Edgecore ECS2100 Series Managed Access Switch

Zofotokozera Zamalonda

• Chitsanzo: ECS2100-10T/ECS2100-10P/ECS2100-10PE ECS2100-28T/ECS2100-28P/ECS2100-28PP/ECS2100-52T
• Webtsamba: www.edge-core.com
• Kutsata: FCC Class A, CE Mark
• Mitundu Yolumikizira: UTP yolumikizira RJ-45, kulumikizana kwa fiber optic kumathandizidwa

Information Safety & Regulatory

Musanayike chipangizocho, chonde werengani ndikutsatira malangizo achitetezo pansipa:

1. Chipangizocho chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito.
2. Onetsetsani kuti chipangizocho chikulumikizidwa ndi malo oyambira kuti atsatire chitetezo.
3. Musamalumikize chigawocho ku magetsi popanda kuyatsa koyenera.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito cholumikizira chamagetsi chokhala ndi kasinthidwe ka EN 60320/IEC 320 kuti mutetezeke.
5. Chingwe chamagetsi chiyenera kupezeka mosavuta kuti chidule msanga.
6. Chigawochi chimagwira ntchito pansi pa SELV malinga ndi miyezo ya IEC 62368-1.

Malangizo Ogwiritsira Ntchito Zogulitsa

Mitundu Yolumikizira

Zolumikizana ndi RJ-45:

• Gwiritsani ntchito Gulu 3 kapena kupitilira apo pamalumikizidwe a 10 Mbps.
• Gwiritsani ntchito Gulu 5 kapena kupitilira apo pamalumikizidwe a 100 Mbps.
• Gwiritsani ntchito Gulu 5, 5e, kapena 6 pamalumikizidwe a 1000 Mbps.

Zolumikizana ndi fiber optic:

• Gwiritsani ntchito 50/125 kapena 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber.
• Kapenanso, gwiritsani ntchito 9/125 micron single-mode fiber.

Magetsi

Onetsetsani kuti chipangizochi chalumikizidwa ndi potengera pansi kuti mupewe ngozi zamagetsi.

Kuchotsa Mphamvu

Kuti mutsegule magetsi ku yuniti, ingochotsani chingwe chamagetsi pachotulukira chomwe chili pafupi ndi yunitiyo.

Kagwiritsidwe Ntchito

Gwiritsani ntchito gawoli pansi pamikhalidwe ya SELV kutsatira malangizo a IEC 62368-1 pachitetezo.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

• Q: Ndi zingwe zamtundu wanji zomwe ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito polumikizira RJ-45?
  • A: Gwiritsani ntchito Gulu 3 kapena kuposerapo pa 10 Mbps, Gulu 5 kapena kuposapo pa 100 Mbps, ndi Gulu 5, 5e, kapena 6 pamalumikizidwe a 1000 Mbps.
• Q: Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito zingwe za fiber optic ndi switch iyi?
  • A: Inde, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito 50/125 kapena 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber kapena 9/125 micron single-mode CHIKWANGWANI cholumikizira CHIKWANGWANI chamawonedwe.
• Q: Kodi ndimadula bwanji mphamvu kuchokera pagawo?
  • A: Ingomasulani chingwe chamagetsi kuchotuluka chomwe chili pafupi ndi yuniti kuti muchotse mphamvu.

Web Management Guide

ECS2100-10T Gigabit Efaneti Switch
Web-Smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Switch yokhala ndi 8 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) Ports ndi 2 Gigabit SFP Ports

ECS2100-10PE Gigabit Efaneti Switch
Web-smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Switch with 8 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) 802.3 af/ at PoE Ports with 2 Gigabit SFP Ports (PoE Power Budget: 65W)

ECS2100-10P Gigabit Ethernet Kusintha
Web-smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Switch with 8 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) 802.3 af/ at PoE Ports and 2 Gigabit SFP Ports (PoE Power Budget: 125 W)

ECS2100-28T Gigabit Efaneti Switch
Web-Smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Switch yokhala ndi 24 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) Ports ndi 4 Gigabit SFP Ports

ECS2100-28P Gigabit Ethernet Kusintha
Web-smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Switch with 24 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) 802.3 af/ at PoE Ports and 4 Gigabit SFP Ports (PoE Power Budget: 200 W)

ECS2100-28PP Gigabit Ethernet Kusintha
Web-Smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Switch yokhala ndi 24 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) 802.3 af/ at PoE Ports ndi 4 Gigabit SFP Ports (PoE Power Budget: 370 W, ingapitirire ku 740 W)

Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Bukhuli

Bukuli likuphatikizapo zambiri za pulogalamu yosinthira, kuphatikizapo momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zoyendetsera kusintha. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito switch iyi moyenera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ikugwira ntchito popanda vuto, muyenera kuwerenga kaye magawo ofunikira mu bukhuli kuti mudziwe bwino za mapulogalamu ake onse.
Ndani Ayenera Kuwerenga Bukhuli?
Bukuli ndi la oyang'anira ma netiweki omwe ali ndi udindo wogwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonza zida za netiweki. Bukuli limatengera chidziwitso chofunikira cha ma LAN (Local Area Networks), Internet Protocol (IP), ndi Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
Momwe Bukhuli Linapangidwira
Bukuli limapereka mwatsatanetsatane za zofunikira za switch. Imafotokozanso za switch web msakatuli mawonekedwe. Kuti mumve zambiri pamawonekedwe a mzere wamalamulo onani CLI Reference Guide.

Bukuli lili ndi magawo awa:

◆ Gawo I "Kuyambira" - Zimaphatikizapo mawu oyambira osintha kasamalidwe, ndi zoikamo zoyambira zofunika kuti mupeze mawonekedwe owongolera.
◆ Gawo II “Web Kukonzekera" - Kumaphatikizapo zosankha zonse zoyang'anira zomwe zikupezeka kudzera mu web msakatuli mawonekedwe.
◆ Gawo III "Zowonjezera" - Zimaphatikizapo zambiri zokhudzana ndi zovuta zopezera kasamalidwe ka kusintha.

Zolemba Zogwirizana
Bukuli limayang'ana pakusintha kwa mapulogalamu kudzera pa web msakatuli.
Kuti mumve zambiri zamomwe mungayendetsere kusinthana kudzera pa mzere wamalamulo, onani chitsogozo chotsatirachi:
CLI Reference Guide

Zindikirani: Kuti mufotokoze momwe mungayambitsire kusintha kwa kasamalidwe kudzera pa CLI, web mawonekedwe kapena SNMP, onetsani ku "Initial Switch Configuration" mu CLI Reference Guide.

Kuti mumve zambiri za momwe mungayikitsire switch, onani chitsogozo chotsatirachi:
Kuyika Guide
Kuti mudziwe zambiri zachitetezo ndi ziganizo zowongolera, onani zolemba izi:
Quick Start Guide
Zachitetezo ndi Zowongolera

Misonkhano Misonkhano iyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu bukhuli kusonyeza zambiri:
Zindikirani: Imatsindika mfundo zofunika kwambiri kapena imakuyitanira chidwi chanu pazinthu zina kapena malangizo.

Kuyambapo

Chigawo ichi chimapereka chowonjezeraview za switch, ndikuyambitsa mfundo zina zoyambira ma switch pamaneti. Ikufotokozanso zoikamo zofunika kuti mupeze mawonekedwe oyang'anira.
Gawoli lili ndi mitu iyi:

Mawu Oyamba

Kusinthaku kumapereka mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana akusintha kwa Layer 2 ndi Layer 3 routing. Zimaphatikizapo wothandizira omwe amakupatsani mwayi wokonza zomwe zalembedwa m'bukuli. Kusintha kosasinthika kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zambiri zoperekedwa ndi switch iyi. Komabe, pali zosankha zambiri zomwe muyenera kuzikonza kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe antchito amtundu wanu wapaintaneti.

Zofunika Kwambiri

 

Kufotokozera za Mapulogalamu a Mapulogalamu

Kusinthaku kumapereka mawonekedwe ambiri apamwamba opititsa patsogolo ntchito. Kuwongolera kuyenda kumachotsa kutayika kwa mapaketi chifukwa cha zopinga zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa madoko. Kuponderezedwa kwa mvula yamkuntho kumalepheretsa kuwulutsa, kuwulutsa kwamitundu yambiri, komanso mafunde osadziwika amtundu wa unicast kuti asawononge netiweki. Untagged (yotengera doko), tagged, ndi ma VLAN ozikidwa pa protocol, kuphatikiza kuthandizira kulembetsa kwa GVRP VLAN kumapereka chitetezo chamsewu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera bandwidth ya netiweki. Kuyika patsogolo kwa CoS kumawonetsetsa kuchedwa pang'ono kwa kusuntha zenizeni zenizeni zapa media media pa netiweki. Pomwe kusefa kwa ma multicast kumathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti nthawi yeniyeni.
Zina mwazowongolera zikufotokozedwa mwachidule pansipa.
Kusintha Kusunga ndi Kubwezeretsa
Mukhoza kusunga zosintha zamakono ku a file pa malo oyang'anira (pogwiritsa ntchito web mawonekedwe) kapena seva ya FTP/SFTP/TFTP (pogwiritsa ntchito fayilo ya web kapena mawonekedwe a console), ndipo kenako tsitsani izi file kubwezeretsa masinthidwe kasinthidwe.

Kutsimikizira
Kusinthaku kumatsimikizira mwayi wowongolera kudzera pa doko la console, Telnet, kapena a web msakatuli. Mayina a ogwiritsa ntchito ndi mawu achinsinsi amatha kukhazikitsidwa kwanuko kapena kutsimikiziridwa kudzera pa seva yotsimikizira yakutali (ie, RADIUS kapena TACACS+). Kutsimikizika kochokera pamadoko kumathandizidwanso kudzera pa protocol ya IEEE 802.1X. Protocol iyi imagwiritsa ntchito Extensible Authentication Protocol over LANs (EAPOL) kufunsa zidziwitso za ogwiritsa ntchito kuchokera kwa kasitomala wa 802.1X, ndiyeno imagwiritsa ntchito EAP pakati pa switch ndi seva yotsimikizira kuti zitsimikizire kuti kasitomala ali ndi ufulu wopeza netiweki kudzera pa seva yotsimikizira (ie, RADIUS kapena TACACS + seva).
Zosankha zina zotsimikizika zikuphatikiza HTTPS kuti mufikire kasamalidwe kotetezeka kudzera pa web, SSH kuti mupeze kasamalidwe kotetezeka pa intaneti yofanana ndi Telnet, SNMP Version 3, kusefa adilesi ya IP ya SNMP/Telnet/web mwayi wotsogolera. Kusefa adilesi ya MAC ndi IP source guard imaperekanso mwayi wopezeka padoko. Pomwe kuyang'ana kwa DHCP kumaperekedwa kuti ateteze kuukira koyipa kuchokera kumadoko osatetezeka.

Access Control Lists
ACLs amapereka paketi zosefera mafelemu IP (kutengera adiresi, protocol, TCP/UDP doko nambala kapena TCP ulamuliro code) kapena mafelemu aliwonse (kutengera MAC adiresi kapena Efaneti mtundu). Ma ACL atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza magwiridwe antchito poletsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamaneti osafunikira kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendetsera chitetezo poletsa mwayi wopeza zinthu kapena ma protocol ena.

Kukonzekera kwa Port Mungathe kukonza pamanja liwiro, mawonekedwe a duplex, ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Gwiritsani ntchito mawonekedwe aduplex pamadoko ngati kuli kotheka kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa ma switch. Kuwongolera koyenda kuyeneranso kuthandizidwa kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamaneti panthawi yazampikisano ndikuletsa kutayika kwa mapaketi pomwe ziwopsezo za madoko zadutsa. Kusinthaku kumathandizira kuwongolera kuyenda motengera muyezo wa IEEE 802.3x (tsopano wophatikizidwa mu IEEE 802.3-2002).

Kuchepetsa Malingo Izi zimawongolera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe amatumizidwa kapena kulandilidwa pamawonekedwe. Kuchepetsa mitengo kumakonzedwa pazolumikizana m'mphepete mwa netiweki kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kulowa kapena kutuluka pamanetiweki. Mapaketi omwe amaposa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ovomerezeka amachotsedwa.

Port Mirroring Chosinthiracho chimatha kuwonetsa mosavutikira kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kuchokera kudoko lililonse kupita kudoko loyang'anira. Mutha kulumikiza chosanthula cha protocol kapena kafukufuku wa RMON padokoli kuti mufufuze zamayendedwe ndikutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa kulumikizana.

Ma Port Trunking Ports amatha kuphatikizidwa kukhala kulumikizana kophatikizana. Mitengoyi imatha kukhazikitsidwa pamanja kapena kusinthidwa mwamphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP - IEEE 802.3-2005). Madoko owonjezera amawonjezera kwambiri kutulutsa kudzera pamalumikizidwe aliwonse, ndikupatsanso mwayi potengera katunduyo ngati doko mu thunthu lilephera. Kusinthaku kumathandizira mpaka mitengo 8.

Storm Control Broadcast, ma multicast ndi kuponderezana kwa mphepo yamkuntho yosadziwika bwino kumalepheretsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pa netiweki. Mukayatsidwa padoko, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto odutsa padoko kumakhala kochepera. Ngati magalimoto akwera pamwamba pa chiwongolero chomwe chinafotokozedwa kale, chidzagwedezeka mpaka mulingowo ugwera pansi pa khomo.

Ma Adilesi Okhazikika a MAC Adilesi yokhazikika imatha kuperekedwa ku mawonekedwe enaake pa switch iyi. Maadiresi osasunthika amakakamira ku mawonekedwe omwe aperekedwa ndipo sadzasunthidwa. Pamene adilesi yosasunthika ikuwoneka pa mawonekedwe ena, adilesi idzanyalanyazidwa ndipo sidzalembedwa pa tebulo la adiresi. Maadiresi osasunthika angagwiritsidwe ntchito popereka chitetezo pamanetiweki poletsa mwayi wopezeka kwa olandira alendo padoko linalake.

Kusefa Maadiresi a IP Kufikira kumadoko opanda chitetezo kungawongoleredwe pogwiritsa ntchito DHCP Snooping yomwe imasefa magalimoto olowera kutengera ma adilesi a IP osasunthika ndi ma adilesi osungidwa patebulo la DHCP Snooping. Magalimoto amathanso kungokhala ma adilesi apadera a IP kapena ma adilesi a IP/MAC adilesi kutengera zomwe zalembedwa kapena zosungidwa patebulo la DHCP Snooping.

IEEE 802.1D Bridge Chosinthira chimathandizira IEEE 802.1D mlatho wowonekera. Gome la ma adilesi limathandizira kusinthana kwa data pophunzira maadiresi, kenako kusefa kapena kutumiza magalimoto motengera chidziwitsochi. Tebulo la ma adilesi limathandizira mpaka ma adilesi a 16K.
Kusintha kwa Kusunga ndi Patsogolo Siwichi imakopera furemu iliyonse mukumbukiro yake isanatumize ku doko lina. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti mafelemu onse ndi kukula kwake kwa Efaneti ndipo atsimikiziridwa kuti ndi olondola ndi cheke cha cyclic redundancy cheque (CRC). Izi zimalepheretsa mafelemu oyipa kulowa mu netiweki ndikuwononga bandwidth.
Kuti mupewe kugwetsa mafelemu pamadoko odzaza, chosinthiracho chimapereka ma 12 Mbits pakubisa chimango. Buffer iyi imatha kuyimitsa mapaketi omwe akudikirira kutumizidwa pamanetiweki odzaza.

Mitengo ya Mtengo Algorithm

Kusinthaku kumathandizira ma protocol amitengo awa:

◆ Spanning Tree Protocol (STP, IEEE 802.1D) - Pulogalamuyi imapereka kuzindikira kwa loop. Pakakhala njira zingapo zakuthupi pakati pa magawo, protocol iyi imasankha njira imodzi ndikuletsa zina zonse kuti zitsimikizire kuti pali njira imodzi yokha pakati pa masiteshoni awiri pamaneti. Izi zimalepheretsa kupanga malupu amtaneti. Komabe, ngati njira yosankhidwayo ikulephera pazifukwa zilizonse, njira ina idzatsegulidwa kuti musunge kulumikizana.
◆ Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP, IEEE 802.1w) - Pulogalamuyi imachepetsa nthawi yosinthika ya kusintha kwa topology kwa 3 mpaka masekondi a 5, poyerekeza ndi masekondi a 30 kapena kuposerapo kwa IEEE 802.1D STP yakale. Amapangidwa kuti alowe m'malo mwa STP, koma amatha kugwirizanabe ndi masiwichi omwe akuyendetsa mulingo wakale pokonzanso madoko kuti akhale ogwirizana ndi STP ngati awona mauthenga a protocol a STP kuchokera ku zida zomwe zalumikizidwa.
◆ Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP, IEEE 802.1s) - Pulogalamuyi ndiyowonjezera mwachindunji RSTP. Itha kupereka mtengo wodziyimira pawokha wa ma VLAN osiyanasiyana. Imathandizira kasamalidwe ka netiweki, imathandizira kulumikizana mwachangu kuposa RSTP pochepetsa kukula kwa dera lililonse, ndikuletsa mamembala a VLAN kuti asagawikane ndi gulu lonse (monga nthawi zina zimachitika ndi IEEE 802.1D STP).

Ma Virtual LAN Kusintha kumathandizira mpaka 4094 VLANs. A Virtual LAN ndi gulu la ma node a netiweki omwe amagawana dera lomwe lagundana mosasamala kanthu komwe ali kapena malo olumikizirana nawo pamaneti. Kusintha kumathandizira tagma VLAN okhazikika kutengera muyezo wa IEEE 802.1Q. Mamembala a magulu a VLAN amatha kuphunzitsidwa mwamphamvu kudzera pa GVRP, kapena madoko atha kuperekedwa pamanja ku gulu linalake la ma VLAN. Izi zimalola kusinthako kuletsa magalimoto kumagulu a VLAN omwe wogwiritsa ntchito wapatsidwa. Pogawa maukonde anu kukhala ma VLAN, mutha:

◆ Chotsani mikuntho yowulutsa yomwe imawononga kwambiri magwiridwe antchito pama network athyathyathya.
◆ Yambitsani kasamalidwe ka netiweki pakusintha kwa node / kusuntha mwakusintha membala wa VLAN padoko lililonse, m'malo mosintha pamanja maukonde.
◆ Perekani chitetezo cha deta mwa kuletsa magalimoto onse ku VLAN yoyambira, kupatulapo pamene kugwirizana kumatanthauzidwa momveka bwino kudzera mu utumiki wa njira yosinthira.
◆ Gwiritsani ntchito ma VLAN a protocol kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kumalo ena otchulidwa potengera mtundu wa protocol.

IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling (QinQ) Mbaliyi idapangidwira opereka chithandizo omwe amanyamula kuchuluka kwamakasitomala ambiri pamamanetiweki awo. QinQ tunneling imagwiritsidwa ntchito posunga masinthidwe a protocol a VLAN ndi Layer 2 malinga ndi kasitomala ngakhale makasitomala osiyanasiyana amagwiritsa ntchito ma ID amkati a VLAN. Izi zimatheka poika Service Provider VLAN
(SPVLAN) tags mu mafelemu kasitomala pamene iwo kulowa maukonde wothandizila, ndiyeno anavula ndi tags pamene mafelemu amachoka pa netiweki.

Kuika Patsogolo Pamsewu Kusinthaku kumaika patsogolo paketi iliyonse kutengera kuchuluka kwa ntchito yomwe ikufunika, kugwiritsa ntchito mizere isanu ndi itatu yofunikira kwambiri, kukonza ma Weighted Round Robin (WRR), kapena mizere yokhwima komanso yolemetsa. Imagwiritsa ntchito IEEE 802.1p ndi 802.1Q tags kuyika patsogolo kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe akubwera kutengera zomwe zachokera ku pulogalamu yomaliza. Ntchitozi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popereka zofunikira zodziyimira pawokha paza data yomwe ingachedwe komanso kuyesetsa kwambiri.
Kusinthaku kumathandizanso njira zingapo zodziwika bwino zoyika patsogolo magalimoto 3/4 kuti akwaniritse zofunikira. Magalimoto atha kukhala otsogola kutengera zomwe zili patsogolo mu IP frame's Type of Service (ToS) octet pogwiritsa ntchito DSCP, kapena IP Precedence. Ntchitozi zikayatsidwa, zoyambira zimayikidwa pamtengo wa Gulu la Utumiki posinthira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kumatumizidwa pamzere wolingana nawo.

Quality of Service Differentiated Services (DiffServ) imapereka njira zoyang'anira zokhazikitsidwa ndi mfundo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika patsogolo zinthu zapaintaneti kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zamtundu wamtundu wamtundu wamtundu wamtundu uliwonse. Phukusi lililonse limasankhidwa mukalowa mu netiweki kutengera mindandanda yofikira, IP Precedence kapena DSCP values, kapena mindandanda ya VLAN. Kugwiritsa ntchito mindandanda yofikira kumakupatsani mwayi wosankha kuchuluka kwa magalimoto potengera Layer 2, Layer 3, kapena Layer 4 zomwe zili mu paketi iliyonse. Kutengera ndi ndondomeko zapaintaneti, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto imatha kuzindikirika pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yotumizira.

IP Routing Kusinthaku kumapereka njira ya Layer 3 IP. Kuti musunge kuchuluka kwa kutulutsa, chosinthiracho chimatsogolera magalimoto onse omwe akudutsa mugawo lomwelo, ndikuyenda magalimoto okhawo omwe amadutsa pakati pa ma subnetwork osiyanasiyana. Kuthamanga kwa mawaya komwe kumaperekedwa ndi switch iyi kumakupatsani mwayi wolumikiza magawo a netiweki kapena ma VLAN palimodzi popanda kuthana ndi zovuta kapena zovuta zamasinthidwe zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ma routers wamba.
Kuwongolera kwa magalimoto amtundu umodzi kumathandizidwa ndi static routing ndi Routing Information Protocol (RIP).
Static Routing - Magalimoto amangoyendetsedweratu pakati pa ma IP amtundu uliwonse wokonzedwa pa switch. Kulowera ku ma Host okhazikika kapena ma adilesi apansi panthaka kumaperekedwa kutengera zolemba za hop yotsatira zomwe zafotokozedwa pa static routing table.
RIP - Protocol iyi imagwiritsa ntchito njira yakutali-vector pamayendedwe. Njira zimatsatiridwa pochepetsa mtunda wa vector, kapena hop count, yomwe imakhala ngati kuyerekeza kwamtengo wotumizira.
Protocol Resolution Protocol Kusinthaku kumagwiritsa ntchito ARP ndi Proxy ARP kutembenuza pakati pa ma adilesi a IP ndi MAC
(hardware) ma adilesi. Kusinthaku kumathandizira ARP wamba, yomwe imapeza adilesi ya MAC yofanana ndi adilesi ya IP. Izi zimalola kusinthako kugwiritsa ntchito ma adilesi a IP posankha njira ndi ma adilesi ofananira a MAC kuti atumize mapaketi kuchokera ku hop kupita kwina. Zolemba zokhazikika kapena zosinthika zitha kukhazikitsidwa mu cache ya ARP.
Proxy ARP imalola olandira omwe sagwirizana ndi njira kuti adziwe adilesi ya MAC ya chipangizo pa netiweki ina kapena subnet. Wolandira alendo akatumiza pempho la ARP la netiweki yakutali, chosinthiracho chimayang'ana kuti muwone ngati ili ndi njira yabwino. Ngati itero, imatumiza adilesi yake ya MAC kwa wolandirayo. Wolandirayo amatumiza magalimoto kumalo akutali kudzera pa switch, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito tebulo lake kuti ifike komwe ikupita pa netiweki ina.

Multicast Filtering Specific multicast traffic ikhoza kuperekedwa ku VLAN yake kuti iwonetsetse kuti sikusokoneza magalimoto wamba komanso kutsimikizira kutumiza munthawi yeniyeni pokhazikitsa gawo lofunikira la VLAN yosankhidwa. Kusinthaku kumagwiritsa ntchito IGMP Snooping ndi Query ya IPv4, ndi MLD Snooping ndi Query ya IPv6 kuyang'anira kulembetsa kwamagulu ambiri.

Link Layer Discovery Protocol LLDP imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza zidziwitso zoyambira pazida zoyandikana nazo zomwe zili mudera lowulutsira kwanuko. LLDP ndi protocol ya Layer 2 yomwe imatsatsa zidziwitso za chipangizo chotumizira ndikusonkhanitsa zidziwitso zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku ma network oyandikana nawo omwe amapeza.
Zotsatsa zimayimiridwa mumtundu wa Type Length Value (TLV) molingana ndi muyezo wa IEEE 802.1ab, ndipo sungaphatikizepo zambiri monga chizindikiritso cha chipangizocho, kuthekera kwake ndi zochunira. Media Endpoint Discovery (LLDP-MED) ndi chowonjezera cha LLDP chomwe chimapangidwira kuyang'anira zida zomaliza monga mafoni a Voice over IP ndi ma switch a netiweki. Ma LLDP-MED TLVs amalengeza zambiri monga mfundo za netiweki, mphamvu, zinthu, ndi zambiri za malo a chipangizocho. Zambiri za LLDP ndi LLDP-MED zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mapulogalamu a SNMP kuti muchepetse zovuta, kuwongolera kasamalidwe ka netiweki, komanso kusunga maukonde olondola.

Zosasintha Zadongosolo

Zosintha zamakina a switch zimaperekedwa pakusinthidwa file
"Factory_Default_Config.cfg." Kuti mukhazikitsenso zosasintha za switch, izi file iyenera kukhazikitsidwa ngati kasinthidwe koyambira file.
Gome ili m'munsili likutchula zina mwazosasintha zadongosolo.
Table 2: Zosasintha Zadongosolo

 

Web Kusintha

Chigawochi chikufotokoza zofunikira zosinthira, komanso kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungasinthire mbali iliyonse kudzera pa a web msakatuli.
Gawoli lili ndi mitu iyi:

Kugwiritsa ntchito Web Chiyankhulo

Kusinthaku kumapereka HTTP yophatikizidwa web wothandizira. Kugwiritsa ntchito a web msakatuli mutha kusintha kusintha ndi view ziwerengero zowunika ntchito zama network. The web wothandizira atha kufikiridwa ndi kompyuta iliyonse pa intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito muyezo web msakatuli (Internet Explorer 9, Mozilla Firefox 39, kapena Google Chrome 44, kapena mitundu ina yaposachedwa).

Zindikirani: Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito Command Line Interface (CLI) kuti musamalire kusinthana kwa serial kulumikizana ndi doko la console kapena kudzera pa Telnet. Kuti mudziwe zambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito CLI, onani CLI Reference Guide.

Kulumikiza ku Web Chiyankhulo

Asanalowe chosinthira kuchokera ku a web msakatuli, onetsetsani kuti mwachita izi:

1. Adilesi ya IP yosasinthika ndi chigoba cha subnet chosinthira ndi 192.168.2.10 ndi 255.255.255.0, popanda chipata chokhazikika. Ngati izi sizikugwirizana ndi subnet yolumikizidwa ndi switch, mutha kuyisintha ndi adilesi yovomerezeka ya IP, chigoba cha subnet, ndi chipata chokhazikika. Kuti mukonze chipangizochi kukhala chipata chokhazikika, gwiritsani ntchito tsamba la IP > Routing > Static Routes (Onjezani), ikani adilesi yolowera ku mawonekedwe ofunikira, ndikudumphani motsatira ku null adilesi 0.0.0.0 .
2. Khazikitsani mayina a ogwiritsa ntchito ndi mapasiwedi pogwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kwa serial kwakunja. Kufikira ku web wothandizira amawongoleredwa ndi mayina a ogwiritsa ntchito omwewo ndi mawu achinsinsi monga pulogalamu yosinthira paboard.
3. Mukalowetsa dzina la osuta ndi mawu achinsinsi, mudzakhala ndi mwayi wopita ku dongosolo la kasinthidwe kachitidwe.

Zindikirani: Mukuloledwa kuyesa katatu kulowa mawu achinsinsi olondola; pa kachitatu analephera kuyesa kugwirizana panopa wathetsedwa.
Chidziwitso: Ngati mulowa mu web mawonekedwe ngati mlendo (Normal Exec level), mutha view zoikamo kasinthidwe kapena kusintha alendo achinsinsi. Mukalowa ngati "admin" (Privileged Exe level), mutha kusintha makonda patsamba lililonse.
Zindikirani: Ngati njira yapakati pa malo oyang'anira ndi kusinthaku sikudutsa pa chipangizo chilichonse chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito Spanning Tree Algorithm, mutha kuyimitsa cholumikizira cholumikizidwa ndi malo oyang'anira kuti chitumize mwachangu (mwachitsanzo, yambitsani Admin Edge Port) kuti muwongolere nthawi yoyankhira yosinthira ku malamulo oyang'anira operekedwa kudzera pa web mawonekedwe.
Chidziwitso: Ogwiritsa ntchito amachotsedwa pa seva ya HTTP kapena seva ya HTTPS ngati palibe cholowa chomwe chapezeka kwa masekondi 600.
Zindikirani: Kugwirizana kwa web mawonekedwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito pa HTTPS pogwiritsa ntchito ulalo wa IPv6 adilesi yakomweko.

Kuyenda pa Web Browser Interface

Kuti mupeze ma web-mawonekedwe abrowser muyenera choyamba kuyika dzina la ogwiritsa ntchito ndi mawu achinsinsi. Woyang'anira ali ndi mwayi wowerengera/Kulemba pazosintha zonse ndi ziwerengero. Dzina losasinthika ndi password ya woyang'anira ndi "admin." Woyang'anira ali ndi mwayi wofikira wokwanira kukonza magawo aliwonse mu web mawonekedwe. Dzina losasinthika ndi mawu achinsinsi ofikira alendo ndi "mlendo." Mlendo ali ndi mwayi wowerengera pazosintha zambiri.

Dashboard Pamene wanu web msakatuli amalumikizana ndi switch web wothandizira, Dashboard ikuwonetsedwa monga momwe zilili pansipa. Dashboard imawonetsa menyu yayikulu kumanzere kwa chinsalu ndi Information System, CPU Utilization, Temperature, and Top 5 Most Active Interfaces kumanja. Maulalo a menyu akulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendera mindandanda yazakudya zina, ndikuwonetsa zosintha ndi ziwerengero.

Chithunzi 1: Dashboard

Zosintha Zosintha Zosintha zili ndi bokosi la zokambirana kapena mndandanda wotsikira pansi. Kusintha kwa kasinthidwe kapangidwe patsamba, onetsetsani kuti mwadina batani la Ikani kuti mutsimikizire zosintha zatsopano. Gome lotsatirali likufotokoza mwachidule za web mabatani osintha tsamba.

Gulu 3: Web Mabatani Okonzekera Tsamba

Chiwonetsero cha Panel web wothandizira akuwonetsa chithunzi cha madoko a switch. Njirayi ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa kuti iwonetse zambiri zamadoko, kuphatikiza Active (ie, mmwamba kapena pansi), Duplex (ie, theka kapena duplex yonse), kapena Flow Control (ie, ndi kapena popanda kuwongolera).

Chithunzi 2: Zizindikiro Zamagulu Akutsogolo

ZINDIKIRANI: Bukuli lili ndi ma switch a ECS2100-10T/10PE/10P ndi ECS2100-28T/28P/28PP Gigabit Ethernet. Kupatulapo kusiyana kwamitundu yamadoko, ndi chithandizo cha PoE, palibe kusiyana kwakukulu.
ZINDIKIRANI: Mutha kutsegula kulumikizana ndi ogulitsa web tsamba podina chizindikiro cha Edgecore.

Main Menyu Pogwiritsa ntchito paboard web wothandizira, mutha kufotokozera magawo adongosolo, kuyang'anira ndikuwongolera kusintha, ndi madoko ake onse, kapena kuwunika momwe netiweki ikuyendera. Gome ili m'munsili likufotokoza mwachidule zomwe zasankhidwa kuchokera mu pulogalamuyi.

Basic Management Tasks

Mutuwu ukufotokoza mitu iyi:

◆ Kuwonetsa Zambiri Zadongosolo - Amapereka kufotokozera kwadongosolo, kuphatikizapo mauthenga okhudzana.
◆ Kuwonetsa Mabaibulo a Hardware/Software - Kuwonetsa mtundu wa hardware, mphamvu, ndi firmware
◆ Kukonzekera Thandizo la Jumbo Frames - Kumathandiza kuthandizira mafelemu a jumbo.
◆ Kuwonetsa Maluso Okulitsa Mlatho - Kuwonetsa magawo okulitsa mlatho.
◆ Kuwongolera Dongosolo Files - Imafotokoza momwe mungakwezere mapulogalamu ogwiritsira ntchito kapena kasinthidwe files, ndikukhazikitsa dongosolo loyambira files.
◆ Kukhazikitsa System Clock - Imayika nthawi yamakono pamanja kapena kudzera pa seva za NTP kapena SNTP.
◆ Kukonzekera Console Port - Kukhazikitsa magawo olumikizira doko la console.
◆ Kukhazikitsa Zokonda za Telnet - Kukhazikitsa magawo olumikizirana a Telnet.
◆ Kuwonetsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito CPU - Kuwonetsa zambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito CPU.
◆ Kukonzekera CPU Guard - Imayika malire malinga ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito CPU ndi chiwerengero cha mapaketi okonzedwa pamphindi.
◆ Kuwonetsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Memory - Kuwonetsa magawo ogwiritsira ntchito kukumbukira.
◆ Kubwezeretsanso Dongosolo - Kuyambiranso kusinthana mwamsanga, panthawi inayake, pambuyo pa kuchedwa kwapadera, kapena pakapita nthawi.

Kuwonetsa Zambiri Zadongosolo

Gwiritsani ntchito Tsamba la System> General kuti muzindikire dongosololi powonetsa zambiri monga dzina la chipangizocho, malo ndi zidziwitso.

Parameters

Ma parameter awa akuwonetsedwa:

◆ Kufotokozera Kwadongosolo - Kufotokozera mwachidule za mtundu wa chipangizo.
◆ Chidziwitso cha System Object - ID ya chinthu cha MIB II chowongolera kasamalidwe ka netiweki.
◆ System Up Time - Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe wothandizira woyang'anira wakhala.
◆ Dzina Ladongosolo - Dzina loperekedwa ku makina osinthira.
◆ Malo a Dongosolo - Imatchula malo a dongosolo.
◆ Kulumikizana Kwadongosolo - Woyang'anira yemwe ali ndi udindo pa dongosolo.

Web Chiyankhulo

Kukonza zambiri zamakina:

1. Dinani System, General.
2. Tchulani dzina la dongosolo, malo, ndi mauthenga okhudzana ndi woyang'anira dongosolo.
3. Dinani Ikani.

Deti - Imakhazikitsa nthawi yoyambira, yomaliza, komanso yosinthira nthawi yachilimwe kuti musinthe nthawi imodzi. Mchitidwewu umakhazikitsa zoni yanthawi yachilimwe yogwirizana ndi nthawi yomwe yakhazikitsidwa pano. Kuti mutchule nthawi yofananira ndi nthawi yanu yachilimwe yomwe nthawi yachilimwe iyamba kugwira ntchito, muyenera kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mphindi zomwe dera lanu lachilimwe limapatuka pa nthawi yanu yanthawi zonse.

◆ Offset - Kuthetsa nthawi yachilimwe kuchokera kumadera anthawi zonse, mumphindi.
(Mphindi: 1-120 mphindi)
◆ Kuyambira - Nthawi yoyambira yosinthira nthawi yachilimwe.
◆ Ku - Nthawi yotsiriza ya nthawi yachilimwe.

Njira Yobwereza - Imakhazikitsa nthawi yoyambira, yomaliza, komanso yosinthira nthawi yachilimwe kuti musinthe mobwerezabwereza. Mchitidwewu umakhazikitsa zoni yanthawi yachilimwe yogwirizana ndi nthawi yomwe yakhazikitsidwa pano. Kuti mutchule nthawi yofananira ndi nthawi yanu yachilimwe yomwe nthawi yachilimwe iyamba kugwira ntchito, muyenera kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mphindi zomwe dera lanu lachilimwe limapatuka pa nthawi yanu yanthawi zonse.

◆ Offset - Kuthetsa nthawi yachilimwe kuchokera kumadera anthawi zonse, mumphindi. (Mphindi 1-120)
◆ Kuyambira - Nthawi yoyambira yosinthira nthawi yachilimwe.
◆ Ku - Nthawi yotsiriza ya nthawi yachilimwe.

Web Chiyankhulo

Kufotokozera zokonda za nthawi yachilimwe:

1. Dinani SNTP, Nthawi ya Chilimwe.
2. Sankhani imodzi mwa njira zokonzekera, konzekerani zikhumbo zoyenera, thandizani nthawi yachilimwe.
3. Dinani Ikani.

Kupanga Console Port

Gwiritsani ntchito menyu ya System> Console kuti musinthe magawo olumikizirana ndi doko losinthira. Mutha kupeza pulogalamu yosinthira paboard polumikiza chida chogwirizana ndi VT100 padoko la chosinthira chosinthira. Kufikira koyang'anira kudzera pa doko la console kumayendetsedwa ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mawu achinsinsi (omwe angasinthidwe kudzera mu CLI), kutuluka kwa nthawi, ndi zosintha zoyambira zoyankhulirana. Dziwani kuti magawo awa akhoza kukhazikitsidwa kudzera pa web kapena mawonekedwe a CLI.

Parameters

Ma parameter awa akuwonetsedwa:

◆ Login Timeout - Imayika nthawi yomwe dongosolo likudikirira kuti wogwiritsa ntchito alowe mu CLI. Ngati kuyesa kolowera sikuzindikirika mkati mwa nthawi yotha, kulumikizanako kumathetsedwa pa gawoli. (Range: 10-300 masekondi; Zofikira: 300 masekondi)
◆ Exec Timeout - Imayika nthawi yomwe dongosolo likudikirira mpaka kulowetsedwa kwa wosuta kuzindikiridwa. Ngati zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito sanazizindikire pakapita nthawi, gawo lomwe lilipo limathetsedwa. (Range: 60-65535 masekondi; Kufikira: 600 masekondi)
◆ Password Threshold - Imakhazikitsa malo olowera mawu achinsinsi, omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zoyeserera zolephera. Pamene kuyesera kwa logon kufikiridwa, mawonekedwe a dongosolo amakhala chete kwa nthawi yodziwika (yokhazikitsidwa ndi Silent Time parameter) asanalole kuyesa kwa logon kotsatira. (Range: 1-120; Zosasintha: 3 kuyesa)
◆ Nthawi Yopanda Chete - Imayika nthawi yochuluka yomwe kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake sikungatheke pambuyo poti chiwerengero cha zoyesayesa zosagwira ntchito zadutsa. (Range: 1-65535 masekondi; Zosasintha: Wolumala)
◆ Data Bits - Imayika chiwerengero cha data bits pa khalidwe lomwe limatanthauziridwa ndi kupangidwa ndi doko la console. Ngati parity ikupangidwa, tchulani ma data 7 pamtundu uliwonse. Ngati palibe kufanana komwe kumafunikira, tchulani ma data 8 pamtundu uliwonse. (Kufikira: 8 bits)
◆ Imitsani Bits - Imayika kuchuluka kwa zoyimitsa zomwe zimatumizidwa pa byte. (Range: 1-2; Zosasintha: 1 stop bit)
◆ Parity - Kutanthawuza m'badwo wa parity bit. Njira zoyankhulirana zoperekedwa ndi ma terminals ena angafunike kukhazikitsidwa kwaparity bit. Tchulani Ngakhale, Odd, kapena Palibe. (Zofikira: Palibe)
◆ Liwiro - Imakhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa baud ya mzere wotumizira (ku terminal) ndikulandila (kuchokera ku terminal). Khazikitsani liwiro kuti lifanane ndi kuchuluka kwa baud kwa chipangizo cholumikizidwa ndi doko la siriyo. (Range: 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, kapena 115200 baud; Zosasintha: 115200 baud)

Zokonda patebulo la Adilesi

Masiwichi amasunga ma adilesi azida zonse zodziwika. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podutsa magalimoto mwachindunji pakati pa madoko olowera ndi otuluka. Maadiresi onse omwe aphunziridwa poyang'anira kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamsewu amasungidwa pa tebulo la ma adilesi osinthika. Mukhozanso kukonza pamanja maadiresi omwe ali ndi doko linalake.

Mutuwu ukufotokoza mitu iyi:

◆ Cache Yamaadiresi Yamphamvu - Imawonetsa zolemba zamphamvu patebulo la adilesi.
◆ Adilesi Yanthawi Yakukalamba - Imakhazikitsa nthawi yomaliza ya zomwe mwaphunzira mwamphamvu.
◆ Kuphunzira kwa Adilesi ya MAC - Kumathandiza kapena kulepheretsa kuphunzira adiresi pa mawonekedwe.
◆ Ma Adilesi a MAC osasunthika - Amakonza zolemba zosasunthika patebulo la adilesi.
◆ Misampha Yodziwitsa MAC - Chotsani msampha pamene adilesi ya MAC yowonjezereka ikuwonjezeredwa kapena kuchotsedwa.

Kuwonetsa Dynamic Address Table

Gwiritsani ntchito tsamba la MAC Address> Dynamic (Show Dynamic MAC) kuti muwonetse maadiresi a MAC omwe aphunziridwa poyang'anira komwe amachokera kwa anthu omwe akulowa pa switch.
Adilesi yofikira ya kuchuluka kwa magalimoto olowera ikapezeka mu nkhokwe, mapaketi opangira adilesiyo amatumizidwa kudoko lolumikizidwa. Apo ayi, magalimoto amasefukira kumadoko onse.

Parameters

Ma parameter awa akuwonetsedwa:

◆ Sinthani Chinsinsi - Mutha kusankha zomwe zikuwonetsedwa kutengera adilesi ya MAC, VLAN kapena mawonekedwe (doko kapena thunthu).
◆ Adilesi ya MAC - Adilesi yakunyumba yolumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe awa.
◆ VLAN - ID ya VLAN yokonzedwa (1-4094).
◆ Chiyankhulo - Chimasonyeza doko kapena thunthu.
◆ Mtundu - Zikuwonetsa kuti zolemba mu tebulo ili zaphunziridwa.
(Makhalidwe: Ophunzitsidwa kapena Chitetezo, chomaliza chomwe chimasonyeza Port Security)
◆ Nthawi ya Moyo - Imawonetsa nthawi yosunga adilesi yotchulidwa

Web Chiyankhulo

Kuwonetsa tebulo la adilesi yosinthika:

1. Dinani adilesi ya MAC, Yamphamvu.
2. Sankhani Show Dynamic MAC kuchokera pa mndandanda wa Zochita.
3. Sankhani Kusintha Kofunikira (MAC Address, VLAN, kapena Interface).
4. Lowetsani magawo osakira (MAC Address, VLAN, kapena Interface).
5. Dinani Funso.

Chidziwitso Chachilolezo

Izi zikuphatikiza mapulogalamu a chipani chachitatu omwe ali ndi copyright malinga ndi GNU General Public License (GPL), GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), kapena ziphaso zina zaulere zokhudzana ndi pulogalamuyo.
Khodi ya GPL yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunduwu imagawidwa POPANDA CHITIMIKIZO CHILICHONSE ndipo ili pansi pa copyright ya wolemba m'modzi kapena angapo. Kuti mumve zambiri, onani gawo la "GNU General Public License" pansipa, kapena onetsani laisensi yomwe ili m'malo osungira zakale.

GNU General Public License

GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Umwini (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
Aliyense amaloledwa kukopera ndi kugawira makope a layisensiyi, koma kusintha sikuloledwa.

Mawu Oyamba

Zilolezo zamapulogalamu ambiri zidapangidwa kuti zikuchotsereni ufulu wogawana ndikusintha. Mosiyana, GNU General Public License cholinga chake ndikukutsimikizirani ufulu wanu wogawana ndikusintha mapulogalamu aulere-kuwonetsetsa kuti pulogalamuyo ndi yaulere kwa onse ogwiritsa ntchito. Chilolezo Chachikulu Chomwechi chimagwira ntchito pamapulogalamu ambiri a Free Software Foundation komanso pulogalamu ina iliyonse yomwe olemba amadzipereka kuti azigwiritsa ntchito. (Mapulogalamu ena a Free Software Foundation ali ndi GNU Library General Public License m'malo mwake.) Mutha kuyikanso pamapulogalamu anu.

Tikamalankhula za pulogalamu yaulere, tikunena za ufulu, osati mtengo. Ma Licensi athu Onse Onse adapangidwa kuti awonetsetse kuti muli ndi ufulu wogawira mapulogalamu aulere (ndi kulipiritsa ntchitoyi ngati mukufuna), kuti mulandire code code kapena mutha kuyipeza ngati mukufuna, kuti mutha kusintha mapulogalamu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zidutswa zake mu mapulogalamu atsopano aulere; ndi kuti mukudziwa kuti mukhoza kuchita zinthu izi.

Kuti titeteze ufulu wanu, tifunika kupanga zoletsa zomwe zimaletsa aliyense kukukanizani maufuluwa kapena kukupemphani kuti mupereke ufuluwo. Zoletsa izi zimamasulira ku maudindo ena kwa inu ngati mugawa makope a pulogalamuyo, kapena ngati muwasintha. Za example, ngati mugawira makope a pulogalamu yotere, kaya mwaulere kapena pamalipiro, muyenera kupatsa olandirawo ufulu wonse womwe muli nawo. Muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti nawonso, alandila kapena atha kupeza magwero. Ndipo muwawonetse mawu awa kuti adziwe za ufulu wawo.

Timateteza ufulu wanu ndi njira ziwiri: (1) kukopera mapulogalamu, ndi (2) kukupatsani laisensi yomwe imakupatsani chilolezo chalamulo kukopera, kugawa ndi/kapena kusintha mapulogalamu. Komanso, pachitetezo cha wolemba aliyense komanso chathu, tikufuna kutsimikizira kuti aliyense amvetsetsa kuti palibe chitsimikizo cha pulogalamu yaulere iyi. Ngati pulogalamuyo yasinthidwa ndi munthu wina ndi kuperekedwa, timafuna kuti omwe akuilandira adziwe kuti zomwe ali nazo sizoyambirira, kotero kuti mavuto aliwonse oyambitsidwa ndi ena asawonetsere mbiri ya olemba oyambirira.

Pomaliza, pulogalamu iliyonse yaulere imawopsezedwa nthawi zonse ndi ma patent apulogalamu. Tikufuna kupeŵa chiwopsezo choti ogawanso pulogalamu yaulere azitha kupeza ziphaso zapatent, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pulogalamuyo ikhale yake. Kuti tipewe izi, tafotokoza momveka bwino kuti patent iliyonse iyenera kukhala ndi chilolezo kuti aliyense agwiritse ntchito mwaulere kapena osaloledwa konse. Zomwe zili bwino pakukopera, kugawa ndikusintha zimatsata.

GNU GENERAL PUBLIC PUBLIC LICENSI MFUNDO NDI ZOYENERA KUKOpera, KUGAWALA NDI KUSINTHA

1. License iyi imagwiranso ntchito pulogalamu iliyonse kapena ntchito ina iliyonse yomwe imakhala ndi chidziwitso chololezedwa ndi omwe ali ndi ufulu woti akhoza kugawidwa malinga ndi Chilolezo Chachikulu Cha Anthu Onse. "Dongosolo", pansipa, limatanthawuza pulogalamu kapena ntchito iliyonse, ndipo "ntchito yozikidwa pa Ndondomekoyi" imatanthawuza kuti Pulogalamuyo kapena ntchito iliyonse yochokera pamalamulo okopera: kutanthauza kuti, ntchito yomwe ili ndi Pulogalamuyo kapena gawo la icho, kaya liwu kapena liwu kapena zosinthidwa ndi / kapena kumasuliridwa mchilankhulo china. (Pano, kumasulira kumaphatikizidwa popanda malire mu mawu oti "kusinthidwa".) Chilolezo chilichonse chimatchedwa "inu". Zochita zina kupatula kukopera, kugawa ndikusintha sizinachitike ndi License iyi; iwo sali kunja kwa kukula kwake. Ntchito yoyendetsera pulogalamuyi siyimangolekezedwa, ndipo zotuluka mu Pulogalamuyi zimangotsekedwa pokhapokha ngati zomwe zili muntchitoyo zikugwirizana ndi Pulogalamuyi (popanda kuyambitsa ndondomekoyi). Kaya izi ndi zoona zimadalira zomwe Pulogalamuyo imachita.
2. Mungathe kukopera ndi kugawira malemba a gwero la pulogalamuyo pamene mukulandira, mwanjira ina iliyonse, malinga ngati mwasindikiza momveka bwino komanso moyenerera pa kopi iliyonse chidziwitso choyenera cha kukopera ndi chokanirira cha chitsimikizo; sungani zidziwitso zonse zomwe zimanena za Licensiyi komanso kusakhalapo kwa chitsimikizo chilichonse; ndikupatsanso ena onse omwe alandila Pulogalamuyi kope la License iyi pamodzi ndi Pulogalamuyo. Mutha kulipira chindapusa posamutsa kopi, ndipo mwakufuna kwanu mutha kupereka chitetezo chachitetezo posinthana ndi chindapusa.
3. Mutha kusintha mtundu wa pulogalamuyo kapena gawo lililonse la pulogalamuyo, ndikupanga ntchito yochokera mu Pulogalamuyi, ndikukopera ndikugawa zosinthazo kapena kugwira ntchito molingana ndi Gawo 1 pamwambapa, bola mukakumana ndi zonse izi:
a) Muyenera kuyambitsa zosinthidwa files kunyamula zidziwitso zodziwika bwino zonena kuti mwasintha files ndi tsiku la kusintha kulikonse.
b) Muyenera kuyambitsa ntchito iliyonse yomwe mumagawira kapena kusindikiza, yomwe ili yonse kapena gawo lina kapena imachokera ku Pulogalamu kapena gawo lililonse, kuti ikhale ndi chilolezo chonse popanda malipiro kwa anthu ena onse malinga ndi Chilolezochi. .
c) Ngati pulogalamu yosinthidwa nthawi zambiri imawerenga malamulo oyendetsera ntchito mukamayendetsa, muyenera kuyambitsa, mukayamba kuyigwiritsa ntchito moyenera, kuti musindikize kapena kuwonetsa chilengezo kuphatikiza chidziwitso chovomerezeka chaumwini ndi chidziwitso kuti palibe chitsimikizo (kapena ayi, kunena kuti mumapereka chidziwitso) ndikuti ogwiritsa ntchito atha kugawanso pulogalamuyo pansi pa izi, ndikuwuza wogwiritsa ntchito momwe angachitire view kopi ya License iyi.
(Kupatulapo: ngati Pulogalamuyo yokhayo imagwira ntchito koma nthawi zambiri sichisindikiza chilengezo choterocho, ntchito yanu yochokera pa Pulogalamuyi sikufunika kusindikiza chilengezo.) Zofunikira izi zimagwira ntchito yosinthidwa yonse. Ngati zigawo zozindikirika za ntchitoyi sizinachokere ku Purogalamu, ndipo zitha kuganiziridwa kuti ndi ntchito zodziyimira pawokha komanso zosiyana mwazokha, ndiye kuti Licensiyi, ndi ziganizo zake, sizigwira ntchito ku magawo amenewo mukawagawa ngati ntchito zosiyana. Koma mukamagawa magawo omwewo monga gawo lonse lomwe ndi ntchito yozikidwa pa Pulogalamuyi, kugawidwa kwa zonsezo kuyenera kukhala malinga ndi Chilolezo ichi, zomwe zilolezo za malayisensi ena zimafalikira ku lonse, ndipo motero ku gawo lililonse mosasamala kanthu za amene analemba. Chifukwa chake, sicholinga cha gawoli kunena ufulu kapena kutsutsa ufulu wanu wogwira ntchito yolembedwa ndi inu; m'malo mwake, cholinga chake ndikugwiritsa ntchito ufulu wolamulira kugawidwa kwa ntchito zotengedwa kapena zophatikizana zochokera pa Pulogalamu.
Kuphatikiza apo, kungophatikizana kwa ntchito ina yosatengera Pulogalamuyo ndi Purogalamu (kapena ndi ntchito yozikidwa pa Purogalamu) pa kuchuluka kwa malo osungira kapena kugawa sikubweretsa ntchito ina pansi pa Layisensi iyi.
4. Mutha kukopera ndikugawa Pulogalamuyo (kapena ntchito yozikidwa pamenepo, pansi pa Gawo 2) mu chikhodi kapena mawonekedwe omwe angathe kuchitidwa malinga ndi Gawo 1 ndi 2 pamwambapa ngati inunso mutachita izi:
a). Iperekezeni ndi nambala yokwanira yowerengeka ndi makina, yomwe iyenera kugawidwa malinga ndi Gawo 1 ndi 2 pamwambapa pa sing'anga yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito posinthana mapulogalamu; kapena,
b) Phatikizani ndi chopereka cholembedwa, chovomerezeka kwa zaka zosachepera zitatu, kuti mupatse munthu wina aliyense, pamtengo wosaposa mtengo wanu wogawira gwero, buku lathunthu lowerengeka pamakina amtundu wofananira, kukhala kugawidwa malinga ndi Ndime 1 ndi 2 pamwambapa pa sing'anga yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito posinthana mapulogalamu; kapena,
c) Phatikizani ndi zidziwitso zomwe mwalandira pakugawirako khodi yofananira. (Njira ina iyi imaloledwa kugawidwa kokha popanda malonda ndipo pokhapokha mutalandira pulogalamuyo mu code code kapena fomu yomwe mungathe kuchita ndi mwayi woterewu, molingana ndi Ndime B pamwambapa.)
Khodi yoyambira ntchito imatanthawuza mtundu womwe mumakonda wa ntchito kuti musinthe. Pantchito yogwirika, khodi yathunthu imatanthauza magwero onse a ma module omwe ali nawo, kuphatikiza matanthauzidwe aliwonse ogwirizana nawo. files, kuphatikiza zolemba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kuphatikiza ndikuyika omwe angathe kuchitidwa. Komabe, monga chosiyana ndi china chake, nambala yoyambira yomwe imagawidwa siyofunika kuphatikiza chilichonse chomwe chimagawidwa (kaya gwero kapena mtundu wa bayinare) ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu (zophatikizira, kernel, ndi zina zotero) za kachitidwe kogwirira ntchito komwe otsogolera amayendetsa, Pokhapokha pokhapokha ngati chigawocho chikutsatira omwe akuyenera kuchitidwa. Ngati kugawidwa kwa nambala yokhoza kuchitidwa kapena chinthu kumapangidwa mwa kupereka mwayi wopezeka kuchokera pamalo osankhidwa, ndikupatsanso mwayi wofanizira mtundu wachinsinsi kuchokera kumalo omwewo kuwerengedwa ngati kufalitsa nambala yachinsinsi, ngakhale anthu ena sakakamizidwa kukopera gwero limodzi ndi kachidindo kachinthu.
5. Simungathe kukopera, kusintha, kupereka ndalama zochepa, kapena kugawira pulogalamuyi pokhapokha ngati ikutsatiridwa ndi License iyi. Kuyesayesa kulikonse kukopera, kusintha, kupereka ndalama zochepa kapena kugawa pulogalamuyi kulibe kanthu, ndipo kumangothetsa ufulu wanu pansi pa Licenseyi. Komabe, maphwando omwe alandila makope, kapena ufulu, wochokera kwa inu pansi pa Licenseyi sadzachotseredwa chilolezo bola maphwandowa azitsatira kwathunthu.
6. Simukuyenera kulandira License iyi, chifukwa simunasaine. Komabe, palibe china chilichonse chomwe chimakupatsani chilolezo choti musinthe kapena kugawa Pulogalamuyo kapena ntchito zake. Izi ndizoletsedwa ndi lamulo ngati simulandira Chilolezo ichi. Chifukwa chake, pakusintha kapena kugawa Pulogalamuyo (kapena ntchito iliyonse yochokera pa Pulogalamuyi), mukuwonetsa kuvomereza kwanu License iyi kuti muchite izi, ndi zikhalidwe zake zonse pakukopera, kugawa kapena kusintha pulogalamuyo kapena kugwira ntchito.
7. Nthawi iliyonse yomwe mugawiranso pulogalamuyi (kapena ntchito iliyonse yochokera mu Pulogalamuyi), wolandirayo amalandila chiphaso kuchokera kwa yemwe anali ndi layisensi yoyambirira kuti akopere, kugawa kapena kusintha pulogalamuyo malinga ndi izi. Simungapereke zoletsa zina kwa olandila ufulu wawo woperekedwa pano. Simuli ndi udindo wokakamiza kutsatira magawo atatu a Licenseyi.
8. Ngati, chifukwa cha chigamulo cha khoti kapena chifukwa chakuphwanya patent kapena pazifukwa zina (zosachepera pa nkhani za patent), zikhalidwe zimayikidwa pa inu (kaya ndi lamulo la khothi, mgwirizano kapena ayi) zomwe zikutsutsana ndi izi. License, samakukhululukirani ku zikhalidwe za License iyi. Ngati simungathe kugawa kuti mukwaniritse nthawi imodzi zomwe muli nazo pansi pa Laisensi iyi ndi zina zilizonse zofunika, ndiye chifukwa chake simungagawane Pulogalamuyi. Za example, ngati chiphaso cha patent sichingalole kugawanso kwaulere kwa Pulogalamuyi ndi onse omwe amalandira makope mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina kudzera mwa inu, ndiye njira yokhayo yomwe mungakwaniritsire zonsezo komanso Chilolezochi chingakhale kukana kugawa Pulogalamuyo. Ngati gawo lililonse la gawoli likhala losavomerezeka kapena losavomerezeka pazochitika zinazake, gawolo liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo gawo lonselo likuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzochitika zina.
Sicholinga cha gawoli kukunyengererani kuti muphwanye ma patent aliwonse kapena zonena zaufulu wa katundu kapena kutsutsa zonena zotere; gawoli lili ndi cholinga chokhacho chotetezera kukhulupirika kwa pulogalamu yaulere yogawa mapulogalamu, yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi machitidwe a laisensi ya anthu. Anthu ambiri apereka mowolowa manja ku mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana omwe amagawidwa kudzera mu dongosololi podalira kugwiritsa ntchito kachitidwe kameneko kosasintha; zili kwa wolemba / wopereka ndalama kuti asankhe ngati ali wokonzeka kugawa mapulogalamu kudzera mu dongosolo lina lililonse ndipo wopereka chilolezo sangathe kukakamiza chisankhocho. Gawoli likufuna kumveketsa bwino lomwe zomwe amakhulupirira kuti ndi zotsatira za License yonseyi.
9. Ngati kufalitsa ndi / kapena kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyi kuli koletsedwa m'maiko ena mwina ndi zovomerezeka kapena malo okhala ndi ufulu, wokhala ndiumwini woyambirira yemwe amaika Pulogalamuyi pa Licenseyi atha kuwonjezera malire pamagawo kupatula mayiko amenewo, kuti magawowo amaloledwa kokha m'maiko kapena pakati pa mayiko osatulutsidwa. Potero, License iyi imaphatikizapo malire ngati kuti adalembedwa mthupi la License iyi.
10. Free Software Foundation ikhoza kusindikiza mitundu yatsopano kapena / kapena yatsopano ya General Public License nthawi ndi nthawi. Mabaibulo atsopanowa adzakhala ofanana ndi amtundu wapano, koma atha kusiyanasiyana mwatsatanetsatane kuthana ndi mavuto kapena nkhawa zatsopano. Mtundu uliwonse umapatsidwa nambala yosiyanitsira. Ngati Pulogalamuyi itchula nambala ya License iyi yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi "mtundu wina uliwonse wamtsogolo", muli ndi mwayi wotsatira malamulo kapena mtundu wina uliwonse womwe ungasindikizidwe ndi Free Software Foundation. Ngati Pulogalamuyi sinafotokozere nambala ya License iyi, mutha kusankha mtundu uliwonse womwe udasindikizidwa ndi Free Software Foundation.
11. Ngati mukufuna kuphatikiza magawo ena a pulogalamuyi muma pulogalamu ena aulele omwe magawo ake ndiosiyana, lembani wolemba kuti apemphe chilolezo. Kwa mapulogalamu omwe ali ndi ufulu ndi Free Software Foundation, lembani ku Free Software Foundation; nthawi zina timapatula izi. Chisankho chathu chiziwongoleredwa ndi zolinga ziwiri zoteteza ufulu wa zotengera zonse za pulogalamu yathu yaulere ndikulimbikitsa kugawana ndikugwiritsanso ntchito pulogalamuyo.

PALIBE CHItsimikizo

1. CHIFUKWA CHA Dongosolo LIMAPEREKEDWA KWAULERE KWAULERE, PALIBE CHITSIMIKIZO CHA Dongosolo, KULAMULIRA KWAMBIRI NDI LAMULO LOFUNIKA. POPANDA PAMENE WINA ANALEMBEDWA Polemba ZOYANG'ANIRA KWA OTSOGOLERA NDI / KAPENA MAGULU ANTHU AMAPEREKA DONGOSOLO "MONGA ALIYO" POPANDA CHITSIMIKIZO CHA MTUNDU WONSE, KAPENA KUFOTOKOZEDWA KAPENA KUKHUDZIDWA, KUPHATIKIZAPO, KOMA OSAKHAZEREKA KUKHALA, ZOKHUDZA ZOKHUDZA ZOKHUDZA MALO . KUOPSA KWAMBIRI KWA UMOYO NDI NTCHITO YA Dongosolo NDI INU. KODI Dongosolo LIYENERA KUONETSA, MUNGAGWIRITSE NTCHITO YA NTCHITO YONSE YOFUNIKA, KUKONZEKERA KAPA KUKONZEKETSA.
2. POSAKHALA POPANDA KUFUNIKIRA NDI MALAMULO OGWIRITSA NTCHITO KAPENA KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO YOPHUNZITSIRA ALIYENSE OGWIRITSA MALAMULO, KAPENA ALIYENSE AMENE AMASINTHA NDIPO / KAPENA KUDZIPEREKA PULOGU LOMWE LAKULEMBEDWA PAMODZI, KHALANI NANSO KWA ZOIPA, KUPHATIKIRA MWA MALO, ZOCHITIKA ZOCHITIKA KAPENA ZOCHITIKA ZOTHANDIZA ZOKHUDZA NTCHITO KAPENA KULEPHERA KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO (KUPhatikizira KOMA OSALI MALIRE KUCHITIKA KWA DETA KAPENA DATA LOPEREKEDWA NDI INU KAPENA MAPANGANO ACHITATU) , NGAKHALE KUTI WOYANG'ANIRA CHONSE KAPENA WINA WAPEREKEDWA KUTI AKHALE NDI ZOIPA ZINA.

MAPETO A MFUNDO NDI ZOCHITA

Zolemba / Zothandizira

Edgecore ECS2100 Series Managed Access Switch [pdf] Buku la Malangizo ECS2100-10T, ECS2100-10P, ECS2100-10PE, ECS2100-28T, ECS2100-28P, ECS2100-28PP, ECS2100-52T, ECS2100 Series Managed Access Switch, ECS2100 Access Switch, Managed Access Switch, ECSXNUMX Access Switch

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