I-Microsemi SmartDesign MSS Embedded Nonvolatile Memory (eNVM)
Isingeniso
I-MSS Embedded Nonvolatile Memory (eNVM) configurator ikuvumela ukuthi udale izifunda ezihlukahlukene zememori (amaklayenti) ezidinga ukuhlelwa ku-eNVM yedivayisi ye-SmartFusion.
Kulo mbhalo sichaza ngemininingwane ukuthi ungamisa kanjani i(ama-eNVM block). Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe nge-eNVM, sicela ubheke Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi we-Actel SmartFusion Microcontroller Subsystem.
Ulwazi Olubalulekile Mayelana Namakhasi Womsebenzisi we-eNVM
I-MSS configurator isebenzisa inombolo ethile yamakhasi e-eNVM yomsebenzisi ukugcina ukucushwa kwe-MSS. Lawa makhasi atholakala phezulu kwesikhala sekheli le-eNVM. Inani lamakhasi liyahlukahluka ngokusekelwe ekucushweni kwakho kwe-MSS (ACE, GPIOs kanye ne-eNVM Init Clients). Ikhodi yakho yohlelo lokusebenza akufanele ibhale kulawa makhasi omsebenzisi njengoba izodala ukwehluleka kwesikhathi sokusebenza komklamo wakho. Qaphela futhi ukuthi uma lawa makhasi onakaliswe ngephutha, ingxenye ngeke iqale futhi izodinga ukuphinda ihlelwe kabusha.
Ikheli lokuqala 'eligciniwe' lingabalwa ngendlela elandelayo. Ngemva kokuthi i-MSS yenziwe ngempumelelo, vula isihleli se-eNVM bese ubhala inombolo yamakhasi atholakalayo aboniswe eqenjini Lezibalo Zokusetshenziswa ekhasini eliyinhloko. Ikheli lokuqala eligodliwe lichazwa ngokuthi:
first_reserved_address = 0x60000000 + (available_pages * 128)
Ukudala kanye nokulungiselela amaklayenti
Ukudala Amakhasimende
Ikhasi eliyinhloko le-eNVM configurator likwenza ukwazi ukwengeza amaklayenti ahlukahlukene kubhulokhi yakho ye-eNVM. Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zamaklayenti ezitholakalayo:
- Iklayenti Lokugcinwa Kwedatha - Sebenzisa iklayenti lokulondoloza idatha ukuze uchaze isifunda sememori evamile kubhulokhi ye-eNVM. Lesi sifunda singasetshenziselwa ukubamba ikhodi yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza nanoma yikuphi okunye okuqukethwe kwedatha okungase kudingwe uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
- Iklayenti lokuqalisa - Sebenzisa iklayenti lokuqalisa ukuze uchaze indawo yememori okudingeka ikopishwe ngesikhathi sokuqalisa isistimu endaweni ecacisiwe yekheli le-Cortex-M3.
Igridi eyinhloko iphinda ibonise izici zanoma yimaphi amaklayenti amisiwe. Lezi zici yilezi:
- Uhlobo Lweklayenti - Uhlobo lweklayenti elengezwe ohlelweni
- Igama Leklayenti - Igama leklayenti. Kufanele ihluke ohlelweni lonkana.
- Ikheli Lokuqala - Ikheli ku-hex lapho iklayenti litholakala ku-eNVM. Kufanele ibe semngceleni wekhasi. Awekho amakheli agqagqene phakathi kwamaklayenti ahlukene avunyelwe.
- Usayizi Wegama - Usayizi wegama weklayenti ngamabhithi
- Ukuqala Kwekhasi - Ikhasi lapho ikheli lokuqala liqala khona.
- Ukuphela Kwekhasi - Ikhasi lapho indawo yenkumbulo yeklayenti egcina khona. Ibalwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokusekelwe ekhelini lokuqala, usayizi wegama, kanye nenani lamagama eklayenti.
- I-oda Lokuqalisa - Le nkambu ayisetshenziswa i-SmartFusion eNVM configurator.
- Khiya Ikheli Lokuqala - Cacisa le nketho uma ungafuni ukuthi isihleli se-eNVM siguqule ikheli lakho lokuqala lapho uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Lungiselela".
Izibalo zokusetshenziswa nazo ziyabikwa:
- Amakhasi Atholakalayo - Isamba senani lamakhasi atholakalayo ukuze kudalwe amaklayenti. Inani lamakhasi atholakalayo liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi i-MSS iyonke imiswa kanjani. Isibonelo, ukucushwa kwe-ACE kuthatha amakhasi omsebenzisi lapho idatha yokuqalisa i-ACE ihlelwe ku-eNVM.
- Amakhasi Asetshenzisiwe - Isamba senani lamakhasi asetshenziswa amaklayenti amisiwe.
- Amakhasi Amahhala - Isamba senani lamakhasi asatholakalayo ukuze kulungiselelwe ukugcinwa kwedatha namaklayenti okuqalisa.
Sebenzisa isici esithi Lungiselela ukuze uxazulule izingxabano kumakheli ayisisekelo agqagqene amaklayenti. Lokhu kusebenza ngeke kuguqule amakheli ayisisekelo kunoma yimaphi amaklayenti anekheli Lokuqala Lokhiya elihloliwe (njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1-1).
Ilungiselela Iklayenti Lokugcina Idatha
Engxoxweni Yokucushwa Kweklayenti udinga ukucacisa amanani abhalwe ngezansi.
Incazelo yokuqukethwe kwe-eNVM
- Okuqukethwe - Cacisa okuqukethwe kwememori ofuna ukukuhlela ku-eNVM. Ungakhetha eyodwa kwezimbili ezilandelayo:
- Inkumbulo File – Udinga ukukhetha a file kudiski efana nenkumbulo eyodwa kwezilandelayo file amafomethi – Intel-Hex, Motorola-S, Actel-S noma Actel-Binary. Bheka “Inkumbulo File Amafomethi” ekhasini 9 ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.
- Akukho okuqukethwe - Iklayenti liyisimeli. Uzotholakala ukuze ulayishe inkumbulo file usebenzisa i-FlashPro/FlashPoint ngesikhathi sokuhlela ngaphandle kokuthi ubuyele kulesi sihleli.
- Sebenzisa ikheli eliphelele - Ivumela okuqukethwe kwememori file sho ukuthi iklayenti libekwe kuphi kubhulokhi ye-eNVM. Ikheli kokuqukethwe kwememori file ngoba iklayenti liba ngokuphelele kulo lonke ibhulokhi ye-eNVM. Uma usukhethe ukhetho oluphelele lwamakheli, isofthiwe ikhipha ikheli elincane kunawo wonke kokuqukethwe yinkumbulo file futhi isebenzisa lelo kheli njengekheli lokuqala leklayenti.
- Ikheli Lokuqala - Ikheli le-eNVM lapho okuqukethwe kuhlelwe khona.
- Ubukhulu beZwi - Usayizi wegama, ngamabhithi, weklayenti eliqalisiwe; kungaba 8, 16 noma 32.
- Inombolo yamagama - Inombolo yamagama eklayenti.
JTAG Ukuvikelwa
Ivimbela ukufunda nokubhala kokuqukethwe kwe-eNVM okuvela ku-JTAG itheku. Lesi isici sokuphepha sekhodi yohlelo lokusebenza (Umfanekiso 1-2).
Ilungiselela Iklayenti Lokuqalisa
Kuleli klayenti, okuqukethwe kwe-eNVM kanye ne-JTAG ulwazi lokuvikela luyafana nalolo oluchazwe kokuthi “Ukulungiselela Iklayenti Lokugcina Idatha” ekhasini lesi-6.
Ulwazi Lwendawo
- Ikheli okuqondiwe - Ikheli lesici sakho sesitoreji ngokuya ngemephu yememori yohlelo lwe-Cortex-M3. Izifunda ezithile zemephu yememori yohlelo azivunyelwe ukuthi zicaciswe kuleli klayenti ngoba ziqukethe amabhulokhi esistimu abekiwe. Ithuluzi likwazisa ngezifunda ezisemthethweni zeklayenti lakho.
- Usayizi wokwenziwe - Usayizi (8, 16 noma 32) we-APB uyadluliswa lapho idatha ikopishwa isuka endaweni yenkumbulo ye-eNVM iye endaweni okuqondiwe kuyo ngekhodi yokuqalisa yesistimu ye-Actel.
- Inombolo yokubhala - Inombolo yokudluliswa kwe-APB uma idatha ikopishwa isuka endaweni yenkumbulo ye-eNVM iyiswa endaweni eqondiwe ngekhodi yokuqalisa yesistimu ye-Actel. Le nkambu ibalwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ithuluzi ngokusekelwe kulwazi lokuqukethwe kwe-eNVM (usayizi nenani lamagama) kanye nosayizi womsebenzi wendawo (njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1-3).
Inkumbulo File Amafomethi
Inkumbulo elandelayo file amafomethi ayatholakala njengokufakwayo files ku-eNVM Configurator:
- I-INTEL-HEX
- MOTOROLA S-rekhoda
- I-Actel BINARY
- I-ACTEL-HEX
I-INTEL-HEX
Izinga lemboni file. Izandiso yi-HEX ne-IHX. Okwesiboneloample, file2.hex noma file3.ihx.
Ifomethi ejwayelekile edalwe yi-Intel. Okuqukethwe yinkumbulo kugcinwa ku-ASCII files usebenzisa izinhlamvu ze-hexadecimal. Ngamunye file iqukethe uchungechunge lwamarekhodi (imigqa yombhalo) ehlukaniswa ngomugqa omusha, '\n', izinhlamvu futhi irekhodi ngalinye liqala ngohlamvu oluthi ':'. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nalesi sakhiwo, bheka idokhumenti ye-Intel-Hex Record Format Specification etholakala ku web (sesha i-Intel Hexadecimal Object File kwabaningi exampkancane).
I-Intel Hex Record yakhiwe izinkambu ezinhlanu futhi ihlelwe kanje:
:llaaaatt[dd...]cc
Kuphi:
- : ikhodi yokuqala yawo wonke amarekhodi e-Intel Hex
- ll isibalo sebhayithi senkambu yedatha
- aaaa ikheli le-16-bit lokuqala kwendawo yememori yedatha. Ikheli likhulu endian.
- i-tt iwuhlobo lwerekhodi, ichaza inkambu yedatha:
- 00 irekhodi ledatha
- 01 ekupheleni file irekhodi
- 02 irekhodi lekheli lesegimenti enwetshiwe
- 03 qala irekhodi lekheli lengxenye (inganakwa ngamathuluzi e-Actel)
- 04 irekhodi elinwetshiwe lekheli lomugqa
- 05 qala irekhodi lekheli lomugqa (akunakwa ngamathuluzi e-Actel)
- [dd...] iwukulandelana kwamabhayithi n wedatha; n ilingana nalokho okushiwo ku-ll field
- cc iwukuhlola ukubala, ikheli, kanye nedatha
ExampI-Intel Hex Record:
:10000000112233445566778899FFFA
Lapho u-11 eyi-LSB futhi i-FF yi-MSB.
MOTOROLA S-rekhoda
Izinga lemboni file. File isandiso ngu-S, njenge file4.s
Le fomethi isebenzisa i-ASCII files, izinhlamvu ze-hex, namarekhodi ukuze ucacise okuqukethwe kwememori ngendlela efanayo ne-Intel-Hex eyenza ngayo. Bheka idokhumenti yencazelo yerekhodi le-Motorola S ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngale fomethi (sesha incazelo yerekhodi le-Motorola S ukuze uthole ama-ex ambalwa.ampkancane). Umphathi Wokuqukethwe we-RAM usebenzisa kuphela izinhlobo zerekhodi ze-S1 kuya ku-S3; abanye abanakwa.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-Intel-Hex ne-Motorola S-record amafomethi okurekhoda, nezinye izici zokuhlola iphutha ezengeziwe ezifakwe ku-Motorola S.
Kuwo womabili amafomethi, okuqukethwe kwimemori kushiwo ngokunikeza ikheli lokuqala nesethi yedatha. Izingcezu eziphezulu zesethi yedatha zilayishwa ekhelini lokuqala futhi okusele kuphuphuma kumakheli aseduze kuze kube yilapho yonke isethi yedatha isisetshenzisiwe.
I-Motorola S-rekhoda yakhiwe ngezinkambu eziyisi-6 futhi ihlelwe kanje:
Hlalani[dd...]cc
Kuphi:
- I-S iyikhodi yokuqala yawo wonke amarekhodi e-Motorola S
- t iwuhlobo lwerekhodi, ichaza inkambu yedatha
- ll isibalo sebhayithi senkambu yedatha
- aaaa ikheli le-16-bit lokuqala kwendawo yememori yedatha. Ikheli likhulu endian.
- [dd...] iwukulandelana kwamabhayithi n wedatha; n ilingana nalokho okushiwo ku-ll field
- cc iyinani lokubala, ikheli, kanye nedatha
ExampI-Motorola S-Record:
S10a0000112233445566778899FFFA
Lapho u-11 eyi-LSB futhi i-FF yi-MSB.
U-Actel kanambambili
Ifomethi yememori elula kakhulu. Inkumbulo ngayinye file iqukethe imigqa eminingi njengoba kunamagama. Umugqa ngamunye igama elilodwa, lapho inani lamadijithi kanambambili lilingana nosayizi wegama ngamabhithi. Le fomethi ine-syntax eqinile kakhulu. Usayizi wegama nenani lemigqa kumele kuhambisane ncamashi. I file isandiso yi-MEM; okwesibample, file1.mem.
Example: Ukujula 6, Ububanzi bungu-8
01010011
11111111
01010101
11100010
10101010
11110000
I-Actel HEX
Ifomethi yokubhanqwa kwekheli/idatha elula. Wonke amakheli anokuqukethwe acacisiwe. Amakheli angenakho okuqukethwe okucacisiwe azoqalwa abe nguziro. I file Isandiso yi-AHX, njenge filex.ahx. Ifomethi ithi:
AA:D0D1D2
Lapho i-AA iyindawo yekheli ku-hex. I-D0 yi-MSB kanti i-D2 yi-LSB.
Usayizi wedatha kufanele uhambisane nosayizi wegama. Example: Ukujula 6, Ububanzi bungu-8
00:ff
01:ab
02: cd
03:Ef
04:12
05:BB
Wonke amanye amakheli azoba iziro.
Ukuhumusha Okuqukethwe Kwenkumbulo
I-Absolute vs. Inkulumo Ehlobene
Ekukhulumeni Okuhlobene, amakheli okuqukethwe kwimemori file ayizange inqume ukuthi iklayenti libekwe kuphi kumemori. Ucacisa indawo yeklayenti ngokufaka ikheli lokuqala. Lokhu kuba yikheli elingu-0 elisuka kokuqukethwe yinkumbulo file umbono futhi iklayenti ligcwaliswe ngokufanele.
Okwesiboneloample, uma sibeka iklayenti ku-0x80 kanye nokuqukethwe kwememori file imi kanje:
Ikheli: 0x0000 idatha: 0102030405060708
Address: 0x0008 data: 090A0B0C0D0E0F10
Khona-ke isethi yokuqala yamabhayithi yale datha ibhalwa ukuthi ibhekise ku-0x80 + 0000 kubhulokhi ye-eNVM. Iqoqo lesibili lamabhayithi libhalelwe ukubhekana no-0x80 + 0008 = 0x88, njalonjalo.
Ngakho amakheli okuqukethwe inkumbulo file zihlobene neklayenti ngokwalo. Lapho iklayenti libekwe khona kumemori kungokwesibili.
Ukuze uthole ikheli eliphelele, okuqukethwe kwememori file isho ukuthi iklayenti libekwe kuphi kubhulokhi ye-eNVM. Ngakho-ke ukukhuluma kokuqukethwe kwememori file ngoba iklayenti liba ngokuphelele kulo lonke ibhulokhi ye-eNVM. Uma usunike amandla inketho yamakheli aphelele, isofthiwe ikhipha ikheli elincane kunawo wonke kokuqukethwe yinkumbulo file futhi isebenzisa lelo kheli njengekheli lokuqala leklayenti.
Ukuhunyushwa Kwedatha Example
I-ex elandelayoampsibonisa ukuthi idatha ihunyushwa kanjani kumasayizi ahlukene wamagama:
Ngemininingwane enikeziwe: FF 11 EE 22 DD 33 CC 44 BB 55 (lapho u-55 eyi-MSB futhi i-FF iyi-LSB)
Ngosayizi wamagama we-32-bit:
0x22EE11FF (ikheli 0)
0x44CC33DD (ikheli 1)
0x000055BB (ikheli 2)
Ngosayizi wamagama we-16-bit:
0x11FF (ikheli 0)
0x22EE (ikheli 1)
0x33DD (ikheli 2)
0x44CC (ikheli 3)
0x55BB (ikheli 4)
Ngosayizi wamagama we-8-bit:
0xFF (ikheli 0)
0x11 (ikheli 1)
0xEE (ikheli 2)
0x22 (ikheli 3)
0xDD (ikheli 4)
0x33 (ikheli 5)
0xCC (ikheli 6)
0x44 (ikheli 7)
0xBB (ikheli 8)
0x55 (ikheli 9)
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I-Microsemi SmartDesign MSS Embedded Nonvolatile Memory (eNVM) [pdf] Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi I-SmartDesign MSS Eshumekiwe I-Nonvolatile Memory eNVM, i-SmartDesign MSS, I-Memory Nonvolatile Eshumekiwe i-eNVM, i-Memory eNVM |
