MICROCHIP Connectivity Fault Management Configuration

Zambiri Zamalonda

CFM Configuration Guide ndi chikalata chomwe chimafotokoza momwe mungakhazikitsire mawonekedwe a Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) pamanetiweki. CFM imatanthauzidwa ndi muyezo wa IEEE 802.1ag ndipo imapereka ndondomeko ndi machitidwe a OAM (Ntchito, Utsogoleri, ndi Kusamalira) panjira zodutsa milatho 802.1 ndi ma LAN. Bukuli limapereka matanthauzo ndi mafotokozedwe a madera okonza, mayanjano, mapeto, ndi mfundo zapakatikati. Ikufotokozanso ma protocol atatu a CFM: Continuity Check Protocol, Link Trace, ndi Loopback.

Malangizo Ogwiritsira Ntchito Zogulitsa

1. Werengani CFM Configuration Guide mosamala kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungakhazikitsire mawonekedwe a CFM.
2. Konzani madera okonza okhala ndi mayina ndi milingo molingana ndi milingo yovomerezeka. Madomeni amakasitomala akuyenera kukhala akulu kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, 7), madomeni operekera ayenera kukhala pakati (mwachitsanzo, 3), ndipo madera ogwiritsira ntchito akuyenera kukhala ang'onoang'ono (mwachitsanzo, 1).
3. Tanthauzirani mayanjano osamalira ngati magulu a MEP opangidwa ndi MAID (Maintenance Association Identifier) ​​omwewo ndi mulingo wa MD. MEP iliyonse iyenera kukonzedwa ndi MEPID yapadera mkati mwa mlingo wa MAID ndi MD, ndipo ma MEP onse ayenera kukonzedwa ndi mndandanda wathunthu wa MEPID.
4. Khazikitsani mfundo zomaliza zamaintainance association (MEPs) m'mphepete mwa derali kuti mufotokoze malire a derali. Ma MEP ayenera kutumiza ndi kulandira mafelemu a CFM kudzera mu ntchito yotumizirana mauthenga ndikugwetsa mafelemu onse a CFM a mulingo wake kapena kutsika omwe amachokera mbali ya waya.
5. Konzani malo okonza malo apakati (MIPs) mkati mwa domain koma osati pamalire. Mafelemu a CFM olandiridwa kuchokera ku MEPs ndi ma MIP ena akuyenera kusanjidwa ndi kutumizidwa, pomwe mafelemu onse a CFM otsika ayenera kuyimitsidwa ndikugwetsedwa. Ma MIP ndi malo ongolankhula ndipo amangoyankha pokhapokha atayambitsidwa ndi njira ya CFM komanso mauthenga obwereza.
6. Khazikitsani Continuity Check Protocol (CCP) potumiza mauthenga opitilira muyeso (CCMs) mkati mwa ma MEP ena kuti muwone kulephera kwa kulumikizana mu MA.
7. Konzani mauthenga a Link Trace (LT), omwe amadziwikanso kuti Mac Trace Route, omwe ndi mafelemu owulutsa mosiyanasiyana omwe MEP amatumiza kuti azitsata njira (hop-by-hop) kupita komwe mukupita ku MEP. Aliyense wolandira MEP akuyenera kutumiza Trace Route Reply molunjika ku Originating MEP ndi kupanganso Uthenga wa Trace Route.
8. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira malangizo ndi ndondomeko zina zonse zomwe zaperekedwa mu CFM Configuration Guide kuti mukhazikitse bwino mbali za CFM.

Mawu Oyamba

Chikalatachi chikufotokoza momwe mungakhazikitsire mawonekedwe a Connectivity Fault Management (CFM). Connectivity Fault Management imatanthauzidwa ndi muyezo wa IEEE 802.1ag. Imatanthauzira ndondomeko ndi machitidwe a OAM (Ntchito, Utsogoleri, ndi Maintenance) panjira zodutsa milatho ya 802.1 ndi ma network amderali (LANs). IEEE 802.1ag ndi yofanana kwambiri ndi ITU-T Recommendation Y.1731, yomwe imayang'aniranso kuyang'anira momwe ntchito ikuyendera.

IEEE 802.1ag
Kutanthawuza madera okonza, malo awo osungiramo zinthu, ndi zinthu zomwe zimayendetsedwa zomwe zimafunikira kuti zipangidwe ndi kuziyang'anira Kumatanthawuza mgwirizano pakati pa madera osamalira ndi ntchito zoperekedwa ndi VLAN-aware milatho ndi milatho yopereka Kufotokozera ndondomeko ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi malo osungiramo zinthu kuti zisungidwe ndikuzindikira zolakwika za kugwirizana mkati mwa malo okonza;

Matanthauzo

• Maintenance Domain (MD)
  Maintenance Domains ndi malo oyang'anira pa netiweki. Ma MD amakonzedwa ndi Mayina ndi Ma Level, pomwe magawo asanu ndi atatu amachokera ku 0 mpaka 7. Ubale waulamuliro umakhalapo pakati pa madera otengera milingo. Kukula kwa dera, kumapangitsanso kuchuluka kwa mtengo. Miyezo yolangizidwa ya magawo ndi motere: Domeni ya Makasitomala: Yaikulu kwambiri (monga, 7) Domain Yopereka: Pakati (monga, 3) Domain ya Oyendetsa: Yaing'ono Kwambiri (monga, 1)
• Maintenance Association (MA)
  Amatanthauzidwa ngati "gulu la MEPs, zonse zomwe zimakonzedwa ndi MAID (Maintenance Association Identifier) ​​ndi MD Level, iliyonse yomwe imapangidwa ndi MEPID yapadera mkati mwa MAID ndi MD Level, ndipo zonsezi zimakonzedwa ndi mndandanda wathunthu wa MEPID.
• Maintenance Association End Point (MEP)
  Mfundo za m'mphepete mwa domain, fotokozani malire a domain. A MEP imatumiza ndi kulandira mafelemu a CFM kudzera mu ntchito yopatsirana, imagwetsa mafelemu onse a CFM a mulingo wake kapena kutsitsa omwe amachokera mbali ya waya.
• Maintenance domain Intermediate Point (MIP)
  Amaloza mkati mwa dera, osati malire. Mafelemu a CFM olandiridwa kuchokera ku MEPs ndi ma MIP ena amasanjidwa ndikutumizidwa, mafelemu onse a CFM otsika amayimitsidwa ndikugwetsedwa. Ma MIP ndi malo ongolankhula, amayankha pokhapokha atayambitsidwa ndi njira ya CFM ndi mauthenga obwereza.

CFM Protocol
Ma protocol a IEEE 802.1ag Ethernet CFM (Connectivity Fault Management) amakhala ndi ma protocol atatu. Ali:

• Continuity Check Protocol (CCP)
  The Continuity Check Message (CCM) imapereka njira yodziwira kulephera kwa kulumikizana mu MA. Ma CCM ndi mauthenga ambiri. Ma CCM ali ndi domain (MD). Mauthengawa ndi amtundu uliwonse ndipo sapempha mayankho. MEP iliyonse imatumiza uthenga wopitilira muyeso wanthawi ndi nthawi kupita ku ma MEP ena.
• Link Trace (LT)
  Mauthenga a Link Trace omwe amadziwikanso kuti Mac Trace Route ndi mafelemu a Multicast omwe MEP amatumiza kuti azitsata njira (hop-by-hop) kupita ku MEP komwe kuli kofanana ndi User Da.tagRam Protocol (UDP) Trace Route. Aliyense wolandira MEP amatumiza Trace Route Reply molunjika ku Originating MEP, ndi kukonzanso Uthenga wa Trace Route.
• Loop-back (LB)
  Mauthenga a Loop-back omwe amadziwikanso kuti MAC ping ndi mafelemu a Unicast omwe MEP amatumiza, ali ofanana ndi mauthenga a Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo (Ping), kutumiza Loopback ku MIPs motsatizana akhoza kudziwa malo a cholakwika. Kutumiza mauthenga ochuluka a Loopback Messages kungayese bandwidth, kudalirika, kapena jitter ya ntchito, zomwe zimafanana ndi kusefukira kwa madzi. MEP imatha kutumiza Loopback ku MEP kapena MIP iliyonse muutumiki. Mosiyana ndi ma CCM, mauthenga a Loop kumbuyo amayambitsidwa ndikuyimitsidwa.

Zolepheretsa kukhazikitsa
Zomwe zikuchitika pano sizigwirizana ndi Maintenance domain Intermediate Point (MIP), Up-MEP, Link Trace (LT), ndi Loop-back (LB).

Kusintha

Wakaleample la masinthidwe athunthu a CFM akuwonetsedwa pansipa:

Kukonzekera kwa magawo apadziko lonse lapansi
Syntax ya cfm global level cli command ndi:

Kumene:

Wakaleample akuwonetsedwa pansipa:

Kukonzekera kwa magawo a Domain
Syntax ya cfm domain CLI command ndi:

Kumene:

ExampLe:

Kukonzekera kwa magawo a Service
Syntax ya cfm service level cli command ndi:

Kumene:

ExampLe:

Kusintha kwa magawo a MEP
Mawu a cfm mep level cli command ali motere:

Kumene:

ExampLe:

Onetsani Mkhalidwe
Mawonekedwe a lamulo la 'show cfm' CLI ali motere:

Kumene:

ExampLe:

Zolemba / Zothandizira

MICROCHIP Connectivity Fault Management Configuration [pdf] Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito Kulumikizana Kolakwika Kasamalidwe, Kuwongolera Zolakwa Zolumikizana, Kukonzekera

Maumboni

• Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito