I-Atmel 8-bit ye-AVR Microcontroller ene-2/4/8K Bytes Kwi-System eLungiselekayo uMsebenzisi weFlash Manual

I-8-bit High-Speed Timer/Ikhawuntara ene-Prescaler eyahlukileyo
Iziphumo ze-PWM ezi-2 zokuQhuba okuPhakamileyo ezineZiphumo ezahlukeneyo zokuthelekisa iirejista

Programmable Dead Time Generator
I-USI -IsiNxulumanisi esiDibeneyo esiDibeneyo esineSitshixo soMgangatho wokuQala

I-10-bit ADC

Imijelo emi-4 eSingle

Izibini ezi-2 ezahlukeneyo zeChaneli ze-ADC kunye neNgeniso eCwangcisiweyo (1x, 20x)

Umlinganiselo wobushushu

I-Programmable Watchdog Timer ene-Oscillator eyahlukileyo ye-On-chip

Isithelekisi seAnalog kwi-chip

Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zeMicrocontroller

debugWIRE Kwi-chip Debug System

I-In-System Programmable nge-SPI Port

Imithombo yoPhakamiso lwaNgaphandle naNgaphakathi

I-Lower Power Idle, i-ADC yokuNcitshiswa kwengxolo, kunye neendlela zokuhlisa amandla

ISekethe eyomeleziweyo yokuSeta kwakhona amandla

Programmable Brown-out Ukufunyanwa Circuit

I-Oscillator yangaphakathi eCalibrated

I/O kunye neePakethi

Imizila emithandathu eCwangcisiweyo ye-I/O

I-8-pin PDIP, i-8-pin SOIC, i-20-pad QFN/MLF, kunye ne-8-pin TSSOP (kuphela i-ATtiny45/V)

Umsebenzi weVoltage
– 1.8 – 5.5V for ATtiny25V/45V/85V
– 2.7 – 5.5V for ATtiny25/45/85

Isantya seBanga
– ATtiny25V/45V/85V: 0 – 4 MHz @ 1.8 – 5.5V, 0 – 10 MHz @ 2.7 – 5.5V
– ATtiny25/45/85: 0 – 10 MHz @ 2.7 – 5.5V, 0 – 20 MHz @ 4.5 – 5.5V

Uluhlu lobushushu boShishino

Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi

Imo esebenzayo:

1 MHz, 1.8V: 300 µA

Imowudi yokwehlisa amandla:

I-Pin Configurations

Pinout ATtiny25/45/85

Iinkcazo zePin

VCC: Unikezelo voltage.
GND: Umhlaba.
Izibuko B (PB5:PB0): Izibuko B yi-6-bit ye-bi-directional ye-I/O port enezixhasi zokutsala zangaphakathi (ezikhethelwe isuntswana ngalinye). Izithinteli zemveliso yePort B zineempawu zokuqhuba ezilinganayo ezinesinki ephezulu kunye nesakhono somthombo. Njengamagalelo, izikhonkwane zePort B ezitsalwa ezantsi zitsalwa phantsi ziya kuvela ngoku ukuba izichasi zokutsalela phezulu ziyasebenza. Izikhonkwane zePort B zichazwa kathathu xa imeko yokusetha kwakhona iqala ukusebenza, nokuba iwotshi ayisebenzi.

I-Port B ikwabonelela ngemisebenzi yeempawu ezizodwa ezahlukeneyo ze-ATtiny25/45/85 njengoko zidweliswe
Kwi-ATtiny25, i-programmable ye-I / O izibuko ze-PB3 kunye ne-PB4 (izikhonkwane ze-2 kunye ne-3) zitshintshwa kwi-ATtiny15 ye-Compatibility Mode yokuxhasa ukuhambelana ngasemva kunye ne-ATtiny15.

SETHA kwakhona: Lungisa igalelo. Umphakamo ophantsi kule phini ixesha elide kunobude bompompo wepulse obusezantsi uzakuvelisa ukusetwa kwakhona, nokuba iwotshi ayisebenzi kwaye ngaphandle kokuba iphini lokuseta ngokutsha khange ivalwe. Ubude be-pulse bunikiwe Uluhlu 21-4 kwiphepha 165. Ii-pulse ezimfutshane aziqinisekiswanga ukuba ziya kwenza ukusetha kwakhona.

Iphini yokuseta kwakhona ingasetyenziswa njenge (ebuthathaka) iphini ye-I/O.

Ngaphezuluview

I-ATtiny25/45/85 sisilawuli esincinci se-CMOS esine-8-bit esekwe kwi-AVR eyandisiweyo yoyilo lwe-RISC. Ngokusebenzisa imiyalelo enamandla kumjikelo wewotshi enye, i-ATtiny25/45/85 ifezekisa iziphumo ezisondela kwi-MIPS eyi-1 nge-MHz ivumela umyili wenkqubo ukuba andise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla xa kuthelekiswa nesantya sokusetyenzwa.

Umzobo weBhloko

I-core ye-AVR idibanisa umyalelo ocebileyo kunye neerejista ze-32 eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza. Zonke iirejista ezingama-32 ziqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwiYunithi ye-Arithmetic Logic (ALU), evumela iirejista ezimbini ezizimeleyo ukuba zifumaneke kumyalelo omnye owenziwe kumjikelo wewotshi enye. Ulwakhiwo olusisiphumo lusebenza ngakumbi ikhowudi ngelixa kuphunyezwa izinto ezidlulayo ukuya kuthi ga kalishumi ngokukhawuleza kunee-microcontrollers ze-CISC eziqhelekileyo.

I-ATtiny25/45/85 ibonelela ngezi mpawu zilandelayo: 2/4/8K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash, 128/256/512 bytes EEPROM, 128/256/256 bytes SRAM, 6 injongo ngokubanzi I/O imigca, 32 ngokubanzi iirejista zenjongo yokusebenza, enye i-8-bit Timer / Counter eneendlela zokuthelekisa, enye i-8-bit high speed Timer / Counter, i-Universal Serial Interface, i-Interrupts yangaphakathi nangaphandle, i-4-channel, i-10-bit ADC, i-Watchdog Timer enokucwangciswa ngaphakathi. I-oscillator, kunye neendlela ezintathu ezikhethiweyo zokugcina amandla esoftware. Imowudi yokungasebenzi imisa i-CPU ngelixa ivumela i-SRAM, iTimer/Counter, i-ADC, i-Analog Comparator, kunye ne-Interrupt system ukuba iqhubeke nokusebenza. Imowudi yokuthoba igcina imixholo yerejista, ikhubaza yonke imisebenzi yetshiphu kude kube kuPhakamezo olulandelayo okanye ukuBuyisela kwakhona kweHardware. Imowudi ye-ADC yokuNcitshiswa kweNxolo imisa i-CPU kunye nazo zonke iimodyuli ze-I / O ngaphandle kwe-ADC, ukunciphisa ingxolo yokutshintsha ngexesha lokuguqulwa kwe-ADC.

Isixhobo senziwa kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji yememori yoxinaniso ephezulu ye-Atmel engaguquguqukiyo. I-On-chip ISP Flash ivumela imemori yeNkqubo ukuba iphinde ifakwe kwi-System ngokusebenzisa ujongano lweserial ye-SPI, ngumdwelisi wememori ongaguquguqukiyo oqhelekileyo okanye ngekhowudi ye-On-chip yokuqalisa esebenza kundoqo we-AVR.

I-ATtiny25/45/85 AVR ixhaswa ngoluhlu olupheleleyo lwenkqubo kunye nezixhobo zophuhliso lwenkqubo eziquka: C Com-pilers, Macro Assemblers, Program Debugger/Simulators and Evaluation kits.

Malunga nezibonelelo

Iseti ebanzi yezixhobo zophuhliso, amanqaku esicelo kunye needatadata ziyafumaneka ukuze zikhutshelwe http://www.atmel.com/avr.

Ikhowudi ExampLes

Olu xwebhu luqulethe ikhowudi elula exampIzifundo ezibonisa ngokufutshane indlela yokusebenzisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zesixhobo. Le khowudi exampLes ithatha ukuba inxalenye ethile yeheader file ifakiwe phambi kokuhlanganiswa. Qaphela ukuba ayingabo bonke abathengisi be-C compiler ababandakanya iinkcazo zebit kwiheda files kunye nokuphazamiseka ukuphatha ku-C kuxhomekeke kumqokeleli. Nceda uqinisekise nge C compiler documentation ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

Kuba Iirejista ze-I/O ezibekwe kwimephu ye-I/O eyandisiweyo, “IN”, “OUT”, “SBIS”, “SBIC”, “CBI”, kunye ne “SBI” imiyalelo kufuneka ithatyathelwe indawo ngemiyalelo evumela ukufikelela kwi-I. /O. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kuthetha “i-LDS” kunye “ne-STS” zidityaniswe ne-“SBRS”, “SBRC”, “SBR”, kunye ne-“CBR”. Qaphela ukuba ayizizo zonke izixhobo ze-AVR ezibandakanya imephu ye-I/O eyandisiweyo.

I-Capacitive Touch Sensing

Ithala leencwadi laseAtmel QTouch libonelela ngesisombululo esilula sokusebenzisa ujongano olubuthathaka kwiAtmel AVR yabalawuli abancinci. Ithala leencwadi le-QTouch libandakanya inkxaso ye-QTouch® kunye ne-QMatrix® iindlela zokufumana.

Ukuva ukuchukumisa kongezwa ngokulula kuso nasiphi na isicelo ngokunxulumanisa iThala leencwadi le-QTouch kunye nokusebenzisa i-Application Programme-ming Interface (API) yethala leencwadi ukuchaza amajelo okuchukumisa kunye nezivamvo. Isicelo ke sibiza i-API ukubuyisela ulwazi lwetshaneli kunye nokumisela imeko ye-touch sensor.

Ithala leencwadi le-QTouch lisimahla kwaye linokukhutshelwa kwi-Atmel webindawo. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe kunye neenkcukacha zomiliselo, jonga kwiSikhokelo soMsebenzisi weThala leeNcwadi leQTouch – nalo lifumaneka kwi-Atmel webindawo.

Ukugcinwa kwedatha

Ukuthembeka Iziphumo zokufaneleka zibonisa ukuba izinga eliqikelelweyo lokugcinwa kwedatha lingaphantsi kakhulu kwe-1 PPM kwiminyaka engama-20 kwi-85°C okanye iminyaka eli-100 kwi-25°C.

AVR CPU Core

Intshayelelo

Eli candelo lixoxa nge-architecture engundoqo ye-AVR ngokubanzi. Umsebenzi ophambili we-CPU engundoqo kukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo echanekileyo. I-CPU ke ngoko kufuneka ikwazi ukufikelela kwiinkumbulo, ukwenza izibalo, ukulawula iiperipherals, kunye nokusingatha ukuphazamiseka.

Architectural Overview

Ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kunye nokuhambelana, i-AVR isebenzisa i-architecture yaseHarvard - kunye neenkumbulo ezahlukeneyo kunye neebhasi zeprogram kunye nedatha. Imiyalelo kwimemori yeNkqubo iphunyezwa ngombhobho wenqanaba elinye. Ngelixa umyalelo omnye uphunyezwa, umyalelo olandelayo uthathwa kwangaphambili kwinkumbulo yeNkqubo. Le ngcamango yenza ukuba imiyalelo iphunyezwe kumjikelo ngamnye wewotshi. Imemori yeNkqubo ikwi-System Reprogrammable Flash memory.

Irejista yokufikelela ngokukhawuleza File iqulathe 32 x 8-bit injongo jikelele iirejista zokusebenza kunye nomjikelo wewotshi enye ukufikelela ixesha. Oku kuvumela umjikelo omnye we-Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) ukusebenza. Kumsebenzi oqhelekileyo we-ALU, ii-operands ezimbini ziphuma kwiRejista File, umsebenzi uyenziwa, kwaye isiphumo sigcinwa kwakhona kwiRejista File– kumjikelo wewotshi enye.

Ezintandathu kwiirejista ezingama-32 zinokusetyenziswa njengezalathisi ezintathu ze-16-bit yedilesi engathanga ngqo kwiidilesi zeNdawo yeDatha – eyenza ukubalwa kweedilesi ezifanelekileyo. Esinye sezi zikhombisi zedilesi sinokusetyenziswa njengesalathisi sedilesi sokujonga iitafile kwimemori yeNkqubo yeFlash. Ezi rejista zomsebenzi zongeziweyo yi-16-bit X-, Y-, kunye ne-Z-register, echazwe kamva kweli candelo.

I-ALU ixhasa imisebenzi ye-arithmetic kunye nengqiqo phakathi kweerejista okanye phakathi kwesigxina kunye nerejista. Imisebenzi yerejista enye inokuphunyezwa kwi-ALU. Emva kokusebenza kwe-arithmetic, iRejista yeSimo ihlaziywa ukuze ibonise ulwazi malunga nesiphumo somsebenzi.

Ukuhamba kweprogram kubonelelwa ngokutsiba okunemiqathango kunye nokungabikho kwemiqathango kunye nemiyalelo yokufowuna, ekwazi ukujongana ngqo nendawo yonke yedilesi. Uninzi lwemiyalelo ye-AVR inefomathi yegama elilodwa le-16-bit, kodwa kukho imiyalelo ye-32-bit.

Ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kunye neefowuni ze-subroutine, idilesi yokubuyisela i-Program Counter (PC) igcinwe kwi-Stack. ISitaki sinikezelwe ngokusebenzayo kwidatha ye-SRAM, kwaye ngenxa yoko ubukhulu beSitaki buthintelwa kuphela bubungakanani obupheleleyo be-SRAM kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-SRAM. Zonke iinkqubo zabasebenzisi kufuneka ziqalise i-SP kwindlela yokuSeta ngokutsha (phambi kokuba kuphunyezwe ii-sub-routines okanye ukuphazamiseka). I-Stack Pointer (SP) iyafundeka/ibhalwe ifikeleleke kwisithuba se-I/O. I-SRAM yedatha inokufikelelwa ngokulula ngeendlela ezintlanu ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa ezixhaswa kuyilo lwe-AVR.

Izithuba zememori kwi-architecture ye-AVR zonke zinomgca kunye neemephu zememori eziqhelekileyo.

Imodyuli yokuphazamiseka eguquguqukayo ineerejista zayo zokulawula kwindawo ye-I / O kunye ne-Global Interrupt eyongezelelweyo Yenza i-bit kwiRejista yeSimo. Zonke iziphazamiso zineVector ephazamisayo eyahlukileyo kwitafile yeVector yokuphazamisa. Iziphazamisi zinokubaluleka ngokuhambelana nesikhundla sazo seVector yokuphazamisa. Okukhona isezantsi idilesi yeVector ephazamisayo, kokukhona iphezulu into ephambili.

Indawo yememori ye-I / O iqulethe iidilesi ze-64 zemisebenzi ye-CPU ye-peripheral njengeRejista zoLawulo, i-SPI, kunye neminye imisebenzi ye-I / O. Imemori ye-I/O inokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo, okanye njengeendawo zeNdawo zeDatha ezilandela ezo zoMbhalisi File, 0x20 - 0x5F.

I-ALU – iYunithi yeNgcaciso ye-Arithmetic

Umgangatho ophezulu we-AVR ALU usebenza ngokuthe ngqo kunye nazo zonke iirejista ze-32 eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza. Kumjikelo wewotshi enye, imisebenzi yokubala phakathi kweerejista zenjongo ngokubanzi okanye phakathi kwerejista kunye neyoko nangoko iyenziwa. Imisebenzi ye-ALU yahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu aphambili - i-arithmetic, ingqiqo, kunye nemisebenzi encinci. Olunye uzalisekiso lolwakhiwo lukwabonelela ngophindaphindo olunamandla oluxhasa ukuphinda-phinda okusayiniweyo/okungasayinwanga kunye nefomathi yamaqhezu. Jonga icandelo elithi "Iseti yoMyalelo" ngenkcazo eneenkcukacha.

Irejista yesimo

IRejista yeSimo iqulethe ulwazi malunga nesiphumo somyalelo we-arithmetic osanda kwenziwa. Olu lwazi lungasetyenziselwa ukuguqula ukuhamba kweprogram ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi enemiqathango. Qaphela ukuba iRejista yeSimo ihlaziywa emva kwayo yonke imisebenzi ye-ALU, njengoko kucacisiwe kwiSeti yoMyalelo. Oku kuya kuthi kwiimeko ezininzi kususe imfuno yokusebenzisa imiyalelo yothelekiso ezinikeleyo, okukhokelela kwikhowudi ekhawulezayo nexineneyo.

IRejista yeSimo ayigcinwanga ngokuzenzekelayo xa kungena inkqubo yokuphazamiseka ize ibuyiselwe xa ibuya kuphazamiseko. Oku kufuneka kusingathwe ngesoftware.

I-SREG – Irejista yobume be-AVR

Irejista yobume be-AVR - i-SREG - ichazwa njenge:

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x3F	I	T	H	S	V	N	Z	C	I-SREG
Funda/Bhala	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

I-Bit 7 - I: Ukuphazamisa i-Global Interrupt Yenza

I-Global Interrupt Enable bit kufuneka imiselwe ukwenzela ukuba uphazamiseko luvulwe. Ulawulo lokuphazamiseka komntu ngamnye lwenziwa kwiirejista zolawulo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba iRejista yeGlobal Interrupt Enable isusiwe, akukho nalunye uphazamiso olwenziwe lusebenza ngokuzimeleyo ngokuphazamiseka komntu ukwenza izicwangciso. I-I-bit ihlanjululwa yi-hardware emva kokuphazamiseka, kwaye ibekwe ngumyalelo we-RETI ukuvumela ukuphazamiseka okulandelayo. I-I-bit inokusekwa kwaye ihlanjululwe ngesicelo kunye nemiyalelo ye-SEI kunye ne-CLI, njengoko kuchazwe kwisalathiso seseti yomyalelo.

Bit 6 - T: Ikopi encinci yokugcina

I-Bit Copy imiyalelo ye-BLD (i-Bit LoaD) kunye ne-BST (i-Bit Store) isebenzisa i-T-bit njengomthombo okanye indawo yokusingwa yebit esebenzayo. Kancinci kwirejista kwiRejista File inokukhutshelwa kwi-T ngomyalelo we-BST, kwaye intwana kwi-T inokukhutshelwa kancinane kwirejista kwiRejista. File ngomyalelo weBLD.

Bit 5 - H: Isiqingatha sokuthwala iflegi

IHalf Carry iflegi H ibonisa iHalf Carry kwimisebenzi ethile ye-arithmetic. I-Half Carry iluncedo kwi-BCD arithmetic. Bona "Inkcazo yeSeti yomyalelo" ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha.

Bit 4 – S: Sign Bit, S = N ⊕ V

I-S-bit isoloko ikhethekile okanye iphakathi kweNdwe i-N eNegative kunye neFlegi yokuPhuphuma kweziMbini zokuZalisana. Bona "iNkcazelo yeSeti yomyalelo" ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha.

Ibhit 3 – V: Iiflegi eziNgxamisekileyo zokuPhuphuma kweziBini

Iiflegi V zixhasa i-arithmetic ezimbini ezincedisanayo. Bona "Inkcazo yeSeti yomyalelo" ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha.

Bit 2 – N: Iflegi engalunganga

I-Negative Flag N ibonisa isiphumo esibi kwi-arithmetic okanye i-logic operation. Bona "Inkcazo yeSeti yomyalelo" ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha.

Bit 1 – Z: Zero Flag

I-Zero Flag Z ibonisa isiphumo esingu-zero kwi-arithmetic okanye kwi-logic operation. Bona "Inkcazo yeSeti yomyalelo" ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha.

Bit 0 - C: Phatha iflegi

I-Cary Flag C ibonisa ukuthwala kwi-arithmetic okanye umsebenzi wokuqiqa. Bona "Inkcazo yeSeti yomyalelo" ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha.

Irejista yeNjongo ngokubanzi File

Irejista File yenzelwe i-AVR Ephuculweyo ye-RISC yomyalelo. Ukuze kuphunyezwe ukusebenza okufunekayo kunye nokuguquguquka, ezi nkqubo zilandelayo zegalelo/iziphumo zixhaswa yiRejista File:

Enye i-8-bit yemveliso ye-operand kunye nesiphumo esinye se-8-bit

Ii-operands ezimbini ze-8-bit zemveliso kunye nesiphumo esinye se-8-bit

Ii-operands ezimbini ze-8-bit zemveliso kunye nesiphumo esinye se-16-bit

Enye i-16-bit yemveliso ye-operand kunye nesiphumo esinye se-16-bit

Umfanekiso 4-2 ibonisa ulwakhiwo lweerejista zenjongo esebenzayo engama-32 kwi-CPU.

Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi Umfanekiso 4-2, irejista nganye ikwabelwa idilesi yememori yeDatha, imephu yazo ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yokuqala ye-32 yeNdawo yeDatha yomsebenzisi. Nangona ingaphunyezwa ngokwasemzimbeni njengeendawo ze-SRAM, lo mbutho wenkumbulo ubonelela ngokuguquguquka okukhulu ekufikeleleni kwiirejista, njengoko iirejista ze-X-, Y- kunye ne-Z-pointer zinokusetwa ukuba zibonise nayiphi na irejista kwirejista. file.Uninzi lwemiyalelo esebenza kwiRejista File banokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kuzo zonke iirejista, kwaye uninzi lwayo yimiyalelo yomjikelo omnye.

I-X-register, i-Y-register, kunye ne-Z-register

Iirejista ziyi-R26..R31 zinemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo ekusetyenzisweni kwazo ngokubanzi. Ezi rejista zizikhombisi ze-16-bit kwidilesi engathanga ngqo kwindawo yedatha. Iirejista ezintathu zeedilesi ezingathanga ngqo u-X, Y, kunye no-Z zichazwa njengoko zichazwe kwi Umfanekiso 4-3.

Kwiindlela zokunika iidilesi ezohlukeneyo ezi rejista zeedilesi zinemisebenzi njengokufuduswa okusisigxina, ulwandiso oluzenzekelayo, kunye nokunciphisa okuzenzekelayo (jonga kwireferensi yomyalelo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha).

Isalathisi sokupakisha

ISitaki sisetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukugcina idatha yethutyana, ukugcina izinto eziguquguqukayo zasekhaya kunye nokugcina iidilesi zokubuya emva kokuphazamiseka kunye neefowuni zesiqhelo. IRejista yeSalathi seSitaki sisoloko sikhomba phezulu kwiSitaki. Qaphela ukuba iSitaki siphunyezwe njengokukhula ukusuka kwiindawo eziphezulu zeememori ukuya kwiindawo ezisezantsi zememori. Oku kuthetha ukuba umyalelo we-Stack PUSH wehlisa iSiphawuli seSitaki.

Isalathiso seSitaki sikhomba kwindawo yeSitaki se-SRAM yedatha apho i-Subroutine kunye ne-Interrupt Stacks zikhoyo. Le ndawo yeSitaki kwidatha ye-SRAM kufuneka ichazwe yinkqubo phambi kokuba naluphi na umnxeba ophantsi owenziweyo okanye uphazamiseko luvulwe. Isalathi seSitaki masimiselwe kwindawo engentla kwe-0x60. Isalathisi seSitaki sithotywa ngesinye xa idatha ityhalelwa kwiSitaki ngomyalelo we-PUSH, kwaye icuthwe ngambini xa idilesi yokubuyisela ityhalelwe kwiSitaki ngefowuni yesiqhelo okanye uphazamiseko. Isalathisi seSitaki sinyuswa ngesinye xa idatha iphuma kwiSitaki ngomyalelo wePOP, kwaye inyuswa ngamabini xa idatha ikhutshwe kwiSitaki kunye nembuyekezo evela kwi-RET engaphantsi okanye ibuya kwi-RETI yokuphazamiseka.

I-AVR ye-Stack Pointer iphunyezwa njengerejista ezimbini ze-8-bit kwindawo ye-I / O. Inani lebits elisetyenzisiweyo lixhomekeke ekuphunyezweni. Qaphela ukuba indawo yedatha ekuphunyezweni kwe-AVR ye-architecture incinci kangangokuba i-SPL kuphela iyadingeka. Kule meko, iRejista ye-SPH ayisayi kubakho.

I-SPH kunye ne-SPL - Irejista ye-Stack Pointer

Kancinci	15	14	13	12	11	10	9	8
0x3E	SP15	SP14	SP13	SP12	SP11	SP10	SP9	SP8	SPH
0x3D	SP7	SP6	SP5	SP4	SP3	SP2	SP1	SP0	SPL
	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
Funda/Bhala	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Funda/Bhala	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND
Ixabiso lokuqala	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND	RAMEND

Ixesha lokwenziwa komyalelo

Eli candelo lichaza iikhonsepthi zofikelelo lwexesha jikelele zokwenziwa komyalelo. I-AVR CPU iqhutywa yiwotshi ye-CPU clkCPU, yenziwe ngokuthe ngqo kumthombo wewotshi ekhethiweyo yetshiphu. Akukho ukwahlula iwotshi yangaphakathi isetyenziswayo.

Umfanekiso 4-4 ibonisa imiyalelo ehambelanayo elandelwayo kunye nofezekiso lwemiyalelo eyenziwe luyilo lweHarvard kunye neRejista yofikelelo olukhawulezayo. File ingcamango. Le yingcinga esisiseko yokubhobhoza ukufumana ukuya kuthi ga kwi-MIPS enye ngeMHz kunye neziphumo ezihambelanayo ezizodwa zemisebenzi ngokwexabiso ngalinye, imisebenzi ngeewotshi nganye, kunye nemisebenzi yeyunithi yamandla nganye.

Umfanekiso 4-5. Single Cycle ALU Operation

Seta kwakhona kwaye uphazamise ukuphatha

I-AVR ibonelela ngemithombo eyahlukeneyo yokuphazamiseka. Oku kuphazamisa kunye neVector eyahlukileyo yoSetha ngokutsha nganye ineVector yeNkqubo eyahlukileyo kwindawo yememori yeNkqubo. Zonke iziphazamiso zabelwe amasuntswana okuvumela ukuba abhalwe enye kunye neGlobal Interrupt Yenza isuntswana kwiRejista yeSimo ukwenzela ukuba uphazamiseko lusebenze.

Ezona dilesi zisezantsi kwisithuba senkumbulo yeNkqubo zichazwa ngokungagqibekanga njengoSeta kwakhona kunye noPhazamiso lweVektha. Uluhlu olupheleleyo lwee-vectors luboniswe kwi “Ukuphazamisa” kwiphepha 48. Uluhlu lukwamisela amanqanaba okubaluleka kweziphazamiso ezahlukeneyo. Idilesi esezantsi kokukhona iphezulu inqanaba eliphambili. I-RESET inokubaluleka okuphezulu, kwaye okulandelayo yi-INT0 - iSicelo sokuPhakamisa saNgaphandle 0.

Xa uphazamiseko lusenzeka, i-Global Interrupt Enable I-bit iyacinywa kwaye zonke iziphazamiso zivaliwe. Isoftwe yomsebenzisi inokubhala ingqiqo enye kwi-I-bit ukwenza uphazamiseko olufakwe kwindlwane. Zonke iziphazamiso ezenziweyo zinokuphazamisa inkqubo yangoku yokuphazamiseka. I-I-bit isetwa ngokuzenzekelayo xa iReturn from Interrupt instruction – RETI – iphunyeziwe.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zokuphazamiseka. Uhlobo lokuqala luqaliswa sisiganeko esiseta iFlegi yoPhazamisi. Kolu phazamiseko, i-Programer Counter ikhutshelwa kweyona Vector yokuphazamisa ukuze kuphunyezwe uphazamiseko lwesiqhelo lokuphatha, kunye nehardware icoca iFlegi ehambelanayo yokuphazamiseka. Iiflegi eziphazamisayo nazo zinokucocwa ngokubhala ingqiqo ukuya kwindawo (kwiindawo) zeflegi ekufuneka icocwe. Ukuba imeko yokuphazamiseka iyenzeka ngelixa uphazamiseko oluhambelanayo lucinyiwe, iFlegi yokuphazamiseka iya kusetwa kwaye ikhunjulwe de uphazamiseko lwenziwe, okanye iflegi icocwe yisoftware. Ngokufanayo, ukuba imeko enye okanye ezininzi zokuphazamiseka zenzeka ngelixa i-Global Interrupt Enable bit icocwa, i(ii)Ndwe ezihambelanayo zokuphazamisa ziya kucwangciswa kwaye zikhunjulwe kude kusetwe i-Global Interrupt Enable bit, kwaye emva koko iya kuphunyezwa ngomyalelo wokubaluleka.

Uhlobo lwesibini lokuphazamiseka luya kubangela ukuba nje imeko yokuphazamiseka ikhona. Ezi ziphazamiso akunyanzelekanga ukuba zibe ne-Interrupt Flags. Ukuba imeko yokuphazamiseka iyanyamalala phambi kokuba uphazamiseko luvulwe, uphazamiseko aluyi kuqaliswa.

Xa i-AVR iphuma kwisiphazamiso, iya kuhlala ibuyela kwinkqubo ephambili kwaye iphumeze omnye umyalelo phambi kokuba kubekho uphazamiseko olulindileyo.

Qaphela ukuba iRejista yeSimo ayigcinwanga ngokuzenzekelayo xa kungena inkqubo yophazamiseko, okanye ibuyiswe xa ibuya kuphazamiseko lwesiqhelo. Oku kufuneka kusingathwe ngesoftware.

Xa usebenzisa umyalelo we-CLI ukukhubaza iziphazamiso, ukuphazamisa kuya kucinywa ngokukhawuleza. Akukho siphazamiso siya kwenziwa emva komyalelo we-CLI, nokuba oko kwenzeka ngaxeshanye nomyalelo we-CLI. Le ex ilandelayoampLe ibonisa ukuba oku kungasetyenziswa njani ukunqanda ukuphazamiseka ngexesha le-EEPROM enikwe ixesha lolandelelwano.

IKhowudi yeNdibano Example

kwi-r16, SREG; gcina ixabiso le-SREG

cli ; khubaza iziphazamisi ngexesha lokulandelelana kwexesha

sbi EECR, EEMPE; qala EEPROM ukubhala

sbi EECR, EEPE

ngaphandle kwe-SREG, i-r16; buyisela ixabiso le-SREG (I-bit)

C Ikhowudi Example

char cSREG;

cSREG = SREG; /* gcina ixabiso le-SREG */

/* cima iziphazamisi ngexesha lokulandelelana kwexesha */

_CLI();

I-EECR |= (1<

SREG = cSREG; /* buyisela ixabiso le-SREG (I-bit) */

Xa usebenzisa umyalelo we-SEI ukwenza uphazamiseko, umyalelo olandelayo we-SEI uya kuphunyezwa phambi kokuba nakuphi na uphazamiseko olulindileyo, njengoko kubonisiwe kule ex.ample.

IKhowudi yeNdibano Example

seyi seta iGlobal Interrupt Enable

ukulala; ngena ebuthongweni, ulindele ukuphazamiseka

; Qaphela: izakungena ebuthongweni phambi kokuba kulindelwe

; phazamisa

C Ikhowudi Example

_SEI(); /* setha ukuPhakamisa kweGlobal Yenza */

_LALA(); /* ngena ebuthongweni, ulinde ukuphazamiseka */

/* Qaphela: izakungena ebuthongweni phambi kokuba naluphi na uphazamiseko olulindileyo (ii)*/

Phazamisa Ixesha lokuPhendula

Ukuphazamiseka kokuphendula kuzo zonke iziphazamiso ze-AVR esebenzayo yimijikelo yeewotshi ezine ubuncinane. Emva kwemijikelo yewotshi emine idilesi yeVector yeNkqubo yeyona ndlela yokuphatha yophazamiseko iyenziwa. Ngeli xesha lomjikelo wewotshi emine, uMbali weNkqubo utyhalelwa kwiSitaki. I-vector iqhele ukutsiba ukuya kwindlela yokuphazamiseka, kwaye oku kuxhuma kuthatha imijikelo yewotshi emithathu. Ukuba uphazamiseko lwenzeka ngexesha lokuphunyezwa komyalelo we-multi-cycle, lo myalelo ugqitywe ngaphambi kokuba uphazamiseko lunikezelwe. Ukuba uphazamiseko lwenzeka xa i-MCU ikwimo yokulala, ixesha lokuphendula eliphazamisayo linyuswa ngemijikelo yewotshi emine. Olu lwando luza ukongeza kwixesha lokuqalisa ukusuka kwindlela yokulala ekhethiweyo.

Ukubuya kwisiphazamiso sokuphatha kuthatha imijikelo yewotshi emine. Ngethuba lale mijikelezo yewotshi emine, i-Program Counter (ii-bytes ezimbini) iphuma emva kwi-Stack, i-Stack Pointer inyuswe ngamabini, kwaye i-I-bit kwi-SREG iseti.

Iinkumbulo ze-AVR

Eli candelo lichaza iinkumbulo ezahlukeneyo kwi-ATtiny25/45/85. Uyilo lwe-AVR luneendawo ezimbini zememori eziphambili, imemori yeDatha kunye nesithuba sememori yeNkqubo. Ukongeza, i-ATtiny25/45/85 ifaka iMemori ye-EEPROM yokugcina idatha. Zontathu izithuba zememori zinomgca kwaye ziqhelekile.

I-In-System Re-programmable Flash Programme Memory

I-ATtiny25/45/85 iqulethe i-2/4/8K bytes On-chip In-System Reprogrammable Flash memory yogcino lwenkqubo. Ekubeni yonke imiyalelo ye-AVR iyi-16 okanye i-32 bits ububanzi, i-Flash ihlelwe njenge-1024/2048/4096 x 16.

Inkumbulo yeFlash inonyamezelo ubuncinane 10,000 imijikelo yokubhala/yokucima. I-ATtiny25/45/85 i-Program Counter (PC) inamabhithi ayi-10/11/12 ububanzi, ngaloo ndlela ijongana neendawo zememori yeNkqubo ye-1024/2048/4096. "Inkqubo yeMemori- ukuxuba” kwiphepha 147 iqulethe inkcazo eneenkcukacha kwiFlash data ekhuphela uthotho usebenzisa izikhonkwane zeSPI.

Iitheyibhile ezihlala rhoqo zingabelwa ngaphakathi kwendawo yonke yedilesi yememori yeNkqubo (jonga iLPM - Layisha inkcazo yomyalelo wememori yeNkqubo).

Umzobo 5-1. Imephu yeMemori yeNkqubo

SRAM Data Memory

Umfanekiso 5-2 ibonisa indlela i-ATtiny25/45/85 SRAM Memory ihlelwe ngayo.

I-224/352/607 esezantsi yeendawo zememori yeDatha idilesi zombini kwiRejista File, inkumbulo ye-I/O kunye nedatha yangaphakathi ye-SRAM. Iindawo zokuqala ezingama-32 zijongana neRejista File, indawo elandelayo ye-64 imemori ye-I / O eqhelekileyo, kunye neendawo zokugqibela ze-128/256/512 idilesi yedatha yangaphakathi ye-SRAM.

Iimowudi ezintlanu ezahlukeneyo zokujongana nokhuselo lwememori yeDatha: Ngokuthe ngqo, ngokungathanga ngqo kunye nokuThuthwa, Ukungathanga ngqo, Ukungathanga ngqo ngokunciphisa kwangaphambili, kunye nokungathanga ngqo kunye nokuNyuswa kwesithuba. KwiRejista File, iirejista ze-R26 ukuya kwi-R31 zibandakanya iirejista zezalathisi ezineedilesi ezingathanga ngqo.

Idilesi ethe ngqo ifikelela kuyo yonke indawo yedatha.

Imowudi ye-Indirect with Displacement ifikelela kwiindawo zedilesi ezingama-63 ukusuka kwidilesi yesiseko enikwe ngu-Y- okanye u-Z-rejista.

Xa usebenzisa irejista iimowudi zedilesi ezingathanga ngqo kunye nokwehla kwangaphambili kunye nokunyuswa kwesithuba, iirejista zedilesi X, Y, kunye no-Z ziyancitshiswa okanye zinyuswe.

Iirejista ze-32 ezisebenza ngokubanzi, iirejista ze-I/O ezingama-64, kunye ne-128/256/512 bytes yedatha yangaphakathi ye-SRAM kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 zonke ziyafikeleleka ngazo zonke ezi ndlela zokulungisa. Irejista File ichazwe kwi “Gen- eral Injongo yerejista File” kwiphepha 10.

Umfanekiso 5-2. Imephu yeMemori yeDatha

Ufikelelo kwiMemori yeDatha Amaxesha

Eli candelo lichaza iikhonsepthi zofikelelo lwexesha jikelele zofikelelo lwenkumbulo yangaphakathi. Ufikelelo lwedatha ye-SRAM lwangaphakathi lwenziwa kwimijikelo emibini ye-clkCPU njengoko kuchaziwe kwi Umfanekiso 5-3.

Umfanekiso 5-3. On-chip Data SRAM Imijikelo yoFikelelo EEPROM Data Memory

I-ATtiny25/45/85 iqulethe i-128/256/512 bytes yememori ye-EEPROM yedatha. Ihlelwe njengendawo yedatha eyahlukileyo, apho i-bytes enye inokufundwa kwaye ibhalwe. I-EEPROM inokunyamezela ubuncinane be-100,000 imijikelezo yokubhala / yokucima. Ukufikelela phakathi kwe-EEPROM kunye ne-CPU kuchazwe koku kulandelayo, kuchaza iiRejista zeedilesi ze-EEPROM, iRejista yeDatha ye-EEPROM, kunye neRejista yoLawulo lwe-EEPROM. Ngeenkcukacha bona “Ukukhuphela Uthotho” kwiphepha 151.

EEPROM Funda / Bhala Ukufikelela

Iirejista zokuFikelela ze-EEPROM zifikeleleka kwindawo ye-I/O.

Amaxesha okufikelela ngokubhala e-EEPROM anikiwe Uluhlu 5-1 kwiphepha 21. Umsebenzi wokuzibekela ixesha, nangona kunjalo, uvumela isoftware yomsebenzisi ukuba ibone xa i-byte elandelayo ingabhalwa. Ukuba ikhowudi yomsebenzisi iqulethe imiyalelo ebhala i-EEPROM, ezinye izilumkiso kufuneka zithathwe. Kunikezelo lwamandla ahluzwe kakhulu, iVCC inokuthi inyuke okanye iwe ngokucothayo

Amandla-phezulu/ezantsi. Oku kubangela ukuba isixhobo ixesha elithile sisebenze ngevolthitagengaphantsi kunobaluliweyo njengobuncinane bexesha lewotshi esetyenziswayo. 'Yabona “Ukuthintela Urhwaphilizo lwe-EEPROM” kwiphepha 19 ngeenkcukacha malunga nendlela yokuphepha iingxaki kwezi meko.

Ukuze kuthintelwe ukubhala kwe-EEPROM ngokungeyonjongo, makulandelwe inkqubo ethile yokubhala. Ibhekisele ku “Atomic Byte Programming” kwiphepha 17 kwaye “Split Byte Programming” kwiphepha 17 ngeenkcukacha malunga noku.

Xa i-EEPROM ifundwa, i-CPU iyamiswa kwimijikelo yewotshi emine ngaphambi kokuba umyalelo olandelayo uphunyezwe. Xa i-EEPROM ibhaliwe, i-CPU iyamiswa kwimijikelo yeewotshi ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba umyalelo olandelayo uphunyezwe.

Atomic Byte Programming

Ukusebenzisa iAtomic Byte Programming yeyona ndlela ilula. Xa ubhala i-byte kwi-EEPROM, umsebenzisi kufuneka abhale idilesi kwiRejista ye-EEAR kunye nedatha kwiRejista ye-EEDR. Ukuba amasuntswana e-EEPMn angu-zero, ukubhala i-EEPE (kwimijikelo emine emva kokuba i-EEMPE ibhaliwe) iya kuxhokonxa ukucima/ukubhala umsebenzi. Zombini umjikelo wokucima kunye nokubhala zenziwa kumsebenzi omnye kwaye ixesha elipheleleyo lokucwangcisa linikezelwe Uluhlu 5-1 kwiphepha 21. I-bit ye-EEPE ihlala icwangcisiwe de ukucima nokubhala kugqitywe. Ngelixa isixhobo sixakekile kucwangciso, akunakwenzeka ukwenza nayiphi na eminye imisebenzi ye-EEPROM.

Ukwahlula inkqubo yeByte

Kuyenzeka ukwahlula ukucinywa nokubhala umjikelo kwimisebenzi emibini eyahlukeneyo. Oku kunokuba luncedo ukuba isixokelelwano sifuna ixesha elifutshane lofikelelo kangangexesha elithile eliqingqiweyo (ngokuqhelekileyo ukuba unikezelo lwamandla voltage iwa). Ukuze uthathe i-advan- tage yale ndlela, kuyafuneka ukuba iindawo eziza kubhalwa zicinywe phambi komsebenzi wokubhala. Kodwa ekubeni imisebenzi yokucima kunye nokubhala yahlulwe, kunokwenzeka ukwenza imisebenzi yokucima xa inkqubo ivumela ukwenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yexesha (ngokwesiqhelo emva koMbane).

Cima

Ukucima i-byte, idilesi kufuneka ibhalwe kwi-EEAR. Ukuba amasuntswana e-EEPMn angu-0b01, ukubhala i-EEPE (ngaphakathi kwemijikelo emine emva kokuba i-EEMPE ibhaliwe) iyakubangela umsebenzi wokucima kuphela (ixesha lokucwangcisa linikiwe Itheyibhile 5-1 kwi iphepha 21). Ibit ye-EEPE ihlala icwangcisiwe de umsebenzi wokucima ugqibe. Ngelixa isixhobo sixakekile kudweliso lwenkqubo, akunakwenzeka ukwenza nayiphi na eminye imisebenzi ye-EEPROM.

Bhala

Ukubhala indawo, umsebenzisi kufuneka abhale idilesi kwi-EEAR kunye nedatha kwi-EEDR. Ukuba amasuntswana e-EEPMn ngu-0b10, ukubhala i-EEPE (ngaphakathi kwemijikelo emine emva kokuba i-EEMPE ibhaliwe) iyakubangela umsebenzi wokubhala kuphela (ixesha lenkqubo linikiwe Uluhlu 5-1 kwiphepha 21). Intwana ye-EEPE ihlala icwangcisiwe de umsebenzi wokubhala ugqibezele. Ukuba indawo eza kubhalwa kuyo ayicinywanga phambi kokuba kubhalwe, idatha egciniweyo kufuneka ithathwe njengelahlekileyo. Ngelixa isixhobo sixakekile kucwangciso, akunakwenzeka ukwenza nayiphi na eminye imisebenzi ye-EEPROM.

I-Oscillator ene-calibrated isetyenziselwa ixesha lokufikelela kwi-EEPROM. Qinisekisa ukuba i-Oscillator frequency ingaphakathi kweemfuno ezichazwe kuyo "OSCAL -Irejista yokuJonga i-Oscillator" kwiphepha lama-31.

Le khowudi ilandelayo exampI-les ibonisa enye indibano kunye nomsebenzi omnye we-C wokucima, ukubhala, okanye ukubhala i-atomic ye-EEPROM. ExampLes cinga ukuba iziphazamiso zilawulwa (umzekelo, ngokukhubaza iziphazamiso kwihlabathi jikelele) ukuze kungabikho luphazamiseko luyakwenzeka ngexesha lokwenziwa kwale misebenzi.

IKhowudi yeNdibano Example

EEPROM_bhala:

; Linda kugqitywe ukubhala kwangaphambili

sbic EECR, EEPE

rjmp EEPROM_bhala

; Cwangcisa imo yeNkqubo

ldi r16, (0<<EEPM1)|(0<<EEPM0)

ngaphandle kwe-EECR, i-r16

; Misa idilesi (r18:r17) kwirejista yeedilesi

ngaphandle EEARH, r18

ngaphandle kwe-EEARL, i-r17

; Bhala idatha (r19) kwirejista yedatha

ngaphandle kwe-EEDR, i-r19

; Bhala ingqiqo enye ukuya EEMPE

sbi EECR,EEMPE

; Qala ukubhala i-eeprom ngokuseta i-EEPE

sbi EECR,EEPE

kwakhona

C Ikhowudi Example

i-EEPROM_write engekho (i-char ucAddress engatyikitywanga, i-char engabhalwanga ucData)

{

/* Lindela ukugqitywa kokubhala kwangaphambili */ ngelixa (EECR & (1<

;

/* Cwangcisa imo yenkqubo */

I-EECR = (0 <

/* Misela idilesi kunye neerejista zedatha */ EEAR = ucAddress;

EEDR = ucData;

/* Bhala ingqiqo enye ukuya EEMPE */

I-EECR |= (1<

/* Qala ukubhala i-eeprom ngokuseta i-EEPE */

I-EECR |= (1<

}

Ikhowudi elandelayo examples bonisa indibano kunye nemisebenzi ye-C yokufunda i-EEPROM. ExampLes ithatha ukuba iziphazamiso zilawulwa ukuze kungabikho luphazamiso luyakwenzeka ngexesha lokwenziwa kwale misebenzi.

IKhowudi yeNdibano Example

EEPROM_funda:

; Linda kugqitywe ukubhala kwangaphambili

sbic EECR, EEPE

rjmp EEPROM_funda

; Misa idilesi (r18:r17) kwirejista yeedilesi

ngaphandle EEARH, r18

ngaphandle kwe-EEARL, i-r17

; Qala i-eeprom ifundwe ngokubhala EERE

sbi EECR,EERE

; Funda idatha kwirejista yedatha

kwi-r16,EEDR

kwakhona

C Ikhowudi Example

igama elingabhalwanga EEPROM_read(unsigned char ucAddress)

{

/* Linda kugqitywe ukubhala kwangaphambili */

ngelixa (EECR & (1<

;

/* Misela irejista yedilesi */ EEAR = ucAddress;

/* Qala i-eeprom ifundwe ngokubhala EERE */

I-EECR |= (1<

/* Buyisela idatha kwirejista yedatha */

buyisela i-EDR;

}

Ukuthintela uRhwaphilizo lwe-EEPROM

Ngethuba lexesha le-VCC ephantsi, idatha ye-EEPROM inokonakala ngenxa yokunikezelwa kwevoltage iphantsi kakhulu ukuba CPU kunye EEPROM ukusebenza kakuhle. Le miba iyafana neenkqubo zebhodi ezisebenzisa i-EEPROM, kunye nezisombululo zoyilo ezifanayo kufuneka zisetyenziswe.

An EEPROM data urhwaphilizo kunokubangelwa iimeko ezimbini xa voltage iphantsi kakhulu. Okokuqala, ukulandelelana kokubhala rhoqo kwi-EEPROM kufuna ubuncinci be-voltage ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Okwesibini, i-CPU ngokwayo ingenza imiyalelo ngokungalunganga, ukuba unikezelo voltage iphantsi kakhulu.

I-EEPROM urhwaphilizo lwedatha inokuphetshwa ngokulula ngokulandela le ngcebiso yoyilo:

Gcina i-AVR RESET isebenza (phantsi) ngamaxesha ombane ongonelanga voltage. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokuvumela i-Brown-out Detector yangaphakathi (BOD). Ukuba umgangatho wokufumanisa we-BOD wangaphakathi awuhambelani ne

inqanaba lokufumanisa elifunekayo, i-VCC ephantsi yokusetha kwakhona isekethe yokukhusela ingasetyenziswa. Ukuba ukusetha kwakhona kwenzeka ngelixa umsebenzi wokubhala uqhubeka, umsebenzi wokubhala uya kugqitywa ngaphandle kokuba unikezelo lombane voltage yanele.

I/O Inkumbulo

Inkcazo yendawo ye-I / O ye-ATtiny25/45/85 iboniswe kwi “Bhalisa Ushwankathelo” kwiphepha 200.

Zonke i-ATtiny25/45/85 I/Os kunye neeperipherals zibekwe kwindawo ye-I/O. Zonke iindawo ze-I / O zinokufumaneka nge-LD / LDS / LDD kunye nemiyalelo ye-ST / STS / STD, ukudlulisa idatha phakathi kweerejista ze-32 eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza kunye nendawo ye-I / O. Iirejista ze-I / O ngaphakathi koluhlu lweedilesi 0x00 - 0x1F zifikeleleka ngokuthe ngqo kwi-bit-accessible usebenzisa i-SBI kunye ne-CBI imiyalelo. Kwezi rejista, ixabiso leebhithi ezilodwa linokutshekishwa ngokusebenzisa imiyalelo ye-SBIS kunye ne-SBIC. Jonga kwicandelo leseti yemiyalelo ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe. Xa usebenzisa imiyalelo ecacileyo ye-I/O KUPHAKATHI naku-OUT, idilesi ye-I/O 0x00 – 0x3F kufuneka isetyenziswe. Xa ujongana neeRejista ze-I/O njengendawo yedatha usebenzisa imiyalelo ye-LD ne-ST, u-0x20 kufuneka wongezwe kwezi dilesi.

Ukuhambelana nezixhobo zexesha elizayo, amasuntswana agciniweyo kufuneka abhalwe azero ukuba afunyenwe. Iidilesi zememori ze-I/O ezigciniweyo akufuneki zibhalwe.

Ezinye zeeFlegi zeSimo zicinywa ngokubhala enye enengqiqo kubo. Qaphela ukuba imiyalelo ye-CBI kunye ne-SBI iya kusebenza kuphela kwisuntswana elikhankanyiweyo, kwaye ke ngoko ingasetyenziswa kwiirejista eziqulathe ezoFlegi zeSimo. I-CBI kunye nemiyalelo ye-SBI isebenza kunye neerejista 0x00 ukuya ku-0x1F kuphela.

Iirejista ze-I/O kunye neePheripherals Control zicaciswa kumacandelo amva.

Inkcazo yerejista

EEARH – Irejista yedilesi ye-EEPROM

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x1F	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	EEAR8	EEARH
Funda/Bhala	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	X/0

Amasuntswana 7:1-Res: Amasuntswana agciniweyo

Ezi bits zigcinelwe ukusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo kwaye ziya kuhlala zifundeka njengoziro.

Amasuntswana 0 – EEAR8: Idilesi ye-EEPROM

Le yeyona dilesi ye-EEPROM ibalulekileyo ye-ATtiny85. Kwizixhobo ezine-EEPROM encinci, oko kukuthi, i-ATtiny25/ATtiny45, le bit igciniwe kwaye iya kuhlala ifunda i-zero. Ixabiso lokuqala loBhaliso lweedilesi ze-EEPROM (EEAR) alichazwanga kwaye ixabiso elifanelekileyo ke ngoko kufuneka libhalwe phambi kokuba kufumaneke i-EEPROM.

I-EEARL – Irejista yedilesi ye-EEPROM

Kancinci

0x1E	EEAR7	EEAR6	EEAR5	EEAR4	EEAR3	EEAR2	EEAR1	EEAR0	EEARL
Ngasemva/Bhala	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X

Bit 7 - EEAR7: Idilesi ye-EEPROM

Le yeyona dilesi ye-EEPROM ibalulekileyo ye-ATtiny45. Kwizixhobo ezine-EEPROM encinci, oko kukuthi, i-ATtiny25, le bit igciniwe kwaye iya kuhlala ifunda i-zero. Ixabiso lokuqala leRejista yeedilesi ze-EEPROM (EEAR) alichazwanga kwaye ixabiso elifanelekileyo kufuneka ngoko libhalwe ngaphambi kokuba i-EEPROM ifumaneke.

Bits 6:0 – EEAR[6:0]: Idilesi ye-EEPROM

La ngamasuntswana (asezantsi) eRejista yeedilesi ze-EEPROM. Iibhayithi zedatha ye-EEPROM zijongwana ngokulandelelana kuluhlu 0…(128/256/512-1). Ixabiso lokuqala le-EEAR alichazwanga kwaye ixabiso elifanelekileyo kufuneka ngoko libhalwe ngaphambi kokuba i-EEPROM ifikeleleke.

I-EDR – Irejista yedatha ye-EEPROM

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x1D	EEDR7	EEDR6	EEDR5	EEDR4	EEDR3	EEDR2	EEDR1	EEDR0	I-EDR
Funda/Bhala	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Ngomsebenzi wokubhala we-EEPROM iRejista ye-EEDR iqulethe idatha eya kubhalwa kwi-EEPROM kwidilesi enikezwe yiRejista ye-EEAR. Kumsebenzi wokufunda we-EEPROM, i-EEDR iqulethe idatha efundwe ngaphandle

EEPROM kwidilesi enikwe yiEEAR. 5.5.4 EECR – EEPROM Control Register
Incinci 7 6 5			4	3	2	1	0
Ngama-0x1C –	–	I-EEPM1	I-EEPM0	EERIE	EEMPE	EEPE	EERE	I-EECR
Funda/Bhala R R R/W			R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala 0 0 X			X	0	0	X	0

Bit 7 – Res: IBit egciniweyo

Le bit igcinelwe ukusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo kwaye iya kuhlala ifundeka njengo-0 kwi-ATtiny25/45/85. Ukuhambelana nezixhobo ze-AVR zexesha elizayo, hlala ubhala le bit ukuya kwiqanda. Emva kokufunda, gubungela le bit.

Bit 6 – Res: IBit egciniweyo

Le bit igcinwe kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 kwaye iya kuhlala ifundeka njengo-zero.

Bits 5:4 - EEPM[1:0]: EEPROM Programming Mode Bits

I-EEPROM Inkqubo yokucwangcisa amasuntswana emowudi ichaza ukuba loluphi udweliso lwenkqubo oluya kuqhutywa xa kubhalwa i-EEPE. Kuyenzeka ukucwangcisa idatha kumsebenzi omnye we-athomu (cima ixabiso elidala kunye neprogram yexabiso elitsha) okanye ukwahlula ukucima nokuBhala imisebenzi kwimisebenzi emibini eyahlukeneyo. Amaxesha oCwangciso eendlela ezahlukeneyo abonisiwe kwi Uluhlu 5-1. Ngelixa i-EEPE iseti, nakuphi na ukubhalela i-EEPMn akuyi kuhoywa. Ngexesha lokusetha kwakhona, iibhithi ze-EEPMn ziya kuphinda zibekwe kwi-0b00 ngaphandle kokuba i-EEPROM ixakeke kucwangciso.

Itheyibhile 5-1. EEPROM Mode Bits

I-EEPM1	I-EEPM0	Ixesha lokucwangcisa	Ukusebenza
0	0	3.4 ms	Cima kwaye ubhale kumsebenzi omnye (Ukusebenza kweAtomic)
0	1	1.8 ms	Cima Kuphela
1	0	1.8 ms	Bhala Kuphela
1	1	–	Igcinelwe ukusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo

I-Bit 3 - EERIE: I-EEPROM eLungeleyo ukuphazamisa Nika amandla

Ukubhala i-EERIE kwenye yenza i-EEPROM Ready Interrupt ukuba i-I-bit kwi-SREG icwangcisiwe. Ukubhala i-EERIE ukuya ku-zero kwenza uphazamiseko lungasebenzi. I-EEPROM Ready Interrupt yenza ukuphazamiseka rhoqo xa imemori engaguqukiyo ilungele ukucwangciswa.

I-Bit 2 - EEMPE: Inkqubo ye-EEPROM Master Yenza

I-bit ye-EEMPE imisela ukuba ukubhala i-EEPE kwenye kuya kuba nesiphumo okanye hayi.

Xa i-EEMPE iseti, ukuseta i-EEPE ngaphakathi kwemijikelo yewotshi emine kuya kucwangcisa i-EEPROM kwidilesi ekhethiweyo. Ukuba i-EEMPE ngunothi, ukucwangcisa i-EEPE akuyi kuba nasiphumo. Xa i-EEMPE ibhaliwe kwenye ngesoftware, ihardware icoca isuntswana ukuya kwiqanda emva kwemijikelo yewotshi emine.

I-Bit 1 - EEPE: Inkqubo ye-EEPROM Yenza

Inkqubo ye-EEPROM Yenza umqondiso we-EEPE yinkqubo yenza isignali kwi-EEPROM. Xa i-EEPE ibhaliwe, i-EEPROM iyakucwangciswa ngokungqinelana ne-EEPMn bits setting. I-bit ye-EEMPE kufuneka ibhalwe kwenye phambi kokuba kube nengqiqo ibhalwe kwi-EEPE, kungenjalo akukho kubhalwa kwe-EEPROM okwenzekayo. Xa ixesha lofikelelo lokubhala lidlulile, isuntswana le-EEPE liyacocwa ngehardware. Xa i-EEPE iseti, i-CPU iyamiswa kwimijikelo emibini phambi kokuba umyalelo olandelayo uphunyezwe.

Bit 0 - EERE: EEPROM Funda Nika amandla

I-EEPROM Funda i-Enable Signal - EERE - yi-strobe efundwayo kwi-EEPROM. Xa idilesi echanekileyo imiselwe kwiRejista ye-EEAR, i-EERE bit kufuneka ibhalwe kwenye ukuze iqalise ukufundwa kwe-EEPROM. Ukufikelela kokufunda kwe-EEPROM kuthatha umyalelo omnye, kwaye idatha eceliwe ifumaneka ngokukhawuleza. Xa i-EEPROM ifundwa, i-CPU imisiwe kwimijikelezo emine ngaphambi kokuba umyalelo olandelayo uphunyezwe. Umsebenzisi kufuneka avote i-EEPE bit phambi kokuba aqalise umsebenzi wokufunda. Ukuba umsebenzi wokubhala uyaqhubeka, akunakwenzeka ukufunda i-EEPROM, okanye ukutshintsha iRejista ye-EEAR.

Ikloko yeNkqubo kunye noKhetho lwewotshi

IiNkqubo zeClock kunye noKwabiwa kwazo

CPU Clock

Iwotshi ye-CPU ihanjiswa kwiindawo zenkqubo ejongene nokusebenza kondoqo we-AVR. Eksampiimodyuli ezinjalo yiRejista yeNjongo Jikelele File, iRejista yeSimo kunye nememori yeDatha ebambe iSalathi sokupakisha. Ukumisa iwotshi ye-CPU kuthintela undoqo ekwenzeni imisebenzi jikelele nokubala.

I/O iwotshi – clkI/O

Iwotshi ye-I/O isetyenziswa luninzi lweemodyuli ze-I/O, njengeTimer/Counter. Iwashi ye-I / O iphinda isetyenziswe yimodyuli yaNgaphandle yokuphazamiseka, kodwa qaphela ukuba ezinye iziphazamiso zangaphandle zichongiwe nge-logic ye-asynchronous, evumela ukuphazamisa okunjalo ukuba kubonwe nokuba i-clock ye-I / O imisiwe.

Iwotshi edanyazayo – clkFLASH

Iwotshi yokudanyazisa ilawula ukusebenza kojongano oludanyazayo. Iwotshi yokudanyazisa idla ngokusebenza ngaxeshanye newotshi ye-CPU.

Ikloko ye-ADC – clkADC

I-ADC ibonelelwe ngedomeyini yewotshi ezinikeleyo. Oku kuvumela ukumisa iiwotshi ze-CPU kunye ne-I/O ukuze kuncitshiswe ingxolo eveliswa kukujikeleza kwedijithali. Oku kunika iziphumo ezichanekileyo zoguqulo lwe-ADC.

I-PLL yangaphakathi ye-Fast Peripheral Clock Generation - clkPCK

I-PLL yangaphakathi kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 ivelisa i-clock frequency eyi-8x ephindaphindwe ukusuka kwigalelo lomthombo. Ngokungagqibekanga, i-PLL isebenzisa imveliso yangaphakathi, i-8.0 MHz RC oscillator njengomthombo. Kungenjalo, ukuba ibit LSM ye PLLCSR icwangcisiwe i-PLL izakusebenzisa imveliso ye-RC oscillator eyahlulwe kabini. Ngaloo ndlela imveliso ye-PLL, iwotshi ye-peripheral ekhawulezayo yi-64 MHz. Iwotshi ekhawulezayo yeperipheral, okanye iwotshi ebekwe ngaphambili ukusuka apho, inokukhethwa njengomthombo wewotshi yeSibali-xesha/Ibali1 okanye njengewotshi yenkqubo. 'Yabona Umfanekiso 6-2. I-frequency yewotshi ekhawulezayo ye-peripheral yahlulwe ngamabini xa i-LSM ye-PLLCSR iseti, okukhokelela kwi-clock frequency ye-32 MHz. Qaphela, ukuba i-LSM ayinakumiselwa ukuba i-PLLCLK isetyenziswa njengewotshi yenkqubo.

Umfanekiso 6-2. I-PCK Clock System.

I-PLL ivaliwe kwi-oscillator ye-RC kunye nokulungelelanisa i-oscillator ye-RC ngerejista ye-OSCCAL iya kulungelelanisa iwashi ye-peripheral ekhawulezayo ngexesha elifanayo. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba i-oscillator ye-RC ithathwe kwi-frequency ephezulu kune-8 MHz, i-peripheral clock frequency igcwele kwi-85 MHz (imeko embi kakhulu) kwaye ihlala i-oscillating kwi-frequency ephezulu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-PLL kule meko ayisatshixwanga ngewotshi ye-oscillator ye-RC. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba ungathathi uhlengahlengiso lwe-OSCAL kwi-frequency ephezulu kune-8 MHz ukwenzela ukugcina i-PLL kuluhlu oluchanekileyo lokusebenza.

I-PLL yangaphakathi yenziwe xa:

I-PLLE bit kwirejista ye-PLLCSR isetiwe.

Ifuse ye-CKSEL icwangciswe ukuba ibe yi-'0001'.

Ifuse ye-CKSEL icwangciswe ukuba ibe yi-'0011'.

I-PLLCSR bit PLOCK isetwa xa i-PLL itshixiwe. Zombini i-oscillator ye-RC yangaphakathi kunye ne-PLL zicinyiwe kumandla phantsi kunye neendlela zokulala zokuma.

I-PLL yangaphakathi kwi-ATtiny15 iMowudi yokuhambelana

Ekubeni i-ATtiny25/45/85 sisixhobo sokufuduka kubasebenzisi be-ATtiny15 kukho imowudi yokuhambelana ye-ATtiny15 yokuhambelana ngasemva. Imowudi yokuhambelana ye-ATtiny15 ikhethwa ngokucwangcisa iifusi ze-CKSEL ku-'0011'.

Kwimowudi yokuhambelana ye-ATtiny15 i-frequency ye-oscillator ye-RC yangaphakathi ilinganiswe phantsi kwi-6.4 MHz kunye ne-multiplication factor ye-PLL imiselwe kwi-4x. 'Yabona Umfanekiso 6-3. Ngolu hlengahlengiso inkqubo ye-clocking i-ATtiny15-ehambelanayo kwaye i-clock ye-peripheral ekhawulezayo enesiphumo ine-frequency ye-25.6 MHz (efana ne-ATtiny15).

Umfanekiso 6-3. I-PCK yokuvala iNkqubo kwi-ATtiny15 iModi yokuhambelana.

Imithombo yewotshi

Isixhobo sinolu khetho lulandelayo lwemithombo yewotshi, ekhethwa ngamasuntswana eFlash Fuse njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi. Iwashi evela kumthombo okhethiweyo igalelo kwi-AVR clock generator, kwaye ihanjiswe kwiimodyuli ezifanelekileyo.

Uluhlu 6-1. IiKhetho zokuTshatshiso lweSixhobo Khetha

IsiXhobo sokuTshikisha ukhetho	CKSEL[3:0](1)
Ikloko yangaphandle (bona iphepha 26)	0000
Ikloko yePLL yeFrequency ephezulu (bona iphepha 26)	0001
I-Oscillator yangaphakathi eCalibrated (bona iphepha 27)	0010(2)
I-Oscillator yangaphakathi eCalibrated (bona iphepha 27)	0011(3)
Ngaphakathi 128 kHz Oscillator (bona iphepha 28)	0100
I-Oscillator yeCrystal ephantsi-Frequency (bona iphepha 29)	0110
ICrystal Oscillator / iCeramic Resonator (bona iphepha 29)	1000 – 1111
Igciniwe	0101, 0111

Kuzo zonke iifusi "1" ithetha ukungacwangciswanga ngelixa u-"0" uthetha ukucwangciswa.

Isixhobo sithunyelwe ngolu khetho lukhethiweyo.

Oku kuya kukhetha i-ATtiny15 Compatibility Mode, apho iwotshi yesixokelelwano yahlulwe ngezine, okukhokelela kwi-1.6 MHz clock-frequency. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi, bona “I-Oscillator Yangaphakathi Elungelelanisiweyo” kwiphepha 27.

Iinketho ezahlukeneyo zokhetho ngalunye lwewotshi lunikwe kula macandelo alandelayo. Xa i-CPU ivuka kwi-Power-down, umthombo wewotshi ekhethiweyo isetyenziselwa ixesha lokuqalisa, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwe-Oscillator phambi kokuba umyalelo uqalise. Xa i-CPU iqala ukusetwa kwakhona, kukho ukulibaziseka okongeziweyo okuvumela amandla ukuba afikelele kwinqanaba elizinzileyo ngaphambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo. I-Watchdog Oscillator isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa le nxalenye yexesha langempela lexesha lokuqalisa. Inani lemijikelo ye-WDT ye-Oscillator esetyenziselwa ixesha lokuphuma ngalinye libonisiwe Uluhlu 6-2.

Itheyibhile 6-2. Inani lee-Watchdog Oscillator Cycles

Chwetheza Ixesha liphelile	Inani leMijikelo
4 ms	512
64 ms	8K (8,192)

Ikloko yangaphandle

Ukuqhuba isixhobo kumthombo wewotshi yangaphandle, i-CLKI kufuneka iqhutywe njengoko kubonisiwe kuyo Umfanekiso 6-4. Ukusebenzisa isixhobo kwiwotshi yangaphandle, iiFuse zeCKSEL kufuneka zicwangciswe ukuba “00”.

Umfanekiso 6-4. Uqwalaselo lweClock Drive yangaphandle

Xa lo mthombo wewotshi ukhethiwe, amaxesha okuqalisa amiselwa yi-SUT Fuses njengoko kubonisiwe kwi Uluhlu 6-3.

Itheyibhile 6-3. Amaxesha okuqalisa oKhetho lwewotshi yaNgaphandle

SUTE[1:0]	Ixesha lokuqalisa ukusuka kuMbane-phantsi	Ulibaziseko oloNgezelelweyo ukusuka kuKuseta kwakhona	Usetyenziso oluCetyisiweyo
00	6 CK	14CK	BOD yenziwe yasebenza
01	6 CK	14CK + 4 ms	Amandla anyuka ngokukhawuleza
10	6 CK	14CK + 64 ms	Amandla anyuka kancinci
11	Igciniwe

Xa usebenzisa iwashi yangaphandle, kuyafuneka ukuba ugweme utshintsho olukhawulezayo kwi-frequency yewotshi esetyenzisiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwe-MCU. Ukwahluka kokuphindaphinda okungaphezulu kwe-2% ukusuka kumjikelo wewotshi ukuya kwelinye kunokukhokelela ekuziphatheni okungalindelekanga. Kuyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-MCU igcinwa kwi-Reset ngexesha lolo tshintsho kumaza ewotshi.

Qaphela ukuba i-System Clock Presale ingasetyenziselwa ukuphumeza utshintsho lwexesha lokubaleka kwi-frequency yewotshi yangaphakathi ngelixa uqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo. Ibhekisele ku “Isikali seClock yeNkqubo” kwiphepha 31 ngeenkcukacha.

Ikloko yePLL yeFrequency ephezulu

Kukho i-PLL yangaphakathi enikezela ngegama le-64 MHz isantya sewotshi evalelwe kwi-RC Oscillator yokusetyenziswa kwe-Peripheral Timer / Counter1 kunye nomthombo wewotshi yenkqubo. Xa ikhethiwe njengomthombo wewotshi yenkqubo, ngokucwangcisa i-CKSEL ifuses ukuya '0001', yahlulwe ngezine njengoko kubonisiwe kwi. Uluhlu 6-4.

Itheyibhile 6-4. IiNdlela zokuSebenza zeClock ye-PLL eziQhelekileyo

CKSEL[3:0]	Ukuphindaphindwa kwegama
0001	16 MHz

Xa lo mthombo wewotshi ukhethiwe, amaxesha okuqalisa amiselwa yi-SUT fuses njengoko kubonisiwe kwi Uluhlu 6-5.

Itheyibhile 6-5. Amaxesha okuqalisa ngewotshi ye-PLL yeFrequency ePhezulu

SUTE[1:0]	Ixesha lokuqalisa ukusuka kwi-Power Down	Ulibaziseko oloNgezelelweyo oluvela kuMbane woKusetwa kwakhona (VCC = 5.0V)	Usetyenziso olucetyiswayo
00	14CK + 1K (1024) CK + 4 ms	4 ms	BOD yenziwe yasebenza

Itheyibhile 6-5. Amaxesha okuqalisa ngewotshi ye-PLL yeFrekhwensi ePhezulu

SUTE[1:0]	Ixesha lokuqalisa ukusuka kwi-Power Down	Ulibaziseko oloNgezelelweyo oluvela kuMbane woKusetwa kwakhona (VCC = 5.0V)	Usetyenziso olucetyiswayo
01	14CK + 16K (16384) CK + 4 ms	4 ms	Amandla anyuka ngokukhawuleza
10	14CK + 1K (1024) CK + 64 ms	4 ms	Amandla anyuka kancinci
11	14CK + 16K (16384) CK + 64 ms	4 ms	Amandla anyuka kancinci

I-Oscillator yangaphakathi eCalibrated

Ngokungagqibekanga, i-Oscillator ye-RC yangaphakathi ibonelela malunga newotshi ye-8.0 MHz. Nangona voltagI-e kunye nokuxhomekeka kobushushu, le wotshi inokulinganiswa ngokuchanekileyo kakhulu ngumsebenzisi. 'Yabona "Isityholo se-Oscillator yangaphakathi yeRC ubuhlanga” kwiphepha 164 kwaye “Internal Oscillator Speed” kwiphepha 192 iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe. Isixhobo sithunyelwe nge-CKDIV8 Fuse ecwangcisiweyo. 'Yabona “Isikali seClock yeNkqubo” kwiphepha 31 iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

Le wotshi inokukhethwa njengewotshi yesixokelelwano ngokucwangcisa iiFuse zeCKSEL njengoko kubonisiwe ku Uluhlu 6-6 kwiphepha

27. Ukuba ikhethiwe, iya kusebenza ngaphandle kwamalungu angaphandle. Ngexesha lokusetha kwakhona, i-hardware ilayisha ixabiso lokulinganisa elicwangcisiweyo ngaphambili kwiRejista ye-OSCCAL kwaye ngaloo ndlela ilinganisa ngokuzenzekelayo i-RC Oscillator. Ukuchaneka kolu lungelelaniso kuboniswa njengolungelelwaniso lweFactory Uluhlu 21-2 kwiphepha 164.

Ngokutshintsha irejista ye-OSCAL kwi-SW, bona "OSCAL -Irejista yokuJonga i-Oscillator" kwiphepha lama-31, kunokwenzeka ukufumana ukuchaneka okuphezulu kokulinganisa kunokusebenzisa ukulinganisa kwefektri. Ukuchaneka kolu lungelelwaniso kuboniswa njengolungelelwaniso loMsebenzisi Uluhlu 21-2 kwiphepha 164.

Xa le Oscillator isetyenziswe njengewotshi ye-chip, i-Oscillator ye-Watchdog iya kuhlala isetyenziselwa i-Timer ye-Watchdog kunye ne-Reset Time-out. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe ngexabiso lolungelelwaniso olucwangciswe kwangaphambili, bona icandelo "Cali- bration Byte” kwiphepha 150.

I-oscillator yangaphakathi inokusetwa ukuba ibonelele ngewotshi ye-6.4 MHz ngokubhala i-CKSEL fuses ukuya ku-"0011", njengoko kubonisiwe Uluhlu 6-6 ngezantsi. Olu seto lunikezelwa njenge-ATtiny15 Compatibility Mode kwaye ijolise ekunikezeni umthombo wewotshi elungisiweyo kwi-6.4 MHz, njengakwi-ATtiny15. Kwi-ATtiny15 Compatibility Mode i-PLL isebenzisa i-oscillator yangaphakathi esebenza kwi-6.4 MHz ukuvelisa i-25.6 MHz uphawu lwewotshi ye-Timer / Counter1 (bona “I-8-bit Timer/I-Counter1 phakathi Imowudi ye-ATtiny15” kwiphepha 95). Qaphela ukuba kule ndlela yokusebenza isignali yewotshi ye-6.4 MHz isoloko ihlulwe ngezine, ibonelela ngewotshi yenkqubo ye-1.6 MHz.

Uluhlu 6-6. Iindlela zokuSebenza ze-RC eziQiniselweyo zangaphakathi

CKSEL[3:0]	Ukuphindaphindwa kwegama
0010(1)	8.0 MHz
0011(2)	6.4 MHz

Isixhobo sithunyelwe ngolu khetho lukhethiweyo.

Olu seto luza kukhetha i-ATtiny15 Compatibility Mode, apho iwotshi yesixokelelwano yahlulwe ngezine, okukhokelela kwi-1.6 MHz clock frequency.

Xa i-oscillator yangaphakathi eyi-8 MHz ikhethiwe njengomthombo wewotshi amaxesha okuqalisa amiselwa ziiFuse ze-SUT njengoko kubonisiwe Uluhlu 6-7 ngezantsi.

Uluhlu 6-7. Amaxesha okuqalisa kwiClock ye-RC eCalibrated yangaphakathi

SUTE[1:0]	Ixesha lokuqalisa ukusuka kuMbane-phantsi	ULibaziseko oloNgezelelweyo ukusuka kuSetha ngokutsha (VCC = 5.0V)	Usetyenziso oluCetyisiweyo
00	6 CK	14CK(1)	BOD yenziwe yasebenza
01	6 CK	14CK + 4 ms	Amandla anyuka ngokukhawuleza
10(2)	6 CK	14CK + 64 ms	Amandla anyuka kancinci
11	Igciniwe

1. Ukuba i-RSTDISBL fuse icwangcisiwe, eli xesha lokuqalisa liya kwandiswa ukuya kwi-14CK + 4 ms ukuqinisekisa ukuba imo yeprogram ingangenwa.
2. Isixhobo sithunyelwa ngolu khetho lukhethiweyo.

Kwi-ATtiny15 Compatibility Mode amaxesha okuqalisa amiselwa yi-SUT fuses njengoko kubonisiwe kwi Uluhlu 6-8 ngezantsi.

Uluhlu 6-8. Amaxesha okuqalisa kwiwotshi ye-oscillator eCalibred yaNgaphakathi (kwiMowudi ye-ATtiny15)

SUTE[1:0]	Ixesha lokuqalisa ukusuka kuMbane-phantsi	ULibaziseko oloNgezelelweyo ukusuka kuSetha ngokutsha (VCC = 5.0V)	Usetyenziso oluCetyisiweyo
00	6 CK	14CK + 64 ms
01	6 CK	14CK + 64 ms
10	6 CK	14CK + 4 ms
11	1 CK	14CK(1)

Qaphela: Ukuba i-RSTDISBL fuse icwangcisiwe, eli xesha lokuqalisa liya kwandiswa ukuya kwi-14CK + 4 ms ukuqinisekisa ukuba imo yenkqubo ingangenwa.

Isishwankathelo, ulwazi oluninzi malunga ne-ATtiny15 Compatibility Mode inokufumaneka kumacandelo “Izibuko B (PB5:PB0)” ivuliwe iphepha 2, "I-PLL yangaphakathi kwi-ATtiny15 iMowudi ehambelanayo" kwiphepha lama-24, "I-8-bit Timer / i-Counter1 kwiMowudi ye-ATtiny15" ivuliwe iphepha 95, "Ukulinganiselwa kwe-debugWIRE" kwiphepha le-140, “I-Calibration Bytes” kwiphepha le-150 nakwitafile “I-Clock Prescaler Khetha” kwiphepha 33.

Ngaphakathi 128 kHz Oscillator

I-Oscillator yangaphakathi ye-128 kHz yi-Oscillator yamandla aphantsi enika iwashi ye-128 kHz. I-frequency yi-3V kunye ne-25 ° C. Le wotshi isenokukhethwa njengewotshi yesixokelelwano ngokucwangcisa i-CKSEL Fuses ukuya ku-“0100”.

Xa lo mthombo wewotshi ukhethiwe, amaxesha okuqalisa amiselwa yi-SUT Fuses njengoko kubonisiwe kwi Uluhlu 6-9.

Uluhlu 6-9. Amaxesha okuqalisa kwi-128 kHz ye-Oscillator yangaphakathi

SUTE[1:0]	Ixesha lokuqalisa ukusuka kuMbane-phantsi	Ulibaziseko oloNgezelelweyo ukusuka kuKuseta kwakhona	Usetyenziso oluCetyisiweyo
00	6 CK	14CK(1)	BOD yenziwe yasebenza
01	6 CK	14CK + 4 ms	Amandla anyuka ngokukhawuleza
10	6 CK	14CK + 64 ms	Amandla anyuka kancinci
11	Igciniwe

Qaphela: Ukuba i-RSTDISBL fuse icwangcisiwe, eli xesha lokuqalisa liya kwandiswa ukuya kwi-14CK + 4 ms ukuqinisekisa ukuba imo yenkqubo ingangenwa.

I-Oscillator yeCrystal ephantsi-Frequency

Ukusebenzisa ikristale yewotshi ye-32.768 kHz njengomthombo wewotshi yesixhobo, i-Oscillator ye-Oscillator ye-Low-frequency kufuneka ikhethwe ngokuseta iifuse ze-CKSEL kwi-'0110'. Ikristale kufuneka idityaniswe njengoko kubonisiwe kuyo Umfanekiso 6-5. Ukufumana amandla omthwalo ofanelekileyo we-32.768 kHz crysal, nceda ujonge idatha yomenzi.

Xa le oscillator ikhethiwe, amaxesha okuqalisa amiselwa yi-SUT fuses njengoko kubonisiwe Uluhlu 6-10.

Itheyibhile 6-10. Amaxesha okuqalisa okuKhetha iClock ye-Oscillator ye-Oshi ye-Frequency ephantsi

SUTE[1:0]	Ixesha lokuqalisa ukusuka kwi-Power Down	ULibaziseko oloNgezelelweyo ukusuka kuSetha ngokutsha (VCC = 5.0V)	Usetyenziso olucetyiswayo
00	1K (1024) CK(1)	4 ms	Amandla anyuka ngokukhawuleza okanye iBOD yenziwe
01	1K (1024) CK(1)	64 ms	Amandla anyuka kancinci
10	32K (32768) CK	64 ms	Iifrikhwensi ezizinzileyo ekuqaleni
11	Igciniwe

Qaphela: Olu khetho kufuneka lusetyenziswe kuphela ukuba uzinzo lwefrikhwensi ekuqaleni akubalulekanga.

I-Crystal Oscillator ye-Low-frequency inikezela nge-capacitance yomthwalo wangaphakathi, yabona Uluhlu 6-11 kwiphini nganye ye-TOSC.

Uluhlu 6-11. Umthamo we-Oscillator ye-Crystal ephantsi-Frequency

Isixhobo	32 kHz Osc. Uhlobo	I-Cap (Xtal1/Tosc1)	I-Cap (Xtal2/Tosc2)
ATtiny25/45/85	Inkqubo ye-Osc.	16 pF	6 pF

ICrystal Oscillator / iCeramic Resonator

I-XTAL1 kunye ne-XTAL2 zigalelo kunye nemveliso, ngokulandelelanayo, ye-inverting ampi-lifier enokuthi iqwalaselwe ukuba isetyenziswe njenge-On-chip Oscillator, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi Umfanekiso 6-5. Ikristale yequartz okanye iresonator yeceramic ingasetyenziswa.

I-C1 kunye ne-C2 kufuneka ihlale ilingana kuzo zombini iikristale kunye ne-resonators. Ixabiso elifanelekileyo le-capacitors lixhomekeke kwikristale okanye i-resonator esetyenziswayo, ubuninzi be-capacitance elahlekileyo, kunye nengxolo ye-electromagnetic yendawo. Ezinye izikhokelo zokuqala zokukhetha ii-capacitors zokusetyenziswa ngeekristale zinikezelwe Uluhlu 6-12 ngezantsi. Kwii-resonators ze-ceramic, ixabiso le-capacitor elinikezwe ngumenzi kufuneka lisetyenziswe.

Uluhlu 6-12. Iindlela zokuSebenza zeCrystal Oscillator

CKSEL[3:1]	Range rhoqo (MHz)	Uluhlu olucetyiswayo lweeCapacitors C1 kunye neC2 ezisetyenziselwa iiCrystals (pF)
100(1)	0.4 – 0.9	–
101	0.9 – 3.0	12 – 22
110	3.0 – 8.0	12 – 22
111	8.0 -	12 – 22

Amanqaku: Olu khetho akufunekanga lusetyenziswe ngeekristale, kuphela ngeeresonators zeceramic.

I-Oscillator inokusebenza ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo, nganye ilungiselelwe uluhlu oluthile lwamaza. Imo yokusebenza ikhethwa ngeefusi CKSEL[3:1] njengoko kubonisiwe kwi Uluhlu 6-12.

I-CKSEL0 Fuse kunye ne-SUT[1:0] IiFuse zikhetha amaxesha okuqalisa njengoko kubonisiwe Uluhlu 6-13.

Uluhlu 6-13. Amaxesha okuqalisa oKhetho lweOtshi yeCrystal Oscillator

CKSEL0	SUTE[1:0]	Ixesha lokuqalisa ukusuka kuMbane-phantsi	Ulibaziseko oloNgezelelweyo ukusuka kuKuseta kwakhona	Usetyenziso oluCetyisiweyo
0	00	258 CK(1)	14CK + 4 ms	Iresonator yeCeramic, amandla anyuka ngokukhawuleza
0	01	258 CK(1)	14CK + 64 ms	Iresonator yeCeramic, amandla anyuka kancinci
0	10	1K (1024) CK(2)	14CK	Iresonator yeCeramic, iBOD yenziwe yasebenza
0	11	1K (1024)CK(2)	14CK + 4 ms	Iresonator yeCeramic, amandla anyuka ngokukhawuleza
1	00	1K (1024)CK(2)	14CK + 64 ms	Iresonator yeCeramic, amandla anyuka kancinci
1	01	16K (16384) CK	14CK	I-Crystal Oscillator, i-BOD inikwe amandla
1	10	16K (16384) CK	14CK + 4 ms	I-Crystal Oscillator, amandla anyuka ngokukhawuleza
1	11	16K (16384) CK	14CK + 64 ms	ICrystal Oscillator, amandla anyuka kancinci

Amanqaku

Olu khetho kufuneka lusetyenziswe kuphela xa lungasebenzi kufutshane nobuninzi bobuninzi besixhobo, kwaye kuphela ukuba uzinzo lwefrikhwensi ekuqaleni kokuqaliswa akubalulekanga kwisicelo. Olu khetho alufanelekanga kwiikristale.

Ezi zikhetho zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kunye ne-ceramic resonators kwaye ziya kuqinisekisa ukuzinza rhoqo ekuqaleni. Zisenokusetyenziswa neekristale xa zingasebenzi kufutshane nobuninzi bobuninzi besixhobo, kwaye ukuba uzinzo lwefrikhwensi ekuqaleni kokuqaliswa akubalulekanga kwisicelo.

Umthombo wewotshi eMiselweyo

Isixhobo sithunyelwe nge-CKSEL = “0010”, SUT = “10”, kunye ne-CKDIV8 ecwangcisiweyo. Ukusetwa komthombo wewotshi engagqibekanga ke ngoko yi-RC Oscillator yaNgaphakathi esebenza kwi-8 MHz enexesha elide lokuqalisa kunye newotshi yokuqala yewotshi yesi-8, ekhokelela kwi-1.0 MHz iwotshi yenkqubo. Olu seto olungagqibekanga luqinisekisa ukuba bonke abasebenzisi banokwenza useto lwewotshi abayifunayo besebenzisa i-In-System okanye i-High-voltage uMcwangcisi.

System Clock Prescaler

Iwotshi yenkqubo ye-ATtiny25/45/85 inokohlulwa ngokucwangcisa i “I-CLKPR – iRejista yeClock Prescale” kwiphepha lama-32. Eli nqaku lingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla xa imfuneko yokulungiswa kwamandla iphantsi. Oku kunokusetyenziswa ngazo zonke iinketho zomthombo wewotshi, kwaye kuya kuchaphazela ukuphindaphindwa kwewotshi ye-CPU kunye nazo zonke iiperipherals ezihambelanayo. I-clkI/O, i-clkADC, i-clkCPU, kunye ne-clkFLASH zahlulwe ngumba njengoko kubonisiwe Uluhlu 6-15 kwiphepha 33.

Ukutshintsha Ixesha

Xa utshintshela phakathi koseto lwe-prescaler, i-System Clock Prescaler iqinisekisa ukuba akukho zigxwayiba ezenzekayo kwisixokelelwano sewotshi kwaye akukho maza omoya aphakathi aphezulu kunomoya wewotshi ehambelana noseto lwangaphambili, okanye amaza ewotshi ahambelana noseto olutsha.

Ikhawuntara yeripple esebenzisa i-prescaler ibaleka ngamaxesha ewotshi engahlulwanga, enokukhawuleza kune-frequency yewotshi ye-CPU. Ngenxa yoko, akunakwenzeka ukumisela imeko ye-prescaler - nokuba ibifundeka, kwaye ixesha elichanekileyo elithathayo ukutshintshela ukusuka kwelinye icandelo lewotshi ukuya kwelinye alinakuqikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo.

Ukususela kwixesha lokubhalwa kwamaxabiso e-CLKPS, kuthatha phakathi kwe-T1 + T2 kunye ne-T1 + 2*T2 phambi kokuba i-frikhwensi yewotshi entsha isebenze. Kwesi sithuba, imiphetho yeewotshi ezi-2 ziveliswa. Apha, i-T1 lixesha lewotshi yangaphambili, kwaye i-T2 lixesha elihambelana nesetingi ye-prescaler entsha.

Isithinteli Sesiphumo seClock

Isixhobo sinokukhupha iwotshi yenkqubo kwi-CLKO pin (xa ingasetyenziswa njenge-XTAL2 pin). Ukwenza imveliso isebenze, iFuse yeCKOUT kufuneka icwangciswe. Le ndlela ifanelekile xa iwotshi yetshiphu isetyenziselwa ukuqhuba ezinye iisekethe kwisistim. Qaphela ukuba iwotshi ayisayi kukhutshwa ngexesha lokusetwa kwakhona kwaye ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-I/O pin kuya kukhutshwa xa ifuse icwangcisiwe. I-Oscillator ye-RC yangaphakathi, i-WDT Oscillator, i-PLL, kunye newashi yangaphandle (CLKI) inokukhethwa xa iwashi iphuma kwi-CLKO. I-Crystal oscillators (XTAL1, XTAL2) ayinakusetyenziswa kwimveliso yewotshi kwi-CLKO. Ukuba iClock yeClock Prescaler iyasetyenziswa, yiwotshi yenkqubo eyahluliweyo ekhutshwayo.

Inkcazo yerejista

I-OSCCAL – iRejista yoLungelo lwe-Oscillator

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x31	I-CAL7	I-CAL6	I-CAL5	I-CAL4	I-CAL3	I-CAL2	I-CAL1	I-CAL0	OSCCAL
Funda/Bhala	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W

Bits 7: 0 - CAL[7: 0]: Ixabiso le-Oscillator Calibration

IRejista ye-Oscillator Calibration isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa i-Calibrated Internal RC Oscillator ukususa iinguqu zenkqubo ukusuka kwi-oscillator frequency. Ixabiso lolungelelwaniso olucwangcisiweyo lubhalwa ngokuzenzekelayo kule rejista ngexesha lokusetwa ngokutsha kwetshiphu, inika iFactory calibrated frequency njengoko kuchaziwe Uluhlu 21-2 kwiphepha 164. Isoftware yesicelo inokubhala le rejista ukutshintsha i-oscillator frequency. I-oscillator inokulinganiswa kwiifrikhwensi njengoko kuchaziwe Uluhlu 21-2 kwiphepha 164. Ukulinganisa ngaphandle koluhlu akuqinisekiswanga.

Qaphela ukuba le oscillator isetyenziselwa ixesha le-EEPROM kunye neFlash yokubhala ukufikelela, kwaye la maxesha okubhala aya kuchaphazeleka ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba i-EEPROM okanye iFlash ibhaliwe, musa ukulinganisa ngaphezulu kwe-8.8 MHz. Ngaphandle koko, i-EEPROM okanye iFlash ukubhala inokusilela.

I-bit ye-CAL7 imisela uluhlu lomsebenzi we-oscillator. Ukuseta le bit ukuya ku-0 kunika olona luhlu lwamatyeli asezantsi, ukuseta le bit ukuya ku-1 kunika olona luhlu luphezulu lwamaza. Iindidi ezimbini zefrikhwensi ziyadlulana, ngamanye amagama isethingi ye-OSCCAL = 0x7F inika i-frequency ephezulu kune-OSCCAL = 0x80.

I-CAL[6:0] amasuntswana asetyenziselwa ukuthungela rhoqo phakathi koluhlu olukhethiweyo. Ukusetwa kwe-0x00 kunika elona frikhwensi liphantsi kolu luhlu, kunye nokusetwa kwe-0x7F kunika esona siqhelo siphezulu kuluhlu.

Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwe-MCU ixabiso lokulinganisa kufuneka litshintshwe kancinci. Ukwahluka kwamaxesha amaninzi angaphezu kwe-2% ukusuka kumjikelo omnye ukuya kolandelayo kunokukhokelela ekuziphatheni okungalindelekanga. Utshintsho kwi-OSCCAL akufuneki ludlule ku-0x20 kuhlengahlengiso ngalunye. Kuyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-MCU igcinwa kwi-Reset ngexesha lolo tshintsho kumaza ewotshi

Uluhlu 6-14. Uluhlu lwe-Oscillator yangaphakathi ye-RC

Ixabiso le-OSCAL	UQhosha loQhosha loQhosha ngokuFanelekileyo ngokuQhosha ngokuQhosha	Esona siqhelo siPhakamileyo ngokuNika iFrekhwen kwiNominal Frequency
0x00	50%	100%
0x3F	75%	150%
0x7F	100%	200%

CLKPR – Clock Prescale Register

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x26	CLKPCE	–	–	–	CLKPS3	CLKPS2	CLKPS1	CLKPS0	CLKPR
Funda/Bhala	R/W	R	R	R	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W

Ixabiso lokuqala 0 0 0 0 Jonga iNkcazo yeBit

I-Bit 7 - CLPCE: Ukutshintsha kweClock Prescaler Yenza

I-bit ye-CLKPCE mayibhalwe kwi-logic enye ukwenza utshintsho lwamabits e-CLKPS. Ibit ye-CLKPCE ihlaziywa kuphela xa ezinye iibits kwi-CLKPR zibhalwa ngaxeshanye ukuya ku-zero. I-CLKPCE icocwa yi-hardware imijikelo emine emva kokuba ibhaliwe okanye xa iibhithi ze-CLKPS zibhaliwe. Ukubhala kwakhona isuntswana le-CLPCE phakathi kweli xesha lokuphuma alondisi ixesha lokuphuma, okanye kucime isuntswana le-CLKPCE.

Amasuntswana 6:4-Res: Amasuntswana agciniweyo

Ezi bits zigcinwe kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 kwaye ziya kuhlala zifundeka njengo-zero.

Bits 3:0 – CLKPS[3:0]: Ikloko Prescaler Khetha amasuntswana 3 – 0

La masuntswana achaza into yokwahlula phakathi komthombo wewotshi ekhethiweyo kunye newotshi yenkqubo yangaphakathi. La masuntswana angabhalwa ixesha lokubaleka ukuze atshintshe amaza ewotshi ukuze ahambelane neemfuno zesicelo. Njengoko isahluli sikwahlula igalelo lewotshi enkulu kwi-MCU, isantya sazo zonke iiperipherals ze-synchronous siyancitshiswa xa kusetyenziswa i-division factor. Izinto zokwahlula zinikiwe Uluhlu 6-15.

Ukunqanda utshintsho olungenziwanga ngabom lwamaza ewotshi, makulandelwe inkqubo ekhethekileyo yokubhala ukutshintsha amasuntswana e-CLKPS:

Bhala iClock Prescaler Guqula i-(CLKPCE) bit ukuya kwenye kunye nazo zonke ezinye iibits kwi-CLKPR ukuya kwi-zero.

Kwimijikelo emine, bhala ixabiso elinqwenelekayo kwi-CLKPS ngelixa ubhala uziro kwi-CLKPCE.

Uphazamiseko kufuneka luvaliwe xa utshintsha useto lwe-prescaler ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokubhala ayiphazanyiswa.

I-CKDIV8 Fuse imisela ixabiso lokuqala le-CLKPS bits. Ukuba i-CKDIV8 ayicwangciswanga, amasuntswana e-CLKPS azakusetwa kwakhona ku-“0000”. Ukuba i-CKDIV8 icwangcisiwe, iibhithi ze-CLKPS zisetwa kwakhona ku-"0011", inika ulwahlulo lwesibhozo ekuqaleni. Olu phawu kufuneka lusetyenziswe ukuba umthombo wewotshi ekhethiweyo unefrikhwensi ephezulu kunobuninzi bobuninzi besixhobo kwiimeko zokusebenza ezikhoyo. Qaphela ukuba naliphi na ixabiso lingabhalwa kumasuntswana e-CLKPS ngaphandle kwesicwangciso seFuse ye-CKDIV8. Isoftware ye-Aplikheyishini kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba ulwahlulo olwaneleyo

ekhethiweyo ukuba umthombo wewotshi ekhethiweyo inezandiso eziphezulu kunobuninzi bobuninzi besixhobo kwiimeko zokusebenza ezikhoyo. Isixhobo sithunyelwe nge-CKDIV8 Fuse ecwangcisiweyo.

Itheyibhile 6-15. Ikloko Prescaler Khetha

CLKPS3	CLKPS2	CLKPS1	CLKPS0	IClock Division Factor
0	0	0	0	1
0	0	0	1	2
0	0	1	0	4
0	0	1	1	8
0	1	0	0	16
0	1	0	1	32
0	1	1	0	64
0	1	1	1	128
1	0	0	0	256
1	0	0	1	Igciniwe
1	0	1	0	Igciniwe
1	0	1	1	Igciniwe
1	1	0	0	Igciniwe
1	1	0	1	Igciniwe
1	1	1	0	Igciniwe
1	1	1	1	Igciniwe

Qaphela: I-prescaler ivaliwe kwimowudi ehambelanayo ye-ATtiny15 kwaye nokubhalela kwi-CLKPR, okanye ukudweliswa kwe-CKDIV8 fuse kunesiphumo kwiwotshi yesixokelelwano (eyakuhlala iyi-1.6 MHz).

Ulawulo lwamandla kunye neendlela zokulala

Ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwekhowudi yoshishino kwenza i-AVR microcontrollers ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi. Ukongeza, iindlela zokulala zenza ukuba isicelo sivale iimodyuli ezingasetyenziswanga kwi-MCU, ngaloo ndlela igcina amandla. I-AVR ibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokulala ezivumela umsebenzisi ukuba alungelelanise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokweemfuno zesicelo.

Iindlela zokulala

Umfanekiso 6-1 kwiphepha 23 ibonisa iinkqubo zewotshi ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwazo kwi-ATtiny25/45/85. Umzobo uluncedo ekukhetheni indlela yokulala efanelekileyo. Uluhlu 7-1 ibonisa iindlela zokulala ezahlukeneyo kunye nemithombo yazo yokuvuka.

Uluhlu 7-1. I-Domains Clock esebenzayo kunye neMithombo yokuvuka kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulala

Amandla Clock esebenzayo

Ii-oscillators

Imithombo yokuvuka

Imo yokuLala

clkCPU

clkFLASH

clkIO

clkADC

clkPCK

Umthombo wewotshi engundoqo unikwe amandla

I-INT0 kunye noTshintsho lwePin

SPM/EEPROM

Ulungile

USI Start Condition

ADC

Okunye I/O

Umlindi Ukuphazamisa

Ungenzi nto

I-ADC yokuNcitshiswa kwengxolo

X(1)

Amandla-phantsi

X(1)

Qaphela: Kwi-INT0, kuphela uphazamiseko lwenqanaba.

Ukufaka naziphi na iindlela ezintathu zokulala, i-SE bit kwi-MCUCR kufuneka ibhalwe kwi-logic enye kunye nomyalelo wokulala kufuneka uphunyezwe. I-SM [1: 0] bits kwiRejista ye-MCUCR khetha ukuba yeyiphi indlela yokulala (I-Idle, i-ADC yokuNcitshiswa kweNxolo okanye i-Power-down) iya kwenziwa ngumyalelo we-SLEEP. 'Yabona Uluhlu 7-2 isishwankathelo.

Ukuba uphazamiseko oluvuliwe lwenzeka ngelixa i-MCU ikwimo yokulala, i-MCU iyavuka. I-MCU iye yanqunyanyiswa kwimijikelo emine ukongeza kwixesha lokuqalisa, yenze inkqubo yokuphazamiseka, kwaye iqalise ukusebenza ngomyalelo olandela UKULALA. Imixholo yeRejista File kunye ne-SRAM ayitshintshwanga xa isixhobo sivuka ebuthongweni. Ukuba ukusetha kwakhona kwenzeka ngexesha lemo yokulala, i-MCU iyavuka kwaye iphumeze kwiVector yokuSeta kwakhona.

Qaphela: ukuba inqanaba elivusiweyo lophazamiseko lisetyenziselwa ukuvuka inqanaba elitshintshileyo kufuneka libanjwe kangangexesha elithile ukuvusa i-MCU (kunye ne-MCU yokungena kwinkonzo yophazamiseko yesiqhelo). 'Yabona “Iziphazamiso Zangaphandle” kwiphepha 49 ngeenkcukacha.

Indlela engasebenziyo

Xa iibits ze-SM [1: 0] zibhalelwa ku-00, umyalelo wokulala wenza i-MCU ingene kwimodi yokungenzi lutho, imise i-CPU kodwa ivumela i-Analog Comparator, i-ADC, i-USI, i-Timer / i-Counter, i-Watchdog, kunye nenkqubo yokuphazamisa ukuqhubeka nokusebenza- ukutya. Le ndlela yokulala imisa ngokusisiseko i-clkCPU kunye ne-clkFLASH, ngelixa ivumela ezinye iiwotshi ukuba zisebenze.

Imowudi yokungasebenzi yenza ukuba i-MCU ivuke kwiziphazamiso ezibangelwe zangaphandle kunye nezangaphakathi ezifana nokuPhuphuma kwexesha. Ukuba ukuvuka kwi-Analog Comparator ukuphazamiseka akufuneki, i-Comparator ye-Analog inokunikwa amandla ngokucwangcisa i-ACD bit kwi. "I-ACSR - i-Analog Comparator Control kunye neRejista yeSimo" kwiphepha le-120. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwimodi ye-Idle. Ukuba i-ADC yenziwe, uguqulelo luziqalela ngokuzenzekelayo xa kufakwe le modi.

Imowudi yokuNcitshiswa kwengxolo ye-ADC

Xa iibhithi ze-SM [1: 0] zibhalwa kwi-01, umyalelo we-SLEEP wenza i-MCU ingene kwimodi yokunciphisa i-ADC Noise, imise i-CPU kodwa ivumela i-ADC, i-interrupts yangaphandle, kunye ne-Watchdog ukuba iqhubeke nokusebenza (ukuba inikwe amandla). Le ndlela yokulala imisa i-clkI/O, i-clkCPU, kunye ne-clkFLASH, ngelixa ivumela ezinye iiwotshi ukuba zisebenze.

Oku kuphucula ubume bengxolo kwi-ADC, kuvumela imilinganiselo yesisombululo esiphezulu. Ukuba i-ADC yenziwe, uguqulelo luziqalela ngokuzenzekelayo xa kufakwe le modi. Ngaphandle kwefom ye-ADC Conversion Complete interrupt, kuphela i-External Reset, i-Watchdog Reset, i-Brown-out Reset, i-SPM / EEPROM elungele ukuphazamiseka, inqanaba langaphandle eliphazamisayo kwi-INT0 okanye i-pin yokutshintsha i-pin inokuvusa i-MCU kwi-ADC yokuNcitshiswa kweNxolo. indlela.

Imowudi yokwehlisa amandla

Xa i-SM[1:0] bits ibhalwe ku-10, umyalelo wokulala wenza i-MCU ingene kwimowudi yokuthoba amandla. Kule modi, i-Oscillator imisiwe, ngelixa ukuphazamisa kwangaphandle, i-USI iqala ukufumanisa imeko kunye ne-Watchdog iyaqhubeka nokusebenza (ukuba inikwe amandla). Kuphela ukusetwa kwakhona kwangaphandle, i-Watchdog Reset, i-Brown-out Reset, i-USI ukuqala imeko yokuphazamiseka, ukuphazamisa umgangatho wangaphandle kwi-INT0 okanye ukutshintshwa kwepini yokuphazamiseka kunokuvusa i-MCU. Le ndlela yokulala imisa zonke iiwotshi ezenziweyo, ivumela ukusebenza kweemodyuli ezingatshintshiyo kuphela.

I-BOD yeSoftware Khubaza

Xa i-Brown-out Detector (BOD) yenziwe ukuba isebenze nge-BODLEVEL fuses (bona Uluhlu 20-4 kwiphepha 148), i-BOD ibeka iliso ngenkuthalo unikezelo voltage ngexesha lokulala. Kwezinye izixhobo kuyenzeka ukugcina amandla ngokukhubaza iBOD ngesoftware kwimowudi yokulala yePower-Down. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla emowudi yokulala kuya kuba kwinqanaba elifanayo naxa i-BOD ikhutshaziwe kwihlabathi jikelele ngeefusi.

Ukuba i-BOD ivaliwe ngesofthiwe, umsebenzi we-BOD uvaliwe ngokukhawuleza emva kokungena kwimodi yokulala. Ekuvukeni ebuthongweni, i-BOD yenziwe ngokuzenzekelayo kwakhona. Oku kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kwimeko apho izinga leVCC liye lahla ngexesha lokulala.

Xa i-BOD ivaliwe, ixesha lokuvuka kwimodi yokulala liya kufana nelo lokuvuka kwi-RESET. Umsebenzisi kufuneka alungiselele amaxesha okuvuka ngesandla ukuze ireferensi yebhendi inexesha lokuqalisa kwaye iBOD isebenza ngokuchanekileyo phambi kokuba iMCU iqhubeke nokwenza ikhowudi. Bona i-SUT[1:0] kunye ne-CKSEL[3:0] i-fuse bits kwitheyibhile “Fuse Low Byte” kwiphepha le-149

I-BOD yokukhubaza ilawulwa yi-BODS (BOD Sleep) encinci yeRejista yoLawulo lwe-MCU, bona “MCUCR – Ulawulo lwe-MCU Bhalisa” kwiphepha 37. Ukubhala le bit ukuya kwenye kuvala i-BOD kwi-Power-Down, ngelixa ubhala i-zero igcina i-BOD isebenza. Useto olungagqibekanga ngunothi, okt BOD esebenzayo.

Ukubhala kwi-BODS bit kulawulwa ngokulandelelana kwexesha kunye nokuvumela isuntswana, yabona “MCUCR – MCU Control Regis- ter” kwiphepha 37.

Ukulinganiselwa

Ukusebenza kokukhubazeka kwe-BOD kuye kwaphunyezwa kwezi zixhobo zilandelayo, kuphela:

ATtiny25, uhlaziyo E, kunye nentsha

ATtiny45, uhlaziyo D, kunye nentsha

ATtiny85, uhlaziyo C, kunye nentsha

Uhlaziyo luphawulwe kwiphakheji yesixhobo kwaye lunokufumaneka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Icala elisezantsi lepakethe 8P3 kunye ne-8S2

Icala eliphezulu lephakheji 20M1

Irejista yokuNcitshiswa kwamandla

IRejista yokuNcitshiswa kwamandla (PRR), bona "PRR - Irejista yokuNcitshiswa kwamandla" kwiphepha lama-38, inikeza indlela yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokumisa iwotshi kwiiperipherals zomntu ngamnye. Imeko yangoku ye-peripheral ifakwe kwaye iirejista ze-I / O azikwazi ukufundwa okanye zibhalwe. Izixhobo ezisetyenziswa yiperipheral xa umisa iwotshi ziya kuhlala zihleli, yiloo nto iperipheral kufuneka kwiimeko ezininzi ingasebenzi phambi kokuba kumiswe iwotshi. Ukuvusa imodyuli, eyenziwa ngokucoca i-bit kwi-PRR, ibeka imodyuli kwimeko efanayo nangaphambi kokuvala.

Ukuvalwa kwemodyuli kunokusetyenziswa kwimowudi ye-Idle kunye nemowudi esebenzayo ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokubanzi. Kuzo zonke ezinye iindlela zokulala, iwotshi sele imisiwe. 'Yabona “Ubonelelo lwangoku lweemodyuli ze-I/O” kwiphepha le-177 umzekeloamples.

Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla

Kukho imiba emininzi ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa uzama ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwinkqubo elawulwa yi-AVR. Ngokubanzi, iindlela zokulala kufuneka zisetyenziswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye imo yokulala kufuneka ikhethwe ukuze ibe mbalwa kangangoko imisebenzi yesixhobo esebenzayo. Yonke imisebenzi engafunekiyo kufuneka ivaliwe. Ngokukodwa, ezi modyuli zilandelayo zinokufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo xa uzama ukufikelela olona setyenziso lusezantsi lunokwenzeka.

I-Analog kwi-Digital Converter

Ukuba yenziwe, i-ADC iya kwenziwa kuzo zonke iindlela zokulala. Ukugcina amandla, i-ADC kufuneka ingasebenzi ngaphambi kokungena kuyo nayiphi na indlela yokulala. Xa i-ADC icinyiwe kwaye kwakhona, ukuguqulwa okulandelayo kuya kuba yinguqu eyandisiweyo. Ibhekisele ku “I-Analog to Digital Converter” kwiphepha le-122 ngeenkcukacha malunga nokusebenza kwe-ADC.

Isifanisi seAnalog

Xa ufaka i-Idle mode, uMthelekisi we-Analog kufuneka ukhubazwe ukuba awusetyenziswanga. Xa ufaka imowudi yokuNcitshiswa kweNxolo ye-ADC, i-Analog Comparator kufuneka ingasebenzi. Kwezinye iindlela zokulala, i-Analog Comparator ivaliwe ngokuzenzekelayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-Analog Comparator imiselwe ukusebenzisa i-Internal Voltage Ireferensi njengegalelo, uMthelekiseli we-Analog kufuneka ukhubazwe kuzo zonke iindlela zokulala. Ngaphandle koko, uMqulu waNgaphakathitage Ireferensi iya kwenziwa, ixhomekeke kwindlela yokulala. Ibhekisele ku “I-Analog Comparator” kwiphepha le-119 kwiinkcukacha zendlela yokuqwalasela uMthelekisi weAnalog.

I-Brown-out Detector

Ukuba i-Brown-out Detector ayifuneki kwisicelo, le modyuli kufuneka icinywe. Ukuba i-Brown-out Detector inikwe amandla yi-BODLEVEL Fuses, iya kunikwa amandla kuzo zonke iindlela zokulala, kwaye ngenxa yoko, ihlala idla amandla. Kwiindlela zokulala ezinzulu, oku kuya kuba negalelo elikhulu kusetyenziso olupheleleyo lwangoku. 'Yabona “Isixhobo esimdaka- ingcaciso” kwiphepha 41 kwaye “ISoftware BOD Disable” kwiphepha 35 ngeenkcukacha malunga nendlela yokuqwalasela i-Brown-out Detector.

IVol yangaphakathitage Isalathiso

Umqulu waNgaphakathitage Ireferensi iya kwenziwa xa ifunwa yiBrown-out Detection, i-Analog Comparator okanye i-ADC. Ukuba ezi modyuli zivaliwe njengoko kuchaziwe kumacandelo angentla, i-voltage yangaphakathitagireferensi ye-e iya kucinywa kwaye ayizukudla amandla. Xa ivuliwe kwakhona, umsebenzisi kufuneka avumele ireferensi ukuba iqale phambi kokuba imveliso isetyenziswe. Ukuba ireferensi igcinwa kwimodi yokulala, imveliso ingasetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza. Ibhekisele ku “Umqulu wangaphakathitage Reference” kwiphepha 42 ngeenkcukacha ngexesha lokuqalisa.

Isibali-xesha se-Watchdog

Ukuba i-Watchdog Timer ayifunwa kwisicelo, le modyuli kufuneka icinywe. Ukuba i-Watchdog Timer yenziwe, iya kunikwa amandla kuzo zonke iindlela zokulala, kwaye ke, ihlala isebenzisa amandla. Kwiindlela zokulala ezinzulu, oku kuya kuba negalelo elikhulu kusetyenziso olupheleleyo lwangoku. Ibhekisele ku “Isibali-xesha seWatchdog” kwiphepha 42 ngeenkcukacha malunga nendlela yokuqwalasela i-Watchdog Timer.

Izikhonkwane zePort

Xa ungenisa imo yokulala, zonke izikhonkwane zezibuko kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukusebenzisa ubuncinci bamandla. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ke kukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho zikhonkwane ukuqhuba imithwalo resistive. Kwiindlela zokulala apho zombini ikloko ye-I/O (clkI/O) kunye newotshi ye-ADC (clkADC) zimisiwe, izithinteli zokungenisa isixhobo ziya kucinywa. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mandla asetyenziswayo

ngengqiqo yongeniso xa ingafunwa. Kwezinye iimeko, i-logic yegalelo iyadingeka ekuboneni iimeko zokuvuka, kunye

iya kuthi ke isebenze. Jonga kwicandelo “UFakelo lweDijithali luvumela kunye neendlela zokulala” kwiphepha lama-57 kwiinkcukacha apho izikhonkwane zenziwe zasebenza. Ukuba isithinteli sogalelo senziwa kwaye isignali yegalelo ishiywe idada okanye inenqanaba lesignali ye-analog kufutshane neVCC/2, isithinteli sogalelo siyakusebenzisa amandla agqithisileyo.

Kwizikhonkwane zokufakwa kwe-analog, isithinteli songeniso lwedijithali kufuneka sivaliwe ngalo lonke ixesha. Inqanaba lesignali ye-analog kufutshane ne-VCC/2 kwi-pin yokufaka inokubangela okubalulekileyo okwangoku nakwimo esebenzayo. I-Digital input buffers inokukhutshazwa ngokubhalela kwi-Digital Input Disable Register (DIDR0). Ibhekisele ku “DIDR0 – iRejista yokuKhubaza iNgeniso yeDijithali 0” kwiphepha le-121 ngeenkcukacha.

Inkcazo yerejista

I-MCUCR – Irejista yoLawulo lwe-MCU

Irejista yoLawulo lwe-MCU iqulathe amasuntswana olawulo kulawulo lwamandla.

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x35	BODS	I-PUD	SE	SM1	SM0	BODSE	ISC01	ISC00	MCUCR
Funda/Bhala	R	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Bit 7 – BODS: BOD Sleep

Ukusebenza kokukhubaza kwe-BOD kuyafumaneka kwezinye izixhobo, kuphela. 'Yabona “Ukusikelwa umda” kwiphepha 36.

Ukuze ucime i-BOD ngexesha lokulala (bona Uluhlu 7-1 kwiphepha 34) i-BODS bit kufuneka ibhalwe kwi-logic enye. Oku kulawulwa ngolandelelwano lwexesha kunye ne-bit bit, BODSE kwi-MCUCR. Okokuqala, zombini ii-BODS kunye ne-BODSE kufuneka zimiselwe kwenye. Okwesibini, kwimijikelo yewotshi emine, iiBODS mazisetwe kunye ize iBODSE isetwe ku-zero. I-BODS bit iyasebenza imijikelo yewotshi emithathu emva kokuba isetiwe. Umyalelo wokulala kufuneka uphunyezwe ngelixa i-BODS isebenza ukuze kucinywe i-BOD yeyona ndlela yokulala. I-BODS bit icocwa ngokuzenzekelayo emva kwemijikelo yewotshi emithathu.

Kwizixhobo apho i-BOD yokuLala ingaphunyezwanga le kancinane ayisetyenziswanga kwaye iyakuhlala ifunda u-zero.

Bit 5 - SE: Ukulala Yenza

I-bit ye-SE kufuneka ibhalwe kwi-logic enye ukwenza i-MCU ingene kwindlela yokulala xa umyalelo wokulala uphunyeziwe. Ukunqanda ukungena kwe-MCU kwindlela yokulala ngaphandle kokuba yinjongo yomdwelisi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubhale i-Sleep Enable (SE) bit ukuya kwenye ngaphambi kokuphunyezwa komyalelo wokulala kwaye uyicime ngokukhawuleza emva kokuvuka.

Amasuntswana 4:3 – SM[1:0]: Imo yokulala Khetha amasuntswana oku-1 no-0

Ezi bits zikhetha phakathi kweendlela ezintathu zokulala ezikhoyo njengoko kubonisiwe Uluhlu 7-2.

Uluhlu 7-2. Imo Yokulala Khetha

SM1	SM0	Imo yokuLala
0	0	Ungenzi nto
0	1	I-ADC yokuNcitshiswa kwengxolo
1	0	Amandla-phantsi
1	1	Igciniwe

I-Bit 2 - BODSE: I-BOD yokulala ivumela

Ukusebenza kokukhubaza kwe-BOD kuyafumaneka kwezinye izixhobo, kuphela. 'Yabona “Ukusikelwa umda” kwiphepha 36.

I-BODSE bit yenza useto lwe-BODS bit control, njengoko kucacisiwe kwi-BODS bit description. Ukucinywa kwe-BOD kulawulwa ngokulandelelana kwexesha.

Le ntwana ayisetyenziswanga kwizixhobo apho iBOD yesoftware icinyiweyo ingaphunyezwanga kwaye iya kufunda njengoziro kwezo zixhobo.

I-PRR - Irejista yokuNcitshiswa kwamandla

IRejista yokuNcitshiswa koMbane ibonelela ngendlela yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokuvumela imiqondiso yewotshi ejikelezayo ukuba ingasebenzi.

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x20	–	–	–	–	I-PRTIM1	I-PRTIM0	I-PRUSI	I-PRADC	I-PRR
Funda/Bhala	R	R	R	R	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Amasuntswana 7:4-Res: Amasuntswana agciniweyo

Ezi bits zigcinwe kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 kwaye ziya kuhlala zifundeka njengo-zero.

I-Bit 3 - PRTIM1: Ixesha lokuNcitshiswa kwamandla / i-Counter1

Ukubhala ingqiqo enye kule bit kuvala imodyuli yesibali/iCounter1. Xa i-Timer/Counter1 yenziwe yasebenza, ukusebenza kuya kuqhubeka njengaphambi kokuvalwa.

I-Bit 2 - PRTIM0: Ixesha lokuNcitshiswa kwamandla / i-Counter0

Ukubhala ingqiqo enye kule bit kuvala imodyuli yesibali/iCounter0. Xa i-Timer/Counter0 yenziwe yasebenza, ukusebenza kuya kuqhubeka njengaphambi kokuvalwa.

I-Bit 1 - PRUSI: Ukunciphisa Amandla e-USI

Ukubhala ingqiqo enye kule bit kuvala i-USI ngokumisa iwotshi kwimodyuli. Xa uvusa i-USI kwakhona, i-USI kufuneka iqaliswe kwakhona ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo.

I-Bit 0 - PRADC: UkuNcitshiswa kwamandla e-ADC

Ukubhala ingqiqo enye kule bit kuvala i-ADC. I-ADC kufuneka ingasebenzi phambi kokuba ivalwe. Qaphela ukuba iwotshi ye-ADC iphinda isetyenziswe ngamanye amacandelo e-analog comparator, nto leyo ethetha ukuba isifanisi se-analogue asinakusetyenziswa xa le bit iphezulu.

Ulawulo lwesixokelelwano kunye nokuSeta kwakhona

Ukusetha kwakhona i-AVR

Ngexesha lokuseta ngokutsha, zonke iiRejista ze-I/O zisetelwe kumaxabiso azo okuqala, kwaye inkqubo iqalisa ukuphunyezwa ukusuka kwiVector yokuSeta kwakhona. Umyalelo obekwe kwiVector yokuSeta kwakhona kufuneka ube yi-RJMP - I-Relative Jump - umyalelo wokuseta ngokutsha indlela yokuphatha. Ukuba udweliso lwenkqubo aluze luvumele umthombo wokuphazamiseka, iiVectors eziphazamisayo azisetyenziswanga, kwaye ikhowudi yenkqubo eqhelekileyo inokubekwa kwezi ndawo. Umzobo wesekethe kwi Umfanekiso 8-1 ibonisa ukuseta kwakhona logic. Iiparamitha zombane zokusetwa ngokutsha kwesekethe zinikiwe “Inkqubo kunye Nohlengahlengiso Lweempawu” kwiphepha 165.

Umzobo 8-1 Setha kwakhona iNgqiqo

Iichweba ze-I / O ze-AVR zisetwa kwakhona kwimeko yazo yokuqala xa umthombo wokusetha kwakhona usebenza. Oku akufuni nawuphi na umthombo wewotshi ukuba usebenze.

Emva kokuba yonke imithombo yokusetha kwakhona ingasebenzi, ikhawunta yokulibaziseka iyacelwa, yolula ukuseta kwakhona kwangaphakathi. Oku kuvumela amandla ukuba afikelele kwinqanaba elizinzileyo ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi oqhelekileyo uqalise. Ixesha lokuvala lekhawuntari yokulibaziseka lichazwa ngumsebenzisi nge-SUT kunye ne-CKSEL Fuses. Ukhetho olwahlukeneyo lwexesha lokulibaziseka luboniswa “Ikloko Imithombo” kwiphepha 25.

Lungisa kwakhona Imithombo

I-ATtiny25/45/85 inemithombo emine yokusetha kwakhona:

Ukuseta kwakhona amandla. I-MCU isetwa ngokutsha xa unikezelo voltage ingaphantsi kwe-Power-on Reset threshold (VPOT).

Ukusetha kwakhona kwangaphandle. I-MCU iphinda isetyenziswe xa umgangatho ophantsi ukhona kwi-RESET pin ixesha elide kunobude obuncinci be-pulse.

Ukuseta kwakhona i-Watchdog. I-MCU iphinda isetyenziswe xa ixesha le-Watchdog Timer liphelile kwaye i-Watchdog ivuliwe.

Brown-out Ukuseta kwakhona. I-MCU isetwa ngokutsha xa unikezelo voltagI-e VCC ingaphantsi kweBrown-out Reset threshold (VBOT) kunye neBrown-out Detector yenziwe yasebenza.

Ukuseta kwakhona amandla

I-Power-on Reset (POR) i-pulse yenziwe yi-On-chip yokufumanisa isiphaluka. Inqanaba lokufumanisa lichazwe kwi "Sys- tem kunye nokusetha kwakhona iimpawu” kwiphepha 165. I-POR iyasebenza nanini na xa i-VCC ingaphantsi komgangatho wobhaqo. Isekethe ye-POR ingasetyenziselwa ukucupha ukuSeta kwakhona kokuQalisa, kunye nokubona ukusilela kunikezelo lwevolthi.tage.

I-Power-on Reset (POR) isekethe iqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sisetyenzisiwe ukusuka kuMbane. Ukufikelela kuMbane wokuSeta ngokutsha umqobo umthamotage ibiza ikhawunta yokulibaziseka, emisela ukuba isixhobo sigcinwe ixesha elingakanani kwi-RESET emva kokunyuka kweVCC. Umqondiso we-RESET uphinde usebenze kwakhona, ngaphandle kokulibazisa, xa i-VCC iyancipha ngaphantsi kwinqanaba lokubona.

Umfanekiso 8-2. Ukuqalisa kwe-MCU, UKUSETHWA KWAKHONA Ibotshelelwe kwiVCC

UKUSETHWA OKUSHA KWANGAKAPHAKATHI

Umfanekiso 8-3. Ukuqaliswa kwe-MCU, UKUSETHA KWAKHONA Kwandiswe Ngaphandle

Ukusetha kwakhona kwangaphandle

Ukuseta kwakhona kwaNgaphandle kwenziwa linqanaba eliphantsi kwi-RESET pin ukuba yenziwe yasebenza. Phinda umisele ii-pulse ubude kunobuncinane bobubanzi be-pulse (bona “Inkqubo kunye Nohlengahlengiso Lweempawu” kwiphepha 165) izakwenza ukusetha kwakhona, nokuba iwotshi ayisebenzi. Ii-pulse ezimfutshane aziqinisekiswanga ukuba ziya kwenza ukusetha kwakhona. Xa isignali esetyenzisiweyo ifikelela kwi-Reset Threshold Voltage - VRST - kwinqanaba elihle, ikhawunta yokulibaziseka iqala i-MCU emva kokuba ixesha lokuphuma kwexesha liphelile.

Umfanekiso 8-4. Ukuseta kwakhona kwangaphandle ngexesha lokusebenza

Ukufunyanwa kweBrown-out

I-ATtiny25/45/85 inesekethe ye-On-chip Brown-out Detection (BOD) yokubeka iliso kwinqanaba le-VCC ngexesha lokusebenza ngokuthelekisa kwinqanaba elimiselweyo. Inqanaba le-trigger ye-BOD inokukhethwa yi-BODLEVEL Fuses. Inqanaba le-trigger line-hysteresis yokuqinisekisa ukuba i-spike yamahhala i-Brown-out Detection. I-hysteresis kwinqanaba lokufumanisa kufuneka litolikwe njengeVBOT + = VBOT + VHYST/2 kunye neVBOT- = VBOT - VHYST/2.

Xa i-BOD yenziwe, kwaye i-VCC iyancipha ukuya kwixabiso elingaphantsi kwenqanaba le-trigger (VBOT-in Umfanekiso 8-5), iBrown-out Seta kwakhona iyasebenza ngoko nangoko. Xa i-VCC inyuka ngaphezu kwenqanaba le-trigger (VBOT + in Umfanekiso 8-5), ikhawunta yokulibaziseka iqala i-MCU emva kokuba ixesha lokuphuma kwe-tTOUT liphelile.

Isekethe ye-BOD iya kubona kuphela ukuhla kwe-VCC ukuba i-voltage ihlala ngaphantsi kwenqanaba le-trigger ixesha elide kune-tBOD enikiweyo “Inkqubo kunye Nohlengahlengiso Lweempawu” kwiphepha 165.

Ukuseta kwakhona i-Watchdog

Xa i-Watchdog iphelelwa lixesha, iya kuvelisa i-pulse emfutshane yokusetha kwakhona ixesha elide lomjikelo we-CK. Kwisiphelo esiwayo sale pulse, isibali-xesha sokulibazisa siqalisa ukubala iTime-out yexesha le-tTOUT. Ibhekisele ku “Isibali-xesha seWatchdog” kwiphepha 42 malunga neenkcukacha malunga nokusebenza kweSibali-xesha seWatchdog.

Umqulutage Ireferensi yenza imiqondiso kunye nexesha lokuqalisa

IVoltagIreferensi ye-e inexesha lokuqalisa elinokuthi libe nefuthe kwindlela ekufanele lisetyenziswe ngayo. Ixesha lokuqalisa linikiwe “Inkqubo kunye Nohlengahlengiso Lweempawu” kwiphepha 165. Ukugcina amandla, ireferensi ayisoloko ivuliwe. Isalathiso siyasebenza kwezi meko zilandelayo:

Xa iBOD yenziwe (ngokwenza inkqubo iBODLEVEL[2:0] Fuse Bits).

Xa i-reference ye-bandgap ixhunyiwe kwi-Comparator ye-Analog (ngokusetha i-ACBG bit kwi-ACSR).

Xa i-ADC ivuliwe.

Ngaloo ndlela, xa i-BOD ingenziwanga, emva kokumisela i-ACBG bit okanye ukunika amandla i-ADC, umsebenzisi kufuneka ahlale evumela ukuba ireferensi iqale ngaphambi kokuba kusetyenziswe imveliso evela kwi-Analog Comparator okanye i-ADC. Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwimowudi yokuthoba amandla, umsebenzisi unokunqanda le miqathango mithathu ingentla ukuqinisekisa ukuba ireferensi icinyiwe phambi kokungena kwimowudi yokuthoba amandla.

Isibali-xesha se-Watchdog

I-Watchdog Timer ivaliwe ukusuka kwi-Oscillator ye-On-chip ehamba kwi-128 kHz. Ngokulawula i-Watchdog Timer prescaler, i-Watchdog Reset interval inokulungiswa njengoko kubonisiwe Uluhlu 8-3 kwiphepha 46. I-WDR - Ukusetha kwakhona i-Watchdog - umyalelo ubuyisela i-Watchdog Timer. I-Watchdog Timer iphinda isetyenziselwe xa ivaliwe kwaye xa i-Chip Reset isenzeka. Ishumi lemijikelo yeewotshi ezahlukeneyo ezinokukhethwa ukumisela ixesha lokuseta kwakhona. Ukuba ixesha lokusetha kwakhona liphelile ngaphandle kokusethwa kwakhona kwe-Watchdog, i-ATtiny25/45/85 iphinda isebenze kwaye iqhube kwiVector yokuSeta kwakhona. Ngeenkcukacha zexesha kwi-Watchdog Reset, bhekisa kuyo Uluhlu 8-3 kwiphepha 46.

I-Watchdog Timer nayo ingaqwalaselwa ukuba ivelise ukuphazamiseka endaweni yokusetha kwakhona. Oku kunokuba luncedo kakhulu xa usebenzisa i-Watchdog ukuvuka kwi-Power-down.

Ukuthintela ukukhubaza ngokungeyonjongo kwe-Watchdog okanye utshintsho olungenanjongo lwexesha lokuphuma, amanqanaba amabini ahlukeneyo okhuseleko akhethwa yi-WDTON ye-fuse njengoko kubonisiwe Uluhlu 8-1 Ibhekisele ku "Ulandelelwano lwexesha lokutshintsha iNgqungquthela- umfanekiso weWatchdog Timer” kwiphepha 43 ngeenkcukacha.

Itheyibhile 8-1. Uqwalaselo lwe-WDT njengoMsebenzi weSetingi zeFuse zeWDTON

WDTON	Inqanaba loKhuseleko	WDT Ilizwe lokuqala	Uyikhubaza njani i-WDT	Ulitshintsha njani ixesha- liphelile
Ayicwangciswanga	1	Kukhubazekile	Ulandelelwano olunexesha	Akukho mida
Icwangcisiwe	2	Ivuliwe	Ihlala ivuliwe	Ulandelelwano olunexesha

Umfanekiso 8-7. Isibali-xesha seWatchdog

Ulandelelwano olunexesha loTshintsho ukuCwangciswa kweSibali-xesha seWatchdog

Ulandelelwano lokutshintsha ubumbeko luhluke kancinane phakathi kwamanqanaba amabini okhuseleko. Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zichazwe kwinqanaba ngalinye.

Inqanaba loKhuseleko 1: Kule modi, i-Timer ye-Watchdog ivaliwe ekuqaleni, kodwa inokwenziwa ngokubhala i-WDE bit ukuya kwelinye ngaphandle komda. Ulandelelwano olubekelwe ixesha luyafuneka xa ukhubaza isibali-xesha esisebenzayo. Ukuvala i-Watchdog Timer esebenzayo, le nkqubo ilandelayo kufuneka ilandelwe:

Kumsebenzi ofanayo, bhala i-logic enye kwi-WDCE kunye ne-WDE. Ingqiqo kufuneka ibhalwe kwi-WDE ngaphandle kwexabiso langaphambili le-WDE bit.

Kwimijikelo yewotshi emine elandelayo, kumsebenzi ofanayo, bhala i-WDE kunye ne-WDP bits njengoko unqwenela, kodwa i-WDCE isusiwe.

INqanaba loKhuseleko lwe-2: Kule modi, i-Watchdog Timer isoloko inikwe amandla, kwaye i-WDE bit iya kuhlala ifunda njengenye. Ulandelelwano olunexesha luyafuneka xa utshintsha i-Watchdog Time-out period. Ukutshintsha i-Watchdog Time-out, le nkqubo ilandelayo kufuneka ilandelwe:

Kumsebenzi ofanayo, bhala ingqiqo kwiWDCE kunye neWDE. Nokuba iWDE isoloko isetiwe, iWDE kufuneka ibhalwe kwenye ukuqalisa ulandelelwano lwexesha.

Kwimijikelo yewotshi emine elandelayo, kumsebenzi ofanayo, bhala amasuntswana e-WDP njengoko unqwenela, kodwa i-WDCE isusiwe. Ixabiso elibhaliweyo kwiWDE bit alinamsebenzi.

Ikhowudi Example

Le khowudi ilandelayo exampi-le ibonisa enye indibano kunye nomsebenzi omnye we-C wokucima i-WDT. Exampithatha ukuba iziphazamiso zilawulwa (umzekelo, ngokukhubaza uphazamiseko jikelele) ukuze kungabikho luphazamiseko luyakwenzeka ngexesha lokwenziwa kwale misebenzi.

IKhowudi yeNdibano Example(1)

WDT_off:

wdr

; Sula i-WDRF kwi-MCUSR

ldi r16, (0<

ngaphandle kwe-MCUSR, i-r16

; Bhala ingqiqo enye ukuya kwiWDCE nakwiWDE

; Gcina useto oludala lwe-prescaler ukunqanda ukuSeta kwakhona kwe-Watchdog ngokungeyomfuneko

kwi-r16, WDTCR

okanye i-r16, (1<

ngaphandle kwe-WDTCR, i-r16

; Cima i-WDT

ldi r16, (0<

ngaphandle kwe-WDTCR, i-r16

kwakhona

C Ikhowudi Example(1)

vala i-WDT_off(ingekho)

{

_WDR();

/ * Sula i-WDRF kwi-MCUSR */ MCUSR = 0x00

/* Bhala ingqiqo enye kwiWDCE kunye neWDE */WDTCR |= (1<

/* Cima i-WDT */ WDTCR = 0x00;

}

Qaphela: 1. Bona “Ikhowudi Eksamples” kwiphepha 6.

Inkcazo yerejista

I-MCUSR – irejista yobume be-MCU

IRejista yeSimo se-MCU ibonelela ngolwazi malunga nokuba ngowuphi umthombo obangele Ukusetha kwakhona kwe-MCU.

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x34	–	–	–	–	WDRF	BORF	I-EXTRF	I-PORF	MCUSR
Funda/Bhala	R	R	R	R	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W

Ixabiso lokuqala 0 0 0 0 Jonga iNkcazo yeBit

Amasuntswana 7:4-Res: Amasuntswana agciniweyo

Ezi bits zigcinwe kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 kwaye ziya kuhlala zifundeka njengo-zero.

I-Bit 3 - WDRF: I-Watchdog Reset Flag

Le bit icwangciswe ukuba i-Watchdog Reset iyenzeka. Intwana iphinda imiselwe ngokusetwa kwakhona kwamandla, okanye ngokubhala i-zero ye-logic kwiflegi.

Bit 2 – BORF: Brown-out Reset iflegi

Le bit icwangciswe ukuba ukuseta ngokutsha okuBrown-out kwenzeka. Intwana iphinda imiselwe ngokusetwa kwakhona kwamandla, okanye ngokubhala i-zero ye-logic kwiflegi.

I-Bit 1 - EXTRF: Ukuseta kabusha iflegi yangaphandle

Le bit icwangciswe ukuba uSeto ngokutsha lwangaphandle luyenzeka. Intwana iphinda imiselwe ngokusetwa kwakhona kwamandla, okanye ngokubhala i-zero ye-logic kwiflegi.

I-Bit 0 - PORF: Ukuseta kwakhona iFlegi yaMandla

Le bit icwangciswe ukuba ukusetwa kwakhona kwamandla kuyenzeka. Intwana isetwa ngokutsha kuphela ngokubhala i-logic zero kwiflegi.

Ukusebenzisa iiFlegi zokuSeta kwakhona ukuchonga imeko yokusetha kwakhona, umsebenzisi kufuneka afunde kwaye aphinde asethe kwakhona i-MCUSR kwangoko kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwinkqubo. Ukuba irejista iyacinywa ngaphambi kokuba kuphinde kuvele olunye uhlengahlengiso, umthombo wokuseta kwakhona unokufumaneka ngokuphonononga iiFlegi zokuSeta kwakhona.

I-WDTCR – iRejista yoLawulo lweXesha le-Watchdog

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x21	WDIF	WDIE	WDP3	WDCE	WDE	WDP2	WDP1	WDP0	WDTCR
Funda/Bhala	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	X	0	0	0

Bit 7 - WDIF: Watchdog Timeout Ukuphazamisa iflegi

Le bit ibekwe xa ixesha lokuphuma lenzeka kwi-Watchdog Timer kunye ne-Watchdog Timer iqwalaselwe ukuphazamisa. I-WDIF icocwa yi-hardware xa kusenziwa i-vector yokusingatha ukuphazamiseka okuhambelanayo. Kungenjalo, i-WDIF iyacinywa ngokubhala ingqiqo kwiflegi. Xa i-I-bit kwi-SREG kunye ne-WDIE isetyenzisiwe, i-Watchdog Time-out Interrupt iyaphunyezwa.

I-Bit 6 - WDIE: I-Watchdog Timeout Ukuphazamisa Ukuphazamisa

Xa le bit ibhaliwe kwenye, i-WDE iyacinywa, kwaye i-I-bit kwiRejista yeSimo isetiwe, i-Watchdog Time-out Interrupt yenziwe. Kule ndlela uphazamiseko oluhambelanayo luyenziwa endaweni yokusetha kwakhona ukuba ixesha lokuphuma kwi-Watchdog Timer liyenzeka.

Ukuba i-WDE iseti, i-WDIE icocwa ngokuzenzekelayo nge-hardware xa ixesha lokuphuma lisenzeka. Oku kuluncedo ekugcineni i-Watchdog Seta kwakhona ukhuseleko ngelixa usebenzisa ukuphazamisa. Emva kokuba isuntswana le-WDIE licinyiwe, ixesha elilandelayo lokuphuma liya kuvelisa ukuseta kwakhona. Ukuze ugweme i-Watchdog Reset, i-WDIE kufuneka ibekwe emva kokuphazamiseka ngalunye.

Itheyibhile 8-2. Uqwalaselo lweSibali-xesha se-Watchdog

WDE	WDIE	I-Watchdog Timer State	Intshukumo ngexesha lokuphuma
0	0	Kumisiwe	Akukho nanye
0	1	Ukubaleka	Ukuphazamisa
1	0	Ukubaleka	Lungisa kwakhona
1	1	Ukubaleka	Ukuphazamisa

I-Bit 4 - WDCE: Ukutshintsha kwe-Watchdog Vumela

Le bit kufuneka imiselwe xa isuntswana le-WDE libhalwa kwi-logic zero. Ngaphandle koko, i-Watchdog ayiyi kukhutshazwa. Nje ukuba kubhalelwe enye, ihardware iya kuyicima le bit emva kwemijikelo yewotshi emine. Jonga kwinkcazo ye-WDE bit ye-Watchdog yokukhubaza inkqubo. Lo mncinci kufuneka usetwe xa utshintsha amasuntswana e-prescaler. 'Yabona “Ulandelelwano Lwexesha Ukutshintsha Ulungelelwaniso Lwesibali Sexesha” kwiphepha 43.

Bit 3 - WDE: Watchdog Yenza

Xa i-WDE ibhaliwe kwi-logic enye, i-Watchdog Timer yenziwe, kwaye ukuba i-WDE ibhaliwe kwi-logic zero, umsebenzi we-Watchdog Timer uvaliwe. I-WDE inokucocwa kuphela ukuba isuntswana le-WDCE linenqanaba lokuqala. Ukuvala i-Watchdog Timer esebenzayo, le nkqubo ilandelayo kufuneka ilandelwe:

Kumsebenzi ofanayo, bhala i-logic enye kwi-WDCE kunye ne-WDE. Ingqiqo kufuneka ibhalwe kwi-WDE nangona imiselwe kwenye phambi kokuba kuqale umsebenzi ongasebenziyo.

Kwimijikelo yeewotshi emine elandelayo, bhala ingqiqo 0 ukuya kwiWDE. Oku kukhubaza i-Watchdog.

Kwinqanaba lokhuseleko lwe-2, akunakwenzeka ukukhubaza i-Watchdog Timer, kunye ne-algorithm echazwe ngasentla. 'Yabona “Ulandelelwano Lwexesha Lokutshintsha Ukumiselwa Kwesibali-xesha” kwiphepha 43.

Kwinqanaba lokhuseleko 1, i-WDE ikhutshwe yi-WDRF kwi-MCUSR. 'Yabona “MCUSR – Irejista yobume be-MCU” kwiphepha lama-44 yenkcazo yeWDRF. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-WDE isoloko icwangciswa xa i-WDRF iseti. Ukucima i-WDE, i-WDRF kufuneka ihlanjululwe ngaphambi kokukhubaza i-Watchdog kunye nenkqubo echazwe ngasentla. Eli nqaku liqinisekisa ukusetha kwakhona okuninzi ngexesha leemeko ezibangela ukusilela, kunye nokuqaliswa okukhuselekileyo emva kokusilela.

Qaphela: Ukuba i-timer ye-watchdog ayiyi kusetyenziswa kwisicelo, kubalulekile ukuba uhambe ngenkqubo yokukhubaza i-watchdog ekuqalisweni kwesixhobo. Ukuba i-Watchdog yenziwe ngengozi, kuba exampLe ngesalathiso esibalekayo okanye imeko emdaka-ngaphandle, isixhobo siya kuphinda sisetwe, nto leyo eya kukhokelela ekusetweni ngokutsha kwe-watchdog. Ukunqanda le meko, isoftware yesicelo kufuneka ihlale icacisa iflegi ye-WDRF kunye ne-WDE yokulawula bit kwindlela yokuqalisa.

Bits 5, 2:0 - WDP[3:0]: Watchdog Timer Prescaler 3, 2, 1, kunye ne-0

I-WDP[3:0] bits imisela i-Watchdog Timer prescaling xa i-Watchdog Timer yenziwe yasebenza. Amaxabiso ahlukeneyo okukalwa kwangaphambili kunye naMaXesha okuphela kwexesha ahambelanayo abonisiwe kwi Uluhlu 8-3.

Itheyibhile 8-3. I-Watchdog Timer Prescale Khetha

WDP3	WDP2	WDP1	WDP0	Inani le-WDT Oscillator Cycles	Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuphuma kwi-VCC = 5.0V
0	0	0	0	2K (2048) imijikelo	16 ms
0	0	0	1	4K (4096) imijikelo	32 ms
0	0	1	0	8K (8192) imijikelo	64 ms
0	0	1	1	16K (16384) imijikelo	0.125 s
0	1	0	0	32K (32764) imijikelo	0.25 s
0	1	0	1	64K (65536) imijikelo	0.5 s
0	1	1	0	128K (131072) imijikelo	1.0 s
0	1	1	1	256K (262144) imijikelo	2.0 s
1	0	0	0	512K (524288) imijikelo	4.0 s
1	0	0	1	1024K (1048576) imijikelo	8.0 s

Itheyibhile 8-3. I-Watchdog Timer Prescale Select (Iyaqhutywa)

WDP3	WDP2	WDP1	WDP0	Inani le-WDT Oscillator Cycles	Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuphuma kwi-VCC = 5.0V
1	0	1	0	Igciniwe(1)
1	0	1	1
1	1	0	0
1	1	0	1
1	1	1	0
1	1	1	1

Qaphela: 1. Ukuba ikhethiwe, enye yemimiselo esebenzayo engezantsi kwe-0b1010 iya kusetyenziswa.

Ukuphazamiseka

Eli candelo lichaza iinkcukacha zokuphathwa kokuphazamiseka njengoko kwenziwa kwi-ATtiny25/45/85. Ukufumana inkcazo ngokubanzi yophazamiso lwe-AVR, bhekisa ku “Hlenza ngokutsha uze uphazamise ukuphatha” kwiphepha 12.

Ukuphazamisa iiVectors kwi-ATtiny25/45/85

Iivektha eziphazamisayo ze-ATtiny25/45/85 zichazwe kwi Uluhlu 9-1ngezantsi.

Itheyibhile 9-1. Seta kwakhona kwaye uphazamise iiVektha

IVector No.	Idilesi yeNkqubo	Umthombo	Phakamisa iNgcaciso
1	0x0000	SETSHENZISWA KHONA	I-Pin yangaphandle, ukusetwa kwakhona koMbane, ukuseta ngokutsha i-Brown-out, ukuseta kwakhona i-Watchdog
2	0x0001	I-INT0	Isicelo soPhakamiso saNgaphandle 0
3	0x0002	I-PCINT0	I-Pin Tshintshela isicelo soMphazamiseko 0
4	0x0003	TIMER1_COMPA	Isibali-xesha/Isibali1 Thelekisa umdlalo A
5	0x0004	TIMER1_OVF	Isibali-xesha/Ikhawuntara1 yokuphuphuma
6	0x0005	TIMER0_OVF	Isibali-xesha/Ikhawuntara0 yokuphuphuma
7	0x0006	EE_RDY	I-EEPROM ilungile
8	0x0007	ANA_COMP	Isifanisi seAnalog
9	0x0008	ADC	Uguqulo lwe-ADC lugqityiwe
10	0x0009	TIMER1_COMPB	Isibali-xesha/Ikhawuntara1 Thelekisa umdlalo B
11	0x000A	TIMER0_COMPA	Isibali-xesha/Isibali0 Thelekisa umdlalo A
12	0x000B	TIMER0_COMPB	Isibali-xesha/Ikhawuntara0 Thelekisa umdlalo B
13	Ngama-0x000C	WDT	I-Watchdog Time-out
14	0x000D	USI_START	USI QALA
15	0x000E	USI_OVF	Ukuphuphuma kwe-USI

Ukuba udweliso lwenkqubo aluze luvumele umthombo wokuphazamiseka, iiVectors eziphazamisayo azisetyenziswanga, kwaye ikhowudi yenkqubo eqhelekileyo inokubekwa kwezi ndawo.

Ucwangciso oluqhelekileyo noluqhelekileyo lweedilesi zevektha eziphazamisayo kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 lubonisiwe kwinkqubo ex.ample ngezantsi.

IKhowudi yeNdibano Example
.org 0x0000	;Seta idilesi elandelayo	ingxelo
rjmp UKUSETHA KWAKHONA	; Idilesi 0x0000
rjmp INT0_ISR	; Idilesi 0x0001
rjmp PCINT0_ISR	; Idilesi 0x0002
rjmp TIM1_COMPA_ISR	; Idilesi 0x0003
rjmp TIM1_OVF_ISR	; Idilesi 0x0004
rjmp TIM0_OVF_ISR	; Idilesi 0x0005
rjmp EE_RDY_ISR	; Idilesi 0x0006
rjmp ANA_COMP_ISR	; Idilesi 0x0007
rjmp ADC_ISR	; Idilesi 0x0008
rjmp TIM1_COMPB_ISR	; Idilesi 0x0009
rjmp TIM0_COMPA_ISR	; Idilesi 0x000A
rjmp TIM0_COMPB_ISR	; Idilesi 0x000B
rjmp WDT_ISR	; Idilesi 0x000C
rjmp USI_START_ISR	; Idilesi 0x000D
rjmp USI_OVF_ISR	; Idilesi 0x000E
UKUHLAZA:	; Ukuqala kwenkqubo ephambili
	; Idilesi 0x000F
…

Qaphela:Yabona “Ikhowudi Eksamples” kwiphepha 6.

Iziphazamisi zangaphandle

Iziphazamisi zaNgaphandle zixhonywa yi-INT0 pin okanye nayiphi na i-PCINT[5:0] izikhonkwane. Qaphela ukuba, ukuba yenziwe, iziphazamiso ziyakuqala nokuba i-INT0 okanye i-PCINT[5:0] izikhonkwane ziqwalaselwe njengeziphumo. Olu phawu lubonelela ngendlela yokwenza uphazamiseko lwesoftware. Utshintsho lwe-Pin luphazamisa i-PCI iyakuqala ukuba nayiphi na i-PCINT eyenziwe yasebenza[5:0] i-pin toggles. Ubhaliso lwe-PCMSK lulawula ukuba zeziphi izikhonkwane ezinegalelo kutshintsho oluphazamisayo. Utshintsho lwePin luphazamisa kwi-PCINT[5:0] luchongwe ngokulandelelana. Oku kuthetha ukuba ezi ziphazamiso zingasetyenziselwa ukuvusa inxalenye nakwiindlela zokulala ngaphandle kwe-Idle mode.

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-INT0 kunokuqaliswa ngokuwa okanye ukunyuka komda okanye kwinqanaba eliphantsi. Oku kumiselwe njengoko kubonisiwe kwingcaciso yeRejista yoLawulo lwe-MCU - MCUCR. Xa uphazamiseko lwe-INT0 luvuliwe kwaye luqwalaselwe njengenqanaba eliqalisiwe, ukuphazamisa kuya kuqalisa nje ngokuba iphini ligcinwe liphantsi. Qaphela ukuba ukuqondwa kokuphazamiseka kokuwa okanye ukunyuka komphetho kwi-INT0 kufuna ubukho bewotshi ye-I/O, echazwe kwi. "IiNkqubo zeClock kunye noSabelo lwazo" ivuliwe iphepha 23.

Uphazamiseko lweNqanaba eliPhantsi

Ukuphazamiseka kwinqanaba eliphantsi kwi-INT0 kuchongwa ngokulandelelanayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba olu phazamiseko lunokusetyenziselwa ukuvusa inxalenye nakwiindlela zokulala ngaphandle kwe-Idle mode. Iwotshi ye-I/O iyanqunyanyiswa kuzo zonke iindlela zokulala ngaphandle kwemowudi yokungasebenzi.

Qaphela ukuba inqanaba elibangela ukuphazamiseka lisetyenziselwa ukuvuka ukusuka ku-Power-down, inqanaba elifunekayo kufuneka libanjwe ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukuze i-MCU igqibezele ukuvuka ukuze iqalise ukuphazamisa inqanaba. Ukuba inqanaba liyanyamalala ngaphambi kokuphela kweXesha lokuQala, i-MCU iya kuvuka, kodwa akukho kuphazamiseka kuya kuveliswa. Ixesha lokuqalisa lichazwa yi-SUT kunye ne-CKSEL Fuses njengoko kuchazwe kuyo “Ukhetho Lwewotshi Yenkqubo” kwiphepha 23.

Ukuba inqanaba elisezantsi kwiphini lokuphazamiseka lisusiwe phambi kokuba isixhobo sivuswe ngoko ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo akusayi kuphambukiswa kwinkonzo yophazamiseko yesiqhelo kodwa uqhubeke nomyalelo olandela umyalelo othi SLEEP.

I-Pin Guqula ukuphazamisa uKubeka ixesha

UmdalaampIxesha lexesha lokuphazamiseka kokutshintsha kwephini libonisiwe Umfanekiso 9-1.

Inkcazo yerejista

I-MCUCR – Irejista yoLawulo lwe-MCU

IRejista yaNgaphandle yoLawulo loPhakamiso A iqulathe amasuntswana olawulo lophazamiseko lolawulo lwengqiqo.

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x35	BODS	I-PUD	SE	SM1	SM0	BODSE	ISC01	ISC00	MCUCR
Funda/Bhala	R	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Amasuntswana 1:0 - ISC0[1:0]: Phakamisa iSense Control 0 Bit 1 kunye neBit 0

I-Interrupt yangaphandle i-0 isebenze yi-pin yangaphandle ye-INT0 ukuba i-SREG I-flag kunye ne-mask yokuphazamiseka ehambelanayo isetyenzisiwe. Inqanaba kunye nemiphetho kwi-INT0 pin yangaphandle eyenza ukuphazamiseka kuchazwe kuyo Uluhlu 9-2. Ixabiso kwi-INT0 pin yi-sampikhokelwa phambi kokubona imiphetho. Ukuba i-edge okanye i-toggle interrupt ikhethiwe, iipulse ezihlala ixesha elide kunewotshi enye ziyakwenza uphazamiseko. Iipulse ezimfutshane aziqinisekiswanga ukuba ziya kwenza uphazamiseko. Ukuba uphazamiseko lwenqanaba eliphantsi likhethiwe, umgangatho ophantsi kufuneka ubanjwe de kugqitywe umyalelo owenziweyo ngoku ukuvelisa ukuphazamiseka.

Itheyibhile 9-2. Ukuphazamisa 0 Ulawulo lweSense

ISC01	ISC00	Inkcazo
0	0	Umgangatho ophantsi we-INT0 wenza isicelo sokuphazamiseka.
0	1	Naluphi na utshintsho olunengqiqo kwi-INT0 luvelisa isicelo sokuphazamiseka.
1	0	Umphetho owelayo we-INT0 wenza isicelo sokuphazamiseka.
1	1	Umphetho onyukayo we-INT0 wenza isicelo sokuphazamiseka.

I-GIMSK-Irejista yeMaski ePhakamileyo Jikelele

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x3B	–	I-INT0	I-PCIE	–	–	–	–	–	I-GIMSK
Funda/Bhala	R	R/W	R/W	R	R	R	R	R
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Amasuntswana 7, 4:0 – Res: Amasuntswana agciniweyo

Ezi bits zigcinwe kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 kwaye ziya kuhlala zifundeka njengo-zero.

I-Bit 6 - INT0: Isicelo sokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle 0 Vumela

Xa i-INT0 bit icwangcisiwe (enye) kunye ne-I-bit kwiRejista yeSimo (SREG) isetyenzisiwe (enye), i-pin yangaphandle yokuphazamiseka ivuliwe. I-Interrupt Sense Control0 bits 1/0 (ISC01 kunye ne-ISC00) kwiRejista yoLawulo lwe-MCU (MCUCR) ichaza ukuba uphazamiseko lwangaphandle luyasebenza ekunyukeni kunye/okanye kumda owelayo we-INT0 yephini okanye inqanaba lesensi. Umsebenzi kwiphini uza kubangela uphazamiseko lwesicelo nokuba i-INT0 iqwalaselwe njengemveliso. Uphazamiseko oluhambelanayo lweSicelo sokuPhakamisa saNgaphandle 0 siphunyezwa kwi-INT0 yeVektha yokuPhazamisa.

I-Bit 5 - PCIE: I-Pin Guqula Phazamisa Yenza

Xa isuntswana le-PCIE licwangcisiwe (enye) kunye ne-I-bit kwiRejista yeSimo (SREG) icwangcisiwe (enye), ukuphazamisa utshintsho lwe-pin luvuliwe. Naluphi na utshintsho nakweyiphi na i-PCINT[5:0] pin iya kubangela uphazamiseko. Uphazamiseko oluhambelanayo lweSicelo sokuPhakamisa kwePin siphunyezwa kwiVector ye-PCI yokuphazamisa. I-PCINT[5:0] izikhonkwane zinikwe amandla ngabanye yiRejista ye-PCMSK0.

I-GIFR - Irejista yeFlegi ePhakamileyo Jikelele

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x3A	–	INTF0	PCIF	–	–	–	–	–	I-GIFR
Funda/Bhala	R	R/W	R/W	R	R	R	R	R
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Amasuntswana 7, 4:0 – Res: Amasuntswana agciniweyo

Ezi bits zigcinwe kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 kwaye ziya kuhlala zifundeka njengo-zero.

I-Bit 6 - INTF0: I-Fleg yokuphazamisa yangaphandle 0

Xa i-edge okanye i-logic itshintsha kwi-INT0 pin yenza isicelo sokuphazamiseka, i-INTF0 iba yisethi (enye). Ukuba i-I-bit kwi-SREG kunye ne-INT0 bit kwi-GIMSK zisetyenzisiwe (enye), i-MCU iya kuxhuma kwiVector yokuphazamisa ehambelanayo. Iflegi iyacinywa xa inkqubo yokuphazamiseka isenziwa. Kungenjalo, iflegi inokucocwa ngokubhala into esengqiqweni kuyo. Le flegi isoloko icocwa xa i-INT0 iqwalaselwe njengokuphazamiseka kwinqanaba.

Bit 5 - PCIF: Pin Guqula iFlegi yokuphazamisa

Xa utshintsho lwengqiqo kuyo nayiphi na i-PCINT[5:0] iphini ibangela ukuphazamisa isicelo, i-PCIF iba iseti (enye). Ukuba i-I-bit kwi-SREG kunye ne-PCIE bit kwi-GIMSK zicwangcisiwe (enye), i-MCU iya kuxhuma kwi-Interrupt Vector ehambelanayo. Iflegi iyacinywa xa inkqubo yokuphazamiseka isenziwa. Kungenjalo, iflegi inokucocwa ngokubhala into esengqiqweni kuyo.

I-PCMSK-Pin Guqula iRejista yeMaski

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x15	–	–	I-PCINT5	I-PCINT4	I-PCINT3	I-PCINT2	I-PCINT1	I-PCINT0	PCMSK
Funda/Bhala	R	R	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Amasuntswana 7:6-Res: Amasuntswana agciniweyo

Ezi bits zigcinwe kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 kwaye ziya kuhlala zifundeka njengo-zero.

Amasuntswana 5:0 – PCINT[5:0]: Iphini utshintsho Yenza Mask 5:0

I-PCINT nganye[5:0] bit ikhetha ukuba utshintsho lwe-pin luphazamisekile luvuliwe kwi-I/O pin ehambelanayo. Ukuba i-PCINT[5:0] icwangcisiwe kwaye i-PCIE bit kwi-GIMSK icwangcisiwe, utshintsho lwe-pin lophazamiseko luvulwe kwi-I/O yephini ehambelanayo. Ukuba i-PCINT[5:0] isusiwe, utshintsho lwe-pin luphazamise kwi-pin ye-I/O ehambelanayo ivaliwe.

I/O Amazibuko

Intshayelelo

Onke amazibuko e-AVR anomsebenzi wokwenyani wokuFunda-Guqula-Bhala xa usetyenziswa njengamazibuko edijithali e-I/O. Oku kuthetha ukuba isalathiso sesikhonkwane esinye sezibuko singatshintshwa ngaphandle kokutshintsha ngokungeyomfuneko isalathiso sayo nayiphi na enye iphini enemiyalelo ye-SBI kunye ne-CBI. Kukwasebenza okufanayo xa utshintsha ixabiso lokuqhuba (ukuba luqwalaselwe njengemveliso) okanye ukwenza/ukukhubaza izixhasi zokutsalela phezulu (ukuba iqwalaselwe njengegalelo). Isithinteli ngasinye semveliso sineempawu ze-symmetrical drive ezine-sinki ephezulu kunye nemithombo yomthombo. Umqhubi we-pin womelele ngokwaneleyo ukuba aqhube iziboniso ze-LED ngokuthe ngqo. Zonke izikhonkwane zezibuko zinezixhasi zokutsalela phezulu ezikhethiweyo kunye nonikezelo-voltage ukuchasa okungaguqukiyo. Zonke izikhonkwane ze-I/O zine-diode zokukhusela kuzo zombini i-VCC kunye neGround njengoko kubonisiwe kuyo Umfanekiso 10-1. Ibhekisele ku “Iimpawu Zombane” kwiphepha 161 kuluhlu olupheleleyo lweeparamitha.

Umzobo 10-1. I/O Pin Equivalent Schematic

Zonke iirejista kunye neereferensi zebit kweli candelo zibhalwe ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Unobumba omncinci "x" umele unobumba wamanani wezibuko, kwaye unobumba omncinci "n" umele inani elincinci. Nangona kunjalo, xa usebenzisa irejista okanye i-bit ichaza kwiprogram, ifom echanekileyo kufuneka isetyenziswe. Umzekeloample, PORTB3 for bit no. 3 ePort B, apha ibhalwe ngokubanzi njenge PORTxn. Iirejista ze-I/O ezibonakalayo kunye neendawo ezincinci zidweliswe kuyo “Register Description” ivuliwe iphepha 64.

Iindawo ezintathu zeedilesi zememori ye-I / O zabelwe kwi-port nganye, enye nganye kwiRejista yeDatha - i-PORTx, iRejista yeNkcazo yeDatha - i-DDRx, kunye ne-Port Input Pins - i-PINx. I-Port Input Pins I / O indawo ifundwa kuphela, ngelixa iRejista yeDatha kunye neRejista yeNkcazo yeDatha ifundwa / ibhala. Nangona kunjalo, ukubhala ingqiqo enye ukuya kancinane kwi-PINx Register, kuya kubangela uguqulelo kwibit ehambelanayo kwiRejista yeDatha. Ukongeza, i-Pull-up Disable - i-PUD bit kwi-MCUCR ikhubaza umsebenzi wokutsalwa kuzo zonke izikhonkwane kuzo zonke izibuko xa zisetiwe.

Ukusebenzisa i-I/O port njenge-General Digital I/O ichazwe kuyo “Iizibuko njenge-General Digital I/O” kwiphepha lama-53. Uninzi lwezikhonkwane zezibuko ziphindwaphindwa kunye nemisebenzi eyenye yeempawu zeperipheral kwisixhobo. Ukuba omnye omnye umsebenzi uphazamisana njani nesikhonkwane sezibuko uchazwe apha “Ezinye zeMisebenzi yeZibuko” kwiphepha lama-57. Jonga kumacandelo emodyuli nganye ngenkcazelo epheleleyo yeminye imisebenzi.

Qaphela ukuba ukwenza omnye umsebenzi wezinye izikhonkwane zezibuko akuchaphazeli usebenziso lwezinye izikhonkwane kwizibuko njenge I/O jikelele yedijithali.

Amazibuko njenge-General Digital I/O

Amazibuko anamazibuko e-I/O ane-bi-directional anokhetho lwangaphakathi lokutsalwa. Umfanekiso 10-2 ibonisa inkcazo esebenzayo ye-I/O-port pin, apha ebizwa ngokuba yiPxn.

Umfanekiso 10-2. IDijithali ngokubanzi I/O(1)

Ukuqwalasela iPin

Isikhonkwane sezibuko ngasinye sineebhithi ezintathu zerejista: DDxn, PORTxn, kunye nePINxn. Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi “Register Description” ivuliwe iphepha 64, i-DDxn bits ifumaneka kwi-DDRx I / O idilesi, i-PORTxn bits kwidilesi ye-PORTx I / O, kunye ne-PINxn bits kwi-PINx I / O idilesi.

I-bit ye-DDxn kwiRejista ye-DDRx ikhetha isalathiso sale phini. Ukuba i-DDxn ibhaliwe i-logic enye, i-Pxn iqwalaselwe njengephini lokuphuma. Ukuba i-DDxn ibhaliwe u-zero we-logic, i-Pxn iqwalaselwe njenge-pin yokufaka.

Ukuba i-PORTxn ibhalwe i-logic enye xa isikhonkwane siqwalaselwe njenge-pin yongeniso, isichasi sokutsalwa siyasebenza. Ukucima isixhasi sokutsalwa phezulu, i-PORTxn kufuneka ibhalwe u-zero onguziro okanye isikhonkwane kufuneka siqwalaselwe njengesikhonkwane semveliso. Izikhonkwane zezibuko zichazwe kathathu xa imeko yokusetha kwakhona iqala ukusebenza, nokuba akukho ziwotshi zisebenzayo.

Ukuba i-PORTxn ibhaliwe ingqiqo enye xa isikhonkwane siqwalaselwe njenge pin yemveliso, iphini yezibuko iqhutywa phezulu (enye). Ukuba i-PORTxn ibhaliwe u-zero we-logic xa isikhonkwane siqwalaselwe njenge-pin yemveliso, i-pin yezibuko iqhutywa phantsi (zero).

Ukutshintshela iphini

Ukubhala ingqiqo enye ukuya kwi-PINxn kuguqula ixabiso le-PORTxn, elizimeleyo kwixabiso le-DDRxn. Qaphela ukuba umyalelo we-SBI unokusetyenziselwa ukutshintshela isuntswana elinye kwizibuko.

Ukutshintsha phakathi kwegalelo kunye nePhumo

Xa utshintshela phakathi kwe-tri-state ({DDxn, PORTxn} = 0b00) kunye nemveliso ephezulu ({DDxn, PORTxn} = 0b11), imo ephakathi kunye nokuba kukutsalwa kunikwe amandla {DDxn, PORTxn} = 0b01) okanye imveliso ephantsi ({DDxn, PORTxn} = 0b10) kufuneka yenzeke. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukutsalwa okunikwe amandla kukwamkeleka ngokupheleleyo, njengoko indawo ephezulu yokuthintela ayiyi kuphawula umehluko phakathi komqhubi ophezulu onamandla kunye ne-pull-up. Ukuba oku akunjalo, i-PUD bit kwiRejista ye-MCUCR inokusetwa ukukhubaza konke ukutsalwa kuwo onke amazibuko.

Ukutshintsha phakathi kwegalelo ngokutsalwa kunye nesiphumo esisezantsi kuvelisa ingxaki efanayo. Umsebenzisi kufuneka asebenzise nokuba yi-tri-state ({DDxn, PORTxn} = 0b00) okanye umgangatho ophezulu wemveliso ({DDxn, PORTxn} = 0b10) njengenyathelo eliphakathi.

Uluhlu 10-1 ishwankathela imiqondiso yolawulo yexabiso lephini.

Itheyibhile 10-1. Ulungelelwaniso lwe-Port Pin

DDxn	PORTxn	I-PUD (kwi-MCUCR)	I/O	Nyusela phezulu	Comment
0	0	X	Igalelo	Hayi	Ilizwe elinesithathu (Hi-Z)
0	1	0	Igalelo	Ewe	I-Pxn iya kuvela ngoku ukuba iphumile. watsalwa phantsi.
0	1	1	Igalelo	Hayi	Ilizwe elinesithathu (Hi-Z)
1	0	X	Isiphumo	Hayi	Imveliso ePhantsi (Isinki)
1	1	X	Isiphumo	Hayi	Isiphumo siPhezulu (Umthombo)

Ukufunda Ixabiso lePin

Ngokuzimeleyo kulungiselelo lwe-data Direction bit DDxn, i-port pin inokufundwa nge-PINxn Bhalisa bit. Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi Umfanekiso 10-2, iPINxn Register bit kunye nelatshi eyandulelayo zenza isilungelelanisi. Oku kuyafuneka ukunqanda ukumetastable ukuba isikhonkwane esibonakalayo sitshintsha ixabiso kufutshane nomphetho wewotshi yangaphakathi, kodwa yazisa nokulibaziseka. Umfanekiso 10-3 ibonisa umzobo wexesha wongqamaniso xa ufunda ixabiso lephini elisetyenziswa ngaphandle. Olona libaziseko luphezulu kunye noluncinci lubonisa i-tpd, max kunye ne-tpd, min ngokulandelelanayo.

Qwalasela ixesha lewotshi eliqala kamsinya emva kokuphela komphetho wewotshi yenkqubo. Ilatshi ivalwa xa iwotshi iphantsi, kwaye iya ekuhleni xa iwotshi iphezulu, njengoko kubonisiwe ngummandla onomthunzi we-“SYNC LATCH” isiginali. Ixabiso lesignali liyabanjwa xa iwotshi yenkqubo isihla. Ivalelwa kwiRejista ye-PINxn kumphetho wewotshi evumayo. Njengoko kubonisiwe ziintolo ezimbini ze-tpd, max kunye ne-tpd, imiz, inguqu yophawu olunye kwiphini iya kulibaziseka phakathi kwe-½ kunye ne-1½ yexesha lewotshi yenkqubo ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha lokuqinisekisa.

Xa ufunda kwakhona isoftware eyabelwe ixabiso lephini, umyalelo we-nop kufuneka ufakwe njengoko kubonisiwe Umfanekiso 10-4. Umyalelo ophumayo umisela "SYNC LATCH" isignali kumda ovumayo wewotshi. Kulo mzekelo, ulibaziseko lwe-tpd ngokusebenzisa isilungelelanisi lixesha elinye lewotshi yenkqubo.

Le khowudi ilandelayo exampI-le ibonisa indlela yokucwangcisa izikhonkwane zezibuko u-0 no-1 phezulu, 2 no-3 phantsi, kwaye ichaza izikhonkwane zezibuko ukusuka ku-4 ukuya ku-5 njengegalelo ngotsalo-phezulu owabelwe i-port pin 4. njengoko bekuxoxiwe ngaphambili, umyalelo we-nop ubandakanyiwe ukuze ukwazi ukufunda kwakhona ixabiso elisanda kunikezelwa kwezinye izikhonkwane.

IKhowudi yeNdibano Example(1)

…

; Chaza ukutsalwa kwaye usete iziphumo eziphezulu

; Chaza izalathiso zezikhonkwane zezibuko

ldi r16,(1<<PB4)|(1<<PB1)|(1<<PB0)

ldi r17,(1<<DDB3)|(1<<DDB2)|(1<<DDB1)|(1<<DDB0)

ngaphandle kwe-PORTB,r16

ngaphandle kweDDRB,r17

; Faka i-nop ukwenzela ungqamaniso

hayi

; Funda izikhonkwane zezibuko

kwi-r16,PINB

…

Qaphela: Kwiprogram yendibano, iirejista ezimbini zexeshana zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ixesha ukusuka ekutsaleni-ups zibekwe kwizikhonkwane ezi-0, 1 kunye ne-4, de i-bits ye-directional ibekwe ngokuchanekileyo, ichaza i-bit 2 kunye ne-3 njengephantsi kwaye ichaza ngokutsha i-bits 0 kwaye 1 njengabaqhubi abanamandla aphezulu.

C Ikhowudi Example

itshathi engatyikitywanga;

…

/* Chaza utsalo kwaye usete iziphumo eziphezulu */

/* Chaza izalathiso zezikhonkwane zezibuko */ PORTB = (1<

DDRB = (1<<DDB3)|(1<<DDB2)|(1<<DDB1)|(1<<DDB0);

/* Faka i-nop yongqamaniso*/

_NOP();

/* Funda izikhonkwane zezibuko */ i = PINB;

…

iDigital Input Vulela kunye neendlela zokulala

Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi Umfanekiso 10-2, isiginali yengeniso yedijithali ingaba clamped ukuya emhlabeni kwigalelo le-schmitt-trigger. Isiginali ibonakaliswe UKULALA emfanekisweni, imiselwe nguMlawuli wokuLala we-MCU kwimowudi ye-Power-down ukuphepha ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu ukuba ezinye iimpawu zegalelo zishiywe zidada, okanye zinenqanaba lesignali ye-analog kufutshane neVCC/2.

UKULALA kubhalwe phantsi kwizikhonkwane zezibuko ezenziwe njengezikhonkwane zangaphandle zokuphazamiseka. Ukuba isicelo sophazamiseko lwangaphandle alwenziwanga lusebenze, SLEEP iyasebenza kwezi zikhonkwane. UKULALA kukwathathelwa indawo yeminye imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo njengoko ichaziwe “Ezinye zeMisebenzi yeZibuko” kwiphepha lama-57.

Ukuba inqanaba eliphakamileyo lengqiqo ("enye") likhona kwipini yokuphazamiseka yangaphandle engahambelaniyo eqwalaselwe njengo "Phazamisa kwiRising Edge, Falling Edge, okanye nayiphi na iLogic Change kwiPin" ngelixa uphazamiseko lwangaphandle lungenziwanga, iFlegi ehambelanayo yokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle iya kuthi. Ukusetwa xa uqalisa kwakhona kwimo yokulala ekhankanywe ngasentla, njenge clampUkungena kule ndlela yokulala kuvelisa utshintsho oluceliweyo lwengqiqo.

Izikhonkwane ezingadityaniswanga

Ukuba ezinye izikhonkwane zingasetyenziswanga, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba ezi zikhonkwane zinezinga elichaziweyo. Nangona uninzi lwamagalelo edijithali lukhutshaziwe kwiindlela zokulala ezinzulu njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, iingeniso ezidadayo kufuneka zigwenywe ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwangoku kuzo zonke ezinye iindlela apho iingeniso zedijithali zenziwe (Setha kwakhona, Imo esebenzayo kunye nemodi ye-Idle).

Eyona ndlela ilula yokuqinisekisa umgangatho ochaziweyo wephini elingasetyenziswanga, kukuvumela ukutsalwa kwangaphakathi. Kule meko, ukutsalwa kuya kucinywa ngexesha lokusetha kwakhona. Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi ngexesha lokusetha kwakhona kubalulekile, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ukutsalwa kwangaphandle okanye ukukhupha. Ukuqhagamshela izikhonkwane ezingasetyenziswanga ngokuthe ngqo kwi-VCC okanye kwi-GND akukhuthazwa, kuba oku kunokubangela imisinga egqithisileyo ukuba iphini lilungiswe ngempazamo njengemveliso.

Eminye imisebenzi yeZibuko

Uninzi lwezikhonkwane zezibuko zineminye imisebenzi ukongeza kwi-I/Os yedijithali ngokubanzi. Umfanekiso 10-5 ibonisa indlela isikhonkwane sokulawula imiqondiso ukusuka kweyenziwe lula Umfanekiso 10-2 inokukhutshwa ngokuhambelana nemisebenzi. Iimpawu ezingaphezulu zisenokungabikho kuzo zonke izikhonkwane zezibuko, kodwa inani lisebenza njengenkcazelo eqhelekileyo esebenza kuzo zonke izikhonkwane zezibuko kusapho lwe-AVR lolawulo oluncinci.

Itheyibhile 10-2. INkcazelo yeGeneric yeMiqondiso eThathayo yeMisebenzi eyenye

Igama loMqondiso	Igama eliphelele	Inkcazo
PUOE	Tsala-phezulu uBhaliso Vulela	Ukuba olu phawu lusetiwe, ukutsalwa-phezulu kulawulwa ngumqondiso wePUOV. Ukuba olu phawu lucinyiwe, utsalo luvulwa xa {DDxn, PORTxn, PUD} = 0b010.
PUOV	Tsala-phezulu Ixabiso lokuThabatha	Ukuba i-PUOE icwangcisiwe, ukutsalwa kwenziwe/kuvaliwe xa i-PUOV icwangcisiwe/icinyiwe, kungakhathaliseki ucwangciso lwe-DDxn, PORTxn, kunye ne-PUD Bhalisa amasuntswana.
DDOE	Data Direction Override Vulela	Ukuba olu phawu lusetiwe, i-Output Driver Enable ilawulwa ngumqondiso we-DDOV. Ukuba olu phawu lucinyiwe, iSiphumo somqhubi sivulwa yi-DDxn Bhalisa bit.
DDOV	Ixabiso loMkhombandlela weDatha	Ukuba i-DDOE icwangcisiwe, i-Output Driver yenziwe/yacinywa xa i-DDOV icwangcisiwe/icociwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuba isicwangciso se-DDxn Bhalisa bit.
I-PVOE	Ixabiso lePort Value liPhumelela	Ukuba olu phawu lusetiwe kwaye uMqhubi wePhulo wenziwe, ixabiso lezibuko lilawulwa ngumqondiso wePVOV. Ukuba i-PVOE isusiwe, kwaye i-Output Driver yenziwe yasebenza, ixabiso lezibuko lilawulwa yi-PORTxn Bhalisa bit.
I-PVOV	Ixabiso lePort Value	Ukuba i-PVOE icwangcisiwe, ixabiso lezibuko limiselwe kwi-PVOV, kungakhathaliseki isicwangciso se-portxn Bhalisa bit.
PTOE	I-Port Toggle Override Vulela	Ukuba i-PTOE isetiwe, i-PORTxn Bhalisa bit iyaguqulwa.
I-DIEOE	Ungeniso lweDijithali Nika amandla ukuBhala ngaphezulu Vulela	Ukuba le bit icwangcisiwe, i-Digital Input Vulela ilawulwa ngumqondiso we-DIEOV. Ukuba lo mqondiso ucinyiwe, i-Digital Input Yenza igqitywe yimeko ye-MCU (Imo yesiqhelo, imo yokulala).
I-DIEOV	Ungeniso Lwedijithali	Ukuba i-DIEOE icwangcisiwe, i-Digital Input yenziwe/ivaliwe xa i-DIEOV iseti/icociwe, nokuba ikwimeko ye-MCU (Imo yesiqhelo, imo yokulala).
DI	Igalelo ledijithali	Eli liNgeniso leDijithali ukutshintshela imisebenzi. Kumzobo, umqondiso uqhagamshelwe kwimveliso ye-schmitt-trigger kodwa phambi kwe-synchronizer. Ngaphandle kokuba Ungeniso lweDijithali lusetyenziswa njengomthombo wewotshi, umnqongo onomnye umsebenzi uyakusebenzisa isingqamanisi sawo.
AIO	Igalelo le-Analog / Iziphumo	Eli liNgeniso/Isiphumo seAnalog ukuya/ukusuka kweminye imisebenzi. Umqondiso uqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-pad, kwaye inokusetyenziswa macala omabini.

La macandelwana alandelayo achaza ngokufutshane imisebenzi etshintshanayo yezibuko ngalinye, kwaye anxulumanise imiqondiso engaphezulu komsebenzi ongomnye. Jonga kwenye inkcazo yomsebenzi ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

Eminye imisebenzi yeZibuko B

Izikhonkwane zePort B ezinomnye umsebenzi zibonisiwe kwi Uluhlu 10-3.

Itheyibhile 10-3. Izikhonkwane zePort B Eminye imisebenzi

Iphini yePort	Umsebenzi Ongomnye
PB5	SETHA kwakhona: Phinda umisele iPin dW: debugWIRE I/O ADC0: ADC Input Channel 0 I-PCINT5: I-Pin Guqula iPhazamisi, uMthombo we-5
PB4	XTAL2: Crystal Oscillator Output CLKO: System Clock Output ADC2: ADC Input Channel 2 I-OC1B: Isibali-xesha/iSibali1 Thelekisa iNtshukumo ye-B ye-PCINT4: I-Pin Guqula iPhazamisi 0, Umthombo 4
PB3	I-XTAL1: Igalelo le-Crystal Oscillator CLKI: Igalelo leClock yaNgaphandle ADC3: I-ADC Input Channel 3 I-OC1B: Isibali-xesha esongezelelweyo/iSibali1 Thelekisa iNtlawulo ye-B ye-PCINT3: Ukutshintsha i-Pin Phakamisa 0, uMthombo 3
PB2	I-SCK: Igalelo leClock yothotho i-ADC1: i-ADC Input Channel 1 T0: Timer/Counter0 Umthombo weKloko USCK: Ikloko ye-USI (Imowudi yocingo eNtathu) SCL : Iklokhi ye-USI (Imowudi yocingo emibini) INT0: Ukuphazamisa kwangaphandle 0 Igalelo PCINT2: I-Pin Change Interrupt 0, Source 2
PB1	MISO: SPI Master Igalelo leDatha / Imveliso yeData yekhoboka AIN1: Isifanisi seAnalog, igalelo elibi OC0B: Timer/Counter0 Thelekisa umdlalo B Imveliso OC1A: Timer/Counter1 Thelekisa iMatch A Output DO: USI Data Output (Imowudi yocingo oluNtathu) PCINT1:Pin 0, umthombo 1
PB0	MOSI :: SPI Master Isiphumo seDatha / iNgeniso kwiDatha yekhoboka AIN0: Isithelekisi se-Analog, iNgeniso eNgcono I-OC0A: Isibali-xesha/i-Counter0 Thelekisa iMatch A imveliso OC1A: Isibali-xesha esongezelelweyo/Ikhawuntari1 Thelekisa iNtshukumo Imveliso DI: Ungeniso lweDatha ye-USI (Imowudi yocingo eNtathu) I-SDA: Igalelo leDatha ye-USI (Imowudi yeeNcingo ezimbini) AREF: Ireferensi ye-Analog yangaphandle PCINT0: I-Pin Tshintsha Ukuphazamisa 0, Umthombo 0

IPort B, Bit 5 – RESET/dW/ADC0/PCINT5

UKUSETHA KWAKHONA: Igalelo lokuSeta kwakhona kwaNgaphandle liphantsi kwaye linikwe amandla ngokungacwangciswanga (“1”) i-RSTDISBL Fuse. I-Pullup iyasebenza kwaye umqhubi wemveliso kunye negalelo ledijithali liyacinywa xa i-pin isetyenziswa njenge-RESET pin.

dW: Xa i-debugWIRE Yenza (i-DWEN) iFuse icwangcisiwe kwaye amasuntswana okutshixa engacwangciswanga, inkqubo ye-debugWIRE ngaphakathi kwesixhobo ekujoliswe kuso iyasebenza. Iphinikhodi ye-RESET iqwalaselwe njengocingo-AND (i-open-drain) ye-bi-directional ye-I/O iphini enotsalo oluvunyiweyo kwaye ibe lisango lonxibelelwano phakathi kwethagethi kunye ne-emulator.

I-ADC0: I-Analog ukuya kwi-Digital Converter, i-Channel 0.

I-PCINT5: I-Pin Guqula iNgxaki yomthombo 5.

I-Port B, Bit 4 - XTAL2/CLKO/ADC2/OC1B/PCINT4

I-XTAL2: I-Chip Clock Oscillator pin 2. Isetyenziswe njengephini lewashi kuyo yonke imithombo yewashi ye-chip ngaphandle kwe-RC Oscillator yangaphakathi kunye newashi yangaphandle. Xa isetyenziswa njengesikhonkwane sewotshi, iphini ayinakusetyenziswa njengephini ye-I/O. Xa usebenzisa i-RC Oscillator yangaphakathi okanye iwotshi yangaphandle njengemithombo yewotshi ye-Chip, i-PB4 isebenza njenge-pin ye-I / O eqhelekileyo.

I-CLKO: Iwotshi yenkqubo eyahluliweyo inokukhutshwa kwi-pin PB4. Iwotshi yenkqubo eyahluliweyo iya kukhutshwa ukuba iFuse ye CKOUT icwangcisiwe, nokuba i PORTB4 kunye ne DDB4 izicwangciso. Iya kukhutshwa kwakhona ngexesha lokuseta kwakhona.

I-ADC2: I-Analog ukuya kwi-Digital Converter, i-Channel 2.

I-OC1B: Isiphumo Thelekisa imveliso yeMatch: I-pin ye-PB4 inokusebenza njengemveliso yangaphandle ye-Timer / Counter1 Thelekisa i-Match B xa iqwalaselwe njengemveliso (isethi ye-DDB4). Iphini ye-OC1B ikwayi-pin yemveliso ye-PWM mode timer function.

I-PCINT4: I-Pin Guqula iNgxaki yomthombo 4.

I-Port B, Bit 3 - XTAL1/CLKI/ADC3/OC1B/PCINT3

I-XTAL1: I-Chip Clock Oscillator pin 1. Isetyenziselwa yonke imithombo yewotshi ye-chip ngaphandle kwe-oscillator ye-RC elungelelanisiweyo. Xa isetyenziswa njengesikhonkwane sewotshi, iphini ayinakusetyenziswa njengephini ye-I/O.

I-CLKI: Igalelo lewotshi elivela kumthombo wewotshi yangaphandle, yabona “Iwotshi Yangaphandle” kwiphepha 26.

I-ADC3: I-Analog ukuya kwi-Digital Converter, i-Channel 3.

I-OC1B: I-Inverted Output Thelekisa imveliso yeMatch: I-pin ye-PB3 inokusebenza njengemveliso yangaphandle ye-Timer / Counter1 Thelekisa i-Match B xa iqwalaselwe njengemveliso (isethi ye-DDB3). Iphini ye-OC1B ikwaliphini lokuphuma eliguqulelwe kwimowudi ye-PWM yomsebenzi wesibali-xesha.

I-PCINT3: I-Pin Guqula iNgxaki yomthombo 3.

Izibuko B, Bit 2 – SCK/ADC1/T0/USCK/SCL/INT0/PCINT2

I-SCK: I-Master Clock ephumayo, iphini yokufaka iClock Clock ye-SPI channel. Xa i-SPI yenziwe yasebenza njengekhoboka, le pin iqwalaselwe njengegalelo kungakhathaliseki ucwangciso lwe-DDB2. Xa i-SPI inikwe amandla njenge-Master, isikhokelo sedatha sale pin silawulwa yi-DDPB2. Xa isikhonkwane sinyanzeliswa yi-SPI ukuba ibe negalelo, ukutsalwa-up kusenokulawulwa yi-PORTB2 bit.

I-ADC1: I-Analog ukuya kwi-Digital Converter, i-Channel 1.

T0: Isibali-xesha/Ikhawuntara0 umthombo wekhawuntari.

I-USCK: Imowudi yeengcingo ezintathu kwi-Universal Serial Interface Clock.

SCL: Imowudi yocingo ezimbini Uthotho Clock for USI Imowudi wire-ezimbini.

I-INT0: Umthombo wokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle 0.

I-PCINT2: I-Pin Guqula iNgxaki yomthombo 2.

Izibuko B, Bit 1 – MISO/AIN1/OC0B/OC1A/DO/PCINT1

I-MISO: Igalelo leDatha eyiNkosi, iphini yokukhupha iDatha yeSlave kwitshaneli yeSPI. Xa i-SPI yenziwe njengoMphathi, le pin iqwalaselwe njengegalelo kungakhathaliseki ucwangciso lwe-DDB1. Xa i-SPI inikwe amandla njengekhoboka, ulwalathiso lwedatha yale pin lulawulwa yi-DDB1. Xa isikhonkwane sinyanzeliswa yi-SPI ukuba ibe negalelo, ukutsalwa-up kusenokulawulwa yi-PORTB1 bit.

I-AIN1: Isifanisi se-Analog Igalelo elibi. Qwalasela isikhonkwane sezibuko njengegalelo kunye notsalo lwangaphakathi olucinyiweyo ukunqanda umsebenzi wezibuko ledijithali ekuphazamisaneni nomsebenzi weSithelekisi se-Analog.

I-OC0B: Imveliso Thelekisa imveliso. I-pin ye-PB1 ingasebenza njengemveliso yangaphandle yeSibali-xesha/i-Counter0 Thelekisa uMatch B. I-pin ye-PB1 kufuneka iqwalaselwe njengemveliso (i-DDB1 iseti (enye)) ukuze isebenze lo msebenzi. Iphini ye-OC0B ikwayi-pin yemveliso ye-PWM mode timer function.

I-OC1A: Isiphumo Thelekisa imveliso yeMatch: I-pin ye-PB1 ingasebenza njengemveliso yangaphandle ye-Timer / Counter1 Thelekisa i-Match B xa iqwalaselwe njengemveliso (isethi ye-DDB1). Iphini ye-OC1A ikwayi-pin yokuphuma ye-PWM mode timer function.

YENZA: Imowudi yocingo-ntathu Universal Serial Interface Data imveliso. Imowudi yocingo-ntathu Imveliso yedatha ibeka ngaphezulu ixabiso le-PORTB1 kwaye iqhutywa ukuya kwizibuko xa i-data direction bit DDB1 iseti (enye). I-PORTB1 isakwenza ukutsalwa, ukuba isalathiso ligalelo kwaye PORTB1 iseti (enye).

I-PCINT1: I-Pin Guqula iNgxaki yomthombo 1.

Izibuko B, Bit 0 – MOSI/AIN0/OC0A/OC1A/DI/SDA/AREF/PCINT0

I-MOSI: I-SPI Master data output, i-Slave Data input ye-SPI channel. Xa i-SPI yenziwe yasebenza njengekhoboka, le pin iqwalaselwe njengegalelo kungakhathaliseki isicwangciso se-DDB0. Xa i-SPI inikwe amandla njenge-Master, isikhokelo sedatha sale pin silawulwa yi-DDB0. Xa isikhonkwane sinyanzeliswa yi-SPI ukuba ibe negalelo, ukutsalwa-up kusenokulawulwa yi-PORTB0 bit.

I-AIN0: I-Analog Comparator Positive Input. Qwalasela isikhonkwane sezibuko njengegalelo kunye notsalo lwangaphakathi olucinyiweyo ukunqanda umsebenzi wezibuko ledijithali ekuphazamisaneni nomsebenzi weSithelekisi se-Analog.

I-OC0A: Isiphumo Thelekisa imveliso. I-pin ye-PB0 inokusebenza njengemveliso yangaphandle ye-Timer / Counter0 Thelekisa uMatch A xa iqwalaselwe njengemveliso (i-DDB0 iseti (enye)). Iphini ye-OC0A ikwayi-pin yemveliso ye-PWM mode timer function.

I-OC1A: I-Inverted Output Thelekisa imveliso yeMatch: I-pin ye-PB0 inokusebenza njengemveliso yangaphandle ye-Timer / Counter1 Thelekisa i-Match B xa iqwalaselwe njengemveliso (isethi ye-DDB0). Iphini ye-OC1A ikwaliphini lokuphuma eliguqulelwe kwimowudi ye-PWM yomsebenzi.

SDA: Imowudi-wire-ezimbini Uthotho Data Interface.

I-AREF: Isalathiso se-Analog yangaphandle ye-ADC. Ukutsalwa kunye nomqhubi wemveliso kuvaliwe kwi-PB0 xa iphini isetyenziswa njengesalathiso sangaphandle okanye iVol yaNgaphakathi.tage Ireferensi kunye ne-capacitor yangaphandle kwi-AREF pin.

DI: Igalelo leDatha kwi-USI Imowudi yeengcingo ezintathu. USI Imowudi yeengcingo ezintathu ayigqithisi imisebenzi yezibuko yesiqhelo, ngoko ke iphini kufuneka iqwalaselwe njengegalelo lomsebenzi we DI.

I-PCINT0: I-Pin Guqula iNgxaki yomthombo 0.

Uluhlu 10-4 kwaye Uluhlu 10-5 nxulumanisa imisebenzi eyenye yeSizibu B kwimiqondiso engaphezulu eboniswe kwi Umzobo 10-5 iphepha 58.

Itheyibhile 10-4. Imiqondiso eThathayo kwimiSebenzi eyenye kwi-PB[5:3]

Igama loMqondiso	PB5/RESET/ ADC0/PCINT5	PB4/ADC2/XTAL2/ OC1B/PCINT4	PB3/ADC3/XTAL1/ OC1B/PCINT3
PUOE	I-RSTDISBL(1) • DWEN(1)	0	0
PUOV	1	0	0
DDOE	I-RSTDISBL(1) • DWEN(1)	0	0
DDOV	debugWire Transmit	0	0
I-PVOE	0	OC1B Vulela	OC1B Vulela
I-PVOV	0	OC1B	OC1B
PTOE	0	0	0
I-DIEOE	I-RSTDISBL(1) + (PCINT5 • PCIE + ADC0D)	PCINT4 • PCIE + ADC2D	PCINT3 • PCIE + ADC3D
I-DIEOV	ADC0D	ADC2D	ADC3D
DI	PCINT5 Ungeniso	PCINT4 Ungeniso	PCINT3 Ungeniso
AIO	SETHA kwakhona iNgeniso, i-ADC0 Input	Igalelo le-ADC2	Igalelo le-ADC3

Qaphela: xa iFuse ingu “0” (Icwangcisiwe).

Itheyibhile 10-5. Imiqondiso eThathayo kwimiSebenzi eyenye kwi-PB[2:0]

Igama loMqondiso	PB2/SCK/ADC1/T0/ USCK/SCL/INT0/PCINT2	PB1/MISO/DO/AIN1/ OC1A/OC0B/PCINT1	PB0/MOSI/DI/SDA/AIN0/AR EF/OC1A/OC0A/ I-PCINT0
PUOE	USI_TWO_WIRE	0	USI_TWO_WIRE
PUOV	0	0	0
DDOE	USI_TWO_WIRE	0	USI_TWO_WIRE
DDOV	(USI_SCL_HOLD + PORTB2) • DDB2	0	(SDA + PORTB0) • DDB0
I-PVOE	USI_TWO_WIRE • DDB2	OC0B Yenza + OC1A Yenza + USI_THREE_WIRE	OC0A Yenza + OC1A Yenza + (USI_TWO_WIRE DDB0)
I-PVOV	0	OC0B + OC1A + YENZA	OC0A + OC1A
PTOE	USITC	0	0
I-DIEOE	PCINT2 • PCIE + ADC1D + USISIE	PCINT1 • PCIE + AIN1D	PCINT0 • PCIE + AIN0D + USISIE
I-DIEOV	ADC1D	I-AIN1D	I-AIN0D
DI	T0/USCK/SCL/INT0/ PCINT2 Ungeniso	PCINT1 Ungeniso	Igalelo le-DI/SDA/PCINT0
AIO	Igalelo le-ADC1	Isifanisi se-Analog Igalelo elibi	Isifanisi se-Analog Positive Input

Inkcazo yerejista

I-MCUCR – Irejista yoLawulo lwe-MCU

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x35	BODS	I-PUD	SE	SM1	SM0	BODSE	ISC01	ISC00	MCUCR
Funda/Bhala	R	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Bit 6 – PUD: Tsala-up Khubaza

Xa le bit ibhaliwe kwenye, ukutsalwa-ups kwi-I/O kumazibuko kukhubaziwe nokuba i-DDxn kunye ne-PORTxn Iirejista ziqwalaselwe ukwenza ukutsala-ups ({DDxn, PORTxn} = 0b01). 'Yabona “Ukumisela iPini” kwiphepha 54 ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga noluphawu.

I-PORTB – Irejista yeDatha yePort B

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x18	–	–	I-PORTB5	I-PORTB4	I-PORTB3	I-PORTB2	I-PORTB1	I-PORTB0	PORTB
Funda/Bhala	R	R	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

I-DDRB – iRejista yeSikhokelo seDatha B

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x17	–	–	I-DDB5	I-DDB4	I-DDB3	I-DDB2	I-DDB1	I-DDB0	I-DDRB
Funda/Bhala	R	R	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

I-PINB – Idilesi yeZikhonkwane zeNjongo yeBhayi B

Kancinci	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
0x16	–	–	I-PINB5	I-PINB4	I-PINB3	I-PINB2	I-PINB1	I-PINB0	I-PINB
Funda/Bhala	R	R	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W	R/W
Ixabiso lokuqala	0	0	N / A	N / A	N / A	N / A	N / A	N / A

I-8-bit Timer/Counter0 ene-PWM

Iimbonakalo

IiYunithi ezimbini eziZimeleyo zokuthelekisa iziphumo

Iirejista eziPhuculweyo eziBahlulwe kabini

Cacisa isibali-xesha ekuthelekiseni umdlalo (uZikhuphele kwakhona)

I-Glitch Free, iSigaba esichanekileyo seModyuli yoBububanzi bePulse (PWM)

Ixesha eliguquguqukayo le-PWM

Rhoqo iGenerator

Imithombo emithathu eZimeleyo yoMphazamiseko (TOV0, OCF0A, kunye ne-OCF0B)

Ngaphezuluview

Isibali-xesha/i-Counter0 yinjongo eqhelekileyo ye-8-bit Timer/imodyuli ye-Counter, eneeYunithi ezimbini ezizimeleyo zokuthelekisa iSiphumo, kunye nenkxaso ye-PWM. Ivumela ixesha lokwenziwa kweprogram echanekileyo (ulawulo lwesiganeko) kunye nokuveliswa kwamaza.

Umzobo webhloko owenziwe lula we-8-bit Timer/Counter ubonisiwe kuyo Umfanekiso 11-1. Ukubekwa kwezikhonkwane ze-I/O, bhekisa ku “Pinout ATtiny25/45/85” kwiphepha 2. I-CPU efikelelekayo Iirejista ze-I/O, ezibandakanya ii-bits ze-I/O kunye nezikhonkwane ze-I/O, ziboniswe ngokungqindilili. Isixhobo-irejista ye-I/O kunye neendawo zebit zidweliswe kwi “Ingcaciso yoBhaliso” kwiphepha 77.

I-Timer / Counter (TCNT0) kunye neeRejista zokuThengisa iPhulo (i-OCR0A kunye ne-OCR0B) ziirejista ze-8-bit. Ukuphazamisa isicelo (eshunqulelwe kwi-Int.Req. emfanekisweni) imiqondiso yonke ibonakala kwiRejista yeSibali-xesha sokuPhazamisa iflegi (TIFR). Zonke iziphazamiso zigqunywe ngokukodwa kunye neRejista yeTimer Interrupt Mask Register (TIMSK). I-TIFR kunye ne-TIMSK aziboniswanga kumzobo.

Isibali-xesha/Ikhawuntari inokuvalwa ngaphakathi, nge-prescaler, okanye ngomthombo wewotshi yangaphandle kwi-T0 pin. IClock Khetha ibhloko yengqiqo ilawula ukuba yeyiphi imvelaphi yewotshi kunye nomphetho weSibali-xesha/Isibali esisisebenzisayo ukunyusa (okanye ukuthoba) ixabiso layo. Isibali-xesha/Ikhawuntasi ayisebenzi xa kungekho mthombo wewotshi ukhethiweyo. Imveliso esuka kwiNdlela yokuKhetha ikloko kubhekiswa kuyo njengekloko yesibali-xesha (clkT0).

IiRejista zokuQhathanisa iMphumo eziphindwe kabini (i-OCR0A kunye ne-OCR0B) zithelekiswa nexabiso leSibali-xesha/seSibali ngawo onke amaxesha. Isiphumo sokuthelekisa sinokusetyenziswa yi-Waveform Generator ukuvelisa i-PWM okanye imveliso eguquguqukayo ye-frequency output kwi-Output Compare pins (OC0A kunye ne-OC0B). Jonga “iYunithi yokuthelekisa imveliso” kwiphepha lama-69. ngeenkcukacha. Umnyhadala wokuthelekisa umsitho uya kuphinda usete iFlegi yokuthelekisa (i-OCF0A okanye i-OCF0B) enokuthi isetyenziswe ukwenza isicelo sophazamiseko sokuthelekisa isiphumo.

Iingcaciso

Uninzi lwerejista kunye neereferensi ezincinci kweli candelo zibhalwe ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Unobumba omncinci "n" uthatha indawo yeTimer/Counter number, kulo mzekelo 0. Unobumba omncinci "x" uthatha indawo yeYunithi yokuthelekisa isiphumo, kule meko Thelekisa iYunithi A okanye Thelekisa iYunithi B. Nangona kunjalo, xa usebenzisa irejista okanye ibhithi ichaza kwiprogram, ifom echanekileyo kufuneka isetyenziswe, okt, i-TCNT0 yokufikelela kwi-Timer / Counter0 ixabiso lekhawuntara njalo njalo.

Iinkcazelo kwi Uluhlu 11-1 zikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulo lonke uxwebhu.

Uluhlu 11-1. Iingcaciso

rhoqo	Inkcazo
PHANTSI	Ikhawuntara ifika e-BOTTOM xa iba ngu-0x00
MAX	I-counter ifikelela ku-MAXImum yayo xa iba yi-0xFF (idesimali engama-255)
PHEZULU	Ikhawuntara ifikelela kwi-TOP xa ilingana nelona xabiso liphezulu kulandelelwano lokubala. Ixabiso le-TOP linokwabelwa ukuba libe yi-fixed value 0xFF (MAX) okanye ixabiso eligcinwe kwi-OCR0A Register. Isabelo sixhomekeke kwindlela yokusebenza

Ixesha / Ikhawuntara ye-Prescaler kunye neMithombo yeClock

Isibali-xesha/Ikhawuntari sinokuvalwa ngumthombo wewotshi yangaphakathi okanye yangaphandle. Umthombo wewotshi ukhethwa yiNdlela yokuKhetha ikloko elawulwa yiClock Khetha (c) amasuntswana abekwe kwiSibali-xesha/Counter0 Control Register (TCCR0B).

Umthombo weClock yangaphakathi kunye nePrescaler

I-Timer/Counter0 inokuvalwa ngokuthe ngqo yiwotshi yesixokelelwano (ngokusetha i-CS0[2:0] = 1). Oku kubonelela ngowona msebenzi ukhawulezayo, ngowona maxesha obuninzi bexesha/ikhawuntara yewotshi elingana nenkqubo yewotshi frequency (fCLK_I/O). Kungenjalo, enye yeempompo ezine ukusuka kwi-prescaler ingasetyenziswa njengomthombo wewotshi. Iwotshi esele inqunyanyisiwe inezandi zeyiphi na

Ukuseta kwakhona i-Prescaler

I-prescaler iyasebenza simahla, oko kukuthi, isebenza ngokuzimeleyo kweClock Khetha ingqiqo yeTimer/Counter0. Kuba isikali sangaphambili singachatshazelwa sisibali-xesha/sekhawuntari yewotshi ekhethiweyo, imeko yesikali sangaphambili siya kuba neempembelelo kwiimeko apho kusetyenziswa iwotshi ekalikelwe ngaphambili. Omnye example ye-artifact yangaphambili kuxa isibali-xesha/ikhawuntara yenziwe yaza yavalwa sisisele sangaphambili (6 > CS0[2:0] > 1). Inani lemijikelo yewotshi yesixokelelwano ukusuka xa isibali-xesha sivuliwe ukubala kokuqala okwenzekayo kunokusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-N+1 kwimijikelo yewotshi yenkqubo, apho u-N elingana ne-prescaler divisor (8, 64, 256, okanye 1024).

Kuyenzeka ukusebenzisa i Prescaler Reset ungqamaniso lwe Timer/Counter kuphunyezo lwenkqubo.

Umthombo wewotshi yangaphandle

Umthombo wewotshi yangaphandle esetyenziswe kwi-T0 pin ingasetyenziswa njenge-timer / clock clock (clkT0). Iphini ye-T0 ngu-sampikhokelwe kanye kumjikelo wewotshi yenkqubo nge logic yongqamaniso lwepin. Ungqamaniso (sampled) umqondiso uyagqithiswa

ngokusebenzisa umtshini wokuphela. Umfanekiso 11-2 ibonisa umzobo webhloko osebenza ngokulinganayo wongqamaniso lwe-T0 kunye nengqiqo yomtshini we-edge. Iirejista zivaliwe kumda ovumayo wewotshi yenkqubo yangaphakathi (clkI/O). I-latch iyabonakala kwixesha eliphezulu lewotshi yenkqubo yangaphakathi.

I-edge detector yenza i-clkT0 pulse enye kwi-positive nganye (CS0 [2: 0] = 7) okanye i-negative (CS0 [2: 0] = 6) edge iyayifumanisa.

IiRejista ze-OCR0x zixhaphake kabini xa usebenzisa naziphi na iindlela zoModuli wePulse Width Modulation (PWM). Kwindlela yesiqhelo kunye neCacileyo yeSibali-xesha ekuthelekiseni (i-CTC) iindlela zokusebenza, ibuffering kabini ivaliwe. I-double buffering ingqamanisa uhlaziyo lwe-OCR0x Thelekisa iirejista ukuya phezulu okanye ezantsi kolandelelwano lokubala. Ungqamaniso lunqanda ukwenzeka kobude obumnqakathi, i-PWM pulses engalinganiyo, ngaloo ndlela yenza imveliso ingabinangxaki.

Ukufikelela kwiRejista ye-OCR0x kunokubonakala kunzima, kodwa oku akunjalo. Xa i-buffering ephindwe kabini yenziwe, i-CPU inokufikelela kwiRejista ye-OCR0x yeBuffer, kwaye ukuba ukuphinda kabini kuvaliwe i-CPU iya kufikelela kwi-OCR0x ngokuthe ngqo.

Nyanzelisa Isiphumo Thelekisa

Kwiindlela zokuvelisa i-waveform engeyiyo ye-PWM, imveliso yomdlalo womthelekisi inokunyanzeliswa ngokubhala enye kwi-Force Output Compare (FOC0x) bit. Ukunyanzelela Thelekisa uMatshisi akuyi kucwangcisa iflegi ye-OC0x okanye ukulayisha kwakhona/ukucima isibali-xesha, kodwa iqhosha le-OC0x liza kuhlaziywa ngokungathi uMatshisi wokwenyani wenzekile (i-COM0x[1:0] izicwangciso zamasuntswana zichaza ukuba i-OC0x pin isetiwe, icinyiwe. okanye iguqulwe).

Thelekisa ukuVinjwa komdlalo nge-TCNT0 Bhala

Yonke imisebenzi yokubhala ye-CPU kwiRejista ye-TCNT0 iya kuvala nayiphi na i-Compare Match eyenzeka kumjikelo wewotshi yexesha elizayo, nokuba isibali-xesha simisiwe. Eli nqaku livumela i-OCR0x ukuba iqalwe kwixabiso elifanayo njenge-TCNT0 ngaphandle kokwenza uphazamiseko xa i-Timer/Counter clock yenziwe yasebenza.

Ukusebenzisa iYunithi yokuThengisa iPhulo

Ukusukela ekubhaleni i-TCNT0 kuyo nayiphi na indlela yokusebenza iya kuvala yonke i-Compares Matches kumjikelo wewotshi enye, kukho imingcipheko ebandakanyekayo xa utshintsha i-TCNT0 xa usebenzisa i-Output Compare Unit, ngokuzimeleyo nokuba i-Timer/Counter iyasebenza okanye hayi. Ukuba ixabiso elibhaliweyo kwi-TCNT0 lilingana nexabiso le-OCR0x, i-Compare Match iya kuphoswa, ibangele ukuveliswa kwe-waveform engalunganga. Ngokufanayo, musa ukubhala ixabiso le-TCNT0 elilingana ne-BOTTOM xa i-counter ibala ezantsi.

Ukucwangciswa kwe-OC0x kufuneka kwenziwe phambi kokuseta iRejista yoMkhombandlela weDatha ukuze iphini lezibuko liphume. Eyona ndlela ilula yokuseta ixabiso le-OC0x kukusebenzisa i-Force Output Compare (FOC0x) bits yestrobe kwimo yesiqhelo. Iirejista ze-OC0x zigcina amaxabiso azo nangona zitshintsha phakathi kweendlela ze-Waveform Generation.

Qaphela ukuba i-COM0x[1:0] amasuntswana awakhuselwanga kabini kunye nexabiso lokuthelekisa. Ukutshintsha i-COM0x[1:0] bits kuya kusebenza ngokukhawuleza.

Thelekisa iYunithi yeZiphumo ezihambelanayo

Thelekisa iMowudi yeSiphumo (COM0x[1:0]) amasuntswana anemisebenzi emibini. I-Waveform Generator isebenzisa i-COM0x [1: 0] bits ekuchazeni i-Output Compare (OC0x) imo kwi-Compare Metch elandelayo. Kwakhona, i-COM0x[1:0] amasuntswana alawula umthombo wemveliso we-OC0x. Umfanekiso 11-6 ibonisa isicwangciso esenziwe lula sengqiqo echatshazelwa yi-COM0x[1:0] bit setting. Iirejista ze-I/O, iibhithi ze-I/O, kunye nezikhonkwane ze-I/O kumzobo ziboniswe ngqindilili. Kuphela iinxalenye zeerejista ze-I / O zePort Control (DDR kunye ne-PORT) ezichaphazelekayo yi-COM0x [1: 0] bits zibonisiwe. Xa ubhekisa kwimo ye-OC0x, ireferensi yeyeRejista yangaphakathi ye-OC0x, hayi i-OC0x pin. Ukuba ukusetwa kwakhona kwesixokelelwano kwenzeka, iRejista ye-OC0x iphinda isetwe ku-"0".

Xa i-OC0A/OC0B iqhagamshelwe kwi-I/O pin, umsebenzi we-COM0A [1:0]/COM0B[1:0] amasuntswana axhomekeke kwi-WGM0 [2:0] yokusetwa kwebit. Uluhlu 11-2 ibonisa i-COM0x[1:0] bit functionality xa i-WGM0[2:0] bits imiselwe kwimo yesiqhelo okanye ye-CTC (engeyo-PWM).

Uluhlu 11-2. Thelekisa iMowudi yokuPhuma, iMowudi engeyiyo eye-PWM

I-COM0A1 COM0B1	I-COM0A0 COM0B0	Inkcazo
0	0	Ukusebenza kwezibuko okuqhelekileyo, i-OC0A/OC0B iqhawulwe.
0	1	Guqula i-OC0A/OC0B kuThelekisa uMatshisi
1	0	Cacisa i-OC0A/OC0B ekuthelekiseni umdlalo
1	1	Seta i-OC0A/OC0B kuMatshisi wokuthelekisa

Uluhlu 11-3 ibonisa i-COM0x[1:0] bit functionality xa i-WGM0[2:0] bits imiselwe kwimo ekhawulezayo ye-PWM.

Uluhlu 11-3. Thelekisa iMowudi yokuPhuma, iMowudi yePWM ekhawulezayo(1)

I-COM0A1 COM0B1	I-COM0A0 COM0B0	Inkcazo
0	0	Ukusebenza kwezibuko okuqhelekileyo, i-OC0A/OC0B iqhawulwe.
0	1	Igciniwe
1	0	Cacisa i-OC0A/OC0B kuThelekisa uMtshazo, setha i-OC0A/OC0B eBOTTOM (imowudi engaguqukiyo)
1	1	Seta i-OC0A/OC0B kuThelekisa uMatshisi, cima i-OC0A/OC0B e-BOTTOM (imo yokuguqula)

Qaphela: Imeko ekhethekileyo yenzeke xa i-OCR0A okanye i-OCR0B ilingana ne-TOP kunye ne-COM0A1/COM0B1 iseti. Kule meko, uthelekiso lokuthelekisa aluhoywa, kodwa iseti okanye ukucaca kwenziwa eBOTTOM. 'Yabona “Imowudi ekhawulezayo ye-PWM” kwiphepha lama-73 iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

Uluhlu 11-4 ibonisa i-COM0x[1:0] bit functionality xa i-WGM0[2:0] bits imiselwe kwisigaba esichanekileyo semowudi ye-PWM.

Uluhlu 11-4. Thelekisa iMowudi yokuPhuma, iMowudi ye-PWM yeSigaba esiLungileyo(1)

I-COM0A1 COM0B1	I-COM0A0 COM0B0	Inkcazo
0	0	Ukusebenza kwezibuko okuqhelekileyo, i-OC0A/OC0B iqhawulwe.
0	1	Igciniwe
1	0	Cacisa i-OC0A/OC0B kuThelekisa uMatshisi xa ubalwa phezulu. Seta OC0A/OC0B kuThelekisa uMatshisi xa uhla-ubala.
1	1	Seta OC0A/OC0B kuThelekisa uMatshisi xa ubalwa phezulu. Cacisa i-OC0A/OC0B kuThelekisa uMatshisi xa kubalwa ukwehla.

Qaphela: 1. Ityala elilodwa lenzeka xa i-OCR0A okanye i-OCR0B ilingana ne-TOP kunye ne-COM0A1/COM0B1 iseti. Kule meko, i-Compare Match ayihoywa, kodwa iseti okanye ecacileyo yenziwa kwi-TOP. 'Yabona “Inqanaba elichanekileyo leMowudi ye-PWM” kwiphepha lama-74 iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

Amasuntswana 3:2-Res: Amasuntswana agciniweyo

Ezi bits zigcinwe kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 kwaye ziya kuhlala zifundeka njengo-zero.

Amasuntswana 1:0 - WGM0[1:0]: Imo yeSizukulwana seWaveform

Idityaniswe ne-WGM02 bit efunyenwe kwiRejista ye-TCCR0B, ezi bits zilawula ulandelelwano lokubala lwe-counter, umthombo wexabiso eliphezulu (TOP) le-counter value, kwaye luhlobo luni lwesizukulwana se-waveform esiza kusetyenziswa, bona Uluhlu 11-5. Iindlela zokusebenza ezixhaswa yiyunithi ye-Timer/Counter zezi: Imo yesiqhelo (ikhawuntara), iSibali-xesha esicacileyo sokuthelekisa (i-CTC) imowudi, kunye neentlobo ezimbini zeendlela zoModuli wePulse Width (PWM) (bona "Iindlela zokuSebenza" kwiphepha 71).

Uluhlu 11-5. INkcazelo yeBit yeMowudi yesiZukulwana seWaveform

Imowudi	WGM 02	WGM 01	WGM 00	Isibali-xesha/iNdlela yokuBala yokuSebenza	PHEZULU	Uhlaziyo lwe-OCRx kwi	TOV iflegi Misela
0	0	0	0	Okuqhelekileyo	0xFF	Ngoko nangoko	MAX(1)
1	0	0	1	PWM, iSigaba esichanekileyo	0xFF	PHEZULU	PHANTSI(2)
2	0	1	0	I-CTC	I-OCRA	Ngoko nangoko	MAX(1)
3	0	1	1	I-PWM ekhawulezayo	0xFF	PHANTSI(2)	MAX(1)
4	1	0	0	Igciniwe	–	–	–
5	1	0	1	PWM, iSigaba esichanekileyo	I-OCRA	PHEZULU	PHANTSI(2)
6	1	1	0	Igciniwe	–	–	–
7	1	1	1	I-PWM ekhawulezayo	I-OCRA	PHANTSI(2)	PHEZULU

Bit 7 – FOC0A: Force Output Thelekisa A

I-FOC0A bit isebenza kuphela xa i-WGM bits ikhankanya indlela engeyiyo ye-PWM.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nezixhobo ezizayo, le bitana kufuneka imiselwe ku-zero xa i-TCCR0B ibhalwa xa isebenza kwimo ye-PWM. Xa ubhala enye enengqiqo kwi-FOC0A bit, i-Compare Match ekhawulezayo inyanzelekile kwiyunithi ye-Waveform Generation. Isiphumo se-OC0A sitshintshwa ngokwe-COM0A [1:0] yayo ye-bits setting. Qaphela ukuba i-FOC0A bit iphunyezwa njenge-strobe. Ngoko ke ixabiso elikhoyo kwi-COM0A [1: 0] bits emisela umphumo wokuthelekisa okunyanzeliswayo.

I-FOC0A strobe ayiyi kuvelisa naluphi na ukuphazamiseka, kwaye ayiyi kucima isibali-xesha kwimodi ye-CTC isebenzisa i-OCR0A njenge-TOP. I-FOC0A bit ihlala ifundwa njengo-zero.

Bit 6 – FOC0B: Force Output Thelekisa B

I-bit ye-FOC0B isebenza kuphela xa i-WGM bits ikhankanya indlela engeyiyo ye-PWM.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nezixhobo ezizayo, le bitana kufuneka imiselwe ku-zero xa i-TCCR0B ibhalwa xa isebenza kwimo ye-PWM. Xa ubhala ingqiqo kwi-bit ye-FOC0B, i-Compare Match ekhawulezayo inyanzelekile kwiyunithi ye-Waveform Generation. Isiphumo se-OC0B sitshintshwa ngokwe-COM0B [1:0] yayo i-bits setting. Qaphela ukuba i-FOC0B bit iphunyezwa njengestrobe. Ngoko ke ixabiso elikhoyo kwi-COM0B [1: 0] bits emisela umphumo wokuthelekisa okunyanzeliswayo.

Istrobe ye-FOC0B ayiyi kuvelisa nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka, kwaye ayiyi kucima isibali-xesha kwimo ye-CTC isebenzisa i-OCR0B njenge-TOP.

I-bit ye-FOC0B ihlala ifundwa njengo-zero.

Amasuntswana 5:4-Res: Amasuntswana agciniweyo

Ezi bits zigcinwe kwi-ATtiny25/45/85 kwaye ziya kuhlala zifundeka njengo-zero.

Bit 3 - WGM02: Imowudi yesiZukulwana seWaveform

Bona inkcazo kwi “TCCR0A – Isibali-xesha/iRejista yoLawulo lweCounter A” kwiphepha lama-77.

Amasuntswana 2:0 – CS0[2:0]: Khetha iwotshi

Iibhithi ezintathu zeClock Khetha umthombo wewotshi oza kusetyenziswa sisibali-xesha/isibali.

Uluhlu 11-6. Ikloko Khetha iNkcazo yeBit

CS02	CS01	CS00	Inkcazo
0	0	0	Akukho mthombo wewotshi (Isibali-xesha/Ikhawuntasi simisiwe)
0	0	1	clkI/O/(Akukho sikali)
0	1	0	clkI/O/8 (Ukusuka kwi-prescaler)
0	1	1	clkI/O/64 (Ukusuka kwi-prescaler)
1	0	0	clkI/O/256 (Ukusuka kwi-prescaler)
1	0	1	clkI/O/1024 (Ukusuka kwi-prescaler)
1	1	0	Umthombo wewotshi yangaphandle kwi-T0 pin. Iwotshi ekuweni.
1	1	1	Umthombo wewotshi yangaphandle kwi-T0 pin. Ikloko kumphetho onyukayo.

Ukuba iindlela ze-pin zangaphandle zisetyenziselwa i-Timer/Counter0, iinguqu kwi-T0 pin ziya kuvala ikhawunta nokuba iphini iqwalaselwe njengemveliso. Olu phawu luvumela ulawulo lwesoftware yokubala.

Ikhawuntara kunye nokuthelekisa iiYunithi

Umsebenzi we-Timer/Counter1 jikelele uchazwe kwimowudi engavumelaniyo kunye nokusebenza kwimowudi ye-synchronous ikhankanyiwe kuphela ukuba kukho umahluko phakathi kwezi ndlela zimbini. Umfanekiso 12-2 ibonisa iSibali-xesha/i-Counter 1 yongqamaniso lwebloko yedayagram kunye nokulibaziseka kongqamaniso phakathi kweerejista. Qaphela ukuba zonke iinkcukacha zokufumana iwotshi aziboniswanga emfanekisweni. Amaxabiso erejista yeTimer/Counter1 adlula kwiirejista zongqamaniso zangaphakathi, ezibangela ukulibaziseka kongqamaniso lwegalelo, ngaphambi kokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwekhawuntari. Iirejista ze-TCCR1, GTCCR, OCR1A, OCR1B, kunye ne-OCR1C zinokufundwa emva nje kokubhala irejista. Amaxabiso okufunda emva alibazisekile kwirejista yeTimer/Counter1 (TCNT1) kunye neeflegi (OCF1A, OCF1B, kunye neTOV1), ngenxa yegalelo kunye nongqamaniso oluphumayo.

Isibali-xesha/i-Counter1 inesisombululo esiphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye namathuba asezantsi okulinganisa. Iyakwazi ukuxhasa ezimbini ezichanekileyo, isantya esiphezulu, i-8-bit Pulse Width Modulators usebenzisa isantya sewotshi ukuya kwi-64 MHz (okanye i-32 MHz kwiModi yesantya esiphantsi). Kule mowudi, iTimer/Counter1 kunye neerejista zokuthelekisa iziphumo zisebenza njengee-PWM ezimbini ezizimeleyo ezineziphumo ezingagungqiyo ezingaguqukiyo nezijikiweyo. Ibhekisele ku iphepha 86 kwingcaciso eneenkcukacha kulo msebenzi. Ngokufanayo, amathuba aphezulu okulinganisa enza le yunithi ibe luncedo kwimisebenzi yesantya esisezantsi okanye imisebenzi yexesha elichanekileyo kunye nezenzo ezingaqhelekanga.

Umfanekiso 12-2. Isibali-xesha/Ikhawuntara yoku-1 yongqamaniso lweBlock Diagram.

Isibali-xesha/i-Counter1 kunye ne-prescaler ivumela ukusebenzisa i-CPU kuwo nawuphi na umthombo wewotshi ngelixa i-prescaler isebenza kwi-64 MHz ekhawulezayo (okanye i-32 MHz kwiMowudi yesantya esiphantsi) iwotshi ye-PCK kwimowudi esynchronous.

Qaphela ukuba i-frequency yewotshi yenkqubo kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwesinye kwisithathu se-PCK rhoqo. Indlela yongqamaniso yeTimer/Counter1 engahambelaniyo idinga ubuncinci imiphetho emibini yePCK xa iwotshi yenkqubo iphezulu. Ukuba i-frequency yewotshi yenkqubo iphezulu kakhulu, yingozi yokuba idatha okanye amaxabiso okulawula alahlekile.

Ezilandelayo Umfanekiso 12-3 ibonisa umzobo webhloko weTimer/Counter1.

Uluhlu 12-1. Thelekisa iMowudi yokukhetha kwiMowudi ye-PWM

I-COM1x1	I-COM1x0	Isiphumo kwiSiphumo Thelekisa izikhonkwane
0	0	I-OC1x ayidityaniswanga. I-OC1x ayidityaniswanga.
0	1	I-OC1x icinyiwe kumdlalo wokuthelekisa. Misela niniTCNT1 = $00. I-OC1x iseti kumdlalo wokuthelekisa. Icinywe xa TCNT1 = $00.
1	0	I-OC1x icinyiwe kumdlalo wokuthelekisa. Misela xa TCNT1 = $00. I-OC1x ayidityaniswanga.
1	1	OC1x Misela kumdlalo wokuthelekisa. Icinywe xa TCNT1= $00. I-OC1x ayidityaniswanga.

Iimpawu ze-ADC

Uluhlu lwama-21-8. Iimpawu ze-ADC, iiChaneli eziPhelile eziNye. TA = -40°C ukuya +85°C

Uphawu	Ipharamitha	Imeko	Min	Chwetheza	Max	Iiyunithi
	Isigqibo				10	Amasuntswana
	Ukuchaneka ngokupheleleyo (Kubandakanya i-INL, i-DNL, kunye ne-Quantization, i-Gain and Offset errors)	VREF = 4V, VCC = 4V, Iwotshi ye-ADC = 200 kHz		2		LSB
		VREF = 4V, VCC = 4V, iwotshi ye-ADC = 1 MHz		3		LSB
		VREF = 4V, VCC = 4V, Iwotshi ye-ADC = 200 kHz Imo yokuNcitshiswa kwengxolo		1.5		LSB
		VREF = 4V, VCC = 4V, iwotshi ye-ADC = 1 MHz Imo yokuNcitshiswa kwengxolo		2.5		LSB
	I-Integral Non-linearity (INL) (Ukuchaneka emva kokulinganisa kunye nokufumana ukulinganisa)	VREF = 4V, VCC = 4V, Iwotshi ye-ADC = 200 kHz		1		LSB
	Umahluko Non-linearity (DNL)	VREF = 4V, VCC = 4V, Iwotshi ye-ADC = 200 kHz		0.5		LSB
	Impazamo yokufumana	VREF = 4V, VCC = 4V, Iwotshi ye-ADC = 200 kHz		2.5		LSB
	Imposiso Yokulinganisa	VREF = 4V, VCC = 4V, Iwotshi ye-ADC = 200 kHz		1.5		LSB
	Ixesha lokuGuqulwa	Uguqulo olusebenzayo lwasimahla	14		280	.s
	Ixesha leClock		50		1000	kHz
VIN	Igalelo Voltage		GND		VREF	V
	Uluhlu Lweengeniso			38.4		kHz
I-AREF	iReferensi yaNgaphandle Voltage		2.0		VCC	V
I-VINT	IVol yangaphakathitage Isalathiso		1.0	1.1	1.2	V
I-VINT	Ngaphakathi 2.56V Reference (1)	VCC > 3.0V	2.3	2.56	2.8	V
RREF				32		kΩ
IMVULA	Ukunyangwa kweNgeniso ye-Analog			100		MΩ
	Iziphumo ze-ADC		0		1023	LSB

Qaphela: 1. Iinqobo ezisemgangathweni zizikhokelo kuphela.

Uluhlu lwama-21-9. Iimpawu ze-ADC, iiChaneli ezahlukeneyo (iMode ye-Unipolar). TA = -40°C ukuya +85°C

Uphawu	Ipharamitha	Imeko	Min	Chwetheza	Max	Iiyunithi
	Isigqibo	Inzuzo = 1x			10	Amasuntswana
	Isigqibo	Inzuzo = 20x			10	Amasuntswana
	Ukuchaneka ngokupheleleyo (Kubandakanya INL, DNL, kunye Ubungakanani, ukuNgena kunye neempazamo ze-Offset)	Inzuzo = 1x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		10.0		LSB
		Inzuzo = 20x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		20.0		LSB
	I-Integral Non-Linearity (INL) (Ukuchaneka emva kwe-Offset kunye ne-Gain Calibration)	Inzuzo = 1x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		4.0		LSB
		Inzuzo = 20x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		10.0		LSB
	Impazamo yokufumana	Inzuzo = 1x		10.0		LSB
	Impazamo yokufumana	Inzuzo = 20x		15.0		LSB
	Imposiso Yokulinganisa	Inzuzo = 1x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		3.0		LSB
	Imposiso Yokulinganisa	Inzuzo = 20x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		4.0		LSB
	Ixesha lokuGuqulwa	Uguqulo olusebenzayo lwasimahla	70		280	.s
	Ixesha leClock		50		200	kHz
VIN	Igalelo Voltage		GND		VCC	V
VDIFF	Igalelo Umahluko Voltage				VREF/Gain	V
	Uluhlu Lweengeniso			4		kHz
I-AREF	iReferensi yaNgaphandle Voltage		2.0		I-VCC - 1.0	V
I-VINT	IVol yangaphakathitage Isalathiso		1.0	1.1	1.2	V
I-VINT	Ngaphakathi 2.56V Reference (1)	VCC > 3.0V	2.3	2.56	2.8	V
RREF	Uchaso lweNgeniso yeReferensi			32		kΩ
IMVULA	Ukunyangwa kweNgeniso ye-Analog			100		MΩ
	Isiphumo soGuqulo se-ADC		0		1023	LSB

Qaphela: Amaxabiso zizikhokelo kuphela.

Uluhlu lwama-21-10. Iimpawu ze-ADC, iiChaneli ezahlukeneyo (iModi yeBipolar). TA = -40°C ukuya +85°C

Uphawu	Ipharamitha	Imeko	Min	Chwetheza	Max	Iiyunithi
	Isigqibo	Inzuzo = 1x			10	Amasuntswana
	Isigqibo	Inzuzo = 20x			10	Amasuntswana
	Ukuchaneka ngokupheleleyo (Kubandakanya INL, DNL, kunye Ubungakanani, ukuNgena kunye neempazamo ze-Offset)	Inzuzo = 1x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		8.0		LSB
		Inzuzo = 20x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		8.0		LSB
	I-Integral Non-Linearity (INL) (Ukuchaneka emva kwe-Offset kunye ne-Gain Calibration)	Inzuzo = 1x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		4.0		LSB
		Inzuzo = 20x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		5.0		LSB
	Impazamo yokufumana	Inzuzo = 1x		4.0		LSB
	Impazamo yokufumana	Inzuzo = 20x		5.0		LSB
	Imposiso Yokulinganisa	Inzuzo = 1x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		3.0		LSB
	Imposiso Yokulinganisa	Inzuzo = 20x VREF = 4V, VCC = 5V Iwotshi ye-ADC = 50 - 200 kHz		4.0		LSB
	Ixesha lokuGuqulwa	Uguqulo olusebenzayo lwasimahla	70		280	.s
	Ixesha leClock		50		200	kHz
VIN	Igalelo Voltage		GND		VCC	V
VDIFF	Igalelo Umahluko Voltage				VREF/Gain	V
	Uluhlu Lweengeniso			4		kHz
I-AREF	iReferensi yaNgaphandle Voltage		2.0		I-VCC - 1.0	V
I-VINT	IVol yangaphakathitage Isalathiso		1.0	1.1	1.2	V
I-VINT	Ngaphakathi 2.56V Reference (1)	VCC > 3.0V	2.3	2.56	2.8	V
RREF	Uchaso lweNgeniso yeReferensi			32		kΩ
IMVULA	Ukunyangwa kweNgeniso ye-Analog			100		MΩ
	Isiphumo soGuqulo se-ADC		-512		511	LSB

Umyalelo Seta Isishwankathelo

I-Mnemonics	Ii-operands	Inkcazo	Ukusebenza	Iiflegi	#Iiwotshi
I-ARITHMETIC KUNYE NEMIYALELO YOQINISEKISO
YONZA	Rd, Rr	Yongeza ezimbini iirejista	Rd ← Rd + Rr	Z,C,N,V,H	1
ADC	Rd, Rr	Yongeza kunye Carry iirejista ezimbini	Rd ← Rd + Rr + C	Z,C,N,V,H	1
ADIW	Rdl, K	Yongeza ngoko nangoko kwiLizwi	Rdh:Rdl ← Rdh:Rdl + K	Z,C,N,V,S	2
I-SUB	Rd, Rr	Thabatha iirejista ezimbini	Rd ← Rd – Rr	Z,C,N,V,H	1
I-SUBI	Rd, K	Thabatha rhoqo kwirejista	Rd ← Rd – K	Z,C,N,V,H	1
SBC	Rd, Rr	Thabatha ngeThatha iirejista ezimbini	Rd ← Rd – Rr – C	Z,C,N,V,H	1
SBCI	Rd, K	Thabatha ngeCarry Constant kwiReg.	Rd ← Rd – K – C	Z,C,N,V,H	1
SBIW	Rdl, K	Khupha Kwangoko kwiLizwi	I-Rdh:Rdl ← I-Rdh:Rdl – K	Z,C,N,V,S	2
KUNYE	Rd, Rr	Ingqiqo KUNYE neerejista	Rd ← Rd ∙ Rr	Z,N,V	1
KWAYE NAM	Rd, K	Ingqiqo KUNYE nerejista kwaye rhoqo	Rd ← Rd ∙ K	Z,N,V	1
OR	Rd, Rr	Ingqiqo OKANYE Iirejista	Rd ← Rd v Rr	Z,N,V	1
ORI	Rd, K	Ngengqiqo OKANYE Bhalisa kwaye rhoqo	Rd ← Rd v K	Z,N,V	1
EOR	Rd, Rr	Ezikhethekileyo OKANYE Iirejista	Rd ← Rd ⊕ Rr	Z,N,V	1
COM	Rd	Umphelelisi omnye	Rd ← 0xFF − Rd	Z,C,N,V	1
NEG	Rd	Ukuphelelisa ezimbini	Rd ← 0x00 − Rd	Z,C,N,V,H	1
SBR	Rd,K	Seta amasuntswana kwiRejista	Rd ← Rd v K	Z,N,V	1
CBR	Rd,K	Sula amasuntswana kwiRejista	Rd ← Rd ∙ (0xFF – K)	Z,N,V	1
INC	Rd	Ukwanda	Rd ← Rd + 1	Z,N,V	1
DEC	Rd	Ukuhlawula	Rd ← Rd − 1	Z,N,V	1
TST	Rd	Uvavanyo lweZero okanye Minus	Rd ← Rd ∙ Rd	Z,N,V	1
I-CLR	Rd	Sula irejista	Rd ← Rd ⊕ Rd	Z,N,V	1
I-SER	Rd	Seta iRejista	Rd ← 0xFF	Akukho nanye	1
IMIYALELO YESEBE
RJMP	k	I-Relative Jump	I-PC ← I-PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	2
IJMP		Tsibela ngokungathanga ngqo ku-(Z)	I-PC ← Z	Akukho nanye	2
UBIZELE	k	Isihlobo soMnxeba weNkqubela	I-PC ← I-PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	3
NDIYABIZA		Umnxeba ongathanga ngqo ku (Z)	I-PC ← Z	Akukho nanye	3
I-RET		UkuBuyiselwa kweNdlela engaphantsi	I-PC ← STACK	Akukho nanye	4
IRETI		Ukuphazamisa ukuBuyisa	I-PC ← STACK	I	4
I-CPSE	Rd,Rr	Thelekisa, Tsiba ukuba kuyalingana	ukuba (Rd = Rr) PC ← PC + 2 okanye 3	Akukho nanye	1/2/3
CP	Rd,Rr	Thelekisa	Rd − Rr	Z, N,V,C,H	1
CPC	Rd,Rr	Thelekisa neCarry	Rd − Rr − C	Z, N,V,C,H	1
CPI	Rd,K	Thelekisa uBhaliso noKhawulezayo	Rd − K	Z, N,V,C,H	1
I-SBRC	Rr, b	Tsiba ukuba iBit kwiRejista Icinyiwe	ukuba (Rr(b)=0) PC ← PC + 2 okanye 3	Akukho nanye	1/2/3
SBRS	Rr, b	Tsiba ukuba iBit kwiRejista isetiwe	ukuba (Rr(b)=1) PC ← PC + 2 okanye 3	Akukho nanye	1/2/3
SBIC	P, b	Tsiba ukuba iBit kwiRejista ye-I/O Icinyiwe	ukuba (P(b)=0) iPC ← iPC + 2 okanye 3	Akukho nanye	1/2/3
I-SBIS	P, b	Tsiba ukuba iBit kwirejista ye-I/O isetiwe	ukuba (P(b)=1) iPC ← iPC + 2 okanye 3	Akukho nanye	1/2/3
BRBS	s, k	Isebe ukuba Isimo seeflegi Seti	ukuba (SREG(s) = 1) ngoko PC←PC+k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
BRBC	s, k	Isebe ukuba iflegi yesimo isusiwe	ukuba (SREG(s) = 0) ngoko PC←PC+k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
I-BREQ	k	Isebe ukuba Lilingana	ukuba (Z = 1) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
BRNE	k	Isebe ukuba alilingani	ukuba (Z = 0) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
I-BRCS	k	Isebe ukuba Carry Set	ukuba (C = 1) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
I-BRCC	k	Isebe ukuba lithwele lisusiwe	ukuba (C = 0) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
IBRSH	k	Isebe ukuba liyafana okanye liPhezulu	ukuba (C = 0) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
I-BRLO	k	Isebe ukuba liPhantsi	ukuba (C = 1) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
I-BRMI	k	Isebe ukuba Susa	ukuba (N = 1) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
BRPL	k	Isebe ukuba Plus	ukuba (N = 0) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
BRGE	k	Isebe ukuba likhulu okanye liyalingana, Lisayinwe	ukuba (N ⊕ V= 0) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
I-BRLT	k	Isebe ukuba lingaphantsi kunoziro, Lisayiniwe	ukuba (N ⊕ V= 1) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
BRHS	k	Isebe ukuba Isiqingatha Ukuthwala iflegi Seti	ukuba (H = 1) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
I-BRHC	k	Isebe ukuba Isiqingatha Siphethe iflegi Isusiwe	ukuba (H = 0) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
I-BRTS	k	Isetyana ukuba iT iSeti yeflegi	ukuba (T = 1) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
I-BRTC	k	Isebe ukuba iflegi ye-T isusiwe	ukuba (T = 0) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
I-BRVS	k	Isebe ukuba iflegi yokuPhuphumayo iSetiwe	ukuba (V = 1) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
I-BRVC	k	Isebe ukuba iflegi yokuphuphuma kwayo iyacinywa	ukuba (V = 0) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
BRIE	k	Isebe ukuba Uphazamiseko Luvuliwe	ukuba ( I = 1) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
UMtshakazi	k	Isebe Ukuba Ukuphazamisa Kukhubazekile	ukuba ( I = 0) ngoko iPC ← PC + k + 1	Akukho nanye	1/2
IMIYALELO KANYE NE-BIT-TEST
SBI	P,b	Seta iBit kwiRejista ye-I/O	I/O(P,b) ← 1	Akukho nanye	2
CBI	P,b	I-Bit ecacileyo kwirejista ye-I/O	I/O(P,b) ← 0	Akukho nanye	2
LSL	Rd	UShift oQinisekayo eKhohlo	Rd(n+1) ← Rd(n), Rd(0) ← 0	Z,C,N,V	1
LSR	Rd	UShift oQinisekayo eKunene	I-Rd(n) ← Rd(n+1), Rd(7) ← 0	Z,C,N,V	1
INDIMA	Rd	Jikelezisa eKhohlo NgokuQhuba	I-Rd(0)←C,Rd(n+1)← Rd(n),C←Rd(7)	Z,C,N,V	1
I-ROR	Rd	Jikelezisa eKunene ngokuQhuba	I-Rd(7)←C,Rd(n)← Rd(n+1),C←Rd(0)	Z,C,N,V	1
ASR	Rd	Arithmetic Shift Ekunene	I-Rd(n) ← Rd(n+1), n=0..6	Z,C,N,V	1

I-Mnemonics	Ii-operands	Inkcazo	Ukusebenza	Iiflegi	#Iiwotshi
TSHINTSHA	Rd	Tshintsha iiNibbles	Rd(3..0)←Rd(7..4),Rd(7..4)←Rd(3..0)	Akukho nanye	1
I-BSET	s	Iseti yeflegi	I-SREG(ii) ← 1	SREG(s)	1
BCLR	s	Ifulegi ecacileyo	I-SREG(ii) ← 0	SREG(s)	1
I-BST	Rr, b	I-Bit Store ukusuka kwiRejista ukuya kwi-T	T ← Rr(b)	T	1
BLD	Rd, b	Umthwalo omncinci ukusuka ku-T ukuya kwirejista	Rd(b) ← T	Akukho nanye	1
I-SEC		Seta Qhuba	C ← 1	C	1
CLC		Cacisa Qhuba	C ← 0	C	1
SEN		Cwangcisa iflegi engalunganga	N ← 1	N	1
I-CLN		Cacisa iflegi embi	N ← 0	N	1
I-SEZ		Cwangcisa iflegi enguZiro	Z ← 1	Z	1
CLZ		Cacisa iflegi engu-Zero	Z ← 0	Z	1
SEI		IGlobal Interruption Vulela	Mna ← 1	I	1
CLI		Ukuphazamiseka kweGlobal Khubaza	Mna ← 0	I	1
I-SES		Seta iflegi yovavanyo esayiniweyo	S ← 1	S	1
CLS		Cacisa iflegi yovavanyo esayiniweyo	S ← 0	S	1
SEV		Cwangcisa iZimbini zokuPhumelela.	V ← 1	V	1
CLV		Cacisa iZimbini zokuPhumelela	V ← 0	V	1
SET		Seta T kwi-SREG	T ← 1	T	1
CLT		Coca T kwi-SREG	T ← 0	T	1
SEH		Cwangcisa iHalf Carry Flag kwi-SREG	H ← 1	H	1
I-CLH		Cacisa iflegi yeHalf kwi-SREG	H ← 0	H	1
UKUTSHINTSHWA KWEDATHA IMIYALELO
MOV	Rd, Rr	Hambisa phakathi kweerejista	Rd ← Rr	Akukho nanye	1
MOVW	Rd, Rr	Kopa Igama lokubhalisa	Rd+1:Rd ← Rr+1:Rr	Akukho nanye	1
LDI	Rd, K	Layisha Kwangoko	Rd ← K	Akukho nanye	1
LD	Rd, X	Layisha ngokungathanga ngqo	Rd ← (X)	Akukho nanye	2
LD	Rd, X+	Layisha ngokungathanga ngqo kunye nePost-Inc.	Rd ← (X), X ← X + 1	Akukho nanye	2
LD	Rd, – X	Layisha ngokungathanga ngqo naPhambi kukaDec.	X ← X – 1, Rd ← (X)	Akukho nanye	2
LD	Rd, Y	Layisha ngokungathanga ngqo	Rd ← (Y)	Akukho nanye	2
LD	Rd, Y+	Layisha ngokungathanga ngqo kunye nePost-Inc.	Rd ← (Y), Y ← Y + 1	Akukho nanye	2
LD	Rd, – Y	Layisha ngokungathanga ngqo naPhambi kukaDec.	Y ← Y – 1, Rd ← (Y)	Akukho nanye	2
I-LDD	Rd,Y+q	Layisha ngokuNgqongileyo ngokuThuthwa	Rd ← (Y + q)	Akukho nanye	2
LD	Rd, Z	Layisha ngokungathanga ngqo	Rd ← (Z)	Akukho nanye	2
LD	Rd, Z+	Layisha ngokungathanga ngqo kunye nePost-Inc.	Rd ← (Z), Z ← Z+1	Akukho nanye	2
LD	Rd, -Z	Layisha ngokungathanga ngqo naPhambi kukaDec.	Z ← Z – 1, Rd ← (Z)	Akukho nanye	2
I-LDD	Rd, Z+q	Layisha ngokuNgqongileyo ngokuThuthwa	Rd ← (Z + q)	Akukho nanye	2
LDS	Rd, k	Layisha ngokuthe ngqo kwi-SRAM	Rd ← (k)	Akukho nanye	2
ST	X, Rr	Gcina ngokungathanga ngqo	(X) ← Rr	Akukho nanye	2
ST	X+, Rr	Gcina ngokungathanga ngqo kunye nePost-Inc.	(X) ← Rr, X ← X + 1	Akukho nanye	2
ST	– X, Rr	Gcina ngokungathanga ngqo nangaphambi kukaDec.	X ← X – 1, (X) ← Rr	Akukho nanye	2
ST	Y, Rr	Gcina ngokungathanga ngqo	(Y) ← Rr	Akukho nanye	2
ST	Y+, Rr	Gcina ngokungathanga ngqo kunye nePost-Inc.	(Y) ← Rr, Y ← Y + 1	Akukho nanye	2
ST	– Y, Rr	Gcina ngokungathanga ngqo nangaphambi kukaDec.	Y ← Y – 1, (Y) ← Rr	Akukho nanye	2
STD	Y+q,Rr	Gcina ngokuNgqongileyo ngokuThuthwa	(Y + q) ← Rr	Akukho nanye	2
ST	Z, Rr	Gcina ngokungathanga ngqo	(Z) ← Rr	Akukho nanye	2
ST	Z+, Rr	Gcina ngokungathanga ngqo kunye nePost-Inc.	(Z) ← Rr, Z ← Z + 1	Akukho nanye	2
ST	-Z, Rr	Gcina ngokungathanga ngqo nangaphambi kukaDec.	Z ← Z – 1, (Z) ← Rr	Akukho nanye	2
STD	Z+q,Rr	Gcina ngokuNgqongileyo ngokuThuthwa	(Z + q) ← Rr	Akukho nanye	2
I-STS	k, rr	Gcina ngokuthe ngqo kwi-SRAM	(k) ← Rr	Akukho nanye	2
LPM		Layisha iMemori yeNkqubo	R0 ← (Z)	Akukho nanye	3
LPM	Rd, Z	Layisha iMemori yeNkqubo	Rd ← (Z)	Akukho nanye	3
LPM	Rd, Z+	Layisha iMemori yeNkqubo kunye nePost-Inc	Rd ← (Z), Z ← Z+1	Akukho nanye	3
SPM		Gcina iMemori yeNkqubo	(z) ← I-R1:R0	Akukho nanye
IN	Rd, P	EPort	Rd ← P	Akukho nanye	1
PHUMA	P, Rr	Ngaphandle kwePort	P ← Rr	Akukho nanye	1
DUDULA	Rr	Tyhila iRejista kwiSitaki	STACK ← Rr	Akukho nanye	2
I-POP	Rd	Bhalisa iPop kwiSitaki	Rd ← STACK	Akukho nanye	2
IMIYALELO YOLAWULO lwe-MCU
NOP		Akukho Sebenzi		Akukho nanye	1
LALA		Lala	(jonga ingcaciso ethile yomsebenzi wokuLala)	Akukho nanye	1
WDR		Ukuseta kwakhona i-Watchdog	(jonga i-descr. ye-WDR/Timer)	Akukho nanye	1
BREAK		Ikhefu

Isantya (MHz) (1)	Ukubonelela ngeVoltage (V)	Uluhlu lobushushu	Iphakheji (2)	Ikhowudi yokuodola (3)
10	1.8 – 5.5	Imizi-mveliso (-40°C ukuya +85°C) (4)	8P3	I-ATtiny45V-10PU
			8S2	ATtiny45V-10SU ATtiny45V-10SUR ATtiny45V-10SH ATtiny45V-10SHR
			8X	I-ATtiny45V-10XU ATtiny45V-10XUR
			20M1	ATtiny45V-10MU ATtiny45V-10MUR
20	2.7 – 5.5	Imizi-mveliso (-40°C ukuya +85°C) (4)	8P3	I-ATtiny45-20PU
			8S2	ATtiny45-20SU ATtiny45-20SUR ATtiny45-20SH ATtiny45-20SHR
			8X	I-ATtiny45-20XU ATtiny45-20XUR
			20M1	ATtiny45-20MU ATtiny45-20MUR

Amanqaku: 1. Ngesantya vs. unikezelo voltage, bona icandelo 21.3 “Isantya” kwiphepha le-163.

Zonke iipakethe azina-Pb, azina-halide kwaye ziluhlaza ngokupheleleyo kwaye ziyahambelana nomyalelo waseYurophu wokuThintelwa kwezinto ezinobungozi (RoHS).

Iimpawu zekhowudi

H: NiPdAu ekhokelayo ekugqibeleni

Mna: matte tin

R: tape & reel

Ezi zixhobo zinokubonelelwa ngefom ye-wafer. Nceda uqhagamshelane ne-ofisi yentengiso ye-Atmel ekufutshane ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe vetshe ngokuodola kunye nobuncinane bexabiso.

Impazamo

Errata ATtiny25

Ileta yohlaziyo kweli candelo ibhekisa kuhlaziyo lwesixhobo se-ATtiny25.

Umfundisi D – F

Akukho mpazamo eyaziwayo.

Umfundisi B-C

Ukufundwa kwe-EEPROM kunokusilela kunikezelo oluphantsi voltage / isantya sewotshi ephantsi

Ukuzama ukufunda i-EEPROM kumaza ewotshi aphantsi kunye/okanye umthamo ophantsi wonikezelotagingabangela idatha engasebenziyo.

Ingxaki Ukulungisa/Umsebenzi

Musa ukusebenzisa i-EEPROM xa i-clock frequency ingaphantsi kwe-1MHz kunye nokubonelela ngevolthitage ingaphantsi kwe-2V. Ukuba i-frequency yokusebenza ayinakunyuswa ngaphezulu kwe-1MHz ke unikeze umthamotage kufuneka ibe ngaphezu kwe-2V. Ngokufanayo, ukuba unikezelo voltage ayinakunyuswa ngaphezulu kwe-2V ke i-frequency yokusebenza kufuneka ibe ngaphezulu kwe-1MHz.

Olu phawu lwaziwa njengoluxhomekeke kwiqondo lobushushu kodwa alikachazwa. Izikhokelo zinikwa ubushushu begumbi, kuphela.

UMfu A

Hayi sampi-LED.

Errata ATtiny45

Ileta yohlaziyo kweli candelo ibhekisa kuhlaziyo lwesixhobo se-ATtiny45.

Umfundisi F – G

Akukho mpazamo eyaziwayo

UMfundisi D – E

Ukufundwa kwe-EEPROM kunokusilela kunikezelo oluphantsi voltage / isantya sewotshi ephantsi

Ukuzama ukufunda i-EEPROM kumaza ewotshi aphantsi kunye/okanye umthamo ophantsi wonikezelotagingabangela idatha engasebenziyo.

Ingxaki Ukulungisa/Umsebenzi

Olu phawu lwaziwa njengoluxhomekeke kwiqondo lobushushu kodwa alikaphawulwa. Izikhokelo zinikwa ubushushu begumbi, kuphela.

Umfundisi B-C

I-PLL ayitshixwa

I-EEPROM efundwe kwikhowudi yesicelo ayisebenzi kwiMowudi yesi-3 ye-Lock Bit

Ukufundwa kwe-EEPROM kunokusilela kunikezelo oluphantsi voltage / isantya sewotshi ephantsi

I-Timer Counter 1 imveliso yePWM kwi-OC1B- XOC1B ayisebenzi ngokuchanekileyo

I-PLL ayitshixwa

Xa iifrikhwensi zingaphantsi kwe-6.0 MHz, i-PLL ayiyi kutshixa

Ukulungisa ingxaki / Ukulungisa

Xa usebenzisa i-PLL, sebenzisa i-6.0 MHz okanye ngaphezulu.

I-EEPROM efundwe kwikhowudi yesicelo ayisebenzi kwiMowudi yesi-3 ye-Lock Bit

Xa i-Memory Lock Bits LB2 kunye ne-LB1 zicwangciswe kwimodi ye-3, ukufunda kwe-EEPROM akusebenzi kwikhowudi yesicelo.

Ingxaki Lungisa/Sebenzela ngeenxa zonke

Musa ukuseta iMowudi yesi-3 yoKhuseleko lweBit xa ikhowudi yesicelo ifuna ukufunda kwi-EEPROM.

Ukufundwa kwe-EEPROM kunokusilela kunikezelo oluphantsi voltage / isantya sewotshi ephantsi

Ukuzama ukufunda i-EEPROM kumaza ewotshi aphantsi kunye/okanye umthamo ophantsi wonikezelotagingabangela idatha engasebenziyo.

Ingxaki Ukulungisa/Umsebenzi

Olu phawu lwaziwa njengoluxhomekeke kwiqondo lobushushu kodwa alikachazwa. Izikhokelo zinikwa ubushushu begumbi, kuphela.

I-Timer Counter 1 imveliso yePWM kwi-OC1B - XOC1B ayisebenzi ngokuchanekileyo

I-Timer Counter1 imveliso ye-PWM OC1B-XOC1B ayisebenzi kakuhle. Kuphela kwimeko xa ii-bits zolawulo, i-COM1B1 kunye ne-COM1B0 zikwimo ye-COM1A1 kunye ne-COM1A0, ngokulandelanayo, i-OC1B-XOC1B i-out-out isebenza ngokuchanekileyo.

Ingxaki Lungisa/Sebenzela ngeenxa zonke

Indlela yokusebenza kuphela kukusebenzisa izicwangciso zolawulo ezifanayo kwi-COM1A[1:0] kunye ne-COM1B[1:0] iibhithi zokulawula, jonga i-table 14-4 kwiphepha ledatha. Ingxaki ilungisiwe kwiTiny45 rev D.

UMfu A

Amandla aphezulu kakhulu phantsi kokusetyenziswa kwamandla

I-DebugWIRE iyalukhulula unxibelelwano xa umntu engenela uphazamiseko

I-PLL ayitshixwa

I-EEPROM efundwe kwikhowudi yesicelo ayisebenzi kwiMowudi yesi-3 ye-Lock Bit

Ukufundwa kwe-EEPROM kunokusilela kunikezelo oluphantsi voltage / isantya sewotshi ephantsi

Amandla aphezulu kakhulu phantsi kokusetyenziswa kwamandla

Iimeko ezintathu ziya kukhokelela kumandla aphezulu kakhulu phantsi kosetyenziso lwamandla. Zezi:

Ikloko yangaphandle ikhethwa ngamafusi, kodwa i-I/O PORT isasebenza njengemveliso.

I-EEPROM ifundwa phambi kokungena amandla ezantsi.

I-VCC yi-4.5 volts okanye ngaphezulu.

Ukuzihlangula: Ulwazi olukolu xwebhu lunikiwe ngokunxulumene neemveliso ze-Atmel. Akukho layisenisi, ecacileyo okanye echaziweyo, nge-estoppel okanye ngenye indlela, kulo naliphi na ilungelo lepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda linikwe ngolu xwebhu okanye ngokunxulumene nokuthengiswa kweemveliso ze-Atmel. NGAPHANDLE NJENGOKUBA KUBEKWE KWIMIGAQO YE-ATMEL NEMIQATHANGO YOKUTHENGISA EKU-ATMEL. WEBISIZA, I-ATMEL AYIQINISEKI NGAYO NAYIPHI NA UXANDUVA KWAYE IBANZA NAPHI NA INKCAZELO, OKUTHETHWAYO OKANYE ISIQINISEKISO SOMTHETHO NGOKUPHATHELELE NEEMVELISO ZASO, KODWA AYIMDALWA, ISIQINISEKISO SOKUTHENGISWA, UKULUNGELA, UKUFANELEKILE INGXAXHEKO. AKUKHO MFANEKO I-ATMEL IYA KUTHWALA NALUPHI NA UBUCHULEKO KULO NAKUPHI NA OKUNQOPHELELE, OKUNGQALAYO, OKUQHELEKILEYO, OKUSOHLWAYO, OKUKHETHEKILEYO OKANYE UMONAKALO OWODWA (kubandakanywa, NGAPHANDLE KOMDA, UMONAKALO WENTLAHLEKO KUNYE NEENZUZO, UPHAZAMZO LWESHISHINO, OKANYE UKULAHLEKISWA KOLWAZI) OLU XWEBHU, NANGONA I-ATMEL ICEBISIWE NGOKUBA KUNOKUBA NOKUNGENZA OKUNOMONAKALO.

I-Atmel yenza umboniso okanye iziqinisekiso malunga nokuchaneka okanye ukugqibelela kwemixholo yolu xwebhu kwaye inelungelo lokwenza utshintsho kwiinkcazo kunye neenkcazo zemveliso nangaliphi na ixesha ngaphandle kwesaziso. I-Atmel ayenzi nakuphi na ukuzibophelela ekuhlaziyeni ulwazi oluqulethwe apha. Ngaphandle kokuba kubonelelwe ngenye indlela, iimveliso ze-Atmel azifanelekanga, kwaye aziyi kusetyenziswa, kwizicelo zeemoto. Iimveliso ze-Atmel azijoliswanga, zigunyazisiweyo, okanye zigunyazisiwe ukuba zisetyenziswe njengamacandelo kwizicelo ezijoliswe ukuxhasa okanye ukugcina ubomi.

Iimbekiselo

Incwadi yokusebenzisa

I-Atmel 8-bit ye-AVR Microcontroller ene-2/4/8K Bytes In-System Programmable Flash

Iimbonakalo

Ngaphezuluview

Ukugcinwa kwedatha

Intshayelelo

Irejista yeNjongo ngokubanzi File

Isalathisi sokupakisha

Ixesha lokwenziwa komyalelo

Seta kwakhona kwaye uphazamise ukuphatha

Phazamisa Ixesha lokuPhendula

Ukuthintela uRhwaphilizo lwe-EEPROM

Ikloko yeNkqubo kunye noKhetho lwewotshi

Ngaphakathi 128 kHz Oscillator

Umthombo wewotshi eMiselweyo

Inkcazo yerejista

Ukulinganiselwa

Inkcazo yerejista

Ulawulo lwesixokelelwano kunye nokuSeta kwakhona

Ukufunyanwa kweBrown-out

Ukuphazamiseka

I/O Amazibuko

Eminye imisebenzi yeZibuko

Ixesha / Ikhawuntara ye-Prescaler kunye neMithombo yeClock

Ikhawuntara kunye nokuthelekisa iiYunithi

Iimpawu zekhowudi

Ingxaki Ukulungisa/Umsebenzi

Iimbekiselo

Shiya uluvo

Rhoxisa impendulo