SILICON LABS Wireless M-BUS Software Implementation AN451 User Guide

Ichi chinyorwa chekushandisa chinotsanangura kushandiswa kweSilicon Labs kweWireless M-Bus uchishandisa Silicon Labs C8051 MCU uye EZRadioPRO®. Wireless M-bhazi iEuropean Standard yemamita-kuverenga maapplication uchishandisa iyo 868 MHz frequency bhendi.

Stack Layers

Wireless M-Bus inoshandisa iyo 3-layer IEC modhi, iri subset ye7-layer OSI modhi (ona Mufananidzo 1).

Iyo Yemuviri (PHY) layer inotsanangurwa mu EN 13757-4. Iyo yemuviri dhizaini inotsanangura kuti mabhiti akaiswa sei uye anofambiswa sei, iyo RF modem maitiro (chip rate, preamble, uye synchronization izwi), uye RF paramita (modulation, centre frequency, uye frequency kutsauka).
Iyo PHY layer inoshandiswa uchishandisa musanganiswa wehardware uye firmware. Iyo EZRadioPRO inoita ese eRF uye modem mabasa. Iyo EZRadioPRO inoshandiswa muFIFO modhi ine mubati wepaketi. Iyo MbusPhy.c module inopa SPI interface, encoding/decoding, block kuverenga / kunyora, uye kubata kwepaketi uye inotonga iyo transceiver nyika.
Iyo M-Bus Data link layer inoiswa muMbusLink.c module. Iyo M-Bus Application Programming interface ine mabasa eruzhinji anogona kudanwa kubva padanho rekushandisa mutambo huru. Iyo MbusLink module inoshandisawo Data Link Layer. Iyo Data link layer ichafomati uye kukopa data kubva kune application TX buffer kuenda kuMbusPhy TX buffer, ichiwedzera inodiwa misoro uye CRCs.
Iyo Yekushandisa layer pachayo haisi chikamu cheM-bhazi firmware. Iyo application layer inotsanangura magadzirirwo akasiyana-siyana e data kuti atumirwe. Mamita mazhinji anongoda kufambisa imwe kana maviri mhando yedata. Kuwedzera huwandu hukuru hwekodhi kugarisa chero rudzi rwe data kumamita kwaizowedzera zvisina kufanira kodhi uye mutengo kumamita. Zvingave zvinogoneka kushandisa raibhurari kana musoro file ine runyorwa rwakakwana rwemhando dzedata. Nekudaro, vazhinji vatengi ve metering vanonyatsoziva kuti rudzii rwe data ravanoda kufambisa uye vanogona kureva kune chiyero chekufomatidza ruzivo. Muverengi wepasirese kana sniffer anogona kuita seti yakakwana yemhando dzedata rekushandisa paPC GUI. Nezvikonzero izvi, iyo application layer inoshandiswa uchishandisa example zvikumbiro zvemita uye muverengi.

Zvinodiwa Mipimo

EN 13757-4
EN 13757-4
Communication system yemamita uye kuverenga kure kwemamita
Chikamu chechina: Wireless mita kuverenga
Radiometer kuverenga yekushanda mu868 MHz kusvika 870 MHz SRD bhendi
EN 13757-3
Communication system yemamita uye kuverenga kure kwemamita
Chikamu 3: Yakatsaurirwa application layer

IEC 60870-2-1:1992
Telecontrol midziyo uye masisitimu
Chikamu 5: Maprotocol ekutumira
Chikamu 1: Link transmission maitiro
IEC 60870-1-1:1990
Telecontrol midziyo uye masisitimu
Chikamu 5: Maprotocol ekutumira
Chikamu 1: Transmission frame formats

Tsanangudzo

M-Bhazi—M-Bus chiyero chine waya chekuverenga mita muEurope.
Wireless M-Bhazi-Wireless M-Bhazi yemamita ekuverenga manyorerwo muEurope.

PHY-Physical Layer inotsanangura nzira iyo data bits uye byte inoiswa encoded uye kufambiswa.
API—Application Programmer interface.

LINK—Data Link Layer inotsanangura kuti mabhuraki nemafuremu zvinofambiswa sei.
CRC—Cyclic Redundancy Check.

FSK—Frequency Shift Keying.
Chipo—Diki yuniti ye data inotumirwa. Imwe data bit yakavharwa semachipi akawanda.

Module-AC code source .c file.

M-Bus PHY Inoshanda Tsananguro

Nhanganyaya Sequence

Kutevedzana kwePreamble kunotsanangurwa neM-bus specification inhamba izere inochinjanisa mazero neayo. Imwe inotsanangurwa seyepamusoro frequency, uye zero inotsanangurwa seyakaderera frequency.
nx (01)
Iyo Preamble sarudzo dzeSi443x inhamba yakazara yema nibbles inosanganisira alternating mamwe uye zero.
nx (1010)
Nhanganyaya ine imwe yekuwedzera inotungamira haingave dambudziko, asi, zvino, izwi rekuyananisa uye mubhadharo waizokanganiswa neimwe bit.
Mhinduro ndeyekupidigura packet yese nekuisa injini bit muModulation Control 2 register (0x71). Izvi zvinoshandura nhanganyaya, sync izwi, uye TX/RX data. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo data inofanirwa kudzoserwa pakunyora iyo TX data kana kuverenga iyo RX data. Zvakare, iro izwi rekuwiriranisa rinotenderedzwa risati ranyorera kuSi443x Synchronization Shoko rerejista.

Synchronization Word

Izwi rekubatanidza rinodiwa ne EN-13757-4 ingangoita 18 machipi eMode S uye Mode R kana gumi machipi eModel T. Izwi rekubatanidza reSi10x 443 kusvika 1 bytes. Zvakadaro, sezvo izwi rewiriranisa richigara rakatangirwa nenhanganyaya, zvimedu zvitanhatu zvekupedzisira zvenhanganyaya zvinogona kutorwa sechikamu cheizwi rekuwiriranisa; saka, izwi rekutanga rekuyananisa rinoputirwa nedzokororo katatu zero inoteverwa neimwe. Izwi rekuwiriranisa rinowedzerwa usati wanyora kune Si4x marejista.
Tafura 1. Synchronization Izwi reModhi S uye Modhi R

EN 13757-4	00	01110110	10010110	binary
EN 13757-4	00	76	96	hex
pedhi ne (01) x 3	01010100	01110110	10010110	binary
pedhi ne (01) x 3	54	76	96	hex
zadzisa	10101011	10001001	01101001	binary
zadzisa	AB	89	69	hex

Tafura 2. Synchronization Izwi reModhi T Meter kune Zvimwe

SYNCH	SYNCH	SYNCH
SHOKO	SHOKO	SHOKO
3	2	1

Tumira Preamble Length

Iwo mashoma ekutanga anotsanangurwa kune mana akasiyana maitiro ekushandisa. Zvinotenderwa kuva nenhanganyaya yakareba kudarika yataurwa. Kubvisa machipisi matanhatu ekutanga kunopa huwandu hushoma hwemachipisi eSi443x preamble. Kuitwa kwacho kunowedzera maviri ekuwedzera nibbles ekutanga mune ese mapfupi ekutanga modes kuti avandudze kuona kwekutanga uye kushanda. Nhanganyaya paModhi S ine sumo refu yakarebesa; saka, nhanganyaya shoma inoshandiswa. Kureba kwenhanganyaya muma nibbles kunonyorwa kune Preamble Length (0x34) register. Rejisita yehurefu hwenhanganyaya inotara nhanganyaya pakutapurirana chete. Iwo mashoma ekutsanangurwa uye ekutanga kureba marongero anopfupikiswa muTafura 3.
Tafura 3. Transmit Preamble Length

	EN-13757-4 miniminimum		Si443x Nhanganyaya Set ing		Sync Shoko	Total	kuwedzera
	nx (01)	chips	nibbles	chips	chips	chips	chips
Mode S nhanganyaya pfupi	15	30	8	32	6	38	8
Mode S nhanganyaya refu	279	558	138	552	6	558	0
Mode T (mamita-mamwe)	19	38	10	40	6	46	8
Modhi R	39	78	20	80	6	86	8

Iyo yakaderera nhanganyaya yekugamuchira inotemwa nePreamble Detection Control rejista (0x35). Pakugashira, nhamba yemabhiti muizwi rekubatanidza inofanirwa kubviswa kubva pane yakatsanangurwa nhanganyaya kuti uone nhanganyaya inoshandisika. Iyo shoma yekugadzika nguva yeanogamuchira ndeye gumi nematanhatu-chips kana AFC yakagoneswa kana 16-chips kana AFC yakaremara. Iyo inogamuchira yekugadzika nguva inobviswa zvakare kubva kune inoshandisika preamble kuona iyo shoma yekuseta yePreamble Detection Control rejista.

Iko mukana wenhanganyaya yenhema unoenderana nekumisikidzwa kwePreamble Detection Control rejista. Kurongeka kupfupi kwe8-chips kunogona kukonzera nhanganyaya yenhema inowanikwa mumasekonzi mashoma ega ega. Iyo yakakurudzirwa kuseta ye20chips inoita yenhema yekutanga kuona chiitiko chisingaite. Kureba kwekutanga kweModhi R uye Mode SL kwakareba zvakakwana kune yakakurudzirwa kuseta kuti ishandiswe.
Pane bhenefiti shoma pakuita kuti preamble ione kureba kupfuura makumi maviri machipisi.
Iyo AFC yakavharwa kuModel S ine nhanganyaya pfupi uye Model T. Izvi zvinoderedza mugamuchiri kugadzirisa nguva uye inobvumira kureba kwekutanga kwekuona marongero. Iine AFC yakaremara, Mode T inogona kushandisa yakakurudzirwa kuseta makumi maviri machipi. Kuseta kwe20 nibbles kana makumi maviri machipisi inoshandiswa kuModel S ine nhanganyaya pfupi. Izvi zvinoita kuti mukana wekuonekwa kwenhema kwekutanga ukwire zvishoma kune iyi modhi.
Tafura 4. Kuona Kwekutanga

	EN-13757-4 miniminimum		Sync Shoko	usable nhanganyaya	RX Kugadzirisa	Detect min	Si443x Nhanganyaya Kuziva Kuisa
	nx (01)	chips	chips	chips	chips	chips	nibbles	chips
Mode S nhanganyaya pfupi	15	30	6	24	8*	16	4	16
Muenzaniso S sumo refu	279	558	6	552	16	536	5	20
Muenzaniso T (mamita-mamwe)	19	38	6	32	8*	24	5	20
Modhi R	39	78	6	72	16	56	5	20
*Cherechedza: AFC yakaremara

Iyo inogamuchira inogadziriswa kuti idyidzane neinotapurirana uchishandisa iyo shoma yakatsanangurwa preamble. Izvi zvinoita kuti munhu anogamuchira anopindirana nechero M-bhazi-inoenderana transmitter.
Iyo Wireless M-Bhazi yakatarwa inoda nhanganyaya refu kwazvo yeModhi S1 yeanosvika mazana mashanu neshanu machipisi. Izvi zvinotora anenge 558 ms kungoendesa nhanganyaya. Iyo Si17x haidi nhanganyaya yakareba kudaro uye haibatsirwi kubva kunhanganyaya refu. Nepo nhanganyaya refu ichizivikanwa seyakasarudzika yeMode S443, hapana chikonzero chekushandisa nhanganyaya refu neSi2x. Kana kutaurirana kwenzira imwe kuchidikanwa, Mode T443 ichapa nhanganyaya ipfupi, chiyero che data chepamusoro, uye hupenyu hurefu hwebhatiri. Kana nzira mbiri dzekutaura uchishandisa Mode S1 ichidikanwa, nhanganyaya pfupi inokurudzirwa.
Ziva kuti dambarefu rekuona reModel S rine nhanganyaya refu rakareba kupfuura nhamba yematehwe ekutanga anotumirwa kuModel S ane nhanganyaya pfupi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti iyo yakareba yekutanga Modhi S inogamuchira haizoone nhanganyaya kubva kune ipfupi preamble Mode S transmitter. Izvi zvinodikanwa kana iyo refu preamble Mode S inogamuchira iri yekugamuchira chero bhenefiti kubva kune iyo refu preamble.
Ziva kuti ipfupi preamble Mode S inogamuchira inoona yekutanga uye igashire mapaketi kubva kune ese mapfupi ekutanga Mode S.
transmitter uye refu-preamble Mode S transmitter; saka, kazhinji, muverengi wemamita anofanirwa kushandisa iyo pfupi preamble Mode S inogamuchira gadziriso.

Encoding/Decoding

Iyo Wireless M-bhazi yakatarwa inoda maviri akasiyana encoding nzira. Manchester encoding inoshandiswa kuMode S uye Mode R. Manchester encoding inoshandiswawo kune imwe-to-mita link muModel T. Iyo Model T mita-kune-imwe link inoshandisa 3 kubva pa6 encodings.
1. Manchester Encoded/Decoding
Manchester encoding yakajairika munhoroondo muRF masisitimu kupa yakasimba wachi kudzoreredza uye yekutevera uchishandisa yakapusa uye isingadhure modem. Nekudaro, redhiyo yemazuva ano yepamusoro-soro senge Si443x haidi Manchester encoding. Manchester encoding inotsigirwa zvakanyanya kuti ienderane nezviyero zviripo, asi chiyero chedata cheSi443x chinopetwa zvakapetwa kaviri kana usingashandisi Manchester encoding.
Iyo Si443x inotsigira Manchester encoding uye decoding yepaketi yese muhardware. Nehurombo, izwi rekuwiriranisa harina Manchester encoded. Kutevedzana kweManchester kusingaite kwakasarudzwa nemaune kune izwi rekubatanidza. Izvi zvinoita kuti Manchester encoding isaenderane nemaredhiyo mazhinji aripo, kusanganisira iyo Si443x. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo Manchester encoding uye decoding inofanirwa kuitwa neMCU. Imwe neimwe byte pane isina kodhi data ine sere data bits. Uchishandisa Manchester encoding, imwe neimwe dhata inoiswa encoded kuita maviri-chip chiratidzo. Sezvo iyo data yakavharidzirwa ichifanirwa kunyorerwa redhiyo FIFO sere machipisi panguva, imwe nibble yedata inoiswa encoded uye inonyorerwa kuFIFO panguva.
Tafura 5. Manchester Encoding

data	Ox12		0x34		bytes
	Ox1	0x2	0x3	0x4	nibbles
	1	10	11	100	binary
chip	10101001	10100110	10100101	10011010	binary
FIFO	OxA9	OxA6	OxA5	Ox9A	hex

Imwe neimwe byte ichafambiswa inopfuudzwa imwe byte panguva kune encode byte basa. Iyo encode byte basa inodaidza iyo encode nibble basa kaviri, kutanga kune yakanyanya kukosha nibble uyezve kune isinganyanyi kukosha nibble.
Manchester encoding musoftware haina kuoma. Kutanga kubva kune inonyanya kukosha, imwe yakavharidzirwa se "01" chip sequence. Zero yakavharidzirwa se "10" chip sequence. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nyore nyore kushandisa loop uye kushandura maviri-bits kune imwe neimwe chiratidzo. Nekudaro, inokurumidza kungoshandisa yakapusa gumi nematanhatu tafura yekutarisa-kumusoro kune yega nibble. Iyo encode Manchester nibble basa inoisa nibble yedata yobva yanyora kuFIFO. Iwo machipisi anodzoserwa asati anyorera kuFIFO kuzvidavirira kune inverted preamble zvinodiwa.
Kana uchigamuchira, imwe neimwe byte muFIFO ine machipi masere uye inodhindwa kuita imwe nibble yedata. Iyo yekuverenga block function inoverenga imwe byte panguva kubva kuFIFO uye inodaidza decode byte basa. Iwo machipi anopindurwa mushure mekuverenga kubva kuFIFO kuzvidavirira kune inverted preamble zvinodiwa. Imwe neimwe byte yeManchester encoded machipi inogadziriswa kuita nibble yedata. Iyo decoded nibble inonyorerwa kuRX buffer uchishandisa kunyora nibble RX buffer basa.
Ziva kuti ese ari maviri encoded uye decoding anoitwa imwe data nibble panguva pakubhururuka. Kuisa kodhi kune buffer kunoda imwe buffer yakapetwa kaviri saizi yedata risina kuvharwa. Encoding uye decoding inokurumidza kupfuura inokurumidza kutsigirwa data rate (100 k machipisi pasekondi). Sezvo iyo Si443x inotsigira akawanda-byte kuverenga uye kunyora kuFIFO, pane chidiki chepamusoro mukushandisa chete-byte kuverenga nekunyora. Iyo yepamusoro inenge gumi µs ye10 encoded chips. Iyo bhenefiti ndeye RAM yekuchengetedza ye100 bytes.
2. Vatatu Pamatanhatu Encoding Decoding
Iyo nhatu-kunze-ye-nhanhatu encoding nzira inotsanangurwa mu EN-13757-4 inoshandiswawo mu firmware paMCU. Iyi encoding inoshandiswa kune yakakwirira-kumhanya (100 k machipisi pasekondi) Mode T kubva pamamita kuenda kune imwe. Model T inopa ipfupi yekufambisa nguva uye hurefu hwebhatiri hupenyu hwemamita isina waya.
Imwe neimwe byte yedata ichafambiswa yakakamurwa kuita mbiri nibbles. Iyo inonyanya kukosha nibble inoiswa encoded uye inoparidzirwa kutanga. Zvekare, izvi zvinoitwa uchishandisa encode byte basa rinodaidza iyo encode nibble basa kaviri.
Imwe neimwe nibble yedata yakavharirwa mune matanhatu-chip chiratidzo. Kutevedzana kwezvitanhatu-chip zviratidzo zvinofanirwa kunyorerwa ku8chip FIFO.
Panguva ye encoding, maviri mabyte e data akaiswa encoded sema nibbles. Imwe neimwe nibble chiratidzo che 6-chip. Mana 6chip zviratidzo zvakaunganidzwa semabhayiti matatu.
Tafura 6. Vatatu Kunze Kwevatanhatu Encoding

data	0x12			0x34			bytes
	Ox1	0x2		0x3		0x4	nibbles
chip	15	16		13		34	octal
	1101	1110		1011		11100	binary
FIFO	110100		11100010		11011100		binary
	0x34		OxE2		OxDC		hex

Mune software, iyo mitatu-kunze-ye-nhanhatu encoding inoshandiswa uchishandisa matatu nested mabasa. Iyo encode byte basa inodaidza iyo encode nibble basa kaviri. Iyo encode nibble function inoshandisa tafura yekutarisa-yepamusoro-yeiyo nhanhatu-chip chiratidzo uye inonyora chiratidzo kune iyo Shift Matatu kunze kweMatanhatu mabasa. Iri basa rinoshandisa 16-chip shift register mune software. Chiratidzo chakanyorwa kune diki diki yebhayiti yeshift register. Rejista inochinjirwa kuruboshwe kaviri. Izvi zvinodzokororwa katatu. Kana iyo byte yakakwana iripo mune yepamusoro byte yeshift regisheni, inopindurwa uye inonyorerwa kuFIFO.
Sezvo yega yega yedata yakavharwa senge nehafu encoded bytes, zvakakosha kudzima rejista yekuchinja pakutanga kuitira kuti yekutanga encoded byte ive chaiyo. Kana kureba kwepakiti iri nhamba isinganzwisisike, mushure mekukodha ese mabhayiti, pachasara imwe nibble yasara mushift register. Izvi zvinobatwa nechiposo sezvakatsanangurwa muchikamu chinotevera.
Kudhirodha matatu kubva matanhatu encoded ndiyo inodzosera maitiro. Pakudhirodha, matatu encoded byte anotemwa kuita maviri data byte. Iyo software shift register inoshandiswa zvakare kuunganidza bytes yedecoded data. A 64-yekupinda inverse yekutarisa-tafura inoshandiswa pakudhirodha. Izvi zvinoshandisa mashoma mashoma asi yakawanda kodhi ndangariro. Kutsvaga tafura ye16-yekupinda yekutarisa-yechiratidzo inoenderana kunotora nguva yakareba.
Postamble
Iyo Wireless M-bhazi yakatarwa ine chaiyo inodiwa kune iyo postamble kana trailer. Kune ese modhi, iyo shoma machipisi maviri, uye iyo yakakwira machipisi masere. Sezvo iyo shoma yeatomic unit yeFIFO iri imwe byte, 8-chip trailer inoshandiswa kuMode S uye Mode R. Iyo Mode T postamble machipisi masere kana kureba kwepakiti kuri kunyange kana machipisi mana kana urefu hwepakiti husinganzwisisike. Iyo ina-chip postamble yehurefu hwepaketi isinganzwisisike inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekuve nemachipi maviri anochinjana.
Tafura 7. Kureba kwePostamble

	Postamble Length (machipisi)
	min	max	Implementation		chip kutevedzana
Modhi S	2	8	8		1010101
Mode T	2	8	4	(zvisinganzwisisike)	101
			8	(nyangwe)	1010101
Modhi R	2	8	8		1010101

Packet Handler

Iyo packet inobata paSi443x inogona kushandiswa mune inoshanduka packet wide mode kana yakagadziriswa packet width mode. Iyo inochinjika packet width mode inoda packet urefu byte mushure meizwi rekubatanidza uye sarudzo yemusoro mabhaiti. Pakugashira, iyo Radio inoshandisa kureba byte kuona kupera kwepaketi inoshanda. Pakutapurirana, redhiyo inoisa iyo yakareba ndima mushure memusoro mabhayiti.
Iyo L munda weiyo isina waya M-bhazi protocol haigone kushandiswa kune iyo Si443x kureba ndima. Kutanga, iyo L munda haisi iyo chaiyo yepakiti kureba. Ndiyo nhamba yelink layer payload byte isingasanganisire iyo CRC bytes kana encoding. Kechipiri, iyo L -munda pachayo yakavharirwa uchishandisa ingave yeManchester encoding kana Tatu kunze kwenhanhatu encoding yeMode T mita kune imwe.
Iko kusevenzesa kunoshandisa mubati wepaketi mune yakagadziriswa pakiti hupamhi modhi kune zvese kutapurirana uye kugamuchira. Pamusoro pekutapurirana, iyo PHY layer inoverenga L ndima mune yekutumira buffer uye kuverenga huwandu hwema encoded byte, kusanganisira iyo postamble. Huwandu hwese hwema encoded byte achafambiswa anonyorerwa kuPacket Length rejista (0x3E).
Pakugamuchirwa, maviri ekutanga encoded byte anotemwa, uye iyo L-munda inonyorerwa kune inogashira buffer. Iyo L-munda inoshandiswa kuverenga huwandu hwema encoded bytes kuti agamuchirwe. Huwandu hwema encoded bytes anogashirwa anobva anyorerwa kuPacket Length rejista (0x3E). Positi inoraswa.
Iyo MCU inofanirwa decode iyo L-munda, kuverenga nhamba yemaencoded byte, uye kunyora kukosha kune Packet Length register risati rasvika kureba kwepaketi kusati kwagamuchirwa. Ipfupi inotenderwa L-munda yePHY layer ndeye 9, ichipa gumi nemaviri mabhaiti asina kukodhwa. Izvi zvinopa 12 encoded bytes yeModel T. Mabhaiti maviri ekutanga akatodhindwa. Nekudaro, iyo packet Length register inofanirwa kuvandudzwa mu18-byte nguva pa16 kbps kana 100 milliseconds. Iri harisi dambudziko kune 1.28 inomhanya pa8051 MIP.
Huwandu hwemabhaiti achagamuchirwa hausanganisire positi, kunze kwechina-chip postamble inoshandiswa paMode T mapakeji ane hurefu hwepakeji isinganzwisisike. Saka, mugamuchiri haadi positi, kunze kweiyo Model T odd urefu mapaketi. Iyi postamble inodiwa chete kupa nhamba yakazara yema encoded bytes. Zviri mukati meiyo postamble zvinofuratirwa; saka, kana iyo postamble isina kufambiswa, mana machipisi eruzha anogamuchirwa uye akafuratirwa. Sezvo huwandu hwese hwema encoded bytes huchigumira ku255 (0xFF), iyo yekumisikidza inoganhura iyo yakanyanya L-munda kune akasiyana modes.
Tafura 8. Packet Size Limits

	encoded		decoded		M-Bhazi
	bytes		bytes		L-Munda
	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Modhi S	255	FF	127	7 F	110	6E
Mode T (mamita-mamwe)	255	FF	169	A9	148	94
Modhi R	255	FF	127	7 F	110	6E

Iyi miganho inowanzo gara pamusoro peyakajairwa kesi yekushandisa yemamita isina waya. Hurefu hwepaketi hunofanirwa kuchengetwa hudiki kuti uwane hupenyu hwebhatiri hwakanakisa.
Pamusoro pezvo, mushandisi anogona kudoma huwandu hweL-munda hunofanirwa kutambirwa (USER_RX_MAX_L_FIELD). Izvi zvinotara saizi inodiwa yebhafa yekugamuchira (USER_RX_BUFFER_SIZE).
Kutsigira huwandu hweL-munda hwe255 hunoda buffer yekugamuchira ye290 bytes uye inokwana 581 Manchester encoded bytes. Mubati wepaketi waizoda kuvharwa uye iyo Packet Length rejista yaisagona kushandiswa mune iyo kesi. Izvi zvinogoneka, asi zviri nyore kushandisa packet handle, kana zvichibvira.

Kushandiswa kweFIFO

Iyo Si4431 inopa 64 byte FIFO yekufambisa uye kugamuchira. Sezvo huwandu hwema encoded bytes ari 255, yese encoded packet inogona kusakwana mukati me64-byte buffer.
Transmission
Pakutapurirana, huwandu hwese hwema encoded bytes hunoverengerwa. Kana huwandu hwese hwema encoded bytes, kusanganisira iyo postamble, isingasviki 64 bytes, iyo yese packet inonyorerwa kuFIFO uye chete packet yakatumirwa kukanganisa inogoneswa. Mazhinji mapfupi mapaketi anozotumirwa mune imwe FIFO kutamiswa.
Kana huwandu hwema encoded byte hwakakura kupfuura makumi matanhatu neina, akawanda FIFO kutamiswa kunozodiwa kutumira pakiti. Ekutanga 64 bytes akanyorwa kuFIFO. Iyo Packet Yakatumirwa uye TX FIFO Anenge Empty anovhiringidza anogoneswa. Iyo TX FIFO Inenge isina chinhu pachikumbaridzo yakaiswa kune gumi nematanhatu bytes (64%). Pachiitiko chega chega cheIRQ, chimiro chechipiri rejista inoverengwa. Iyo Packet Yakatumirwa bit inotariswa kutanga, uye, kana packet isati yanyatsotumirwa, inotevera 16 bytes yedata yakavharidzirwa inonyorerwa kuFIFO. Izvi zvinoenderera mberi kusvika ese encoded byte anyorwa uye kukanganisa kwePacket Sent kunoitika.
1. Reception
Pakugashira, pekutanga, chete Sync Word kukanganisa inogoneswa. Mushure mekugamuchira izwi rekuwiriranisa, izwi rekubatanidza izwi rinovharwa uye FIFO Inenge Yakazara Kuvhiringidza inogoneswa. Iyo FIFO ingangoita chikumbaridzo chakazara chinotangwa chaiswa ku2 bytes. Yekutanga FIFO Inenge Yakazara Kuvhiringidza inoshandiswa kuziva kana mabhaiti maviri akareba agamuchirwa. Kana kureba kwave kugamuchirwa, kureba kunotemwa uye nhamba yemaencoded bytes inoverengerwa. Iyo RX FIFO inenge Yakazara chikumbaridzo inobva yaiswa ku48 bytes. Iyo RX FIFO inenge yazara uye Inoshanda Packet inovhiringidza inogoneswa. Pamusoro pechiitiko chinotevera IRQ, chimiro 1 rejista inoverengwa. Kutanga, iyo Inoshanda Packet bit inotariswa, uye ipapo iyo FIFO Inenge Yakazara Biti inotariswa. Kana chete iyo RX FIFO Inenge Yakazara Biti yakaiswa, anotevera makumi mana nemasere bytes anoverengwa kubva kuFIFO. Kana iyo inoshanda packet bit ikaiswa, iyo yasara packet inoverengwa kubva kuFIFO. Iyo MCU inocherekedza kuti mangani mabhaiti akaverengwa uye anomira kuverenga mushure mekupedzisira byte.

Dhata Rekubatanidza Rukoko

Iyo data yekubatanidza layer module inoshandisa 13757-4: 2005 inoenderana link layer. Iyo data link layer (LINK) inopa chinongedzo pakati peiyo yemuviri layer (PHY) neiyo application layer (AL).
Iyo Data Link Layer inoita zvinotevera mabasa:

Inopa mabasa anotamisa data pakati pePHY neAL
Inogadzira maCRC emashoko anobuda
Inoona zvikanganiso zveCRC mumameseji anouya
Inopa chimiro chekutaura
Inobvuma kutamiswa kwebidirectional communication modes
Maframes data bits
Inoona zvikanganiso zvekugadzira mumameseji anouya

Batanidza Layer Frame Format

Iyo Wireless M-Bus furemu fomati inoshandiswa muEN 13757-4:2005 inotorwa kubva kuFT3 (Frame Type 3) furemu fomati kubva kuIEC60870-5-2. Iyo furemu ine imwe kana anopfuura mabhuroko e data. Imwe neimwe block inosanganisira 16-bit CRC ndima. Bhokisi rekutanga ndiro rakagadziriswa-kureba bhuroko re12 bytes rinosanganisira L-munda, C-munda, M-munda, uye A-Field.

L-Munda
Iyo L-munda kureba kweiyo Link layer data payload. Izvi hazvibatanidzi iyo L-munda pachayo kana chero yeCRC byte. Inosanganisira iyo L-munda, C-munda, M-munda, uye A-Field. Izvi chikamu chePHY payload.
Nekuti huwandu hwema encoded bytes hunogumira ku255 bytes, iyo yakanyanya kutsigirwa kukosha kweM-munda i110 byte yeManchester encoded data uye 148 bytes yeMode T Matatu-Kunze-kwe-Six encoded data.
Iyo Link layer ine basa rekuverenga iyo L-munda pane kutapurirana. Iyo yekubatanidza-layer ichashandisa iyo L-munda pakugamuchira.
Ziva iyo L-munda hairatidze iyo PHY payload kureba kana huwandu hweencoded byte. Pakutapurirana, iyo PHY inoverenga iyo PHY payload kureba uye huwandu hwema encoded byte. Pakugashira, iyo PHY inosarudza iyo L-munda uye kuverenga huwandu hwemabhaiti kuti idecode.
C-Munda
Iyo C-munda ndiyo iyo furemu inodzora munda. Iyi ndima inozivisa iyo furemu mhando uye inoshandiswa kune yekubatanidza data yekuchinjana sevhisi primitives. Iyo C-munda inoratidza iyo furemu mhando - TUMA, CONFIRM, CHIKUMBIRA, kana PINDURA. Kana iri SEND neREQUEST mafuremu, iyo C-munda inoratidza kana CONFIRM kana RESPOND inotarisirwa.
Paunenge uchishandisa iyo yakakosha Link TX basa, chero kukosha kweC kunogona kushandiswa. Paunenge uchishandisa iyo Link Service Primitives, iyo C ndima inogarwa otomatiki maererano ne EN 13757-4: 2005.
M-Munda
Iyo M-munda ndiyo kodhi yemugadziri. Vagadziri vanogona kukumbira kodhi yemabhii matatu kubva kune anotevera web kero: http://www.dlms.com/flag/INDEX.HTM Chimiro chega chega chemavara-matatu kodhi akaiswa encoded semabhiti mashanu. Iyo 5-bit kodhi inogona kuwanikwa nekutora iyo ASCII kodhi uye kubvisa 0x40 ("A"). Iwo matatu 5-bit macode akabatanidzwa kuita gumi nemashanu-bits. Chinonyanya kukosha i zero.
A-Munda
Nzvimbo yekero yakasarudzika 6-byte kero kune yega yega mudziyo. Kero yakasarudzika inofanirwa kupihwa nemugadziri. Ibasa remugadziri wega wega kuona kuti mudziyo wega wega une yakasarudzika 6-byte kero. Kero yeTumira uye Kumbira mafuremu ndiyo yega kero yemamita kana imwe mudziyo. Mafuremu edata resimbiso nemhinduro anotumirwa pachishandiswa kero yemudziyo wekutanga.
CI-Munda
Iyo CI-munda ndiyo musoro wekushandisa uye inotsanangura rudzi rwe data mubhadharo yedata rekushandisa. Nepo EN13757-4:2005 ichitsanangura huwandu hushoma hwehunhu, iyo Link Service Primitives inobvumidza chero kukosha kushandiswa.
CRC
Iyo CRC inotsanangurwa mu EN13757-4: 2005.
Iyo CRC Polynomial ndeye:
X16 + x13 + x12 + x11 + x10 + x8 +x6 + x5 +x2 + 1
Ziva kuti M-Bus CRC inoverengerwa pane yega yega 16-byte block. Mhedzisiro ndeyekuti yega yega 16 bytes yedata inoda 18 bytes kuti ifambiswe,

Mamwe Mashoko

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve Link Layer Implementation, ona "AN452: Wireless M-Bus Stack Programmers Guide".

Power Management

Mufananidzo 2 unoratidza simba rekutonga nguva yemita exampuye kushandisa iyo Mode T1.

Iyo MCU inofanirwa kunge iri muSleep mode pese pazvinogoneka kuchengetedza simba. Mune exampuye, iyo MCU yakarara kana RTC iri kushanda, kana yakamirira paredhiyo crystal kutanga-up, uye pakutumira kubva kuFIFO. Iyo MCU ichamuka kubva kuEZRadioPRO IRQ siginecha yakabatana nePort Match kumuka.
Kana uchitumira mameseji akareba kupfuura bhuroka rimwe, iyo MCU inofanirwa kumuka kuzadza iyo FIFO (zvichienderana neFIFO inenge isina chinhu inovhiringidza) uye yodzokera kunorara.
Iyo MCU inofanirwa kunge iri muIdle modhi ichimhanya kubva kune yakaderera simba oscillator kana burst-mode oscillator kana uchiverenga kubva kuADC. Iyo ADC inoda wachi yeSAR.
Kana isiri kushandiswa, EZRadioPRO inofanirwa kunge iri muShutdown mode ine SDN pini inotyairwa kumusoro. Izvi zvinoda kubatana kwakaomarara kuMCU. Iwo EZ Radio Pro marejista haana kuchengetedzwa mukuvhara mode; saka, iyo EZRadioPro inotangwa pane yega yega RTC kupindirana. Kutanga iyo Radio inotora isingasviki zana µs uye inochengetedza mazana mana nA. Izvi zvinoguma negumi µJ simba rekuchengetedza, zvichienderana nepakati pegumi-sekondi.
Iyo EZRadioPRO crystal inotora anenge gumi nematanhatu ms yePOR. Iyi yakareba zvakakwana kuverenga CRC yemabhuroko masere. Iyo MCU ichadzokera kunorara kana yapedza maCRC ese kristaro isati yadzikama. Kana encryption ichidikanwa, iyo zvakare inogona kutangwa uchimirira pane crystal oscillator.
Iyo MCU inofanirwa kumhanya pa20 MHz ichishandisa yakaderera-simba oscillator kune akawanda mabasa. Mabasa anoda nguva chaiyo yekubuda anofanira kushandisa chaiyo oscillator uye idle modhi pachinzvimbo chekurara. Iyo RTC inopa sarudzo yakakwana kune mazhinji mabasa. Iyo simba rekutonga nguva ye T2 metres example application inoratidzwa muFigure 3.

Kuitwa kwetransceiver kunofanirwa kuvandudzwa kune yakajairika kesi kana mita yamuka uye pasina muverengi aripo. Iyo shoma/yakanyanya ACK nguva yekubuda yakareba zvekuti zvinogoneka kushandisa iyo C8051F930 RTC uye kuisa iyo MCU mukurara mode.
Kuvaka sarudzo dzakapihwa mains kana USB-powered vaverengi vasingade kushandisa yekurara mode. Iyo isina basa modhi ichashandiswa pachinzvimbo chekurara kuitira kuti USB neUART zvikanganise MCU.

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Zvinyorwa / Zvishandiso

SILICON LABS Wireless M-BUS Software Implementation AN451 [pdf] Bhuku reMushandisi
SILICON LABS, C8051, MCU, uye, EZRadioPRO, Wireless M-bhazi, Wireless, M-BUS, Software, Implementation, AN451

References

User Manual

Nhanganyaya