Edgecore ECS2100 Series Manajan Samun Canjin Umarnin Jagora

Tambaya: Wane irin igiyoyi zan yi amfani da su don haɗin RJ-45?
- A: Yi amfani da Category 3 ko mafi kyau don 10 Mbps, Category 5 ko mafi kyau don 100 Mbps, da Category 5, 5e, ko 6 don haɗin 1000 Mbps.
Tambaya: Zan iya amfani da igiyoyin fiber optic tare da wannan canji?
- A: Ee, zaku iya amfani da ko dai 50/125 ko 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber ko 9/125 micron fiber guda ɗaya don haɗin fiber na gani.
Tambaya: Ta yaya zan cire haɗin wuta daga naúrar?
- A: Kawai cire igiyar wutar lantarki daga wurin da ke kusa da naúrar don cire wuta.

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Web Jagoran Gudanarwa

Saukewa: ECS2100-10T Gigabit Ethernet
Web-Smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Canjin tare da 8 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) Tashoshi da 2 Gigabit SFP Ports

Saukewa: ECS2100-10PE Gigabit Ethernet
Web-Smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Canja tare da 8 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) 802.3 af/a PoE Ports tare da 2 Gigabit SFP Ports (PoE Power Budget: 65W)

Saukewa: ECS2100-10P Gigabit Ethernet
Web-Smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Canja tare da 8 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) 802.3 af/a PoE Ports da 2 Gigabit SFP Ports (PoE Power Budget: 125 W)

Saukewa: ECS2100-28T Gigabit Ethernet
Web-Smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Canjin tare da 24 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) Tashoshi da 4 Gigabit SFP Ports

Saukewa: ECS2100-28P Gigabit Ethernet
Web-Smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Canja tare da 24 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) 802.3 af/a PoE Ports da 4 Gigabit SFP Ports (PoE Power Budget: 200 W)

Saukewa: ECS2100-28PP Gigabit Ethernet
Web-Smart Pro Gigabit Ethernet Canja tare da 24 10/100/1000BASE-T (RJ-45) 802.3 af / a PoE Ports da 4 Gigabit SFP Ports (PoE Power Budget: 370 W, na iya mika zuwa 740 W)

Yadda Ake Amfani da Wannan Jagoran

Wannan jagorar ya ƙunshi cikakken bayani akan software na sauyawa, gami da yadda ake aiki da amfani da ayyukan gudanarwa na sauyawa. Don ƙaddamar da wannan canjin yadda ya kamata da tabbatar da aiki ba tare da matsala ba, ya kamata ka fara karanta sassan da suka dace a cikin wannan jagorar don ka saba da duk fasalulluka na software.
Wanene Ya Kamata Ya Karanta Wannan Jagoran?
Wannan jagorar don masu gudanar da hanyar sadarwa ne waɗanda ke da alhakin aiki da kiyaye kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa. Jagoran yana ɗaukar ainihin ilimin aiki na LANs (Cibiyoyin Yanar Gizon Yanki), Tsarin Intanet (IP), da Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
Yadda Aka Shirya Wannan Jagora
Wannan jagorar yana ba da cikakken bayani game da mahimman abubuwan sauya fasalin. Hakanan yana bayyana masu sauyawa web browser dubawa. Don bayani akan mu'amalar layin umarni koma zuwa Jagoran Magana na CLI.

Jagoran ya ƙunshi waɗannan sassan:

◆ Sashe na I “Farawa” - Ya haɗa da gabatarwar don canza gudanarwa, da mahimman saitunan da ake buƙata don samun damar haɗin gudanarwa.
◆ Sashi na II”Web Kanfigareshan" - Ya haɗa da duk zaɓuɓɓukan gudanarwa da ake samu ta hanyar web browser dubawa.
◆ Sashe na III “Appendices” - Ya haɗa da bayani kan samun damar sarrafa sauya matsala.

Takardu masu alaƙa
Wannan jagorar tana mai da hankali kan sauya tsarin software ta hanyar web mai bincike.
Don bayani kan yadda ake sarrafa canji ta hanyar layin umarni, duba jagorar mai zuwa:
Jagoran Magana na CLI

Lura: Don bayanin yadda ake fara sauyawa don samun damar gudanarwa ta hanyar CLI, web dubawa ko SNMP, koma zuwa “Tsarin Canji na Farko” a cikin Jagoran Magana na CLI.

Don bayani kan yadda ake shigar da maɓalli, duba jagorar mai zuwa:
Jagoran Shigarwa
Don duk bayanan aminci da bayanan tsari, duba takaddun masu zuwa:
Jagoran Fara Mai Sauri
Bayanin Tsaro da Ka'idoji

An yi amfani da tarurruka masu zuwa a cikin wannan jagorar don nuna bayanai:
Lura: Yana jaddada mahimman bayanai ko kiran hankalin ku zuwa fasali ko umarni masu alaƙa.

Farawa

Wannan sashe yana ba da ƙarewaview na sauyawa, da kuma gabatar da wasu ra'ayoyi na asali game da masu sauya hanyar sadarwa. Hakanan yana bayyana ainihin saitunan da ake buƙata don samun dama ga mahaɗin gudanarwa.
Wannan sashe ya ƙunshi waɗannan surori:

Gabatarwa

Wannan jujjuya tana ba da faffadan fasalulluka don sauyawa Layer 2 da kuma layin 3 Layer. Ya haɗa da wakilin gudanarwa wanda ke ba ku damar daidaita fasalin da aka jera a cikin wannan jagorar. Za a iya amfani da tsayayyen tsari don yawancin abubuwan da wannan canji ya bayar. Koyaya, akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa waɗanda yakamata ku saita don haɓaka aikin sauya don mahallin cibiyar sadarwar ku.

Mabuɗin Siffofin

Bayanin Halayen Software

Canjin yana ba da fa'idodi masu yawa na haɓaka ayyukan haɓaka aiki. Gudanar da kwarara yana kawar da asarar fakiti saboda kwalabe da ke haifar da jikewar tashar jiragen ruwa. Ƙunƙarar guguwa yana hana watsa shirye-shirye, multicast, da guguwar zirga-zirgar da ba a sani ba daga mamaye cibiyar sadarwa. Untagged (tushen tashar jiragen ruwa), tagged, da VLANs na tushen yarjejeniya, da tallafi don rijistar GVRP VLAN ta atomatik suna ba da tsaro na zirga-zirga da ingantaccen amfani da bandwidth na cibiyar sadarwa. Lissafin fifiko na CoS yana tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin jinkiri don matsar da bayanan multimedia na ainihin lokaci a cikin hanyar sadarwa. Yayin da tace multicast yana ba da tallafi don aikace-aikacen cibiyar sadarwa na lokaci-lokaci.
Wasu fasalolin gudanarwa an bayyana su a taƙaice a ƙasa.
Ajiyayyen Kanfigareshan da Dawowa
Kuna iya ajiye saitunan daidaitawa na yanzu zuwa a file a kan tashar gudanarwa (amfani da web dubawa) ko uwar garken FTP/SFTP/TFTP (ta amfani da web ko console interface), kuma daga baya zazzage wannan file don mayar da saitunan daidaitawa.

Tabbatarwa
Wannan canjin yana tabbatar da samun damar gudanarwa ta tashar tashar wasan bidiyo, Telnet, ko a web mai bincike. Ana iya daidaita sunayen masu amfani da kalmomin shiga a cikin gida ko ana iya tantance su ta hanyar sabar tantancewa mai nisa (watau RADIUS ko TACACS+). Ana kuma goyan bayan amincin tushen tashar jiragen ruwa ta hanyar ka'idar IEEE 802.1X. Wannan ka'ida tana amfani da Ƙa'idar Tabbatar da Ƙarfafawa a kan LANs (EAPOL) don neman takardun shaidar mai amfani daga abokin ciniki na 802.1X, sa'an nan kuma yana amfani da EAP tsakanin sauyawa da uwar garken tabbatarwa don tabbatar da haƙƙin abokin ciniki don samun damar hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sabar tabbaci (watau RADIUS ko TACACS+ uwar garken).
Sauran zaɓuɓɓukan tantancewa sun haɗa da HTTPS don amintaccen damar gudanarwa ta hanyar web, SSH don amintacciyar hanyar gudanarwa ta hanyar sadarwa daidai da Telnet, Siffar SNMP 3, Tacewar adireshin IP don SNMP/Telnet/web damar gudanarwa. Tacewar adireshin MAC da mai gadin tushen IP suma suna ba da ingantacciyar hanyar shiga tashar jiragen ruwa. Yayin da aka samar da snooping DHCP don hana munanan hare-hare daga tashar jiragen ruwa marasa tsaro.

Lissafin Sarrafa Hannu
ACLs suna ba da tacewa fakiti don firam ɗin IP (dangane da adireshi, yarjejeniya, lambar tashar tashar TCP/UDP ko lambar sarrafa TCP) ko kowane firam (dangane da adireshin MAC ko nau'in Ethernet). Ana iya amfani da ACLs don haɓaka aiki ta hanyar toshe zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa mara amfani ko don aiwatar da sarrafa tsaro ta hanyar taƙaita damar zuwa takamaiman albarkatun cibiyar sadarwa ko ladabi.

Kanfigareshan tashar jiragen ruwa Zaka iya saita saurin, yanayin duplex, da sarrafa kwararar da ake amfani da su akan takamaiman tashoshin jiragen ruwa, ko amfani da tattaunawar kai tsaye don gano saitunan haɗin da na'urar da aka makala ke amfani da ita. Yi amfani da cikakken yanayin duplex akan tashar jiragen ruwa a duk lokacin da zai yiwu don ninka abin da ake samu na haɗin haɗin kai. Hakanan ya kamata a ba da damar sarrafa kwarara don sarrafa zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa yayin lokutan cunkoso da hana asarar fakiti lokacin da aka wuce madaidaicin madaidaicin tashar jiragen ruwa. Maɓallin yana goyan bayan sarrafa kwarara bisa ma'aunin IEEE 802.3x (yanzu an haɗa shi cikin IEEE 802.3-2002).

Ƙayyadaddun Ƙimar Wannan fasalin yana sarrafa matsakaicin ƙimar zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa da aka karɓa ko karɓa akan mu'amala. An saita ƙayyadaddun ƙimar ƙima akan musaya a gefen hanyar sadarwa don iyakance zirga-zirgar shiga ko waje. Fakitin da suka wuce adadin zirga-zirgar da aka yarda an jefar dasu.

Port Mirroring Mai sauyawa yana iya kwatanta zirga-zirga daga kowace tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa tashar mai saka idanu. Sannan zaku iya haɗa mai nazarin yarjejeniya ko bincike na RMON zuwa wannan tashar jiragen ruwa don yin nazarin zirga-zirga da tabbatar da amincin haɗin gwiwa.

Ana iya haɗa tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Trunking zuwa haɗin haɗin gwiwa. Ana iya saita gangar jikin da hannu ko kuma daidaita su ta hanyar amfani da Protocol Sarrafa Haɗin Haɗi (LACP - IEEE 802.3-2005). Ƙarin tashoshin jiragen ruwa suna ƙaruwa da yawa a cikin kowane haɗin gwiwa, kuma suna ba da sakewa ta hanyar ɗaukar nauyin idan tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin akwati ya kamata ya gaza. Maɓallin yana tallafawa har zuwa kututture 8.

Watsa shirye-shiryen Gudanar da guguwa, multicast da ba a sani ba na hana guguwar unicast yana hana zirga-zirga daga mamaye hanyar sadarwa.Lokacin da aka kunna a tashar tashar jiragen ruwa, ana ƙuntata matakin zirga-zirgar da ke wucewa ta tashar jiragen ruwa. Idan zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ta haura sama da ƙofa da aka riga aka ayyana, za a yi maƙasudi har sai matakin ya faɗi baya ƙasan bakin kofa.

Adireshin MAC A tsaye Ana iya sanya adireshi na tsaye zuwa takamaiman keɓancewa akan wannan canjin. adiresoshin tsaye suna ɗaure zuwa keɓancewar keɓancewa kuma ba za a motsa su ba. Lokacin da aka ga adireshi na tsaye akan wani wurin dubawa, za a yi watsi da adireshin kuma ba za a rubuta shi zuwa teburin adireshi ba. Ana iya amfani da adiresoshin tsaye don samar da tsaro na cibiyar sadarwa ta hanyar hana shiga ga sanannen mai masaukin baki zuwa takamaiman tashar jiragen ruwa.

Tace Adireshin IP Ana iya sarrafa damar zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa marasa tsaro ta amfani da DHCP Snooping wanda ke tace zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga bisa tushen adiresoshin IP da adiresoshin da aka adana a teburin Snooping na DHCP. Hakanan za'a iya iyakance zirga-zirga zuwa takamaiman adiresoshin IP na tushen ko tushen IP/Mac adireshi nau'i-nau'i dangane da madaidaicin shigarwar ko shigarwar da aka adana a teburin Snooping na DHCP.

Gadar IEEE 802.1D Canjin yana goyan bayan gadar IEEE 802.1D ta gaskiya. Teburin adireshin yana sauƙaƙe sauyawa bayanai ta hanyar adiresoshin koyo, sannan tacewa ko tura zirga-zirga bisa wannan bayanin. Teburin adireshin yana goyan bayan adiresoshin har zuwa 16K.
Canjawa-Ajiye-da-Gabawa Canjawa yana kwafin kowane firam zuwa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyarsa kafin tura su zuwa wata tashar jiragen ruwa. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa duk firam ɗin ƙaƙƙarfan girman Ethernet ne kuma an tabbatar da daidaito tare da rajistan sakewa na cyclic (CRC). Wannan yana hana munanan firam ɗin shiga cibiyar sadarwa da ɓata bandwidth.
Don guje wa faɗuwar firam a kan cunkoson tashoshin jiragen ruwa, mai sauyawa yana ba da 12 Mbits don buffering firam. Wannan buffer na iya yin layi na fakiti masu jiran watsawa akan cunkoson hanyoyin sadarwa.

Algorithm na Bishiyoyi

Canjin yana goyan bayan waɗannan ƙa'idodin bishiyar:

◆ Ƙa'idar Bishiyar Bishiya (STP, IEEE 802.1D) - Wannan ƙa'idar tana ba da gano madauki. Lokacin da akwai hanyoyi da yawa na zahiri tsakanin sassan, wannan ka'idar za ta zaɓi hanya ɗaya kuma ta kashe duk sauran don tabbatar da cewa hanya ɗaya ce kawai ta kasance tsakanin kowane tashoshi biyu akan hanyar sadarwa. Wannan yana hana ƙirƙirar madaukai na cibiyar sadarwa. Koyaya, idan hanyar da aka zaɓa ta gaza saboda kowane dalili, za'a kunna madadin hanyar don kiyaye haɗin.
◆ Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP, IEEE 802.1w) - Wannan ka'ida tana rage lokacin haɗuwa don canjin yanayin hanyar sadarwa zuwa kusan daƙiƙa 3 zuwa 5, idan aka kwatanta da 30 seconds ko fiye don babban ma'aunin IEEE 802.1D STP. An yi niyya a matsayin cikakken maye gurbin STP, amma har yanzu yana iya yin hulɗa tare da maɓalli masu aiki da tsofaffin ma'auni ta hanyar sake saita tashar jiragen ruwa ta atomatik zuwa yanayin yarda da STP idan sun gano saƙon ka'idar STP daga na'urorin da aka haɗe.
◆ Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP, IEEE 802.1s) - Wannan ka'ida shine tsawo na RSTP kai tsaye. Yana iya samar da bishiyar mai faɗi mai zaman kanta don VLANs daban-daban. Yana sauƙaƙa sarrafa hanyar sadarwa, yana ba da haɗin kai da sauri fiye da RSTP ta hanyar iyakance girman kowane yanki, kuma yana hana membobin VLAN su rabu daga sauran rukunin (kamar yadda wani lokaci yana faruwa tare da IEEE 802.1D STP).

Virtual LANs Canjin yana goyan bayan VLANs 4094. Virtual LAN shine tarin nodes na cibiyar sadarwa waɗanda ke raba yankin karo iri ɗaya ba tare da la'akari da wurinsu na zahiri ko wurin haɗin yanar gizo ba. Sauyawa yana goyan bayan tagged VLANs dangane da ma'aunin IEEE 802.1Q. Membobin ƙungiyoyin VLAN ana iya koyan su ta hanyar GVRP, ko kuma ana iya sanya tashoshin jiragen ruwa da hannu zuwa takamaiman saitin VLANs. Wannan yana ba da damar sauyawa don taƙaita zirga-zirga zuwa ƙungiyoyin VLAN waɗanda aka sanya mai amfani zuwa gare su. Ta hanyar rarraba hanyar sadarwar ku zuwa VLANs, zaku iya:

◆ Kawar da guguwar watsa shirye-shirye wanda ke lalata aiki sosai a cikin hanyar sadarwa mai lebur.
◆ Sauƙaƙe sarrafa hanyar sadarwa don canje-canje / motsi ta hanyar daidaita membobin VLAN na kowane tashar jiragen ruwa, maimakon canza hanyar sadarwar da hannu.
◆ Samar da tsaro na bayanai ta hanyar taƙaita duk zirga-zirga zuwa tushen VLAN, sai dai inda aka bayyana haɗin kai tsaye ta hanyar sabis na routing.
◆ Yi amfani da VLANs na yarjejeniya don taƙaita zirga-zirga zuwa ƙayyadaddun musaya dangane da nau'in yarjejeniya.

IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling (QinQ) Wannan fasalin an ƙera shi ne don masu samar da sabis waɗanda ke ɗaukar zirga-zirga don abokan ciniki da yawa a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar su. Ana amfani da rami na QinQ don kula da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abokin ciniki na VLAN da Layer 2 ko da abokan ciniki daban-daban suna amfani da ID na VLAN na ciki iri ɗaya. Ana yin wannan ta hanyar saka VLAN mai ba da sabis
(SPVLAN) tags a cikin firam ɗin abokin ciniki lokacin da suka shigar da hanyar sadarwar mai bada sabis, sannan kuma suna cirewa tags lokacin da firam ɗin ke barin hanyar sadarwa.

Bayar da fifikon zirga-zirga Wannan canjin yana ba da fifiko ga kowane fakiti dangane da matakin sabis ɗin da ake buƙata, ta amfani da layukan fifiko guda takwas tare da tsayayyen fifiko, Jadawalin Ma'auni na Zagaye Robin (WRR), ko haɗaɗɗen jerin gwano mai nauyi. Yana amfani da IEEE 802.1p da 802.1Q tags don ba da fifikon zirga-zirga masu shigowa bisa ga shigarwa daga aikace-aikacen tasha. Ana iya amfani da waɗannan ayyuka don samar da abubuwan fifiko masu zaman kansu don bayanan jinkiri-tsari da mafi kyawun ƙoƙarin bayanai.
Wannan sauyawa kuma yana goyan bayan hanyoyin gama gari da yawa na ba da fifikon zirga-zirgar layin 3/4 don biyan buƙatun aikace-aikacen. Ana iya ba da fifikon zirga-zirgar ababen hawa dangane da fifikon ragi a cikin Nau'in Sabis na Firam ɗin IP (ToS) octet ta amfani da DSCP, ko Precedence na IP. Lokacin da aka kunna waɗannan ayyukan, ana tsara abubuwan da suka fi dacewa zuwa ƙimar Sabis ta hanyar sauyawa, sannan a aika da zirga-zirga zuwa layin fitarwa daidai.

Ingantattun Sabis daban-daban (DiffServ) yana ba da hanyoyin gudanarwa na tushen manufofi da ake amfani da su don ba da fifikon albarkatun cibiyar sadarwa don biyan buƙatun takamaiman nau'ikan zirga-zirga akan kowane hop. Ana rarraba kowane fakiti akan shigarwa cikin hanyar sadarwar bisa la'akari da jerin hanyoyin shiga, ƙimar IP ko ƙimar DSCP, ko jerin VLAN. Amfani da lissafin shiga yana ba ku damar zaɓar zirga-zirga bisa ga Layer 2, Layer 3, ko Layer 4 bayanin da ke ƙunshe a cikin kowane fakiti. Dangane da manufofin hanyar sadarwa, ana iya yiwa nau'ikan zirga-zirga iri-iri don nau'ikan turawa daban-daban.

IP Routing Mai sauyawa yana samar da layin IP na Layer 3. Don kiyaye yawan abin da ake fitarwa, mai sauyawa yana tura duk zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar da ke wucewa a cikin yanki ɗaya, kuma hanyoyin zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ne kawai waɗanda ke wucewa tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa daban-daban. Hanyar saurin waya da aka samar ta wannan maɓalli yana ba ka damar haɗa sassan cibiyar sadarwa ko VLAN cikin sauƙi tare ba tare da yin maganin ƙulla-ƙulle ko matsalolin daidaitawa da ke da alaƙa da na'urori na yau da kullun ba.
Ana goyan bayan zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar unicast tare da a tsaye da kuma ka'idar Bayanin Hanyar hanya (RIP).
Tsayayyen Hanyar Hanya - Ana korar zirga-zirga ta atomatik tsakanin kowace hanyar sadarwa ta IP da aka saita akan maɓalli. Ana ba da hanyar tafiya zuwa runduna masu daidaitawa ko adiresoshin subnet bisa la'akari da shigarwar hop na gaba da aka ƙayyade a cikin madaidaicin tebur.
RIP - Wannan ƙa'idar tana amfani da hanyar nesa-vector don kewayawa. Ana ƙididdige hanyoyin bisa tushen rage nisa vector, ko ƙidayar hop, wanda ke aiki azaman ƙayyadaddun ƙimar watsawa.
Yarjejeniyar Ƙimar Adireshi Canjin yana amfani da ARP da Proxy ARP don canzawa tsakanin adiresoshin IP da MAC.
(hardware) adireshi. Wannan canjin yana goyan bayan ARP na al'ada, wanda ke gano adireshin MAC daidai da adireshin IP da aka bayar. Wannan yana ba da damar sauyawa don amfani da adiresoshin IP don yanke shawara da kuma adiresoshin MAC masu dacewa don tura fakiti daga hop zuwa na gaba. Ana iya daidaita shigarwar a tsaye ko mai ƙarfi a cikin ma'ajin ARP.
Proxy ARP yana ba da damar runduna waɗanda ba sa goyan bayan kwatance don tantance adireshin MAC na wata na'ura akan wata hanyar sadarwa ko cibiyar sadarwa. Lokacin da mai watsa shiri ya aika buƙatar ARP don cibiyar sadarwa mai nisa, mai sauyawa yana bincika don ganin ko tana da hanya mafi kyau. Idan ya yi, yana aika nasa adireshin MAC ga mai masaukin baki. Mai masaukin sai ya aika da zirga-zirga zuwa wurin da ke nesa ta hanyar maɓalli, wanda ke amfani da nasa tebur ɗin don isa wurin da ke wata hanyar sadarwa.

Multicast Filtering Specific trafic multicast za a iya sanyawa zuwa nasa VLAN don tabbatar da cewa baya tsoma baki tare da zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa ta al'ada kuma don ba da garantin isar da ainihin lokacin ta saita matakin fifikon da ake buƙata don VLAN da aka keɓe. Canjin yana amfani da IGMP Snooping da Query don IPv4, da MLD Snooping da Query don IPv6 don sarrafa rajistar ƙungiyar multicast.

Link Layer Discovery Protocol Ana amfani da LLDP don gano ainihin bayanai game da na'urorin maƙwabta a cikin yankin watsa shirye-shiryen gida. LLDP ƙa'idar Layer 2 ce wacce ke tallata bayanai game da na'urar aika kuma tana tattara bayanan da aka tattara daga kuɗaɗen cibiyar sadarwa da ta gano.
Ana wakilta bayanin da aka tallata a tsarin Nau'in Tsawon Ƙimar (TLV) bisa ga ma'auni na IEEE 802.1ab, kuma yana iya haɗawa da cikakkun bayanai kamar gano na'urar, iyawa da saitunan daidaitawa. Gano Ƙarshen Media (LLDP-MED) haɓaka ne na LLDP da aka yi niyya don sarrafa na'urorin ƙarshen kamar Murya akan wayoyin IP da masu sauya hanyar sadarwa. LLDP-MED TLVs suna tallata bayanai kamar manufofin cibiyar sadarwa, iko, ƙira, da cikakkun bayanan wurin na'urar. Ana iya amfani da bayanan LLDP da LLDP-MED ta aikace-aikacen SNMP don sauƙaƙa matsala, haɓaka gudanarwar cibiyar sadarwa, da kiyaye ingantaccen tsarin cibiyar sadarwa.

Matsalolin Tsari

Ana ba da ɓangarorin tsarin canji a cikin daidaitawa file
"Factory_Default_Config.cfg." Don sake saita madaidaicin canji, wannan file ya kamata a saita azaman saitin farawa file.
Teburin da ke gaba yana lissafin wasu ƙa'idodi na asali.
Tebur 2: Tsare-tsaren Tsare-tsare

Web Kanfigareshan

Wannan sashe yana bayyana ainihin fasalulluka na sauyawa, tare da cikakken bayanin yadda ake daidaita kowane fasali ta hanyar a web mai bincike.
Wannan sashe ya ƙunshi waɗannan surori:

Amfani da Web Interface

Wannan maɓalli yana ba da haɗin HTTP web wakili. Amfani da a web browser za ka iya saita canji da kuma view kididdiga don saka idanu ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa. The web Ana iya samun dama ga wakili ta kowace kwamfuta akan hanyar sadarwa ta amfani da ma'auni web browser (Internet Explorer 9, Mozilla Firefox 39, ko Google Chrome 44, ko wasu nau'ikan kwanan nan).

Lura: Hakanan zaka iya amfani da Interface Interface Command (CLI) don sarrafa maɓalli akan hanyar haɗin kai zuwa tashar wasan bidiyo ko ta Telnet. Don ƙarin bayani kan amfani da CLI, koma zuwa Jagoran Magana na CLI.

Haɗawa zuwa Web Interface

Kafin samun dama ga sauyawa daga a web browser, tabbata kun fara aiwatar da ayyuka masu zuwa:

1. Adireshin IP na asali da abin rufe fuska na subnet don sauyawa shine 192.168.2.10 da 255.255.255.0, ba tare da tsoho kofa ba. Idan wannan bai dace da gidan yanar gizon da aka haɗa da maɓalli ba, zaku iya saita shi tare da ingantaccen adireshin IP, abin rufe fuska na subnet, da tsohuwar ƙofa. Don saita wannan na'urar azaman ƙofa ta tsohuwa, yi amfani da shafin IP> Routing> Static Routes (Ƙara) shafi, saita adireshin wurin zuwa wurin da ake buƙata, sa'annan hop na gaba don warware adireshin 0.0.0.0 .
2. Saita sunayen mai amfani da kalmomin shiga ta amfani da hanyar haɗin da ba ta da iyaka. Samun dama ga web Sunan mai amfani iri ɗaya da kalmomin shiga suna sarrafa wakili kamar shirin daidaitawar kan jirgin.
3. Bayan ka shigar da sunan mai amfani da kalmar sirri, za ka sami damar shiga tsarin tsarin tsarin.

Lura: An ƙyale ku ƙoƙari uku don shigar da kalmar sirri daidai; a karo na uku da bai yi nasara ba an ƙare haɗin yanzu.
Note: Idan ka shiga cikin web dubawa a matsayin baƙo (Normal Exec matakin), za ka iya view saitunan saitunan ko canza kalmar sirrin baƙo. Idan ka shiga a matsayin "admin" (Privileged Exec matakin), za ka iya canza saituna a kowane shafi.
Lura: Idan hanyar da ke tsakanin tashar gudanarwar ku da wannan maɓalli ba ta wuce ta kowace na'ura da ke amfani da Algorithm na Bishiyar Spanning ba, to, zaku iya saita tashar sauyawa da ke haɗe zuwa tashar gudanarwar ku don aikawa da sauri (watau kunna Admin Edge Port) don haɓaka lokacin amsawar canjin zuwa umarnin gudanarwa da aka bayar ta hanyar web dubawa.
Lura: Ana cire masu amfani ta atomatik daga uwar garken HTTP ko uwar garken HTTPS idan ba a gano shigarwar na tsawon daƙiƙa 600 ba.
Lura: Haɗin kai zuwa web Ba a samun tallafi don HTTPS ta amfani da adireshin mahaɗin gida na IPv6.

Kewayawa Web Interface Mai Rarraba

Don samun dama ga web-browser interface dole ne ka fara shigar da sunan mai amfani da kalmar sirri. Mai gudanarwa yana da damar karanta/Rubuta zuwa duk sigogin sanyi da ƙididdiga. Tsohuwar sunan mai amfani da kalmar sirri na mai gudanarwa shine "admin." Mai gudanarwa yana da cikakken damar shiga don saita kowane sigogi a cikin web dubawa. Tsohuwar sunan mai amfani da kalmar sirri don samun damar baƙo shine “baƙo.” Baƙon kawai yana da damar karantawa don yawancin sigogin daidaitawa.

Dashboard Lokacin da ka web browser yana haɗi tare da masu kunnawa web wakili, ana nuna Dashboard kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa. Dashboard yana nuna babban menu na gefen hagu na allo da Bayanin Tsari, Amfani da CPU, Zazzabi, da Manyan Mu'amala 5 Mafi Aiki a gefen dama. Ana amfani da manyan hanyoyin haɗin menu don kewaya zuwa wasu menus, da nuna sigogin sanyi da ƙididdiga.

Hoto 1: Dashboard

Zaɓuɓɓukan Kanfigareshan Ma'auni masu daidaitawa suna da akwatin maganganu ko jerin zaɓuka. Da zarar an yi canjin sanyi a shafi, tabbatar da danna maɓallin Aiwatar don tabbatar da sabon saitin. Teburin mai zuwa ya taƙaita web maɓallan sanyi na shafi.

Tebur 3: Web Maɓallan Kanfigareshan Shafi

Panel Nuni The web Wakilin yana nuna hoton tashar jiragen ruwa. Za'a iya saita yanayin don nuna bayanai daban-daban don tashoshin jiragen ruwa, gami da Active (watau sama ko ƙasa), Duplex (watau rabi ko cikakken duplex), ko Gudanar da Yawo (watau tare da ko ba tare da sarrafa kwarara ba).

Hoto na 2: Alamomin Gaban Gaba

NOTE: Wannan littafin ya ƙunshi ECS2100-10T/10PE/10P da ECS2100-28T/28P/28PP Gigabit Ethernet masu sauyawa. Ban da bambancin nau'ikan tashar jiragen ruwa, da goyan bayan PoE, babu bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci.
NOTE: Kuna iya buɗe haɗi zuwa na mai siyarwa web site ta danna kan tambarin Edgecore.

Babban Menu Yin amfani da kan jirgin web wakili, zaku iya ayyana sigogin tsarin, sarrafawa da sarrafa sauyawa, da duk tashar jiragen ruwa, ko saka idanu yanayin cibiyar sadarwa. Tebur mai zuwa yana bayyana a taƙaice zaɓin da ake samu daga wannan shirin.

Ayyukan Gudanarwa na asali

Wannan babin yana bayyana batutuwa masu zuwa:

◆ Nuna Bayanin Tsarin - Yana ba da bayanin tsarin asali, gami da bayanin lamba.
◆ Nuna Siffofin Hardware / Software - Yana Nuna nau'ikan kayan aikin, matsayin iko, da nau'ikan firmware
◆ Haɓaka Taimako don Firam ɗin Jumbo - Yana ba da damar tallafi don firam ɗin jumbo.
◆ Nuna Ƙwararrun Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafawa - Yana nuna sigogin tsawo na gada.
◆ Gudanar da Tsarin Files - Yana bayyana yadda ake haɓaka software ko daidaitawa files, kuma saita farawa tsarin files.
◆ Saita agogon tsarin - Yana saita lokaci na yanzu da hannu ko ta takamaiman sabar NTP ko SNTP.
◆ Haɓaka Port Console - Yana saita sigogin haɗin tashar tashar jiragen ruwa.
◆ Haɓaka Saitunan Telnet - Yana saita sigogin haɗin Telnet.
◆ Nuna Amfani da CPU - Nuna bayanai akan amfani da CPU.
◆ Haɓaka CPU Guard - Yana saita ƙofofi dangane da lokacin amfani da CPU da adadin fakitin da aka sarrafa a sakan daya.
◆ Nuna Amfani da Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa)
◆ Sake saita tsarin - Sake kunna sauyawa nan da nan, a ƙayyadadden lokaci, bayan ƙayyadadden jinkiri, ko a wani lokaci na lokaci.

Nuna Bayanin Tsarin

Yi amfani da Tsarin> Gaba ɗaya shafi don gano tsarin ta hanyar nuna bayanai kamar sunan na'urar, wurin da bayanin lamba.

Siga

Ana nuna waɗannan sigogi:

◆ Bayanin Tsarin - Takaitaccen bayanin nau'in na'urar.
◆ ID Abun Tsari - MIB II ID na abu don tsarin tsarin gudanarwar cibiyar sadarwa.
◆ Tsarin Lokaci - Tsawon lokacin da wakilin gudanarwa ya ƙare.
◆ Sunan tsarin - Sunan da aka sanya wa tsarin sauyawa.
◆ Tsarin Wuri - Yana ƙayyade wurin tsarin.
◆ System Contact - Mai gudanarwa da ke da alhakin tsarin.

Web Interface

Don saita bayanan tsarin gaba ɗaya:

1. Danna System, Gabaɗaya.
2. Ƙayyade sunan tsarin, wuri, da bayanin tuntuɓar mai kula da tsarin.
3. Danna Aiwatar.

Yanayin Kwanan wata - Yana saita farkon, ƙare, da lokacin rani don sauyawa akan lokaci ɗaya. Wannan yanayin yana saita yankin lokacin bazara dangane da yankin lokacin da aka saita a halin yanzu. Don tantance lokacin da ya yi daidai da lokacin gida lokacin da lokacin bazara ke aiki, dole ne ku nuna adadin mintuna yankin lokacin bazara ɗinku ya bambanta daga yankin lokacinku na yau da kullun.

◆ Kayyade – Matsalolin lokacin bazara daga yankin lokaci na yau da kullun, cikin mintuna.
(Kewayon: 1-120 mintuna)
◆ Daga - Lokacin farawa don lokacin rani-lokacin biya.
◆ Zuwa - Ƙarshen lokacin don lokacin rani-lokacin biya.

Yanayin Maimaitawa - Yana saita farawa, ƙare, da lokacin rani don sauyawa akan maimaitawa. Wannan yanayin yana saita yankin lokacin bazara dangane da yankin lokacin da aka saita a halin yanzu. Don tantance lokacin da ya yi daidai da lokacin gida lokacin da lokacin bazara ke aiki, dole ne ku nuna adadin mintuna yankin lokacin bazara ɗinku ya bambanta daga yankin lokacinku na yau da kullun.

◆ Kayyade – Matsalolin lokacin bazara daga yankin lokaci na yau da kullun, cikin mintuna. (Kewayon: 1-120 mintuna)
◆ Daga - Lokacin farawa don lokacin rani-lokacin biya.
◆ Zuwa - Ƙarshen lokacin don lokacin rani-lokacin biya.

Web Interface

Don tantance saitunan lokacin bazara:

1. Danna SNTP, Lokacin bazara.
2. Zaɓi ɗayan hanyoyin daidaitawa, saita halayen da suka dace, ba da damar matsayin lokacin bazara.
3. Danna Aiwatar.

Ana saita tashar tashar Console

Yi amfani da Tsarin> Menu na Console don saita sigogin haɗin kai don tashar tashar wasan bidiyo ta sauya. Kuna iya samun dama ga shirin daidaitawar kan jirgin ta hanyar haɗa na'urar da ta dace da VT100 zuwa tashar tashar wasan bidiyo ta siriyal. Ana sarrafa samun damar gudanarwa ta tashar na'ura wasan bidiyo ta sigogi daban-daban, gami da kalmar sirri (wanda za'a iya daidaita shi kawai ta hanyar CLI), ficewar lokaci, da saitunan sadarwa na asali. Lura cewa ana iya daidaita waɗannan sigogi ta hanyar web ko CLI interface.

Siga

Ana nuna sigogi masu zuwa:

◆Login Login - Yana saita tazarar da tsarin ke jira mai amfani don shiga cikin CLI. Idan ba a gano yunƙurin shiga ba a cikin tazarar lokacin ƙarewa, haɗin yana ƙare don zaman. (Range: 10-300 seconds; Default: 300 seconds)
◆ Exec Timeout - Yana saita tazarar da tsarin ke jira har sai an gano shigarwar mai amfani. Idan ba a gano shigarwar mai amfani ba a cikin tazarar lokacin ƙarewa, an ƙare zaman na yanzu. (Range: 60-65535 seconds; Default: 600 seconds)
◆ Ƙaddamar da kalmar wucewa – Yana saita ƙofar kutsawa kalmar sirri, wanda ke iyakance adadin yunƙurin tambura. Lokacin da aka kai bakin ƙoƙarin shiga, tsarin mu'amalar tsarin zai yi shuru don ƙayyadadden adadin lokaci (wanda aka saita ta ma'aunin lokacin shiru) kafin barin ƙoƙarin shiga na gaba. (Range: 1-120; Default: 3 yunkurin)
◆ Lokacin shiru - Yana saita adadin lokacin da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ba ta isa ba bayan an wuce adadin yunƙurin tambarin da bai yi nasara ba. (Range: 1-65535 seconds; Default: Disabled)
◆ Data Bits - Yana saita adadin raƙuman bayanai akan kowane hali waɗanda tashar tashar wasan bidiyo ta fassara da samarwa. Idan ana samar da daidaito, saka bayanai guda 7 akan kowane hali. Idan ba'a buƙatar daidaito ba, saka bayanai guda 8 akan kowane hali. (Default: 8 bits)
◆ Tsaida Bits - Yana saita adadin raƙuman tsayawa da ake watsa kowace byte. (Range: 1-2; Default: 1 tasha bit)
◆ Bambance-bambance - Yana ma'anar ƙarni na daidaici bit. Ka'idojin sadarwa da wasu tashoshi ke bayarwa na iya buƙatar takamaiman saitin bit na daidaici. Ƙayyade Ko da, Ban sani ba, ko Babu. (Tsohon: Babu)
◆ Gudun - Yana saita ƙimar baud na tashar tashar don aikawa (zuwa tasha) da karɓa (daga tasha). Saita saurin don dacewa da ƙimar baud na na'urar da aka haɗa zuwa tashar tashar jiragen ruwa. (Range: 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, ko 115200 baud; Default: 115200 baud)

Saitunan Teburin adireshi

Sauyawa tana adana adiresoshin don duk sanannun na'urori. Ana amfani da wannan bayanin don ƙaddamar da zirga-zirga kai tsaye tsakanin tashar jiragen ruwa masu shigowa da waje. Duk adiresoshin da aka koya ta hanyar sa ido kan zirga-zirga ana adana su a cikin tebirin adireshi mai ƙarfi. Hakanan zaka iya saita adiresoshin tsaye waɗanda ke daure zuwa takamaiman tashar jiragen ruwa da hannu.

Wannan babin yana bayyana batutuwa masu zuwa:

◆ Cache adireshi mai ƙarfi - Yana Nuna shigarwar abubuwa masu ƙarfi a cikin teburin adireshi.
◆ Adireshin Lokacin Tsufa - Yana saita lokaci don shigarwar da aka koya mai ƙarfi.
◆ Koyon Adireshin MAC - Yana ba da damar ko hana koyan adireshi akan hanyar sadarwa.
◆ adiresoshin MAC masu tsayuwa - Yana saita madaidaicin shigarwa cikin teburin adireshi.
◆ MAC Sanarwa Tarko - Ba da tarko lokacin da aka ƙara ko cire adireshin MAC mai ƙarfi.

Nuna Teburin adireshi mai ƙarfi

Yi amfani da shafin MAC Adireshin> Dynamic (Show Dynamic MAC) shafi don nuna adiresoshin MAC da aka koya ta hanyar sa ido kan adireshin tushen don zirga-zirgar shiga maɓalli.
Lokacin da aka sami adireshin inda aka nufa don zirga-zirgar shigowa a cikin ma'ajin bayanai, fakitin da aka yi niyya don wannan adireshin ana tura su kai tsaye zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa mai alaƙa. In ba haka ba, zirga-zirgar ababen hawa sun mamaye dukkan tashoshin jiragen ruwa.

Siga

Ana nuna waɗannan sigogi:

◆ Tsarin Maɓalli - Kuna iya tsara bayanan da aka nuna akan adireshin MAC, VLAN ko dubawa (tashar ruwa ko akwati).
◆ MAC Adireshin - Adireshin jiki da ke hade da wannan dubawa.
◆ VLAN - ID na VLAN da aka saita (1-4094).
◆ Interface - Yana nuna tashar jiragen ruwa ko akwati.
◆ Nau'in - Yana nuna cewa an koyi abubuwan da ke cikin wannan tebur.
(Dabi'u: Koyi ko Tsaro, na ƙarshe yana nuna Tsaron Port)
◆ Lokacin Rayuwa - Yana nuna lokacin don riƙe da ƙayyadadden adireshin

Web Interface

Don nuna tebirin adireshi mai ƙarfi:

1. Danna MAC Adireshin, Dynamic.
2. Zaɓi Show Dynamic MAC daga Action list.
3. Zaɓi Maɓallin Tsarin (MAC Address, VLAN, ko Interface).
4. Shigar da sigogin bincike (Adireshin MAC, VLAN, ko Interface).
5. Danna Tambaya.

Bayanin lasisi

Wannan samfurin ya ƙunshi software na ɓangare na uku mai haƙƙin mallaka wanda ke ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan lasisin GNU Janar Jama'a (GPL), GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), ko wasu lasisin software na kyauta masu alaƙa.
Ana rarraba lambar GPL da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin wannan samfurin BA TARE DA WANI WARRANTI ba kuma tana ƙarƙashin haƙƙin mallaka na ɗaya ko fiye da mawallafa. Don cikakkun bayanai, koma zuwa sashin "Lasisi na Jama'a na GNU" da ke ƙasa, ko koma zuwa lasisin da ya dace kamar yadda aka haɗa a cikin rumbun ajiyar lambar tushe.

Lasisin Jama'a na GNU

LASIN JAMA'A GNU
Juni 2, 1991
Hakkin mallaka (C) 1989, 1991 Asusun Kyauta na Kyauta, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 Amurka
An ba kowa izinin kwafa da rarraba kwafin wannan takardar lasisin a zahiri, amma ba a yarda da canza ta ba.

Preamble

An tsara lasisi don yawancin software don cire yancin ku don raba da canza ta. Sabanin haka, GNU General Public License an yi niyya ne don ba da garantin yancin ku don rabawa da canza software kyauta – don tabbatar da cewa software ɗin kyauta ce ga duk masu amfani da ita. Wannan Babban Lasisin Jama'a ya shafi galibin software na Gidauniyar Kyautar Kyauta da duk wani shiri wanda marubutansa suka yi niyyar amfani da su. (Wasu software na Gidauniyar Kyauta ta GNU General Public License ta rufe su a maimakon haka.) Hakanan zaka iya amfani da shi a cikin shirye-shiryen ku.

Lokacin da muke magana akan software na kyauta, muna magana ne akan 'yanci, ba farashi ba. An tsara lasisin mu na Jama'a don tabbatar da cewa kuna da 'yancin rarraba kwafin software na kyauta (da cajin wannan sabis ɗin idan kuna so), don karɓar lambar tushe ko za ku iya samun ta idan kuna so, za ku iya canza canjin. software ko amfani da guntuwar sa a cikin sabbin shirye-shirye na kyauta; da kuma cewa ka san za ka iya yin waɗannan abubuwa.

Don kare haƙƙin ku, muna buƙatar yin ƙuntatawa waɗanda ke hana kowa ya hana ku waɗannan haƙƙoƙin ko neman ku ba da haƙƙin. Waɗannan hane-hane suna fassara zuwa wasu nauyi a gare ku idan kun rarraba kwafin software, ko kuma idan kun canza ta. Domin misaliample, idan kun rarraba kwafin irin wannan shirin, ko kyauta ko kuma akan kuɗi, dole ne ku baiwa masu karɓa duk haƙƙoƙin da kuke da su. Dole ne ku tabbatar da cewa su ma, sun karɓa ko za su iya samun lambar tushe. Kuma dole ne ka nuna musu waɗannan sharuɗɗan don su san haƙƙinsu.

Muna kare haƙƙin ku da matakai biyu: (1) haƙƙin mallaka na software, da (2) ba ku wannan lasisin wanda ke ba ku izinin doka don kwafi, rarrabawa da/ko gyara software. Har ila yau, don kariyar kowane marubuci da namu, muna so mu tabbatar da cewa kowa ya fahimci cewa babu wani garanti na wannan software na kyauta. Idan software ɗin wani ne ya canza shi kuma ya ba da shi, muna son masu karɓar ta su sani cewa abin da suke da shi ba shine asalinsu ba, ta yadda duk wata matsala da wasu suka kawo ba za ta yi la'akari da sunan asalin marubutan ba.

A ƙarshe, duk wani shiri na kyauta ana yin barazana ta koyaushe ta hanyar haƙƙin mallaka na software. Muna so mu guje wa haɗarin cewa masu sake rarraba shirin kyauta za su sami lasisin haƙƙin mallaka daban-daban, ta yadda za su mayar da shirin na mallakar mallaka. Don hana wannan, mun bayyana a sarari cewa duk wani haƙƙin mallaka dole ne a ba shi lasisi don amfanin kowa da kowa kyauta ko kuma ba a bashi lasisi ba. Madaidaicin sharuɗɗa da sharuɗɗa don kwafi, rarrabawa da gyara suna bi.

GNU JANAR JAMA'AR LASIN JAMA'A DA SHARADI DON KWAFI, RABAWA DA gyaggyarawa.

1. Wannan lasisin ya shafi kowane shiri ko wani aiki wanda ya ƙunshi sanarwa da mai haƙƙin mallaka ya sanya yana mai cewa za a iya rarraba shi ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan wannan lasisin Jama'a. “Shirin”, da ke ƙasa, yana nufin kowane irin shirin ko aiki, kuma “aikin da ke kan Shirin” na nufin ko dai Shirin ko wani aiki na asali a ƙarƙashin dokar haƙƙin mallaka: wato aikin da ke ƙunshe da Shirin ko wani ɓangare na shi, ko dai na magana ko tare da gyare -gyare da/ko aka fassara zuwa wani yare. (Bayan haka, an haɗa fassarar ba tare da iyakancewa ba a cikin kalmar “gyara”.) Ana kiran kowane mai lasisi a matsayin “ku”. Ayyuka ban da kwafa, rarrabawa da gyare -gyare ba su da wannan lasisin; suna waje da iyakarsa. Ba a taƙaita aikin gudanar da Shirin ba, kuma abin da ke fitowa daga Shirin yana rufe ne kawai idan abin da ke cikinsa ya zama aiki bisa Shirin (ba tare da an yi shi ta gudanar da Shirin ba). Ko hakan gaskiya ne ya dogara da abin da Shirin ke yi.
2. Kuna iya kwafi da rarraba kwafi na ainihin lambar tushe na Shirin yayin da kuke karɓa, a kowace hanya, muddin kun buga a bayyane kuma daidai yadda ya dace akan kowane kwafin sanarwar haƙƙin mallaka da ta dace da garanti; kiyaye duk sanarwar da ke nuni ga wannan Lasisi da rashin kowane garanti; kuma a bai wa duk wani masu karɓar Shirin kwafin wannan Lasisi tare da Shirin. Kuna iya cajin kuɗi don aikin zahiri na canja wurin kwafi, kuma a zaɓinku kuna iya ba da kariya ta garanti don musanya kuɗi.
3. Kuna iya canza kwafin ku ko kwafin Shirin ko wani sashi na shi, don haka ƙirƙirar aiki bisa Shirin, kuma kwafa da rarraba irin waɗannan gyare -gyare ko aiki a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan Sashe na 1 a sama, idan har kun sadu da duk waɗannan sharuɗɗa:
a) Dole ne ku haifar da gyara files don ɗaukar fitattun sanarwar da ke nuna cewa kun canza files da ranar kowane canji.
b) Dole ne ku sanya duk wani aiki da kuka rarraba ko bugawa, wanda gaba ɗaya ko ɗaya ya ƙunshi ko aka samo shi daga Shirin ko wani sashi nasa, a ba ku lasisi gaba ɗaya ba tare da cajin kowane ɓangare na uku a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan lasisin ba. .
c) Idan shirin da aka gyara ya saba karanta umarni a cikin hulɗa lokacin da ake aiki, dole ne ku sanya shi, lokacin da aka fara aiki don irin wannan amfani ta hanyar da ta fi dacewa, don buga ko nuna sanarwa gami da sanarwar haƙƙin mallaka da ta dace da sanarwa cewa babu garanti. (ko kuma, cewa kun bayar da garanti) kuma masu amfani na iya sake rarraba shirin a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan, da gaya wa mai amfani yadda ake view kwafin wannan Lasisi.
( Banda: idan Shirin da kansa yana hulɗa amma ba ya buga irin wannan sanarwa ba, aikin ku bisa tsarin ba a buƙatar buga sanarwar ba.) Waɗannan buƙatun sun shafi aikin da aka gyara gaba ɗaya. Idan sassan wannan aikin ba su samo asali daga Shirin ba, kuma ana iya ɗaukar su da hankali masu zaman kansu da ayyuka daban-daban a cikin kansu, to wannan Lasisi, da sharuɗɗan sa, ba za su shafi waɗannan sassan ba lokacin da kuke rarraba su azaman ayyuka daban-daban. Amma lokacin da kuka rarraba sassan guda ɗaya a matsayin wani ɓangare na gaba ɗaya wanda yake aiki ne akan Shirin, rarraba gaba ɗaya dole ne ya kasance akan sharuɗɗan wannan Lasisi, wanda izini ga sauran masu lasisi ya mamaye gabaɗaya, don haka ga kowane bangare ba tare da la’akari da wanda ya rubuta ba. Don haka, ba manufar wannan sashe ba ne don neman haƙƙoƙin ko hamayya da haƙƙin ku na yin aiki gaba ɗaya da ku ya rubuta; a maimakon haka, manufar ita ce yin amfani da haƙƙin sarrafa rarraba abubuwan da aka samo asali ko na gama gari dangane da Shirin.
Bugu da kari, kawai tara wani aikin da ba ya dogara da Shirin tare da Shirin (ko tare da aikin da aka danganta da Shirin) akan adadin ma'aji ko rarrabawa ba ya kawo sauran aikin ƙarƙashin ikon wannan Lasisi.
4. Kuna iya kwafa da rarraba Shirin (ko aikin da ya dogara da shi, ƙarƙashin Sashe na 2) a cikin lambar abu ko tsarin aiwatarwa a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan Sashe na 1 da 2 na sama idan har kun aikata ɗaya daga cikin masu zuwa:
a). Hana shi tare da cikakkiyar madaidaicin lambar tushe mai karanta na'ura, wacce dole ne a rarraba ta ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan Sashe na 1 da na 2 na sama akan matsakaicin da aka saba amfani da su don musayar software; ko,
b) Bi shi tare da tayin da aka rubuta, mai aiki aƙalla shekaru uku, don ba kowane ɓangare na uku, don cajin da bai wuce kuɗin aikin rarraba tushen tushen ku ba, cikakken kwafin lambar tushe mai dacewa da injin, don zama. rarraba ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan Sashe na 1 da na 2 na sama akan matsakaicin da aka saba amfani da shi don musayar software; ko,
c) Bi shi tare da bayanan da kuka karɓa dangane da tayin don rarraba lambar tushe daidai. (An ba da izinin wannan madadin kawai don rarrabawar kasuwanci kuma kawai idan kun karɓi shirin a cikin lambar abu ko sigar aiwatarwa tare da irin wannan tayin, daidai da sashe na b na sama.)
Lambar tushe don aiki tana nufin nau'in aikin da aka fi so don yin gyare-gyare gare shi. Don aikin da za a iya aiwatarwa, cikakkiyar lambar tushe tana nufin duk lambar tushe don duk kayan aikin da ya ƙunshi, da kowane ma'anar keɓancewa mai alaƙa. files, da rubutun da aka yi amfani da su don sarrafa haɗawa da shigar da abin aiwatarwa. Koyaya, azaman keɓance na musamman, lambar tushe da aka rarraba baya buƙatar haɗawa da duk wani abu da aka saba rarrabawa (a kowane tushe ko nau'in binary) tare da manyan abubuwan haɗin (compiler, kernel, da sauransu) na tsarin aiki wanda mai aiwatarwa ke gudana. sai dai idan wannan bangaren da kansa ya bi mai aiwatarwa. Idan an yi rarraba lambar aiwatarwa ko lambar abu ta hanyar ba da damar yin kwafi daga wurin da aka keɓance, sannan bayar da daidai damar kwafin lambar tushe daga wuri ɗaya yana ƙidaya matsayin rarraba lambar tushe, kodayake ba a tilasta wa wasu ɓangarorin uku yin kwafin lambar tushe ba. tushen tare da lambar abu.
5. Ba za ku iya kwafa, gyara, lasisin lasisi, ko rarraba Shirin ba sai dai wanda aka bayar a ƙarƙashin wannan Lasisin. Duk wani yunƙurin in ba haka ba don kwafa, gyara, lasisin lasisi ko rarraba Shirin ba shi da amfani, kuma zai ƙare haƙƙin ku ta atomatik ƙarƙashin wannan Lasisin. Koyaya, ɓangarorin da suka karɓi kwafi, ko haƙƙoƙi, daga gare ku ƙarƙashin wannan Lasisin ba za su ƙare lasisi ɗin su ba muddin irin waɗannan ɓangarorin sun ci gaba da kasancewa cikin cikakken biyayya.
6. Ba a buƙatar ku karɓi wannan Lasisi, tunda ba ku sa hannu ba. Koyaya, babu wani abin da ke ba ku izinin gyara ko rarraba Shirin ko ayyukansa na asali. Dokoki sun hana waɗannan ayyukan idan ba ku karɓi wannan Lasisin ba. Don haka, ta hanyar gyara ko rarraba Shirin (ko kowane aiki bisa Shirin), kuna nuna yarda da wannan lasisin don yin hakan, da duk sharuɗɗan da sharuɗɗan yin kwafi, rarrabawa ko gyaggyara Shirin ko ayyukan da suka dogara da shi.
7. Duk lokacin da kuka sake rarraba Shirin (ko wani aiki bisa Shirin), mai karɓa zai karɓi lasisi ta atomatik daga mai ba da lasisin na asali don kwafa, rarraba ko gyara Shirin ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗa da ƙa'idodi. Ba za ku iya ƙara ƙarin ƙuntatawa ba a kan aikin masu karɓa na haƙƙin da aka bayar a ciki. Ba ku da alhakin tilasta bin doka ta wasu na uku zuwa wannan Lasisin.
8. Idan, sakamakon hukuncin kotu ko zargin keta hakkin mallaka ko don wani dalili (ba a iyakance ga lamuran patent ba), an sanya muku sharudda (ko ta umarnin kotu, yarjejeniya ko akasin haka) wanda ya saɓa wa sharuddan wannan Lasisi, ba sa ba ku uzuri daga sharuɗɗan wannan lasisin. Idan ba za ku iya rarrabawa ba don gamsar da wajibai a lokaci guda a ƙarƙashin wannan Lasisi da duk wasu wajibai masu dacewa, to a sakamakon haka ba za ku iya rarraba Shirin ba kwata -kwata. Don tsohonampto, idan lasisin haƙƙin mallaka ba zai ba da izinin sake rarraba shirin kyauta ta duk waɗanda suka karɓi kwafin kai tsaye ko a kaikaice ta hanyar ku ba, to hanya ɗaya tilo da za ku iya gamsar da ita da wannan Lasisi ita ce ku daina rarraba shirin gaba ɗaya. Idan wani yanki na wannan sashe ya kasance mara inganci ko kuma ba a aiwatar da shi a ƙarƙashin kowane yanayi na musamman, ana nufin ma'auni na sashin don amfani kuma sashin gaba ɗaya ana nufin yin amfani da shi a wasu yanayi.
Ba manufar wannan sashe ba ce don jawo hankalin ku zuwa ƙeta kowane haƙƙin mallaka ko wasu da'awar haƙƙin mallaka ko yin hamayya da ingancin kowane irin wannan ikirarin; wannan sashe yana da manufar kare mutuncin tsarin rarraba software kyauta, wanda ake aiwatar da ayyukan lasisin jama'a. Mutane da yawa sun ba da gudummawa mai karimci ga ɗimbin software da aka rarraba ta wannan tsarin bisa dogaro da daidaiton aikace-aikacen wannan tsarin; ya rage ga marubucin/mai bayarwa don yanke shawara ko shi ko ita a shirye suke don rarraba software ta kowane tsarin kuma mai lasisi ba zai iya ƙaddamar da wannan zaɓin ba. Wannan sashe an yi niyya ne don bayyana cikakken abin da aka yi imani da shi sakamakon sauran wannan Lasisi.
9. Idan an taƙaita rarrabawa da/ko amfani da Shirin a wasu ƙasashe ko dai ta hanyar haƙƙin mallaka ko ta hanyoyin musaya, mai riƙe da haƙƙin mallaka na ainihi wanda ya sanya Shirin a ƙarƙashin wannan Lasisi na iya ƙara iyakance iyakokin rarraba yanki ban da waɗannan ƙasashe, don haka rarraba An halatta ne kawai a cikin ko tsakanin ƙasashen da ba'a cire su ba. A irin wannan yanayin, wannan lasisin ya haɗa da iyakance kamar an rubuta a jikin wannan lasisin.
10. Gidauniyar Software ta Kyauta na iya buga bita da/ko sabbin nau'ikan Lasisin Jama'a daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Irin waɗannan sabbin nau'ikan za su yi kama da ruhi da sigar yanzu, amma na iya bambanta dalla-dalla don magance sabbin matsaloli ko damuwa. Ana ba kowace siga lambar sigar da ta bambanta. Idan Shirin ya ƙididdige sigar lambar wannan lasisin da ya shafi ta da kuma “kowane sigar baya”, kuna da zaɓi na bin sharuɗɗan ko dai na waccan sigar ko na kowane sigar da Gidauniyar Software ta Kyauta ta buga. Idan shirin bai fayyace adadin sigar wannan Lasisin ba, zaku iya zaɓar kowane nau'in da Gidauniyar Software ta Kyauta ta taɓa bugawa.
11. Idan kuna son haɗa sassan Shirin cikin wasu shirye -shiryen kyauta waɗanda yanayin rarraba su ya bambanta, rubuta wa marubucin don neman izini. Don software wacce ke da haƙƙin mallaka ta Gidauniyar Software ta Kyauta, rubuta zuwa Gidauniyar Software Kyauta; wani lokacin muna yin keɓancewa don wannan. Manufofinmu guda biyu za su jagoranci ƙudurinmu na kiyaye matsayin 'yanci na duk abubuwan da suka samo asali na software na kyauta da haɓaka rabawa da sake amfani da software gabaɗaya.

BABU WARRANTI

1. SABODA SHIRIN SHIGA LICENS NE KYAUTA, BABU GARANTI GA SHIRIN, ZUWA GARIN DA DOKA M YA YI. SAI LOKACIN SAURAN BAYANI A RUBUCE MASU HANKALI DA/KO SAURAN JAM'IYYA SUNA BADA SHIRIN "KAMAR YADDA" BA TARE DA GARANTIN KOWANE IRINSA, KO YA BAYYANA KO AIKI, YA HADA, AMMA BA IYAKAI BA, GASKIYA MAI HALITTU MAI HALITTU MAI GASKIYA . HUKUNCIN DA KE CIKI DA KYAU DA AIKIN SHIRIN YANA TARE DA KU. YA KAMATA SHIRIN YA TABBATAR DA MUMMUNAN HANKALI, KUNA DAUKAR KUDIN DUKKAN HIDIMAR, GYARA KO GYARA.
2. A CIKIN SAUKI SAI DOKAR M TAKE NEMA KO TA YARDA A RUBUTA KOWANE MAI KYAUTA, KO KOWANE JAM'IYYAR DA ZA TA GYARA DA/KO RIBATAR DA SHIRIN DA AKA SAMU A BAYI, A ZAMA ABIN DA ZAI BAKI DAMALI, INC. ILLOLIN DA AKE FARUWA KO RARRABAWA DAGA CIKIN AMFANI KO RASHIN AMFANI DA SHIRIN (YA HADA AMMA BA IYAKE DA RASHIN DATA KO DATA DA AKA SAMU MASU RASHIN KYAU KO RASHIN DA AKA SAMU DA KAI KO KASHI NA BIYU SABUWAR WANNAN BABBAN SHARRIN AIKI KO RASHIN AIKI DA BABU WATA SABUWAR WANNAN BABBAN SABODA WANNAN SAMUWAR WANNAN BABBAN SABODA WANNAN MATSAYI KO RASHIN KASA KASHI DA KASHI NA BIYU , KO DA IRIN WANNAN MALAMI KO SAURAN JAM'IYYA AKAN SHAWARA DA YIWUWAR IRIN IRIN WANNAN LALATA.

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