ADVANTECH Protocol PIM-SM Router App

2023 Advantech Czech sro Palibe gawo la bukhuli lomwe lingasindikizidwenso kapena kufalitsidwa mwanjira ina iliyonse kapena mwanjira ina iliyonse, zamagetsi kapena zamakina, kuphatikiza kujambula, kujambula, kapena njira ina iliyonse yosungira ndi kuchotsa zidziwitso popanda chilolezo cholembedwa. Zomwe zili m'bukuli zikhoza kusintha popanda chidziwitso, ndipo sizikuyimira kudzipereka kwa Advantech. Advantech Czech sro sadzakhala ndi mlandu wowononga mwangozi kapena zotsatira zake chifukwa chopereka, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka bukhuli. Mayina onse amtundu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'bukuli ndi zilembo zolembetsedwa za eni ake. Kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiritso kapena zilembo zina m'bukuli ndizongongoyerekeza chabe ndipo sizikutsimikizira mwini wakeyo.

Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito

Ngozi - Zambiri zokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha ogwiritsa ntchito kapena kuwonongeka kwa rauta.
Chisamaliro - Mavuto omwe angabwere muzochitika zinazake.
Zambiri - Malangizo othandiza kapena chidziwitso chapadera.
Example - Eksample ya ntchito, lamulo kapena script.

Changelog

Protocol PIM-SM Changelog
v1.0.0 (2012-06-11)

• Kutulutsidwa koyamba
  v1.1.0 (2013-11-13)
• Thandizo lowonjezera la zoikamo za nthawi - moni, lowani / kudulira, bootstrap
  v1.2.0 (2017-03-20)
• Zowonjezeredwa ndi SDK yatsopano
  v1.2.1 (2018-09-27)
• Anawonjezera milingo yoyembekezeka ku mauthenga olakwika a JavaSript
  v1.2.2 (2019-01-02)
• Zowonjezera zambiri zamalayisensi
  v1.3.0 (2020-10-01)
• Zosinthidwa CSS ndi HTML code kuti zigwirizane ndi firmware 6.2.0+
  v1.3.1 (2022-03-24)
• Njira zokhazikitsira zosungidwa zosungidwa
  v1.4.0 (2022-11-03)
• Zambiri zamalayisensi zosinthidwa
  v1.5.0 (2023-07-24)
• Pimd yokwezedwa kukhala mtundu 2.3.2

Kufotokozera kwa pulogalamu ya router

Pulogalamu ya Router Protocol PIM-SM sichipezeka mu firmware yokhazikika ya rauta. Kuyika kwa pulogalamu ya rauta iyi kwafotokozedwa m'buku la Configuration (onani Zolemba Zogwirizana ndi Mutu). Chifukwa cha gawoli, protocol ya PIM-SM (Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode) ilipo. Ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ma multicast routing protocol yomwe idapangidwa poganiza kuti olandila pagulu lililonse la ma multicast adzagawidwa mochepa pa netiweki yonse. Kuti alandire zambiri zowulutsa, ma rauta amayenera kuuza momveka bwino anansi awo akumtunda za chidwi chawo pamagulu ena ndi magwero. PIM-SM mwachisawawa imagwiritsa ntchito mitengo yogawana, yomwe ndi mitengo yogawa ma multicast yokhazikika pamalo ena osankhidwa (rauta iyi imatchedwa Rendezvous Point, RP) ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magwero onse omwe amatumiza kugulu lanyimbo zambiri.

Pakusintha PIM SM rauta pulogalamu ilipo web mawonekedwe, omwe amapemphedwa ndikukanikiza dzina la gawo patsamba la mapulogalamu a Router pa rauta web mawonekedwe. Mbali yakumanzere ya web mawonekedwe ali ndi menyu wokhala ndi masamba a Kusintha, kuyang'anira (Mkhalidwe) ndi Kusintha Makonda a gawoli. Chida chosinthira mwamakonda chili ndi chinthu Chobwerera chokha, chomwe chimasinthira izi web mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a rauta. Mu kasinthidwe gawo la web mawonekedwe ndizotheka kupeza mawonekedwe omwe ali ndi izi:

• Yambitsani PIM-SM
  Imathandizira kutsegulira kwa gawolo (makamaka limayendetsa pulogalamu - pimd demon) kukhazikitsa PIM-SM protocol.
• Network Interfaces
  Mndandanda wa ma network ethX ndi greX momwe protocol ya PIM-SM idzayatsidwa. Makhazikitsidwe a chinthuchi akhazikitsidwa ndi mbendera ya "all multi" ya mawonekedwe a ethX (monga eth0) ndi mbendera ya "multicast" ya mawonekedwe a greX (monga gre1). TTL (Time to Live) mtengo ndi 64. Kubwereranso kusefa kwa mitundu yonse ya maukonde omwe atchulidwa pamndandandawo ndikoletsedwa. Izi zimachitika pokhazikitsa chinthu choyenera cha rp_filter mu proc file dongosolo (mwachitsanzo echo 0> /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/rp_filter).
  ExampLe:
  ndi 0g1
• Letsani Vifs
  Imagwirizana ndi -N, kapena -(onani [3]), poyendetsa pulogalamuyo (pimd daemon) ikukhazikitsa protocol ya PIM-SM. Ngati chinthuchi chitafufuzidwa, maukonde onse a netiweki malinga ndi PIM-SM sakugwira ntchito ndipo ayenera kuyatsa mwasankha (yambitsani njira yolipira mu Mutu 3 Kusintha patsamba 4). Ngati chinthuchi sichinawunikidwe, ndiye kuti zinthuzo zasinthidwa ndipo ma network onse omwe sayenera kukhala ndi PIM-SM protocol (mwachitsanzo ppp0) ayenera kuletsedwa mwatsatanetsatane. Zambiri zitha kupezeka pazolembedwa za pimd daemon (onani [3]).
• Nthawi Moni Nthawi
  Mauthenga a PIM amatumizidwa nthawi ndi nthawi pamawonekedwe aliwonse omwe ali ndi PIM yothandizidwa pakusintha file za pimd daemon (ndizotheka kutanthauzira mu pimd. conf field). Chinthuchi chikufotokoza nthawi yotumiza mauthengawa. Mtengo wokhazikika ndi masekondi 30.
• Nthawi Yophatikiza / Kudulira Nthawi
  Kugwiritsa ntchito chinthuchi kungatchulidwe nthawi yomwe rauta imatumiza uthenga wa PIM kujowina / kudulira kwa oyandikana nawo a RPF (Reverse Path Forwarding). Nthawi yofikira yolumikizana/kudulira uthenga ndi masekondi 60.
• Nthawi ya Bootstrap ya Timer
  Chinthuchi chikufotokoza nthawi yotumiza mauthenga a bootstrap. Mtengo wokhazikika ndi masekondi 60.
• pimd. conf
  Kusintha file pa pimd daemon. Tsatanetsatane ndi examples angapezeke muzolemba za pimd daemon. Zosinthazo zidzagwira ntchito mukakanikiza batani la Apply.

Kusintha

Mndandanda wotsatirawu umatchula malamulo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza pimd.conf file (yoyimiridwa ndi dzina lomwelo pakusintha web interface) ndi tsatanetsatane wa malamulo awa.

• default_source_preference
  Mtengo wokonda umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene rauta yopita patsogolo ndi yakumtunda yasankhidwa pa LAN. Chifukwa cha kusadalirika kwa kupeza zokonda kuchokera ku unicast routing protocols amaloledwa kulowa mtengo wosasintha kudzera lamulo ili. Idalowa kumayambiriro kwa chaka file. Kutsika kwamtengo, m'pamenenso router idzasankhidwe pazifukwa zomwe tatchulazi. Koma mapulogalamu odzipatulira monga pimd sayenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi mapulogalamu ambiri, kotero ndikoyenera kukhazikitsa mtengo wokonda kwambiri (ukhoza kukhala wa ex.ampndi 101).
• default_source_metric
  Imakhazikitsa mtengo wotumizira data kudzera pa router iyi. Mtengo wosasinthika womwe mumakonda ndi 1024.
• phyint [lekani / yambitsani] [altnet masklen ] [kuzungulira maskin ] [threshold thr] [pref pref] [metric mtengo]
• Imatchula zolumikizirana ndi adilesi yawo ya IP kapena dzina. Ngati mukufuna kuyambitsa mawonekedwewa ndi zikhalidwe zosasinthika, simuyenera kuyika china chilichonse. Kupanda kutero, lowetsani zina zowonjezera (mafotokozedwe atsatanetsatane ali muzolemba za pimd daemon [3]).
• cand_rp [ ] [choyamba ] [nthawi ] Rendezvous point (RP) ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamanetiweki okhala ndi protocol ya PIM-SM. Iyi ndiye mfundo (rauta) yomwe imasonkhanitsa deta kuchokera ku magwero owulutsa ambiri ndi zofunikira kuti mutenge izi kuchokera kwa olandila ma multicast. Malo ofikirako mu PIM amatha kusankhidwa mokhazikika kapena mwamphamvu.
• Kwa kusankha kwamphamvu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito machnism a bootstrap. Otsatira angapo pa bootstrap rauta (CBSR) amasankhidwa ndi algorithm yosavuta imodzi BSR. Routa iyi imatsimikizira kusankha kwa RP imodzi kuchokera pagulu la CRP (Candidate Rendezvous Point). Zotsatira zake ziyenera kukhala RP imodzi ya gulu la multicast mu domain PIM.
  Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito cand_rp lamulo mu pimd.conf file, rauta yofananira idzakhala CRP. Ma parameters ndi adilesi ya mawonekedwe a netiweki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka lipoti magawo a CRP iyi, kufunikira kwa CRP (nambala yotsika imatanthauza kutsogola kwambiri) ndi nthawi yoperekera malipoti. cand_bootstrap_router [ ] [choyamba ] Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito cand_bootstrap_router lamulo mu pimd.conf file, rauta yofananira idzakhala CBSR (onani cand_rp kufotokoza). Magawo a lamuloli ndi ofanana ndi a cand_rp com-mand.
• rp_address [ [mask ]] Lamuloli limagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene njira yosasunthika ya kusankha RP ikugwiritsidwa ntchito (onani kufotokozera cand_rp). Gawo lofunikira ndi adilesi ya IP (unicast) ya RP kapena gulu la multicast. Zowonjezera zowonjezera zimatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito RP.
• gulu_prefix [mask ] [choyamba ] Lamuloli limagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene njira yosinthira ya kusankha RP ikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Imatchula gulu la multicast lomwe rauta imagwira ntchito ngati RP ngati rauta iyi yasankhidwa pagulu la CRPs. Chiwerengero chachikulu chazomwezi mu pimd.conf file ndi 255.
• switch_data_threshold [rate nthawi ] Protocol ya PIM-SM imagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zosinthira mapaketi okhala ndi maadiresi ambiri pakati pa magwero (ma transmitter) ndi olandira (olandira). Iliyonse mwa njira izi ndi mawonekedwe omveka bwino a network topology. Topology iyi imakhazikitsidwa ndi malipoti omwe amatumizidwa pakati pa ma router a PIM-SM.
  Iliyonse mwa ma topology awa - mitengo yamitengo - ili ndi dzina lake. Palinso mtengo wa RP (RPT) womwe uli wofanana ndi mtengo wogawana nawo. Njira ina ndi mtengo womwe umatengera magwero ake ndipo pomaliza, pali mtengo wanjira yayifupi kwambiri.
• Mitundu iyi yamitengo yamitengo imalembedwa mu dongosolo lomwe amawonjezera kuchuluka komwe kumafunikira pakusokonekera ndi kukonza. Momwemonso nthawi zambiri kumawonjezeranso mphamvu yake yotumizira.
• Lamulo la switch_data_threshold limayika malire akusintha kupita ku topology yomveka yokhala ndi kutulutsa kwakukulu. switch_register_threshold [register nthawi ] Zotsutsana ndi lamulo lapitalo.

Kukonzekera example - Kusankha kosasunthika kwa RP
Pansipa pali example ya kasinthidwe ndi kusankha kokhazikika kwa RP (Rendezvous Point). Kukonzekera kumalowetsedwa m'munda wa pimd.conf mu web mawonekedwe a pulogalamu ya rauta iyi.

Kukonzekera example - Kusankhidwa kwamphamvu kwa RP

Pansipa pali example ya kasinthidwe ndi kusankha kosinthika kwa RP (Rendezvous Point). Kukonzekera kumalowetsedwa m'munda wa pimd.conf mu web mawonekedwe a pulogalamu ya rauta iyi.

Dongosolo Lolemba
Pakakhala zovuta zilizonse ndizotheka view lowetsani dongosolo mwa kukanikiza chinthu cha menyu cha System Log. Pazenera akuwonetsedwa malipoti atsatanetsatane ochokera kuzinthu zomwe zikuyenda mu rauta kuphatikiza malipoti okhudzana ndi gawo la PIM SM.

Kusagwirizana
Pimd ikhoza kugwira ntchito ndi mapulogalamu ena apulogalamu omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira za PIM-SM protocol. Kupatulapo ndi mitundu yakale ya IOS (Cisco) yomwe sagwirizana ndi izi nthawi imodzi. Mwachindunji, vuto ndi kuwerengetsa cheke PIM_REGISTER mauthenga. M'matembenuzidwe atsopano a IOS, vutoli lathetsedwa kale.

Zilolezo

Imafotokozera mwachidule ziphaso za Open-Source Software (OSS) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gawoli.

Zolemba Zogwirizana
Intaneti: manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/maverick/man8/pimd.8.html Mutha kupeza zikalata zokhudzana ndi malonda pa Engineering Portal pa icr.Advantech.cz adilesi. Kuti mupeze Quick Start Guide ya rauta yanu, Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito, Buku Lokonzekera, kapena Firmware pitani patsamba la Router Models, pezani mtundu wofunikira, ndikusintha kupita ku Manuals kapena Firmware tabu motsatana. Phukusi ndi zolemba za Router Apps zikupezeka patsamba la Mapulogalamu a Router. Pa Zolemba Zachitukuko, pitani patsamba la DevZone.

Zolemba / Zothandizira

ADVANTECH Protocol PIM-SM Router App [pdf] Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito Protocol PIM-SM Router App, Protocol PIM-SM, Router App, App, App Protocol PIM-SM

Maumboni

• Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito