Ansys 2024 Fluent Fluid Simulation Software Manual

BABI NA 2. FLAT FLAT BOUNDARY LAYER

Makasudai

• Ƙirƙirar Geometry a cikin Ansys Workbench don Ansys Fluent
• Saita Ansys Fluent don Laminar Steady 2D Planar Flow
• Saitin raga
• Zaɓin Sharuɗɗan Iyaka
• Ƙididdigar Gudu
• Amfani da Filaye don Haɓaka Filin Yaɗa Sakamakon Sakamakon
• Kwatanta da Maganin Ka'idar ta amfani da Lambar Lissafi

Bayanin Matsala
A cikin wannan babi, za mu yi amfani da Ansys Fluent don nazarin kwararar laminar mai girma biyu akan farantin kwance. Girman farantin ana la'akari da shi mara iyaka a cikin jagorar da ba ta dace ba kuma saboda haka kwararar ita ce 2D maimakon 3D. Matsakaicin saurin shigarwa don farantin mai tsayi 1 m shine 5 m / s kuma za mu yi amfani da iska azaman ruwa don simintin laminar. Za mu ƙayyade saurin profiles kuma shirya profiles. Za mu fara da ƙirƙirar lissafi da ake buƙata don simintin.

Ƙaddamar da Ansys Workbench da Zaɓin Fluent

1. Fara da ƙaddamar da Ansys Workbench. Danna sau biyu akan Fluid Flow (Fluent) wanda ke ƙarƙashin Tsarin Nazari a Akwatin Kayan aiki.
   Ana ƙaddamar da Ansys DesignModeler
2. Zaɓi Geometry a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Tsarin Aiki a cikin Ansys Workbench. Danna dama akan Geometry kuma zaɓi Properties. Zaɓi Nau'in Bincike na 2D a ƙarƙashin Zaɓuɓɓukan Geometry na Babba a cikin Abubuwan Tsari na A2: Geometry. Danna-dama akan Geometry a cikin Tsarin Tsarin kuma zaɓi Ƙaddamar da Sabon DesignModeler Geometry. Zaɓi Raka'a>>Millimita azaman naúrar tsayi daga menu a DesignModeler.
3. Na gaba, za mu ƙirƙiri lissafi a cikin DesignModeler. Zaɓi XYPlane daga Tsarin Bishiyar a gefen hagu a cikin DesignModeler. Zaɓi Duba Sketch Danna kan shafin Sketching a cikin Tsarin Bishiyar kuma zaɓi Layi skSketchool. Zana layin kwance mai tsayin mm 1,000 daga asalin zuwa dama. Tabbatar cewa kuna da P a asalin lokacin da kuka fara zana layin. Hakanan, tabbatar cewa kuna da H tare da layin don ya kasance a kwance da C a ƙarshen layin. Zaɓi Girma a cikin zaɓuɓɓukan Zane-zane. Danna kan layin kuma shigar da tsawon 1000 mm. Zana layi na tsaye zuwa sama tsayin mm 100 yana farawa daga ƙarshen ƙarshen layin kwance na farko. Tabbatar kana da P lokacin fara layin da V mai nuna layi a tsaye. Ci gaba da layin kwance mai tsayi mm 100 zuwa hagu daga asalin sai wani layin tsaye mai tsayi mm 100. Layi na gaba zai kasance a kwance tare da tsayin 100 mm yana farawa a ƙarshen ƙarshen tsohuwar layin tsaye kuma an kai shi zuwa dama. A ƙarshe, rufe rectangle tare da layin kwance mai tsayin mita 1,000 wanda ya fara 100 mm sama da asalin kuma a kai shi zuwa dama.
4. Danna shafin Modeling a ƙarƙashin Akwatin Kayan Aikin Zane. Zaɓi Ra'ayi>> Filaye daga Zane-zane a cikin menu. Sarrafa zaɓi gefuna shida na rectangle azaman Tushen Abubuwan kuma zaɓi Aiwatar da cikakkun bayanai View. Danna kan Ƙirƙiri a cikin kayan aiki. Rectangle yana juya launin toka. Danna-dama ta taga mai hoto zaɓi Zuƙowa don dacewa kuma kusa da DesignModeler.
5. Yanzu za mu danna Mesh sau biyu a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Tsarin aiki a cikin Ansys Workbench don buɗe taga Meshing. Zaɓi Mesh a cikin Fahimtar taga Meshing. Danna-dama kuma zaɓi Ƙirƙirar raga. An ƙirƙiri riguna mara nauyi. Zaɓi Tsarin Unit>>Metric (mm, kg, N ...) daga ƙasan taga zane. Zaɓi Mesh>> Sarrafa> Fuska Meshing daga menu. Danna kan yankin rawaya kusa da Geometry a ƙarƙashin Ƙimar Cikakkun Face Meshing. Zaɓi rectangular a cikin taga mai hoto. Danna maɓallin Aiwatar don Geometry a cikin Cikakkun bayanai na "Hanyar Fuska". Zaɓi Mesh>> Sarrafa>> Girman girma daga menu kuma zaɓi Edge sama da taga mai hoto. Zaɓi gefuna 6 na rectangle. Danna kan Aiwatar don Geometry a cikin "Bayani na Girman Girma". A karkashin ma'anar "Cikakkun cikakken bayani game da sizing", zaɓi ɓangaren kashi kamar nau'in, 1.0 mm don girman kashi, kama da curvature a matsayin a'a. Zaɓi nau'in Bias na biyu kuma shigar da 12.0 azaman Factor Factor. Zaɓi mafi guntun gefen saman kwance kuma Aiwatar da wannan gefen tare da Reverse Bias. Danna kan Gida>>Samar da raga a cikin menu kuma zaɓi Mesh a cikin Shaci. Ana nuna ragar da aka gama a cikin taga mai hoto.
   Me ya sa muka ƙirƙiri raga na son zuciya?
   Yanzu za mu sake suna gefuna na rectangle. Zaɓi gefen hagu na rectangle, danna dama kuma zaɓi Ƙirƙirar Zaɓin Suna. Shigar da mashigai azaman sunan kuma danna maɓallin Ok. Maimaita wannan matakin don gefen dama na tsaye na rectangle kuma shigar da wurin sunan. Ƙirƙiri zaɓi mai suna don ƙananan gefen dama mafi tsayi a kwance kuma a kira shi bango. A ƙarshe, sarrafa-zaɓi sauran gefuna a kwance guda uku kuma suna kiran su bangon da ya dace. Babban bangon bangon adiabatic ne kuma bango mara juzu'i.
6. Dalilin yin amfani da raga na son zuciya shine muna buƙatar mafi kyawun raga kusa da bango inda muke da matakan saurin gudu a cikin kwarara. Mun kuma haɗa raga mafi kyau inda layin iyaka ya fara haɓaka akan farantin lebur. Zaɓi File>>Fitar da…>>Raga>FLUENT Input File>> Aika daga menu. Zaɓi Ajiye azaman nau'in: FLUENT Input Files (*.msh). Shigar da ragamar iyaka-Layer-mesh .msh da s file suna kuma danna maɓallin Ajiye. Zaɓi File>> Ajiye Project daga menu. Sunan aikin Flat Plate Boundary Layer. Rufe taga Ansys Meshing. Danna-dama a kan Mesh a cikin Tsarin Tsarin kuma zaɓi Sabuntawa.
   Ana ƙaddamar da Ansys Fluent
7. Kuna iya fara Fluent ta hanyoyi biyu daban-daban, ko dai ta danna sau biyu akan Saita ƙarƙashin Tsarin Tsarin aiki a cikin Ansys Workbench ko yanayin tsaye daga Fluent 2024 R1 a cikin babban fayil ɗin Ansys 2024 R1 app. Kuna buƙatar karanta raga idan kun fara Fluent a yanayin keɓe. Advantage na farawa Ansys Fluent a cikin keɓantaccen yanayin shine zaku iya zaɓar wurin Directory Directory ɗin ku inda duk abubuwan fitarwa suke. files za a sami ceto, duba Hoto 2.6a). Kaddamar da Dimension 2D da Double Precision Solver of Fluent. Duba Madaidaicin Biyu a ƙarƙashin Zabuka. Saita adadin Matsalolin Warware daidai da adadin muryoyin kwamfuta. Don duba adadin muryoyin jiki, danna maɓallan Ctrl + Shift + Esc lokaci guda don buɗe Manajan Task. Jeka shafin Performance kuma zaɓi CPU daga shafi na hagu. Za ku ga adadin muryoyin jiki a ƙasa-dama. Ansys Student an iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin matakai 4 na warwarewa. Rufe Task Manager taga. Danna maɓallin Fara don ƙaddamar da Ansys Fluent. Danna Ok don rufe taga Maɓallin Canje-canjen Halayyar idan ya bayyana.
   Hoto 2.6a) Ƙaddamar da SaitaMe yasa muke amfani da daidaito biyu?
   Daidaitaccen sau biyu zai ba da ƙarin ingantattun ƙididdiga fiye da daidaici ɗaya.
8. Bincika ma'auni na raga ta zaɓi maɓallin Sikeli… a ƙarƙashin Mesh a Gaba ɗaya akan Shafin Aiki. Tabbatar cewa Yankin Yankin daidai ne kuma rufe taga Sikeli Mesh.
9. Danna sau biyu akan Models da Viscous (SST k-omega) a ƙarƙashin Saita a cikin Shaci View. Zaɓi Laminar azaman Samfurin Viscous. Danna Ok don rufe taga. Danna sau biyu akan Sharuɗɗan Iyakoki ƙarƙashin Saita a cikin Shaci View. Danna sau biyu akan mashigar da ke ƙarƙashin Yanki akan Shafin Aiki. Zaɓi Abubuwan da aka haɗa azaman Hanyar Ƙayyadaddun Gudun kuma saita X-Guri [m/s] zuwa 5.
10. Danna maɓallin Aiwatar da maɓallin Close.
11. Danna sau biyu akan manufa_wall karkashin Yankuna. Bincika ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun da kuma kiyaye ƙimar ƙa'idodi don ƙayyadadden ƙarfin ƙarfi tun lokacin da bango mai kyau ba shi da ceto. Danna maɓallin Aiwatar da maɓallin Close.
    Me yasa muka zaɓi Laminar a matsayin Model Viscous?
    Ga zaɓaɓɓen saurin rafi kyauta 5 m/s lambar Reynolds bai wuce 500,000 tare da farantin ba saboda haka kwararar ta zama laminar. Rigakafi tare da faranti yana faruwa a lambobin Reynolds sama da 500,000.
12. Danna sau biyu akan Hanyoyi ƙarƙashin Magani a cikin Shaci View. Zaɓi Matsayi don Matsi da oda na Farko na sama don Moment. Danna sau biyu akan Ƙimar Magana a ƙarƙashin Saita a cikin Ƙirar View. Zaɓi Lissafi daga mashigai akan Shafin Aiki.
    Me yasa muke amfani da Hanyar Farko na Upwind don Fahimtar Fahimtar Lokaci?
    Hanyar Upwind ta Farko gabaɗaya ba ta da inganci amma tana haɗuwa fiye da hanyar Upwind na oda na biyu. Al'ada ce ta gama gari don farawa da Hanyar Upwind na Farko a farkon lissafin kuma ci gaba da hanyar Upwind na Biyu.
13. Danna sau biyu akan Farawa ƙarƙashin Magani a cikin Shaci View, zaɓi Daidaitaccen Ƙaddamarwa, zaɓi Ƙididdigewa daga mashigai, kuma danna maɓallin Ƙaddamarwa.
14. Danna sau biyu akan Masu saka idanu a ƙarƙashin Magani a cikin Shaci View. Danna sau biyu a kan Residual a ƙarƙashin Masu saka idanu a cikin Ƙirar View kuma shigar da 1e-9 azaman Cikakkar Ma'auni don duk Rarara. Danna maɓallin Ok don rufe taga. Zaɓi File>> Ajiye Project daga menu. Zaɓi File>>Export>> Case… daga menu. Ajiye Harka File tare da sunan Flat Plate Boundary Layer. CAS.h5
    Me yasa muka saita cikakkiyar Ma'auni zuwa 1e-9?
    Gabaɗaya, ƙananan ƙayyadaddun ma'auni, tsawon lokacin lissafin zai ɗauki kuma ya ba da ƙarin ainihin bayani. Mun gani a cikin Hoto 2.12b) cewa x-gudun da y-gudun ma'auni suna da ƙananan ragowar fiye da ci gaba da equation. Matsakaicin saura masu lanƙwasa na dukkan ma'auni guda uku kusan iri ɗaya ne tare da yanayin ƙasa mai kaifi.
15. Danna sau biyu akan Ƙirƙirar Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Magani kuma shigar da 5000 don Yawan Iterations. Danna maɓallin Lissafi. Lissafin zai cika bayan 193 maimaitawa, duba Hoto 2.12b). Danna kan Kwafi Screenshot na Taga Mai Aiki zuwa Clipboard, duba Hoto 2.12c). Ana iya liƙa Rarraba Ma'auni a cikin takaddar Kalma.
    Bayan-Processing
16. Zaɓi shafin sakamako a cikin menu kuma zaɓi Ƙirƙiri>>Layi/Rake… a ƙarƙashin Surface. Shigar da 0.2 don x0 (m), 0.2 don x1 (m), 0 don y0 (m), da 0.02 m don y1 (m). Shigar x=0.2m don Sabon Sunan saman kuma danna Ƙirƙiri. Maimaita wannan mataki sau uku kuma ƙirƙirar layi na tsaye a x = 0.4m tare da tsawon 0.04 m, x = 0.6m tare da tsawon 0.06 m, da x = 0.8m tare da tsawon 0.08 m. Rufe taga.
17. Danna sau biyu akan Plots da XY Plot a ƙarƙashin Sakamako a cikin Shaci View. Cire madaidaicin matsayi akan Axis X a ƙarƙashin Zabuka kuma duba Matsayi akan axis Y. Saita Jagoran Makirci don X zuwa 0 da 1 don Y. Zaɓi Gudu… da Saurin X azaman Ayyukan Axis X. Zaɓi layukan huɗu x=0.2m, x=0.4m, x=0.6m, da x=0.8m a ƙarƙashin Filaye.
18. Danna maɓallin Axes… a cikin taga Magani XY Plot. Zaɓi X-Axis, cire alamar Auto Range a ƙarƙashin Zaɓuɓɓuka, shigar da 6 don Maximum Range, zaɓi Gabaɗaya Nau'in Ƙarƙashin Lamba, sannan saita Precision zuwa 0. Danna maɓallin Aiwatar. Zaɓi Y-Axis, cire alamar Auto Range, shigar da 0.01 don Matsakaicin Range, zaɓi Gabaɗaya Nau'in ƙarƙashin Tsarin Lamba, sannan danna maɓallin Aiwatar. Rufe taga Axes.
19. Danna maɓallin Curves… a cikin taga Magani XY Plot. Zaɓi tsarin farko a ƙarƙashin Salon Layi don Curve # 0. Zaɓi No Symbol don Salon Alama kuma danna maɓallin Aiwatar. Na gaba, zaɓi Curve # 1, zaɓi Tsarin Tsarin Layi na gaba na gaba, babu Alamar Salon Alama, sannan danna maɓallin Aiwatar. Ci gaba da wannan tsarin zaɓin tare da lanƙwasa biyu na gaba # 2 da # 3. Rufe Curves - Magani XY taga. Danna maɓallin Ajiye/Plot a cikin taga Magani XY Plot kuma Rufe wannan taga. Danna kan Kwafi Screenshot na Taga Mai Aiki zuwa Clipboard, duba Hoto 2.16c). Ana iya liƙa Plot na XY cikin takaddar Kalma. Zaɓi shafin da aka ayyana mai amfani a cikin menu da Custom a ƙarƙashin Ayyukan Filin. Zaɓi takamaiman Aikin Filin Operand daga menu mai buɗewa ta zaɓi Mesh… da Y-Coordinate. Danna Zaɓi kuma shigar da ma'anar kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 2.16f). Kuna buƙatar zaɓi Mesh… da X Coordinate don haɗa haɗin haɗin x kuma kammala ma'anar aikin filin. Shigar da eta azaman Sabon Aiki, danna Defi,ne, sannan rufe taga. Maimaita wannan matakin don ƙirƙirar wani aikin filin na al'ada. A wannan lokacin, za mu zaɓi Gudun gudu… da X Gudun kamar Ayyukan Filin kuma danna Zaɓi. Cika ma'anar kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 2.16g) kuma shigar da u-divided-by-freestream-gugu azaman Sabon Sunan Aiki, danna Def, ɗaya, sannan rufe taga.
    Me yasa muka ƙirƙiri haɗin kai iri ɗaya?
    Ya zama cewa ta amfani da haɗin kai mai kama da kai, saurin profiles a wurare dabam-dabam masu ratsa ruwa za su ruguje akan guda ɗaya mai kama da kaifile wanda ke zaman kansa daga wurin da ya dace.
20. Danna sau biyu akan Plots da XY Plot a ƙarƙashin Sakamako a cikin Shaci View. Saita X zuwa 0 da Y zuwa 1 azaman Jagoran Ƙirarri. Cire madaidaicin matsayi akan Axis X kuma cire madaidaicin Matsayi akan axis Y a ƙarƙashin Zabuka. Zaɓi Ayyukan Filaye na Musamman da eta don Ayyukan Y-Axis kuma zaɓi Ayyukan Filayen Custom da rarrabuwa-by-freestream-gudun don Ayyukan X-Axis. Sanya file blasius.dat a cikin kundin adireshin ku. Wannan file za a iya saukewa daga sdcpublications.com a ƙarƙashin Zazzagewar shafin don wannan littafin. Dubi Hoto 2.19 don lambar lissafin lissafi wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don samar da ƙa'idar Blasius gudun profile ga laminar iyaka Layer kwarara a kan wani lebur farantin. A matsayin example, a cikin wannan littafin jagorar aikin shine ܥ:\Users\jmatsson. Danna Load File. Zaɓi Files na nau'in: All Files (*) kuma zaɓi file blasius.dat daga kundin adireshin ku. Zaɓi filaye huɗu x=0.2m, x=0.4m, x=0.6m, x=0.8m, da ɗorawa file Ka'idar
    Danna maballin Axes…. Zaɓi Y-Axis a cikin taga Axes-Solution XY Plot kuma cire alamar atomatik. Rage. Saita Mafi ƙarancin Range zuwa 0 da Matsakaicin Range zuwa 10. Saita Nau'in don yin iyo da daidaito zuwa 0 a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Lamba. Shigar da taken Axis as eta kuma danna kan Aiwatar. Zaɓi X-Axis, cire alamar kewayon atomatik a ƙarƙashin Zabuka, shigar da 1.2 don Matsakaicin Range, zaɓi Nau'in iyo a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Lamba, sannan saita daidaito zuwa 1. Shigar da taken axis a matsayin u/U. Danna kan Aiwatar kuma Rufe taga. Danna maɓallin Curves… a cikin taga Magani XY Plot. Zaɓi tsarin farko a ƙarƙashin Salon Layi don Curve # 0, duba Hoto 2.16a). Zaɓi No Symbol don Salon Alama kuma danna maɓallin Aiwatar. Na gaba,t zaɓi Curve # 1, zaɓi Tsarin Tsarin Layi na gaba na gaba, babu Alamar Salon Alama, sannan danna maɓallin Aiwatar. Ci gaba da wannan tsarin zaɓin tare da lanƙwasa guda biyu na gaba # 2 da # 3. Rufe Curves - Magani XY taga. Danna maɓallin Ajiye/Plot a cikin taga Magani XY Plot kuma rufe wannan taga.
21. Danna kan Kwafi Screenshot na Taga Mai Aiki zuwa Clipboard, duba Hoto 2.16c). Ana iya liƙa Plot na XY cikin takaddar Kalma. Zaɓi shafin da aka ayyana mai amfani a cikin menu da Custom. Zaɓi takamaiman aikin Operand daga menu mai saukewa ta zaɓi Mesh… da X-Coordinate. Danna Zaɓi kuma shigar da ma'anar kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 2.17e). Shigar da rex azaman Sunan Sabon Aiki, danna Ƙayyade, kuma Rufe taga. Danna sau biyu akan Plots da XPlotsot a ƙarƙashin Sakamako a cikin Shaci View. Saita X zuwa 0 da Y zuwa 1 a ƙarƙashin Jagoran Plot.
22. Cire madaidaicin matsayi akan Axis X kuma cire madaidaicin Matsayi akan axis Y a ƙarƙashin Zabuka. Zaɓi Fuskar bangon bango da Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Fata don Ayyukan Y-Axis kuma zaɓi Ayyukan Filayen Custom da rex don XX-AxisFunction. Sanya file "Tsarin Fatar Fatar Ƙarfafawa" a cikin littafin ku na aiki. Danna Load File. Zaɓi Files na nau'in: All Files (*) kuma zaɓi file "Theoretical Skin friction Coefficient". Zaɓi bangon da ke ƙarƙashin Filaye da abubuwan da aka ɗora file Ƙarƙashin fata File Bayanai. Danna kan Axes… Button. Duba X-Axis, duba akwatin don Shiga ƙarƙashin Zaɓuɓɓuka, shigar da Re-x azaman taken Axis, sannan cire alamar atomatik. Range karkashin Option saita Mafi ƙanƙanta zuwa 100 kuma Matsakaicin zuwa 1000000. Saita Nau'in don taso kan ruwa da daidaito zuwa 0 a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Lamba kuma danna kan Aiwatar. Duba Y-Axis, duba akwatin don Shiga ƙarƙashin Zaɓuɓɓuka, shigar da Cf-x azaman Label, kuma cire alamar atomatik. Range, saita Mafi ƙanƙanta zuwa 0.001 da Matsakaicin zuwa 0.1, saita Nau'in don iyo, Daidaitawa zuwa 3, sannan danna Aiwatar. Rufe taga. Danna kan Ajiye/Plot a cikin Maganin XY Plot taga. Danna maɓallin Curves… a cikin taga Magani XY Plot. Zaɓi tsarin farko a ƙarƙashin Lin. e Style for Curve # 0. Zaɓi No Symbol don Salon Alamar kuma danna maɓallin Aiwatar. Ne,xt zaɓi Curve # 1, zaɓi Tsarin Tsarin Layi na gaba na gaba, babu Alamar Salon Alama, sannan danna maɓallin Aiwatar. Rufe Curves – Magani XY Plot taga. Danna maɓallin Ajiye/Plot a cikin taga Magani XY Plot kuma rufe wannan taga. Danna kan Kwafi Screenshot na Taga Mai Aiki zuwa Clipboard, duba Hoto 2.16c). Ana iya liƙa Plot na XY cikin takaddar Kalma.
23. Ka'idar
24. A cikin wannan babin, mun kwatanta Ansys Fluent velocity profiles tare da ka'idar Blasius gudun profile don kwararar laminar akan farantin lebur. Mun canza tsarin daidaitawar bango-na al'ada zuwa daidaitawar kamanni don kwatanta profiles a wurare daban-daban na rafi. An bayyana daidaitawar kamanceceniya ta inda y (m) shine haɗin kai na al'ada na bango, an bayyana shi ta hanyar
25. inda y (m) shine daidaitawar bango na al'ada, U (m / s) shine saurin rafi kyauta, x (m) nisa daga asalin bangon rafi kuma ) m2 / s) shine dankon kinematic ruwa. U (m/s) shine saurin rafi na kyauta, x (m) shine nisa daga asalin bangon rafi kuma m2 / s) shine dankon kinematic na ruwa.

Mun kuma yi amfani da mara girman rafi da saurin u/U inda ku ne girman girman profile.

An tsara ku/U da ƙima don Ansys Fluent velocity profiles a kwatanta da Blasius' ka'idar profile kuma duk sun ruguje akan lankwasa ɗaya kamar yadda ma'anar kamanceceniya da kai.

Ana ba da ma'auni na iyakar Blasius ta

An bayyana kauri mai iyaka a matsayin nisa daga bango zuwa wurin da saurin da ke cikin iyakar ya kai kashi 99% na ƙimar rafi kyauta.

Don layin iyaka na laminar orr muna da bayanin ƙa'idar mai zuwa don bambancin kauri mai iyaka tare da nisa mai zurfi x da lambar Reynolds ܴ.

• Ma'anar ma'anar madaidaicin kauri na iyakar iyaka a cikin madaidaicin iyakar iyaka ana ba da shi ta
• An ayyana ma'aunin juzu'i na fata na gida azaman damuwa juzu'in bango na gida wanda aka raba ta hanyar matsa lamba mai ƙarfi.
• Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta gida don kwararar laminar an ƙaddara ta
• kuma don kwararar tashin hankali, muna da alaƙa mai zuwa

Magana

1. Çengel, YA, da Cimbala JM, Tushen Injiniyoyin Ruwa da Aikace-aikace, 1st Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2006.
2. Richards, S., Cimbala, JM, Martin, K., ANSYS Workbench Tutorial - Layer Layer a kan Flat Plate, Jami'ar Jihar Penn, 18 Mayu 2010 Bita.
3. Schlichting, H., da Gersten, K., Ka'idar Layer Boundary, 8th Revised and Exlarge Edition, Springer, 2001.
4. Fari, FM, Injiniyan Ruwa, Bugu na 4, McGraw-Hill, 1999.

Motsa jiki

1. Yi amfani da sakamako daga simintin Ansys Fluent a cikin wannan babin don tantance kauri daga kan iyaka a wuraren da ke kan hanya kamar yadda aka nuna a tebur da ke ƙasa. Cika bayanan da suka ɓace a cikin tebur. ܷ shine saurin layin iyaka a nisa daga bango daidai da kauri mai iyaka kuma U shine saurin rafi kyauta.
   

   x (m)	o (mm) M	o (mm) Ka'idar	Bambanci Kashi	U 8 (m/s)	U (m/s)	v (m2/s)	Re x
   0.2						.0000146
   0.4						.0000146
   0.6						.0000146
   0.8						.0000146

2. Canza girman kashi zuwa mm 2 don raga kuma kwatanta sakamako a cikin XY Plots na ƙididdige ƙima na fata tare da lambar Reynolds tare da girman kashi 1 mm wanda aka yi amfani da shi a wannan babi. Kwatanta sakamakonku da ka'idar.
3. Canza saurin rafi kyauta zuwa 3 m/s kuma ƙirƙirar Plot na XY gami da saurin gudufiles a x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, da 0.9 m. Ƙirƙiri wani XY Plot tare da makamancinsa pro profiles don wannan ƙananan saurin rafi kyauta kuma ƙirƙirar XY Plot don ƙimar juzu'in fata tare da lambar Reynolds.
4. Yi amfani da sakamako daga simintin Ansys Fluent a cikin Motsa jiki 2.3 don tantance kauri mai iyaka a madaidaitan wurare kamar yadda aka nuna a teburin da ke ƙasa. Cika bayanan da ya ɓace a cikin tebur. shine saurin layin iyaka a nisa daga bangon daidai da kauri mai iyaka kuma U shine saurin rafi kyauta.
   

   x (m)	o (mm) M	o (mm) Ka'idar	Bambanci Kashi	U 8 (m/s)	U (m/s)	v (m2/s)	Re x
   0.1						.0000146
   0.2						.0000146
   0.5						.0000146
   0.7						.0000146
   0.9						.0000146

Tebur 2.2 Kwatanta tsakanin Fluent da ka'idar don kauri Layer iyaka
Canza saurin rafi kyauta zuwa ƙimar da aka jera a teburin da ke ƙasa kuma ƙirƙiri Plot XY gami da pro pro.files a x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, da 0.8 m. Ƙirƙiri wani XY Plot tare da makamancinsa pro profiles don saurin rafi kyauta kuma ƙirƙirar XY Plot don ƙimar juzu'in fata tare da lambar Reynolds.

dalibi	X-Guri U (m/s)	Matsakaicin Rage (m/s) domin X Gudu Makirci
1	3	4
2	3.2	4
3	3.4	4
4	3.6	4
5	3.8	4
6	4	5
7	4.2	5
8	4.4	5
9	4.6	5
10	4.8	5
11	5.2	6
12	5.4	6
13	5.6	6
14	5.8	6
15	6	7
16	6.2	7
17	6.4	7
18	6.6	7
19	6.8	7
20	7	8
21	7.2	8

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