intel AN 769 FPGA Nesa Zazzabi Sensing Diode
Gabatarwa
A cikin aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani, musamman aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar sarrafa zafin jiki mai mahimmanci, ma'aunin zafin jiki akan guntu yana da mahimmanci.
Tsarukan ayyuka masu girma sun dogara da ingantattun ma'aunin zafin jiki don gida da waje.
- Inganta aiki
- Tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki
- Hana lalacewa ga abubuwan da aka gyara
Tsarin sa ido kan zafin jiki na Intel® FPGA yana ba ku damar amfani da kwakwalwan kwamfuta na ɓangare na uku don lura da yanayin junction (TJ). Wannan tsarin sa ido kan zafin jiki na waje yana aiki ko da lokacin da aka kunna Intel FPGA ko ba a daidaita shi ba. Koyaya, akwai abubuwa da yawa waɗanda dole ne kuyi la'akari da su lokacin da kuke ƙirƙira mu'amala tsakanin guntu na waje da diodes na yanayin zafin nesa na Intel FPGA (TSDs).
Lokacin da kuka zaɓi guntu mai gano zafin jiki, yawanci za ku kalli daidaiton zafin jiki da kuke son cimmawa. Koyaya, tare da sabuwar fasahar tsari da kuma ƙirar TSD daban-daban, dole ne ku kuma yi la'akari da abubuwan ginannun guntu na gano zafin jiki don saduwa da buƙatun ƙirar ƙira.
Ta hanyar fahimtar ayyukan Intel FPGA tsarin auna zafin nesa, zaku iya:
- Gano matsalolin gama gari tare da aikace-aikacen gano zafin jiki.
- Zaɓi guntu mafi dacewa da zafin jiki wanda ya dace da bukatun aikace-aikacenku, farashi, da lokacin ƙira.
Intel yana ba da shawarar sosai cewa ku auna zafin kan-mutu ta amfani da TSD na gida, wanda Intel ya inganta. Intel ba zai iya tabbatar da daidaiton firikwensin zafin jiki na waje a ƙarƙashin yanayin tsarin daban-daban. Idan kuna son amfani da TSDs masu nisa tare da firikwensin zafin jiki na waje, bi jagororin cikin wannan takaddar kuma tabbatar da daidaiton saitin auna zafin ku.
Wannan bayanin kula na aikace-aikacen ya shafi aiwatar da TSD mai nisa don dangin na'urar Intel Stratix® 10 FPGA.
Aiwatar Ƙarsheview
Guntu mai gano zafin jiki na waje yana haɗi zuwa Intel FPGA TSD mai nisa. TSD mai nisa shine transistor mai haɗin PNP ko NPN diode.
- Hoto na 1. Haɗi Tsakanin Chip Sensing Chip da Intel FPGA Remote TSD (NPN Diode)
- Hoto na 2. Haɗi Tsakanin Chip Sensing Chip da Intel FPGA Remote TSD (PNP Diode)
Ma'auni mai zuwa yana samar da zazzabi na transistor dangane da tushe-emitter voltage (VBE).
- Daidaito 1. Dangantaka Tsakanin Zazzabi na Transistor zuwa Base-Emitter Voltage (VBE)
Inda:
- T-Zazzabi a Kelvin
- q—Cajin lantarki (1.60 × 10-19 C)
- VBE-base-emitter voltage
- k-Boltzmann akai-akai (1.38 × 10-23 J∙K-1)
- IC - mai karɓar halin yanzu
- IS — baya da jikewa halin yanzu
- η—abin da ya dace na diode mai nisa
Sake Shirya Equation 1, kuna samun ma'auni mai zuwa.
- Equation 2. VBE
Yawanci, guntu na ganin zafin jiki yana tilasta magudanar ruwa masu inganci guda biyu a jere, I1 da I2 akan fil P da N. Sa'an nan guntu yana aunawa da matsakaicin canjin VBE na diode. Yankin delta a cikin VBE yana daidai da zafin jiki kai tsaye, kamar yadda aka nuna a Equation 3. - Equation 3. Delta a cikin VBE
Inda:
- n-matsayin tilastawa na yanzu
- VBE1-base-emitter voltage da i1
- VBE2-base-emitter voltage da i2
La'akarin Aiwatarwa
Zaɓi guntu na gano zafin jiki tare da abubuwan da suka dace suna ba ku damar haɓaka guntu don cimma daidaiton aunawa. Yi la'akari da batutuwan da ke cikin bayanan da ke da alaƙa lokacin da kuka zaɓi guntu.
- Factor Factor (η-Factor) Rashin daidaituwa
- Kuskuren Resistance Series
- Bambancin Beta Diode
- Bambance-bambancen Input Capacitor
- Rayya Rayya
Factor Factor (η-Factor) Rashin daidaituwa
Lokacin da kuke yin ma'aunin zafin jiki ta hanyar amfani da diode zafin jiki na waje, daidaiton ma'aunin zafin jiki ya dogara da halayen diode na waje. Ma'anar manufa ita ce siga na diode mai nisa wanda ke auna karkacewar diode daga kyakkyawan halayensa.
Yawancin lokaci zaka iya nemo madaidaicin ma'anar a cikin takardar bayanan daga masana'anta diode. Diodes zafin jiki daban-daban na waje suna ba ku ƙima daban-daban saboda ƙira daban-daban da fasahar aiwatar da suke amfani da su.
Rashin daidaituwa na iya haifar da babban kuskuren auna zafin jiki. Don guje wa babban kuskuren, Intel yana ba da shawarar cewa ka zaɓi guntu mai gano zafin jiki wanda ke fasalta madaidaicin manufa. Kuna iya canza ƙimar ƙimar manufa a cikin guntu don kawar da kuskuren rashin daidaituwa.
- Exampshafi na 1. Gudunmawar Mahimmanci ga Kuskuren Auna Zazzabi
Wannan example ya nuna yadda manufa manufa ke ba da gudummawa ga kuskuren auna zafin jiki. A cikin exampHar ila yau, lissafin yana nuna rashin daidaiton manufa yana haifar da kuskuren auna zafin jiki.
- Daidaito 4. Dangantakar Mahimmanci ga Ma'aunin Zazzabi
Inda:
- ηTSC — mahimmin abu na guntu mai gano zafin jiki
- TTSC — zafin jiki karanta ta guntu fahimtar zafin jiki
- ηRTD — madaidaicin ma'anar diode zafin jiki mai nisa
- TRTD-zazzabi a diode zafin jiki mai nisa
Matakai masu zuwa suna kimanta ma'aunin zafin jiki (TTSC) ta guntu mai gano zafin jiki, da aka ba da dabi'u masu zuwa:
- Mahimman mahimmancin firikwensin zafin jiki (ηTSC) shine 1.005
- Madaidaicin madaidaicin diode zafin jiki mai nisa (ηRTD) shine 1.03
- Matsakaicin zafin jiki na diode mai nisa (TRTD) shine 80 ° C
- Maida TRTD na 80°C zuwa Kelvin: 80 + 273.15 = 353.15 K.
- Aiwatar da Equation 4. Zazzabi da aka ƙididdige ta guntu na ganin zafin jiki shine 1.005 × 353.15 = 344.57 K.TTSC = 1.03
- Mayar da ƙimar ƙididdiga zuwa Celsius: TTSC = 344.57 K - 273.15 K = 71.43°C Kuskuren zafin jiki (TE) ya haifar da rashin daidaiton manufa:
TE = 71.43°C – 80.0°C = –8.57°C
Kuskuren Resistance Series
Juriya na jerin akan fil ɗin P da N suna ba da gudummawa ga kuskuren auna zafin jiki.
Juriya na jerin iya zama daga:
- Juriya na ciki na P da N fil na diode zafin jiki.
- Al'amarin juriya, ga misaliample, dogon allo alama.
Juriya jerin yana haifar da ƙarin voltage don sauke a hanyar gano zafin jiki kuma yana haifar da kuskuren ma'auni, yana shafar daidaiton ma'aunin zafin jiki. Yawanci, wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne lokacin da kuke yin ma'aunin zafin jiki tare da guntu 2-yanzu zafin jiki.
Hoto na 3. Juriya na Ciki da Kan-Board
Don bayyana kuskuren zafin jiki da aka samu lokacin da juriyar juriya ta karu, wasu masana'antun sarrafa zafin jiki suna ba da bayanai don kuskuren zazzabi na diode mai nisa tare da juriya.
Koyaya, zaku iya kawar da kuskuren juriya na jerin. Wasu guntu na ganin zafin jiki suna da fasalin soket na juriya na ciki. Siffar sokewar jerin juriya na iya kawar da juriyar juriya daga kewayon ƴan ɗari Ω zuwa kewayon da ya wuce ƴan dubu Ω.
Intel yana ba da shawarar yin la'akari da fasalin sokewar jerin juriya lokacin da kuka zaɓi guntu na gano zafin jiki. Siffar ta atomatik tana kawar da kuskuren zafin jiki ta hanyar juriya na hanya zuwa transistor mai nisa.
Bambancin Beta Diode
Yayin da tsarin fasahar geometries ke ƙara ƙarami, ƙimar Beta(β) na PNP ko NPN yana raguwa.
Yayin da ƙimar beta diode zafin jiki ke raguwa, musamman idan mai tara diode zafin jiki yana ɗaure zuwa ƙasa, ƙimar Beta yana rinjayar rabon yanzu akan Equation 3 akan shafi na 5. Saboda haka, kiyaye daidaitaccen rabo na yanzu yana da mahimmanci.
Wasu guntuwar gano zafin jiki suna da ginanniyar fasalin ramuwar Beta. Bambancin Beta na kewayawa yana fahimtar tushen halin yanzu kuma yana daidaita emitter halin yanzu don rama bambancin. Diyya ta Beta tana kiyaye rabon mai tarawa na yanzu.
Hoto na 4. Intel Stratix 10 Core Fabric Temperature Diode tare da Maxim Integrated*'s MAX31730 Beta Compensation An kunna
Wannan adadi yana nuna cewa an sami daidaiton ma'aunin tare da kunna beta diyya. An ɗauki ma'auni yayin yanayin rashin wutar lantarki na FPGA - ana tsammanin saiti da ma'aunin zafin jiki zai kasance kusa.
| 0 C | 50 C | 100 C | |
| Kashe Diyya Beta | 25.0625 C | 70.1875 C | 116.5625 C |
| Diyya Beta Kunna | -0.6875C | 49.4375 C | 101.875 C |
Bambance-bambancen Input Capacitor
Capacitor (CF) akan P da N fil yana aiki kamar matattara mai ƙarancin wucewa wanda ke taimakawa don tace hayaniyar mitar mai girma da haɓaka tsangwama na lantarki (EMI).
Dole ne ku yi hankali yayin zaɓin capacitor saboda babban ƙarfin na iya shafar lokacin tashi na tushen da aka canza kuma ya gabatar da babban kuskuren auna. Yawanci, masana'anta na gano zafin jiki suna ba da ƙimar ƙarfin ƙarfin da aka ba da shawarar a cikin takardar bayanan su. Koma zuwa jagororin ƙira na masana'anta capacitor ko shawarwarin kafin ku yanke shawarar ƙimar ƙarfin.
Hoto na 5. Ƙarfin shigar da Bambanci
Rayya Rayya
Abubuwa da yawa na iya ba da gudummawa a lokaci guda zuwa kuskuren auna. Wani lokaci, yin amfani da hanyar diyya guda ɗaya maiyuwa ba zai iya warware matsalar ba. Wata hanyar da za a warware kuskuren auna ita ce yin amfani da diyya.
Lura: Intel yana ba da shawarar cewa kayi amfani da guntu na gano zafin jiki tare da ginanniyar diyya. Idan guntu mai gano zafin jiki baya goyan bayan fasalin, zaku iya amfani da diyya yayin aiki ta hanyar dabaru na al'ada ko software.
Matsakaicin ramuwa yana canza ƙimar rijistar kashewa daga guntu mai gano zafin jiki don kawar da kuskuren ƙididdigewa. Don amfani da wannan fasalin, dole ne ku yi ma'aunin zafin jikifile yi nazari da gano ƙimar da za a yi amfani da su.
Dole ne ku tattara ma'aunin zafin jiki a cikin kewayon zafin da ake so tare da saitunan tsoho na guntu mai gano zafin jiki. Bayan haka, yi nazarin bayanai kamar yadda yake a cikin exampdon ƙayyade ƙimar biya don amfani. Intel yana ba da shawarar gwada kwakwalwan gano zafin jiki da yawa tare da diode zafin jiki da yawa don tabbatar da cewa kun rufe bambance-bambancen bangare-zuwa-bangare. Sannan, yi amfani da matsakaicin ma'auni a cikin bincike don tantance saitunan da za a yi amfani da su.
Kuna iya zaɓar wuraren zafin jiki don gwadawa bisa yanayin aikin tsarin ku.
Equation 5. Factor Offset
Exampku 2. Aikace-aikacen Diyya A cikin wannan tsohonample, an tattara saitin ma'aunin zafin jiki tare da maki zazzabi uku. Aiwatar da ma'auni 5 zuwa ƙimar kuma ƙididdige abin da aka kashe.
Tebur 1. Bayanan da Aka Tattara Kafin Aiwatar da Diyya
| Saita Zazzabi | Auna Zazzabi | ||
| 100°C | 373.15 K | 111.06°C | 384.21 K |
| 50°C | 323.15 K | 61.38°C | 334.53 K |
| 0°C | 273.15 K | 11.31°C | 284.46 K |
Yi amfani da tsakiyar wurin kewayon zafin jiki don ƙididdige yawan zafin jiki. A cikin wannan example, tsakiyar batu shine 50°C saita zafin jiki.
Zazzagewa mara kyau
- = Matsalolin kashewa × (Ana auna zafin jiki-Saita zafin jiki)
- = 0.9975 × (334.53 - 323.15)
- = 11.35
Aiwatar da ƙimar zafin da aka kashe da sauran abubuwan diyya, idan an buƙata, cikin guntu na ganin zafin jiki kuma sake ɗaukar awo.
Tebur 2. Bayanan da Aka Tattara Bayan Aiwatar da Diyya
| Saita Zazzabi | Auna Zazzabi | Kuskure |
| 100°C | 101.06°C | 1.06°C |
| 50°C | 50.13°C | 0.13°C |
| 0°C | 0.25°C | 0.25°C |
Bayanai masu alaƙa
Sakamakon kimantawa
Yana ba da review na sakamakon kimantawa na hanyar biyan diyya tare da Maxim Integrated* da Texas Instruments* kwakwalwan jin zafi.
Sakamakon kimantawa
A cikin kimantawa, Maxim Integrated*'s MAX31730 da Texas Instruments*'s TMP468 kits kimantawa an canza su don yin mu'amala tare da diodes zafin jiki mai nisa na tubalan da yawa a cikin Intel FPGA.
Tebur 3. Tubalan da aka kimanta da Samfuran allo
| Toshe | Hukumar Ƙimar Chip Sensing Temperate | |
| Texas Instruments TMP468 | Mai Rarraba Maxim Integrate d's MAX31730 | |
| Intel Stratix 10 core masana'anta | Ee | Ee |
| H-tile ko L-tile | Ee | Ee |
| E-tile | Ee | Ee |
| P-tile | Ee | Ee |
Alkaluman da ke gaba suna nuna saitin kwamitin Intel FPGA tare da allunan kimantawa na Maxim Integrated da Texas Instruments.
Hoto na 6. Saita tare da Maxim Integrate d's MAX31730 Evaluation Board
Hoto na 7. Saita tare da Texas Instruments 'TMP468 Evaluation Board
- Mai ƙarfi na thermal-ko kuma a madadin, zaku iya amfani da ɗakin zafin jiki-rufe kuma rufe FPGA kuma tilasta zafin jiki kamar yadda aka saita yanayin zafi.
- A yayin wannan gwajin, FPGA ta kasance cikin yanayin rashin ƙarfi don guje mata daga haifar da zafi.
- Lokacin jiƙa don kowane wurin gwajin zafin jiki shine mintuna 30.
- Saitunan akan kayan kit ɗin sun yi amfani da saitunan tsoho daga masana'antun.
- Bayan saitin, an bi matakai a cikin Biyan Kuɗi a shafi na 10 don tattara bayanai da bincike.
Kima tare da Maxim Integrated's MAX31730 Temperature Sensing Chip Evaluation Board
An gudanar da wannan kimantawa tare da matakan saiti kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin Ƙimar Kayyade.
An tattara bayanan kafin da kuma bayan amfani da diyya. An yi amfani da zafin jiki daban-daban zuwa ga tubalan Intel FPGA daban-daban saboda ba za a iya amfani da ƙima guda ɗaya akan duk tubalan ba. Alkaluman da ke gaba suna nuna sakamakon.
Hoto 8. Bayanai don Intel Stratix 10 Core Fabric
Hoto 9. Bayanai na Intel FPGA H-Tile da L-Tile
Hoto 10. Bayanai na Intel FPGA E-Tile
Hoto 11. Bayanai na Intel FPGA P-Tile
Kima tare da Texas Instruments's TMP468 Zazzabi Sensing Chip Evaluation Board
An gudanar da wannan kimantawa tare da matakan saiti kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin Ƙimar Kayyade.
An tattara bayanan kafin da kuma bayan amfani da diyya. An yi amfani da zafin jiki daban-daban zuwa ga tubalan Intel FPGA daban-daban saboda ba za a iya amfani da ƙima guda ɗaya akan duk tubalan ba. Alkaluman da ke gaba suna nuna sakamakon.
Hoto 12. Bayanai don Intel Stratix 10 Core Fabric
Hoto 13. Bayanai na Intel FPGA H-Tile da L-Tile
Hoto 14. Bayanai na Intel FPGA E-Tile
Hoto 15. Bayanai na Intel FPGA P-Tile
Kammalawa
Akwai masana'antun sarrafa zafin jiki daban-daban. Yayin zaɓin kayan aikin, Intel yana ba da shawarar da ƙarfi cewa ka zaɓi guntu na gano zafin jiki tare da la'akari masu zuwa.
- Zaɓi guntu tare da fasalin fasalin manufa mai daidaitawa.
- Zaɓi guntu mai juriya mai juriya.
- Zaɓi guntu mai goyan bayan beta diyya.
- Zaɓi capacitors waɗanda suka dace da shawarwarin masana'anta guntu.
- Aiwatar da kowane diyya da ta dace bayan yin gwajin zafin jikifile karatu.
Dangane da la'akari da sakamakon aiwatarwa, dole ne ku inganta guntu na gano zafin jiki a cikin ƙirar ku don cimma daidaiton aunawa.
Tarihin Bita na Takardu don AN 769: Jagorar Aiwatar da Diode Sensing Temperate Intel FPGA
| Sigar Takardu | Canje-canje |
| 2022.04.06 |
|
| 2021.02.09 | Sakin farko. |
Kamfanin Intel. An kiyaye duk haƙƙoƙi. Intel, tambarin Intel, da sauran alamun Intel alamun kasuwanci ne na Kamfanin Intel Corporation ko rassan sa. Intel yana ba da garantin aiwatar da samfuran FPGA da semiconductor zuwa ƙayyadaddun bayanai na yanzu daidai da daidaitaccen garanti na Intel, amma yana da haƙƙin yin canje-canje ga kowane samfuri da sabis a kowane lokaci ba tare da sanarwa ba. Intel ba ya ɗaukar wani nauyi ko alhaki da ya taso daga aikace-aikacen ko amfani da kowane bayani, samfur, ko sabis da aka kwatanta a nan sai dai kamar yadda Intel ya yarda da shi a rubuce. An shawarci abokan cinikin Intel su sami sabon sigar ƙayyadaddun na'urar kafin su dogara ga kowane bayanan da aka buga kuma kafin sanya oda don samfur ko ayyuka.
*Wasu sunaye da tambura ana iya da'awarsu azaman mallakar wasu.
ISO
9001:2015
Rajista
Takardu / Albarkatu
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intel AN 769 FPGA Nesa Zazzabi Sensing Diode [pdf] Jagorar mai amfani AN 769 FPGA Nesa Zazzabi Sensing Diode, AN 769, FPGA Nesa Zazzabi Sensing Diode, Diode Sensing Diode Nesa |
