Kanfigareshan Gudanar da Laifin Haɗin MICROCHIP
Bayanin samfur
Jagoran Kanfigareshan CFM takarda ce da ke bayanin yadda ake saita fasalulluka na Gudanar da Laifin Haɗin (CFM) don cibiyoyin sadarwa. An ayyana CFM ta ma'aunin IEEE 802.1ag kuma yana ba da ka'idoji da ayyuka don OAM (Ayyuka, Gudanarwa, da Kulawa) don hanyoyin ta gadoji 802.1 da LANs. Jagoran yana ba da ma'anoni da bayani game da yankunan kulawa, ƙungiyoyi, maki na ƙarshe, da matsakaicin maki. Hakanan yana bayyana ka'idojin CFM guda uku: Cigaban Duba Protocol, Link Trace, da Loopback.
Umarnin Amfani da samfur
- Karanta Jagoran Kanfigareshan CFM a hankali don fahimtar yadda ake saita fasalin CFM.
- Sanya wuraren kulawa tare da sunaye da matakai bisa ga ƙimar da aka ba da shawarar. Ya kamata yankunan abokin ciniki su zama mafi girma (misali, 7), yankunan masu bada sabis ya kamata su kasance a tsakanin (misali, 3), kuma yankunan masu aiki su zama mafi ƙanƙanta (misali, 1).
- Ƙayyade ƙungiyoyin kulawa azaman saitin MEPs waɗanda aka saita tare da MAID iri ɗaya (Maintenance Association Identifier) da matakin MD. Ya kamata a daidaita kowane MEP tare da MEPID na musamman a cikin wancan matakin MAID da MD, kuma duk MEPs yakamata a daidaita su tare da cikakken jerin MEPIDs.
- Saita maki ƙarshen ƙungiyar kulawa (MEPs) a gefen yanki don ayyana iyaka don yankin. Ya kamata MEPs su aika da karɓar firam ɗin CFM ta hanyar aikin relay kuma su sauke duk firam ɗin CFM na matakinsa ko ƙananan waɗanda suka fito daga gefen waya.
- Sanya maki matsakaicin yanki (MIPs) na ciki zuwa yankin amma ba a kan iyaka ba. Firam ɗin CFM da aka karɓa daga MEPs da sauran MIPs yakamata a tsara su kuma a tura su, yayin da duk firam ɗin CFM a ƙaramin matakin yakamata a dakatar da sauke su. MIPs maki ne masu wucewa kuma suna amsawa kawai lokacin da hanyar ganowa ta CFM da saƙon madauki suka faɗo.
- Saita Ka'idar Duba Ci gaba (CCP) ta hanyar isar da saƙonni na Ci gaba na Cast (CCMs) zuwa ciki zuwa wasu MEPs don gano gazawar haɗin kai a cikin MA.
- Sanya Saƙonnin Link Trace (LT), wanda kuma aka sani da Mac Trace Route, waɗanda firam ɗin firam ɗin multicast ne waɗanda MEP ke watsawa don bin hanyar (hop-by-hop) zuwa MEP manufa. Kowane MEP mai karɓar ya kamata ya aika da Amsa Hanyar Hannu kai tsaye zuwa MEP mai tasowa kuma ya sabunta Saƙon Hanyar Hanya.
- Tabbatar bin duk wasu umarni da ka'idoji da aka bayar a cikin Jagorar Kanfigareshan CFM don nasarar saitin fasalulluka na CFM.
Gabatarwa
Wannan takaddar tana bayanin yadda ake saita fasalulluka na Gudanar da Laifin Haɗin kai (CFM). An bayyana Gudanar da Laifin Haɗin kai ta ma'aunin IEEE 802.1ag. Yana bayyana ka'idoji da ayyuka don OAM (Ayyuka, Gudanarwa, da Kulawa) don hanyoyin ta hanyar gadoji 802.1 da hanyoyin sadarwar yanki (LANs). IEEE 802.1ag yana da kama da ITU-T Shawarwari Y.1731, wanda kuma yana magance kulawar aiki.
IEEE 802.1ag
Yana ƙayyade yankunan kulawa, wuraren kula da su, da abubuwan sarrafawa da ake buƙata don ƙirƙira da gudanar da su Yana ƙayyade dangantakar da ke tsakanin wuraren kulawa da sabis na gadoji na VLAN da masu ba da sabis na bayar da Bayani Yana bayyana ka'idoji da hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su ta wuraren kiyayewa don kulawa da gano kuskuren haɗin kai a cikin yankin kulawa;
Ma'anoni
- Domain Kulawa (MD)
Domain Kulawa sararin gudanarwa ne akan hanyar sadarwa. Ana saita MDs tare da Sunaye da Matakan, inda matakan takwas ke fitowa daga 0 zuwa 7. Alakar matsayi tana wanzu tsakanin yankuna bisa matakan. Girman yankin, mafi girman darajar matakin. Ƙimar matakan da aka ba da shawarar sune kamar haka: Yankin Abokin ciniki: Mafi Girma (misali, 7) Wurin Mai Bayarwa: Tsakanin (misali, 3) Wurin Mai Gudanarwa: Karami (misali, 1) - Ƙungiyar Kulawa (MA)
An ayyana su azaman “saitin MEPs, waɗanda duk an saita su tare da MAID ɗaya (Maintenance Association Identifier) da MD Level, kowannensu an saita shi tare da MEPID na musamman a cikin wancan matakin MAID da MD, kuma duk an saita su tare da cikakken jerin MEPIDs.” - Ƙungiyar Ƙarshen Ƙarshen (MEP)
Makiyoyi a gefen yankin, ayyana iyaka don yankin. MEP yana aikawa da karɓar firam ɗin CFM ta hanyar aikin relay, yana sauke duk firam ɗin CFM na matakinsa ko ƙananan waɗanda suka fito daga gefen waya. - Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Yankin Maintenance (MIP)
Alamun ciki zuwa yanki, ba a kan iyaka ba. Firam ɗin CFM da aka karɓa daga MEPs da sauran MIPs ana tsara su kuma ana tura su, an dakatar da duk firam ɗin CFM a ƙaramin matakin kuma ana sauke su. MIPs maki ne masu wuce gona da iri, suna amsawa kawai lokacin da hanyar CFM ta haifar da saƙon madauki.
Hanyoyin ciniki na CFM
IEEE 802.1ag Ethernet CFM (Haɗin Kuskuren Gudanarwa) ladabi sun ƙunshi ladabi guda uku. Su ne:
- Tabbatar da Ci gaba (CCP)
Sakon Duba Ci gaba (CCM) yana ba da hanyar gano gazawar haɗin kai a cikin MA. CCMs saƙonnin multicast ne. An keɓe CCMs zuwa yanki (MD). Waɗannan saƙon ba su kai tsaye ba kuma ba sa neman amsa. Kowane MEP yana aika saƙon Ci gaba da Dubawa na multicast lokaci-lokaci zuwa ga sauran MEPs. - Hanyar haɗi (LT)
Saƙonnin Haɗi na Trace wanda aka sani da Mac Trace Route firam ɗin Multicast ne waɗanda MEP ke watsawa don bin hanyar (hop-by-hop) zuwa MEP manufa wanda yayi kama da ra'ayi ga User Da.tagHanyar Rago Protocol (UDP). Kowane MEP mai karɓar MEP yana aika Amsa Hanyar Hannu kai tsaye zuwa Asalin MEP, kuma yana sabunta Saƙon Hanyar Hanya. - Madauki (LB)
Saƙonnin madauki in ba haka ba aka sani da MAC ping firam ɗin Unicast ne waɗanda MEP ke watsawa, suna kama da ra'ayi da saƙon Saƙon Saƙon Intanet (ICMP) Echo (Ping), aika Loopback zuwa MIPs masu zuwa na iya tantance wurin da laifi yake. Aika babban ƙarar Saƙonnin Loopback na iya gwada bandwidth, aminci, ko jitter na sabis, wanda yayi kama da ping ping. MEP na iya aika madauki zuwa kowane MEP ko MIP a cikin sabis ɗin. Ba kamar CCMs ba, saƙon madauki yana farawa kuma yana tsayawa.
Iyakokin aiwatarwa
Aiwatar da halin yanzu baya goyan bayan Matsakaicin Matsakaicin yankin Maintenance (MIP), Up-MEP, Link Trace (LT), da Loop-back (LB).
Kanfigareshan
TsohonampAna nuna cikakken tsarin CFM na cikakken tari a ƙasa:
Ƙaddamar da sigogi na duniya
Ma'anar kalmar cfm duniya matakin cli shine:
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Tsohonample an nuna a kasa:
Saita sigogin yanki
Ma'anar jumla don umarnin CLI yankin cfm shine:
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Exampda:
Kanfigareshan sigogin Sabis
Ma'anar jumla don umarnin matakin sabis na cfm shine:
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Exampda:
Saita sigogin MEP
Ma'anar kalmar cfm mep matakin cli shine kamar haka:
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Exampda:
Nuna Matsayi
Tsarin 'show cfm' umurnin CLI yana kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa:
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Exampda:
Takardu / Albarkatu
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Kanfigareshan Gudanar da Laifin Haɗin MICROCHIP [pdf] Jagorar mai amfani Kanfigareshan Gudanar da Laifin Haɗuwa, Gudanar da Laifin Haɗuwa, Kanfigareshan |
