EPEVER LiFePO4 (LFP) Battery User Manual

1 Important Safety Instructions

Thank you for selecting the EPEVER LiFePO4 battery. Please read this manual carefully before using the product.

Do not use the product in humid, salt spray, corrosion, greasy, flammable, explosive, dust accumulative, or other severe environments.

Please keep this manual for future reference.

Work and Storage Precautions:

• Store the battery in a cool and dry place, away from corrosive, explosive, and insulating gases or conductive dust, as well as sources of fire, heat, and high voltage.
• Do not immerse the battery in water. Keep children out of reach of the battery.
• Avoid static electricity, as it can damage the battery protection circuit and the battery itself.
• Fix the battery securely in a reasonable environment and connect connectors reliably to avoid contact friction causing arcs and sparks.
• Handle the battery gently to avoid mechanical vibration, collision, and pressure shock, which could cause short circuits, high temperatures, and fire.
• Do not short-circuit the battery or disassemble it.
• Keep the battery in a half-charge state (40%-80% SOC is preferred). Use non-conductive materials to wrap the battery to avoid direct contact between metal and the battery.
• Dispose of discarded batteries safely; do not put them in fire or liquid.
• This battery cannot be connected in series.

Hazard Warning

• It is strictly forbidden to crush, drop, collide, puncture, burn, or perform other destructive acts on the battery.
• Do not disassemble the battery. Improper disassembly may damage the battery's protection function, causing deformation, heating, smoking, or burning.
• Do not short-circuit the battery. Connecting the positive and negative poles with conductive materials is prohibited. Storing or transporting the battery with conductive materials is also prohibited.
• Do not heat or burn batteries, as this can cause melting of components, loss of safety functions, or electrolyte combustion. Overheating can deform the battery, heat it up, cause smoke, or burn it.

Emergency Treatments

• Avoid skin and eye contact with leaking electrolyte. In case of contact, immediately wash with plenty of water and seek medical help. Do not swallow any part of the battery or its contents.
• If the battery is severely deformed or electrolyte leaks, place it in an explosion-proof box or open space if conditions permit, and evacuate personnel quickly.
• If the battery catches fire during use or storage, use a high-pressure water gun to extinguish the fire while ensuring personal safety.
• If the battery catches fire during charging, turn off the charger power first before attempting to extinguish the fire.

2 General Information

2.1 Appearance

The front panel of the battery features several components:

• 1. Battery positive terminal: For connecting the positive battery cable.
• 2. Power switch: To turn the battery on or off.
• 3. Battery negative terminal: For connecting the negative battery cable.
• 4. DIP switch (Reserved): Used for setting communication addresses in parallel configurations.
• 5. Reset button: For resetting the BMS.
• 6. POWER indicator: Shows the power status.
• 7. RUN indicator: Indicates the operational status.
• 8. ALARM indicator: Signals any alarms or faults.
• 9. Battery SOC indicator: A series of LEDs (L1-L6) indicating the State of Charge (SOC).
• 10. Dry contact interface (Reserved): For future use or specific integrations.
• 11. RS485 communication port (RJ45): Used for connecting to EPEVER inverters.
• 12. CAN communication port (Reserved): For CAN bus communication.
• 13. RS232 communication port (RJ11): Used for connecting to PC software for parameter modification and BMS upgrades.
• 14. BMS communication port (Reserved): For Battery Management System communication, often used in parallel connections.

The battery label displays key specifications:

• Model: LFP5.12KWH51.2V-P20R1
• Voltage: 51.2 V
• Capacity: 100 Ah
• Energy: 5120 Wh

Communication Port Pin Definitions:

(1) The DIP switch is used to set the communication address of the battery when connected in parallel. The address cannot be the same for multiple batteries.

(2) When the BMS is in standby or working state, press and hold the RESET button for 6 seconds to reset the BMS and restart the battery.

(3) Refer to section "2.3 LED Indicators" for details on POWER, RUN, ALARM, and Battery SOC indicators.

(4) The RS485 port (RJ45) connects to EPEVER inverters. The RS232 port (RJ11) connects to PC software for parameter modification and BMS upgrades.

(5) The BMS communication ports (dual-RJ45) are used for parallel battery connections.

2.2 Features

• Detection, alarm, and protection for cell and overall voltage (over-voltage and under-voltage).
• Detection, alarm, and protection for charge and discharge current.
• Temperature detection for cell, environment, and PCB; alarm and protection at high and low temperatures during charging and discharging.
• Detection and protection for output short-circuit.
• SOC calculation and charge/discharge cycle calculation.
• Charging equalization function to reduce charging current for high-voltage cells.
• LED indicators for battery SOC, fault status, and running status.
• BMS manual and automatic sleep functions.
• Auto charging current limit function.
• History storage function (minimum 500 storage capacity).
• RS485 communication function for real-time monitoring of BMS and battery.
• Two-level over-current protection for discharge with different response speeds for enhanced reliability.

2.3 LED Indicators

Battery Work Indicators:

⁽¹⁾ [Flash 1] means the indicator lights up for 0.25 seconds and then turns off for 3.75 seconds.

⁽²⁾ [Flash 3*] means the light marked 100% will light up for 0.5 seconds and then turn off for 0.5 seconds.

⁽³⁾ [Flash 3] means the indicator lights up for 0.5 seconds and then turns off for 1.5 seconds.

Battery SOC Indicators (Charging):

Battery SOC Indicators (Discharging):

⁽²⁾ [Flash 2] means the indicator lights up for 0.5 seconds and then turns off for 0.5 seconds.

⁽³⁾ [Flash 3] means the indicator lights up for 0.5 seconds and then turns off for 1.5 seconds.

2.4 Set the DIP Switch

When the battery pack is used in parallel, the communication address of each battery pack can be set using the DIP switch. The address cannot be set to the same for multiple batteries. In parallel mode, the battery with address 1 is the main battery. When batteries are not in parallel, the default DIP setting is 1, allowing communication with other devices.

Diagram shows a DIP switch with 4 positions labeled 1, 2, 3, 4, with ON and OFF states indicated.

3 Operation Instruction

3.1 Charging Operation

1. General Checking:
   • Thoroughly check all cables for any damage.
   • Ensure the mains supply complies with the specifications of the charger and the battery.
2. Turn off the charger and connect it to the battery. WARNING: Check the battery polarity before connecting to the charger. It is forbidden to reverse connect the battery.
3. Connect the charger to the mains supply and turn on the charger.
4. Press the power switch once. The charging process starts when the POWER and RUN indicators are ON solid.

Standard Charge:

Charge at 0.2C in an environment of 23 ± 2°C until any single cell voltage reaches the cut-off voltage (3.65V). Let it stand for 20 minutes. Then, charge at 0.02C until any single cell voltage reaches the cut-off voltage (3.65V) and let it stand for 0.5 hour. The maximum charging time shall not exceed 8 hours.

3.2 Discharging Operation

1. Before discharging, ensure the load and equipment are in the off state.
2. Connect the battery to the load and equipment correctly. WARNING: Check the battery polarity before connecting to the load and equipment. It is forbidden to reverse connect the battery.
3. Turn on the load and equipment.
4. Press the power switch once. The discharging process starts when the POWER indicator is ON solid, and the RUN indicator shows ON 0.5S -> OFF 1.5S.

Standard Discharge:

After standard charging in an environment of 23 ± 2°C, discharge the battery with a constant current of 0.5C until the battery voltage drops to the cut-off voltage (2.5V).

Precautions for Charging and Discharging:

• During summer with high temperatures (≥35°C), fast charging during the day is not recommended. If fast charging is necessary, wait at least one hour after discharging, and limit charging time to no more than half an hour.
• During winter with low temperatures (<0°C), charge the battery as soon as possible after discharge to avoid prolonged charging time due to low battery temperature.

WARNING: This lithium battery can only be used with EPEVER devices or compatible devices. It is forbidden to use the lithium battery without communication.

3.3 Battery Connection in Parallel

A schematic diagram illustrating batteries connected in parallel is provided.

4 Protections

1. Cell/Overall Over-charge Protection

   When the actual voltage of any cell/overall exceeds the over-charge protection voltage and the duration reaches the over-charge delay, the battery enters the over-charge protection state. The charging MOS and charging current limiting module are turned off, and charging is disabled.

   Protection Recovery: The over-charge protection state is released when the actual voltage of any cell/overall drops below the overcharge recovery voltage. Protection can also be released by discharging.

2. Cell/Overall Over-discharge Protection

   When the actual voltage of any cell/overall drops below the over-discharge protection voltage and the duration reaches the over-discharge delay, the battery enters the over-discharge protection state. The discharging MOS is turned off, and the battery will not discharge.

   Protection Recovery: Charge the battery to release the over-discharge protection state.

3. Charge Over-current Protection (no charging current limit function)

   When the actual charging current exceeds the charging over-current protection current and the duration reaches the over-current delay, the battery enters the charging over-current protection state and cannot be charged.

   Protection Recovery: After an over-current occurs during charging, the battery will automatically recover after a delay. After 10 consecutive attempts (configurable), the battery will be locked and will not recover. Charge over-current protection can also be released by discharging.

4. Discharge Over-current Protection

   When the actual discharge current exceeds the over-current protection current and the duration reaches the over-current delay, the battery enters the discharge over-current protection state. The battery will no longer discharge.

   Protection Recovery: After an over-current occurs during discharging, the battery will automatically recover after a delay. After 10 consecutive attempts (configurable), the battery will be locked and will not recover. Discharge over-current protection can also be released by charging the battery.

5. Charge/Discharge High Temperature Protection

   During charging and discharging, if the NTC (negative temperature coefficient thermistor) detects that the cell temperature is higher than the high temperature protection value, the charging or discharging MOSFET is turned off. In this state, the battery cannot be charged or discharged.

   Protection Recovery: The cell temperature drops to the high temperature recovery value.

6. Charge/Discharge Low Temperature Protection

   During charging and discharging, if the NTC detects that the cell temperature is lower than the low temperature protection value, the charging or discharging MOSFET is turned off. In this state, the battery cannot be charged or discharged.

   Protection Recovery: The cell temperature rises to the low temperature recovery value.

7. Environmental and PCB Temperature Alarm

   When the NTC detects that the environmental and PCB temperatures have reached the alarm value, the BMS issues a temperature alarm signal.

   Protection Recovery: The alarm will be cleared when the temperature drops to the alarm recovery value.

5 Specifications

6 Dimensions

Diagrams showing the front, side, and top views of the battery with dimensions:

• Front View Dimensions: Height 531±2mm, Width 482±2mm.
• Side View Dimensions: Height 531±2mm, Depth 176±2mm.
• Top View Dimensions: Width 482±2mm, Depth 462±2mm.
• Details on terminal mounting points and screw sizes are also indicated.

Any changes without prior notice! Version number: V1.2

Contact Information

Manufacturer: HUIZHOU EPEVER TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

Tel: +86-752-3889706

E-mail: info@epever.com

Website: www.epever.com