Ukubonelela ngeRaspberry Pi Compute Module
Ukubonelela ngeRaspberry Pi Compute Module (Uguqulelo 3 kunye no-4)
I-Raspberry Pi Ltd
2022-07-19: githash: 94a2802-clean
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© 2020-2022 Raspberry Pi Ltd (eyayisakuba yiRaspberry Pi (Trading) Ltd.)
Olu xwebhu lunikwe ilayisenisi phantsi kwe-Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND). Umhla wokwakha: 2022-07-19 inguqulelo yokwakha: githash: 94a2802-coca
Isaziso esisemthethweni sokuzihlangula
IDATHA YOBUGCISA NEENKONZO YEEMVELISO ZERASPBERRY PI (KUQUKA IIDAASHETHI) NJENGOKO ZILUNGISWE NGAMAXESHA NGETHUBA (“IZIBONELELO”) ZINIKEZELWA YI-RASPBERRY PI LTD (“RPL”) “NJENGOKO ZINJALO” KUNYE NAYO NAYIPHI NA INKCAZELO OKANYE OKUNGABAXEKIYO, UNGAHLANGANISIWEYO, UKUYA, IZIQINISEKISO EZIXINWEYO ZOKURHWEBA NOKULUNGELA NGENJONGO ETHILE ZIXINWE. NGENXA EYENZAYO EKUVUNYIWE NGAYO UMTHETHO OSEBENZAYO KUKHO AKUKHO SIGANEKO I-RPL AYIYI KUTHWALAPHA NALUPHI NA INDLELA ETHILE, ENGACHAPHAZANGA, ESAYISEhlo, EZIKHETHEKILEYO, OMZEKELO, OKANYE OKUPHUMELELEYO (KUbandakanywa, KODWA AKUNIKEZELWA MTHETHO, UKUNIKEZELWA KOMTHETHO; , OKANYE IINZUZO OKANYE UKUPHAZAMISEKA KWESHISHINI) NANGONA NAKUMBI KUBANGELEKILEYO KUNYE NAKUYAYIPHI NA ITHIYORI YOBUXHOXO, ENOBA KUKWEMVUMELWANO, UXANDUVA OLUQINISEKILEYO, OKANYE UKUBANDAKANYA KUNGAKHATHALISEKI OKANYE NGENXA YOKUFAKA NGAYO NAYIPHI NA IINDLELA EZIPHUMA KWISIBONELELO SOKUSETYENZISWA KWESINXEKO UMONAKALO OLULO.
I-RPL inelungelo lokwenza naluphi na uphuculo, uphuculo, izilungiso okanye naluphi na olunye uhlengahlengiso kwi-RESOURCES okanye naziphi na iimveliso ezichazwe kuzo nangaliphi na ixesha kwaye ngaphandle kwesaziso esongezelelweyo. I-RESOURCES yenzelwe abasebenzisi abanezakhono abanamanqanaba afanelekileyo olwazi loyilo. Abasebenzisi banoxanduva kuphela lokukhetha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-RESOURCES kunye naluphi na usetyenziso lweemveliso ezichazwe kuzo. Umsebenzisi uyavuma ukuhlawula kunye nokubamba i-RPL ingenabungozi kuwo onke amatyala, iindleko, umonakalo okanye enye ilahleko evela kusetyenziso lwabo lwe-RESOURCES. I-RPL inika abasebenzisi imvume yokusebenzisa i-RESOURCES kuphela ngokudibana neemveliso zeRaspberry Pi. Konke okunye ukusetyenziswa kwe-RESOURCES akuvumelekanga. Akukho layisenisi inikwa nayiphi na enye i-RPL okanye elinye ilungelo lepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda. IMISEBENZI YOMNGCIPHEKO OMKHULU. Iimveliso zeRaspberry Pi aziyilwanga, zenziwe okanye zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobungozi ezifuna ukungaphumeleli kokusebenza okukhuselekileyo, njengakukusebenza kwezixhobo zenyukliya, ukukhangela inqwelomoya okanye iinkqubo zonxibelelwano, ulawulo lwezithuthi zomoya, izixhobo zezixhobo okanye izicelo ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko (kubandakanya inkxaso yobomi. iinkqubo kunye nezinye izixhobo zonyango), apho ukungaphumeleli kweemveliso kunokukhokelela ekufeni ngokuthe ngqo, ukwenzakala komntu okanye umonakalo omkhulu womzimba okanye wokusingqongileyo ("ImiSebenzi yoMngcipheko oPhezulu"). I-RPL ayibangi ngokungqalileyo nayiphi na iwaranti echaziweyo okanye echaziweyo yokufaneleka kwiMisebenzi yoMngcipheko oMkhulu kwaye ayamkeli xanduva lokusebenzisa okanye ukubandakanywa kweemveliso zeRaspberry Pi kwiMisebenzi yoMngcipheko oMkhulu. Iimveliso zeRaspberry Pi zibonelelwa ngokuxhomekeke kwiMigaqo eMiselweyo yeRPL. Ubonelelo lwe-RPL lwe-RESOURCES alunandisi okanye luyiguqule ngenye indlela iMigaqo eMigangatho ye-RPL kuquka kodwa ingaphelelanga kwizithintelo kunye neziqinisekiso ezichazwe kuzo.
Imbali yoguqulelo loxwebhu 
Ubungakanani bedocuingqondo
Olu xwebhu lusebenza kwezi mveliso zilandelayo Raspberry Pi:
Intshayelelo
UMboneleli weCM ngu web isicelo esiyilelwe ukwenza udweliso lwenkqubo inani elikhulu leRaspberry Pi Compute Module (CM) izixhobo ezilula kwaye zikhawuleza. Kulula ukuyifaka kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Inika ujongano kwisiseko sedatha yemifanekiso yekernel enokuthi ilayishwe, kunye nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izikripthi ukwenza ngokwezifiso iindawo ezahlukeneyo zofakelo ngexesha lenkqubo edanyazayo. Ushicilelo lwelebhile kunye nohlaziyo lwe-firmware nalo luyaxhaswa. Eli phepha limhlophe lithatha ukuba iseva yoMboneleli, inguqulelo yesoftware 1.5 okanye entsha, isebenza kwiRaspberry Pi.
Isebenza njani yonke
I-CM4
Isixokelelwano soMboneleli kufuneka sifakwe kuthungelwano lwayo lweengcingo; iRaspberry Pi eqhuba umncedisi iplagiwe kwiswitshi, kunye nezixhobo ezininzi zeCM4 njengoko iswitshi inokuxhasa. Nayiphi na i-CM4 eplagwe kule nethiwekhi iya kubonwa yinkqubo yonikezelo kwaye idanyazwe ngokuzenzekelayo nge-firmware efunekayo yomsebenzisi. Isizathu sokuba nenethiwekhi yayo yeengcingo siyacaca xa ucinga ukuba nayiphi na i-CM4 efakwe kwinethiwekhi iya kubonelelwa, ngoko ke ukugcina inethiwekhi ihluke kuyo nayiphi na inethiwekhi ephilayo kubalulekile ukukhusela ukucwangciswa ngokutsha kwezixhobo.
UTSHINTSHO LOMFANEKISO CM 4 IO iibhodi ezineCM 4 -> CM4 IO Iibhodi ezineCM4
Ngokusebenzisa iRaspberry Pi njengomncedisi, kuyenzeka ukuba usebenzise uthungelwano lweengcingo kuMboneleli kodwa uvumele ukufikelela kuthungelwano lwangaphandle usebenzisa uqhagamshelwano olungenazingcingo. Oku kuvumela ukukhuphela ngokulula imifanekiso kwiseva, ilungele inkqubo yonikezelo, kwaye ivumela iRaspberry Pi ukuba isebenze kuMboneleli. web ujongano. Imifanekiso emininzi inokukhutshelwa; uMboneleli ugcina idatabase yemifanekiso kwaye yenza kube lula ukukhetha umfanekiso ofanelekileyo wokuseta izixhobo ezahlukeneyo.
Xa i-CM4 incanyathiselwe kumsebenzi wothungelwano kwaye inikwe amandla izakuzama ukuqalisa, kwaye nje ukuba ezinye iinketho zizanyiwe, ukuqalelwa kwenethiwekhi kuyazanywa. Ngeli xesha inkqubo yeProvisioner Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) iphendula kuqalelo lweCM4 kwaye ibonelela ngomfanekiso omncinci oqale uqalwe ngokukhutshelwa kwiCM4 emva koko uqhube njengengcambu. Lo mfanekiso unako ukucwangcisa iKhadi leMidiya eMulti (i-eMMC) kwaye usebenzise naziphi na izikripthi ezifunekayo, njengoko uyalelwe nguMboneleli.
Iinkcukacha ezingakumbi
Iimodyuli ze-CM4 zithunyelwa ngoqwalaselo lwesiqalo oluya kuzama ukuqalisa ukusuka eMMC kuqala; ukuba oko kuyasilela ngenxa yokuba i-eMMC ayinanto, iyakwenza uphumezo lwemekobume (PXE) uqalise umsebenzi womnatha. Ke, ngeemodyuli zeCM4 ezingekabonelelwa, kwaye zine-eMMC engenanto, i-boot yenethiwekhi iya kwenziwa ngokungagqibekanga. Ngexesha lothungelwano lwesiqalo kuthungelwano lonikezelo, isistim esisebenzayo esilula (i-OS) umfanekiso (eneneni i-Linux kernel kunye ne-scriptexecute initramfs) iya kunikezelwa ngumncedisi wonikezelo kwimodyuli yeCM4 ngaphezulu kwenethiwekhi, kwaye lo mfanekiso uphatha unikezelo.
I-CM 3 kunye ne-CM 4s
Izixhobo ze-CM ezisekelwe kwi-SODIMM isidibanisi azikwazi ukuqala kwinethiwekhi, ngoko ke inkqubo iphunyezwa nge-USB. Isixhobo ngasinye siya kufuneka siqhagamshelwe kuMboneleli. Ukuba ufuna ukudibanisa izixhobo ezingaphezu kwe-4 (inani le-USB port kwi-Raspberry Pi), i-hub ye-USB ingasetyenziswa. Sebenzisa umgangatho olungileyo USB-A ukuya Micro-USB iintambo, ukudibanisa ukusuka Raspberry Pi okanye hub ukuya USB ikhoboka port yebhodi nganye CMIO. Zonke iibhodi zeCMIO ziyakudinga unikezelo lwamandla, kwaye i-J4 USB ye-boot yekhoboka ivumela i-jumper imiselwe ukwenza
KUBALULEKILEYO
MUSA ukudibanisa i-port ye-Ethernet ye-Pi 4. Uqhagamshelwano olungenazintambo lusetyenziselwa ukufikelela kulawulo web ujongano.
Ukuhlohla
Le miyalelo ilandelayo ibichanekile ngexesha lokukhutshwa kwayo. Imiyalelo yokufakela yamva nje inokufumaneka kuMboneleli weGitHub iphepha.
Ukuhlohla uMboneleli web isicelo kwi Raspberry Pi
ISILUMKISO
Qinisekisa ukuba i-eth0 iqhagamshela kwiswitshi ye-Ethernet enebhodi ze-CM4 IO kuphela eziqhagamshelweyo. Sukuqhagamshela i-eth0 kwiofisi yakho/inethiwekhi yoluntu, okanye inokuthi 'ibonelele' ezinye izixhobo zeRaspberry Pi kwinethiwekhi yakho ngokunjalo. Sebenzisa uqhagamshelo olungenazingcingo lweRaspberry Pi ukuqhagamshela kwinethiwekhi yakho yendawo.
Inguqulelo yeLite yeRaspberry Pi OS iyacetyiswa njengesiseko se-OS apho kufakelwe uMboneleli. Ukwenza lula sebenzisa i-rpi-imager, kwaye uvule useto oluphezulu lwemenyu (Ctrl-Shift-X) ukuseta igama lokugqitha, igama lenginginya, kunye nezicwangciso ezingenazingcingo. Nje ukuba i-OS ifakwe kwiRaspberry Pi, kuya kufuneka usete inkqubo ye-Ethernet:
- Qwalasela i-eth0 ukuba ibe nedilesi yeProtokholi ye-Intanethi engatshintshiyo (IP) ye-172.20.0.1 ngaphakathi kwe-subnet /16 (netmask 255.255.0.0) ngokuhlela uqwalaselo lwe-DHCP:
- sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf
- Yongeza ezantsi kwe file:
ujongano eth0
ip_address engatshintshiyo=172.20.0.1/16 - Qala kwakhona ukuvumela utshintsho ukuba lusebenze.
- Qinisekisa ukuba ufakelo lwe-OS luhlaziyiwe:
uhlaziyo lwe-sudo apt
sudo ulungele ukuphuculwa ngokupheleleyo - UMboneleli unikezelwa njenge-deb esele ilungile file kwiphepha loMboneleli weGitHub. Khuphela inguqulelo yamva nje kwela phepha okanye usebenzisa i-wget, kwaye uyifake usebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo:
sudo apt ukufaka ./cmprovision4_*_all.deb - Seta i web isicelo somsebenzisi kunye negama lokugqitha:
sudo /var/lib/cmprovision/artisan auth:dala-umsebenzisi
Ngoku unokufikelela kwi web ujongano loMboneleli nge web Umkhangeli zincwadi usebenzisa iRaspberry Pi wireless IP idilesi kunye negama lomsebenzisi kunye negama lokugqitha elifakwe kwicandelo langaphambili. Faka nje idilesi ye-IP kwibha yedilesi yesikhangeli sakho kwaye ucinezele u-Enter.
Ukusetyenziswa
Xa uqala ukuqhagamshela kuMboneleli web isicelo neyakho web Umkhangeli zincwadi uya kubona isikrini seDashboard, esiya kujongeka ngolu hlobo:
Eli phepha lokufikela linika ngokulula olunye ulwazi malunga nesenzo samva nje esenziwe nguMboneleli (kwi-exampngasentla, iCM4 enye ibonelelwe).
Ilayisha imifanekiso
Umsebenzi wokuqala ofunekayo xa ucwangcisa kukulayisha umfanekiso wakho kumncedisi, ukusuka apho ungasetyenziselwa ukubonelela iibhodi zakho zeCM4. Cofa into yemenyu ethi 'Imifanekiso' phezulu kwe web iphepha kwaye kufuneka ufumane isikrini esifana nesi siboniswe ngezantsi, esibonisa uluhlu lwemifanekiso elayishwe ngoku (eya kuqala ingenanto).
Khetha i Yongeza Umfanekiso iqhosha ukulayisha umfanekiso; uya kubona esi sikrini:
Umfanekiso kufuneka ufikeleleke kwisixhobo apho i web isikhangeli siyasebenza, kwaye kwenye yeefomati zomfanekiso ezichaziweyo. Khetha umfanekiso kumatshini wakho usebenzisa umgangatho file ingxoxo, kwaye ucofe 'Layisha'. Oku ngoku kuya kukopa umfanekiso osuka kumatshini wakho ukuya kuMboneleli weseva osebenza kwiRaspberry Pi. Oku kungathatha ixesha. Nje ukuba umfanekiso ulayishiwe, uya kuwubona kwiphepha leMifanekiso.
Ukongeza iprojekthi
Ngoku kufuneka wenze iprojekthi. Ungakhankanya naliphi na inani leeprojekthi, kwaye nganye inokuba nomfanekiso owahlukileyo, iseti yezikripthi, okanye ileyibhile. Iprojekthi esebenzayo yileyo ngoku isetyenziselwa ukubonelela.
Cofa kwindawo ethi 'IiProjekthi' yemenyu ukuzisa iiProjekthi iphepha. Le ex ilandelayoample sele ineprojekthi enye, ebizwa ngokuba 'yiprojekthi yoVavanyo', emiselweyo.
Ngoku cofa ku 'Yongeza iprojekthi' ukuseta iprojekthi entsha
- Nika iprojekthi igama elifanelekileyo, emva koko ukhethe ukuba ngowuphi umfanekiso onqwenela ukuwusebenzisa le projekthi kuluhlu oluhlayo. Ungacwangcisa kwakhona inani lezinye iiparamitha kweli candelotage, kodwa rhoqo umfanekiso kuphela uya kwanela.
- Ukuba usebenzisa i-v1.5 okanye entsha yoMboneleli, ngoko unokhetho lokuqinisekisa ukuba ukudanyaza kugqityiwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ukukhetha oku kuya kufunda umva idatha kwisixhobo seCM emva kokudanyaza, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iyahambelana nomfanekiso wokuqala. Oku kuya kongeza ixesha elongezelelweyo ekuboneleleni kwesixhobo ngasinye, inani lexesha elongezelelweyo liya kuxhomekeka kubukhulu bomfanekiso.
- Ukuba ukhetha i-firmware yokuyihlohla (oku akunyanzelekanga), ukwanamandla okwenza loo firmware ngamangeniso athile oqwalaselo ayakudityaniswa kwi-bootloader yokubini. Iinketho ezikhoyo zinokufumaneka kwi-Raspberry Pi webindawo.
- Cofa u-'Gcina' xa uyichazile ngokupheleleyo iprojekthi yakho entsha; uya kubuyela kwiphepha leeProjekthi, kwaye iprojekthi entsha iya kudweliswa. Qaphela ukuba iprojekthi enye kuphela enokusebenza nangaliphi na ixesha, kwaye ungayikhetha kolu luhlu.
Izikripthi
Eyona nto iluncedo yoMboneleli kukukwazi ukuqhuba izikripthi emfanekisweni, phambi okanye emva kofakelo. Izikripthi ezintathu zifakwe ngokungagqibekanga kuMboneleli, kwaye zinokukhethwa xa kuyilwa iprojekthi entsha. Zidweliswe kwiphepha leZikripthi
Umdalaampusebenziso lwezikripthi lunokuba kukongeza amangeno aqhelekileyo ku-config.txt. Iscript esisezantsi Yongeza dtoverlay=dwc2 kuconfig.txt yenza oku, usebenzisa ikhowudi yeqokobhe ilandelayo:
Cofa ku 'Yongeza iskripthi' ukongeza okwakho ukwenza ngokwezifiso:
Iileyibhile
UMboneleli unendawo yokuprinta iilebhile zesixhobo esibonelelwayo. Iphepha leeleyibhile libonisa zonke iileyibhile ezichazwe kwangaphambili ezinokukhethwa ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhlela iprojekthi. UmzekeloampLe, unganqwenela ukuprinta iDataMatrix okanye impendulo ekhawulezayo (QR) iikhowudi kwibhodi nganye ebonelelweyo, kwaye oluphawu lwenza kubelula kakhulu oku.
Cofa ku 'Yongeza ileyibhile' ukuchaza eyakho: 
I-Firmware
UMboneleli ubonelela ngokukwazi ukucacisa ukuba yeyiphi na inguqulelo ye-firmware ye-bootloader onqwenela ukuyifaka kwi-CM4. Kwiphepha leFirmware kukho uluhlu lwazo zonke iinketho ezinokwenzeka, kodwa eyona yamva nje yeyona ilungileyo.
Ukuhlaziya uluhlu ngeenguqulelo zamva nje ze-bootloader, cofa kwiqhosha elithi 'Khuphela i-firmware entsha kwi-github'.
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
I-firmware ye-bootloader ephelelwe lixesha
Ukuba i-CM4 yakho ayichongwanga yiNkqubo yoMboneleli xa ixhunyiwe, kunokwenzeka ukuba i-firmware ye-bootloader iphelelwe yisikhathi. Qaphela ukuba zonke izixhobo ze-CM4 ezenziwe ukusukela ngoFebruwari ka-2021 zine-bootloader echanekileyo efakwe kumzi-mveliso, ngoko oku kuya kwenzeka kuphela ngezixhobo ezenziwe ngaphambi kwaloo mhla.
Sele icwangcisiwe eMMC
Ukuba imodyuli yeCM4 sele inesiqalo files kwi eMMC ukusuka kumzamo wonikezelo lwangaphambili emva koko iyakuqala ukusuka eMMC kwaye umsebenzi wothungelwano ofunekayo wonikezelo awuzukwenzeka.
Ukuba unqwenela ukuhlaziya kwakhona imodyuli yeCM4, kuya kufuneka:
- Qhoboshela intambo ye-USB phakathi kweseva yonikezelo kunye ne-micro USB port ye-CM4 IO Board (ebhalwe 'ikhoboka le-USB').
- Beka i-jumper kwiBhodi ye-CM4 IO (J2, 'Fit jumper ukukhubaza i-eMMC boot').
Oku kuya kubangela ukuba imodyuli yeCM4 yenze isiqalelo se-USB, apho umncedisi wonikezelo azakugqithisela i files ye-OS eluncedo phezu kwe-USB.
Emva kokuba i-OS esebenzayo iqalisiwe, iya kuqhagamshelana nomncedisi wokubonelela nge-Ethernet ukufumana imiyalelo eyongezelelweyo, kunye nokukhuphela okongezelelweyo files (umzekelo umfanekiso we-OS oza kubhalelwa eMMC) njengesiqhelo. Ke, uqhagamshelo lwe-Ethernet ukongeza kwintambo ye-USB lusafuneka.
IProtokholi yoMthi eSpanning (STP) kwiiswitshi ze-Ethernet ezilawulwayo
Ukuqalela nge-PXE akuyi kusebenza ngokuchanekileyo ukuba i-STP yenziwe yasebenza kwiswitshi ye-Ethernet elawulwayo. Oku kunokuba yinto engagqibekanga kwezinye iiswitshi (umz. Cisco), kwaye ukuba kunjalo kuya kufuneka ukuba ivaliwe ukuze inkqubo yonikezelo isebenze ngokuchanekileyo.
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I-Raspberry Pi Ltd
Amaxwebhu / Izibonelelo
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Raspberry Pi Ukubonelela ngeRaspberry Pi Compute Modyuli [pdf] Isikhokelo somsebenzisi Ukubonelela ngeRaspberry Pi Compute Module, Ubonelelo, iRaspberry Pi Compute Module, Compute Module |