Deye Spring Series LFP Battery RW-M6.1 User Manual

About This Manual

This manual primarily describes the product information, guidelines for installation, operation, and maintenance. It does not include complete information about the solar photovoltaic-energy storage hybrid system.

How to Use This Manual

Read this manual and other related documents before performing any operation on the battery. Documents must be stored carefully and be always available. Contents may be periodically updated or revised due to product development. The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. The latest manual can be acquired via service-ess@deye.com.cn (www.deyeess.com).

1 Safety Introductions

⚠ Reminding

1. It is very important and necessary to read the user manual carefully (in the accessories) before installing or using the battery. Failure to do so or to follow any of the instructions or warnings in this document can result in electrical shock, serious injury, or death, or can damage the battery, potentially rendering it inoperable.
2. If the battery is stored for a long time, it is required to charge them every six months, and the State of Charge (SOC) should be no less than 50%.
3. Battery needs to be recharged within 48 hours after fully discharged.
4. Do not expose cables outside.
5. All battery terminals must be disconnected for maintenance.
6. Please contact the supplier within 24 hours if there is something abnormal.
7. Do not use cleaning solvents to clean the battery.
8. Do not expose the battery to flammable or harsh chemicals or vapors.
9. Do not paint any part of the Battery, including any internal or external components.
10. Do not connect the battery with PV solar wiring directly.
11. Warranty claims are excluded for direct or indirect damage due to the items above.
12. Any foreign object is prohibited from being inserted into any part of the battery.

Li-ion

1.1 Before Connecting

1. After unpacking, please check the product and packing list first. If the product is damaged or lacks parts, please contact the local retailer.
2. Before installation, be sure to cut off the grid power and make sure the battery is in the turned-off mode.
3. Wiring must be correct; do not mistake the positive and negative cables, and ensure no short circuit with the external device.
4. It is prohibited to connect the battery and AC power directly.
5. The battery system must be well grounded, and the resistance must be less than 1Ω.
6. Please ensure the electrical parameters of the battery system are compatible with related equipment.
7. Keep the battery away from water and fire.

1.2 In Using

1. If the battery system needs to be moved or repaired, the power must be cut off, and the battery must be completely shut down.
2. It is prohibited to connect the battery with a different type of battery.
3. It is prohibited to use batteries working with a faulty or incompatible inverter.
4. It is prohibited to disassemble the battery.
5. In case of fire, only dry fire extinguishers can be used. Liquid fire extinguishers are forbidden.
6. Please do not open, repair, or disassemble the battery except by staff from DEYE or authorized by DEYE. DEYE does not undertake any consequences or related responsibility due to violation of safety operation or violation of design, production, and equipment safety standards.

2 Introduction

The RW-M6.1 lithium iron phosphate battery is one of the new energy storage products developed and produced by DEYE. It can be used to support reliable power for various types of equipment and systems.

The RW-M6.1 is especially suitable for application scenarios requiring high power, limited installation space, and long cycle life.

The RW-M6.1 has a built-in BMS (Battery Management System), which can manage and monitor cells' information, including voltage, current, and temperature. Furthermore, the BMS can balance cells during charging and discharging to extend cycle life.

Multiple batteries can connect in parallel to expand capacity and power, meeting larger capacity and longer power supporting duration requirements.

2.1 Product Features

1. The whole module is non-toxic, non-polluting, and environmentally friendly.
2. Cathode material is made from LiFePO4, offering safety performance and long cycle life.
3. The Battery Management System (BMS) has protection functions including over-discharge, over-charge, over-current, and high & low temperature.
4. The system can automatically manage charge and discharge states and balance the current and voltage of each cell.
5. Flexible configuration: multiple battery modules can be connected in parallel for expanding capacity and power.
6. Adopted self-cooling mode rapidly reduces system noise.
7. The module has low self-discharge, usable for up to 6 months without charging on the shelf, with no memory effect, and excellent performance in shallow charge and discharge.
8. Battery module communication address auto-networking allows for easy maintenance and supports remote monitoring and firmware upgrades.
9. High-power density: flat design, suitable for wall-mounted and floor-mount installations, saving installation space.

2.2 Product Overview

This section details the front and side panel interface functions of the RW-M6.1 Product Interface.

Interface Description:

• 1. Battery negative
• 2. Battery positive
• 3. Pressure release valve
• 4. Parallel communication port IN (RJ45 port) Connect to the “OUT” Terminal of the Previous battery for communication between multiple parallel batteries.
• 5. Inverter CAN/RS485 port PCS (RJ45 port) follows the CAN protocol (baud rate: 500K), used to output battery information to the inverter.
• 6. Battery indicators (RUN, ALM, SOC)
• 7. Foldable handle
• 8. USB port for update firmware
• 9. Parallel communication port OUT (RJ45 port) Connect to the “IN” Terminal of the Next battery for communication between multiple parallel batteries.
• 10. Grounding bolt
• 11. Power switch

Power Switch: Turns the entire battery BMS standby ON/OFF; no power output.

RUN LED: 1 green LED lights up to show the battery running status.

ALM LED: 1 red LED lights up to show the battery is under protection.

SOC LED: 5 green LEDs show the battery's current capacity, with each light representing 20% capacity.

LED Status Indicators Instructions

Grounding bolt

For the battery connecting to the PE (Protective Earth).

BMS function:

2.3 Product Size

Diagram shows the battery dimensions with height, width, and depth. Specific measurements are indicated: Width 740mm, Height 523mm, Depth 145mm (without base, 161mm with hanging board).

2.4 Technical Data

Main Parameter

Other Parameter

[1] DC Usable Energy, test conditions: 90% DOD, 0.5C charge & discharge at 25°C. System usable energy may vary due to system configuration parameters.

[2] The current is affected by temperature and SOC.

2.5 Product Application Solutions

The following illustration shows basic application of this battery. It also includes following devices to have a complete running system:

• Generator or Utility
• PV modules
• Hybrid Inverters (Charge & Discharge)

Consult with your system integrator for other possible system architectures depending on your requirements.

System Diagram Description: The diagram illustrates a solar energy storage system. It shows a PV Array connected via DC cable to a Hybrid Inverter. The battery (Deye) is also connected to the Hybrid Inverter via DC cables. The system includes components like Backup Load, On-Grid Home Load, and Grid. Communication links like Wi-Fi and GPRS are shown connecting to Cloud services and a phone. A Generator is also depicted as part of the system, connected via an ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch).

The picture is only an effect picture; please refer to the actual product. The final interpretation right belongs to DEYE.

3 Parts List

Check the equipment before installation. Please make sure nothing is damaged in the package. You should have received the items in the following package:

• Battery pack x1
• RW-M6.1-BCable x3
• Ground wires x1
• Hanging Board x2
• Stainless steel anti-collision bolt M6×100 x4
• Hanging Board mounting screws M6*10 x6
• Fixed support x4
• User Manual x1

4 Preparations for Installation

4.1 Explanation of Symbol

This section explains symbols used in the manual:

• ⚠ Warning: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation.
• ⚡ High Voltage Inside: Indicates dangerous voltage levels.
• ⛔ Prohibition: Indicates actions that are forbidden.
• ✅ Checkmark: Indicates a correct or approved action/state.
• ❌ Cross Mark: Indicates an incorrect or prohibited action/state.
• Li-ion: Refers to Lithium-ion battery technology.
• No direct sunlight!: Avoid direct sunlight exposure.
• Keep away from heat!: Avoid proximity to heat sources.
• CAUTION!: Indicates important safety information.
• WARNING: Indicates a serious warning.

4.2 Tools

These tools are required to install the battery:

• Torque Screwdriver
• Phillips Screwdriver
• Hexagon Wrench
• Slotted Screwdriver
• Tape Measure
• Driller
• Pencil or Marker

4.3 Safety Gear

It is recommended to wear the following safety gear when dealing with the battery pack:

• Safety gloves
• Safety goggles
• Safety shoes

5 Mounting Instructions

5.1 Installation Precaution

The Lithium battery is designed for outdoor use (IP65). However, please avoid direct sunlight, rain exposure, and snow during installation and operation. Please ensure the installation site meets the following conditions:

• Not in direct sunlight.
• Not in areas where highly flammable materials are stored.
• Not in potential explosive areas.
• Not in direct airflow from cooling units.
• Not higher than an altitude of about 2000 meters above sea level.
• Not in an environment of precipitation or humidity (>95%).

5.2 Installation Location

Make sure that the installation location meets the following conditions:

• The area is completely waterproof.
• The wall is flat and level.
• There are no flammable or explosive materials.
• The ambient temperature is within the range from -20°C to 50°C.
• The temperature and humidity are maintained at a constant level.
• There is minimal dust and dirt in the area.
• The distance from heat sources is more than 2 meters.
• The distance from the air outlet of the inverter is more than 0.5 meters.
• Do not cover or wrap the battery case or cabinet.
• Do not place it in an area accessible to children or pets.
• The installation area shall avoid direct sunlight.
• There are no mandatory ventilation requirements for the battery module, but please avoid installation in confined areas. Aeration should avoid high salinity, humidity, or temperature.

⚠ CAUTION

If the ambient temperature is outside the operating range, the battery pack stops operating to protect itself. The optimal temperature range for the battery pack to operate is 15°C to 35°C. Frequent exposure to harsh temperatures may deteriorate the performance and life of the battery pack.

5.3 Mounting the Battery

⚠ CAUTION

Remember that this battery is heavy! Please be careful when lifting it out of the package.

5.3.1 Wall-Mounted method

The installation location description should meet the size requirements shown in the figure below:

a) Use the 6 screws of M6*10 to fix the backplane to the back of the battery as shown in Figure 5-1.

b) Choose the recommended drill head (as shown in Figure 5-2) to drill 4 holes on the wall, 100mm-110mm deep.

c) Use a proper hammer to fix the hanging plate to the wall, fitting the expansion bolt into the holes, as shown in Figure 5-2.

d) Fasten the screw head of the expansion bolt to finish the mounting.

e) Carry the battery and holding it, fix the battery on the plate after fixing the hanging plate to the wall. Ensure that the upper and lower positions of the battery backplane hook are accurately buckled on the hanging plate, as shown in Figure 5-3.

5.3.2 Floor-Mounted method

a) Use the 4 screws of M6*10 to fix the left and right retaining ears to the back of the battery, as shown in Figure 5-4.

b) Stand the battery on its side near the wall, mark the location of the fixing holes. Choose the recommended drill head (as shown in the picture) to drill 2 holes on the wall, 100-110mm deep, as shown in Figure 5-2 and Figure 5-5.

c) Use a proper hammer to fix the battery to the wall, fitting the expansion bolt into the holes, as shown in Figure 5-2.

d) Adjust the left and right screws to the appropriate position to ensure that the battery is perpendicular to the ground, as shown in Figure 5-6.

5.3.3 The installation is complete (Reference)

A reference image shows multiple Deye batteries installed on a wall in an outdoor setting.

5.4 Batteries in parallel

5.4.1 Parallel mode 1 (It is suitable for scenarios where the inverter power ≤ 12kW)

⚠ CAUTION

It should be noted that the maximum current of the battery terminals is 250A. If the inverter power must not exceed 12kW, exceeding 250A will cause heating of the connectors and cable, and in severe cases, it will cause a fire accident. If the inverter total power exceeds 12kW, parallel mode 2 must be used.

Schematic diagram of parallel connection of low-power system batteries: The diagram shows multiple RW-M6.1 batteries connected in parallel. Each battery has an IN and OUT port for parallel communication. A PCS port is shown for inverter communication. Positive and negative power lines connect the batteries to a Hybrid Inverter.

5.4.2 Parallel mode 2 (It is suitable for scenarios where the inverter total power ≥ 12kW)

Schematic diagram of parallel connection of high-power system batteries: The diagram shows multiple RW-M6.1 batteries connected in parallel, with a Hybrid Inverter. DC+ BUS and DC- BUS are shown connecting to the inverter. Each battery has IN and OUT ports for communication, and a PCS port for inverter communication. Positive and negative power lines connect the batteries to the system.

5.5 Visual Inspection of the Connection

After connecting the battery, check for:

• Usage of positive and negative cables.
• Connection of the positive and negative terminals.
• All bolts are tightened.
• Cables fixation and appearance.
• Installation of the protecting cover.

5.6 Activate the Product

1. Hang the RW-M6.1 battery on the wall as shown in section 5.4.
2. Connect the wires according to the pictures in section 5.4.
3. Turn on all battery power in turn.

Start the Battery: After installation, wiring, and configuration are completed, you must check all connections. When the connections are correct, press the power button to activate the battery. The green working light on the front panel of the battery will flash, indicating that the battery system is normal.

6 Inspection, Cleaning and Maintenance

6.1 General Information

• The battery product is not fully charged. It is recommended that installation be completed within 3 months after arrival.
• During maintenance, do not re-install the battery in the battery product; otherwise, the performance of the battery will be reduced.
• It is forbidden to dismantle any battery within the battery product, and it is forbidden to dissect the battery.
• After the battery product is over-discharged, it is recommended to charge the battery within 48 hours. The battery product can also be charged in parallel. After the battery product is connected in parallel, the charger only needs to connect the output port of any product battery.
• Never attempt to open or dismantle the battery! The inside of the battery does not contain serviceable parts.
• Disconnect the Li-Ion battery from all loads and charging devices before performing cleaning and maintenance activities.
• Place the enclosed protective caps over the terminals before cleaning and maintenance activities to avoid the risk of contacting the terminals.

6.2 Inspection

• Inspect for loose and/or damaged wiring and contacts, cracks, deformations, leakage, or damage of any other kind. If damage to the battery is found, it must be replaced. Do not attempt to charge or use a damaged battery. Do not touch the liquid from a ruptured battery.
• Regularly check the battery's state of charge. Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries will slowly self-discharge when not in use or whilst in storage.
• Consider replacing the battery with a new one if you note either of the following conditions:
  - The battery run time drops below 70% of the original run time.
  - The battery charge time increases significantly.

6.3 Cleaning

If necessary, clean the Li-Ion battery with a soft, dry cloth. Never use liquids, solvents, or abrasives to clean the Li-Ion battery.

6.4 Maintenance

The Li-Ion battery is maintenance-free. Charge the battery to approximately > 80% of its capacity at least once every year to preserve the battery's capacity.

6.5 Storage

• The battery product should be stored in a dry, cool environment.
• Generally, the maximum storage period at room temperature is 6 months. When the battery is stored over 6 months, it is recommended to check the battery voltage. If the voltage is higher than 51.2V, it can continue to store the battery. In addition, it is needed to check the voltage at least once a month until the voltage is lower than 51.2V. When the voltage of the battery is lower than 51.2V, it must be charged according to the charging strategy.
• The charging strategy is as follows: discharge the battery to the cutoff voltage with 0.2C (24A) current, and then charge with 0.2C (24A) current for about 3 hours. Keep the SOC of the battery at 40%-60% when stored.
• When the battery product is stored, sources of ignition or high temperature should be avoided, and it should be kept away from explosive and flammable areas.

7 Troubleshooting

To determine the status of the battery system, users must use additional battery status monitoring software to examine the protection mode. Refer to the installation manual about using the monitoring software. Once the user knows the protection mode, refer to the following sections for solutions.

Table 7-1: Troubleshooting

By checking the above data and sending the data to the service personnel of our company, the service personnel of our company will reply with the corresponding solution after receiving the data.

8 Battery recovery

Aluminum, copper, lithium, iron, and other metal materials are recovered from discarded LiFePO4 batteries by advanced hydrometallurgical process, and the comprehensive recovery efficiency can reach 80%. The specific process steps are as follows:

8.1 Recovery process and steps of cathode materials

Aluminum foil as collector is an amphoteric metal. Firstly, it is dissolved in NaOH alkali solution to make aluminum enter the solution in the form of NaAlO2. After filtration, the filtrate is neutralized with sulfuric acid solution and precipitated to obtain Al (OH)3. When the pH value is above 9.0, most of the aluminum precipitates, and the obtained Al (OH)3 can reach the level of chemical purity after analysis.

The filter residue is dissolved with sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, so that lithium iron phosphate enters the solution in the form of Fe2 (SO4) 3 and Li2SO4, and is separated from carbon black and carbon coated on the surface of lithium iron phosphate. After filtration and separation, the pH value of the filtrate is adjusted with NaOH and ammonia water. First, iron is precipitated with Fe (OH) 3, and the remaining solution is precipitated with saturated Na2CO3 solution at 90 °C.

Since FePO4 is slightly dissolved in nitric acid, the filter residue is dissolved with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide, which directly precipitates FePO4, separates impurities such as carbon black from acid solution, leaches Fe (OH) 3 from filter residue respectively, and precipitates Li2CO3 with saturated Na2CO3 solution at 90 °C.

8.2 Recovery of anode materials

The recovery process of anode materials is relatively simple. After the separation of anode plates, the purity of copper can be more than 99%, which can be used for further refining electrolytic copper.

8.3 Recovery of diaphragm

The diaphragm material is mainly harmless and has no recycling value.

8.4 List of recycling equipment

Automatic dismantling machine, pulverizers, wet gold pool, etc.

9 Transportation Requirements

The battery products should be transported after packaging, and during the transportation process, severe vibration, impact, or extrusion should be prevented. They should also be protected from sun and rain. Transportation can be done using vehicles such as cars, trains, and ships.

Always check all applicable local, national, and international regulations before transporting a Lithium Iron Phosphate battery.

Transporting an end-of-life, damaged, or recalled battery may, in certain cases, be specially limited or prohibited.

The transport of the Li-Ion battery falls under hazard class UN3480, class 9. For transport over water, air, and land, the battery falls within packaging group PI965 Section I. Use Class 9 Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods and UN Identification labels for transportation of lithium-ion batteries, which are assigned Class 9. Refer to relevant transportation documents.

Figure 9-1: Class 9 Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods and UN Identification Label