Deye RW-F10.2 Spring Series LFP Battery User Manual

About This Manual

The manual mainly describes the product information, guidelines for installation, operation, and maintenance. The manual cannot include complete information about the solar photovoltaic-energy storage hybrid system.

How to Use This Manual

Read the manual and other related documents before performing any operation on the battery. Documents must be stored carefully and be always available. Content may be updated or modified periodically due to product update iterations. The manual is subject to change without prior notice. The latest manual can be acquired via service-ess@deye.com.cn (www.deyeess.com).

1. Safety Introductions

Reminding

• It is very important and necessary to read the user manual carefully (in the accessories) before installing or using battery. Failure to do so or to follow any of the instructions or warnings in this document can result in electrical shock, serious injury, or death, or can damage battery, potentially rendering it inoperable.
• If the battery is stored for long time, it is required to charge them every six months, and the SOC should be no less than 50%.
• Battery needs to be recharged within 48 hours after fully discharged.
• Do not expose cable outside.
• All the battery terminals must be disconnected for maintenance.
• Please contact the supplier within 24 hours if there is something abnormal.
• Do not use cleaning solvents to clean battery.
• Do not expose battery to flammable or harsh chemicals or vapors.
• Do not paint any part of Battery, include any internal or external components.
• Do not connect battery with PV solar wiring directly.
• The warranty claims are excluded for direct or indirect damage due to items above.
• Any foreign object is prohibited to insert into any part of battery.

[recycle] [Li-ion]

1.1 Before Connecting

Warning

• After unpacking, please check product and packing list first, if product is damaged or lack of parts, please contact with the local retailer.
• Before installation, be sure to cut off the grid power and make sure the battery is in the turned-off mode.
• Wiring must be correct, do not mistake the positive and negative cables, and ensure no short circuit with the external device.
• It is prohibited to connect the battery and AC power directly.
• Battery system must be well grounded and the resistance must be less than 1Ω.
• Please ensured the electrical parameters of battery system are compatible to related equipment.
• Keep the battery away from water and fire.

1.2 In Using

• If the battery system needs to be moved or repaired, the power must be cut off and the battery is completely shut down.
• It is prohibited to connect the battery with different type of Battery.
• It is prohibited to put the batteries working with faulty or incompatible inverter.
• It is prohibited to disassemble the battery.
• In case of fire, only dry fire extinguishers can be used. Liquid fire extinguishers are forbidden.
• Please do not open, repair, or disassemble the battery except staffs from DEYE or authorized by DEYE. Deye does not undertake any consequences or related responsibility which because of violation of safety operation or violating of design, production, and equipment safety standards.

2. Introduction

The RW-F10.2 lithium iron phosphate battery is one of new energy storage products developed and produced by DEYE, it can be used to support reliable power for various types of equipment and systems.

The RW-F10.2 is especially suitable for application scene of high power, limited installation space and long cycle life.

The RW-F10.2 has built-in BMS battery management system, which can manage and monitor cells information including voltage, current and temperature. The BMS can balance cells charging and discharging to extend cycle life.

Multiple batteries can connect in parallel to expand capacity and power in parallel for larger capacity and longer power supporting duration requirements.

2.1 Product Features

• Cobalt Free Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) Battery, offering safety, long lifespan, and high-energy density. Features Low Voltage safety connection.
• Maximum support for 1C charge and 1.25C discharge.
• Supports a maximum of 6000 cycles at 90% DOD, with a 10-year standard warranty.
• Battery management system (BMS) includes protection functions for over-discharge, over-charge, over-current, and high & low temperature.
• Built-in Intelligent BMS provides complete protection. Features natural cooling, IP65 rating, and a wide temperature range: -20°C to 55°C.
• Modular design, easy to expand, supporting up to 32 units in parallel for a maximum capacity of 320kWh. Suitable for residential and commercial applications to increase self-consumption ratio.
• Battery module auto-networking (No DIP switch code) allows for easy maintenance and supports Deye remotely monitoring and upgrade. It also supports Deye inverters to form an all-in-one system.
• Uses environmental protection materials; the entire module is non-toxic and pollution-free.
• Flat design, suitable for Wall-mounting with a Wall Bracket or Floor Stand with a removable base, saving installation space.

2.2 Product Overview

This section details the front and side panel of the interface functions. The product interface is shown for the RW-F10.2.

Product Interface Components:

• 1. BMS Switch
• 2. Battery negative (-) terminal
• 3. Battery positive (+) terminal
• 4. Inverter CAN/RS485 port (PCS)
• 5. Micro circuit breaker
• 6. Parallel communication port IN
• 7. Handle
• 8. Grounding bolt
• 9. Parallel communication port OUT
• 10. Breather valve
• 11. Battery indicators

BMS Switch: Used to turn ON/OFF the whole battery BMS standby, disabling power output.

PCS (Inverter communication terminal): This RJ45 port follows the CAN protocol (baud rate: 500K) and is used to output battery information to the inverter.

Parallel Communication Terminal (IN): An RJ45 port used to connect the "OUT" terminal of a previous battery for communication between multiple parallel batteries.

Parallel Communication Terminal (OUT): An RJ45 port used to connect the "IN" terminal of the next battery for communication between multiple parallel batteries.

LED Status Indicators Instructions:

Error: Red on the right and green on the left, long bright if equipment is protected.

SOC: Battery capacity indicator, shown as a green light strip.

Grounding bolt: For connecting the battery to the PE (Protective Earth).

BMS function:

2.3 Product Size

Diagram showing the dimensions of the battery unit. Approximate dimensions are 600mm width, 760mm height, and 200mm depth.

2.4 Technical Data

[1] DC Usable Energy, test conditions: 90% DOD, 0.5C charge & discharge at 25°C. System usable energy may vary due to system configuration parameters.

[2] The current is affected by temperature and SOC.

[3] Conditions apply, refer to Deye Warranty Letter.

[4] Made in China

2.5 Product application solutions

The following illustration shows basic application of this battery. It also includes following devices to have a complete running system:

• Generator or Utility
• PV modules
• Hybrid Inverters (Charge & Discharge)

Consult with your system integrator for other possible system architectures depending on your requirements.

The diagram illustrates a typical solar energy storage system setup, showing connections between PV Array, Deye Battery, Smart Load, Grid-connected Inverter, Generator, ATS, Backup Load, On-Grid Home Load, Cloud services, and phone via WiFi/GPRS. AC cable and DC cable are indicated.

3. Parts List

Check the equipment before installation. Please make sure nothing is damaged in the package. You should have received the items in the following package:

• Battery pack x1
• Communication Line x2
• Ground wires x1
• Fixed Supports x2
• Retractable Rack x2
• Stainless steel anti-collision bolt M6 x6pcs
• Hanging board mounting screws M6 x14
• User Manual x1
• Simple wall bracket x1
• Simple back bracket x2
• RW-F10.2 PCable x1
• Tube terminal x2
• Connector plug x2

4. Preparations for Installation

4.1 Explanation of Symbol

DANGER/HIGH VOLTAGE INSIDE

CAUTION:

• Do not disassemble or alter the battery in any way.
• Do not use the battery for purposes not described in its documentation.
• ⚠️ Do not drop, strike, puncture, or step on the battery.
• In case of electrolyte leakage, keep leaked electrolyte away from contact with eyes or skin, immediately clean with water and seek help from a doctor.
• ? Do not put the battery into a fire. Do not use it or leave it in a place near fire, heaters, or high temperature sources.
• ? Do not submerge the battery in water, or expose it to moisture.
• Do not allow the terminals to contact exposed wire or metal.
• The battery is heavy and can cause injury if not handled safely.
• ? Keep out of reach of children or animals.

☀️❌ No direct sunlight!

?❌ Keep away from heat!

CAUTION! Do not plug or unplug the power cables when the T-BAT system is on, doing so could result in an arc discharge which could cause serious harm!

WARNING Handle With Care: No external force allows on BMS slot.

CAUTION! Ground connection is mandatory!

4.2 Tools

These tools are required to install the battery:

Torque Screwdriver, Phillips Screwdriver, Hexagon Wrench, Phillips Screwdriver, Slotted Screwdriver, Torque Wrench, Tape Measure, Driller, Pencil or Marker, Wire Stripper, Hydraulic Pliers.

NOTE: Use properly insulated tools to prevent accidental electric shock or short circuits. If insulated tools are not available, cover the entire exposed metal surfaces of the available tools, except their tips, with electrical tape.

4.3 Safety Gear

It is recommended to wear the following safety gear when dealing with the battery pack:

Safety gloves, Safety goggles, Safety shoes.

5. Mounting instructions

5.1 Installation Precaution

Lithium battery is designed for indoor use. Please avoid direct sunlight, rain exposure, snow laying up during installation and operation.

Please make sure the installation site meets below conditions:

• Not in direct sunlight.
• Not in areas where highly flammable materials are stored.
• Not in potential explosive areas.
• Not in the cool air directly.
• Not higher than altitude of about 2000 meters above sea level.
• Not in environment of precipitation or humidity (>95%).

5.2 Installation Location

Make sure that the installation location meets the following conditions:

• Indoor installation.
• The area is completely water proof.
• The wall is flat and level.
• There are no flammable or explosive materials.
• The ambient temperature is within the range from -20°C to 50°C.
• The temperature and humidity are maintained at a constant level.
• There is minimal dust and dirt in the area.
• The distance from heat source is more than 2 meters.
• The distance from air outlet of inverter is more than 0.5 meters.
• Do not cover or wrap the battery case or cabinet.
• Do not place at a children or pet touchable area.
• The installation area shall avoid of direct sunlight.
• There are no mandatory ventilation requirements for battery module, but please avoid of installation in confined area. The aeration shall avoid of high salinity, humidity, or temperature.

CAUTION

If the ambient temperature is outside the operating range, the battery pack stops operating to protect itself. The optimal temperature range for the battery pack to operate is 15°C to 35°C. Frequent exposure to harsh temperatures may deteriorate the performance and life of the battery pack.

Diagrams show spacing requirements: Battery modules in parallel require > 300mm spacing. Wall hanging requires 0~40mm from the wall and ≥50mm from the ground.

5.3 Mounting the Battery

CAUTION

Remember that this battery is heavy! Please be careful when lifting out from the package.

5.3.1 Wall-Mounted method

a) Keep a distance of more than 400mm from the ground. After fixing the wall bracket, put a sticker on the right side (between 5 and 10mm). And a sticker on the top of it (between 120 and 130mm). Mark the drill hole location at the appropriate location. The installation location description should meet the size requirements of the figure.

b) Choose the recommended drill head (as shown in Figure 5-1) to drill 4 holes on the wall, 100mm-110mm deep.

c) Use a proper hammer to fix the hanging plate to the wall, fit the expansion bolt (M6*100) into the holes, as shown in Figure 5-1.

d) Use the 10 screws of M6 to fix the backplane to the back of the battery as shown in Figure 5-2.

e) Then lifting the RW-F10.2 along the position of the sticker, push it on the wall bracket.

f) Fasten the screw head of the expansion bolt to finish the mounting.

g) Carry the battery and holding it, fix the battery on the plate after fixing the hanging plate to the wall. Ensure that the upper and lower positions of the battery backplane hook are accurately buckled on the hanging plate, as shown in Figure 5-3.

5.3.2 Floor-Mounted method

a) Fixing the foot cup to the bottom brackets.

b) Adjust the length of the cup according to the flatness of the ground.

c) Fixing the brackets to the wall. The distance between the holes of the retractable support is 25mm. The maximum length of the retractable bracket is 485mm and the minimum length is 335mm. And make sure the wall fixing plate is attached to the wall to complete the installation. Retractable legs (dashed frame) are optional and can be added according to demand.

d) Stand the battery on the side of the wall, mark the location of the fixing hole. Choose the recommended drill head to drill 2 holes on the wall, 100-110mm deep, as shown in Figure 5-2 and Figure 5-5.

e) Use a proper hammer to fix the battery to the wall, fit the expansion bolt into the holes, as shown in Figure 5-2.

f) Adjust the left and right screws to the appropriate position to ensure that the battery is perpendicular to the ground, as shown in Figure 5-6.

g) The installation results are as follows.

5.4 Batteries in parallel

5.4.1 Wiring Instructions

Part 1: Package contents

1: Socket Package, 2: Grommet, 3: Gripping Jaw, 4: Nut, 5: Barrel sealing (Only for cable size 35mm²)

Part 2: Plug Assembly Instruction

Step 1: Strip off the jacket of the cable (13~14mm).

Step 2: Put the nut, the Grommet and the gripping jaw on the cable as shown.

Step 3: Insert the conductor into the lug. (Note: It needs to be closed here. When 35mm² cable applies, assemble barrel into the lug firstly).

Step 4: Crimping the lug as shown (9.5±0.2mm). Use Hydraulic Pliers.

Notes: The recommended crimp sizes are only for reference. The customer should adjust them according to cable specification and crimp tool and test results including temperature rise and metallographic analysis and pullout force.

Step 5: Push the seal, the jaw and the nut into the socket, then screw it.

Step 6: Schematic diagram of matching plug and socket. (Warning: Do not disconnect under load)

5.4.2 Description of terminal crimping

1. Prepare materials, obtain ENY 35-16 terminal, and its crimp wire.
2. Wire, peel 18MM to 19MM.
3. Insert the wire into the ENY 35-16 terminal until it cannot be inserted.
4. Observe that 0.1 mm to 1MM copper wire is exposed at the end of the terminal, that is, the copper wire is inserted in place, and press the wire using appropriate crimping pliers (Hydraulic Pliers).
5. The figure after crimping is complete.

5.4.3 Parallel mode 1 (It is suitable for scenarios where the inverter power ≤ 15kW)

CAUTION

Cable requirements: The cross-sectional area of the cable must be at least 35 square meters. It should be noted that the maximum current of the first battery is 250A (inverter power must not exceed 15kW). Exceeding 250A will cause heating of the connectors and cable, and in severe cases, it will cause a fire accident.

If the inverter power exceeds 15kW, the parallel mode must be used mode 2!

Schematic diagram of parallel connection of low-power system batteries: Shows a single hybrid inverter (Max. 15kW) connected to multiple Deye batteries in parallel. Connections include Positive Power line (red), Negative Power line (black), and RJ45 CAN communication line (blue). Parallel terminals are shown with a Max. 250A rating.

5.4.4 Parallel mode 2 (It is suitable for scenarios where the inverter power > 15kW)

Schematic diagram of parallel connection of high-power system batteries: Shows multiple Deye batteries connected in parallel to a hybrid inverter. Connections include Positive Power line (red), Negative Power line (black), and RJ45 CAN communication line (blue). Parallel terminals have a Max. 250A rating. Max. charge & discharge is > 250A.

For larger capacity systems: Shows multiple hybrid inverters connected to multiple Deye batteries in parallel. Connections include Positive Power line (red), Negative Power line (black), and RJ45 CAN communication line (blue). Max. 16pcs batteries can be connected per inverter.

5.5 Electrical schematic diagram

This diagram is for each battery module, showing connections to BMS, Micro Circuit Breaker, LED, and power terminals. It includes PCS port connections (485+, 485-, CANH, CANL) and parallel communication ports (IN, OUT).

5.6 Battery connected to inverter

For the Australian Market, an overcurrent protection and isolation device that isolates both positive and negative conductors simultaneously is required between the battery system and inverter.

Diagrams show: Single battery connected to inverter; Two batteries connected to inverter; Three batteries connected to inverter. All diagrams illustrate connections using positive (red), negative (black), and RJ45 communication (blue) lines to the inverter and batteries.

5.7 Visual Inspection of the Connection

After connecting the battery, check for:

• Usage of positive and negative cables.
• Connection of the positive and negative terminals.
• All the bolts are tightened.
• Cables fixation and the appearance.
• The installation of the protecting cover.

5.8 System startup and shutdown

Power on steps:

After installation, wiring, and configuration, you must check all connections. When the connection is correct:

1. After the inverter is connected to the battery pack in the off state, turn on the inverter first. When the screen lights up, turn on the battery pack circuit breaker ("OFF" to the "ON").
2. Press the switch button.
3. When the LED is fully lit, the power is successfully powered on.

Power down steps:

1. Press the battery switch first.
2. When the LED stops shining, disconnect the circuit breaker of the battery pack ("ON" to the "OFF").
3. Shut down the inverter.
4. Complete shutdown.

5.9 Method of monitoring parallel units

Monitoring requires external software, either through an inverter or individually.

Inverter: Connect the battery pack's PCS communication port to the inverter with a network cable. Set the inverter to the lithium mode. Battery pack information can be read after successful communication.

Separate monitoring: Use the CAN box to connect the IN or OUT communication port of the battery pack and open the host computer of Deye to read the information of the battery pack.

5.10 Method of monitoring units

Monitoring requires external software, either through an inverter or individually.

Inverter: Connect the battery pack's PCS communication port to the inverter with a network cable. Set the inverter to the lithium mode. Battery pack information can be read after successful communication.

Separate monitoring: Use the CAN box to connect the IN or OUT communication port of the battery pack and open the host computer of Deye to read the information of the battery pack.

The document includes screenshots of the "LVESS Monitor V1.18" software interface, showing detailed battery parameters like cell voltage, temperature, SOC, and status for individual and parallel modules.

6. Inspection, Cleaning and Maintenance

6.1 General Information

• The battery product is not fully charged. It is recommended that the installation be completed within 3 months after arrival.
• During the maintenance process, do not re-install the battery in the battery product. Otherwise, the performance of the battery will be reduced.
• It is forbidden to dismantle any battery in the battery product, and it is forbidden to dissect the battery.
• After the battery product is over-discharged, it is recommended to charge the battery within 48 hours. The battery product can also be charged in parallel. After the battery product is connected in parallel, the charger only needs to connect the output port of any product battery.
• Never attempt to open or dismantle the battery! The inside of the battery does not contain serviceable parts.
• Disconnect the Li-Ion battery from all loads and charging devices before performing cleaning and maintenance activities.
• Place the enclosed protective caps over the terminals before cleaning and maintenance activities to avoid the risk of contacting the terminals.

6.2 Inspection

• Inspect for loose and/or damaged wiring and contacts, cracks, deformations, leakage, or damage of any other kind. If damage to the battery is found, it must be replaced. Do not attempt to charge or use a damaged battery. Do not touch the liquid from a ruptured battery.
• Regularly check the battery's state of charge. Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries will slowly self-discharge when not in use or whilst in storage.
• Consider replacing the battery with a new one if you note either of the following conditions:
  • The battery run time drops below 70% of the original run time.
  • The battery charge time increases significantly.

6.3 Cleaning

If necessary, clean the Li-Ion battery with a soft, dry cloth. Never use liquids, solvents, or abrasives to clean the Li-Ion battery.

6.4 Maintenance

The Li-Ion battery is maintenance free. Charge the battery to approximately > 80% of its capacity at least once every year to preserve the battery's capacity.

6.5 Storage

• The battery product should be stored in a dry, cool, and cool environment.
• Generally, the maximum storage period at room temperature is 6 months. When the battery is stored over 6 months, it is recommended to check the battery voltage. If the voltage is higher than 51.2V, it can continue to store the battery. In addition, it is needed to check the voltage at least once a month until the voltage is lower than 51.2V. When the voltage of the battery is lower than 51.2V, it must to be charged according to the charging strategy.
• The charging strategy is as follows: discharge the battery to the cutoff voltage with 0.2C(40A) current, and then charge with 0.2C(40A) current for about 3 hours. Keep the SOC of the battery at 40%-60% when stored.
• When the battery product is stored, the source of ignition or high temperature should be avoided and it should be kept away from explosive and flammable areas.

7. Troubleshooting

To determine the status of the battery system, users must use additional battery status monitoring software to examine the protection mode. Refer to the installation manual about using the monitoring software. Once the user knows the protection mode, refer to the following sections for solutions.

Table 7-1: Troubleshooting

By checking the above data and sending the data to the service personnel of Deye, the service personnel will reply with the corresponding solution after receiving the data.

8. Battery recovery

Aluminum, copper, lithium, iron, and other metal materials are recovered from discarded LiFePO4 batteries by advanced hydrometallurgical process, and the comprehensive recovery efficiency can reach 80%. The specific process steps are as follows.

8.1 Recovery process and steps of cathode materials

Aluminum foil as collector is an amphoteric metal. Firstly, it is dissolved in NaOH alkali solution to make aluminum enter the solution in the form of NaAlO2. After filtration, the filtrate is neutralized with sulfuric acid solution and precipitated to obtain Al (OH)3. When the pH value is above 9.0, most of the aluminum precipitates, and the obtained Al (OH)3 can reach the level of chemical purity after analysis.

The filter residue is dissolved with sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, so that lithium iron phosphate enters the solution in the form of Fe2 (SO4) 3 and Li2SO4, and is separated from carbon black and carbon coated on the surface of lithium iron phosphate. After filtration and separation, the pH value of the filtrate is adjusted with NaOH and ammonia water. First, iron is precipitated with Fe (OH) 3, and the remaining solution is precipitated with saturated Na2CO3 solution at 90 °C.

Since FePO4 is slightly dissolved in nitric acid, the filter residue is dissolved with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide, which directly precipitates FePO4, separates impurities such as carbon black from acid solution, leaches Fe (OH) 3 from filter residue respectively, and precipitates Li2CO3 with saturated Na2CO3 solution at 90 °C.

8.2 Recovery of anode materials

The recovery process of anode materials is relatively simple. After the separation of anode plates, the purity of copper can be more than 99%, which can be used for further refining electrolytic copper.

8.3 Recovery of diaphragm

The diaphragm material is mainly harmless, and has no recycling value.

8.4 List of recycling equipment

Automatic dismantling machine, pulverizers, wet gold pool, etc.

9. Transportation Requirements

The battery products should be transported after packaging and during the transportation process; severe vibration, impact, or extrusion should be prevented to prevent sun and rain. It can be transported using vehicles such as cars, trains, and ships.

Always check all applicable local, national, and international regulations before transporting a Lithium Iron Phosphate battery.

Transporting an end-of-life, damaged, or recalled battery may, in certain cases, be specially limited or prohibited.

The transport of the Li-Ion battery falls under hazard class UN3480, class 9. For transport over water, air and land, the battery falls within packaging group PI965 Section I. Use Class 9 Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods and UN Identification labels for transportation of lithium-ion batteries which are assigned Class 9. Refer to relevant transportation documents.

Figure 9-1: Class 9 Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods and UN Identification Label is shown.