UQhagamshelwano lwe-MICROCHIP Uqwalaselo loLawulo lweNgcaciso

Ulwazi lweMveliso

I-CFM Configuration Guide luxwebhu oluchaza indlela yokuseta iFault Management Fault Management (CFM) iimpawu zothungelwano. I-CFM ichazwa ngumgangatho we-IEEE 802.1ag kwaye ibonelela ngeeprothokholi kunye nezenzo ze-OAM (Imisebenzi, uLawulo, kunye noLondolozo) kwiindlela ezihamba ngeebhulorho kunye ne-LANs ze-802.1. Isikhokelo sibonelela ngeenkcazo kunye neenkcazo zemimandla yokugcina, imibutho, amanqaku okugqibela, kunye namanqaku aphakathi. Ikwachaza iiprothokholi ezintathu zeCFM: iProtocol yokuQhubeleka, iTrace yekhonkco, kunye neLoopback.

Imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa kwemveliso

1. Funda i CFM Configuration Guide ngocoselelo ukuqonda indlela ukuseta iimpawu CFM.
2. Qwalasela imimandla yogcino ngamagama kunye namanqanaba ngokwexabiso elicetyiswayo. Imimandla yabathengi kufuneka ibe yeyona inkulu (umz., 7), imimandla yababoneleli kufuneka ibe phakathi (umz., 3), kunye neendawo zabaqhubi kufuneka zibe zincinci (umz., 1).
3. Chaza imibutho yokulondolozwa njengeseti ze-MEP ezilungiselelwe nge-MAID efanayo (Isichongi soMbutho woLondolozo) kunye nenqanaba le-MD. I-MEP nganye kufuneka iqwalaselwe nge-MEPID eyodwa ngaphakathi kwelo nqanaba le-MAID kunye ne-MD, kwaye zonke ii-MEPs kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kunye noluhlu olupheleleyo lwe-MEPID.
4. Misela iindawo zokuphela kombutho wolondolozo (MEPs) kumda wedomeyini ukuze uchaze umda wesizinda. Ii-MEPs kufuneka zithumele kwaye zifumane izakhelo zeCFM ngomsebenzi wokhutshelo kwaye ziwise zonke izakhelo zeCFM zomgangatho wayo okanye ezisezantsi ezivela kwicala lengcingo.
5. Qwalasela ugcino lwe-domain intermediate points (MIPs) ngaphakathi kwi-domain kodwa hayi kumda. CFM izakhelo ezifunyenwe MEPs kunye nezinye MIPs kufuneka ikhathalogu kwaye idluliselwe, ngelixa zonke izakhelo CFM kwinqanaba elisezantsi kufuneka zimiswe kwaye ziwiswe. Ii-MIP ngamanqaku okwenziwa kwaye ziphendula kuphela xa ziphenjelelwa ngumzila we-CFM wokulandela kunye nemiyalezo ye-loop-back.
6. Cwangcisa iProtokholi yokuQhubela ukuQwalasela (CCP) ngokusasaza iMiyalezo yokuQhuba ngokuQhubelayo ngamaxesha amaninzi (CCMs) ngaphakathi ukuya kwezinye ii-MEPs ukubona ukusilela koqhagamshelwano kwi-MA.
7. Qwalasela imiyalezo ye-Link Trace (LT), ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-Mac Trace Route, ezizizakhelo ezininzi ezithunyelwa yi-MEP ukuze zilandele indlela (hop-by-hop) ukuya kwindawo ye-MEP. I-MEP nganye eyamkelayo kufuneka ithumele i-Trace Route Reply ngqo kwi-Origining MEP kwaye iphinde ivelise kwakhona i-Trace Route Message.
8. Qinisekisa ukuba ulandela yonke eminye imiyalelo kunye nemigaqo enikwe kwi CFM Configuration Guide for setup ngempumelelo iimpawu CFM.

Intshayelelo

Olu xwebhu luchaza indlela yokuseta iFault Management Fault Management (CFM) iimpawu. Uqhagamshelwano loLawulo lweFaultity luchazwa ngumgangatho we-IEEE 802.1ag. Ichaza iiprotocol kunye nezenzo ze-OAM (iMisebenzi, uLawulo, kunye noLondolozo) kwiindlela ngeebhulorho ze-802.1 kunye neenethiwekhi zendawo zendawo (LANs). I-IEEE 802.1ag ubukhulu becala iyafana ne-ITU-T Recommendation Y.1731, ejongene nokujongwa kokusebenza.

IEEE 802.1ag
Ichaza imimandla yogcino, iindawo zazo zokugcina, kunye nezinto ezilawulwayo ezifunekayo ukuze zenze kwaye zilawule. iziphene zoqhagamshelo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokulondolozwa;

Iingcaciso

• Ummandla woLondolozo (MD)
  Ugcino lweDomains yindawo yolawulo kuthungelwano. I-MDs iqulunqwe ngamaGama kunye namaNqanaba, apho amanqanaba asibhozo avela kwi-0 ukuya kwi-7. Ubudlelwane be-hierarchical bukhona phakathi kwemimandla esekelwe kumanqanaba. I-domain enkulu, iphezulu ixabiso lezinga. Amaxabiso acetyiswayo amanqanaba alandelayo: I-Domain yoMthengi: Enkulu (umz., 7) i-Domain yoMboneleli: Phakathi (umz., 3) I-Operator Domain: Incinci (umz., 1)
• Umbutho woLondolozo (MA)
  Ichazwa njenge "iseti yee-MEPs, zonke ziqwalaselwe kunye ne-MAID efanayo (Isazisi soMbutho woLondolozo) kunye neNqanaba le-MD, ngalinye liqwalaselwe nge-MEPID ekhethekileyo ngaphakathi kweNqanaba le-MAID kunye ne-MD, kwaye zonke ziqwalaselwe uluhlu olupheleleyo lwee-MEDIDs.”
• Indawo yokuphela kombutho wesondlo (MEP)
  Amanqaku kumda we-domain, chaza umda we-domain. A MEP ithumela kwaye ifumana CFM izakhelo ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi relay, iwisa zonke izakhelo CFM kwinqanaba layo okanye ezantsi evela kwicala ucingo.
• Indawo yoLondolozo kwindawo ePhakathi (MIP)
  Ukhomba ngaphakathi kwidomeyini, hayi kumda. Izakhelo zeCFM ezifunyenwe kwi-MEPs kunye nezinye ii-MIP zifakwe kwikhathalogu kwaye zigqithiselwe, zonke izakhelo zeCFM kwinqanaba elisezantsi ziyamiswa kwaye ziwiswe. Ii-MIP ngamanqaku okwenziwa, ziphendula kuphela xa ziphenjelelwa ngumzila we-CFM wokulandela kunye nemiyalezo ye-loop-back.

IiProthokholi zeCFM
Iiprothokholi ze-IEEE 802.1ag Ethernet CFM (uLawulo lweFaultity yoQhagamshelwano) ziquka iiprothokholi ezintathu. Bazi:

• IProtokholi yokuQhubeleka (CCP)
  Umyalezo oqhubekayo wokuHlola (CCM) ubonelela ngeendlela zokubona ukungaphumeleli koqhagamshelwano kwi-MA. I-CCMs yimiyalezo esasazwa ngeendlela ezininzi. IiCCMs zivalelwe kwidomeyini (MD). Le miyalezo ayibhekiseli kwelinye icala kwaye ayiceli mpendulo. I-MEP nganye ithumela i-multicast ngamaxesha athile ukuQwalasela uMyalezo woQoqosho ngaphakathi ukuya kwezinye ii-MEPs.
• Ikhonkco lokulandela (LT)
  Imiyalezo ye-Link Trace eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Mac Trace Route zizakhelo ezininzi ezihanjiswa yi-MEP ukulandelela indlela (hop-by-hop) ukuya kwindawo ye-MEP efanayo ngengqiqo kuMsebenzisi Da.tagram Protocol (UDP) Trace Route. I-MEP nganye eyamkelayo ithumela i-Trace Route Reply ngqo kwi-Origining MEP, kwaye iphinda ihlaziye uMyalezo weNdlela yokuTreyida.
• Ukubuyela umva (LB)
  Imiyalezo ye-Loop-back eyaziwa ngokuba yi-MAC ping zizakhelo ze-Unicast ezihanjiswa yi-MEP, ziyafana ngengqiqo kwi-Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo (Ping) imiyalezo, ukuthumela iLoopback kwii-MIP ezilandelelanayo kunokugqiba indawo yempazamo. Ukuthumela umthamo ophezulu weMiyalezo yeLoopback kunokuvavanya i-bandwidth, ukuthembeka, okanye i-jitter yenkonzo, efana ne-ping ping. I-MEP ingathumela iLoopback kuyo nayiphi na i-MEP okanye i-MIP kwinkonzo. Ngokungafaniyo nee-CCMs, imiyalezo ye-Loop emva iqaliswa ngokolawulo kwaye iyekwe.

Imida yokuphunyezwa
Ukuphunyezwa kwangoku akuxhasi i-domain Maintenance Point Intermediate Point (MIP), Up-MEP, Link Trace (LT), kunye neLoop-back (LB).

Uqwalaselo

Umdalaampuqwalaselo lwesipaki esipheleleyo seCFM luboniswe ngezantsi:

Uqwalaselo lweeparamitha zehlabathi
Isivakalisi se-cfm senqanaba lehlabathi lomyalelo wecli ngu:

Apho:

Umdalaample iboniswe ngezantsi:

Uqwalaselo lweeparamitha zeDomain
Isivakalisi se-cfm sedomeyini yomyalelo we-CLI ngulo:

Apho:

Example:

Uqwalaselo lweeparamitha zeNkonzo
Isivakalisi somyalelo womgangatho wenkonzo ye-cfm ngulo:

Apho:

Example:

Uqwalaselo lweeparamitha ze-MEP
Isivakalisi se-cfm mep level cli command simi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Apho:

Example:

Bonisa ubume
Ubume bomyalelo we-'show cfm' CLI njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi:

Apho:

Example:

Amaxwebhu / Izibonelelo

UQhagamshelwano lwe-MICROCHIP Uqwalaselo loLawulo lweNgcaciso [pdf] Isikhokelo somsebenzisi UQhagamshelwano lokuLawula iFault Configuration, uQhagamshelwano loLawulo lweempazamo, uLungiselelo

Iimbekiselo

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