CISCO IPv6 Multicast Muterere Discovery Protocol User Guide

Kutsvaga Feature Information

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Zvirambidzo zveIPv6 Multicast Muterere Discovery Protocol

• MLD snooping haitsigirwe. IPv6 multicast traffic yakafashama kune ese maEthernet Flow Points (EFPs) kana Trunk EFPs (TEFPs) ine chekuita nedhamu rebhiriji.
• MLD proxy haitsigirwe.
• Kune RSP1A, anopfuura 1000 IPv6 multicast nzira hadzitsigirwe.
• Kune RSP1B, nzira dzinopfuura 2000 IPv6 multicast nzira hadzitsigirwe.
• IPv6 Multicast Muterere Discovery protocol haitsigirwe paASR 900 RSP3 module.

Ruzivo Nezve IPv6 Multicast Muterere Discovery Protocol

IPv6 Multicast Pamusoroview
IPv6 multicast boka iboka rinopokana revagamuchiri vanoda kugashira imwe data stream. Iri boka harina miganhu yemuviri kana yenzvimbo; vanogamuchira vanogona kuwanikwa chero paInternet kana mune chero yakavanzika network. Vanogamuchira vanofarira kugamuchira data inoyerera kune rimwe boka vanofanirwa kujoina boka nekusaina mudziyo wavo wenzvimbo. Uku kusaina kunowanikwa ne MLD protocol.
Midziyo inoshandisa iyo MLD protocol kudzidza kuti kana kwete nhengo dzeboka dziripo pane dzadzo dzakanamirwa subnets. mauto anojoinha mapoka akawanda nekutumira MLD mishumo. Iyo network inozoendesa data kune inogona kuverengeka nhamba yevanogamuchira, vachishandisa chete kopi imwe chete yemulticast data pane imwe neimwe subnet. IPv6 mauto anoshuvira kugamuchira traffic anozivikanwa senhengo dzeboka.
Mapaketi anounzwa kunhengo dzeboka anoonekwa nekero imwechete yeboka remulticast. Multicast mapaketi anounzwa kuboka uchishandisa zvakanakisa-kuedza kuvimbika, senge IPv6 unicast mapaketi.
Iyo multicast nharaunda ine vanotumira uye vanogamuchira. Chero muenzi, zvisinei nekuti inhengo yeboka, anogona kutumira kuboka. Zvisinei, nhengo dzeboka chete dzinogamuchira shoko racho.
Kero ye multicast inosarudzwa kune vanogamuchira muboka remulticast.Vatumiri vanoshandisa kero iyi sekero yekuenda kwe dataggondohwe kusvika kune vese veboka.
Nhengo muboka re multicast ine simba; vaenzi vanogona kujoina uye kuenda chero nguva. Iko hakuna kurambidzwa panzvimbo kana nhamba yenhengo muboka re multicast. Mugamuchiri anogona kuve nhengo yeboka rinopfuura rimwe multicast panguva. Iri kushanda sei boka remulticast, nguva yaro, uye nhengo yaro inogona kusiyana kubva kuboka neboka uye nguva nenguva. Boka rine nhengo rinogona kunge risina zvekuita

IPv6 Multicast Routing Implementation
Cisco software inotsigira anotevera mapuroteni ekushandisa IPv6 multicast routing:

• MLD inoshandiswa neIPv6 zvishandiso kutsvaga vateereri vakawanda pane zvakanamirwa zvinongedzo. Kune maviri mavhezheni eMLD:
  • MLD vhezheni yekutanga yakavakirwa pavhezheni yechipiri yeInternet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) yeIPv1.
  • MLD vhezheni 2 yakavakirwa pavhezheni 3 yeIGMP yeIPv4.
• IPv6 multicast yeCisco software inoshandisa zvese MLD vhezheni 2 uye MLD vhezheni 1. MLD vhezheni 2 inodzokera kumashure-inoenderana neMLD vhezheni 1 (inotsanangurwa muRFC 2710). Mahosisiti anotsigira MLD vhezheni 1 chete anodyidzana nemudziyo unoshandisa MLD vhezheni 2. MaLAN akasanganiswa ane ese MLD vhezheni 1 uye MLD vhezheni 2 anotsigirwawo.
• PIM-SM inoshandiswa pakati pemidziyo kuitira kuti vakwanise kuteedzera kuti ndeapi mapaketi akawanda ekutumira kune mumwe nemumwe uye kune avo akabatana zvakananga maLAN.
• PIM in Source Specific Multicast (PIM-SSM) yakafanana nePIM-SM nekuwedzera kugona kutaurira kufarira mukugamuchira mapaketi kubva kune chaiyo sosi kero (kana kubva kune ese kunze kweiyo chaiyo sosi kero) kune IP multicast kero.

Nhamba iri pazasi inoratidza panoshanda MLD nePIM-SM mukati meIPv6 multicast nharaunda.

Mufananidzo 1: IPv6 Multicast Routing Protocols Inotsigirwa neIPv6

Multicast Mutereri Discovery Protocol yeIPv6

Kutanga kuita multicasting mu campisu network, vashandisi vanofanira kutanga vatsanangura kuti ndiani anogamuchira multicast. Iyo MLD protocol inoshandiswa neIPv6 zvishandiso kuona kuvepo kwevateereri vakawanda (yeexample, node dzinoda kugashira mapaketi akawanda) pamanongedzo adzo akabatana, uye kuona kuti ndedzipi kero dzemulticast dzinofadza kune aya akavakidzana. Inoshandiswa kutsvaga boka remunharaunda uye kwakabva-chaiwo nhengo yeboka. Iyo MLD protocol inopa nzira yekudzora otomatiki uye kudzikisira kuyerera kweakawanda traffic traffic mukati metiweki yako nekushandiswa kweakakosha multicast queriers uye mauto. Musiyano uripo pakati pevazhinji vanobvunza uye mauto ndeiyi inotevera:

• A querier mudziyo wetiweki unotumira mameseji ekubvunza kuti ndeapi maturusi etiweki inhengo dzeboka rakapihwa multicast.
• A host ndiye anogamuchira anotumira mameseji ekuzivisa kuzivisa ari kubvunza nezvenhengo yevaenzi.

Seti yevanobvunza uye mauto anogashira multicast data hova kubva kune imwechete sosi inonzi boka remulticast.
Vanobvunza uye vanotambira vanoshandisa MLD mishumo kujoinha uye kusiya ma multicast mapoka uye kutanga kugamuchira traffic yeboka.

MLD inoshandisa iyo Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) kutakura mameseji ayo. Ese mameseji eMLD akabatana-emunharaunda ane hop muganho we1, uye ese ane yambiro sarudzo yakatarwa. Iyo yekuzivisa sarudzo inoreva kuisirwa kweiyo hop-by-hop sarudzo musoro.
MLD ine marudzi matatu emashoko:

• Mubvunzo-Zvakawanda, boka-chaiwo, uye multicast-kero-chaiyo. Mune meseji yemubvunzo, iyo multicast kero ndima inoiswa ku0 apo MLD inotumira zvakajairika mubvunzo. Wese mubvunzo unodzidza kuti ndedzipi kero dze multicast dzine vateereri pane yakanamatira link
  
  Boka-chaiyo uye multicast-kero-chaiyo mibvunzo yakafanana. Kero yeboka ikero ye multicast.
• Chirevo-Mune meseji yeshumo, nzvimbo yekero yemulticast ndeyeiyo chaiyo IPv6 multicast kero iyo inoteerera mutumi.
• Waitwa-Mune meseji yaitwa, iyo multicast kero ndima ndeye chaiyo IPv6 multicast kero uko kwainosuka meseji yeMLD haisisiri kuteerera.

Chirevo cheMLD chinofanirwa kutumirwa neIPv6 link-yenzvimbo yenzvimbo, kana kero isina kutaurwa (::), kana iyo yekutumira interface isati yawana chinongedzo-kero yenzvimbo. Kutumira mishumo nekero isina kutaurwa kunotenderwa kutsigira kushandiswa kweIPv6 multicast muNeighbor Discovery Protocol.

Kune isina mamiriro autoconfiguration, node inodiwa kujoinha akati wandei IPv6 multicast mapoka kuitira kuti iite duplicate kero yekuona (DAD). DAD isati yasvika, kero chete iyo node yekubika ine yekutumira interface ndeye tentative, isingagone kushandiswa pakukurukurirana. Naizvozvo, kero isina kutaurwa inofanira kushandiswa.

MLD inotaura kuti mhedzisiro kubva kuMLD vhezheni 2 kana MLD vhezheni 1 mishumo yenhengo inogona kuganhurirwa pasi rose kana nechimiro. Iyo MLD yeboka remiganho chimiro inopa dziviriro kubva pakuramba sevhisi (DoS) kurwiswa kunokonzerwa neMLD mapaketi. Mishumo yenhengo inodarika miganho yakamisikidzwa haina kuiswa muMLD cache, uye traffic kune iyo yakawandisa nhengo mishumo haizoendeswa mberi.

MLD inopa rutsigiro rwekusefa sosi. Kusefa kwenzvimbo kunobvumira node kuti itaure kufarira kwekuteerera kumapaketi chete kubva kune chaiyo sosi kero (inodiwa kutsigiraSSM), kana kubva kumakero ese kunze kwemakero chaiwo anotumirwa kune imwe kero yemulticast.

Kana muenzi anoshandisa MLD vhezheni 1 akatumira meseji yekusiya, chishandiso chinoda kutumira meseji yekubvunza kuti usimbise zvakare kuti mugadziri uyu aive wekupedzisira MLD vhezheni 1 muenzi akabatana neboka risati ramira kutumira traffic. Basa iri rinotora anenge 2 seconds. Iyi "leve latency" iripo zvakare muIGMP vhezheni 2 yeIPv4 multicast.

MLD Access Group
Mapoka ekuwana MLD anopa anogamuchira yekuwana kutonga muCisco IPv6 multicast zvishandiso. Ichi chimiro chinodzikamisa rondedzero yemapoka anogona kujoinwa nemugamuchiri, uye inobvumira kana kuramba masosi anoshandiswa kujoinha chiteshi cheSSM.

Maitiro ekugadzirisa IPv6 Multicast Muterere Discovery Protocol

Kugonesa IPv6 Multicast Routing
Kugonesa IPv6 multicast routing, zadzisa matanho anotevera:

Usati watanga
Iwe unofanirwa kutanga wagonesa IPv6 unicast routing pane ese maficha echishandiso chaunoda kugonesa IPv6 multicast routing.

PFUPISO MATINJI

1. enable
2. gadzirisa terminal
3. ipv6 multicast-routing [vrf vrf-zita]
4. end

MATANHO AKADZWA

	Raira kana Chiito	Chinangwa
Danho 1	enable	Inogonesa yakasarudzika EXEC modhi.
	Example: Chishandiso> gonesa	Isa password yako kana wakurudzirwa.
Danho 2	gadzirisa terminal Example: Chishandiso# gadzirisa terminal	Inopinda pasi rose configuration mode.
Danho 3	ipv6 multicast-routing [vrf vrf-zita] Example: Chishandiso(config)# ipv6 multicast-routing	Inogonesa multicast routing pane ese IPv6-inogonesa interfaces uye inogonesa multicast kutumira kwePIM neMLD pane ese anogonesa maficha emudziyo. IPv6 multicast routing inovharwa nekusarudzika kana IPv6 unicast routing yabatidzwa. Pane mimwe midziyo, IPv6 multicast routing inofanirawo kugoneswa kuitira kushandisa IPv6 unicast routing. vrf vrf-zita-(Inosarudzika) Inotsanangura dhizaini yekufambisa uye kutumira (VRF) gadziriso.
Danho 4	end Example: Mudziyo(config)# kupera	Inobuda kune yakasarudzika EXEC modhi.

Kugadzirisa MLD pane Interface

Kugadzirisa MLD pane interface, zadzisa matanho anotevera:

PFUPISO MATINJI

1. enable
2. gadzirisa terminal
3. ipv6 mld mamiriro-muganhu nhamba
4. ipv6 md [vrf vrf-zita] ssm-map inogonesa
5. interface nyora nhamba
6. ipv6 mld kuwana-boka access-list-zita
7. ipv6 mld static-boka [boka-kero] [[sanganisira| bvisa] {tsime-kero | source-list [acl]}
8. ipv6 mld query-max-response-time seconds
9. ipv6 mld query-timeout seconds
10. ipv6 mld query-interval seconds
11. ipv6 mld muganhu nhamba [kunze access-list]
12. end

MATANHO AKADZWA

	Raira kana Chiito	Chinangwa
Danho 1	enable Example: Chishandiso> gonesa	Inogonesa yakasarudzika EXEC modhi. Isa password yako kana wakurudzirwa.
Danho 2	gadzirisa terminal Example: Chishandiso# gadzirisa terminal	Inopinda pasi rose configuration mode.
Danho 3	ipv6 mld mamiriro-muganhu nhamba Example: Mudziyo(config)# ipv6 mld mamiriro-muganho 300	Inogadzirisa muganho pahuwandu hweMLD nyika dzinobva kunhengo dzeMLD mishumo pasi rose. Mishumo yenhengo inotumirwa mushure mekunge miganho yakagadziriswa yadarika haina kuiswa muMLD cache uye traffic yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemishumo haina kuendeswa. nhamba-Nhamba huru yeMLD inotenderwa pane router. Iyo inoshanda renji kubva pa1 kusvika 64000.
Danho 4	ipv6 md [vrf vrf-zita] ssm-map inogonesa Example: Chishandiso(config)# ipv6 mld ssm-mepu inogonesa	Inogonesa iyo Source Specific Multicast (SSM) mepu chimiro chemapoka ari muhurongwa hweSSM hwakarongwa.  vrf vrf-zita- (Inosarudzika) Inotsanangura chaiyo yekufambisa uye kutumira (VRF) kumisikidzwa.
Danho 5	interface nyora nhamba Example: Mudziyo(config)# interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0	Inotsanangura mhando yemhando uye nhamba, uye inoisa mudziyo mudhizaini yekumisikidza mode.
Danho 6	ipv6 mld kuwana-boka access-list-zita Example: Chishandiso(config-kana)# ipv6 yekuwana-rondedzero acc-grp-1	Inobvumira mushandisi kuita IPv6 multicast inogamuchira yekutonga. access-list-name-Iyo yakajairwa IPv6 ine zita rekupinda iro rinotsanangura mapoka evakawanda uye masosi ekubvumidza kana kuramba.
Danho 7	ipv6 mld static-boka [boka-kero] [[sanganisira|bvisa] {tsime-kero | source-list [acl]} Example: Mudziyo(config-kana)# ipv6 mld static-boka ff04::10 inosanganisira 100::1	Inoendesa mberi traffic yeboka remulticast pane yakatarwa interface uye inoita kuti iyo interface iite sekunge MLD anojoinha aivepo pane iyo interface. boka-kero-(Inosarudzika) IPv6 kero yeboka remulticast.  sanganisira-(Sarudzo) Inogonesa inosanganisira maitiro. bvisa-(Inosarudzika) Inogonesa kusabvisa maitiro.
		source-kero-Unicast source kero yekusanganisa kana kusabvisa. source-list-Source list panofanira kugadziriswa MLD. acl—(Sarudzo) Rondedzero yekuwana inoshandiswa kusanganisira kana kusabvisa akawanda masosi eboka rimwe chete.
Danho 8	ipv6 mld query-max-response-time seconds Example: Mudziyo(config-kana)# ipv6 mld query-max-response-time 20	Inogadzirisa yakanyanya nguva yekupindura yakashambadzirwa mumibvunzo yeMLD. masekondi-Yakanyanya nguva yekupindura, mumasekonzi, yakashambadzirwa muMLD mibvunzo. Iko kukosha kwekutanga ndeye 10 seconds.
Danho 9	ipv6 mld query-timeout masekondi Example: Mudziyo(config-kana)# ipv6 mld query-timeout 130	Inogadzirisa kukosha kwekupedza nguva mudziyo usati watora semubvunzo weiyo interface. masekonzi-Kuwanda kwemasekonzi ayo router inomirira mushure mekunge querier yapfuura amira kubvunza uye isati yatora semubvunzo.
Danho 10	ipv6 mld query-interval seconds Example: Mudziyo(config-kana)# ipv6 mld query-interval 60	Inogadzirisa frequency iyo Cisco IOS XE software inotumira MLD host-mubvunzo mameseji. masekonzi — Frequency, mumasekonzi, pakutumira MLD host-mubvunzo mameseji. Inogona kuva nhamba kubva pa0 kusvika 65535. The default is 125 seconds. Yambiro:  Kushandura kukosha uku kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kutumirwa kwemulticast.
Danho 11	ipv6 mld muganhu nhamba [kunze kwekuwana-rondedzero] Example: Mudziyo(config-kana)# ipv6 mld muganhu 100	Inogadzirisa muganho pahuwandu hweMLD nyika dzinobva kunhengo dzeMLD mishumo pane imwe-interface. Mishumo yenhengo inotumirwa mushure mekunge miganho yakagadziriswa yadarika haina kuiswa muMLD cache, uye traffic yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemishumo haina kuendeswa. Per-interface uye per-system miganho inoshanda yakazvimiririra kune imwe neimwe uye inogona kumanikidza akasiyana akamiswa miganhu. Nyika yenhengo inofuratirwa kana ikadarika muganhu we-per-interface kana pasi rose. Kana iwe ukasagadzirisa iyo kunze kwekuwana-rondedzero kiyi uye nharo, ese MLD nyika inoverengerwa yakanangana yakagadziriswa cache muganho pane interface. Shandisa iyo kunze kwekuwana-rondedzero kiyi izwi uye nharo kusabvisa mamwe mapoka kana machaneli kubva pakuverenga wakananga kuMLD cache muganho. Chirevo chenhengo yeMLD chinoverengerwa zvichipesana nemuganho we-per-interface kana ichibvumidzwa nekuwedzerwa kwekuwana

Kudzima MLD Device-Side Processing

Mushandisi angangoda akatarwa mainterface kuti aite IPv6 multicast uye nekudaro anoda kudzima MLD mudziyo-padivi kugadzirisa pane yakatarwa interface. Kudzima MLD mudziyo-parutivi kugadzirisa, zadzisa anotevera matanho:

PFUPISO MATINJI

1. enable
2. gadzirisa terminal
3. interface nyora nhamba
4. hapana ipv6 mld router

DETAILED STEPS

	Raira kana Chiito	Chinangwa
Danho 1	enable Example: Chishandiso> gonesa	Inogonesa yakasarudzika EXEC modhi. Isa password yako kana wakurudzirwa.
Danho 2	gadzirisa terminal Example: Chishandiso# gadzirisa terminal	Inopinda pasi rose configuration mode.
Danho 3	interface nyora nhamba Example: Mudziyo(config)# interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0	Inotsanangura mhando yemhando uye nhamba, uye inoisa mudziyo mudhizaini yekumisikidza mode.

Danho 4

hapana ipv6 mld router Example: Chishandiso(config-kana)# hapana ipv6 mld router

Inodzima MLD mudziyo-parutivi kugadzirisa pane yakatarwa interface.

Kugadzirisa zvakare MLD Traffic Counters

Kugadzirisa zvakare MLD traffic counter, zadzisa anotevera matanho:

PFUPISO MATINJI

1. enable
2. yakajeka ipv6 mld [vrf vrf-zita] traffic

DETAILED STEPS

	Raira kana Chiito	Chinangwa
Danho 1	enable Example: Chishandiso> gonesa	Inogonesa yakasarudzika EXEC modhi. Isa password yako kana wakurudzirwa.
Danho 2	yakajeka ipv6 mld [vrf vrf-zita] traffic Example: Chishandiso# bvisa ipv6 mld traffic	Reset ese MLD traffic counters. vrf vrf-zita-(Inosarudzika) Inotsanangura dhizaini yekufambisa uye kutumira (VRF) kumisikidzwa.

Kuchenesa iyo MLD Interface Counters

Kubvisa iyo MLD interface counter, zadzisa matanho anotevera:

PFUPISO MATINJI

1. enable
2. yakajeka ipv6 mld [vrf vrf-zita] counters interface-mhando

DETAILED STEPS

	Raira kana Chiito	Chinangwa
Danho 1	enable Example: Chishandiso> gonesa	Inogonesa yakasarudzika EXEC modhi. Isa password yako kana wakurudzirwa.
Danho 2	yakajeka ipv6 mld [vrf vrf-zita] counters interface-mhando	Inodzima iyo MLD interface counters.

Example: Mudziyo# clear ipv6 mld counters GigabitEthernet1/0/0

vrf vrf-zita-(Inosarudzika) Inotsanangura dhizaini yekufambisa uye kutumira (VRF) kumisikidzwa. interface-mhando-(Inosarudzika) mhando yeinterface. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shandisa chiratidzo chemubvunzo (?) rubatsiro rwepamhepo basa.

Kuchenesa MLD Mapoka

Kuti ubvise ruzivo rwakabatana neMLD muIPv6 multicast routing tafura, zadzisa matanho anotevera:

PFUPISO MATINJI

1. enable
2. gadzirisa terminal
3. pachena ipv6 [icmp] mld mapoka {* | group-prefix | boka [source]} [vrf {vrf-zita | zvose}]
4. end

DETAILED STEPS

	Raira kana Chiito	Chinangwa
Danho 1	enable Example: Chishandiso> gonesa	Inogonesa yakasarudzika EXEC modhi. Isa password yako kana wakurudzirwa.
Danho 2	gadzirisa terminal Example: Chishandiso# gadzirisa terminal	Inopinda pasi rose configuration mode.
Danho 3	pachena ipv6 [icmp] mld mapoka {* | group-prefix | boka [source]} [vrf {vrf-zita | zvose}] Example: Chishandiso (config)# zvakajeka ipv6 mld mapoka *	Inodzima ruzivo rwemapoka eMLD.  icmp-(Inosarudzika) Inodzima ruzivo rweICMP. *— Inotsanangura nzira dzese. group-prefix—Chivakashure cheboka. boka—Kero yeboka. source—(Zvichida) Kwakabva (S, G) nzira. vrf-(Inosarudzika) Inoshanda kune chaiyo yekufambisa uye kutumira (VRF) muenzaniso. vrf-zita-(Sarudzo) VRF zita. Zita racho rinogona kuva alphanumeric, case sensitive, kana kudarika mavara makumi matatu nemaviri.

Kuongorora IPv6 Multicast Mutereri Discovery Protocol

• Shandisa iyo ratidza ipv6 mld mapoka [link-local] [zita-reboka | boka-kero] [interface-type interface-nhamba] [tsanangudzo | pachena] raira kuratidza mapoka akawanda akabatana zvakananga kune mudziyo uye akadzidzwa kuburikidza neMLD:

Router# ratidza ipv6 mld boka

MLD Yakabatana Boka Nhengo Yeboka Kero	Interface	Uptime Inopera
FF08::1	Gi0/4/4	00:10:22 00:04:19

• Shandisa iyo ratidza ipv6 mfib [vrf vrf-zita] [zvose | linkscope | verbose | boka-kero-zita | ipv6-prefix/prefix-length | source-address-zita | interface | chimiro | pfupiso] raira ratidza zvekutumira uye zvinopinda mukati muIPv6 Multicast Forwarding Information Base (MFIB).

Anotevera example inotaridza mapindiro uye mapindiro muMFIB yakatsanangurwa nekero yeboka reFF08:1::1:

Router# ratidza ipv6 mfib ff08::1

• Shandisa iyo ratidza ipv6 mld interface [nyora nhamba] raira kuratidza ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana nezve an

Izvi zvinotevera sample output kubva ku show ipv6 mld interface kuraira kweGigabit Ethernet interface 0/4/4:

Router# ratidza ipv6 mld interface gigabitethernet 0/4/4

• Shandisa iyo ratidza ipv6 mld [vrf vrf-zita] traffic raira kuratidza MLD traffic counters:

Router# ratidza ipv6 mld traffic

• Shandisa iyo ratidza ipv6 mrout [vrf vrf-zita] [link-local | [zita-boka | boka-kero [source-address | tsime-zita] ] raira kuratidza ruzivo muPIM topology tafura:

Router# ratidza ipv6 mroute ff08::1

 

 

Zvinyorwa / Zvishandiso

CISCO IPv6 Multicast Mutereri Discovery Protocol [pdf] Bhuku reMushandisi IPv6, Multicast Mutereri Discovery Protocol, Mutereri Discovery Protocol, Multicast Discovery Protocol, Discovery Protocol, Protocol

References

• User Manual