Model – Mini-Loop
Specifications, Analysis, & Usage
Operational Specifications
Specifications of this broadband digital mode Mini-Loop:
- Receive: Low noise characteristics for digital mode from 1.8MHz through 1GHz.
- Transmit: Support without a tuner for digital mode from 10MHz through 54MHz.
Usage Specifications
- Deployable with quantum and/or spread-spectrum equipment.
- For equipment that simultaneously uses many frequencies.
- Missions that require Ground-wave and/or Skywave HF communications.
- Useful when an isolated solution is required that requires no counterpoise.
Technical Specifications
- Option 1: 20W at 25% duty cycle, 10W at 50% duty cycle, and 5W for 100% duty cycle (digital modes).
- Option 2: 100W at 25% duty cycle, 50W at 50% duty cycle, and 25W for 100% duty cycle (digital modes). Including but not limited to the MIL-STD-188 M110a digital communications mode that is rated at 25 watts continuous with bursts of 100 watts digital for up to 1 minute using the MIL-STD Data Modem Terminal (MS-DMT) and Automated Message Terminal (AMT) software applications.
Estimated Gain
(Based upon Field Strength Meter readings)
A plot titled "Mini-Loop dB to MHz" shows estimated gain in decibels (dB) across a frequency range from -42.0 MHz to 54.0 MHz. Minor gridlines are shown in increments of 2.
Analysis
The following results were nearly identical, whether taken indoors, outside, or in a backpack.
Analysis from 0-1GHz
A graph displays the SWR (Standing Wave Ratio) from 0 to 1GHz, indicating performance across a broad frequency spectrum.
Analysis from 0-54MHz
A graph displays the SWR from 0 to 54MHz, detailing performance within a specific high-frequency range.
WSPR TX Test at 250mw
For TX tests, the loop was deployed between two metal buildings and operated at 250mw. Note: TX efficiencies increase as power increases, which can lower the usable frequency.
80M, 40M, 30M, & 20M TEST RESULTS for the Mini Loop +
Four maps illustrate WSPR transmission test results for the 80m, 40m, 30m, and 20m bands. These maps show the geographical spread of received signals across North America, detailing the number of spots and maximum reported transmission range for each band.
WSPR RX Test Results
For all RX tests, the loop was deployed indoors and between floors of a multi-story building.
WSPR 40M RX Test
A map shows WSPR reception results for the 40m band, indicating signal reception points across North America. The maximum reported range was 1337km.
WSPR 30M RX Test
A map shows WSPR reception results for the 30m band, indicating signal reception points across North America. The maximum reported range was 1797km.
WSPR 20M RX Test
A map shows WSPR reception results for the 20m band, indicating signal reception points across North America. The maximum reported range was 1838km.
Usage
Where secrecy is paramount, communication through unseen methods plays a crucial role. Some of the usage scenarios of clandestine antennas include:
1. Clandestine Communications in Cyber-Denied Environments
- Context: In an era where internet-based communications are vulnerable to surveillance and attacks, intelligence operatives seek alternative methods.
- Scenario: Imagine a situation where an operative needs to communicate without exposing themselves to internet-based surveillance.
- Solution:
- Physical Separation: Platforms physically separated from the internet can be used. These platforms are not susceptible to internet-based surveillance or attacks.
- Radio Technology: Combine modern computer-based software with radio technology.
- Importance: Counterintelligence and law enforcement must adapt to these evolving communication methods.
- Countermeasures: Detect radio-based clandestine communications and secure evidence.
2. Operational Scenarios where concealment and minimizing visibility are critical
- Inside a Parked Car:
- Example: Monitoring a nearby building while parked outside.
- Setup: Transmitter, receiver, and antennas positioned out of sight from windows.
- Between Floors in an Office Building:
- Example: Operating from the third floor to the first floor.
- Setup: Transmitter, receiver, and antennas positioned out of sight carried out of site under clothing.
- Out in the Open:
- Example: Providing regional communications support while deployed in the field.
- Setup: Transmitter, receiver, and antennas positioned out of sight inside a backpack.
Remember, clandestine antennas are designed to operate covertly, avoiding detection by adversaries. Their success lies in striking a balance between effective communication and maintaining secrecy with a right sized antenna. All these solutions are enabled by the Broadband Alpha Loop.
