Ukuhlinzeka nge-Raspberry Pi Compute Module
Ukuhlinzeka nge-Raspberry Pi Compute Module (Izinguqulo 3 no-4)
Inkampani Raspberry Pi Ltd
2022-07-19: githash: 94a2802-clean
I-Colophon
© 2020-2022 Raspberry Pi Ltd (ngaphambilini eyayiyi-Raspberry Pi (Trading) Ltd.)
Lo mbhalo unikezwe ilayisense ngaphansi kwe-Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND). idethi yokwakha: 2022-07-19 inguqulo yokwakha: githash: 94a2802-clean
Isaziso esisemthethweni sokuzihlangula
IDATHA YOBUCHWEPHESHE NEYETHEMBEKA YEMIKHIQIZO YE-RASPBERRY PI (KUHLANGANISA IMINININGWANE) NJENGOBA ILUNGISWA NGESIKHATHI NGESIKHATHI (“IZINSIZA”) Ihlinzekwa YI-RASPBERRY PI LTD (“RPL”) “NJENGOBA IKHO” KANYE NOMA YILUPHI OKUSHIWO NOMA OKUSHIYELWE, AKUKHO IZIMALI EZIBALULEKILE, KUYA, IZIQINISEKISO EZISHIWO ZOKUTHENGISA NOKULUNGA KWENHLOSO ETHILE ZIYEHOXIWE. Ngezinga eliphakeme elivunyelwe ngumthetho osebenzayo ngaphandle komcimbi ozobe unesibopho sokuthola noma yisiphi isimo esiqondile, esingaqondile, esikhethekile, noma asilinganiselwe, ukutholakala kwempahla esetshenzisiwe, ukulahlekelwa kokusetshenziswa, idatha , NOMA IZIMALI; NOMA UKUPHAZAMISEKA KWEBHIZINISI) NOMA KUDANWE KANYE NAKUNOMA YIMUPHI UMBONO WESIBOPHO, KUNGAKHATHALISEKILE, NGESIBOPHO, ESIBOPHEZELO ESIQINILE, NOMA UKUHLUPHEKA (KUHLANGANISA NEBUBETHO NOMA OKUNYE) OKUVELA NGANOMA YIYIPHI INDLELA EKUPHUMELENI UKUSETSHENZISWA KWESIKHUNGO, NOMA ESIKHATHINI. LOMONAMANDLA ONJE.
I-RPL igodle ilungelo lokwenza noma yiziphi izithuthukisi, intuthuko, izilungiso nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinguquko ku-RESOURCES nanoma yimiphi imikhiqizo echazwe kuyo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngaphandle kwesaziso esengeziwe. I-RESOURCES ihloselwe abasebenzisi abanamakhono abanamazinga afanelekile olwazi lokuklama. Abasebenzisi banomthwalo wemfanelo kuphela ekukhetheni kwabo nasekusebenziseni IZINTO EZINGAKUMBI kanye nanoma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo echazwe kuyo. Umsebenzisi uyavuma ukunxephezela futhi abambe i-RPL ingenabungozi kuzo zonke izikweletu, izindleko, umonakalo noma okunye ukulahlekelwa okuvela ngenxa yokusebenzisa kwabo IZINSIZA. I-RPL inikeza abasebenzisi imvume yokusebenzisa i-RESOURCES kuphela ngokuhlangana nemikhiqizo ye-Raspberry Pi. Konke okunye ukusetshenziswa kwe-RESOURCES akuvunyelwe. Ayikho ilayisensi enikezwa noma iyiphi enye i-RPL noma elinye ilungelo lempahla yengqondo lesithathu. IMISEBENZI YENGOZI EPHEZULU. Imikhiqizo ye-raspberry Pi ayiklanyelwe, yenziwe noma ihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni eziyingozi ezidinga ukusebenza okuphephile okuhlulekayo, njengalapho kusebenza khona izakhiwo zenuzi, ukuzulazula kwezindiza noma amasistimu okuxhumana, ukulawula ukuhamba emoyeni, izinhlelo zezikhali noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile zokuphepha (okuhlanganisa nokusekela impilo). amasistimu nezinye izisetshenziswa zezokwelapha), lapho ukwehluleka kwemikhiqizo kungaholela ngokuqondile ekufeni, ukulimala komuntu siqu noma ukulimala okukhulu ngokomzimba noma kwemvelo (“Imisebenzi Enobungozi Ephezulu”). I-RPL ilahla ngokuqondile noma yisiphi isiqinisekiso sokufaneleka esicacile noma esisikiselwayo sokufaneleka Kwemisebenzi Yengozi Ephezulu futhi ayamukeli icala lokusetshenziswa noma ukufakwa kwemikhiqizo ye-Raspberry Pi Emisebenzini Enobungozi Ephezulu. Imikhiqizo ye-Raspberry Pi inikezwa ngaphansi kweMigomo Ejwayelekile ye-RPL. Ukunikezwa kwe-RPL KWEZINSIZA akukhulisi noma kuguqula Imigomo Ejwayelekile ye-RPL kuhlanganise kodwa kungagcini nje kuphela kuziqhathulula neziqinisekiso ezivezwe kuyo.
Umlando wenguqulo yedokhumenti 
Ububanzi be-docuingqondo
Lo mbhalo usebenza kule mikhiqizo elandelayo ye-Raspberry Pi:
Isingeniso
Umhlinzeki we-CM yi-a web Uhlelo lokusebenza oluklanyelwe ukwenza izinhlelo eziningi ze-Raspberry Pi Compute Module (CM) zibe lula futhi zisheshe. Kulula ukuyifaka futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo kusizindalwazi sezithombe ze-kernel ezingalayishwa, kanye nekhono lokusebenzisa imibhalo ukuze wenze ngendlela oyifisayo izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zokufakwa phakathi nenqubo ekhanyayo. Ukuphrinta ilebula nokubuyekezwa kwe-firmware nakho kuyasekelwa. Leli phepha elimhlophe lithatha ukuthi iseva Yomhlinzeki, inguqulo yesofthiwe engu-1.5 noma entsha, isebenza ku-Raspberry Pi.
Konke kusebenza kanjani
CM4
Uhlelo Lomhlinzeki ludinga ukufakwa kunethiwekhi yalo enezintambo; i-Raspberry Pi egijima iseva ixhunywe kusishintshi, kanye namadivayisi amaningi e-CM4 njengoba iswishi ingasekela. Noma iyiphi i-CM4 exhunywe kule nethiwekhi izotholwa isistimu yokuhlinzeka futhi ikhanyise ngokuzenzakalelayo nge-firmware edingekayo yomsebenzisi. Isizathu sokuba nenethiwekhi yayo enezintambo siyacaca uma ucabangela ukuthi noma iyiphi i-CM4 exhunywe kunethiwekhi izonikezwa, ngakho ukugcina inethiwekhi ihlukile kunoma iyiphi inethiwekhi ebukhoma kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuhlelwa kabusha okungahlosiwe kwamadivayisi.
IZINGUQUKO ZOMTHOMBE Amabhodi we-CM 4 IO ane-CM 4 -> Amabhodi e-CM4 IO ane-CM4
Ngokusebenzisa i-Raspberry Pi njengeseva, kuyenzeka ukuthi usebenzise inethiwekhi enezintambo kuMnikezeli kodwa uvumele ukufinyelela kumanethiwekhi angaphandle usebenzisa ukuxhumana okungenantambo. Lokhu kuvumela ukulandwa kalula kwezithombe kuseva, zilungele inqubo yokuhlinzeka, futhi kuvumela i-Raspberry Pi ukuthi inikeze uMnikezeli. web esibonakalayo. Izithombe eziningi zingalandwa; Umhlinzeki ugcina isizindalwazi sezithombe futhi enze kube lula ukukhetha isithombe esifanele sokusetha amadivayisi ahlukene.
Uma i-CM4 inamathiselwe kunethiwekhi futhi inikwa amandla izozama ukuqalisa, futhi uma ezinye izinketho sezizanyiwe, ukubhuthwa kwenethiwekhi kuyazama. Kuleli qophelo uhlelo lwe-Provisioner Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) luphendula ekuqaliseni i-CM4 futhi luhlinzeka ngesithombe esincane esivulelekayo esilandwa ku-CM4 bese sisebenza njengempande. Lesi sithombe singahlela i-Multi-Media Card (i-eMMC) eshumekiwe futhi sisebenzise noma yiziphi izikripthi ezidingekayo, njengoba eyalwe Umhlinzeki.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe
Amamojula e-CM4 athunyelwa ngokulungiselelwa kwebhuthi okuzozama ukuqalisa ukusuka ku-EMMC kuqala; uma lokho kwehluleka ngoba i-EMMC ayinalutho, izokwenza ibhuthi yenethiwekhi ye-preboot execution (PXE). Ngakho, ngamamojula e-CM4 angakalungiselelwa, futhi ane-EMMC engenalutho, ukuqalisa kwenethiwekhi kuzokwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngesikhathi sokuqalisa inethiwekhi kunethiwekhi yokuhlinzeka, isithombe sesistimu yokusebenza yensiza engasindi (i-OS) (empeleni i-Linux kernel kanye ne-scriptexecute initramfs) sizonikezwa iseva yokuhlinzeka kumojula ye-CM4 ngenethiwekhi, futhi lesi sithombe siphatha ukunikezwa.
I-CM 3 kanye ne-CM 4s
Amadivayisi e-CM asekelwe kusixhumi se-SODIMM awakwazi ukuqalisa inethiwekhi, ngakho ukuhlela kufinyelelwa nge-USB. Idivayisi ngayinye izodinga ukuxhunywa Kumhlinzeki. Uma udinga ukuxhuma amadivayisi angaphezu kwama-4 (inombolo yezimbobo ze-USB ku-Raspberry Pi), ihabhu le-USB lingasetshenziswa. Sebenzisa ikhwalithi enhle ye-USB-A kuya kumakhebuli e-Micro-USB, axhuma kusuka ku-Raspberry Pi noma ihabhu kuya embobeni yesigqila ye-USB yebhodi ngalinye le-CMIO. Wonke amabhodi e-CMIO azodinga ukunikezwa kwamandla, futhi i-J4 USB isigqila sebhuthi esivumela i-jumper kufanele isethwe ukuze sikwazi
KUBALULEKILE
UNGAXHUMI imbobo ye-Ethernet ye-Pi 4. Uxhumano olungenantambo lusetshenziselwa ukufinyelela abaphathi web esibonakalayo.
Ukufakwa
Le miyalo elandelayo ibilungile ngesikhathi sokukhishwa. Imiyalo yakamuva kakhulu yokufaka ingatholakala ekhasini le-Provider GitHub.
Ifaka Umhlinzeki web isicelo ku-Raspberry Pi
ISEXWAYISO
Qiniseka ukuthi i-eth0 ixhumeka kuswishi ye-Ethernet exhunywe kuphela Amabhodi e-CM4 IO. Ungaxhumi i-eth0 ehhovisi/inethiwekhi yakho yomphakathi, noma 'ingahlinzeka' amanye amadivayisi e-Raspberry Pi kunethiwekhi yakho futhi. Sebenzisa uxhumano olungenantambo lwe-Raspberry Pi ukuze uxhume kunethiwekhi yangakini.
Inguqulo ye-Lite ye-Raspberry Pi OS iyanconywa njengesisekelo se-OS ongafaka kuso uMnikezeli. Ukuze kube lula sebenzisa i-rpi-imager, futhi uvule imenyu yezilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe (Ctrl-Shift-X) ukuze usethe iphasiwedi, igama lomethuleli, nezilungiselelo ezingenantambo. Lapho i-OS isifakiwe ku-Raspberry Pi, uzodinga ukumisa uhlelo lwe-Ethernet:
- Lungiselela i-eth0 ukuze ibe nekheli le-Internet Protocol (IP) elimile lika-172.20.0.1 ngaphakathi kwe-subnet /16 (netmask 255.255.0.0) ngokuhlela ukucushwa kwe-DHCP:
- sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf
- Engeza phansi kwe- file:
isikhombimsebenzisi eth0
static ip_address=172.20.0.1/16 - Qalisa kabusha ukuze uvumele izinguquko zisebenze.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-OS kusesikhathini samanje:
sudo apt update
thuthukisa ngokuphelele - Umhlinzeki uhlinzekwa njenge-.deb eseyilungile file ekhasini le-Provider GitHub. Landa inguqulo yakamuva kusuka kulelo khasi noma usebenzisa i-wget, futhi uyifake usebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
i-sudo apt install ./cmprovision4_*_all.deb - Setha i- web igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi yohlelo lokusebenza:
sudo /var/lib/cmprovision/artisan auth:create-user
Manje usungakwazi ukufinyelela ku- web ukusebenzelana koMnikezeli nge web isiphequluli sisebenzisa ikheli le-IP elingenantambo le-Raspberry Pi kanye negama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi efakwe esigabeni esidlule. Vele ufake ikheli le-IP kubha yekheli lesiphequluli sakho bese ucindezela u-Enter.
Ukusetshenziswa
Uma uqala ukuxhuma Kumhlinzeki web isicelo neyakho web isiphequluli uzobona isikrini sedeshibhodi, esizobukeka kanje:
Leli khasi lokufikela linikeza nje ulwazi oluthile ngesenzo sakamuva esenziwe ngumhlinzeki (ku-exampngaphezulu, i-CM4 eyodwa inikeziwe).
Ilayisha izithombe
Umsebenzi wokuqala odingekayo lapho uhlela ukulayisha isithombe sakho kuseva, lapho singasetshenziswa khona ukunikeza amabhodi akho e-CM4. Chofoza into yemenyu ethi 'Izithombe' phezulu web ikhasi futhi kufanele uthole isikrini esifana nalesi esiboniswe ngezansi, esibonisa uhlu lwezithombe ezilayishwe manje (ezizoqala zingenalutho).
Khetha inkinobho ethi Engeza Isithombe ukuze ulayishe isithombe; uzobona lesi sikrini:
Isithombe sidinga ukufinyeleleka kudivayisi lapho i- web isiphequluli siyasebenza, futhi kwelinye lamafomethi esithombe ashiwo. Khetha isithombe emshinini wakho usebenzisa indinganiso file ibhokisi, bese uchofoza 'Layisha'. Lokhu manje kuzokopisha isithombe kusuka emshinini wakho kuya kuseva Yomhlinzeki esebenza ku-Raspberry Pi. Lokhu kungathatha isikhathi. Uma isithombe sesilayishiwe, uzosibona ekhasini lezithombe.
Ukwengeza iphrojekthi
Manje udinga ukudala iphrojekthi. Ungacacisa noma iyiphi inombolo yamaphrojekthi, futhi ngalinye lingaba nesithombe esihlukile, isethi yezikripthi, noma ilebula. Iphrojekthi esebenzayo yileyo esetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka njengamanje.
Chofoza into yemenyu ethi 'Amaphrojekthi' ukuze uveze ikhasi lamaphrojekthi. I-ex elandelayoampI-le isivele inephrojekthi eyodwa, ebizwa ngokuthi 'Iphrojekthi yokuhlola', emisiwe.
Manje chofoza okuthi 'Engeza iphrojekthi' ukuze umise iphrojekthi entsha
- Nikeza iphrojekthi igama elifanele, bese ukhetha ukuthi yisiphi isithombe ofisa ukuthi le phrojekthi isisebenzise ohlwini oludonsela phansi. Ungakwazi futhi ukusetha inombolo yezinye izinhlaka kulesi siqeshanatage, kodwa ngokuvamile isithombe kuphela esizokwanela.
- Uma usebenzisa i-v1.5 noma entsha Yomhlinzeki, khona-ke unenketho yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhanya kuqede ngendlela efanele. Ukukhetha lokhu kuzofunda futhi idatha evela kudivayisi ye-CM ngemva kokukhanyisa, futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi ifana nesithombe sokuqala. Lokhu kuzokwengeza isikhathi esengeziwe ekunikezelweni kwedivayisi ngayinye, isikhathi esingeziwe sizoncika kusayizi wesithombe.
- Uma ukhetha i-firmware ozoyifaka (lokhu uyazikhethela), futhi unamandla okwenza leyo firmware ngendlela oyifisayo ngokufakwa okuthile kokucushwa okuzohlanganiswa kukhombambili we-bootloader. Izinketho ezitholakalayo zingatholakala ku-Raspberry Pi webindawo.
- Chofoza u-'Londoloza' uma usuchaze ngokugcwele iphrojekthi yakho entsha; uzobuyela ekhasini lamaphrojekthi, futhi iphrojekthi entsha izofakwa ohlwini. Qaphela ukuthi iphrojekthi eyodwa kuphela engakwazi ukusebenza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi ungayikhetha kulolu hlu.
Imibhalo
Isici esiwusizo ngempela se-Provider yikhono lokusebenzisa imibhalo esithombeni, ngaphambi noma ngemva kokufakwa. Imibhalo emithathu ifakwe ngokuzenzakalelayo Kumhlinzeki, futhi ingakhethwa lapho kwakhiwa iphrojekthi entsha. Asohlwini lwe-Scriptspage
Umuntu wakudalaampUkusetshenziswa kwemibhalo kungase kube ukwengeza okufakiwe ngokwezifiso ku-config.txt. Iskripthi esijwayelekile Engeza dtoverlay=dwc2 ku-config.txt senza lokhu, sisebenzisa ikhodi yegobolondo elandelayo:
Chofoza ku-'Engeza iskripthi' ukuze ungeze ukwenza ngokwezifiso zakho:
Amalebula
Umhlinzeki unendawo yokuphrinta amalebula omshini ohlinzekwayo. Ikhasi lamalebula libonisa wonke amalebula achazwe ngaphambilini angakhethwa phakathi nenqubo yokuhlela iphrojekthi. Okwesiboneloample, ungase ufise ukuphrinta i-DataMatrix noma amakhodi okuphendula okusheshayo (QR) ebhodini ngalinye elinikeziwe, futhi lesi sici senza lokhu kube lula kakhulu.
Chofoza okuthi 'Engeza ilebula' ukuze ucacise eyakho: 
I-Firmware
Umhlinzeki unikeza ikhono lokucacisa ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo ye-bootloader firmware ofisa ukuyifaka ku-CM4. Ekhasini le-Firmware kukhona uhlu lwazo zonke izinketho ezingase zibe khona, kodwa eyakamuva kakhulu ngokuvamile ihamba phambili.
Ukuze ubuyekeze uhlu ngezinguqulo zakamuva ze-bootloader, chofoza inkinobho 'Landa i-firmware entsha ku-github'.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
I-firmware ye-bootloader ephelelwe yisikhathi
Uma i-CM4 yakho ingatholwa isistimu ye-Provider uma ixhunyiwe, kungenzeka ukuthi i-firmware ye-bootloader iphelelwe isikhathi. Qaphela ukuthi wonke amadivayisi e-CM4 akhiqizwa kusukela ngo-February 2021 ane-bootloader elungile efakwe efekthri, ngakho lokhu kuzokwenzeka kuphela ngamadivayisi akhiqizwa ngaphambi kwalolo suku.
I-EMMC isivele ihleliwe
Uma imojuli ye-CM4 isivele isinokuqalisa files ku-EMMC kusukela emzamweni wokunikeza wangaphambilini bese izoqala isuka ku-EMMC futhi ukuqalisa kwenethiwekhi okudingekayo ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngeke kwenzeke.
Uma ufisa ukulungisa kabusha imojuli ye-CM4, uzodinga:
- Namathisela ikhebula le-USB phakathi kweseva yokuhlinzeka kanye nembobo ye-USB encane yeBhodi ye-CM4 IO (ebhalwe 'isigqila se-USB').
- Faka i-jumper ku-CM4 IO Board (J2, 'Fit jumper ukuze ukhubaze i-eMMC boot').
Lokhu kuzobangela imojuli ye-CM4 ukuthi iqalise ibhuthi ye-USB, lapho iseva yokuhlinzeka izodlulisa ifayela files yokusetshenziswa kwe-OS phezu kwe-USB.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-OS yensiza isiqalile, izoxhumana neseva yokuhlinzeka nge-Ethernet ukuze ithole eminye imiyalelo, futhi ilande okwengeziwe files (isb isithombe se-OS sizobhalelwa eMMC) njengenjwayelo. Ngakho-ke, ukuxhumana kwe-Ethernet ngaphezu kwekhebula le-USB kusadingeka.
I-Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) kumaswishi e-Ethernet aphethwe
Ukuqalisa i-PXE ngeke kusebenze kahle uma i-STP inikwe amandla eswishi ye-Ethernet ephethwe. Lokhu kungaba okuzenzakalelayo kwamanye amaswishi (isb. I-Cisco), futhi uma kunjalo kuzodingeka ukuthi ikhutshazwe ukuze inqubo yokuhlinzeka isebenze kahle.
I-Raspberry Pi inguphawu lokuthengisa lwe-Raspberry Pi Foundation
Inkampani Raspberry Pi Ltd
Amadokhumenti / Izinsiza
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I-Raspberry Pi Ihlinzeka nge-Raspberry Pi Compute Module [pdf] Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi Ukuhlinzeka nge-Raspberry Pi Compute Module, Ukuhlinzeka, i-Raspberry Pi Compute Module, Compute Module |