SILICON LABS Wireless M-BUS Ukuphunyezwa kweSoftware AN451 Isikhokelo somsebenzisi

Eli nqaku lesicelo lichaza ukuphunyezwa kweeLebhu zeSilicon ze-M-Bus ezingenazintambo usebenzisa i-Silicon Labs C8051 MCU kunye ne-EZRadioPRO®. I-Wireless M-bus nguMgangatho waseYurophu wosetyenziso lweemitha zokufunda imitha usebenzisa i-868 MHz frequency band.

Izayiko zokupakisha

I-Wireless M-Bus isebenzisa imodeli ye-IEC ye-3, eyi-subset ye-OSI ye-7-layer model (jonga umfanekiso 1).

Uluhlu lwePhysical (PHY) luchazwe kwi-EN 13757-4. Umaleko obonakalayo uchaza indlela iibits ezikhowudwa ngayo kwaye zisasazwe ngayo, iimpawu zemodem yeRF (ireyithi yechip, intshayelelo, kunye negama longqamaniso), kunye neeparamitha zeRF (umodareyitha, umvandedwa osembindini, kunye nokunxaxha kwamaza).
Uluhlu lwe-PHY luphunyezwa ngokusebenzisa indibaniselwano ye-hardware kunye ne-firmware. I-EZRadioPRO yenza yonke imisebenzi yeRF kunye nemodem. I-EZRadioPRO isetyenziswe kwimodi ye-FIFO kunye nomphathi wepakethi. Imodyuli ye-MbusPhy.c ibonelela nge-SPI interface, i-encoding / i-decoding, ibhloko yokufunda / ukubhala, kunye nokuphathwa kwepakethi kunye nokulawula i-transceiver states.
Umaleko wekhonkco leDatha yeM-Bus iphunyeziwe kwimodyuli ye-MbusLink.c. Ujongano lweNkqubo yeSicelo seM-Bus lunemisebenzi yoluntu enokuthi ibizwe kuluhlu lwesicelo kumsonto oyintloko. Imodyuli ye-MbusLink iphinda iphumeze iNqanaba leDatha. Umaleko wekhonkco weDatha uya kufomatha kwaye ukopishe idatha kwi-buffer ye-TX yesicelo kwi-buffer ye-MbusPhy TX, yongeza iiheader ezifunekayo kunye ne-CRCs.
Umaleko weSicelo ngokwawo awuyonxalenye ye-firmware ye-M-bus. Umaleko wesicelo uchaza ukuba uluhlu olubanzi lwedatha kufuneka lufomathwe njani ukuze lusasazeke. Uninzi lweemitha lufuna kuphela ukuhambisa uhlobo olunye okanye ezimbini zedatha. Ukongeza inani elikhulu lekhowudi ukulungiselela naluphi na uhlobo lwedatha kwimitha kuya kwongeza ikhowudi engadingekile kunye neendleko kwimitha. Kusenokuba nokwenzeka ukuphumeza ithala leencwadi okanye isihloko file ngoluhlu olupheleleyo lweentlobo zedatha. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabathengi bemitha bayazi kakuhle ukuba luhlobo luni lwedatha abayifunayo kwaye banokubhekisa kumgangatho weenkcukacha zokufomatha. Umfundi wehlabathi lonke okanye umjongi unokuphumeza iseti epheleleyo yosetyenziso lweentlobo zedatha kwi-PC GUI. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, umaleko wesicelo uphunyezwa kusetyenziswa i-example izicelo zemitha kunye nomfundi.

Imigangatho efunekayo

EN 13757-4
EN 13757-4
Inkqubo yonxibelelwano yeemitha kunye nokufunda okude kweemitha
Icandelo 4: Ukufundwa kweemitha ezingenazingcingo
Ukufundwa kweRadiometer ekusebenzeni kwi-868 MHz ukuya kwi-870 MHz SRD band
EN 13757-3
Inkqubo yonxibelelwano yeemitha kunye nokufunda okude kweemitha
Icandelo 3: Umaleko wesicelo ozinikeleyo

IEC 60870-2-1:1992
Telecontrol izixhobo kunye neenkqubo
Icandelo 5: Iiprothokholi zothumelo
Icandelo loku-1: Inkqubo yothumelo lwekhonkco
IEC 60870-1-1:1990
Telecontrol izixhobo kunye neenkqubo
Icandelo 5: Iiprothokholi zothumelo
Icandelo 1: Iifomathi zesakhelo sothumelo

Iingcaciso

M-Bus—I-M-Bus ngumgangatho owenziwe ngeentambo zokufunda imitha eYurophu.
Wireless M-Bus-I-M-Bus engenazingcingo yezicelo zokufunda imitha eYurophu.

PHY-I-Physical Layer ichaza indlela amasuntswana edatha kunye nee-byte ezikhowudwa ngayo kwaye zisasazwe ngayo.
API-Ujongano lweNkqubo yeSicelo.

LINK—ILayer yeDatha yeNxibelelwano ichaza ukuba iibhloko kunye nezakhelo zihanjiswa njani.
CRC—I-Cyclic Redundancy Check.

FSK-I-Frequency Shift Keying.
Itshiphu-Iyunithi encinci yedatha egqithisiweyo. Isuntswana ledatha enye ifakwe kwiikhowudi njengeetshiphusi ezininzi.

Imodyuli-Umthombo wekhowudi ye-AC .c file.

I-M-Bus PHY Inkcazo esebenzayo

Ulandelelwano lwentshayelelo

Ulandelelwano lwentshayelelo olucaciswe lubalulo lwe-M-bus linani elipheleleyo elitshintshanayo ngooziro kunye nemiye. I-A enye ichazwa njenge-frequency ephezulu, kwaye i-zero ichazwa njenge-frequency ephantsi.
nx (01)
Iinketho zentshayelelo ye-Si443x linani elipheleleyo lee-nibbles ezibandakanya ezitshintshanayo kunye no-zero.
nx (1010)
Intshayelelo enomnye okhokelayo eyongezelelweyo ayizukuba yingxaki, kodwa, ke, igama longqamaniso kunye nomthwalo wokuhlawula uya kulungelelaniswa ngentwana enye.
Isisombululo kukuguqula yonke ipakethe ngokuseta i-injini ye-injini kwirejista yoLawulo lwe-2 (0x71). Oku kuya kuguqula intshayelelo, igama le-sync, kunye nedatha ye-TX/RX. Ngenxa yoko, idatha kufuneka iguqulwe xa ubhala idatha ye-TX okanye ufunda idatha ye-RX. Kwakhona, igama longqamaniso liyaguqulwa phambi kokuba ubhalele kwiSi443x Iirejista zegama elithi Synchronization.

Ungqamaniso lweLizwi

Igama longqamaniso elifunwa yi-EN-13757-4 mhlawumbi i-chips ezili-18 ze-Mode S kunye ne-Mode R okanye i-chips ezili-10 ze-Model T. Igama longqamaniso lwe-Si443x yi-1 ukuya kwi-4 bytes. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni igama longqamaniso lihlala landulelwa yintshayelelo, amasuntswana amathandathu okugqibela entshayelelo anokuthathwa njengenxalenye yegama longqamaniso; Ngoko ke, igama lokuqala longqamaniso lidityaniswe ngophindaphindo oluthathu luka-zero lulandelwa ngolunye. Igama longqamaniso lincediswa phambi kokubhalela kwiirejista ze-Si443x.
Itheyibhile 1. Ungqamaniso lwegama leMowudi S kunye neModi R

EN 13757-4	00	01110110	10010110	yokubini
EN 13757-4	00	76	96	hex
iphedi nge (01) x 3	01010100	01110110	10010110	yokubini
iphedi nge (01) x 3	54	76	96	hex
umphelelisi	10101011	10001001	01101001	yokubini
umphelelisi	AB	89	69	hex

Itheyibhile 2. Ungqamaniso lwegama leMowudi T yemitha ukuya kwenye

SYNCH	SYNCH	SYNCH
ILIZWI	ILIZWI	ILIZWI
3	2	1

Dlulisa Ubude beNtshayelelo

Intshayelelo encinci ixelwa kwiindlela ezine ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Kwamkelekile ukuba nentshayelelo ende kunokuba ichaziwe. Ukuthabatha iitshiphusi ezintandathu kwintshayelelo kunika ubuncinci benani leetshiphusi ze-Si443x yokuqala. Ukuphunyezwa kongeza ii-nibbles ezimbini ezongezelelweyo ze-preamble kuzo zonke iindlela ze-preamble ezimfutshane ukuphucula ukubonwa kwangaphambili kunye nokusebenzisana. Ingabula-zigcawu kwiMowudi S enengabula-zigcawu ende inde kakhulu; ngoko ke, kusetyenziswe ubuncinci intshayelelo. Ubude bentshayelelo kwii-nibbles bubhalwe kwirejista yoBubude beNtshayelelo (0x34). Irejista yobude bentshayelelo imisela ingabula-zigcawu yothumelo kuphela. Ubuncinci bokucaciswa kunye neseto lobude bentshayelelo zishwankathelwa kwiThebhile yesi-3.
Uluhlu 3. Dlulisa Ubude beNtshayelelo

	EN-13757-4 ubuncinane		Si443x Intshayelelo Ukuseta		Ngqamanisa Ilizwi	Iyonke	eyongezelelweyo
	nx (01)	iitshiphusi	amabele	iitshiphusi	iitshiphusi	iitshiphusi	iitshiphusi
Imowudi S intshayelelo emfutshane	15	30	8	32	6	38	8
Imowudi S intshayelelo ende	279	558	138	552	6	558	0
Indlela T (imitha-enye)	19	38	10	40	6	46	8
Imowudi R	39	78	20	80	6	86	8

Ubuncinane bentshayelelo yolwamkelo imiselwa yirejista yoLawulo lokuFumana iNtshayelelo (0x35). Kulwamkelo, inani lamasuntswana kwigama elingqamaniso kufuneka litsalwe kwimbulambethe ekhankanyiweyo ekhankanyiweyo yokumisela ingabula-zigcawu esebenzisekayo. Elona xesha lincinci lokumisa lomamkeli li-16-chips ukuba i-AFC ivuliwe okanye i-8-chips ukuba i-AFC ivaliwe. Ixesha lokuzinzisa umamkeli kwakhona lithatyathwe kwintshayelelo enokusebenziseka ukumisela ubuncinci bokuseta kwirejista yoLawulo lokuFumana iNtshayelelo.

Ukuba nokwenzeka kwentshayelelo yobuxoki kuxhomekeke kulungiselelo lwerejista yoLawulo lokuPhandwa kweNtshayelelo. Useto olufutshane lwe-8-chips lunokubangela ukuba kufunyaniswe inyayelelo engeyonyani rhoqo kwimizuzwana embalwa. Useto olucetyiswayo lwe-20chips lwenza ubhaqo olungeyonyani lwentshayelelo ibe sisiganeko esingalindelekanga. Ubude bentshayelelo yeMode R kunye neMode SL zinde ngokwaneleyo ukuba useto olucetyiswayo lusetyenziswe.
Kukho inzuzo encinci yokwenza i-preamble ibone ixesha elide kune-20 chips.
I-AFC ikhubaziwe kwiModeli S kunye nentshayelelo emfutshane kunye neModeli T. Oku kunciphisa ixesha lokumisa umamkeli kwaye kuvumeleke ukusetwa kwe-preamble emide. Nge-AFC ivaliwe, iMode T inokusebenzisa useto olucetyiswayo lweetshiphusi ezingama-20. Ukumiselwa kwee-nibbles ezi-4 okanye ii-chips ezingama-20 zisetyenziselwa iModel S kunye nentshayelelo emfutshane. Oku kwenza ukuba amathuba okubhaqwa kwentshayelelo yobuxoki abe phezulu kancinci kulo mzekelo.
Uluhlu 4. Ukufunyanwa kweNtshayelelo

	EN-13757-4 ubuncinane		Ngqamanisa Ilizwi	iyasebenziseka intshayelelo	Ukumiswa kwe-RX	Khangela imiz	Si443x Intshayelelo Ukumisela ukuKhangela
	nx (01)	iitshiphusi	iitshiphusi	iitshiphusi	iitshiphusi	iitshiphusi	amabele	iitshiphusi
Imowudi S intshayelelo emfutshane	15	30	6	24	8*	16	4	16
Intshayelelo ende yoMfanekiso S	279	558	6	552	16	536	5	20
Umzekelo T (imitha-enye)	19	38	6	32	8*	24	5	20
Imowudi R	39	78	6	72	16	56	5	20
*Phawula: I-AFC ikhubazekile

Umamkeli umiliselwe ukusebenzisana nomthumeli usebenzisa ubuncinci intshayelelo ekhankanyiweyo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba umamkeli uya kusebenzisana nayo nayiphi na i-M-bus-compliant transmitter.
Ucaciso lwe-Wireless M-Bus lufuna intshayelelo ende kakhulu yeModelo S1 yeetshiphusi ezingama-558 ubuncinane. Oku kuyakuthatha malunga ne-17 ms ukusasaza nje intshayelelo. I-Si443x ayifuni i-preamble ende kwaye ayizuzi kwi-preamble ende. Ngelixa i-preamble ende iphawulwa njengokhetho lweMode S2, akukho sizathu sokusebenzisa i-preamble ende kunye ne-Si443x. Ukuba unxibelelwano lwendlela enye luyanqweneleka, iMowudi T1 iya kubonelela ngentshayelelo emfutshane, izinga eliphezulu ledatha, kunye nobomi bebhetri obude. Ukuba unxibelelwano lwendlela-mbini usebenzisa i-Mode S2 iyafuneka, intshayelelo emfutshane iyacetyiswa.
Qaphela ukuba i-threshold yokufumanisa i-Model S enengabula-zigcawu ende inde kunenani lee-preamble nibbles ezidluliselwe kwiModeli S nge-preamble emfutshane. Oku kuthetha ukuba umamkeli weNdlela S oyingabula-zigcawu ende akasayi kubhaqa ingabula-zigcawu esuka kwingabula-zigcawu emfutshane yeMode S yosasazo. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuba iNqanaba elide leMode S umamkeli kukufumana nayiphi na inzuzo kwingabula-zigcawu ende.
Qaphela ukuba umamkeli omfutshane weNdlela S uyakubona ingabula-zigcawu kwaye afumane iipakethi kuzo zombini ezimfutshane iMode S.
isidluliseli kunye nentshayelelo ende yeMode S yokuhambisa; ngoko ke, ngokubanzi, umfundi wemitha kufuneka asebenzise uqwalaselo olufutshane lwentshayelelo yeNdlela S yomamkeli.

Ufakelo lweekhowudi/Ukuguqula ikhowudi

Ucaciso lwe-Wireless M-bus lufuna iindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokhowudo. I-encoding yaseManchester isetyenziselwa i-Mode S kunye ne-Mode R. I-encoding yase-Manchester iphinda isetyenziswe kwikhonkco enye ukuya kwimitha kwi-Model T. I-Model T imitha ukuya kwelinye ikhonkco isebenzisa i-3 ngaphandle kwe-6 yeekhowudi.
1. Manchester Encoded/Decoding
I-encoding yaseManchester ixhaphake ngokwembali kwiinkqubo zeRF ukubonelela ukubuyiswa kwewotshi eyomeleleyo kunye nokulandelela usebenzisa imodem elula nengabizi. Nangona kunjalo, unomathotholo wanamhlanje osebenza kakhulu njenge-Si443x ayifuni i-encoding yaseManchester. I-encoding yaseManchester ixhaswa ngokuyinhloko ukuhambelana nemigangatho ekhoyo, kodwa izinga ledatha ye-Si443x liphindwe kabini xa lingasebenzisi i-encoding yaseManchester.
I-Si443x ixhasa i-Manchester encoding kunye nokuchazwa kwepakethi yonke kwi-hardware. Ngelishwa, igama longqamaniso alikho eManchester. Ulandelelwano olungasebenziyo lweManchester lukhethwe ngabom lwegama longqamaniso. Oku kwenza ukuba i-encoding yaseManchester ingahambelani noninzi lweerediyo ezikhoyo, kuquka i-Si443x. Ngenxa yoko, i-encoding yaseManchester kunye ne-decoding kufuneka yenziwe yi-MCU. Ibhayithi nganye kwidatha engafakwanga khowudi iqulathe amasuntswana edatha asibhozo. Ukusebenzisa i-encoding yaseManchester, ibit nganye yedatha ifakwe kwiikhowudi kwisimboli seetshiphu ezimbini. Ekubeni idatha ekhowudiweyo kufuneka ibhalwe kwirediyo yeFIFO chips ezisibhozo ngexesha, i-nibble enye yedatha ifakwe ekhowudi kwaye ibhalwe kwi-FIFO ngexesha.
Uluhlu 5. Manchester Encoding

idatha	IXox12		0x34		iibhayithi
	IXox1	0x2	0x3	0x4	amabele
	1	10	11	100	yokubini
itshiphu	10101001	10100110	10100101	10011010	yokubini
FIFO	OxA9	OxA6	OxA5	I-Ox9A	hex

Ibhayithi nganye eza kuhanjiswa igqithiswa ngebhayithi enye ngexesha ukuya kwi-encode byte function. I-encode byte function iyakubiza umsebenzi we-encode nibble kabini, okokuqala kweyona nibble ibalulekileyo kwaye emva koko ngeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
Ukufakwa kwekhowudi yaseManchester kwisoftware akukho nzima. Ukuqala ukusuka kweyona nto ibalulekileyo, enye ifakwe ngekhowudi njengolandelelwano lwetshiphu "01". Uziro ukhowudwa njengolandelelwano lwetshiphu "10". Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokulula ngokusebenzisa i-loop kunye nokutshintsha amasuntswana amabini kwisimboli ngasinye. Nangona kunjalo, kuyakhawuleza ukusebenzisa nje itafile yokujonga i-16 elula kwi-nibble nganye. Umsebenzi we encode we Manchester nibble udibanisa i nibble ye data emva koko uyibhale kwi FIFO. Iitshiphusi zijikisiwe phambi kokuba ubhalele i-FIFO ukuze uphendule ngeemfuno zentshayelelo eguqulweyo.
Xa ufumana, i-byte nganye kwi-FIFO iqulethe iitshiphusi ezisibhozo kwaye ihlanjululwe kwi-nibble enye yedatha. Umsebenzi webhloko ofundwayo ufunda i-byte enye ngexesha ukusuka kwi-FIFO kwaye ubiza umsebenzi we-decode byte. Iitshiphusi zijikisiwe emva kokufunda kwi-FIFO ukuze kunikwe ingxelo yeemfuno zentshayelelo eguqulweyo. Ibhayithi nganye yeetshiphusi ezikhowudiweyo zaseManchester zikhowudwa zibe yingqokelela yedatha. I-nibble efihliweyo ibhalwe kwi-RX buffer kusetyenziswa i-nibble yokubhala i-RX buffer umsebenzi.
Qaphela ukuba zombini ezikhowudiweyo kunye ne-decoding zenziwa i-nibble enye yedatha ngexesha kubhabho. Ukufakwa kweekhowudi kwisithinteli kuya kufuna isithinteli esongezelelweyo esiphinda kabini ubungakanani bedatha engakhowudiweyo. Ukufakwa kweekhowudi kunye nokuguqulwa kwekhowudi kukhawuleza kakhulu kunomgangatho wedatha oxhaswayo ngokukhawuleza (iitshiphusi ezili-100 k ngomzuzwana). Ekubeni i-Si443x ixhasa ukufundwa kwebhayithi ezininzi kwaye ibhale kwi-FIFO, kukho i-overhead encinci ekusebenziseni i-byte enye kuphela ukufunda nokubhala. Umphezulu umalunga ne-10 µs kwiitshiphusi ezikhowudiweyo ezili-100. Inzuzo kukugcinwa kwe-RAM ye-512 bytes.
2. EziThathu KwisiThandathu zokuFakwa kweeKhowudi
Indlela ye-Encoding Three-out-Six echazwe kwi-EN-13757-4 iphinda iphunyezwe kwi-firmware kwi-MCU. Le encoding isetyenziselwa isantya esiphezulu (100 k chips ngomzuzwana) Indlela T ukusuka imitha ukuya kwenye. Imodeli T ibonelela ngelona xesha lifutshane lothumelo kunye nobomi bebhetri obude kwimitha engenazingcingo.
Ibhayithi nganye yedatha eza kuhanjiswa yahlulwe ibe zii-nibbles ezimbini. Eyona nibble ibalulekileyo ifakwe ngekhowudi kwaye idluliselwe kuqala. Kwakhona, oku kuphunyezwa ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi we-encode byte obiza umsebenzi we-encode nibble kabini.
I-nibble nganye yedatha ifakwe kwikhowudi yesimboli yetshiphu ezintandathu. Ukulandelelana kweesimboli zetshiphu ezintandathu kufuneka kubhalwe kwi-8chip FIFO.
Ngexesha lokufakwa kweekhowudi, ii-bytes ezimbini zedatha zifakwe kwikhowudi njengee-nibbles ezine. I-nibble nganye iyisimboli ye-6-chip. Iisimboli ezine ze-6chip zidityanisiwe njengeebhayithi ezintathu.
Itheyibhile 6. UkuFakwa kweeKhowudi eziNtathu kwiZintandathu

idatha	0x12			0x34			iibhayithi
	IXox1	0x2		0x3		0x4	amabele
itshiphu	15	16		13		34	i-octal
	1101	1110		1011		11100	yokubini
FIFO	110100		11100010		11011100		yokubini
	0x34		OxE2		OxDC		hex

Kwisoftware, i-encoding emithathu-kwezintandathu iphunyezwa kusetyenziswa imisebenzi emithathu enendlwane. Umsebenzi we-encode byte uyakubiza umsebenzi we-encode nibble kabini. Umsebenzi we-encode nibble usebenzisa itafile yokujonga isimboli yetshiphu ezintandathu kwaye ubhala isimboli kwiShift Ezintathu kwimisebenzi emithandathu. Lo msebenzi usebenzisa irejista yeshift ye-16 kwisoftware. Isimboli ibhalwe kweyona byte incinci yeshifti yerejista. Irejista ishenxiswa ngasekhohlo kabini. Oku kuphindwa kathathu. Xa i-byte epheleleyo ikhona kwi-byte ephezulu yerejista yeshifti, iyaguqulwa kwaye ibhalwe kwi-FIFO.
Ekubeni i-byte nganye yedatha ifakwe ngekhowudi njenge-byte ene-encoded enye kunye nesiqingatha, kubalulekile ukucima irejista yeshifti ekuqaleni ukuze i-byte yokuqala ekhowudiweyo ichanekile. Ukuba ubude bepakethi linani elingaqhelekanga, emva kokufakwa kweekhowudi kuzo zonke ii-bytes, kusekho i-nibble enye eseleyo kwirejista yokutshintsha. Oku kusingathwa ngeposi njengoko kuchaziwe kwicandelo elilandelayo.
Ukususa iikhowudi ezintathu kwezintandathu ezikhowudiweyo yinkqubo ebuyela umva. Xa kusenziwa ikhowudi, iibhayithi ezintathu ezikhowudiweyo zikhowudwa zibe ziibhayithi zedatha ezimbini. Irejista yeshifti yesoftware iphinda isetyenziswe ukudibanisa iibytes zedatha ekhutshiweyo. Itheyibhile yokujonga inverse engama-64 isetyenziselwa ukuguqula iikhowudi. Oku kusebenzisa imijikelo embalwa kodwa imemori yekhowudi eninzi. Ukukhangela i-16-entry look-up table yesimboli ehambelanayo kuthatha ixesha elide kakhulu.
Postamble
I-Wireless M-bus ingcaciso ineemfuno ezithile zeposi okanye inqwelo erhuqwayo. Kuzo zonke iindlela, ubuncinci ziitshiphusi ezimbini, kwaye ubuninzi ziitshiphusi ezisibhozo. Ekubeni ubuncinci beyunithi ye-athomu ye-FIFO yi-byte enye, i-trailer ye-8-chip isetyenziselwa i-Mode S kunye ne-Mode R. I-Mode ye-postamble ye-T ye-chips ezisibhozo ukuba ubude bepakethi bude okanye i-chips ezine ukuba ubude bepakethi buyinto engaqhelekanga. I-four-chip postamble yobude bepakethi engaqhelekanga ihlangabezana neemfuno zokuba neechips ezimbini ezitshintshanayo.
Uluhlu 7. Ubude beposi

	Ubude beposi (iitshiphusi)
	imiz	max	Ukuphunyezwa		ukulandelelana kwetshiphu
Imowudi S	2	8	8		1010101
Imowudi T	2	8	4	(umnqa)	101
			8	(ngokulinganayo)	1010101
Imowudi R	2	8	8		1010101

Ipakethe Handler

Umphathi wepakethi kwi-Si443x ingasetyenziselwa kwimodi yobubanzi bepakethi eguquguqukayo okanye imodi yobubanzi obusisigxina. Imo yobubanzi bepakethi eguquguqukayo ifuna i-byte yobude bepakethi emva kwegama longqamaniso kunye neebhayithi zeheader ozikhethelayo. Ekufikeni kwakhe, iRadiyo iya kusebenzisa i-byte yobude ukumisela isiphelo sepakethi esebenzayo. Kusasazo, unomathotholo uya kufaka indawo yobude emva kweebhayithi zeheader.
Intsimi ye-L ye-wireless ye-M-bus protocol ayinakusetyenziselwa indawo yobude be-Si443x. Okokuqala, intsimi ye-L ayibobude bepakethe yokwenyani. Linani leebhayithi zolayisho lwe-link layer zingabandakanyi i-CRC bytes okanye i-encoding. Okwesibini, i-L-field ngokwayo ifakwe ngekhowudi kusetyenziswa nokuba yi-Manchester encoding okanye i-Encoding ye-Encoding ye-Mode T ukuya kwenye.
Ukuphunyezwa kusebenzisa isiphathi sepakethi kwimodi yobubanzi bepakethi esisigxina kuzo zombini ukuhanjiswa kunye nokwamkela. Ekugqithiseni, umaleko we-PHY uya kufunda intsimi ye-L kwi-buffer yokuhambisa kwaye ibale inani lee-bytes ezikhowudiweyo, kuquka i-postamble. Inani elipheleleyo lee-bytes ezikhowudiweyo eziza kuhanjiswa zibhaliwe kwirejista yoBubude bePakethi (0x3E).
Kulwamkelo, iibytes ezimbini zokuqala ezikhowudiweyo zikhowudwa, kwaye i-L-field ibhalelwa kwibuffer yokufumana. Indawo ye-L isetyenziselwa ukubala inani lee-bytes ezikhowudiweyo eziza kufunyanwa. Inani lee-bytes ezikhowudiweyo ekufuneka zifunyenwe libhalwa kwirejista yoBubude bePakethe (0x3E). Iposi iyalahlwa.
I-MCU kufuneka ichaze i-L-field, ibale inani lee-bytes ezikhowudiweyo, kwaye ibhale ixabiso kwirejista yoBubude bePakethi phambi kokuba kufunyenwe ubude bepakethe obufutshane obunokwenzeka. Owona mhlaba ufutshane uvumelekileyo we-L womaleko we-PHY yi-9, unika ii-bytes ezili-12 ezingenakhowudi. Oku kunika i-18 bytes ekhowudiweyo yeModeli T. Iibhayithi ezimbini zokuqala sele zikhowudiwe. Ngaloo ndlela, irejista yoBubude bepakethi kufuneka ihlaziywe ngamaxesha angama-16-byte kwi-100 kbps okanye i-1.28 milliseconds. Oku akukho ngxaki kwi-8051 eqhuba kwi-20 MIP.
Inani leebytes eziza kufunyanwa alibandakanyi iposi, ngaphandle kweposo-chip ezine ezisetyenziselwa iipakethi zeMode T ezinobude bepakethe engaqhelekanga. Ngaloo ndlela, umamkeli akafuni i-postamble, ngaphandle kweepakethi ze-Model T odd ubude. Le posi ifuneka kuphela ukunika inani elipheleleyo lee-bytes ezikhowudiweyo. Umxholo weposi awuhoywa; ke, ukuba i-postamble ayithunyelwa, iitshiphusi ezine zengxolo ziya kufunyanwa kwaye zingahoywa. Ekubeni inani elipheleleyo le-bytes ekhowudiweyo lilinganiselwe kwi-255 (0xFF), ukuphunyezwa kunciphisa ubuninzi be-L-field kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo.
Itheyibhile 8. Ubungakanani bepakethi imida

	ikhowudi		isusiwe		M-Bus
	iibhayithi		iibhayithi		I-L-Field
	Disemba	hex	Disemba	hex	Disemba	hex
Imowudi S	255	FF	127	7 F	110	6E
Indlela T (imitha-enye)	255	FF	169	A9	148	94
Imowudi R	255	FF	127	7 F	110	6E

Le mida iqhele ukuba ngaphezulu kwemeko yokusetyenziswa eqhelekileyo kwimitha engenazingcingo. Ubude bepakethi kufuneka bugcinwe buncinci ukufumana ubomi bebhetri obungcono.
Ukongeza, umsebenzisi angachaza eyona ndawo iphezulu ye-L ekufuneka ifunyenwe (USER_RX_MAX_L_FIELD). Oku kugqiba ubungakanani obufunekayo bokufumana isithinteli (USER_RX_BUFFER_SIZE).
Ukuxhasa ubuninzi bomhlaba we-L wama-255 kuya kufuna isithinteli sokufumana iibhayithi ezingama-290 kunye nobuninzi be-581 ye-Manchester ekhowudiweyo. Umphathi wepakethi kuya kufuneka ukuba angasebenzi kwaye irejista yoBubude bePakethi ayinakusetyenziswa kuloo meko. Oku kuyenzeka, kodwa kulungele ngakumbi ukusebenzisa isiphathi sepakethi, ukuba kuyenzeka.

Ukusetyenziswa kweFIFO

I-Si4431 ibonelela nge-64 byte FIFO yokuhambisa kunye nokufumana. Ukusukela ukuba inani lee-coded bytes zingama-255, yonke ipakethe enekhowudi ayinakungena ngaphakathi kwe-64-byte buffer.
Ugqithiso
Ekugqithiseni, inani elipheleleyo lee-bytes ezifakwe kwi-encoded libalwa. Ukuba inani elipheleleyo lee-bytes ezifakwe kwi-encoded, kubandakanywa ne-postamble, ingaphantsi kwe-64 bytes, ipakethe yonke ibhalwe kwi-FIFO kwaye kuphela ipakethi ethunyelwe iphazamise ivuliwe. Uninzi lweepakethi ezimfutshane ziya kuthunyelwa ngokhutshelo olunye lweFIFO.
Ukuba inani lee-coded bytes likhulu kune-64, ukudluliselwa kweFIFO ezininzi kuya kufuneka ukuthumela ipakethi. Iibytes zokuqala ezingama-64 zibhalelwe iFIFO. Ipakethi eThunyelwe kunye ne-TX FIFO Phantse uphazamiseko olungenanto luvuliwe. I-TX FIFO Phantse iEmpty threshold isetelwe kwi-16 bytes (25%). Kwisiganeko ngasinye se-IRQ, irejista yesimo 2 iyafundwa. I-bit yePakethi eThunyelweyo ihlolwe kuqala, kwaye, ukuba ipakethi ayizange ithunyelwe ngokupheleleyo, i-48 bytes elandelayo yedatha ekhowudiweyo ibhalwa kwi-FIFO. Oku kuyaqhubeka de zonke ii-bytes ezikhowudiweyo zibhaliwe kwaye uphazamiseko lwePakethi eThunyelweyo lwenzekile.
1. Ulwamkelo
Kulwamkelo, ekuqaleni, kuphela luphazamiseko lwe-Sync Word oluvulelekileyo. Emva kokufumana igama elihambelanayo, igama elithi ungqamaniso liphazamisekile livaliwe kwaye iFIFO Phantse iGcweti yokuphazamiseka yenziwe yasebenza. I-FIFO iphantse ifikelele kwi-threshold egcweleyo ekuqaleni isetelwe kwii-bytes ezi-2. Eyokuqala iFIFO Phantse uphazamiseko olupheleleyo lusetyenziselwa ukwazi xa iibhayithi ezimbini zobude zifunyenwe. Nje ukuba ubude bufunyenwe, ubude buchazwa kwaye inani lee-bytes ezikhowudiweyo liyabalwa. I-RX FIFO iphantse ukuba yi-Full threshold imiselwe kuma-48 bytes. I-RX FIFO iphantse yagcwala kwaye iziphazamiso zePakethe eZisebenzayo zenziwe zasebenza. Kwisiganeko esilandelayo se-IRQ, irejista yesimo 1 iyafundwa. Okokuqala, isuntswana lePakethe eliSebenzayo liyajongwa, kwaye emva koko iFIFO Phantse isuntswana igcweleyo iyajongwa. Ukuba kuphela i-RX FIFO i-Almost bit bit iseti, i-48 bytes elandelayo ifundwa kwi-FIFO. Ukuba isuntswana lepakethi esebenzayo isetiwe, intsalela yepakethi ifundwa kwiFIFO. I-MCU igcina umkhondo wokuba zingaphi ii-byte ezifundiweyo kwaye iyeke ukufunda emva kwe-byte yokugqibela.

Uluhlu lweNxibelelaniso yeDatha

Imodyuli yoluhlu lwedatha yedatha isebenzisa i-13757-4: i-2005 ehambelanayo yekhonkco yekhonkco. Uluhlu lwedatha yedatha (LINK) ibonelela ngokujongana phakathi komgangatho womzimba (PHY) kunye nomgangatho wesicelo (AL).
I-Data Link Layer yenza le misebenzi ilandelayo:

Ibonelela ngemisebenzi edlulisela idatha phakathi kwe-PHY kunye ne-AL
Yenza ii-CRC zemiyalezo ephumayo
Ifumanisa iimpazamo ze-CRC kwimiyalezo engenayo
Ibonelela ngedilesi yendawo
Ivuma udluliselo kwiindlela zonxibelelwano olumacala omabini
Amasuntswana edatha yeefreyimu
Ichonga iimpazamo zokuqulunqa kwimiyalezo engenayo

Ifomathi yeSakhelo seNxulumaniso

I-Wireless M-Bus ifomathi yesakhelo esetyenziswe kwi-EN 13757-4: 2005 ithathwe kwi-FT3 (Udidi lweSakhelo 3) ifomathi yesakhelo ukusuka kwi-IEC60870-5-2. Isakhelo siqulathe ibhloko enye okanye ezininzi zedata. Ibhloko nganye ibandakanya i-16-bit CRC ibala. Ibhokisi yokuqala yibhloko yobude obumiselweyo be-12 bytes equka i-L-field, i-C-field, i-M-field, kunye ne-A-Field.

I-L-Field
I-L-indawo ubude bomthamo wedatha ye-Link layer. Oku akubandakanyi i-L-field ngokwayo okanye nayiphi na i-bytes ye-CRC. Iquka i-L-field, i-C-field, i-M-field, kunye ne-A-Field. Ezi yinxalenye yomthwalo we-PHY.
Ngenxa yokuba inani leencoded bytes lilinganiselwe kwi-255 bytes, ixabiso eliphezulu elixhaswayo kwi-M-field yi-110 bytes ye-Manchester data encoded kunye ne-148 bytes ye-Mode T Three-Out-Six data encoded.
I-Link layer inoxanduva lokubala i-L-field kwi-transmission. I-link-layer iya kusebenzisa i-L-field kwi-reception.
Qaphela indawo ye-L ayibonisi ubude bomthwalo we-PHY okanye inani lee-bytes ezikhowudiweyo. Ekugqithiseni, i-PHY iya kubala ubude bomthwalo we-PHY kunye nenani lee-bytes ezifakwe kwiikhowudi. Ekufumaneni, i-PHY iya kwenza ikhowudi ye-L-indawo kwaye ibale inani lee-bytes ukucacisa.
I-C-Field
I-C-field yinkalo yolawulo lwesakhelo. Lo mmandla uchonga uhlobo lwesakhelo kwaye isetyenziselwa utshintshiselwano lwedatha yokuqala yenkonzo. Indawo ye-C ibonisa uhlobo lwesakhelo – THUMELA, QINISEKISA, CELA, okanye PHENDULA. Kwimeko ye-THUMELA kunye ne-REQUEST izakhelo, i-C-field ibonisa ukuba i-CONFIRM okanye PHENDULA ilindelekile.
Xa usebenzisa umsebenzi osisiseko we-Link TX, naliphi na ixabiso le-C linokusetyenziswa. Xa usebenzisa i-Link Service Primitives, intsimi ye-C ihlaliswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokwe-EN 13757-4: 2005.
UM-Field
I-M-intsimi yikhowudi yomenzi. Abavelisi banokucela ikhowudi enoonobumba abathathu kwezi zilandelayo web idilesi: http://www.dlms.com/flag/INDEX.HTM Unobumba ngamnye wekhowudi enoonobumba abathathu ukhowudwa njengamasuntswana amahlanu. Ikhowudi ye-5-bit inokufumaneka ngokuthatha ikhowudi ye-ASCII kunye nokukhupha i-0x40 ("A"). Iikhowudi ezintathu ze-5-bit zidibene ukwenza i-15-bits. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo nguziro.
I-A-Field
Indawo yedilesi yidilesi eyodwa ye-6-byte kwisixhobo ngasinye. Idilesi eyodwa kufuneka inikwe umenzi. Luxanduva lomenzi ngamnye ukuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo ngasinye sinedilesi ekhethekileyo ye-6-byte. Idilesi yokuThumela nokuCela izakhelo yidilesi yobuqu yemitha okanye esinye isixhobo. Izakhelo zedatha yokuqinisekisa kunye nempendulo zithunyelwa kusetyenziswa idilesi yesixhobo sokuqala.
I-CI-Field
I-CI-field yi-header yesicelo kwaye ichaza uhlobo lwedatha kwi-payload data yesicelo. Ngelixa i-EN13757-4: i-2005 ichaza inani elilinganiselweyo lamaxabiso, i-Link Service Primitives iya kuvumela nayiphi na ixabiso ukuba lisetyenziswe.
CRC
I-CRC ichazwe kwi-EN13757-4: 2005.
I-CRC Polynomial yile:
X16 + x13 + x12 + x11 + x10 + x8 +x6 + x5 +x2 + 1
Qaphela ukuba i-M-Bus CRC ibalwa kwibhloko nganye ye-16-byte. Isiphumo kukuba zonke ii-bytes ze-16 zedatha zifuna i-18 bytes ukuba ihanjiswe,

Iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo

Ngolwazi olongezelelweyo malunga nokuSetyenziswa koMaleko woQhagamshelwano, bona "AN452: IsiKhokelo seeNkqubo zeSitaki seM-Bus engenazingcingo".

Ulawulo lwamandla

Umzobo 2 ubonisa ixesha lolawulo lwamandla kwi-ex yemithaampusebenzisa iModi T1.

I-MCU kufuneka ibekwimowudi yokuLala nanini na xa kunokwenzeka ukuze kugcinwe amandla. Kule example, i-MCU ilele xa i-RTC isebenza, xa ilinde ukuqaliswa kwekristale yerediyo, kwaye xa ihambisa i-FIFO. I-MCU iya kuvuka kwi-EZRadioPRO IRQ isignali exhunywe kwi-Port Match yokuvuka.
Xa uthumela imiyalezo engaphezulu kwebhloko enye, i-MCU kufuneka ivuke ukuze igcwalise i-FIFO (esekelwe kwi-FIFO phantse ukuphazamisa okungenanto) kwaye emva koko ibuyele ebuthongweni.
I-MCU kufuneka ibe kwimodi ye-Idle ehamba kwi-oscillator yamandla aphantsi okanye i-oscillator ye-burst-mode xa ufunda kwi-ADC. I-ADC ifuna iwotshi ye-SAR.
Xa ingasetyenziswa, i-EZRadioPRO kufuneka ibe kwimowudi yokuvala kunye ne-SDN pin eqhutywe phezulu. Oku kufuna uqhagamshelo oluluqilima kwi-MCU. Iirejista ze-EZ Radio Pro azigcinwanga kwimodi yokuvala; ke, i-EZRadioPro iqalwa kwixesha ngalinye le-RTC. Ukuqalisa unomathotholo kuthatha ngaphantsi kwe-100 µs kwaye kugcinwe i-400 nA. Oku kukhokelela kwi-10 µJ yokonga amandla, ngokusekwe kwisithuba semizuzwana eli-10.
Ikristale ye-EZRadioPRO ithatha malunga ne-16 ms kwi-POR. Oku kulide ngokwaneleyo ukubala i-CRC malunga neebhloko ezisibhozo. I-MCU iya kuphinda ilale ukuba igqiba zonke ii-CRCs ngaphambi kokuba i-crystal izinze. Ukuba uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo luyafuneka, nalo lungaqalwa ngelixa ulindile kwicrystal oscillator.
I-MCU kufuneka iqhube kwi-20 MHz isebenzisa i-oscillator yamandla aphantsi kwimisebenzi emininzi. Imisebenzi efuna ixesha elichanekileyo lokuphuma kufuneka isebenzise i-oscillator echanekileyo kunye nemowudi yokungasebenzi endaweni yendlela yokulala. I-RTC ibonelela ngesisombululo esaneleyo kwimisebenzi emininzi. Ixesha lolawulo lwamandla kwi-T2 imitha exampisicelo siboniswe kuMfanekiso 3.

Ukuphunyezwa kwe-transceiver kufuneka kulungiselelwe imeko yesiqhelo xa imitha ivuka kwaye kungekho mfundi okhoyo. Ubuncinci / ubuninzi bexesha lokuphuma kwe-ACK lide ngokwaneleyo ukwenzela ukuba kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa i-C8051F930 RTC kwaye ubeke i-MCU kwimodi yokulala.
Iinketho zokwakha zibonelelwa kwii-mains okanye ii-USB-powered readers ezingadingi kusebenzisa imo yokulala. Imowudi yokungasebenzi iya kusetyenziswa endaweni yokulala ukuze i-USB kunye ne-UART inokuphazamisa i-MCU.

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SILICON LABS Wireless M-BUS Ukuphunyezwa kweSoftware AN451 [pdf] Isikhokelo somsebenzisi
SILICON LABS, C8051, MCU, kunye, EZRadioPRO, Wireless M-bus, Wireless, M-BUS, Software, Implementation, AN451

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