MEAN WELL NPB-450 Series: 450W Intelligent Battery Charger

A high-reliability, ultra-wide output range intelligent battery charger designed for diverse applications, offering advanced control and monitoring capabilities.

Key Features

Patented auto-ranging with ultra-wide charging voltage (10.5V to 100V).
Built-in CANBus protocol for control, setting, and monitoring.
Programmable 2/3 stage and charging curves via SBP-001 programmer or DIP S.W.
Manual setting for 2/3 stage and 4 built-in charging curves via DIP S.W.
Multiple protections: Short circuit, Over voltage, Over temperature, Battery under voltage, Battery reverse polarity (no damage).
Temperature compensation function to prolong battery life (for lead-acid batteries).
Wide operating temperature range: -30°C to +70°C.
Thermal controlled DC fan for noise reduction.
Remote ON/OFF control.
Smart programmer (SBP-001) and carry handle accessories available (sold separately).
Comply with IEC/EN/UL62368-1 and EN60335-1/-2-29 dual certification.
Suitable for lead-acid (Pb) and Li-ion batteries.
3-year warranty.

Applications

AGV
E-Bike, E-Scooter, Camping car, Bus, Specialty vehicles
Robotic lawn mower
Washing robot
Recreation craft, Personal yacht or workboat
Surveillance system
Telecommunication base station
Radio system backup solution
Equipments or instruments with back-up battery

Models and Specifications

The NPB-450 series offers four models with different output voltage ranges, each providing up to 450W of power.

Model	Output Voltage Range	Max Output Current (CC)	Max Power
NPB-450-12	10.5V ~ 21V	25A	420W
NPB-450-24	21V ~ 42V	13.5A	453.6W
NPB-450-48	42V ~ 80V	6.8A	456.96W
NPB-450-72	54V ~ 100V	5.5A	462W

Parameter	Specification
Input Voltage Range	90~264VAC / 127~370VDC
Frequency Range	47~63Hz
Power Factor (Typ.)	PF>0.98/115VAC, PF>0.95/230VAC at full load
Efficiency (Typ.)	92% - 93%
Leakage Current (Typ.)	<1mA (from battery)
Short Circuit Protection	Constant current limiting, shutdown after 5 sec, re-power to recover.
Over Voltage Protection	Shutdown and latch off output voltage, re-power to recover.
Over Temperature Protection	Shutdown output voltage, recovers automatically after temperature decreases.
Reverse Polarity Protection	Protected internal reverse detection, no damage, re-power to recover after fault removed.
Working Temperature	-30°C ~ +70°C
Working Humidity	20% ~ 95% RH non-condensing
Safety Standards	CB IEC62368-1, IEC60335-1/2-29, BS EN/EN62368-1, BS EN/EN60335-1/2-29, UL62368-1, EAC TP TC 004.
Withstand Voltage	I/P-O/P:3KVAC, I/P-FG:2KVAC, O/P-FG:0.5KVAC
Isolation Resistance	I/P-O/P, I/P-FG, O/P-FG: 100M Ohms/500VDC/25°C/70% RH

Technical Overview

Block Diagram Description

The charger's architecture includes an EMI filter, active inrush limiting, and a power stage comprising rectifiers, PFC (Power Factor Correction) with control, and power switching with PWM control. Auxiliary power is generated for internal operations. The output stage features rectifiers and filters, with detection circuits for over-voltage (OVP), over-temperature (OTP), and reverse polarity. A central microcontroller (MCU) manages charging stages, fan speed, and communication via CANBus, alongside handling remote ON/OFF signals, Charger OK, and Battery Full indicators.

Derating Curves Description

Ambient Temperature Derating: Output power is maintained at 100% up to a specific ambient temperature (T1). Beyond T1, power derates linearly, reaching 50% at a higher temperature (T2, typically T1 + 5°C). This ensures reliable operation across a broad temperature range.

Input Voltage Derating: The charger operates efficiently across its specified input voltage range (90-264VAC / 127-370VDC), maintaining high efficiency.

Charge Voltage vs. Output Current: The maximum output current is inversely related to the programmed charge voltage. For instance, the NPB-450-12 model delivers 25A at its voltage range, while the NPB-450-72 model delivers 5.5A at its higher voltage range.

Functionality and Control

Manual Setting (DIP Switches)

The unit is equipped with DIP switches for manual configuration. Users can select between 2-stage or 3-stage charging (default is 3-stage) and choose from four pre-defined charging curves. The DIP switch settings are detailed in the specification tables.

Programmable Charging (SBP-001)

The optional SBP-001 programmer allows for advanced customization of charging parameters. Through a connection to a personal computer, users can program 2/3 stage charging, Constant Current (CC), Tapper Current (TC), Constant Voltage (CV), Float Voltage (FV), and charging timeout settings. This flexibility accommodates various battery chemistries and industry needs.

Auto Ranging for Charging

The NPB-450 includes an 'Auto Ranging' mode, which is factory-set to OFF and is recommended for lithium batteries with a Battery Management System (BMS). When enabled, the charger automatically detects the connected battery's voltage and adjusts its output accordingly, initiating charging only when the correct voltage is detected. In this mode, the charging current can be adjusted between 50% and 100% via software.

Auto Derating Function

To ensure longevity and prevent overheating, the charger features an auto-derating function. This mechanism activates under high ambient temperatures or specific operating conditions, reducing the output power to maintain safe operating temperatures.

CANBus Communication Interface

The charger supports the CANBus 2.0B protocol, enabling comprehensive remote control, setting, and monitoring. This includes managing output voltage and current, reading internal temperature, and controlling the DC output ON/OFF. A comprehensive list of CANBus commands is available for detailed interaction.

Signals and Indicators

LED Indicators

The DC output side features LED indicators for status monitoring:

Green: Indicates Float stage (Stage 3) or Battery Full.
Orange: Indicates Charging (Stage 1 or Stage 2).
Orange (Flashing): Indicates Auto-ranging for charging is active.
Red: Signals an abnormal status, such as Over Temperature Protection (OTP), Over Voltage Protection (OVP), Short Circuit, Reverse Polarity, or Charging Timeout.
Red (Flashing): Indicates the internal temperature has reached 95°C. The unit continues to operate normally without entering OTP, but an alarm is sent via the CANBus interface.

Charger OK Signal

A TTL level signal indicating the charger's operational status. A 'High' state (4.5V-5.5V) signifies normal operation, while a 'Low' state (-0.5V-0.5V) indicates a failure or activated protection function.

Battery Full Signal

Another TTL level signal. A 'High' state (4.5V-5.5V) confirms the battery is fully charged, whereas a 'Low' state (-0.5V-0.5V) indicates the battery is currently charging.

Remote ON/OFF Control

The charger can be turned ON or OFF remotely using a dry contact connected to pins 7 (Remote ON/OFF) and 8 (+12Vaux). The default factory setting has these pins shorted, keeping the charger ON.

Temperature Compensation

For 3-stage charging, an optional NTC temperature sensor (connected to pins 13 and 14) can be used to compensate the charging voltage based on ambient temperature. This feature is designed to prolong battery life for lead-acid batteries and operates within a 0-40°C range.

Mechanical Specifications and Pin Assignments

Dimensions

The charger has dimensions of 205mm (Length) x 130mm (Width) x 55mm (Height).

DIP Switch Configuration

The DIP switches (SW1, SW2, SW3) are used to select charging stages (2 or 3) and pre-defined charging curves. For example, SW1 OFF/ON selects 3-stage/2-stage charging, respectively.

Connector Pin Assignments

The unit features a 14-pin connector (HRS DF11-14DS) for control and communication, with specific pins assigned for CANBus interface (CANH, CANL), status signals (Battery Full, Charger OK), remote control (ON/OFF), power (+3.3V, +12Vaux), ground (GND), and temperature sensing (NTC).

Accessories

Standard Accessories

The NPB-450 comes standard with an NTC sensor wire and a remote control mating wire.

Optional Accessories

Optional accessories include a carry handle (DS-Carry Handle) and foot pads for enhanced usability and portability.

For detailed installation instructions, please refer to: http://www.meanwell.com/manual.html

	MEAN WELL NPB-1700 Series: 1700W Intelligent Battery Charger Comprehensive specifications and features of the MEAN WELL NPB-1700 series 1700W intelligent battery chargers. This document details auto-ranging capabilities, CANBus control, programmable charging options, and applications for electric vehicles, industrial systems, and backup power solutions.
	MEAN WELL NPB-750 Series: 750W Intelligent Battery Charger The MEAN WELL NPB-750 series is a 750W intelligent battery charger offering ultra-wide output voltage ranges, auto-ranging charging, CANBus communication, and multiple programmable charging curves. It is designed for various applications including AGVs, e-bikes, specialty vehicles, and telecommunication systems, ensuring reliable and efficient battery charging.
	MEAN WELL NPB-1200 Series 1200W Intelligent Battery Charger High-reliability 1200W intelligent battery charger from MEAN WELL, featuring ultra-wide voltage ranges, CANBus communication, programmable charging, and robust protections. Ideal for EVs, AGVs, telecom, and industrial applications.
	MEAN WELL NPB-1700 Series: High-Reliability Intelligent Battery Charger Discover the MEAN WELL NPB-1700 series, a 1700W intelligent battery charger offering an ultra-wide output range, advanced digital control, and multiple protections. Ideal for AGVs, e-bikes, telecom systems, and more. Learn about its features, applications, and specifications.
	MEAN WELL NPP-450 Series: 450W Ultra Wide Output Range Battery Charger & Power Supply Detailed specifications and features for the MEAN WELL NPP-450 series, a 450W dual-purpose battery charger and power supply. Includes adjustable output, 3-stage charging, multiple protections, wide operating temperature, and various industrial applications.
	DBU-3200 Series 3200W Intelligent Battery Charger Explore the MEAN WELL DBU-3200 series, a 3200W intelligent single-output AC/DC enclosed battery charger. This charger supports lead-acid and Li-ion batteries, featuring programmable charging curves, PMBus/CANBus communication, and active current sharing. Ideal for UPS, backup systems, electric vehicles, and more.
	MEAN WELL ENC-180 Series: 180W Programmable Desktop Battery Charger Specifications Comprehensive specifications, features, and technical details for the MEAN WELL ENC-180 series 180W programmable desktop battery charger. Suitable for lead-acid and Li-ion batteries, offering advanced 3-stage charging and robust protection.
	MEAN WELL LRS-450 Series 450W Single Output Switching Power Supply Detailed specifications and features of the MEAN WELL LRS-450 series 450W single-output enclosed switching power supply. Includes information on input voltage, output voltage, current, efficiency, protections, environmental specifications, and safety standards.