UKWAKHA Ikhadi Le-Automation le-RASPBERRY Pi
UMHLAHLANDLELA WOMSEBENZISI VERSION 4.1
SequentMicrosystems.com
INCAZELO EJWAYELEKILE
Isizukulwane sesibili sekhadi lethu le-Building Automation Card siletha kuplathifomu ye-Raspberry Pi konke okokufaka nokuphumayo okudingekayo Kuhlelo Lokwakha Ezishintshayo. Inamathela kumazinga angu-8, ikhadi lisebenza nazo zonke izinhlobo ze-Raspberry Pi, ukusuka ku-Zero ukuya ku-4.
Izikhonkwane ezimbili ze-Raspberry Pi's GPIO zisetshenziselwa ukuxhumana kwe-I2C. Enye iphinikhodi yabelwe isibambi esiphazamisayo, okushiya izikhonkwane ze-GPIO ezingu-23 zitholakalela umsebenzisi.
Okokufaka okuyisishiyagalombili kwendawo yonke, okungakhetheka ngakunye, kukuvumela ukuthi ufunde amasiginali angu-0-10V, ubale ukuvalwa kokuxhumana, noma ulinganise amazinga okushisa usebenzisa izifudumezi ezishisayo ezingu-1K noma ezingu-10K. Okuphumayo okulungisekayo okungu-0-10V okune kungalawula ama-dimmers okukhanya noma amanye amadivayisi wezimboni. Okuphumayo okune kwe-triac ye-24VAC kungalawula ukudluliselwa kwe-AC noma okokusebenza kokushisisa nokupholisa. Izinkomba ze-LED zibonisa isimo sayo yonke imiphumela. Imvume yembobo ye-RS485/MODBUS icishe ibe nokunwebeka okungenamkhawulo. Okokugcina, imbobo entsha ye-1-WIRE ingasetshenziswa ukufunda izinga lokushisa kusuka kunzwa ye-DS18B20.
Ama-TVS diode kukho konke okokufaka avikela ikhadi le-ESD yangaphandle. I-fuse ehlelwa kabusha yangaphakathi iyivikela kuzikhindi ezinephutha. Umthombo wamandla owodwa ongu-24V AC noma we-DC ungahlinzeka nge-5V/3A ye-Raspberry Pi.
IZICI
- Okokufaka kwe-jumper okuyisishiyagalombili okusethezeka kwendawo yonke, kwe-analog/digital
- 0-10V Okokufaka noma
- Xhumana Nokufakwa Kwesibali Sokuvalwa noma
- Okokufaka kwenzwa yezinga lokushisa engu-1K/10K
- Okune 0-10V Okukhiphayo
- Imiphumela ye-TRIAC emine enabashayeli abangu-1A/48VAC
- Ama-LED amane Injongo Ejwayelekile
- Imbobo ye-RS485/MODBUS
- Iwashi lesikhathi sangempela elinesipele sebhethri
- I-push-inkinobho
- 1-WIRE interface
- Ukuvikelwa kwe-TVS kukho konke okokufaka
- I-On-board Hardware Watchdog
- 24VAC/DC ugesi
Konke okokufaka nokukhiphayo kusebenzisa izixhumi ezixhumeka kalula ezivumela ukufinyelela okulula kwezintambo lapho amakhadi amaningi estakiwe. Amakhadi Okuzenzakalela Okwakha Afika kwayisishiyagalombili angapakishwa phezu kwe-Raspberry Pi eyodwa. Amakhadi abelana ngebhasi le-I2C le-serial esebenzisa izikhonkwane ezimbili kuphela ze-Raspberry Pi's GPIO ukuphatha wonke amakhadi ayisishiyagalombili.
Izinjongo ezine ezijwayelekile zama-LED zingahlotshaniswa nokokufaka kwe-analog noma ezinye izinqubo ezilawulwayo.
Inkinobho yokusunduza esebhodini ingahlelwa ukuze isike okokufaka, ikhiphe okuphumayo noma ivale i-Raspberry Pi.
YINI EKHITHI YAKHO
- Ukwakha Ikhadi Le-Automation le-Raspberry Pi
- I-hardware yokukhweza
a. Izithonjana ezine zethusi ze-M2.5x18mm zesilisa nesifazane
b. Izikulufu zethusi ezine ze-M2.5x5mm
c. Amantongomane amane ethusi angu-M2.5 - Ama-jumper amabili.
Awuwadingi ama-jumper uma usebenzisa i-Building Automation Card eyodwa kuphela. Bheka isigaba se-STACK LEVEL JUMPERS uma uhlela ukusebenzisa amakhadi amaningi. - Zonke izixhumi zokukhwelana zabesifazane ezidingekayo.
UMHLAHLANDLELA WOKUQALA OKUSHESHAYO
- Xhuma i-Building Automation Card yakho phezu kwe-Raspberry Pi yakho bese unika amandla isistimu.
- Nika amandla ukuxhumana kwe-I2C ku-Raspberry Pi usebenzisa i-raspi-config.
- Faka isoftware kusuka ku-github.com:
a. ~$ git clone https://github.com/SequentMicrosystems/megabas-rpi.git
b. ~$ cd /home/pi/megabas-rpi
c. ~/megabas-rpi$ sudo yenza ukufaka - ~/megabas-rpi$ megabas
Uhlelo luzophendula ngohlu lwemiyalo etholakalayo.
UKUHLELWA KWEBHHODI
Ama-LED amane eNhloso Ejwayelekile angalawulwa ku-software. Ama-LED angenziwa asebenze ukuze abonise isimo sanoma yikuphi okokufaka, okukhiphayo noma inqubo yangaphandle.
IZIGQIKO ZESITAKA
Indawo emithathu kwesokunxele yesixhumi i-J3 isetshenziselwa ukukhetha ileveli yesitaki sekhadi:
OKUFANELEKILE UKUKHETHA
Okokufaka okuyisishiyagalombili kwendawo yonke kungase kukhethwe i-jumper ngayinye ukuze kufundwe ama-thermistors angu-0-10V, 1K noma angu-10K noma izinto zokubala zokuvala/zokuthinta umcimbi. Imvamisa ephezulu yokubala yomcimbi ngu-100 Hz.
RS-485/MODBUS COMUNICATION
I-Building Automation Card iqukethe i-transceiver ejwayelekile ye-RS485 engafinyelelwa yi-processor yendawo kanye ne-Raspberry Pi. Ukucushwa okufunayo kusethwe kusuka kuma-bypass jumper amathathu kusixhumi sokumisa i-J3.
Uma ama-jumpers efakiwe, i-Raspberry Pi ingaxhumana nanoma iyiphi idivayisi ene-RS485 interface. Kulokhu kumiswa Ikhadi Lokuzenzakalela Lokwakha liyibhuloho elisebenza kuphela elenza amazinga wehadiwe adingwa umthetho olandelwayo we-RS485. Ukuze usebenzise lokhu kulungiselelwa, udinga ukutshela iphrosesa yendawo ukuthi ikhulule ukulawula kwebhasi le-RS485:
~$ megabas [0] wcfgmb 0 0 0 0
Uma ama-jumpers asusiwe, ikhadi lisebenza njenge-MODBUS isigqila futhi lisebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-MODBUS RTU. Noma iyiphi i-MODBUS master ingafinyelela konke okokufaka kwekhadi, futhi isethe yonke imiphumela isebenzisa imiyalo evamile ye-MODBUS. Uhlu oluningiliziwe lwemiyalo esetshenzisiwe lungatholakala ku-GitHub:
https://github.com/SequentMicrosystems/megabas-rpi/blob/master/Modbus.md
Kuzo zombili izimo iphrosesa yasendaweni idinga ukuhlelwa ukuze ikhulule (ama-jumpers afakiwe) noma ukulawula (ama-jumpers asusiwe) amasignali e-RS485. Bona usizo lomugqa womyalo ku-inthanethi ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.
I-RASPBERRY PI INHLOKO
IZIDINGO ZAMANDLA
Ikhadi le-Building Automation Card lidinga ukunikezwa kwamandla okulawulwayo kwangaphandle okungu-24VDC/AC. Amandla anikezwa ebhodini ngesixhumi esizinikele ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla (bheka UKUHLELWA KWEBHHODI). Amabhodi amukela umthombo wamandla we-DC noma we-AC. Uma kusetshenziswa umthombo wamandla we-DC, i-polarity ayibalulekile. Isilawuli sendawo se-5V sinikeza amandla afika ku-3A ku-Raspberry Pi, futhi isilawuli esingu-3.3V sinikeza amandla amasekhethi edijithali. Iziguquli ze-DC-DC ezihlukanisiwe zisetshenziselwa ukunika amandla ama-relay.
SINCOMA UKUSEBENZISA KUPHELA 24VDC/AC POWER SUPPLY
UKUZE AMANDLA I-RASPBERRY PI IKHADI
Uma Amakhadi Okuzenzakalela Kwesakhiwo amaningi estakwe phezu kwamanye, sincoma ukusebenzisa ugesi owodwa ongu-24VDC/AC ukuze unike amandla wonke amakhadi. Umsebenzisi kufanele ahlukanise ikhebula futhi asebenzise izintambo ekhadini ngalinye.
UKUSEBENZISA AMANDLA:
• 50 mA @ +24V
OKUFAKAYO KWAZONKE
I-Building Automation Card inokufakwayo okuyisishiyagalombili kwendawo yonke okungakhethwa i-jumper ukukala amasiginali angu-010V, ama-thermistors angu-1K noma angu-10K noma izinto zokubala zokuvala/umcimbi ezingafika ku-100Hz.
UKULUNGISWA KWESIBINI SOMCIMBI/UKULUNGISELELA UKUVALWA KOMTHETHO 
UKULUNGISWA KWESILINGANISO SESILINGANISO ESINE-1K THERMISTORS 
UKULUNGISWA KWESILINGANISO SESILINGANISO ESINE-10K THERMISTORS 
0-10V UKULUNGISELELA OKUPHUMAYO. UMLAYEZO OMKHULU = 10mA 
I-WATCHDOG YE-Hardware
I-Building Automation Card iqukethe i-hardware watchdog eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ezoqinisekisa ukuthi iphrojekthi yakho ebaluleke kakhulu izoqhubeka nokusebenza ngisho noma isofthiwe ye-Raspberry Pi ivaliwe. Ngemva kokunika amandla i-watchdog iyakhutshazwa, futhi iqala ukusebenza ngemva kokuthola ukusetha kabusha kokuqala.
Isikhathi sokuvala esizenzakalelayo amasekhondi angu-120. Uma isicushiwe, uma ingakutholi ukusetha kabusha kusuka ku-Raspberry Pi phakathi nemizuzu emi-2, inja inqamula amandla futhi iwabuyisele ngemva kwemizuzwana eyi-10.
I-Raspberry Pi idinga ukukhipha umyalo wokusetha kabusha embobeni ye-I2C ngaphambi kokuthi isibali sikhathi esiku-watchdog siphelelwe yisikhathi.
Isikhathi sesibali sikhathi ngemva kokuvula amandla kanye nesikhathi esisebenzayo singasethwa emugqeni womyalo. Inombolo yokusetha kabusha igcinwa ku-flash futhi ingafinyelelwa noma isulwe emugqeni womyalo. Yonke imiyalo ye-watchdog ichazwa umsebenzi wosizo lwe-inthanethi.
OKUFAKAYO/OKUPHUMA UKULINGANISWA
Konke okokufaka kwe-analog kanye nokuphumayo kuyalinganiswa efekthri, kodwa imiyalo ye-firmware ivumela umsebenzisi ukuthi alinganise kabusha ibhodi, noma alilinganise ukuze linembe kangcono. Konke okokufaka nokuphumayo kulinganiswa ngamaphoyinti amabili; khetha amaphuzu amabili eduze ngangokunokwenzeka emikhawulweni emibili yesikali. Ukuze ulinganise okokufaka, umsebenzisi kufanele anikeze amasiginali e-analog. (Eksample: ukuze ulinganise okokufaka okungu-0-10V, umsebenzisi kufanele anikeze amandla alungisekayo angu-10V). Ukuze ulinganise okuphumayo, umsebenzisi kufanele akhiphe umyalo wokusetha okukhiphayo kunani elifiswayo, alinganise umphumela futhi akhiphe umyalo wokulinganisa ukuze kugcinwe inani.
Amanani agcinwa ku-flash futhi ijika lokokufaka lithathwa njengelayini. Uma kwenzeka iphutha ngesikhathi sokulinganisa ngokuthayipha umyalo ongalungile, umyalo we-RESET ungasetshenziswa ukusetha kabusha zonke iziteshi eqenjini elihambisanayo zibe amanani efekthri. Ngemva kwe-RESET ukulinganiswa kungaqalwa kabusha.
Ibhodi lingalinganiswa ngaphandle komthombo wamasiginali e-analogi, ngokulinganisa kuqala okuphumayo bese uhambisa okukhiphayo okulinganiselwe kokufakwayo okuhambisanayo. Imiyalo elandelayo iyatholakala ukuze ilinganiswe:
| CALIBRA 0-10V OKUFAKAYO: | megabas cuin |
| SETHA KABUSHA UKULINGANA KWE-0-10V OKUFAKAYO: | megabas rcuin |
| LINGISA OKUFAKAYO okungu-10K: | megabas cresin |
| SETHA KABUSHA OKUFAKAYO okungu-10K: | megabas i-rcresin |
| CALIBRA 0-10V OKUPHUMAYO: | megabas i-cuout |
| ISITOLO ELIKALIZIWE INANI KUFLESHI: | megabas alta_coma |
| SETHA KABUSHA UKULINGANA OKUPHUMA KWE-0-10V: | megabas i-rcuout |
IMICIMBI YE-hardware
EBHODENI IFUSE ENGASETHA KABUSHA: 1A
0-10V OKUFAKAYO:
| • Ivolumu Yokufaka Okuphezulutage: | 12V |
| • Ukuphazamiseka Kokufaka: | 20KΩ |
| • Isixazululo: | 12 amabhithi |
| • Sampisilinganiso: | i-tbd |
OKUFAKAYO UKUVALWA KOKUXHUMANA
- Imvamisa yokubala enkulu: 100 Hz
0-10V OKUPHUMAYO:
- Ubuncane Bomthwalo Wokukhiphayo: 1KΩ
- Ukulungiswa: 13 BITS
I-TRIAC OUTPUTS:
- Okukhiphayo Okuphezulu Kwamanje: 1A
- Umthamo Ophumayo Omkhulutage: 120v
I-LINEARITY PHEZU KWESIKALI ESIGCWELE
Okokufaka kwe-analogi kusetshenzwa kusetshenziswa iziguquli ze-12 bit A/D zangaphakathi kuphrosesa esebhodini. Okokufaka kungu-sampiholele ku-675 Hz.
Imiphumela ye-analogi ihlanganiswa ne-PWM kusetshenziswa izibali-sikhathi eziyi-16 bit. Amanani e-PWM asukela ku-0 kuye ku-4,800.
Konke okokufaka nokuphumayo kuyalinganiswa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ezindaweni zokugcina futhi amanani agcinwa ku-flash.
Ngemva kokulinganisa sihlole umugqa wesikali esigcwele futhi sathola imiphumela elandelayo:
| Isiteshi | Iphutha Elikhulu | % |
| 0-10V NGAPHAKATHI | 15μV | 0.15% |
| 0-10V PHUMILE | 10μV | 0.10% |
IMINININGWANE YOMKHETHI
UKUHLELWA KWE-SOFTWARE
- Lungiselela i-Raspberry Pi yakho nge- OS yakamuva.
- Nika amandla ukuxhumana kwe-I2C: ~$ sudo raspi-config
1. Shintsha iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi Shintsha iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi ozenzakalelayo 2. Izinketho zenethiwekhi Lungiselela izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi 3. Izinketho zokuqalisa Lungiselela izinketho zokuqalisa 4. Izinketho zendawo Setha izilungiselelo zolimi nezesifunda ukuze zifane.. 5. Izinketho Zokuxhumana Lungiselela ukuxhumeka kuma-peripheral 6. Overclock Lungiselela i-overclocking ye-Pi yakho 7. Izinketho Ezithuthukile Lungiselela izilungiselelo ezithuthukile 8. Buyekeza Buyekeza leli thuluzi libe yinguqulo yakamuva 9. Mayelana ne-raspi-config Ulwazi mayelana nalokhu kulungiselelwa P1 Ikhamera Nika amandla/Khubaza ukuxhumeka kukhamera ye-Raspberry Pi P2 I-SSH Nika amandla/Khubaza ukufinyelela komugqa womyalo oqhelile ku-Pi yakho P3 I-VNC Nika amandla/Khubaza ukufinyelela okukude okuyisithombe ku-Pi yakho usebenzisa... P4 SPI Nika amandla/Khubaza ukulayishwa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-SPI kernel module P5 I-I2C Nika amandla/Khubaza ukulayishwa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-I2C kernel module P6 I-serial Nika amandla/Khubaza imilayezo yegobolondo ne-kernel embobeni ye-serial P7 1-Intambo Nika amandla/Khubaza isixhumi esibonakalayo socingo olulodwa P8 I-GPIO ekude Nika amandla/Khubaza ukufinyelela okukude kumaphini we-GPIO - Faka isoftware ye-megabas kusuka ku-github.com: ~$ git clone https://github.com/SequentMicrosystems/megabas-rpi.git
- ~$ cd /home/pi/megabas-rpi
- ~/megaioind-rpi$ sudo yenza ukufaka
- ~/megaioind-rpi$ megabas
Uhlelo luzophendula ngohlu lwemiyalo etholakalayo.
Thayipha okuthi “megabas -h” ukuze uthole usizo lwe-inthanethi.
Ngemva kokufaka isofthiwe, ungayibuyekezela enguqulweni yakamuva ngemiyalo:
~$ cd /home/pi/megabas-rpi
~/megabas-rpi$ git donsa
~/megabas-rpi$ sudo yenza ukufaka
Amadokhumenti / Izinsiza
 |
Ikhadi le-Pi Hut Building Automation Card le-Raspberry Pi [pdf] Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi Ikhadi Lokwakha Ezishintshayo le-Raspberry Pi, Ikhadi Lokwakha Ezishintshayo, Ikhadi Le-Automation le-Raspberry Pi, I-Raspberry Pi Automation Card Building |
