PWM ti o bẹrẹ pẹlu ipo iwọn pulse ti o kere ju (800). Mọto naa yoo bẹrẹ yiyi ni 7.87% ọmọ iṣẹ (50Hz) ati loke. 7-Apakan àpapọ fihan 1573 (7.87% ojuse ọmọ) to 1931 (10.8% ojuse ọmọ) nigbati awọn motor spins. Jẹrisi itọsọna ti yiyi jẹ wise aago. Ti ko ba si siwopu eyikeyi meji awọn isopọ si awọn motor ebute. Pada potentiometer pada si eto iyara to kere julọ.

Igbesẹ 6: Gbigbe Propeller:
Ge asopọ agbara batiri. Gbe awọn ategun abẹfẹlẹ nipa dabaru o sinu motor ọpa ni a clockwise itọsọna. Mu ọpá / moto duro ṣinṣin pẹlu apa ti o nà jade ati ni ijinna ailewu lati gbogbo awọn idiwọ ati awọn eniyan lakoko ti o n ṣiṣẹ. So ipese agbara. Iṣe propeller yoo ṣe ipa si ọwọ nigbati o ba nyi, nitorinaa mimu mimu jẹ pataki lati ṣe idiwọ ipalara ti ara. Tweak potentiometer lati yi iyara pada (ifihan tọka laarin 1573 ati 1931) Eyi pari ifihan naa.

Aworan ti o wa ni isalẹ fihan iṣeto onirin gbogbogbo fun ifihan.

Eto

BOARD SCHEMATICS
Abala yii n pese awọn aworan atọka ti dsPIC33EP32MC204 Drone Propeller Reference Design. Itọkasi oniru nlo a mẹrin-Layer FR4, 1.6 mm, Palara-Nipasẹ-Iho (PTH) ikole.

Tabili A-1 ṣe akopọ awọn sikematiki ti Apẹrẹ Itọkasi:

Tabili A-1: ​​SCHEMATICS
Atọka olusin	Eto dì No.	Hardware Apa
Ṣe nọmba A-1	1 ti 4	dsPIC33EP32MC204-dsPIC DSC(U1) Asopọmọra awakọ MCP8026-MOSFET awakọ Afọwọṣe 3.3V ati àlẹmọ oni-nọmba ati nẹtiwọọki esi dsPIC DSC inu iṣiṣẹ ampliifiers fun amplifying Bus Lọwọlọwọ Bootstrap nẹtiwọki.
Ṣe nọmba A-2	2 ti 4	In-System Serial Programming Header ISP1 CAN Ibaraẹnisọrọ Interface Akọsori P5 Ita PWM Iṣakoso iyara Interface Akọsori P2 Tẹlentẹle Debugger Interface P3
Ṣe nọmba A-3	3 ti 4	DC Bus voltage igbelosoke resistor divider Back-emf voltage igbelosoke nẹtiwọki Op-Amp ere ati itọkasi circuitry fun alakoso lọwọlọwọ oye
Ṣe nọmba A-4	4 ti 4	Inverter Iṣakoso mọto –Afara MOSFET ipele-mẹta

Nọmba A-1:

Ṣe nọmba A-2

Ṣe nọmba A-4

Itanna pato

AKOSO
Abala yii n pese awọn alaye itanna fun dsPIC33EP32MC204 Apẹrẹ Itọkasi Olutọju Oko ti Drone (wo Tabili B-1).

AWỌN NIPA itanna 1:

Paramita	Ṣiṣẹ Ibiti o
Input DC Voltage	10-14V
Idi ti o pọju Input DC Voltage	20V
Iṣagbewọle ti o pọju lọwọlọwọ nipasẹ Asopọmọra VDC ati GND	10A
Ilọsiwaju Ilọsiwaju lọwọlọwọ fun ipele kan @ 25°C	44A (Ti o ga julọ)

Awọn pato mọto: DJI 2312
Motor Alakoso Resistance	42-47 milimita Ohms
Motor Alakoso Inductance	7.5 bulọọgi-Henrys
Motor polu Orisii	4

Akiyesi:

1. Lakoko ti o n ṣiṣẹ ni iwọn otutu ibaramu ti +25°C ati laarin Input DC voltage ibiti awọn ọkọ si maa wa laarin gbona ifilelẹ lọ fun lemọlemọfún fun awọn sisanwo alakoso to 5A (RMS).

Iwe -owo ti Awọn ohun elo (BOM)

OWO TI OWO NIPA

Nkan	Ọrọìwòye	Apẹẹrẹ	Opoiye
1	10uF 25V 10% 1206	C1	1
2	10uF 25V 10% 0805	C2, C17, C18	3
3	1uF 25V 10% 0402	C3, C5	2
4	22uF 25V 20% 0805	C4	1
5	100nF 25V 0402	C6	1
6	2.2uF 10V 0402	C24, C26	2
7	1uF 25V 10% 0603	C7, C8, C9, C10, C12, C13	6
8	100nF 50V 10% 0603	C11, C14, C15, C20	4
9	1.8nF 50V 10% 0402	C16	1
10	0.01uF 50V 10% 0603	C19, C23, C27, C25	3
11	100pF 50V 5% 0603	C21, C22	2
12	680uF 25V 10% RB2/4	C28	1
13	5.6nF 50V 10% 0603	C29, C30	2
14	1N5819 SOD323	D1, D2, D3, D7	4
15	1N5819 SOD323	D4, D5, D6	3
16	4.7uF 25V 10% 0805	E1	1
17	TPHR8504PL SOP8	NMOS1, NMOS2, NMOS3, NMOS4, NMOS5, NMOS6	6
18	15uH 1A SMD4 * 4	P4	1
19	200R 1% 0603	R1, R2	2
20	0R 1% 0603	R5,R27	2
21	47K 1% 0603	R4, R6, R14, R24	4
22	47R 1% 0402	R7, R8, R9, R18, R19, R20	6
23	2K 1% 0603	R10, R37, R38, R39, R40, R42, R45, R46, R48, R49, R54, R57	12
24	300K 1% 0402	R11, R12, R13	3
25	24.9R 1% 0603	R15, R16, R17	3
26	100K 1% 0402	R21, R22, R23	3
27	0.01R 1% 2010	R25,R26	1
28	0R 1% 0805	R28	1
29	ilẹkẹ 1R 0603	R29	1
30	18K 1% 0603	R30	1
31	4.99R 1% 0603	R31	1
32	11K 1% 0603	R32	1
33	30K 1% 0603	R33, R34, R47, R50	4
34	300R 1% 0603	R35, R44, R55	3
35	20k 1% 0603	R36	1
36	12K 1% 0603	R41, R53, R56	3
37	10K 1% 0603	R43, R52	2
38	1k 1% 0603	R51	1
39	330R 1% 0603	R58, R59	2

40	DSPIC33EP64MC504-mo / PT TQFP44	U1	1
41	MCP8026-48L TQFP48	U2	1
42	2 PIN-68016-106HLF	P1, P2, P3	3
43	5 PIN-68016-106HLF	ISP1	1
44	6 PIN-68016-106HLF	P5	1

Awọn abajade Idanwo

Awọn idanwo ni a ṣe lati ṣe apejuwe Apẹrẹ Itọkasi Itọkasi Drone Propeller. A 12V, mẹrin ọpá meji-mẹta PMSM Drone motor ti o han ninu iṣeto ni oju-iwe 1 ni a lo fun idanwo pẹlu awọn abẹfẹlẹ ti a so. Table D-1 akopọ awọn igbeyewo esi. Olusin D-1 fihan iyara vs.

tabili D-1

Olusin D-1

Awọn iwe aṣẹ / Awọn orisun

	MICROCHIP dsPIC33EP32MC204 Drone Propeller Reference Design [pdf] Itọsọna olumulo dsPIC33EP32MC204, dsPIC33EP32MC204 Apẹrẹ Itọkasi Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Drone, Apẹrẹ Itọkasi Olufẹ Drone, Apẹrẹ Itọkasi Propeller, Apẹrẹ Itọkasi, Apẹrẹ
	MICROCHIP dsPIC33EP32MC204 Drone Propeller Reference Design [pdf] Awọn ilana DS70005545A.

Awọn itọkasi

• Itọsọna olumulo