Eaton Lighting Design Guide

Mains Lighting Design Guide

This section covers the fundamental principles of mains lighting design, including:

• Level of Illumination: Understanding required light levels for various environments and tasks, referencing BS EN 12464-1:2011 and the Society of Light and Lighting's Code for Lighting.
• Uniformity and Ratios of Illuminance: Ensuring even illumination of the working plane, walls, and ceilings for a comfortable environment.
• Glare: Establishing acceptable glare levels based on application, referencing BS EN 12464-1:2011 and the SLL Code for Lighting.
• Colour and Room Reflectance: Selecting lamps with appropriate color appearance and color rendition properties, considering interior color schemes and reflectance values.
• Energy Efficiency: Meeting Building Regulations Part L requirements and optimizing luminaire distribution.
• Special Considerations: Addressing specific application needs like display lighting, arduous environments, or Display Screen Equipment (DSE) use.

Calculations and Diagrams

The guide details methods for lighting calculations:

• Lumen Method Calculations: Explains how to calculate illuminance using the lumen method, including formulas for Room Index (K) and average illuminance (E), and factors for maintenance (MF).
• Polar Intensity Curves: Illustrates luminous intensity distribution in transverse and axial planes to understand luminaire output.
• Illuminance Cone Diagrams: Used for spotlights to show maximum illuminance at different distances and beam angles.
• Utilisation Factors Chart: Shows the proportion of luminous flux reaching the working plane, used with reflectivity and Room Index.
• Cartesian Diagrams: Used for floodlights to show luminous intensity distribution.
• Isolux Diagram: Depicts points of equal illuminance on a plane, used to assess distribution characteristics.

Interior Lighting Design Guide

This section focuses on creating comfortable and efficient interior working spaces, emphasizing:

• Wall and Ceiling Illuminance: Recommendations for lighting walls and ceilings to avoid gloomy effects, suggesting specific illuminance ratios relative to the working plane.
• Luminance Distribution: Achieving a balanced luminous environment by considering surface reflectances and illuminance, with recommendations for ceilings, walls, and floors.
• Illuminance: Detailing minimum illuminance levels for specific task areas based on comfort, task requirements, and functional safety.
• Glare: Strategies to limit discomfort and disability glare, including the use of Unified Glare Rating (UGR).
• Lighting in the Interior Space: Ensuring adequate illumination and considering modeling through directional lighting for a balanced environment.
• Colour Appearance and Rendering: Selecting lamps with appropriate color appearance and a minimum Color Rendering Index (CRI) of Ra 80 for work areas.
• Flicker and Stroboscopic Effects: Avoiding these effects through high-frequency control gear.
• Energy Efficiency: Designing for energy efficiency by considering daylight, occupancy patterns, and dimming controls.
• Additional Benefits of Daylight: Utilizing natural daylight to enhance occupant wellbeing and reduce energy consumption.
• Variability of Light: Creating a stimulating environment by varying light levels and direction, considering the human element.
• Practical Scheme Design: Encouraging a holistic approach to lighting design, considering various luminaire types and environmental factors for a comfortable and balanced solution.

References are made to CIBSE guides and standards like BS EN 12464-1 and BS EN 15193.

Emergency Lighting Design Guide

This comprehensive guide details the design and installation of emergency lighting systems, covering:

• Legal Requirements: Outlines legislative requirements for emergency lighting, including The Fire Safety Order 2005 and Approved Document B, referencing BS 5266-1:2011 as the primary source.
• Emergency Design Process: A six-step process for conducting fire safety risk assessments, from identifying hazards to reviewing provisions.
• Health & Safety Regulations (1996): Discusses the implementation of EC Safety Signs Directive and the use of ISO 7010 pictograms.
• Other Regulations: Mentions licensing requirements for specific premises and the role of Local Authorities and Fire Authorities.
• Emergency Lighting System Design: Focuses on meeting BS 5266 Parts 1 EN1838:13 standards for safe movement during power failures, including discussions with stakeholders and plan provision.
• Stage One: Locate Luminaires at Mandatory Points of Emphasis: Details specific locations for luminaires, such as exit doors, safety signs, staircases, and fire fighting equipment.
• Stage Two: Ensure the Exit Signs are of Correct Format and Size: Addresses the importance of correct and illuminated exit signs, including viewing distances and sign format compatibility (BS 2560, BS 5499, ISO 7010).
• Stage Three: Locate Luminaires at Essential Areas: Identifies critical areas requiring emergency lighting beyond escape routes, such as lift cars, toilets, escalators, plant rooms, and covered car parks.
• Stage Four: Escape Route Lighting: Specifies minimum illuminance levels (1 lux) and uniformity ratios for escape routes, ensuring at least two luminaires per compartment for redundancy.
• Stage Five: Open Area (Anti-Panic) Core Areas: Covers lighting requirements for areas over 60m² or those with escape routes, specifying 0.5 lux minimum for empty core areas.
• Stage Six: High Risk Task Area Lighting: Addresses enhanced illumination for high-risk areas, requiring a minimum of 15 lux or 10% of the task illuminance.
• Stage Seven: Control, Testing and Commissioning: Details the importance of control systems, testing procedures (Function Test, Discharge Test), log books, commissioning certificates, and maintenance services. It also introduces automatic test systems like EasiCheck and Intellem.

The guide includes diagrams illustrating luminaire placement for escape routes and open areas, and wiring details for non-maintained and maintained/sustained installations.