UKUQALA UKUQONDA ISIQONDISO
USRP-2920/2921/2922
I-USRP Software Defined Radio Device

IZINKONZO EZIQHUBEKILE
Sinikezela ngezinsizakalo ezincintisanayo zokulungisa nokulinganisa, kanye nemibhalo efinyeleleka kalula nezinsiza ezilandekayo mahhala.
THEngisa ENGAZI YAKHO
Sithenga izingxenye ezintsha, ezisetshenzisiwe, ezingasasebenzi, nezingeziwe kulo lonke uchungechunge lwe-NI. Sisebenzela isixazululo esingcono kakhulu esifanelana nezidingo zakho.

Thengisa Ngemali
Thola Ikhredithi Yamukela
Isivumelwano Sokuhweba
I-OOOLETE NI I-hardware ESESITOKWENI FUTHI ILUNGELE UKUTHUMISWA
Sigcina i-Hardware Entsha, Entsha, Evuselelwe kabusha, neReconditioned NI.

Ukuvala igebe phakathi komkhiqizi kanye nesistimu yakho yokuhlola ifa.
1-800-915-6216
www.apexwaves.com
sales@apexwaves.com

Lo mbhalo uchaza indlela yokufaka, ukulungiselela, nokuhlola amadivayisi alandelayo e-USRP:

• I-USRP-2920 Software Defined Radio Device
• I-USRP-2921 Software Defined Radio Device
• I-USRP-2922 Software Defined Radio Device

Idivayisi ye-USRP-2920/2921/2922 ingathumela futhi yamukele amasignali ukuze isetshenziswe ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezihlukahlukene. Le divayisi ihamba nomshayeli wensimbi we-NI-USRP, ongawusebenzisa ukuhlela idivayisi.

Ukuqinisekisa Izimfuneko Zesistimu

Ukuze usebenzise umshayeli wensimbi ye-NI-USRP, isistimu yakho kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile.
Bheka i-readme yomkhiqizo, etholakala kumidiya yesofthiwe yomshayeli noma ku-inthanethi ku- ni.com/manuals, ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezidingo eziyisisekelo zesistimu, isistimu enconyiwe, kanye nezimo ezisekelwayo zokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza (ama-ADE).

Ekhipha Ikhithi

Qaphela Ukuze uvimbele i-electrostatic discharge (ESD) ukuthi ingalimazi idivayisi, zihlikihle usebenzisa ibhande eliphansi noma ngokubamba into ephansi, efana ne-chassis yekhompyutha yakho.

1. Thinta iphakheji ye-antistatic engxenyeni yensimbi ye-chassis yekhompyutha.
2. Khipha idivayisi ephaketheni bese uhlola idivayisi ukuze uthole izingxenye ezixegayo nanoma yiluphi olunye uphawu lomonakalo.
   Qaphela Ungalokothi uthinte izikhonkwane eziveziwe zezixhumi.
   Qaphela Ungalufaki idivayisi uma ibonakala yonakele nganoma iyiphi indlela.
3. Khipha noma yiziphi ezinye izinto namadokhumenti kukhithi.
   Gcina idivayisi kuphakheji ye-antistatic uma idivayisi ingasetshenziswa.

Ukuqinisekisa Okuqukethwe Kwekhithi

1. Idivayisi ye-USRP	4. Ikhebula ye-SMA (m)-kuya-SMA (m).
2. I-AC/DC Power Supply neCable Power	5. I-30 dB SMA Attenuator
3. Ikhebula Le-Ethernet Elivikelekile	6. Umhlahlandlela Wokuqalisa (Lo Mqulu) kanye Nombhalo Wokuphepha, Ezemvelo, kanye Nokulawula Ulwazi

Qaphela Uma uxhuma ngokuqondile noma ufaka ikhebula ijeneretha yesignali kudivayisi yakho, noma uma uxhuma amadivaysi amaningi e-USRP ndawonye, ​​kufanele uxhume isifinyezo esingu-30 dB kokokufaka kwe-RF (RX1 noma RX2) kwedivayisi ngayinye eyamukelayo i-USRP.

Ezinye Izinto Ezidingekayo
Ngokungeziwe kokuqukethwe kwekhithi, kufanele unikeze ikhompuyutha ene-interface ye-gigabit Ethernet etholakalayo.
Izinto Ongazikhethela

• IlebhuVIEW I-Modulation Toolkit (MT), iyatholakala ukuze ilandwe ku ni.com/downloads futhi ifakwe ku-LabVIEW I-Communication System Design Suite, ehlanganisa ama-MT VIs nemisebenzi, isbamples, kanye nemibhalo
  Qaphela Kufanele ufake IlebhuVIEW I-Modulation Toolkit yokusebenza kahle kwe-NI-USRP Modulation Toolkit example VIs.
• IlebhuVIEW I-Digital Filter Design Toolkit, iyatholakala ukuze ilandwe ku ni.com/downloads futhi ifakwe ku-LabVIEW I-Communication System Design Suite
• IlebhuVIEW I-MathScript RT Module, iyatholakala ukuze ilandwe ku ni.com/downloads
• Ukuvumelanisa kwe-USRP MIMO kanye nekhebuli yedatha, etholakala ku-ni.com, ukuvumelanisa imithombo yewashi
• Izintambo ezengeziwe ze-SMA (m)-to-SMA (m) zokuxhuma zombili iziteshi namadivayisi angaphandle noma ukusebenzisa amasignali e-REF IN kanye ne-PPS IN

Imihlahlandlela Yezemvelo

Qaphela Le modeli ihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zasendlini kuphela

Izimpawu Zemvelo

Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza	0 °C kuya ku-45 °C
Umswakama osebenzayo	10% kuya ku-90% umswakama ohlobene, onganciphisi
Iziqu Zokungcolisa	2
Ukuphakama okukhulu	2,000 m (800 mbar) (kumazinga okushisa angama-25 °C)

Ifaka Isofthiwe

Kufanele ube Umlawuli ukuze ufake isofthiwe ye-NI kukhompyutha yakho.

1. Faka indawo yokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza (ADE), njengeLabVIEW noma i-LabVIEW I-Communication System Design Suite.
2. Landela imiyalelo engezansi ehambisana ne-ADE oyifakile.

Ukufaka Isoftware Ngokusebenzisa I-NI Package Manager
Qinisekisa ukuthi ufake inguqulo yakamuva ye-NI Package Manager. Ukufinyelela ikhasi lokulanda le-NI Package Manager, yiya ku-ni.com/info bese ufaka ikhodi yolwazi NIPMDownload.
Qaphela Izinguqulo ze-NI-USRP ezingu-18.1 kuye zamanje ziyatholakala ukuze zilandwe kusetshenziswa i-NI Package Manager. Ukulanda enye inguqulo ye-NI-USRP, bheka Ukufaka i
Isoftware Esebenzisa Ikhasi Lokulanda Umshayeli.

1. Ukuze ufake umshayeli wensimbi wakamuva we-NI-USRP, vula i-NI Package Manager.
2. Kuthebhu ethi PHEZULU IMIKHIQIZO, chofoza Abashayeli ukuze ubonise zonke izishayeli ezitholakalayo.
3. Khetha i-NI-USRP bese uchofoza okuthi INSTALL.
4. Landela imiyalelo ekwazisweni kokufaka.
   Qaphela Abasebenzisi be-Windows bangabona ukufinyelela nemilayezo yokuphepha phakathi nokufaka. Yamukela imiyalo ukuze uqedele ukufaka.

Ulwazi Oluhlobene
Bheka ku-NI Package Manager Manual ukuze uthole imiyalelo yokufaka abashayeli usebenzisa i-NI Package Manager.

Ukufaka Isoftware Ngokusebenzisa Ikhasi Lokulanda Lomshayeli
Qaphela I-NI incoma ukusebenzisa i-NI Package Manager ukulanda isofthiwe yomshayeli we-NI-USRP.

1. Vakashela ku-ni.com/info bese ufaka Ikhodi Yolwazi usrpdriver ukuze ufinyelele ikhasi lokulanda abashayeli kuzo zonke izinguqulo zesofthiwe ye-NI-USRP.
2. Landa inguqulo yesofthiwe yomshayeli we-NI-USRP.
3. Landela imiyalelo ekwazisweni kokufaka.
   Qaphela Abasebenzisi be-Windows bangabona ukufinyelela nemilayezo yokuphepha phakathi nokufaka. Yamukela imiyalo ukuze uqedele ukufaka.
4. Lapho isifaki siqeda, khetha Vala Phansi ebhokisini lengxoxo elikutshela ukuthi uqale kabusha, uvale, noma uqale kabusha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ifaka Idivayisi
Faka yonke isofthiwe ohlela ukuyisebenzisa ngaphambi kokufaka ihadiwe.
Qaphela Idivayisi ye-USRP ixhuma kukhompuyutha engusokhaya isebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-gigabit Ethernet esijwayelekile. Bheka imibhalo yesixhumi esibonakalayo se-gigabit Ethernet ukuze uthole imiyalelo yokufaka neyokulungisa.

1. Amandla kukhompuyutha.
2. Namathisela uthi noma ikhebula kumatheminali ephaneli yangaphambili yedivayisi ye-USRP njengoba uthanda.
3. Sebenzisa ikhebula le-Ethernet ukuze uxhume idivayisi ye-USRP kukhompuyutha. Ngokusebenza okuphezulu nge-Ethernet, i-NI incoma ukuthi uxhume idivayisi ngayinye ye-USRP kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-gigabit Ethernet esizinikele kukhompuyutha yomsingathi.
4. Xhuma ugesi we-AC/DC kudivayisi ye-USRP.
5. Xhuma indawo kagesi endaweni ephuma odongeni. I-Windows ibona ngokuzenzakalelayo idivayisi ye-USRP.

Ukuvumelanisa Amadivayisi Amaningi (Ongakukhetha)
Ungakwazi ukuxhuma amadivayisi amabili e-USRP ukuze abelane ngamawashi noxhumo lwe-Ethernet kumsingathi.

1. Xhuma ikhebula le-MIMO embotsheni ye-MIMO EXPANSION yedivayisi ngayinye.
   
2. Uma ungakakwenzi lokho, namathisela izinti emishinini ye-USRP.
   Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa idivayisi ye-USRP eyodwa njengesitholi kanti enye njengesidluliseli, namathisela uthi olulodwa embobeni ye-RX 1 TX 1 yesidluliseli, bese unamathisela olunye uthi
   Imbobo ye-RX 2 yomamukeli.

Umshayeli we-NI-USRP uhamba nabathileampukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisela ukuhlola uxhumano lwe-MIMO, okuhlanganisa Okokufaka Okuningi Okuvumelanisiwe kwe-USRP EX Rx (Ukunwetshwa kwe-MIMO) kanye ne-USRP EX Tx Multiple Synchronized Outputs (MIMO Expansion).

Ilungiselela Idivayisi

Ukusetha Inethiwekhi (i-Ethernet Kuphela)
Idivayisi ixhumana nekhompuyutha engusokhaya nge-gigabit Ethernet. Setha inethiwekhi ukuze unike amandla ukuxhumana nedivayisi.
Qaphela Amakheli e-IP wekhompuyutha engusokhaya kanye nedivayisi ngayinye exhunyiwe ye-USRP kufanele ihluke.
Ilungiselela I-Host Ethernet Interface enekheli le-IP elimile
Ikheli le-IP elizenzakalelayo ledivayisi ye-USRP lithi 192.168.10.2.

1. Qinisekisa ukuthi ikhompuyutha engusokhaya isebenzisa ikheli le-IP elimile.
   Ungase udinge ukushintsha izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi zoxhumano lwendawo yasendaweni usebenzisa Iphaneli Yokulawula kukhompuyutha engusokhaya. Cacisa ikheli le-IP elimile ekhasini le-Protocol le-inthanethi yenguqulo 4 (TCP/IPv4).
2. Lungiselela isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Ethernet yomsingathi ngekheli le-IP elimile ku-subnet efanayo nedivayisi exhunyiwe ukuze unike amandla ukuxhumana, njengoba kuboniswe kuthebula elilandelayo.

Ithebula 1. Amakheli e-IP amile

Isakhi	Ikheli
Ikheli le-IP elingaguquki lokusingatha i-Ethernet interface	192.168.10.1
Imaski ye-subnet yokusingatha i-Ethernet	255.255.255.0
Ikheli le-IP ledivayisi ye-USRP ezenzakalelayo	192.168.10.2

Qaphela I-NI-USRP isebenzisa i-da yomsebenzisitagram protocol (UDP) okusakaza amaphakethe ukuze kutholakale idivayisi. Kwamanye amasistimu, i-firewall ivimba amaphakethe okusakaza e-UDP.
I-NI incoma ukuthi uguqule noma ukhubaze izilungiselelo zohlelo lokuvikela ukuze uvumele ukuxhumana nedivayisi.
Ukushintsha ikheli le-IP
Ukushintsha ikheli le-IP ledivayisi ye-USRP, kufanele wazi ikheli lamanje ledivayisi, futhi kufanele ulungiselele inethiwekhi.

1. Qinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi yakho ivuliwe futhi ixhunywe kukhompuyutha yakho usebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-gigabit Ethernet.
2. Khetha okuthi Qala»Zonke Izinhlelo»Izinsimbi Zesizwe»NI-USRP»NI-USRP Configuration Utility ukuze uvule I-NI-USRP Configuration Utility, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esilandelayo.
   Idivayisi yakho kufanele ivele ohlwini olungakwesokunxele sethebhu.
3. Khetha ithebhu Amadivayisi wokusetshenziswa.
4. Ohlwini, khetha idivayisi ofuna ukushintshela yona ikheli le-IP.
   Uma unamadivayisi amaningi, qinisekisa ukuthi ukhethe idivayisi elungile.
   Ikheli le-IP ledivayisi ekhethiwe liboniswa ebhokisini lombhalo Lekheli Le-IP Elikhethiwe.
5. Faka ikheli le-IP elisha ledivayisi ebhokisini lombhalo Lekheli Le-IP Elisha.
6. Chofoza inkinobho ethi Shintsha Ikheli Le-IP noma cindezela ukushintsha ikheli le-IP.
   Ikheli le-IP ledivayisi ekhethiwe liboniswa ebhokisini lombhalo Lekheli Le-IP Elikhethiwe.
7. Uhlelo lokusebenza likuvumela ukuthi uqinisekise ukukhetha kwakho. Chofoza okuthi KULUNGILE uma ukukhetha kwakho kulungile; uma kungenjalo, chofoza okuthi Khansela.
8. Uhlelo lubonisa isiqinisekiso sokukhombisa ukuthi inqubo isiphelile. Chofoza okuthi KULUNGILE.
9. Umjikelezo wamandla idivayisi ukuze usebenzise izinguquko.
10. Ngemva kokushintsha ikheli le-IP, kufanele ujikeleze idivayisi bese uchofoza okuthi Vuselela Uhlu Lwamadivayisi kusisetshenziswa ukuze ubuyekeze uhlu lwamadivayisi.

Iqinisekisa Uxhumo Lwenethiwekhi

1. Khetha okuthi Qala»Zonke Izinhlelo» Izinsimbi Zikazwelonke NI-USRP»NI-USRP
   I-Configuration Utility ukuvula i-NI-USRP Configuration Utility.
2. Khetha ithebhu Amadivayisi wokusetshenziswa.

Idivayisi yakho kufanele ivele kukholomu ye-ID yedivayisi.
Qaphela Uma idivayisi yakho ingekho ohlwini, qinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi yakho ivuliwe futhi ixhumeke ngendlela efanele, bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi Vuselela Uhlu Lwamadivayisi ukuze uskene amadivayisi e-USRP.

Ilungiselela Amadivayisi Amaningi nge-Ethernet
Ungaxhuma amadivayisi amaningi ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• Ama-interface amaningi e-Ethernet—Idivayisi eyodwa yesixhumi esibonakalayo ngasinye
• Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Ethernet eyodwa—Idivayisi eyodwa exhunywe kusixhumi esibonakalayo, enamadivayisi engeziwe axhunywe kusetshenziswa ikhebula le-MIMO ongazikhethela lona
• I-Single Ethernet interface—Amadivayisi amaningi axhunywe kuswishi engaphethwe
  Ithiphu Ukwabelana ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-gigabit Ethernet phakathi kwamadivayisi kungase kunciphise ukudlula kwesignali kukonke. Ukuze uthole umthamo omkhulu wesignali, i-NI incoma ukuthi ungaxhumeki idivayisi engaphezu kweyodwa ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Ethernet.

Multiple Ethernet Interfaces
Ukuze ulungiselele amadivayisi amaningi axhunywe ekuhlukaniseni ukuxhumana kwe-gigabit Ethernet, yabela isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Ethernet ngayinye i-subnet ehlukile, futhi unikeze idivayisi ehambisanayo ikheli kuleyo subnet, njengoba kuboniswe kuthebula elilandelayo.

Idivayisi	Ikheli lasesizindeni se-intanethi	I-Host Subnet Mask	Ikheli le-IP yedivayisi
Idivayisi ye-USRP 0	192.168.10.1	255.255.255.0	192.168.10.2
Idivayisi ye-USRP 1	192.168.11.1	255.255.255.0	192.168.11.2

I-Single Ethernet Interface—Idivayisi Eyodwa
Ungamisa amadivayisi amaningi usebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo somsingathi oyedwa we-Ethernet lapho amadivayisi axhumeke kwelinye usebenzisa ikhebula le-MIMO.

1. Nikeza idivayisi ngayinye ikheli le-IP elihlukile ku-subnet yesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Ethernet yomsingathi, njengoba kuboniswe kuthebula elilandelayo.
   Ithebula 3. I-Single Host Ethernet Interface—Ukucushwa kwe-MIMO

   Idivayisi	Ikheli lasesizindeni se-intanethi	I-Host Subnet Mask	Ikheli le-IP yedivayisi
   Idivayisi ye-USRP 0	192.168.10.1	255.255.255.0	192.168.10.2
   Idivayisi ye-USRP 1	192.168.11.1	255.255.255.0	192.168.11.2

2. Xhuma Idivayisi 0 kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-Ethernet futhi uxhume Idivayisi 1 Kudivayisi 0 usebenzisa intambo ye-MIMO.

I-Single Ethernet Interface—Amadivayisi Amaningi Axhunywe Kushintsho Olungalawulwa
Ungakwazi ukuxhuma amadivayisi amaningi e-USRP kukhompuyutha engusokhaya ngokusebenzisa iswishi ye-gigabit Ethernet engalawulwa evumela i-adaptha ye-gigabit Ethernet eyodwa kukhompuyutha ukuthi ixhumane namadivayisi amaningi e-USRP axhunywe kuswishi.
Yabela umsingathi we-Ethernet interface i-subnet, futhi unikeze idivayisi ngayinye ikheli kuleyo subnet, njengoba kuboniswe kuthebula elilandelayo.
Ithebula 4. I-Single Host Ethernet Interface—Ukucushwa Kokushintsha Okungalawulwa

Idivayisi	Ikheli lasesizindeni se-intanethi	I-Host Subnet Mask	Ikheli le-IP yedivayisi
Idivayisi ye-USRP 0	192.168.10.1	255.255.255.0	192.168.10.2
Idivayisi ye-USRP 1	192.168.11.1	255.255.255.0	192.168.11.2

Ukuhlela Idivayisi

Ungasebenzisa umshayeli wensimbi ye-NI-USRP ukuze udale izinhlelo zokuxhumana zedivayisi ye-USRP.
I-NI-USRP Instrument Driver
Umshayeli wensimbi ye-NI-USRP uhlanganisa isethi yemisebenzi nezakhiwo ezisebenzisa amandla wedivayisi ye-USRP, okuhlanganisa ukumisa, ukulawula, neminye imisebenzi eqondene nedivayisi.
Ulwazi Oluhlobene
Bheka Imanuwali ye-NI-USRP ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nokusebenzisa umshayeli wezinsimbi ezinhlelweni zakho.
I-NI-USRP Exampizifundo kanye Izifundo
I-NI-USRP ihlanganisa ama-ex ambalwaampizifundo kanye nezifundo ze-LabVIEW, LabVIEW I-NXG, kanye neLabVIEW I-Communication System Design Suite. Zingasetshenziswa ngazodwana noma njengezingxenye zezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
I-NI-USRP exampizifundo kanye nezifundo zitholakala ezindaweni ezilandelayo.

Okuqukethwe Uhlobo	Incazelo	IlebhuVIEW	IlebhuVIEW I-NXG 2.1 kuya kwamanje noma ilebhuVIEW I-Communication System Design Suite 2.1 kuye kwamanje
ExampLes	I-NI-USRP ihlanganisa ama-ex ambalwaample izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza njengamathuluzi asebenzisanayo, amamodeli ezinhlelo, namabhulokhi wokwakha ezinhlelweni zakho zokusebenza. I-NI-USRP ihlanganisa isibamples for ukuqalisa kanye nokunye ukusebenza kwe-software-defined radio (SDR). Qaphela Ungakwazi ukufinyelela isib esengeziweampokuncane okuvela Emphakathini Wokwabelana Ngekhodi ku ni . com/usrp.	• Kusukela kumenyu yokuQala kokuthi Qala» Zonke Izinhlelo» Izinsimbi Zezwe »N I- USRP» ExampLes. • EseLebhuVIEW Iphalethi yemisebenzi ku-Instrument 1/0»Abashayeli Bensimbi»NIUSRP» ExampLes.	• Kuthebhu yokufunda, khetha Examples» Okokufaka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha kanye nokuphumayo» NiUSRP. • Kuthebhu yokufunda, khetha Examples» Okokufaka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha kanye nokuphumayo NI USRP RIO.
Izifundo	I-NI-USRP ihlanganisa izifundo ezikuqondisayo ohlelweni lokuhlonza nokwehlisa isignali ye-FM ngedivayisi yakho.	–	Kuthebhu yokufunda, khetha Izifundo» Ukuqalisa» Ukwehliswa kwezimpawu ze-FM nge-NI… bese ukhetha umsebenzi ongawufeza.

Qaphela I-NI ExampI-le Finder ayifaki i-NI-USRP exampLes.

Ukuqinisekisa Uxhumo Lwedivayisi (Ongakukhetha)
Ukuqinisekisa Ukuxhumeka Kwedivayisi Kusetshenziswa IlebhuVIEW NXG noma
IlebhuVIEW I-Communication System Design Suite 2.1 ukuya kwamanje
Sebenzisa i-USRP Rx Continuous Async ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi idivayisi ithola amasignali futhi ixhunywe kahle kukhompuyutha yokusingatha.

1. Zulazulela kokuthi Ukufunda»Examples »Okokufaka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha kanye nokuphumayo»NI-USRP»NI-USRP.
2. Khetha i-Rx Continuous Async. Chofoza okuthi Dala.
3. Sebenzisa i-USRP Rx Eqhubekayo ye-Async.
   Uma idivayisi ithola amasignali uzobona idatha kumagrafu ephaneli yangaphambili.
4. Chofoza okuthi MISA ukuze uqedele ukuhlola.

Ukuqinisekisa Ukuxhumeka Kwedivayisi Kusetshenziswa IlebhuVIEW
Yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-loopback ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi idivayisi idlulisa futhi yamukele amasignali futhi ixhumeke kahle kukhompuyutha yokusingatha.

1. Namathisela i-attenuator engu-30 dB efakiwe ekugcineni kwekhebula ye-SMA (m)-to-SMA (m).
2. Xhuma i-attenuator engu-30 dB kusixhumi se-RX 2 TX 2 kuphaneli yangaphambili yedivayisi ye-USRP bese uxhuma enye ingxenye yekhebula ye-SMA (m)-to-SMA (m) embobeni ye-RX 1 TX 1.
3. Kukhompyutha yomsingathi, zulazulela ku »Izinsimbi Zezwe»LabVIEW »isibamples»instr»niUSRP.
4. Vula i-niUSRP EX Tx Continuous Async example VI bese uyiqhuba.
   Uma idivayisi ithumela amasignali, igrafu ye-I/Q ibonisa amagagasi e-I kanye no-Q.
5. Vula i-niUSRP EX Rx Eqhubekayo ye-Async example VI bese uyiqhuba.
   Uma idivayisi ithumela amasignali, igrafu ye-I/Q ibonisa amagagasi e-I kanye no-Q.

Ukuxazulula inkinga

Uma inkinga iqhubeka ngemva kokuqeda inqubo yokuxazulula inkinga, xhumana nosekelo lwezobuchwepheshe lwe-NI noma vakashela ku-ni.com/support.
Ukuxazulula Inkinga Yedivayisi
Kungani Idivayisi Ingavuli?
Hlola ukunikezwa kwamandla ngokufaka i-adaptha ehlukile.
Kungani I-USRP2 Ivela Esikhundleni Sedivayisi ye-USRP ku-NI-USRP Configuration Utility?

• Ikheli le-IP elingalungile kukhompuyutha lingabangela leli phutha. Hlola ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi bese usebenzisa i-NI-USRP Configuration Utility futhi.
• I-FPGA endala noma isithombe se-firmware esisetshenziswa singase sibangele leli phutha. Thuthukisa i-FPGA kanye ne-firmware usebenzisa i-NI-USRP Configuration Utility.

Ingabe Kufanele Ngibuyekeze I-Firmware Yedivayisi kanye Nezithombe Ze-FPGA?
Amadivayisi e-USRP athunyelwa nge-firmware nezithombe ze-FPGA ezihambisana nesoftware yomshayeli we-NI-USRP. Ungase udinge ukubuyekeza idivayisi ukuze ihambisane nenguqulo yakamuva yesofthiwe.
Uma usebenzisa i-NI-USRP API, i-FPGA ezenzakalelayo ilayisha isuka ekugcinweni okuqhubekayo kudivayisi.
Imidiya yesofthiwe yomshayeli ihlanganisa ne-NI-USRP Configuration Utility, ongayisebenzisa ukuze ubuyekeze amadivayisi.

Ibuyekeza I-Firmware Yedivayisi kanye Nezithombe ze-FPGA (Ongakukhetha)
I-firmware nezithombe ze-FPGA zamadivayisi we-USRP zigcinwa kumemori yangaphakathi yedivayisi.
Ungakwazi ukulayisha kabusha isithombe se-FPGA noma isithombe se-firmware usebenzisa i-NI-USRP Configuration Utility kanye noxhumo lwe-Ethernet, kodwa awukwazi ukudala izithombe ze-FPGA zangokwezifiso usebenzisa uxhumano lwe-Ethernet.

1. Uma ungakakwenzi lokho, xhuma ikhompuyutha yokusingatha kudivayisi usebenzisa imbobo ye-Ethernet.
2. Khetha okuthi Qala»Zonke Izinhlelo»Izinsimbi Zesizwe»NI-USRP»NI-USRP Configuration Utility ukuze uvule I-NI-USRP Configuration Utility.
3. Khetha ithebhu ethi N2xx/NI-29xx Image Updater. Insiza igcwalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izinkambu ze-Firmware Image kanye ne-FPGA Image nezindlela eziya ku-firmware ezenzakalelayo nesithombe se-FPGA. files. Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa ezahlukene files, chofoza inkinobho ethi Phequlula eduze kwe file ufuna ukushintsha, bese uzulazula uye ku- file ofuna ukusebenzisa.
4. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-firmware nezindlela zesithombe ze-FPGA zifakwe ngendlela efanele.
5. Chofoza inkinobho ethi Vuselela Uhlu Lwedivayisi ukuze uskene amadivayisi e-USRP futhi ubuyekeze uhlu lwamadivayisi.
   Uma idivayisi yakho ingaveli ohlwini, qinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi ivuliwe futhi ixhumeke kahle kukhompuyutha.
   Uma idivayisi yakho namanje ingaveli ohlwini, ungakwazi ukwengeza mathupha idivayisi ohlwini. Chofoza inkinobho Yengeza Idivayisi ngokwenza, faka ikheli le-IP ledivayisi ebhokisini lengxoxo elibonisayo, bese uchofoza okuthi KULUNGILE.
6. Khetha idivayisi ozoyibuyekeza ohlwini lwedivayisi futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukhethe idivayisi elungile.
7. Qinisekisa ukuthi inguqulo yesithombe se-FPGA file ifana nokubuyekezwa kwebhodi kwedivayisi oyibuyekezayo.
8. Ukuze ubuyekeze idivayisi, chofoza inkinobho ethi BHALA IZITHOMBE.
9. Ibhokisi lebhokisi lokuqinisekisa liyaboniswa. Qinisekisa ukukhetha kwakho bese uchofoza okuthi KULUNGILE ukuze uqhubeke.
   Ibha yenqubekelaphambili ibonisa isimo sesibuyekezo.
10. Uma isibuyekezo siqeda, ibhokisi lengxoxo likutshela ukuthi usethe kabusha idivayisi. Ukusetha kabusha idivayisi kusebenzisa izithombe ezintsha kudivayisi. Chofoza okuthi KULUNGILE ukuze usethe kabusha idivayisi.
    Qaphela Insiza ayiphenduli ngenkathi iqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi isethwe kabusha ngendlela efanele.
11. Vala insiza.

Ulwazi Oluhlobene
Bheka ethi Layisha Izithombe engxenyeni ye-On-board Flash (USRP-N Series Only) ye-UHD – USRP2 kanye ne-N Series Application Notes.
Kungani Idivayisi ye-USRP Ingabonakali ku-MAX?
I-MAX ayisekeli idivayisi ye-USRP. Sebenzisa i-NI-USRP Configuration Utility esikhundleni salokho.
Vula i-NI-USRP Configuration Utility kusukela kumenyu yokuQala kokuthi Qala»Zonke Izinhlelo» Izinsimbi Zikazwelonke»NI-USRP»NI-USRP Configuration Utility.

Kungani Idivayisi ye-USRP Ingabonakali Ku-NI-USRP Configuration Utility?

1. Hlola ukuxhumana phakathi kwedivayisi ye-USRP nekhompyutha.
2. Qinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi ye-USRP ixhunywe kukhompuyutha ene-adaptha ye-Ethernet ehambisana ne-gigabit.
3. Qinisekisa ukuthi ikheli le-IP elimile elithi 192.168.10.1 linikezwe i-adaptha kukhompyutha yakho.
4. Vumela kufika kumasekhondi angu-15 ukuze idivayisi iqale ngokuphelele.
   Kungani ungafaki i-NI-USRP Examples Kuvela ku-NI Example Finder kuLabVIEW?
   I-NI-USRP ayifaki examples ku-NI Example Finder.

Ulwazi Oluhlobene
I-NI-USRP Exampizifundo kanye Izifundo ekhasini 9
Ukuxazulula Inkinga Yenethiwekhi
Kungani Idivayisi Ingaphenduli Ku-Ping (Isicelo Se-ICMP Echo)?
Idivayisi kufanele iphendule isicelo se-echo sokulawulwa kwe-inthanethi komlayezo (i-ICMP).
Qedela izinyathelo ezilandelayo ukuze ubethe idivayisi futhi uthole impendulo.

1. Ukuze ubethe idivayisi, vula umyalo womyalo we-Windows bese ufaka i-ping 192.168.10.2, lapho 192.168.10.2 kuyikheli le-IP ledivayisi yakho ye-USRP.
2. Uma ungayitholi impendulo, qinisekisa ukuthi ikhadi lesixhumi esibonakalayo somsingathi lisethwe ekhelini le-IP elingashintshi elihambisana ne-subnet efanayo nekheli le-IP ledivayisi ehambisanayo.
3. Qinisekisa ukuthi ikheli le-IP yedivayisi lisethwe kahle.
4. Phinda isinyathelo sesi-1.

Ulwazi Oluhlobene
Ukushintsha Ikheli Le-IP ekhasini 6
Kungani i-NI-USRP Configuration Utility Ingabuyisi Uhlu Lwedivayisi Yami?
Uma i-NI-USRP Configuration Utility ingabuyisi uhlu lwedivayisi yakho, sesha ikheli le-IP elithile.

1. Zulazulela ku Files>\Izinsimbi Zesizwe\NI-USRP\.
2. -chofoza kwesokudla ifolda yezinsiza, bese ukhetha Vula iwindi lomyalo lapha kumenyu yesinqamuleli ukuze uvule umyalo womyalo weWindows.
3. Faka uhd_find_devices -args=addr= 192.168.10.2 kumyalo womyalo, lapho 192.168.10.2 kuyikheli le-IP ledivayisi yakho ye-USRP.
4. Cindezela .
   Uma umyalo we-uhd_find_devices ungabuyisi ukufakwa kuhlu kwedivayisi yakho, i-firewall ingase ivimbele izimpendulo zamaphakethe okusakaza e-UDP. IWindows iyafaka futhi inike amandla i-firewall ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ukuze uvumele ukuxhumana kwe-UDP ngocingo, vala noma iyiphi isofthiwe yohlelo lokuvikela ehlotshaniswa nesixhumi esibonakalayo senethiwekhi yedivayisi.

Kungani Ikheli Le-IP Yedivayisi Lingasethwa Kabusha libe Okumisiwe?
Uma ungakwazi ukusetha kabusha ikheli le-IP ledivayisi elimisiwe, idivayisi yakho ingase ibe kwenye i-subnet ehlukile kune-adaptha yenethiwekhi yomsingathi. Ungakwazi ukujikeleza idivayisi ngamandla esithombeni esiphephile (sokufunda kuphela), esisetha idivayisi ekhelini le-IP elizenzakalelayo le-  192.168.10.2.

1. Vula indawo evalekile yedivayisi, wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi uthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele.
2. Thola inkinobho yemodi ephephile, inkinobho yokusunduza (S2), ngaphakathi kwendawo ebiyelwe.
3. Cindezela futhi ubambe inkinobho yemodi ephephile ngenkathi ujikeleza idivayisi.
4. Qhubeka ucindezela inkinobho yemodi ephephile kuze kube yilapho ama-LED ephaneli yangaphambili ecwayiza futhi ehlala eqinile.
5.  Ngenkathi ukumodi ephephile, sebenzisa i-NI-USRP Configuration Utility ukuze uguqule ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi ukusuka kokumisiwe, 192.168.10.2, ukuya kunani elisha.
6. Zungezisa idivayisi ngaphandle kokubamba inkinobho yemodi ephephile ukuze ubuyisele imodi evamile.
   Qaphela I-NI incoma ukuthi usebenzise inethiwekhi ezinikele engenawo amanye amadivaysi e-USRP axhunywe kukhompuyutha yokusingatha ukuze ugweme ukuthi kungenzeka kube khona ukungqubuzana kwekheli le-IP. Futhi, qinisekisa ukuthi ikheli le-IP elimile le-adaptha yenethiwekhi yomsingathi kukhompyutha esebenzisa i-NI-USRP Configuration Utility lihlukile ekhelini le-IP elizenzakalelayo ledivayisi. 192.168.10.2 futhi ihlukile ekhelini le-IP elisha ofuna ukusetha idivayisi kulo.
   Qaphela Uma ikheli le-IP ledivayisi liku-subnet ehlukile kune-adaptha yenethiwekhi yomsingathi, uhlelo lomsingathi kanye nensiza yokumisa ayikwazi ukuxhumana nayo futhi ilungiselele idivayisi. Okwesiboneloample, insiza iyabona, kodwa ayikwazi ukumisa idivayisi enekheli le-IP elingu-192.168.11.2 elixhunywe ku-adaptha yenethiwekhi yomsingathi enekheli le-IP elingashintshi 192.168.10.1 nesifihla se-subnet se- 255.255.255.0. Ukuze uxhumane futhi ulungiselele idivayisi, shintsha i-adaptha yenethiwekhi yomsingathi ibe ikheli le-IP elimile ku-subnet efanayo nedivayisi, njenge 192.168.11.1, noma ushintshe imaski ye-subnet ye-adaptha yenethiwekhi yomsingathi ukuze ubone ububanzi obubanzi bamakheli e-IP, njenge 255.255.0.0.

Ulwazi Oluhlobene
Ukushintsha Ikheli Le-IP ekhasini 6
Kungani Idivayisi Ingaxhumi Ku-Host Interface?
Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Ethernet yomsingathi kufanele kube isixhumi esibonakalayo se-gigabit Ethernet ukuze sixhumeke kudivayisi ye-USRP.
Qinisekisa ukuthi uxhumo phakathi kwekhadi lesixhumi esibonakalayo somsingathi kanye noxhumo lwekhebula ledivayisi luvumelekile futhi kokubili idivayisi nekhompyutha kuvuliwe.
I-LED eluhlaza ekhanyayo ekhoneni elingaphezulu kwesokunxele lembobo yokuxhumana ye-gigabit Ethernet kuphaneli yangaphambili yedivayisi ikhombisa ukuxhumana kwe-gigabit Ethernet.

Amaphaneli angaphambili nezixhumi

Ukuxhumana Okuqondile Kudivayisi
Idivayisi ye-USRP iyithuluzi le-RF elinembayo elizwela i-ESD kanye nesikhashana. Qinisekisa ukuthi uthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezilandelayo uma uxhuma ngqo kudivayisi ye-USRP ukuze ugweme ukulimaza idivayisi.
Qaphela Faka amasignali angaphandle kuphela ngenkathi idivayisi ye-USRP ivuliwe.
Ukusebenzisa amasignali angaphandle ngenkathi idivayisi ivaliwe kungase kudale umonakalo.

• Qinisekisa ukuthi usekelwe phansi ngendlela efanele lapho ushintsha izintambo noma izimpondo ezixhunywe kudivayisi ye-USRP TX 1 RX 1 noma isixhumi se-RX 2.
• Uma usebenzisa amadivayisi angahlanganisiwe, afana nothi lwe-RF olungahlangene, qinisekisa ukuthi amadivayisi agcinwa endaweni engena-static.
• Uma usebenzisa idivayisi esebenzayo, njenge-preampi-lifier noma ushintshele ku-USRP idivayisi TX 1 RX 1 noma isixhumi se-RX 2, qinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi ayikwazi ukukhiqiza amasignali adlulayo amakhulu kunezicaciso ze-RF ne-DC zedivayisi ye-USRP ye-TX 1 RX 1 noma i-RX 2 isixhumi.

Iphaneli yangaphambili ye-USRP-2920 nama-LED

Ithebula 5. Izincazelo zesixhumi

Isixhumi	Incazelo
RX I TX I	Okokufaka nokukhiphayo kwesiginali ye-RF. I-RX I TX Ngiyisixhumi se-SMA (f) esine-impedance engu-50 12 futhi iyisiteshi esiphumayo esinesiphelo esisodwa noma esiphumayo.
RX 2	Okokufaka kwetheminali yesiginali ye-RF. I-RX 2 iyisixhumi se-SMA (f) esine-impedance engu-50 CI futhi iyishaneli yokufaka enesiphetho esisodwa.
REF IN	Okokufaka kwetheminali yesiginali yereferensi yangaphandle ye-oscillator yendawo (LO) kudivayisi. I-REF IN iyi-SMA (isixhumi esingu-0 esine-impedance engu-50 CI futhi iyireferensi yokufaka okokufaka okukodwa. I-REF IN yamukela isignali engu-10 MHz enamandla okufaka amancane angu-0 dBm (.632 Vpk-pk) kanye namandla okufaka aphezulu angu-15 dBm (3.56 Vpk-pk) wegagasi lesikwele noma i-sine wave.
I-PPS IN	Okokufaka kwetheminali yereferensi yesikhathi sokushaya ngomzuzwana (PPS). I-PPS IN iyisixhumi se-SMA (t) esine-impedance engu-50 12 futhi iwukufaka okukodwa. I-PPS IN yamukela i-0 V ukuya ku-3.3 V TTL kanye namasignali angu-0 V kuya ku-5 V TTL.
UKWAndiswa kwe-MIMO	Imbobo yokuxhumana ye-MIMO EXPANSION ixhuma amadivayisi amabili e-USRP kusetshenziswa intambo ye-MIMO ehambisanayo.
GB ETHERNET	Imbobo ye-gigabit Ethernet yamukela isixhumi se-RJ-45 nekhebula ehambisanayo ye-gigabit Ethernet (Isigaba 5, Isigaba 5e, noma Isigaba 6).
AMANDLA	Okokufaka kwamandla kwamukela isixhumi samandla esingu-6 V, 3 A sangaphandle se-DC.

Ithebula 6. Izinkomba ze-LED

I-LED	Incazelo	Umbala	Inkomba
A	Ibonisa isimo sokudlulisa socingo.	Valiwe	Idivayisi ayithumeli idatha.
		Okuhlaza	Idivayisi idlulisa idatha.
B	Ibonisa isimo sesixhumanisi sekhebula le-MIMO.	Valiwe	Amadivayisi awaxhunyiwe kusetshenziswa intambo ye-MIMO.
		Okuhlaza	Amadivayisi axhunywe kusetshenziswa intambo ye-MIMO.
C	Ibonisa isimo sokwamukela sedivayisi.	Valiwe	Idivayisi ayitholi idatha.
		Okuhlaza	Idivayisi ithola idatha.
D	Ibonisa isimo se-firmware sedivayisi.	Valiwe	I-firmware ayilayishiwe.
		Okuhlaza	I-firmware ilayishiwe.
E	Ibonisa isimo sokukhiya isithenjwa se-LO kudivayisi.	Valiwe	Asikho isignali yereferensi, noma i-LO ayikhiyiwe kusiginali yereferensi.
		Ukucwayiza	I-LO ayikhiyiwe kusiginali yereferensi.
		Okuhlaza	I-LO ikhiyiwe kusiginali yereferensi.
F	Ibonisa isimo samandla edivayisi.	Valiwe	Idivayisi ivaliwe.
		Okuhlaza	Idivayisi ivuliwe.

Iphaneli yangaphambili ye-USRP-2921 nama-LED

Ithebula 7. Izincazelo zesixhumi

Isixhumi	Incazelo
RX ngi TX I	Okokufaka nokukhiphayo kwesiginali ye-RF. I-RX I TX Ngiyisixhumi se-SMA (f) esine-impedance engu-50 12 futhi iyisiteshi esiphumayo esinesiphelo esisodwa noma esiphumayo.
RX 2	Okokufaka kwetheminali yesiginali ye-RF. I-RX 2 iyisixhumi se-SMA (f) esine-impedance engu-50 fl futhi iyishaneli yokufaka enesiphetho esisodwa.
REF IN	Okokufaka kwetheminali yesiginali yereferensi yangaphandle ye-oscillator yendawo (LO) kudivayisi. I-REF IN iyisixhumi se-SMA (f) esine-impedance engu-50 SI futhi siyireferensi yokufaka okukodwa. I-REF IN yamukela isignali engu-10 MHz enamandla okokufaka amancane angu-0 dBm (.632 Vpk-pk) kanye namandla okufaka aphezulu we-IS dBm (3.56 Vpk-pk) wegagasi lesikwele noma i-sine wave.
I-PPS IN	Okokufaka kwetheminali yereferensi yesikhathi sokushaya ngomzuzwana (PPS). I-PPS IN iyisixhumi se-SMA (f) esine-impedance engu-50 12 futhi iwukufaka okukodwa. I-PPS IN yamukela i-0 V kuye ku-3.3 V TTL kanye ne-0 V kuya ku-5 V amasignali we-TEL.
UKWAndiswa kwe-MIMO	Imbobo yokuxhumana ye-MIMO EXPANSION ixhuma amadivayisi amabili e-USRP kusetshenziswa intambo ye-MIMO ehambisanayo.
GB ETHERNET	Imbobo ye-gigabit Ethernet yamukela isixhumi se-RJ-45 nekhebula ehambisanayo ye-gigabit Ethernet (Isigaba 5, Isigaba 5e, noma Isigaba 6).
AMANDLA	Okokufaka kwamandla kwamukela isixhumi samandla esingu-6 V, 3 A sangaphandle se-DC.

Ithebula 8. Izinkomba ze-LED

I-LED	Incazelo	Umbala	Inkomba
A	Ibonisa isimo sokudlulisa socingo.	Valiwe	Idivayisi ayithumeli idatha.
		Okuhlaza	Idivayisi idlulisa idatha.
B	Ibonisa isimo sesixhumanisi sekhebula le-MIMO.	Valiwe	Amadivayisi awaxhunyiwe kusetshenziswa intambo ye-MIMO.
		Okuhlaza	Amadivayisi axhunywe kusetshenziswa intambo ye-MIMO.
C	Ibonisa isimo sokwamukela sedivayisi.	Valiwe	Idivayisi ayitholi idatha.
		Okuhlaza	Idivayisi ithola idatha.
D	Ibonisa isimo se-firmware sedivayisi.	Valiwe	I-firmware ayilayishiwe.
		Okuhlaza	I-firmware ilayishiwe.
E	Ibonisa isimo sokukhiya isithenjwa se-LO kudivayisi.	Valiwe	Asikho isignali yereferensi, noma i-LO ayikhiyiwe kusiginali yereferensi.
		Ukucwayiza	I-LO ayikhiyiwe kusiginali yereferensi.
		Okuhlaza	I-LO ikhiyiwe kusiginali yereferensi.
F	Ibonisa isimo samandla edivayisi.	Valiwe	Idivayisi ivaliwe.
		Okuhlaza	Idivayisi ivuliwe.

Iphaneli yangaphambili ye-USRP-2922 nama-LED

Ithebula 9. Izincazelo zesixhumi

Isixhumi	Incazelo
RX ngi I-TX 1	Okokufaka nokukhiphayo kwesiginali ye-RF. I-RX I TX Ngiyisixhumi se-SMA (f) esine-impedance engu-50 12 futhi iyisiteshi esiphumayo esinesiphelo esisodwa noma esiphumayo.
RX 2	Okokufaka kwetheminali yesiginali ye-RF. I-RX 2 iyisixhumi se-SMA (f) esine-impedance engu-50 ci futhi iyishaneli yokufaka enesiphetho esisodwa.
RE: F IN	Okokufaka kwetheminali yesiginali yereferensi yangaphandle ye-oscillator yendawo (LO) kudivayisi. I-REF IN iyisixhumi se-SMA (f) esine-impedance engu-50 D futhi siyireferensi yokufaka okokufaka okukodwa. I-REF IN yamukela isignali engu-10 MHz enamandla okufakwayo amancane angu-0 dBm (.632 Vpk-pk) kanye namandla okufaka aphezulu angu-15 dBm (3.56 Vpk-pk) wegagasi lesikwele noma i-sine wave.
I-PPS IN	Okokufaka kwetheminali yereferensi yesikhathi sokushaya ngomzuzwana (PPS). I-PPS IN iyisixhumi se-SMA (f) esine-impedance engu-50 CI futhi iwukufaka okukhawulelwe okukodwa. I-PPS IN yamukela i-0 V ukuya ku-3.3 V TTL kanye namasignali angu-0 V kuya ku-5 V TTL.
UKWAndiswa kwe-MIMO	Imbobo yokuxhumana ye-MIMO EXPANSION ixhuma amadivayisi amabili e-USRP kusetshenziswa intambo ye-MIMO ehambisanayo.
GB ETHERNET	Imbobo ye-gigabit Ethernet yamukela isixhumi se-RJ-45 nekhebula ehambisanayo ye-gigabit Ethernet (Isigaba 5, Isigaba 5e, noma Isigaba 6).
AMANDLA	Okokufaka kwamandla kwamukela isixhumi samandla esingu-6 V, 3 A sangaphandle se-DC.

Ithebula 10. Izinkomba ze-LED

I-LED	Incazelo	Umbala	inkomba
A	Ibonisa isimo sokudlulisa socingo.	Valiwe	Idivayisi ayithumeli idatha.
		Okuhlaza	Idivayisi idlulisa idatha.
B	Ibonisa isimo sesixhumanisi sekhebula le-MIMO.	Valiwe	Amadivayisi awaxhunyiwe kusetshenziswa intambo ye-MIMO.
		Okuhlaza	Amadivayisi axhunywe kusetshenziswa intambo ye-MIMO.
C	Ibonisa isimo sokwamukela sedivayisi.	Valiwe	Idivayisi ayitholi idatha.
		Okuhlaza	Idivayisi ithola idatha.
D	Ibonisa isimo se-firmware sedivayisi.	Valiwe	I-firmware ayilayishiwe.
		Okuhlaza	I-firmware ilayishiwe.
E	Ibonisa isimo sokukhiya isithenjwa se-LO kudivayisi.	Valiwe	Asikho isignali yereferensi, noma i-LO ayikhiyiwe kusiginali yereferensi.
		Ukucwayiza	I-LO ayikhiyiwe kusiginali yereferensi.
		Okuhlaza	I-LO ikhiyiwe kusiginali yereferensi.
F	Ibonisa isimo samandla edivayisi.	Valiwe	Idivayisi ivaliwe.
		Okuhlaza	Idivayisi ivuliwe.

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