Victron Energy System Wiring Diagram and Component Overview

System Architecture

This document outlines a comprehensive power system designed by Victron Energy, integrating various components for efficient energy management, storage, and distribution. The diagram illustrates the interconnections between battery management, solar charging, AC power conversion, and system monitoring.

Core System Components

VE.Bus BMS NG

The VE.Bus BMS NG serves as the primary Battery Management System for the lithium battery bank. It communicates with other Victron components via the VE.Bus protocol. Key features include:

Communication: Connects via VE.Bus to Cerbo GX and MultiPlus.
Power Input: Receives system power.
Signals: Manages pre-alarm, load disconnect, and charge disconnect signals.
Grounding: Features no direct BMS negative connection to prevent ground loops; ground is established through the VE.Bus UTP cable.

Cerbo GX

The Cerbo GX acts as the central hub for system monitoring and control. It integrates data from various sources and provides a unified interface.

Connectivity:
- VE.Bus connection to VE.Bus BMS NG.
- VE.Direct connections to SmartSolar MPPT and BMV-712 Smart.
- Ethernet port for network connectivity (e.g., VRM Portal).
- Connection to GX Touch 50 display.

GX Touch 50

A user-friendly touch screen display that connects to the Cerbo GX, providing local monitoring and configuration capabilities for the entire system.

MultiPlus 1600VA/12V DC/230V AC Inverter/Charger

This unit converts DC battery power to 230V AC and can also charge batteries from an AC source. It is a key component for providing AC power to loads.

Functionality: Inverter, charger, and PowerAssist capabilities.
VE.Bus Communication: Connects to VE.Bus BMS NG and Cerbo GX.
DC Connection: Connects to the main DC positive and negative busbars.
AC Connection: Feeds the AC distribution panel.
PowerAssist: Can supplement output power by 1.3 kW.

Orion-Tr Smart 12/12-30 DC/DC Charger

This non-isolated DC/DC charger is used to charge the starter battery from the main DC system or alternator.

Function: Charges the 12V starter battery.
Connections: Links to the starter battery and the alternator system (via starter positive and ignition).
Control: Features a charge relay (K1).

Energy Storage

Lithium Battery Bank

The primary energy storage consists of two Victron Energy NG-LiFePO4 12.8V-150Ah lithium batteries connected in parallel. These provide high capacity and efficient energy storage.

Connection: Positive terminals to the main DC positive busbar; negative terminals pass through the BMV shunt to the central negative busbar.
Cable Management: Emphasis is placed on keeping positive and negative battery cables of equal length for optimal performance.

Starter Battery

A standard 12V-100Ah battery is used for starting the engine and powering essential vehicle electronics.

Connections: Linked to the Orion-Tr Smart DC/DC charger and the vehicle's alternator.

Charging and Monitoring Systems

SmartSolar Charge Controller MPPT 100/30

This solar charge controller efficiently converts solar energy into usable power for the battery bank.

Function: Maximizes solar energy harvest.
PV Connection: Connects to the PV Array via a PV Breaker and Isolator.
Battery Connection: Connects to the main DC busbars.
System Integration: Communicates with the Cerbo GX via VE.Direct.

BMV-712 Smart Battery Monitor

Provides detailed monitoring of the battery bank's state of charge, voltage, current, and power.

Shunt: Mounted directly on the central negative busbar for accurate current measurement.
System Integration: Connects to the Cerbo GX via VE.Direct.
Ancillary Connections: Includes connections for pre-alarm and auxiliary power.

Smart BatteryProtect 220

This device protects DC loads from over-discharge by disconnecting them when the battery voltage falls below a safe level.

Function: Load disconnection based on battery voltage.
Connections: Placed between the DC distribution and loads, with connections for pre-alarm and auxiliary power.

Power Distribution and Protection

DC Distribution

The DC distribution system includes a main positive busbar and a central negative busbar, facilitating the connection of various components and providing protection.

Busbars: Main Positive Busbar and Central Negative Busbar.
Protection Devices: Features fuses such as ANL, MEGA, and Class-T (e.g., 175A), as well as thermal circuit breakers (e.g., 40A, 60A).
Circuit Connections: Dedicated connections for BMS (2A fuse), BMV (1A fuse), MPPT, loads, and battery banks.

AC Distribution

The AC distribution panel manages AC power from the Multiplus and shore power.

Protection: Equipped with MCB/RCD units for safety.
Loads: Includes circuits for 'No Break load-1' and 'No Break load-2', and a 'Small Geyser'.
Shore Power: Features a 230V Shore Power Connection, with a recommendation for an Isolation Transformer or Galvanic Isolator.

Main Switches

Three main switches (Main Switch-1, Main Switch-2, Main Switch-3) are incorporated to isolate major DC circuits for maintenance or safety.

VE.Bus Mains Detector

This unit, integrated within the AC distribution box, detects the presence of AC mains power and communicates this status to the VE.Bus BMS NG.

Engine System Integration

Alternator

A 12V-80A Alternator is part of the engine system, providing charging current to the starter battery and potentially the main DC system via the Orion-Tr Smart charger.

Connections: Linked to the starter motor and the Orion-Tr Smart DC/DC charger.

Important Notes and Warnings

Cable Management

Critical Note: "KEEP POSITIVE BATTERY CABLES ALL AT THE SAME LENGTH !" and "KEEP NEGATIVE BATTERY CABLES ALL AT THE SAME LENGTH !" for the lithium battery bank. This ensures balanced charging and discharging.

Grounding Principles

The primary case ground of inverter/chargers (e.g., Multiplus) must connect to the Central Negative Busbar of the DC system.
When operating in inverter mode, the Neutral output of an inverter/charger must be connected to ground to ensure proper GFCI/RCD functionality.
For split-phase supplies, the Neutral must also be grounded.

230V Safety Warning

WARNING: 230 VOLT IS EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS. DO NOT TOUCH ANY LIVE WIRED PARTS OF THE INSTALLATION! WHEN IN DOUBT, ALWAYS CONSULT YOUR VICTRON DEALER !

MultiPlus Recommendations

AC Output Cable/Breaker Size: Recommended for PowerAssist operation, with an Earth leakage device or combi MCB/RCD on the output. Cable size must be adjusted accordingly.
DC Cable/Fuse Size: Recommendations provided (e.g., 50SQmm for 0-5m cable length, 200A internal fuse size). Cable length is defined as the total distance between battery and Multiplus connections.
AC Input Cable/Breaker Size: AC IN must be protected by a circuit breaker rated at 16A max or less, adjusted based on the connected power source.

	Victron Energy Power System Wiring Diagram: MultiPlus, MPPT, Cerbo GX, and Battery Management Detailed wiring diagram illustrating a Victron Energy power system configuration, featuring MultiPlus inverter/charger, SmartSolar MPPT, Cerbo GX, BMV-712, Smart BatteryProtect, Orion-Tr Smart DC/DC charger, and Lithium LiFePO4 batteries. Includes connection details and system recommendations.
	Victron Energy 12V DC System Wiring Diagram with Solar Charging and Inverter Comprehensive wiring diagram for a 12V Victron Energy DC power system, detailing the integration of solar charging (MPPT 100/50), DC-DC charging (Orion XS 12/12-50A), AC charging (IP43 Smart Charger, Blue Smart Charger), an 800W Inverter, Lithium batteries, and battery monitoring (BMV-712 SMART).
	Victron Energy Van Power System Wiring Diagram Detailed wiring diagram for a Victron Energy power system in a van, featuring a MultiPlus inverter/charger, Smart MPPT charge controller, VE.Bus BMS, Cerbo GX, SmartShunt, Smart BatteryProtect units, and Orion-Tr Smart DC/DC chargers, along with Lithium batteries and a starter battery.
	Victron Energy Power System Diagram and Component Guide A detailed overview and wiring diagram of a Victron Energy power system, featuring MultiPlus-II inverter/charger, Lithium batteries, solar charging, and system monitoring components.
	Victron Energy Power System Wiring Diagram: Lynx Smart BMS, MultiPlus-II, Solar, and Battery Integration Detailed wiring diagram and technical overview of a Victron Energy power system featuring the Lynx Smart BMS NG, MultiPlus-II inverter/charger, SmartSolar MPPT, Orion-XS DC-DC charger, and Lithium NG batteries. Includes system configuration and safety information.
	Victron Energy Power System Wiring Diagram and Component Overview Detailed wiring diagram and system overview for a Victron Energy power system, featuring Quattro inverter/charger, Lynx Smart BMS, Orion XS DC-DC charger, SmartSolar MPPT, and Zeus alternator regulator for RVs and boats.
	Victron Energy Power System Diagram: MultiPlus-II, Lynx BMS, Solar, and Battery Management Detailed wiring diagram and overview of a Victron Energy power system featuring MultiPlus-II inverter/charger, Lynx Smart BMS, SmartSolar MPPT, Orion XS DC-DC charger, Smart BatteryProtect, and Lithium NG batteries for off-grid or backup power applications.
	Victron Energy System Schematic and Component Guide Detailed overview of a Victron Energy power system, illustrating the interconnection of DC and AC power sources, charging systems, monitoring, and control components. Features MultiPlus inverter/charger, VE.Bus BMS, Cerbo GX, BMV-712 Smart, Smart MPPT, Orion-Tr Smart DC-DC chargers, and Smart BatteryProtect.