STMicroelectronics STM32WBA Mndandanda Woyambira Wogwiritsa Ntchito

Zofunika zazikulu za Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU:
Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU limapereka zida zonse zofunika za pulogalamuyo kuti mupange mapulogalamu pa STM32WBA ma microcontrollers. Ndiwosavuta kunyamula mkati mwa mndandanda wa STM32 ndipo imabwera ndi HAL ndi LL APIs, mwachitsanzoamples, ndi zigawo zapakati.

Zomangamanga Zathaview:
Kapangidwe ka Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU lili ndi magawo atatu - Mapulogalamu, Library ndi zigawo zozikidwa pa protocol, Hardware abstraction layer, madalaivala a BSP, Madalaivala a Core, ndi Low-layer APIs.

FAQ

Zomwe zikuphatikizidwa mu Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU?
Phukusili limaphatikizapo ma API otsika (LL) ndi hardware abstraction layer (HAL), mwachitsanzoamples, ntchito, middleware zigawo ngati FileX/LevelX, NetX Duo, malaibulale a mbed-crypto, ndi zina zambiri.

Kodi Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU likugwirizana ndi STM32CubeMX code jenereta?
Inde, phukusili limagwirizana kwathunthu ndi jenereta ya STM32CubeMX yopangira khodi yoyambira.

Mawu Oyamba

STM32Cube ndi njira yoyambira ya STMicroelectronics yopititsa patsogolo zopangapanga pochepetsa kuyesetsa kwachitukuko, nthawi, ndi mtengo. STM32Cube imakwirira mbiri yonse ya STM32.
STM32Cube imaphatikizapo:
- Zida zopangira mapulogalamu osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kuti zithandizire kukula kwa projekiti kuyambira pamalingaliro mpaka pakukwaniritsidwa, mwa omwe ndi:
  - STM32CubeMX, chida chosinthira mapulogalamu omwe amalola kuwongolera kachidindo ka C pogwiritsa ntchito afiti ojambula.
  - STM32CubeIDE, chida chachitukuko cha zonse-mu-chimodzi chokhala ndi kasinthidwe kozungulira, kupanga ma code, kuphatikiza ma code, ndi kukonza zolakwika.
  - STM32CubeCLT, chida chotukula mzere wa malamulo onse ndi chimodzi chokhala ndi ma code, ma boardboard, ndi mawonekedwe owongolera.
  - STM32CubeProgrammer (STM32CubeProg), chida chopangira mapulogalamu chomwe chimapezeka m'mawonekedwe azithunzi ndi mzere wamalamulo
  - STM32CubeMonitor (STM32CubeMonitor, STM32CubeMonPwr, STM32CubeMonRF, STM32CubeMonUCPD), zida zamphamvu zowunikira kuti musinthe machitidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a STM32 munthawi yeniyeni.
- Maphukusi a STM32Cube MCU ndi MPU, mapulaneti ophatikizika-pulogalamu okhazikika pamtundu uliwonse wa microcontroller ndi microprocessor (monga STM32CubeWBA ya mndandanda wa STM32WBA), womwe umaphatikizapo:
  - STM32Cube hardware abstraction layer (HAL), kuwonetsetsa kusuntha kwakukulu kudutsa STM32 portfolio
  - STM32Cube low-layer APIs, kuwonetsetsa kuti zikuyenda bwino komanso zopondaponda zokhala ndi kuwongolera kwakukulu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pa hardware.
  - Seti yosasinthika yazinthu zapakati monga ThreadX, FileX / LevelX, NetX Duo, USBX, touch library, mbed-crypto, TFM, MCUboot, OpenBL, ndi STM32_WPAN (kuphatikiza Bluetooth® Low Energy profiles ndi ntchito, Mesh, Zigbee®, OpenThread, Matter, ndi 802.15.4 MAC wosanjikiza)
  - Zida zonse zamapulogalamu ophatikizidwa okhala ndi seti zonse zotumphukira ndi applicative examples
- STM32Cube Expansion Packages, yomwe ili ndi zida zophatikizika zamapulogalamu zomwe zimakwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito a STM32Cube MCU ndi MPU Packages okhala ndi:
  - Zowonjezera za Middleware ndi zigawo zogwiritsira ntchito
  - Exampimayendetsa pama board ena apadera a STMicroelectronics

Bukuli likufotokoza momwe mungayambire ndi Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU.
- Gawo 2 STM32CubeWBA zazikuluzikulu zimalongosola mbali zazikulu za Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU.
- Gawo 3 STM32CubeWBA zomangamanga zathaview zimapatsa mphamvuview za zomangamanga za STM32CubeWBA ndi kapangidwe ka Phukusi la MCU.

Zina zambiri

Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU limayenda pa STM32 32-bit microcontrollers kutengera purosesa ya Arm® Cortex®-M33 yokhala ndi Arm® TrustZone® ndi FPU.
Zindikirani: Arm ndi TrustZone ndi zizindikiro zolembetsedwa za Arm Limited (kapena mabungwe ake) ku US ndi/kapena kwina.

Zithunzi za STM32CubeWBA

Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU limayenda pa STM32 32-bit microcontrollers kutengera purosesa ya Arm® Cortex®-M33 yokhala ndi TrustZone® ndi FPU.
STM32CubeWBA imasonkhanitsa, mu phukusi limodzi, zida zonse zophatikizika zamapulogalamu zomwe zimafunikira kupanga pulogalamu ya STM32WBA ma microcontrollers. Mogwirizana ndi gawo la STM32Cube, zigawozi ndizosavuta kunyamula, osati mkati mwa STM32WBA ma microcontrollers komanso mndandanda wina wa STM32.

STM32CubeWBA imagwirizana kwathunthu ndi jenereta ya STM32CubeMX, kuti ipange code yoyambira. Phukusili limaphatikizapo ma API a low-layer (LL) ndi hardware abstraction layer (HAL) omwe amaphimba ma microcontroller hardware, pamodzi ndi ma ex.ampimayendetsa pamagulu a STMicroelectronics. Ma HAL ndi LL APIs akupezeka mu layisensi ya BSD yotseguka kuti ogwiritsa ntchito athe.
Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU lilinso ndi gawo lapakati lapakati lomwe limapangidwa mozungulira Microsoft® Azure® RTOS middleware, ndi ma stacks ena amkati ndi otseguka, okhala ndi zofananira.amples.
Amabwera ndi malaisensi aulere, osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito:
- Azure® RTOS Yophatikizika komanso yowoneka bwino: Azure® RTOS ThreadX
- Kukhazikitsa kwa CMSIS-RTOS ndi Azure® RTOS ThreadX
- USB Host ndi Device stacks akubwera ndi makalasi ambiri: Azure® RTOS USBX
- Zapamwamba file system ndi flash translation layer: FileX / LevelX
- Ma network grade networking stack: okometsedwa kuti azigwira ntchito akubwera ndi ma protocol ambiri a IoT: NetX Duo
- OpenBooloader
- Arm® Trusted Firmware-M (TF-M) yankho la kuphatikiza
- mbed-crypto library
- ST Netwok Library
- STMTouch touch sensing library library
Ntchito zingapo ndi ziwonetsero zomwe zikukwaniritsa zigawo zonsezi zapakati zimaperekedwanso mu Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU.
Mapangidwe a gawo la Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU akuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1. STM32CubeWBA MCU Package components.

Zithunzi za STM32CubeWBAview

Njira yothetsera phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU imamangidwa mozungulira magawo atatu odziyimira pawokha omwe amalumikizana mosavuta monga momwe tafotokozera pa Chithunzi 2. STM32CubeWBA MCU yomanga phukusi.

Gawo 0

Mulingo uwu wagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

Phukusi lothandizira bolodi (BSP).

Chigawo cha Hardware abstraction layer (HAL):
- HAL zotumphukira madalaivala
- Madalaivala apansi-wosanjikiza

Kugwiritsa ntchito zotumphukira zoyambira examples.

Phukusi la Board Support (BSP)
Chigawochi chimapereka ma API okhudzana ndi zida za Hardware (monga LCD, Audio,\microSD™, ndi madalaivala a MEMS). Wapangidwa ndi magawo awiri:

Woyendetsa gawo:
Dalaivala uyu akugwirizana ndi chipangizo chakunja pa bolodi, osati ku chipangizo cha STM32. Dalaivala wagawo amapereka ma API apadera kwa madalaivala a BSP akunja ndipo amatha kunyamulika pa bolodi ina iliyonse.

BSP driver:
Dalaivala wa BSP amalola kulumikiza madalaivala a chigawocho ku bolodi linalake, ndipo amapereka mndandanda wa ogwiritsa ntchito
APIs. Lamulo lotchulira dzina la API ndi BSP_FUNCT_Action().
Example: BSP_LED_Init(), BSP_LED_On()
BSP idakhazikitsidwa pamapangidwe anthawi zonse omwe amalola kunyamula mosavuta pa Hardware iliyonse pongogwiritsa ntchito machitidwe otsika.

Hardware abstraction layer (HAL) ndi low-layer (LL)
STM32CubeWBA HAL ndi LL ndizothandizana ndipo zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zingapo zogwiritsira ntchito:

Madalaivala a HAL amapereka ma API apamwamba kwambiri onyamula ntchito. Amabisa MCU ndi zovuta zotumphukira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
Madalaivala a HAL amapereka ma API okhazikika amitundu ingapo, omwe amathandizira kukhazikitsa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito popereka njira zokonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito. Za example, kwa zotumphukira zolumikizirana (I2S, UART, ndi ena), imapereka ma API omwe amalola kuyambitsa ndi kukonza zotumphukira, kuyang'anira kusamutsa deta potengera kuvota, kusokoneza, kapena njira ya DMA, ndikuwongolera zolakwika zolankhulirana zomwe zingabwere panthawi yolumikizana. Ma API oyendetsa a HAL agawidwa m'magulu awiri:
1. Ma Generic APIs, omwe amapereka ntchito wamba komanso wamba kwa ma microcontrollers onse a STM32.
2. Ma API Owonjezera, omwe amapereka ntchito zenizeni komanso zosinthidwa makonda a banja linalake kapena gawo linalake.
Ma API otsika amapereka ma API otsika pamlingo wolembetsa, ndikukhathamiritsa bwino koma osasunthika.
- Amafunikira chidziwitso chozama cha MCU ndi zotumphukira zake.
- Madalaivala a LL adapangidwa kuti apereke wosanjikiza wopepuka wopepuka waukadaulo womwe uli pafupi ndi zida kuposa HAL. Mosiyana ndi HAL, LL APIs samaperekedwa kwa zotumphukira pomwe mwayi wokometsedwa siwofunika kwambiri, kapena kwa omwe amafunikira kukhazikika kwa mapulogalamu olemera kapena stack zovuta zapamwamba.
- Ma driver a LL ali ndi:
  - Gulu la magwiridwe antchito kuti ayambitse zinthu zazikulu zotumphukira molingana ndi magawo omwe afotokozedwa m'ma data.
  - Gulu la ntchito zodzaza zoyambira zoyambira ndi zosintha zomwe zimagwirizana ndi gawo lililonse.
  - Ntchito ya peripheral deinitialization (zolembera zotumphukira zobwezeretsedwa ku zikhalidwe zawo zosasinthika).
  - Mndandanda wa ntchito zapaintaneti zofikira mwachindunji ndi ma atomiki.
  - Kudziyimira pawokha kwathunthu kuchokera ku HAL ndi kuthekera kogwiritsidwa ntchito poyimirira (popanda madalaivala a HAL).
  - Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa mawonekedwe othandizidwa ndi zotumphukira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zotumphukira zoyambira examples
Chigawo ichi chimatsekereza exampzomangidwa pamwamba pa STM32 zotumphukira pogwiritsa ntchito zida za HAL ndi BSP zokha.

Gawo 1

Mulingo uwu wagawidwa m'magawo awiri:

Zida zapakati

Examples kutengera zigawo zapakati

Zida zapakati

The middleware ndi gulu la malaibulale omwe amaphimba Bluetooth® Low Energy (Linklayer, HCI, Stack), Thread®, Zigbee®,

Matter, OpenBooloader, Microsoft® Azure® RTOS, TF-M, MCUboot, ndi mbed-crypto.
Kulumikizana kopingasa pakati pa zigawo za gawoli kumachitika poyimbira ma API owonetsedwa.
Kulumikizana koyima ndi madalaivala osanjikiza pang'ono kumachitika kudzera mu kuyimbira kwina kwina ndi ma static macros omwe amakhazikitsidwa mu mawonekedwe a library system.

Zomwe zikuluzikulu za gawo lililonse lapakati ndi izi:
- Microsoft® Azure® RTOS
  - Azure® RTOS ThreadX: Makina ogwiritsira ntchito nthawi yeniyeni (RTOS), yopangidwira makina ophatikizidwa okhala ndi mitundu iwiri yogwira ntchito.
    - Mawonekedwe wamba: Ntchito wamba za RTOS monga kasamalidwe ka ulusi ndi kulunzanitsa, kasamalidwe ka dziwe la kukumbukira, kutumizirana mameseji, ndi kusamalira zochitika.
    - Ma module a module: Makina ogwiritsira ntchito apamwamba omwe amalola kutsitsa ndi kutsitsa ma module a ThreadX olumikizidwa kale powuluka kudzera pa manejala wa module.
  - NetX Duo
  - FileX
  - Zithunzi za USBX
- Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE): Imakhazikitsa protocol ya Bluetooth® Low Energy pamagawo a Link ndi Stack.
- MCUboot (programu yotsegula-gwero)
- Zigbee® ma protocol a stack ndi masango ogwirizana.
- Thread® protocol stack ndi ulalo wosanjikiza.
- Arm® trusted firmware-M, TF-M (open-source software): Kukhazikitsa zolozera za Arm® platform security architecture (PSA) ya TrustZone® ndi ntchito zotetezedwa zogwirizana nazo.
- mbed-crypto (mapulogalamu otsegulira): mbed-crypto middleware imapereka kukhazikitsidwa kwa PSA cryptography API.
- STM32 Touch sensing library: Robust STMTouch capacitive touch sensing solution, yothandizira kuyandikira, makiyi okhudza, masensa ozungulira komanso ozungulira. Zimatengera mfundo yotsimikizika yotengera kutengerapo ndalama.

Examples kutengera zigawo zapakati
Chigawo chilichonse chapakati chimabwera ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo zakaleamples (omwe amatchedwanso mapulogalamu) akuwonetsa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito. Kuphatikiza exampLes omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zigawo zingapo zapakati amaperekedwanso.

STM32CubeWBA firmware phukusi lathaview

Zida zothandizidwa ndi STM32WBA ndi zida

STM32Cube imapereka chosanjikiza chosunthika cha Hardware (HAL) chomangidwa mozungulira mamangidwe ake. Imalola mfundo zomanga-pazigawo, monga kugwiritsa ntchito wosanjikiza wapakati kuti akwaniritse ntchito zawo popanda kudziwa, mozama, zomwe MCU imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zimathandizira kusinthika kwa kachidindo ka laibulale ndikuwonetsetsa kusuntha kosavuta kwa zida zina.

Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha zomanga zake zosanjikiza, STM32CubeWBA imapereka chithandizo chonse chamitundu yonse ya STM32WBA.
Wogwiritsa amayenera kufotokozera macro oyenera mu stm32wbaxx.h.

Gome 1 likuwonetsa macro kuti afotokoze kutengera chipangizo cha STM32WBA chogwiritsidwa ntchito. Macro iyi iyeneranso kufotokozedwa mu compiler preprocessor.
Table 1. Macros kwa STM32WBA mndandanda

Macro yofotokozedwa mu stm32wbaxx.h	Zithunzi za STM32WBA
Chithunzi cha stm32wba52xx	STM32WBA52CGU6, STM32WBA52KGU6, STM32WBA52CEU6, STM32WBA52KEU6
Chithunzi cha stm32wba55xx	STM32WBA55CGU6, STM32WBA55CGU6U, STM32WBA55CGU7, STM32WBA55CEU6, STM32WBA55CEU7

STM32CubeWBA ili ndi zida zambiri zakaleamples ndi ntchito pamilingo yonse kupangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kumvetsetsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito dalaivala aliyense wa HAL kapena zida zapakati. Izi examples imayendetsa pama board a STMicroelectronics olembedwa mu Table 2.
Gulu 2. Mabodi a STM32WBA mndandanda

Bungwe	Zida zothandizidwa ndi Board STM32WBA
Chithunzi cha NUCLEO-WBA52CG	Chithunzi cha STM32WBA52CGU6
Chithunzi cha NUCLEO-WBA55CG	Chithunzi cha STM32WBA55CGU6
Chithunzi cha STM32WBA55-DK1	Chithunzi cha STM32WBA55CGU7

Phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU limatha kuyenda pazida zilizonse zomwe zimagwirizana. Wogwiritsa amangosintha madalaivala a BSP kuti asungire zomwe zaperekedwaamples pa bolodi, ngati yotsirizirayo ili ndi zida zofanana (monga LED, LCD kuwonetsera, ndi mabatani).

Firmware phukusi lathaview

Njira yothetsera phukusi la STM32CubeWBA imaperekedwa mu phukusi limodzi la zip lomwe lili ndi dongosolo lomwe likuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 3. STM32CubeWBA firmware phukusi.
Pa bolodi lililonse, seti ya exampLes imaperekedwa ndi ma projekiti okonzedweratu a EWARM, MDK-ARM, ndi STM32CubeIDE toolchains.

Chithunzi cha 4.STM32CubeWBA exampzathaview ikuwonetsa kapangidwe ka pulojekiti yama board a NUCLEO‑WBA52CG, NUCLEO-WBA55CG ndi STM32WBA55G-DK1.
ExampLes amasankhidwa kutengera mulingo wa STM32Cube womwe amawagwiritsa ntchito, ndipo amatchulidwa motere:
- Gawo 0 exampLes amatchedwa Eksampizi, Eksamples_LL, ndi Eksampkuchepera_MIX. Amagwiritsa ntchito madalaivala a HAL, madalaivala a LL, ndi madalaivala osakanikirana a HAL ndi LL opanda chigawo chilichonse chapakati.
- Gawo 1 exampLes amatchedwa Applications. Amapereka zochitika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo lililonse lapakati. Pulogalamu iliyonse ya firmware pa bolodi yoperekedwa imatha kumangidwa mwachangu chifukwa cha ma template mapulojekiti omwe amapezeka muzolemba za Templ ates ndi Templates_LL.

Ma projekiti othandizidwa ndi TrustZone®

TrustZone® yathandizidwa ExampLes mayina ali ndi _TrustZone prefix. Lamuloli limagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa Application ns (kupatula TFM ndi SBSFU, zomwe ndi za TrustZone®).
TrustZone®-enabled Examples ndi Mapulogalamuwa amaperekedwa ndi ndondomeko yambiri yopangidwa ndi zinthu zotetezeka komanso zopanda chitetezo monga momwe zasonyezedwera mu Chithunzi 5. Mapulojekiti ambiri otetezeka komanso osatetezeka.
Mapulojekiti othandizidwa ndi TrustZone® amapangidwa molingana ndi template ya chipangizo cha CMSIS-5, yowonjezeredwa kuti aphatikizepo mutu wogawa dongosolo. file gawo_ .h, yemwe ali ndi udindo waukulu wokhazikitsa chitetezo chachitetezo (SAU), FPU, ndi chitetezo chosokoneza ntchito pamalo otetezedwa.

Kukonzekera uku kumachitika muchitetezo cha CMSIS SystemInit(), chomwe chimatchedwa poyambira musanalowe ntchito yotetezedwa ya main() ntchito. Onani ku Arm® TrustZone®-M zolemba zamapulogalamu.
Phukusi la firmware la STM32CubeWBA limapereka magawo a kukumbukira osasinthika mu magawo _ .h files likupezeka pansi: \ Madalaivala\CMSIS\Chipangizo\ST\STM32WBAxx\Include\T emplates

M'magawo awa files, SAU imayimitsidwa mwachisawawa. Chifukwa chake, mapu a kukumbukira a IDAU amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachitetezo. Onani chithunzi cha magawo Otetezedwa/osatetezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa TrustZone® mu bukhu lofotokozera la RM0495.
Ngati wogwiritsa ntchito amathandizira SAU, kusasinthika kwa zigawo za SAU kumatanthauziridwa mogawanika files motere:
- Chigawo cha SAU 0: 0x08080000 - 0x081FFFFF (hafu yotetezedwa yopanda chitetezo cha flash memory (512 Kbytes))
- Chigawo cha SAU 1: 0x0BF88000 - 0x0BF97FFF (memory nonsecure system)
- Chigawo cha SAU 2: 0x0C07E000 - 0x0C07FFFF (otetezedwa, osatetezeka oyitanidwa)
- Chigawo cha SAU 3: 0x20010000 - 0x2001FFFF (yopanda chitetezo SRAM2 (64 Kbytes))
- Chigawo cha SAU 4: 0x40000000 - 0x4FFFFFFF (kukumbukira kwa mapu osatetezedwa)
Kuti mufanane ndi magawo osasinthika, zida za STM32WBAxx ziyenera kukhala ndi ma byte otsatirawa:
- TZEN = 1 (chipangizo chothandizira TrustZone®)
- SECWM1_PSTRT = 0x0 SECWM1_PEND = 0x3F (masamba 64 mwa 128 amomwe asungidwa mkati mwa flash memory aikidwa ngati otetezeka) Dziwani: Chokumbukira chamkati chamkati chimakhala chotetezedwa mwachisawawa mu TZEN = 1. Ma byte a wosuta SECWM1_PSRT/ SECWM1_PEND akuyenera kukhazikitsidwa molingana ndi pulogalamuyo. kasinthidwe ka kukumbukira (magawo a SAU, ngati SAU yayatsidwa). Cholumikizira chachitetezo chotetezedwa/chopanda chitetezo files iyeneranso kugwirizanitsa.
Zonse exampLes ali ndi mapangidwe ofanana:
- \Inc chikwatu chomwe chili ndi mutu wonse files.
- Src chikwatu chomwe chili ndi code source.
- \EWARM, \MDK-ARM, ndi \ STM32CubeIDE zikwatu zomwe zili ndi pulojekiti yokonzedweratu pazida zilizonse.
- readme.md ndi readme.html kufotokoza zakaleampkhalidwe ndi malo ofunikira kuti agwire ntchito.
- ioc file zomwe zimalola ogwiritsa ntchito kutsegula zambiri za firmware exampZithunzi za STM32CubeMX.

Kuyamba ndi STM32CubeWBA

Kuthamanga woyamba HAL wakaleample

Gawoli likufotokoza momwe zimakhalira zosavuta kuyendetsa woyambaampndi STM32CubeWBA. Zimagwiritsa ntchito ngati fanizo kupanga kwakusintha kosavuta kwa LED komwe kumayendera pa bolodi la NUCLEO-WBA52CG:

Tsitsani phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU.

Tsegulani mu chikwatu chomwe mukufuna.
Onetsetsani kuti musasinthe dongosolo la phukusi lomwe likuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kukopera phukusi pamalo omwe ali pafupi ndi mizu yanu (kutanthauza C:\ST kapena G:\Tests), monga ma IDE ena amakumana ndi mavuto pamene njira. utali ndi wautali kwambiri.

Kuyendetsa TrustZone® yoyamba yothandizidwa kaleample

Musanatsegule ndikuyendetsa TrustZone® yothandizidwa kaleample, ndizovomerezeka kuwerenga zakaleampndi readme file pakusintha kwina kulikonse, komwe kumawonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chayatsidwa monga tafotokozera mu Gawo 4.2.1 TrustZone® enabled projects (TZEN=1 (user option byte)).
1. Sakatulani ku \Projects\NUCLEO-WBA52CG\Examples.
2. Tsegulani \ GPIO, ndiye \ GPIO_IOToggle_TrustZone zikwatu.
3. Tsegulani polojekiti ndi zida zomwe mumakonda. Kutha mwachanguview momwe mungatsegule, kumanga, ndi kuyendetsa example ndi zida zothandizira zaperekedwa pansipa.
4. Panganinso motsatizana ma projekiti onse otetezeka komanso osatetezeka files ndikuyika zithunzi zotetezeka komanso zopanda chitetezo muzokumbukira zomwe mukufuna.
5. Thamangani example: pafupipafupi, pulogalamu yotetezedwa imasintha LD2 sekondi iliyonse, ndipo pulogalamu yopanda chitetezo imasintha LD3 kuwirikiza kawiri. Kuti mumve zambiri, onaninso readme file cha example.

Kuti mutsegule, pangani ndikuyendetsa exampndi zida zothandizira, tsatirani izi:
- EWARM:
  1. Pansi pa example foda, tsegulani \ EWARM subfolder.
  2. Yambitsani malo ogwirira ntchito a Project.eww
  3. Panganinso pulojekiti yotetezedwa ya xxxxx_S files: [Pulojekiti]>[Panganinso zonse].
  4. Khazikitsani pulojekiti ya xxxxx_NS kuti ikhale yogwira ntchito (dinani pomwe pa xxxxx_NS pulojekiti [Set Active])
  5. Panganinso pulojekiti yopanda chitetezo xxxxx_NS files: [Pulojekiti]>[Panganinso zonse].
  6. Onetsani binary osatetezedwa ndi [Project]>[Download]>[Koperani pulogalamu yogwira] .
  7. Khazikitsani xxxxx_S ngati Ntchito Yogwira (dinani pomwe pa xxxxx_S pulojekiti [Khalani Ngati Yogwira].
  8. Onetsani binary yotetezedwa ndi [Download and Debug] (Ctrl+D).
  9. Yambitsani pulogalamuyi: [Chotsani]> [Pitani (F5)]
- MDK-ARM:
  1. Tsegulani \ MDK-ARM toolchain.
  2. Tsegulani Multiprojects workspace file Project.uvmpw.
  3. Sankhani pulojekiti ya xxxxx_s ngati Ntchito Yokhazikika ([Khalani Monga Ntchito Yogwira]).
  4. Pangani projekiti ya xxxxx_s.
  5. Sankhani pulojekiti ya xxxxx_ns ngati projekiti Yogwira ([Khalani Monga Ntchito Yogwira]).
  6. Pangani projekiti ya xxxxx_ns.
  7. Kwezani binary yopanda chitetezo ([F8]). Izi zimatsitsa \MDK-ARM\xxxxx_ns\Exe\xxxxx_ns.axf ku flash memory)
  8. Sankhani Project_s pulojekiti ngati Ntchito Yogwira ([Khalani Monga Ntchito Yogwira]).
  9. Kwezani binary yotetezedwa ([F8]). Izi zimatsitsa \MDK-ARM\xxxxx_s\Exe\xxxxx_s.axf ku flash memory).
  10. Thamangani example.
- STM32CubeIDE:
  1. Tsegulani chida cha STM32CubeIDE.
  2. Tsegulani Multiprojects workspace file .pulojekiti.
  3. Panganinso polojekiti ya xxxxx_Secure.
  4. Panganinso pulojekiti ya xxxxx_NonSecure.
  5. Yambitsani [Debug monga STM32 Cortex-M C/C++] pulogalamu yotetezedwa.
  6. Pazenera la [Sinthani kasinthidwe], sankhani gulu la [Kuyambira], ndikuwonjezera chithunzi ndi zizindikiro za projekiti yopanda chitetezo.
    Zofunika: Pulojekiti yopanda chitetezo iyenera kunyamulidwa isanayambe ntchito yotetezeka.
  7. Dinani [Chabwino].
  8. Thamangani example pa debug view.

Kuyendetsa munthu woyamba wolemala wa TrustZone®ample

Musanatsegule ndikuyendetsa TrustZone® disabled example, ndizovomerezeka kuwerenga zakaleampndi readme file pakusintha kulikonse. Ngati palibe zotchulidwa mwatsatanetsatane, onetsetsani kuti chipangizocho chili ndi chitetezo choyimitsidwa (TZEN=0 (user option byte)). Onani FAQ pochita kusanja ku TEN = 0
1. Sakatulani ku \Projects\NUCLEO-WBA52CG\Examples.
2. Tsegulani \ GPIO, ndiye \ GPIO_EXTI zikwatu.
3. Tsegulani polojekiti ndi zida zomwe mumakonda. Kutha mwachanguview momwe mungatsegule, kumanga, ndi kuyendetsa example ndi zida zothandizira zaperekedwa pansipa.
4. Manganinso zonse files ndikuyika chithunzi chanu muzokumbukira zomwe mukufuna.
5. Thamangani example: Nthawi iliyonse ikakanikiza batani la [USER], LD1 LED imasintha. Kuti mumve zambiri, onaninso readme file cha example.
Kuti mutsegule, pangani ndikuyendetsa exampndi zida zothandizira, tsatirani izi:
- EWARM:
  1. Pansi pa example foda, tsegulani \ EWARM subfolder.
  2. Yambitsani malo ogwirira ntchito a Project.eww (dzina la malo ogwirira ntchito litha kusintha kuchokera ku wina wakaleample kwa wina).
  3. Manganinso zonse files: [Pulojekiti]>[Panganinso zonse].
  4. Kwezani chithunzi cha polojekiti: [Project]>[Debug].
  5. Thamangani pulogalamu: [Chotsani]> [Pitani (F5)].
- MDK-ARM:
  1. Pansi pa example foda, tsegulani fayilo ya \MDK-ARM.
  2. Yambitsani malo ogwirira ntchito a Project.uvproj (dzina la malo ogwirira ntchito likhoza kusintha kuchokera ku wina wakaleample kwa wina).
  3. Manganinso zonse files:[Project]>[Panganinso zolinga zonse files].
  4. Kwezani chithunzi cha pulojekiti: [Chotsani]>[Yambani/Imitsani Gawo Lothetsa Vuto].
  5. Thamangani pulogalamu: [Chotsani]> [Thamangani (F5)].
- STM32CubeIDE:
  1. Tsegulani chida cha STM32CubeIDE.
  2. Dinani [File]>[Sinthani Malo Ogwirira Ntchito]>[Zina] ndikusakatula ku STM32CubeIDE malo ogwirira ntchito.
  3. Dinani [File]>[Import] , sankhani [General]>[Mapulojekiti Alipo mu Malo Ogwirira Ntchito], ndiyeno dinani [Kenako].
  4. Sakatulani ku chikwatu cha STM32CubeIDE malo ogwirira ntchito ndikusankha polojekitiyo.
  5. Kumanganso polojekiti yonse files: Sankhani polojekitiyo pawindo la [Project Explorer] kenako dinani [Project]> [Build project] menyu.
  6. Yambitsani pulogalamuyi: [Thamangani]> [Debug (F11)]

Kupanga pulogalamu yokhazikika

Zindikirani: Mapulogalamuwa ayenera kuloleza cache ya malangizo (ICACHE) kuti ipeze 0 kudikira-state kupha kuchokera ku flash memory, ndikufika pakuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu bwino.

Kugwiritsa ntchito STM32CubeMX kupanga kapena kusintha pulogalamu

Mu phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU, pafupifupi ma projekiti onse akaleamples amapangidwa ndi chida cha STM32CubeMX kuti ayambitse dongosolo, zotumphukira, ndi zapakati.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji polojekiti yomwe ilipo kaleampkuchokera ku chida cha STM32CubeMX chimafuna STM32CubeMX 6.10.0 kapena kupitilira apo:
- Mukakhazikitsa STM32CubeMX, tsegulani ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira sinthani ntchito yomwe mukufuna. Njira yosavuta yotsegulira polojekiti yomwe ilipo ndikudina kawiri pa * .ioc file kotero kuti STM32CubeMX imatsegula pulojekitiyo ndi gwero lake files.
- STM32CubeMX imapanga kachidindo koyambira kantchito zotere. Khodi yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito ili ndi ndemanga "USER CODE BEGIN" ndi "USER CODE END". Ngati kusankha kwa IP kusinthidwa, STM32CubeMX imasintha gawo loyambira la code koma imasunga khodi yayikulu yoyambira.
Kuti mupange pulojekiti yokhazikika mu STM32CubeMX, tsatirani ndondomekoyi:
1. Sankhani STM32 microcontroller yomwe ikugwirizana ndi zotumphukira zofunika.
2. Konzani mapulogalamu onse ofunikira ophatikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito pinout-conflict solver, chothandizira kuyika mtengo wa wotchi, chowerengera chogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, ndi zida zomwe zikupanga zotumphukira za MCU (monga GPIO kapena USART) ndi masitaki apakati (monga USB).
3. Pangani kachidindo C koyambira kutengera kasinthidwe kosankhidwa. Khodi iyi ndi yokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo angapo otukuka. Khodi ya ogwiritsa ntchito imasungidwa pakupanga ma code otsatirawa.
Kuti mumve zambiri za STM32CubeMX, onani buku la ogwiritsa la STM32CubeMX pakusintha kwa STM32 ndikukhazikitsa C code generation (UM1718).
Kuti mupeze mndandanda wazomwe zilipo kaleamples za STM32CubeWBA, tchulani zolembera za STM32Cube firmware exampZithunzi za STM32WBA (AN5929).

Mapulogalamu oyendetsa

Pulogalamu ya HAL
Gawoli likufotokoza njira zomwe zimafunikira kuti mupange pulogalamu ya HAL yokhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito STM32CubeWBA:

Pangani polojekiti
- Kuti mupange pulojekiti yatsopano, yambani kuchokera ku Template project yoperekedwa pa bolodi lililonse pansi pa \Projects\ \ Ma templates kapena kuchokera ku polojekiti iliyonse yomwe ilipo pansi pa \Projects\ \ Exam ples kapena \Projects\ \ Mapulogalamu (komwe amatanthauza dzina la bolodi, monga STM32CubeWBA).
- Pulojekiti ya Template imapereka ntchito yayikulu yopanda kanthu. Komabe, ndi poyambira bwino kumvetsetsa zokonda za polojekiti ya STM32CubeWBA. Template ili ndi izi:
  - Lili ndi code code ya HAL, CMSIS, ndi madalaivala a BSP, omwe ndi magawo ochepa omwe amafunikira kupanga code pa bolodi yoperekedwa.
  - Ili ndi njira zophatikizidwira za zigawo zonse za firmware.
  - Imatanthauzira zida zotsatiridwa za STM32WBA, kulola madalaivala a CMSIS ndi HAL kukhazikitsidwa moyenera.
  - Imapereka wogwiritsa ntchito wokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito files preconfigured monga momwe zilili pansipa:
    HAL idayambitsidwa ndi nthawi yokhazikika ndi Arm® core SysTick. SysTick ISR yakhazikitsidwa ndi cholinga cha HAL_Delay().
    Zindikirani: Mukakopera pulojekiti yomwe ilipo kumalo ena, onetsetsani kuti njira zonse zomwe zaphatikizidwazo zikusinthidwa.
Onjezani zofunikira zapakati ku polojekiti ya ogwiritsa ntchito (posankha)
Kuti adziwe gwero files kuti awonjezedwe ku polojekiti file list, tchulani zolemba zomwe zaperekedwa pazapakati zilizonse. Onani zomwe zili pansi pa \Projects\STM32xxx_yyy\Applications\ (ku imanena za stack yapakati, monga ThreadX) kuti mudziwe komwe kumachokera files ndi kuphatikiza njira ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa.
Konzani zigawo za firmware
Zida za HAL ndi zapakati zimapereka njira zosinthira nthawi yomanga pogwiritsa ntchito macros #define yolengezedwa pamutu. file. Kukonzekera kwa template file imaperekedwa mkati mwa chigawo chilichonse, chomwe chiyenera kukopera ku chikwatu cha polojekiti (nthawi zambiri kasinthidwe file imatchedwa xxx_conf_template.h, mawu oti _template ayenera kuchotsedwa powakopera ku chikwatu cha polojekiti). kasinthidwe file imapereka chidziwitso chokwanira kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungasinthire njira iliyonse. Zambiri zatsatanetsatane zimapezeka muzolemba zomwe zaperekedwa pagawo lililonse.
Yambitsani laibulale ya HAL
Mukadumphira ku pulogalamu yayikulu, nambala yofunsira iyenera kuyimbira HAL_Init() API kuti ayambitse laibulale ya HAL, yomwe imagwira ntchito zotsatirazi:
- Kukonzekera kwa flash memory prefetch ndi SysTick kusokoneza patsogolo (kudzera macros ofotokozedwa mu st m32wbaxx_hal_conf.h).
- Kusintha kwa SysTick kuti izipanga kusokoneza millisecond iliyonse pa SysTick kusokoneza patsogolo TICK_INT_PRIO yofotokozedwa mu stm32wbaxx_hal_conf.h.
- Kuyika patsogolo kwa gulu la NVIC kukhala 0.
- Kuitana kwa HAL_MspInit() callback ntchito yofotokozedwa mu stm32wbaxx_hal_msp.c wosuta file kuchita zoyambira zapadziko lonse lapansi zapadziko lonse lapansi.
Konzani wotchi yadongosolo
Kukonzekera kwa wotchi kumachitidwa poyitana ma API awiri omwe afotokozedwa pansipa:
- HAL_RCC_OscConfig(): API iyi imakonza ma oscillator amkati ndi akunja. Wogwiritsa amasankha kukonza imodzi kapena onse oscillator.
- HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(): API iyi imakonza gwero la wotchi ya system, flash memory latency, ndi AHB ndi APB prescaler.
Kuyambitsa zotumphukira
- Choyamba lembani zotumphukira HAL_PPP_MspInit ntchito. Chitani motere:
  - Yambitsani wotchi yozungulira.
  - Konzani ma GPIO ozungulira.
  - Konzani tchanelo cha DMA ndikuyambitsa kusokoneza kwa DMA (ngati pakufunika).
  - Yambitsani kusokoneza kwapang'onopang'ono (ngati pakufunika).
- Sinthani stm32xxx_it.c kuti muyimbire zosokoneza zofunika (zotumphukira ndi DMA), ngati pakufunika.
- Lembani ntchito zonse zobwereza, ngati zotumphukira zosokoneza kapena DMA ikukonzekera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Mu user main.c file, yambitsani chogwirizira cholumikizira kenako imbani ntchitoyo HAL_PPP_Init() kuti muyambitse zotumphukira.
Konzani pulogalamu
- Pa izi stage, dongosololi ndi lokonzeka ndipo chitukuko cha kachidindo cha ogwiritsa ntchito chingayambike.
- HAL imapereka ma API anzeru komanso okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito kukonza zotumphukira. Imathandizira kuvota, kusokoneza, ndi mtundu wa pulogalamu ya DMA, kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira zilizonse zofunsira. Kuti mumve zambiri zamomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zotumphukira zilizonse, onani olemera wakaleampzomwe zaperekedwa mu phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU.
  Chenjezo: Pakukhazikitsa kwa HAL kosasintha, SysTick timer imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nthawi: imatulutsa zosokoneza pakapita nthawi. Ngati HAL_Delay() imatchedwa kuchokera ku njira ya ISR yozungulira, onetsetsani kuti kusokoneza kwa SysTick kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri (kutsika kwambiri) kuposa kusokoneza kwapambuyo. Kupanda kutero, njira ya woyimba ISR yatsekedwa. Ntchito zomwe zikukhudza masanjidwe a nthawi zimalengezedwa ngati __zofooka kuti zitheke kupitilirapo ngati zitachitika zina mwa wogwiritsa ntchito. file (pogwiritsa ntchito chowerengera nthawi, mwachitsanzoample, kapena gwero lina la nthawi). Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani zakale za HAL_TimeBaseample.

LL ntchito
Gawoli likufotokoza masitepe ofunikira kuti mupange pulogalamu ya LL pogwiritsa ntchito STM32CubeWBA.

Pangani polojekiti
- Kuti mupange pulojekiti yatsopano, mwina yambani kuchokera ku projekiti ya Templates_LL yoperekedwa pa bolodi lililonse pansi pa \Projects\ \Templates_LL, kapena kuchokera ku polojekiti iliyonse yomwe ilipo pansi pa \Projects\ \Eksampkuchepera_LL ( amatanthauza dzina la bolodi, monga NUCLEO-WBA32CG).
- Pulojekiti ya template imapereka ntchito yayikulu yopanda kanthu, yomwe ndi poyambira bwino kumvetsetsa makonda a polojekiti ya STM32CubeWBA. Mawonekedwe akulu a template ndi awa:
  - Ili ndi magwero a madalaivala a LL ndi CMSIS, omwe ndi magawo ochepa omwe amafunikira kuti apange ma code pa bolodi lomwe laperekedwa.
  - Lili ndi njira zophatikizidwira za zigawo zonse zofunika za firmware.
  - Imasankha chida chothandizira cha STM32WBA ndikuloleza kasinthidwe koyenera kwa madalaivala a CMSIS ndi LL.
  - Imapereka wogwiritsa ntchito wokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito filezomwe zidakonzedweratu motere:
    ◦ main.h: LED ndi USER_BUTTON matanthauzo a abstraction layer.
    ◦ main.c: Kusintha kwa wotchi yamakina kuti ikhale yopambana kwambiri.
Ikani projekiti yomwe ilipo ku bolodi ina
Kuti muthandizire pulojekiti yomwe ilipo pa bolodi ina, yambani kuchokera ku Templates_LL pulojekiti yoperekedwa pa bolodi lililonse ndipo ikupezeka pansi pa \Projects\ \Templates_LL.
- Sankhani LL wakaleample: Kuti mupeze bolodi lomwe LL examples atumizidwa, onani mndandanda wa LL examplembani STM32CubeProjectsList.html.
Pitani ku LL exampLe:
- Koperani / kumata chikwatu cha Templates_LL - kusunga gwero loyamba - kapena kusintha mwachindunji polojekiti yomwe ilipo ya Temp lates_LL.
- Kenako kunyamula kumakhala ndikusintha ma Templates_LL filendi Eksamples_LL polojekiti yomwe mukufuna.
- Sungani mbali zonse za bolodi. Pazifukwa zomveka bwino, mbali zina za bolodi zimayikidwa chizindikiro tags:
- Chifukwa chake, masitepe akuluakulu onyamula ndi awa:
  - Sinthani stm32wbaxx_it.h file
  - Sinthani stm32wbaxx_it.c file
  - M'malo chachikulu.h file ndikusintha: Sungani matanthauzidwe a batani la LED ndi ogwiritsa ntchito pa template ya LL pansi pa BOARD Specific CONFIGURATION tags.
  - M'malo chachikulu.c file ndikusintha:
- Sungani kasinthidwe ka wotchi ya SystemClock_Config() LL template ntchito pansi pa BOARD SIPICIFIC CONFIGURATION tags.
- Kutengera kutanthauzira kwa LED, sinthani zochitika za LDx ndi LDy ina yomwe ilipo main.h file.
- Ndi zosintha izi, example tsopano ikuyenda pa bolodi yomwe mukufuna

Mapulogalamu achitetezo
Phukusili limaperekedwa ndi mapulogalamu achitetezo.

Mapulogalamu a SBSFU

SBSFU imapereka yankho la Root of Trust, kuphatikizapo Secure Boot and Secure Firmware Update functionalities (zochokera pa MCUboot).
Njira yothetsera vutoli imagwiritsidwa ntchito musanagwiritse ntchito.
Yankho limapereka example of a security service (GPIO toggle), yomwe ili kutali ndi pulogalamu yopanda chitetezo. Pulogalamu yopanda chitetezo panthawi yothamanga ikhoza kugwiritsabe ntchito yankho ili.

Mapulogalamu a TFM
TFM imapereka yankho la Root of Trust kuphatikiza magwiridwe antchito a Chitetezo cha Boot ndi Chitetezo cha Firmware
(kutengera MCUboot). Njira yothetsera vutoli imagwiritsidwa ntchito musanagwiritse ntchito. Yankho lake limapereka ntchito zotetezedwa za TFM zomwe zili kutali ndi pulogalamu yopanda chitetezo. Pulogalamu yopanda chitetezo panthawi yothamanga ikhoza kugwiritsabe ntchito yankho ili.

RF ntchito
Ntchito ya RF ikufotokozedwa pachidziwitso ichi: Kumanga mapulogalamu opanda zingwe ndi STM32WBA ma microcontrollers (AN5928).

Kupeza zosintha za STM32CubeWBA
Zotulutsa zaposachedwa za phukusi la STM32CubeWBA MCU ndi zigamba zilipo kuchokera ku STM32WBA Series. Atha kubwezedwa kuchokera pa batani la CHECK FOR UPDATE mu STM32CubeMX. Kuti mumve zambiri, onani Gawo 3 la bukhu la ogwiritsa la STM32CubeMX pakusintha kwa STM32 ndikukhazikitsa C code generation (UM1718).

FAQ

Ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito liti HAL m'malo mwa madalaivala a LL?
- Madalaivala a HAL amapereka ma API apamwamba komanso opangidwa ndi ntchito, okhala ndi mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri. Zogulitsa kapena zotumphukira zimabisidwa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
- Madalaivala a LL amapereka ma API olembetsa osanjikiza otsika, okhathamiritsa bwino koma osasunthika. Amafuna kudziwa mozama za malonda kapena ma IP.
Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito madalaivala a HAL ndi LL palimodzi? Ngati ndingathe, zopinga zake ndi zotani?
- Ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito madalaivala onse a HAL ndi LL. Gwiritsani ntchito HAL pagawo loyambitsa IP ndiyeno yendetsani ntchito za I/O ndi madalaivala a LL.
- Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa HAL ndi LL ndikuti madalaivala a HAL amafunikira kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zogwirira ntchito pomwe madalaivala a LL amagwira ntchito mwachindunji pamakaundula ozungulira. The Exampkuchepera_MIX example akuwonetsa momwe mungasakanizire HAL ndi LL.
Kodi ma API oyambitsa LL amayatsidwa bwanji?
- Tanthauzo la ma API oyambitsa LL ndi zothandizira (Mapangidwe, mawu, ndi ma prototypes) zimakhazikitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa USE_FULL_LL_DRIVER.
- Kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito ma API oyambitsa a LL, onjezani chosinthirachi mu cholozera cham'manja cha toolchain.
Kodi STM32CubeMX ingapange bwanji khodi kutengera mapulogalamu ophatikizidwa?
STM32CubeMX ili ndi chidziwitso chodziwikiratu cha STM32 microcontrollers, kuphatikiza zotumphukira zawo ndi mapulogalamu omwe amalola kupereka chithunzithunzi kwa wogwiritsa ntchito ndikupanga *.h kapena *.c files kutengera kasinthidwe ka wosuta.

CHIZINDIKIRO CHOFUNIKA - WERENGANI MOMWE MUNGACHITE

STMicroelectronics NV ndi mabungwe ake ("ST") ali ndi ufulu wosintha, kukonza, kukonza, kusintha, ndi kukonza zinthu za ST ndi/kapena ku chikalatachi nthawi iliyonse popanda chidziwitso. Ogula akuyenera kupeza zidziwitso zaposachedwa kwambiri pazogulitsa za ST asanapange maoda. Zogulitsa za ST zimagulitsidwa motsatira mfundo za ST ndi zogulitsa zomwe zilipo panthawi yovomerezeka.
Ogula ali ndi udindo wosankha, kusankha, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za ST ndipo ST sichikhala ndi mlandu wothandizidwa ndi pulogalamu kapena kupanga zinthu za ogula.
Palibe chilolezo, chofotokozera kapena kutanthauza, ku ufulu uliwonse waukadaulo womwe umaperekedwa ndi ST apa.
Kugulitsanso zinthu za ST zomwe zili ndi zosiyana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa pano sizidzathetsa chitsimikizo chilichonse choperekedwa ndi ST pazogulitsa zotere.
ST ndi ST logo ndi zizindikilo za ST. Kuti mumve zambiri za zizindikiro za ST, onani www.st.com/trademarks. Mayina ena onse azinthu kapena ntchito ndi eni ake.
Zomwe zili m'chikalatachi zimaloŵa m'malo ndi kulowa m'malo zomwe zidaperekedwa kale m'matembenuzidwe am'mbuyomu a chikalatachi.

Zolemba / Zothandizira

STMicroelectronics STM32WBA Series Kuyamba [pdf] Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito
STM32WBA Series Chiyambi, Chiyambi, Chiyambi

Maumboni

Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito

STMicroelectronics STM32WBA Series Kuyamba

Zambiri Zamalonda

Malangizo Ogwiritsira Ntchito Zogulitsa

FAQ