Raspberry Pi 计算模块 4 用户指南

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文档版本历史

发布	日期	描述
1	Mar 2025	Initial release. This document is heavily based on the ‘Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 forward guidance’ whitepaper.

文件范围

本文档适用于以下树莓派产品：

Pi 0

Pi 1

Pi 2

Pi 3

Pi 4

Pi 400

Pi 5

Pi 500

CM1

CM3

CM4

CM5

微微

Pico2

全部

介绍

Raspberry Pi 计算模块 5 延续了 Raspberry Pi 的传统，采用最新的旗舰 Raspberry Pi 计算机，打造出一款适用于嵌入式应用的小型、硬件等效的产品。Raspberry Pi 计算模块 5 与 Raspberry Pi 计算模块 4 具有相同的紧凑外形，但性能更高，功能更完善。当然，Raspberry Pi 计算模块 4 和 Raspberry Pi 计算模块 5 之间存在一些差异，本文将对此进行介绍。

笔记
For the few customers who are unable to use Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 will stay in production until at least 2034.
The Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 datasheet should be read in conjunction with this whitepaper.
https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm5/cm5-datasheet.pdf

主要特点

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 has the following features:

Quad-core 64-bit Arm Cortex-A76 (Armv8) SoC clocked @ 2.4GHz
2GB, 4GB, 8GB, or 16GB LPDDR4 SDRAM
On-board eMMC flash memory, OGB (Lite model), 16GB, 32GB, or 64GB options

2 个 USB 3.0 端口
1 Gb Ethernet interface
2x 4-lane MIPI ports supporting both DSI and CSI-2
2x HDMI ports able to support 4Kp60 simultaneously
28x GPIO pins
On-board test points to simplify production programming
Internal EEPROM on the bottom to improve security
On-board RTC (external battery via 100-pin connectors)
On-board fan controller
On-board Wi-Fi®/Bluetooth (depending on SKU)
1-lane PCIe 2.0′
Type-C PD PSU support

笔记
Not all SDRAM/eMMC configurations are available. Please check with our sales team.
In some applications PCIe Gen 3.0 is possible, but this is not officially supported.

Raspberry Pi 计算模块 4 兼容性

For most customers, Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 will be pin-compatible with Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4.
The following features have been removed/altered between the Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 and Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 models:

复合视频
The composite output available on Raspberry Pi 5 is NOT routed out on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5
2-lane DSI port
There are two 4-lane DSI ports available on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, muxed with the CSI ports for a total of two

2-lane CSI port
There are two 4-lane CSI ports available on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, muxed with the DSI ports for a total of two
2x ADC inputs

记忆

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4’s maximum memory capacity is 8GB, whereas Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 is available in a 16GB RAM variant.

Unlike Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4, Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 is NOT available in a 1GB RAM variant.

模拟音频

Analogue audio can be muxed onto GPIO pins 12 and 13 on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, in the same way as on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4.

Use the following device tree overlay to assign analogue audio to these pins:

Due to an errata on the RP1 chip, GPIO pins 18 and 19, which could be used for analogue audio on Raspberry Pi Compute Module
4, are not connected to the analogue audio hardware on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 and cannot be used.

笔记
The output is a bitstream rather than a genuine analogue signal. Smoothing capacitors and an ampIO 板上需要放大器来驱动线路电平输出。

USB 启动的变更

USB booting from a flash drive is only supported via the USB 3.0 ports on pins 134/136 and 163/165
Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 does NOT support USB host boot on the USB-C port
Unlike the BCM2711 processor, the BCM2712 does not have an XHCI controller on the USB-C interface, just a DWC2 controller on pins 103/105. Booting using 1800t is done via these pins.

更改为模块复位和掉电模式

1/0 pin 92 is now set to w Button rather than sus PG this means you need to use a PMIC EN to reset the module.

The PRIC ENABLE Signal resets the PMIC, and therefore the SoC. You can view PRIC EN when it’s driven low and released, which is functionally similar to driving tus Po low on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 and releasing it.

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 has the added benefit of being able to reset peripherals via the nEXTRST signal. Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 will emulate this functionality on CAM GPIOT.

GLOBAL EN/PHIC EN are wired directly to the PMIC and bypass the OS completely. On Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, use
GLOBAL EN/PHIC Es to execute a hard (but unsafe) shutdown

If there is a need, when using an existing 10 board, to retain the functionality of toggling I/O pin 92 to start a hard reset, you should intercept the Button at the software level; rather than having it invoke a system shutdown, it can be used to generate a software interrupt and, from there, to trigger a system reset directly (eg. write to S)

Device tree entry handling a power button (arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/bcm2712-rpi-cm5.dtsi).

Code 116 is the standard event code for the kernel’s KEY POWER event, and there is a handler for this in the OS.

Raspberry Pi recommends using kernel watchdogs if you are concerned about the firmware or the OS crashing and leaving the power key unresponsive. ARM watchdog support is already present in Raspberry Pi OS via the device tree, and this can be customised to individual use cases. In addition, a long press/pull on the PIR Button (7 seconds) will cause the PMIC’s built-in handler to shut down the device.

详细的引脚排列变化

CAM1 and DSI1 signals have become dual-purpose and can be used for either a CSI camera or a DSI display.

The pins previously used for CAMO and DSIO on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 now support a USB 3.0 port on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5.

The original Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 VBAC COMP pin is now a VBUS-enabled pin for the two USB 3.0 ports, and is active high. Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 has extra ESD protection on the HDMI, SDA, SCL, HPD, and CEC signals. This is removed from Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 due to space limitations. If required, ESD protection can be applied to the baseboard, although Raspberry Pi Ltd does not regard it as essential.

别针	CM4	CM5	评论
16	同步输入	范塔乔	Fan tacho input
19	Ethernet nLED1	Fan_pwn	Fan PWM output
76	预订的	VBAT	RTC battery. Note: There will be a constant load of a few uA, even if CM5 is powered.
92	RUN_PG	PWR_按钮	Replicates the power button on Raspberry Pi 5. A short press signals that the device should wake up or shut down. A long press forces shutdown.
93	nRPI启动	nRPI启动	If the PWR_Button is low, this pin will also be set low for a short time after power-up.
94	AnalogIP1	CC1	This pin can connect to the CC1 line of a Type-C USB connector to enable the PMIC to negotiate 5A.
96	AnalogIP0	CC2	This pin can connect to the CC2 line of a Type-C USB connector to enable the PMIC to negotiate 5A.
99	Global_EN	PMIC_ENABLE	No external change.
100	nEXTRST	CAM_GPIO1	Pulled up on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, but can be forced low to emulate a reset signal.
104	预订的	PCIE_DET_nWAKE	PCIE nWAKE. Pull up to CM5_3v3 with an 8.2K resistor.
106	预订的	PCIE_PWR_EN	Signals whether the PCIe device can be powered up or down. Active high.
111	VDAC_COMP	VBUS_EN	Output to signal that USB VBUS should be enabled.
128	摄像头0_D0_N	USB3-0-RX_N	May be P/N swapped.
130	CAM0_D0_P	USB3-0-RX_P	May be P/N swapped.
134	摄像头0_D1_N	USB3-0-DP	USB 2.0 signal.
136	CAM0_D1_P	USB3-0-DM	USB 2.0 signal.
140	CAM0_C_N	USB3-0-TX_N	May be P/N swapped.
142	CAM0_C_P	USB3-0-TX_P	May be P/N swapped.
157	DSI0_D0_N	USB3-1-RX_N	May be P/N swapped.
159	DSI0_D0_P	USB3-1-RX_P	May be P/N swapped.
163	DSI0_D1_N	USB3-1-DP	USB 2.0 signal.
165	DSI0_D1_P	USB3-1-DM	USB 2.0 signal.
169	DSI0_C_N	USB3-1-TX_N	May be P/N swapped.
171	DSI0_C_P	USB3-1-TX_P	May be P/N swapped.

除上述内容外，PCIe CLK 信号不再电容耦合。

印刷电路板

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5′s PCB is thicker than Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4′s, measuring at 1.24mm+/-10%.

轨道长度

HDMI0 track lengths have changed. Each P/N pair remains matched, but the skew between pairs is now <1mm for existing motherboards. This is unlikely to make a difference, as the skew between pairs can be in the order of 25 mm.

HDMI1 track lengths have also changed. Each P/N pair remains matched, but the skew between pairs is now <5mm for existing motherboards. This is unlikely to make a difference, as the skew between pairs can be in the order of 25 mm.
以太网轨道长度已更改。每个 P/N 对仍然保持匹配，但对于现有主板，线对之间的偏移现在小于 4 毫米。这不太可能造成影响，因为线对之间的偏移可能在 12 毫米左右。

连接器

两个 100 针连接器已更换为其他品牌。这些连接器与现有连接器兼容，但已在高电流下进行测试。主板上的配套部件是 Amphenol P/N 10164227-1001A1RLF

功率预算

As Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 is significantly more powerful than Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4, it will consume more electrical power. Power supply designs should budget for SV up to 2.5A. If this creates an issue with an existing motherboard design, it is possible to reduce the CPU clock rate to lower the peak power consumption.

The firmware monitors the current limit for USB, which effectively means that usb mas surrant, enable is always 1 on CM5, the 10 board design should take the total USB current required into consideration.

The firmware will report the detected power supply capabilities (if possible) via device-tree. On a running system, see /proc/device tree/chosen/poser/这些 files 存储为 32 位大端二进制数据。

软件变更/要求

从软件角度 viewRaspberry Pi 计算模块 4 和 Raspberry Pi 计算模块 5 之间的硬件变化通过新的设备树向用户隐藏 files，这意味着大多数遵循标准 Linux API 的软件无需更改即可运行。设备树 file确保在启动时加载正确的硬件驱动程序。
设备树 file可以在 Raspberry Pi Linux 内核树中找到。例如amp乐：
https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/blob/rpi-612.y/arch/arm64/boot/dis/broadcom/bom2712-pi-om5.dtsi.

建议迁移至 Raspberry Pi 计算模块 5 的用户使用下表所示的软件版本或更高版本。虽然不强制要求使用 Raspberry Pi OS，但其操作系统具有参考价值，因此将其纳入表中。

软件	版本	日期	笔记
Raspberry Pi OS	Bookworm (12)
固件		From 10 Mar 2025	看 https://pip.raspberrypi.com/categories/685-app-notes-guides- whitepapers/documents/RP-003476-WP/Updating-Pi-firmware.pdf for details on upgrading firmware on an existing image. Note that Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 devices come pre-programmed with appropriate firmware
核心	6.12.x	从 2025	This is the kernel used in Raspberry Pi OS

Moving to standard Linux APIs/libraries from proprietary drivers/
固件

下面列出的所有更改都是 2023 年 4 月从 Raspberry Pi OS Bullseye 过渡到 Raspberry Pi OS Bookworm 的一部分。虽然 Raspberry Pi 计算模块 5 能够使用较旧的已弃用 API（因为所需的旧固件仍然存在），但 Raspberry Pi 计算模块 XNUMX 并非如此。

Raspberry Pi 计算模块 5 与 Raspberry Pi 5 一样，现在依赖于 DRM（直接渲染管理器）显示堆栈，而不是通常称为 DispmanX 的传统堆栈。Raspberry Pi 计算模块 5 上没有 DispmanX 的固件支持，因此迁移到 DRM 至关重要。

A similar requirement applies to cameras, Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 only supports the libcamera library’s API, so older applications that use the legacy firmware MMAL APIs, such as raspi-still and rasps-vid, no longer function.
使用 OpenMAX API（摄像头、编解码器）的应用程序将无法在 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 上运行，因此需要重写以使用 V4L2。例如amp该文件可以在 libcamera-apps GitHub 存储库中找到，它用于访问 H264 编码器硬件。

OMXPlayer is no longer supported, as it also uses the MMAL API for video playback, you should use the VLC application. There is no command-line compatibility between these applications: see the VLC documentation for details on usage.
Raspberry Pi previously published a whitepaper that discusses these changes in more detail: https://pip.raspberrypi.com/categories/685-app-notes-guides-whitepapers/documents/RP-006519-WP/Transitioning-from-Buliseye-to-Bookworm.pdf.

附加信息

While not strictly related to the transition from Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 to Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, Raspberry Pi Ltd has released a new version of the Raspberry Pi Compute Module provisioning software and also has two distro generation tools that users of Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 may find useful.

rpi-sb-provisioner is a minimal-input, automatic secure boot provisioning system for Raspberry Pi devices. It is entirely free to download and use, and can be found on our GitHub page here: https://github.com/raspberrypi/rpi-sb-provisioner.

pi-gen is the tool used to create the official Raspberry Pi OS images, but it is also available for third parties to use to create their own distributions. This is the recommended approach for Raspberry Pi Compute Module applications that require customers to build a custom Raspberry Pi OS-based operating system for their specific use case. This is also free to download and use, and can be found here: https://github.com/RPi-Distro/pi-gen. The pi-gen tool integrates well with rpi-sb-provisioner to provide an end-to-end process for generating secure boot OS images and implementing them on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5.

rpi-image-gen is a new image creation tool (https://github.com/raspberrypi/rpi-image-gen) that may be more appropriate for more lightweight customer distributions

For bring-up and testing and where there is no requirement for the full provisioning system rpiboot is still available on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5. Raspberry Pi Ltd recommends using a host Raspberry Pi SBC running the latest version of Raspberry Pi OS and the latest rathoot from https://github.com/raspberrypi/usbboot. You must use the ‘Mass Storage Gadget option when running rpiboot, as the previous firmware-based option is no longer supported.

联系方式，了解更多信息

请联系
applications@iraspberrypi.com
if you have any queries about this whitepaper.
Web: www.raspberrypi.com

文件/资源

Raspberry Pi 计算模块 4 [pdf] 用户指南
计算模块 4，模块 4

参考

用户手册

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