Juniper NETWORKS IP Nsalu Sinthani Zochepa Zogwiritsa Ntchito Maupangiri
Juniper NETWORKS IP Nsalu Kukweza Minimum

 

Zamkatimu kubisa
1 Network Configuration Example
2 MUTU 1 IP Nsalu Kukweza Pamwambaview
2.1 Za Kusasinthika Eksample
3 MUTU 2 Konzani Kukwezera Kwa Kusintha kwa IP Fabric Architecture
3.1 MUTU 3 Zomangamanga Zotumiza
4 MUTU 4 Kukwezera Pamanja kwa Kusintha Kopanda Juniper Apstra
4.1 Njira Yodziwika Yosinthira Kusintha
4.2 Mapulatifomu Othandizira Njira Zokweza Pamanja (Popanda Juniper Apstra)
4.3 Zambiri Zokwezera Pamanja Zosintha Popanda Juniper Apstra
4.4 Kusaka zolakwika
5 MUTU 5 Juniper Apstra Based Upgrade
5.1 Sinthani Kusintha ndi Juniper Apstra Software
6 MUTU 6 Junos OS Software Rollback
7 Rollback Junos OS Software
8 Zolemba / Zothandizira
8.1 Maumboni
9 Zolemba Zogwirizana

Network Configuration Example

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IP Fabric Kukweza Njira Yocheperako Yogwirira Ntchito

Malingaliro a kampani Juniper Networks, Inc.
1133 Njira Yatsopano
Sunnyvale, California 94089
USA
408-745-2000
www.juniper.net

Juniper Networks, logo ya Juniper Networks, Juniper, ndi Junos ndi zilembo zolembetsedwa za Juniper Networks, Inc. ku United States ndi mayiko ena. Zizindikiro zina zonse, zizindikiritso zautumiki, zilembo zolembetsedwa, kapena zizindikilo zantchito zolembetsedwa ndi katundu wa eni ake.

Juniper Networks sakhala ndi udindo pazolakwika zilizonse m'chikalatachi. Juniper Networks ili ndi ufulu wosintha, kusintha, kusamutsa, kapena kuwunikiranso bukuli popanda chidziwitso.

Network Configuration Exampndi IP Fabric Sinthani Njira Yocheperako Yogwiritsira Ntchito Copyright © 2023 Juniper Networks, Inc. Ufulu wonse ndiwotetezedwa.

Zomwe zili mu chikalatachi ndi zapano kuyambira tsiku lomwe lili patsamba lamutu.

CHAKA CHA 2000 CHIZINDIKIRO
Juniper Networks hardware ndi mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu ndi Chaka cha 2000 chikugwirizana. Junos OS ilibe malire okhudzana ndi nthawi mpaka chaka cha 2038.
Komabe, ntchito ya NTP imadziwika kuti imakhala ndi zovuta mchaka cha 2036.

THAWANI NTCHITO GUZANI LA ​​LICENSE
Chogulitsa cha Juniper Networks chomwe ndi mutu wa zolemba zaukadaulozi chili ndi (kapena cholinga chake kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi) pulogalamu ya Juniper Networks.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamuwa kumatsatira zomwe zili pa End User License Agreement (“EULA”) zomwe zatumizidwa kuhttps://support.juniper.net/support/eula/. Mwa kutsitsa, kukhazikitsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamuwa, mukuvomereza zomwe EULA ikuchita.

MUTU 1 IP Nsalu Kukweza Pamwambaview

Za Kusasinthika Eksample

Zathaview
Gwiritsani ntchito netiweki iyi example (NCE) kuti mukweze masiwichi onse mu IP Fabric zomangamanga zomwe zayamba kale.
Ndemanga Zolemba 

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mupereke ndemanga kuti tiwongolere zolemba zathu.
Tumizani ndemanga zanu kwa design-center-comments@juniper.net. Phatikizani chikalata kapena dzina la mutu, URL kapena nambala yatsamba, ndi mtundu wa pulogalamu (ngati ikuyenera).

MUTU 2 Konzani Kukwezera Kwa Kusintha kwa IP Fabric Architecture

Kupanga Zowonjezera 

  • Chigawo ichi chili ndi malangizo okonzekera kukweza.
  • Nthawi zonse konzani chipangizo chimodzi panthawi yoyambira. Pambuyo pakusintha pang'ono kopambana ndikuzindikira bwino njirayi, mutha kukweza masiwichi m'magulu, okhala ndi masamba angapo nthawi imodzi, kuti atumizidwe kwakukulu. Ndikofunikira kuti masinthidwe a msana ndi apamwamba-msana ayenera kukwezedwa kamodzi kamodzi, kuti ateteze kusokoneza kulikonse kwa magalimoto ngati palibe njira zowonjezera.
  • Yang'anani momwe bandwidth ikugwiritsidwira ntchito pa maulalo onse a netiweki.
  • Njira zonse zowonjezeretsa mu-band ndi kunja kwa gulu zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ngati ngakhale kusintha kumodzi pa nsalu ya IP kumagwiritsa ntchito kukweza kwa ZTP kudzera mu ndondomeko ya gulu, DHCP yotumizirana mauthenga iyenera kukonzedwa pazitsulo zonse za IP Fabric. Izi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chosinthira chomwe chikukwezedwa chikupitilira mwayi wofikira ku seva ya DHCP pazithunzi zamapulogalamu ndikutsitsa kasinthidwe kosintha. Ngati masinthidwe onse mu IP Fabric akukonzedwa kudzera pa ISSU/NSSU, palibe chifukwa chokonzekera DHCP relay pa switch iliyonse mu IP Fabric pamayendedwe a gulu.
  • Pali malamulo ena a CLI omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo zambiri zimasonkhanitsidwa. Ndikofunikira kuti musinthe malamulo a CLI muzolemba ndikusunga zidziwitso zonse pa seva. Gwiritsani ntchito zida kuti mufufuze mwachangu ndikufanizira zambiri ndi zomwe mwasonkhanitsa.
  • Dziwani ndikupanga mayendedwe ena amsewu omwe angatsimikizire kulumikizidwa kwa netiweki ndipo atha kukhala akuyenda chakumbuyo panthawi yokweza. Ping ndi traceroute amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazifukwa izi.
  • Konzani nthawi yokwanira yokonza zenera (MW). Ma MW angapo angafunike kuti atumizidwe kwakukulu. Nthawi zonse konzani chipangizo chimodzi panthawi yoyambira. Pambuyo pokweza bwino pang'ono ndikuzolowera njirayo, kukweza kumatha kuchitika m'magulu okhala ndi masiwichi angapo amasamba nthawi imodzi kuti atumizidwe kwakukulu.
  • Konzani zosintha ndi magulu onse komanso anthu omwe akhudzidwa ndi kusinthaku.
  • Chikalatachi chimathandizira kuti pakhale ma homing angapo a seva kupita kumalo osiyanasiyana apamwamba (TORs) kapena masiwichi amasamba pogwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kwa LACP yochokera ku LAG.

MUTU 3 Zomangamanga Zotumiza

DC IP Njira Yopangira Nsalu 5 Stage Clos ndi Super Spine

Zomangamangazi zikuphatikiza DC IP Routed Fabric 5 Stage Clos ndi Super Spine yokhala ndi eBGP ngati protocol ya nsalu yokhala ndi gawo lililonse mu AS yosiyana.
Chithunzi 1: IP Fabric Topology yokhala ndi EBGP Fabric Protocol, yokhala ndi Gulu Lonse mu AS Yosiyana
Nsalu Yopangidwa ndi Super Spine Architecture
Mapulatifomu Othandizira
Table 1 imalemba mapulatifomu othandizira maudindo osiyanasiyana mu IP Fabric.
Gulu 1: Mapulatifomu Othandizira a IP Fabric 

Maudindo a Chipangizo Mapulatifomu
Leaf/TOR
  • Chithunzi cha QFX5130-32CD
  • QFX5220-32CD / 128C
  • QFX5120-32C/48Y/48T/48YM
  • QFX5100/QFX5110-48S
  • QFX5200-32C
  • QFX5210-64C
  • Chithunzi cha ACX7100-48L
Msana
  • QFX5220-32CD/128C
  • PTX10K8/16
Maudindo a Chipangizo Mapulatifomu
  • QFX5120-32C
  • QFX5210-64C
  • Chithunzi cha QFX5130-32CD
  • QFX5700
  • QFX5200-32C
  • PTX10003
  • Chithunzi cha QFX5110-32Q
Super Spine
  • QFX5220-128C
  • PTX10K8/PTX10K3
  • QFX5210-64C
  • QFX10K8/16

ZINDIKIRANI: M'mapulatifomu omwe atchulidwa, PTX10K8/16, QFX5700, QFX10K8/16 ndi makina opangira ma modular. Mapulatifomu otsala ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika a kukula kwa 1, 2, kapena 3 Rack unit (RUs).

Maudindo a Node
Pachithunzi 1, zotsatirazi ndi maudindo a node:

  • P1L1, P1L2, P1L3 ndi P1L4 ndi masamba a masamba mu POD-1.
  • P2L2, P2L2, P2L3 ndi P2L4 ndi masamba a masamba mu POD-2.
  • P1S1, P1S2, P1S3, P1S4 ndi mfundo za msana mu POD-1.
  • P2S1, P2S2, P2S3, P2S4 ndi mfundo za msana mu POD-2.
  • SS1, SS2, SS3, SS4 ndi ma spines apamwamba kwambiri omwe amapezeka pa POD-1 ndi POD-2.

Sinthani Masinthidwe

Zikuyembekezeka kuti IP Fabric ikuyendetsa masinthidwe ocheperako omwe amafunikira kuti igwire ntchito. Onani Chithunzi 1. Pano pali kufotokozera mwachidule zofunikira za kasinthidwe:

  • Nsaluyi imapangidwa kuti ikhale yapawiri yokhala ndi njira zonse za IPv4 ndi IPv6 munsalu.
  • Maulalo onse munsalu ndi P2P ndipo amapangidwira onse IPv4 ndi IPv6.
  • eBGP ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yolowera.
  • Magulu a anzawo a eBGP amagwiritsidwa ntchito, masinthidwe onse a masamba ndi a gulu la anzawo a 1 eBGP (kunena, LEAF), masinthidwe onse a msana ndi a gulu la anzawo a 1 eBGP (nenani, SPINE) ndi masinthidwe onse apamwamba kwambiri ndi a gulu la anzawo a 1 eBGP SUPER-SPINE).
  • Njira zitha kuphatikizidwa musanalengezedwe kudzera pa eBGP.
  • Magalimoto a Bidirectional akuyenda kudzera mu masiwichi onse mu nsalu ya IP.

MUTU 4 Kukwezera Pamanja kwa Kusintha Kopanda Juniper Apstra

Malangizo a Layer by Layer Upgrade
Pagawo lililonse, zindikirani nsanja zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuti zosintha zilizonse zokhudzana ndi nsanja zina zidziwike.

Gawo Loyamba - Kwezani ma TOR (Edge Switches)
Sinthani ma TOR onse amodzi ndi amodzi. Zimaganiziridwa kuti ma TOR onse ndi zida za RE imodzi kotero kuti TOR yomwe ikukonzedwanso sikupezeka panthawi yopititsa patsogolo njira yotumizira deta. Ngati seva ilumikizidwa ndi TOR imodzi yokha yomwe ikukwezedwa, sunthani ma VM kumaseva omwe amalumikizidwa ndi ma TOR omwe sakukwezedwa.

Gawo Lachiwiri - Sinthani Zida Zamasamba
Sinthani zosintha zonse zamasamba, imodzi ndi imodzi: leaf1, leaf2, leaf3, ndi zina zotero. Pakusintha kwapawiri kwa RE, gwiritsani ntchito njira ya ISSU kapena NSSU.

Gawo Lachitatu - Kusintha kwa Spines
Sinthani masiwichi onse a msana, chimodzi ndi chimodzi: spine1, spine2, spine3, ndi zina zotero. Pakusintha kwapawiri kwa RE, gwiritsani ntchito njira ya ISSU kapena NSSU.

Khwerero Chachinayi - Sinthani Super-Spines
Sinthani masiwichi onse apamwamba-msana, imodzi ndi imodzi: super-spine1, super-spine2, super-spine3, ndi zina zotero. Pakusintha kwapawiri kwa RE, gwiritsani ntchito njira ya ISSU kapena NSSU.

Njira Yodziwika Yosinthira Kusintha

Pre-Upgrade and Post-Upgrade Health Checking

Tikukulimbikitsani kuyang'ana thanzi la switch kuti ikwezedwe, zonse zisanakhazikitsidwe ndikusintha, ndikujambula izi. Zambiri zojambulidwa zomwe zidasinthidwa ndikuwunikanso zathanzi zitha kufananizidwa pakakhala vuto.

Ndondomeko Yowunika Zaumoyo
Chitani izi:

  1.  Yang'anani ngati kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kuli koyenera, popanda kutaya kulikonse kusanachitike komanso pambuyo pake.
  2.  Sungani zosintha zonse za zida ndikuzisunga pa seva musanayambe kukweza.
  3.  Sungani zambiri zatsatanetsatane ndikuwonetsetsa kuti dongosololi lili bwino musanayambe komanso mutakweza.
    • Yang'anani syslog chifukwa cholephera ndi zolakwika zilizonse
    • onetsani mauthenga a chipika | basi
    • onetsani chipika chassd | basi
    • Yang'anani ma alarm ndi kutaya kwakukulu pa dongosolo
      onetsani ma alarm a chassis | basi
      onetsani ma alarm system | basi
      onetsani zotayira zapakatikati | basi
    • Onani mawonekedwe a RE/FPC/PIC ndi mawonekedwe olumikizirana (pamapulatifomu onse omwe amathandizidwa)
      onetsani zambiri za hardware ya chassis | basi
      onetsani chassis fpc zambiri | basi
      onetsani chassis fpc chithunzi-chithunzi | basi
      onetsani chilengedwe cha chassis | basi
      onetsani injini ya chassis | basi
      onetsani mafotokozedwe a mawonekedwe | kufanana | basi
      onetsani mafotokozedwe a mawonekedwe | kufanana pansi | basi
      onetsani mawonekedwe xe-* | fananizani "zakuthupi| mlingo" | basi
      onetsani mawonekedwe et-* | fananizani "zakuthupi| mlingo" | basi
      Pamapulatifomu okhazikika a chassis, mutha kuyendetsanso ma CLI okhudzana ndi nsalu:
      onetsani chidule cha nsalu ya chassis | basi
      onetsani chassis nsalu fpcs | basi
      Pakusintha kwapawiri kwa RE, tiyenera kuyang'ana kukonzekera kwa ISSU/NSSU:
      a. Pakakhala masiwichi apawiri a RE, zosunga zobwezeretsera RE ziyenera kukhala GRES zokonzeka.
      b. Yang'anani Master RE: "Switchover Ready" ali okonzeka poyendetsa lamulo la "kupempha chassis routing-engine master switch check"
      c. Thamangani lamulo la "show system switchover" mu Backup RE ndikuwonetsetsa kuti yakonzeka.
    • Yang'anani tebulo lamayendedwe ndi tebulo lotumizira, izi ziyenera kukhala monga momwe zikuyembekezeredwa:
      onetsani njira zambiri zamakina | basi
      onetsani mzere wa krt | basi
      onetsani mwachidule njira | basi
      onetsani chidule cha tebulo la njira | basi
      onetsani nthawi yotha ntchito ya arp no-resolve | basi
      Mu ARP CLI pamwambapa, kusathetsa kukuwonetsa kuti sitikufuna kuyang'ana ma DNS pazolowera zilizonse patebulo la ARP. Chifukwa chake, popanda kuthetseratu, timangowona ma adilesi a IP, omwe amatha kukhala achangu mukakhala ndi zolemba zingapo za ARP.
    • Yang'anani ndikusunga zambiri zokhudzana ndi nsalu za IP (za nsanja zonse zothandizira):
    • onetsani pfe ziwerengero traffic | basi
    • onetsani makina pafupifupi-memory | basi
    • onetsani zambiri za kukumbukira ntchito | basi
    • onetsani kukumbukira kwadongosolo | basi
    • onetsani kukumbukira ntchito | basi
    • onetsani chassis fpc | basi
    • onetsani injini ya chassis | basi
    • onetsani njira zambiri zamakina | basi
    • onetsani tsatanetsatane wa kukumbukira kwamakina | basi
    • onetsani bgp chidule | basi
    • onetsani mawonekedwe ae* terse | basi
    • kuwonetsa mawonekedwe a lacp
    • wonetsani ma lacp statistics interfaces
    • onetsani ma interfaces terse | palibe-zambiri
    • onetsani gawo la bfd | basi
      Pamapulatifomu otengera ma chassis, mutha kuyendetsa lamulo logwirizana ndi Switch Interface Board (SIB):
      onetsani abale a chassis | basi
      Chitani macheke amtundu uliwonse komanso njira zokonzekera chida chokwezera chomwe mwakonzekera, mukamaliza kuwunika zaumoyo. Macheke awa akuyenera kuchitidwa musanayambe ndondomeko yokweza yomwe yalembedwa m'zigawo zotsatirazi za chikalatachi.

Kukonzekera Kukweza 

Chitani izi:

  1. Yang'anani kusungirako kwaulere kwadongosolo kuti muwonetsetse kusungidwa kokwanira kwa chithunzi chatsopano cha Junos OS:
    • Thamangani "df -k / var/tmp" pamachitidwe a chipolopolo kuti muwone malo aulere.
    • Ngati, malo aulere ndi ochepa kuposa malo ofunikira kuti akwezedwe, ndiye kuti tikhoza kumasula malo pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo lomwe lili mu sitepe 2. Kwa ZTP, palibe kufunikira kwa malo aulere.
  2. Thamangani "pempho losungirako zosungirako zowuma" pafupi ndi zomwe mukufuna files za kufufutidwa:
  3. Gwiritsani ntchito lamulo la "pempho losungirako zosungira" kuti musunge malo osungira pazida ngati mndandanda womwe mukufuna files kuchotsedwa ndikovomerezeka. 3. Chotsani ma alarm aliwonse ndi
    • core-dumps musanayambe kukweza: o zolakwika zomveka bwino fpc zonse fpc-slot 4
  4. Lembani chithunzi cha Junos OS ku chipangizo /var/tmp chikwatu. Gwiritsani ntchito izi pokhapokha ngati foni-kunyumba kapena ZTP sikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pre-Kukweza BGP Specific Operations pa Spine
Chitani izi:

  1. Zimaganiziridwa kuti switch iliyonse yomwe ikukwezedwa ili ndi magawo otsatirawa a BGP okonzedweratu:
    • kuchedwetsa-njira-zotsatsa kuchedwetsa pang'ono kulowa-kulumikizana
    • kuchedwetsa-njira-zotsatsa zochepa-kuchedwa kuwongolera-nthawi
      Izi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti njira za BGP zimalengezedwa ndi chosinthira pambuyo pamagetsi, pokhapokha kusinthana kwanjira kwatsimikiziridwa pakusintha kwanuko. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mayendedwe mu RIB adatsitsidwa ku FIB ya switch. Ngati njira za RIB sizikupezeka ku FIB, rauta yam'deralo imayamba njira zotsatsira mayendedwe atangopezeka ku RIB, ngakhale FIB siyingawatumize. Zitha kubweretsa kutsika kwa magalimoto kumalo omwe njira zawo zidalengezedwa ndi rauta yakomweko, koma komwe kulibe njira yofananirako mu FIB ya rauta yakomweko.
      Tanthauzo la magawo a BGP ndi motere: 
      convergence inbound - Tchulani kuchedwa kochepa pa malonda a njira pambuyo poti gwero la anzanu litumiza zosintha zonse za router yanu ikukonzedwanso. Chipangizo chapafupi chomwe chikukonzedwanso chimadikirira nthawi yokhazikika pambuyo polumikizana ndi chipangizo chapafupi kutha kwa gwero. Kwa mayendedwe a BGP, gwero la anzawo limatumiza kumapeto kwa nthiti pambuyo poti zosintha zonse zamayendedwe zitumizidwa ku chipangizo chakomweko. Mtengo wokhazikika ndi masekondi 120, osiyanasiyana ndi 1 mpaka 36000 masekondi.
      Ngati anzanu onse a BGP pachidacho ali amtundu wa IPv4, yendetsani lamulo ili:
    • khazikitsani ma protocol a bgp family inet unicast kuchedwetsa-njira zotsatsa kuchedwetsa kulowetsa-kulumikizana <1 mpaka 36000 s>
      Ngati anzanu onse a BGP pachidacho ali amtundu wa IPv6, yendetsani lamulo ili:
    • khazikitsani ma protocol a bgp family inet6 unicast kuchedwa-njira zotsatsa kuchedwetsa kulowera-kulumikizana <1 mpaka 36000 s>
      Ngati ena a BGP anzawo pa chipangizocho ndi amtundu wa IPv4, ndipo ena ali amtundu wa IPv6, ndiye kuti kulumikizana kwapakatikati pa chipangizo chapafupi kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa motsatana ndi anzawo. Kwa anzanu a IPv4 BGP, yendetsani lamulo ili:
    • khazikitsani ndondomeko bgp gulu mnansi banja inet unicast kuchedwa-njira zotsatsa zochepa-kuchedwa kulowera-kulumikizana <1 mpaka 36000 s>
      Kwa anzanu a IPv6 BGP, yendetsani lamulo ili: 
    • khazikitsani ma protocol bgp gulu loyandikana banja inet6 unicast kuchedwa-njira zotsatsa kuchedwetsa kulowera-kulumikizana <1 mpaka 36000 s>
      b) nthawi yochepetsera njira - Fotokozani kuchedwa kochepa, mumasekondi, musanatumize malonda a njira pambuyo pa ndondomeko ya ndondomeko (rpd) ikuyamba. Chipangizocho chimadikirira nthawi yayitali yokhazikika musanatumize zotsatsa zanjira kwa anzawo. Mtengo wokhazikika ndi masekondi 0, kuchuluka kwake ndi 1 mpaka 36000 masekondi.
      Ngati anzanu onse a BGP pachidacho ali amtundu wa IPv4, yendetsani lamulo ili:
    • khazikitsani ma protocol a bgp family inet unicast kuchedwa-njira zotsatsa kuchedwetsa-kuchedwa <1 mpaka 36000 s>
      Ngati anzanu onse a BGP pachidacho ali amtundu wa IPv6, yendetsani lamulo ili: 
    • khazikitsani ma protocol a bgp family inet6 unicast kuchedwa-njira zotsatsa zochepa-kuchedwa-kuchedwa <1 mpaka 36000 s>
      Ngati ena a BGP anzawo a chipangizocho ndi amtundu wa IPv4, ndipo ena ali amtundu wa IPv6, ndiye kuti nthawi yosinthira pazida zakomweko iyenera kukhazikitsidwa motsatana ndi anzawo. Kwa anzanu a IPv4 BGP, yendetsani lamulo ili:
    • khazikitsani ma protocol bgp gulu mnansi banja inet unicast kuchedwa-njira zotsatsa kuchedwetsa-kuchedwa <1 mpaka 36000 s>
      Kwa anzanu a IPv6 BGP, yendetsani lamulo ili: 
    • khazikitsani ma protocol bgp gulu mnansi banja inet6 unicast kuchedwa-njira zotsatsa kuchedwetsa-kuchedwa <1 mpaka 36000 s>
      Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani, https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/bgp/topics/ref/statement/ delay-route-advertisements-edit-protocols-group-family-unicast.html
  2. Ngati wosinthana aliyense wa BGP atumiza kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ku chipangizocho, zindikirani kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe akubwera (mapaketi otulutsa) pazida zake zolumikizidwa. Ngati pali mawonekedwe ophatikizika a ethernet, pakati pakusinthana kwa anzanu ndi chipangizochi, zindikirani mawonekedwe akuthupi pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili pakusintha kwa anzanu:
    • kuwonetsa mawonekedwe a lacp
      Yang'anirani kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe akuyenda pamawonekedwe amtundu wa anzanu, olumikizidwa ndi chipangizocho, pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo awa:
    • wonetsani zolumikizira
    • kuyang'anira mawonekedwe magalimoto
  3. Pangani ndondomeko yokana njira: 
    • Khazikitsani ndondomeko ya ndondomeko-zosankha kenako ukanire.
  4. Ngati chipangizo chakonzedwa ndi BGP, chotsani njira zonse za BGP zomwe zatsatiridwa kuchokera kumagulu onse apamwamba. Apa, gulu la SUPER-SPINES limatanthawuza masiwichi onse apamwamba kwambiri omwe amakhala ngati BGP anzawo akusintha kwa msana akukwezedwa:
  5. Ngati chipangizocho chikukonzedwa ndi BGP, chotsani njira zonse zotsatsira za BGP kuchokera kumasamba amnzawo, apa LEAF gulu limatanthawuza zosintha zamasamba zomwe zimakhala ngati BGP anzawo akusintha kwa msana akukwezedwa:
    • khazikitsani ma protocol a bgp gulu LEAF kutumiza DNY-ONSE ndikudzipereka.
  6. Zindikirani adilesi ya IP pa chipangizo chomwe chimakonzedwa pamtundu wake uliwonse wa BGP wolumikizidwa ndi anzawo. Pangani lamulo ili pa chipangizo:
    • Onetsani zolumikizira mwachidule
  7. Tsimikizirani pa switch iliyonse ya anzanu a BGP (yonse yamsana ndi tsamba) kuti njira zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja ndi chipangizo zimachotsedwa:
    • onetsani chidule cha bap
      Pali zolemba zambiri zomwe zikuwonetsedwa. Onani zomwe zikugwirizana ndi chipangizocho. Izi zitha kudziwika pogwiritsa ntchito adilesi ya IP yomwe idakonzedwa pazida zolumikizidwa ndi chosinthira cha anzawo, pomwe CLI iyi idayendetsedwa. Pazolowera zofananira ndi chipangizo (pakusintha kwa anzawo), njira zomwe zalandilidwa kuchokera ku chipangizocho ziyenera kuwonetsedwa ngati 0/0/0/0 pansi pa ndime.
      State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped.
    • Kapenanso, mutha kuyendetsanso lamulo lotsatirali pa switch iliyonse ya anzawo a BGP (yonse yamsana ndi tsamba) ya chipangizocho:
    • Onetsani bgp neigbor
      Izi ziyenera kuwonetsa zomwezo pamutuwu:
      Table inet.
  8. Ngati aliyense BGP anzawo lophimba amatumiza magalimoto kwa chipangizo, kuwunika ziwerengero zamagalimoto pa lophimba anzawo ndi kuyembekezera mpaka incremental egress stats (linanena bungwe mapaketi) pa chipangizo chake olumikizidwa interfaces kukhala pafupifupi Ngati pali aggregated ethernet mawonekedwe pakati pa lophimba anzawo ndi chipangizo , zindikirani zolumikizirana pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili pakusintha kwa anzanu:
    • kuwonetsa mawonekedwe a lacp Yang'anirani kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pazida zolumikizidwa ndi masinthidwe a anzanu pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili: onetsani zolumikizira
    • kuyang'anira mawonekedwe magalimoto

Kukwezeratu BGP Specific Operations pa Leaf
Chitani izi:

  1. Tsatirani sitepe 1 ya kukonzanso koyambirira kwa BGP pakusintha kwa msana.
  2. Njira yochotsera njira zotsatsira za BGP pakusintha kwamasamba ndikukwezedwa, ndizofanana kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa msana. Chotsani njira zotsatsira ma spines onse omwe akuchita ngati anzawo a BGP:
    • khazikitsani ma protocol bgp gulu SPINES kutumiza DNY-ONSE ndikudzipereka.
      Apa, SPINES amatanthauza gulu la anzawo a BGP lomwe limakonzedwa pamasamba osinthira kuti muyang'ane nawo
      ma spines onse kudzera pa BGP.
  3. Ngati chosinthira cha TOR (kapena chopezera seva) chilumikizidwa kudzera pa L2 MC-LAG kusinthira tsamba la chipangizo, zimitsani mawonekedwe amasamba olumikizidwa ndi chosinthira cha TOR (kapena chosungira seva). Izi ndichifukwa choti kusintha kwa TOR (kapena seva host) mwina sikungakhale ndi eBGP yosinthidwa ndikugwira ntchito motengera L2 hashing ya magalimoto opita kumpoto kumasinthidwe onse amasamba.
    Chifukwa chake, zimitsani mawonekedwe pakusintha kwatsamba kwa chipangizo kukukwezedwa, kupita ku switch ya TOR (kapena seva host host). Izi zimalepheretsa kusintha kwa TOR (kapena seva yolandila) kuti isatumize kuchuluka kwamtundu uliwonse kukusintha tsamba lachida kuti likukwezedwe. o Kukhazikitsa zolumikizira kuletsa ndi kudzipereka.
  4. Tsatirani masitepe 5 mpaka 7 ngati mungakonzeretu ntchito za BGP pa spines.

Kupititsa patsogolo Ntchito Zachindunji za BGP pa Super-Spines
Chitani izi:

  1. Tsatirani sitepe 1 ya kukonzanso koyambirira kwa BGP pakusintha kwa msana.
  2. Njira yochotsera njira zotsatsa za BGP pakusintha kwapamwamba-msana ndikukwezedwa, ndizofanana ndi zosinthira masamba. Chotsani njira zotsatsira ma spines onse omwe akuchita ngati anzawo a BGP:
  3. khazikitsani ma protocol bgp gulu SPINES kutumiza DNY-ONSE ndikudzipereka.
    Apa, SPINES amatanthauza gulu la anzawo a BGP lomwe limakonzedwa pakusintha kwapamwamba-msana kuti muyang'ane ndi misana yonse kudzera mu BGP. Tsatirani masitepe 5 mpaka 7 ngati mungakonzeretu ntchito za BGP pa spines.

Sinthani Chipangizo ndi Chithunzi Chatsopano ndikuyambitsanso
Pali njira zingapo zokwezera switch ndi chithunzi chatsopano:

  • Kusintha kwa CLI
  • ZTP
  • ISSU
  • NSSU
    Mafotokozedwe mwatsatanetsatane akupezeka mu gawoli, Zosintha Zosintha Pamanja Zosintha Popanda Juniper Apstra.

Njira Zakukweza Pambuyo Pamodzi Zofanana ndi RE Single ndi Zosintha Zapawiri za RE Ndi Maudindo Onse Osintha

  1. Chitani izi:
    Dikirani ndikutsimikizira kuti chipangizocho chakwera.
  2.  Onetsetsani kuti palibe ma process cores.
    • momwe dongosolo pachimake-damps
  3. Onetsetsani kuti palibe makina owonjezera ndi ma alarm a chassis.
    • onetsani ma alarm a chassis | basi
    • onetsani ma alarm system | basi

Post-Upgrade BGP Specific Operations on Spine
Chitani izi:

  1. Yambitsaninso njira zotsatsa kumagulu onse a anzanu. Apa, gulu la SUPER-SPINES limatanthawuza zosintha zapamwamba zomwe zimagwira ngati BGP anzawo akusintha kwa msana akukwezedwa:
    • Chotsani ma protocol a bgp gulu la SUPER-SPINES kutumiza DNY-ALL ndikudzipereka.
  2. Yambitsaninso njira zotsatsira masamba onse a anzanu. Apa, gulu la LEAF limatanthawuza zosintha zamasamba zomwe zimakhala ngati BGP anzawo akusintha kwa msana akukwezedwa: o Chotsani ma protocol a bgp gulu LEAF kutumiza DENNY-ALL ndikudzipereka.
  3. Ngati magalimoto adatumizidwa kuchokera ku msana uliwonse (wokhala ngati BGP peer switch) kupita ku chipangizocho, fufuzani ziwerengero zamagalimoto pakusinthana kwa anzawo ndikudikirira mpaka kuchuluka kwa egress (mapaketi otulutsa) pazida zake zolumikizidwa zolumikizidwa kukhala pafupifupi mtengo wokonzanso. Ngati pali mawonekedwe ophatikizika a ethernet, pakati pakusinthana kwa anzanu ndi chipangizochi, zindikirani mawonekedwe akuthupi pogwiritsa ntchito CLI iyi pakusintha kwa anzawo:
    • kuwonetsa mawonekedwe a lacp
      Yang'anirani kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe akuyenda pamawonekedwe amtundu wa anzanu omwe alumikizidwa ndi msana
    • sinthani kukwezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma CLI otsatirawa: onetsani zolumikizira | | mtengo wa grep
    • kuyang'anira mawonekedwe magalimoto

Kupititsa patsogolo Ntchito Zapadera za BGP pa Leaf ndi ToR Switch / Server Host 

  1. Chitani zotsatirazi: 1. Yambitsaninso njira zotsatsa za BGP pakusintha kwamasamba ndikukwezedwa. Sitepe iyi ikufanana ndi ya spine switch. Yambitsaninso njira zotsatsira ku ma spines onse omwe ali ngati anzawo a BGP: o chotsani ma protocol a bgp gulu SPINES kutumiza DENNY-ALL ndikudzipereka. Apa, SPINES amatanthauza gulu la anzawo a BGP lomwe limasinthidwa pamasamba kuti muyang'ane ndi misana yonse kudzera pa BGP.
  2. Ngati chosinthira cha TOR (kapena chosungira seva) chilumikizidwa ndi masiwichi amasamba kudzera pa L2 MC-LAG, mawonekedwe amtundu wamasamba olumikizidwa ndi chosinthira cha TOR (kapena seva host), iyenera kuyatsidwanso (ngati idayimitsidwa kale. ). Izi zimathandizira kusintha kwa TOR (kapena seva yolandila) kutumiza magalimoto kumasinthidwe onse amasamba (kuphatikiza kusintha kwa masamba kusinthidwa) pambuyo pa L2-hashing.
    • set interfaces yambitsani ndikudzipereka.
  3. Tsatirani sitepe 3 ngati mutasintha ntchito za BGP pa spines

Kupititsa patsogolo Ntchito Zapadera za BGP pa Super-Spines
Chitani izi:

  1. Yambitsaninso njira zotsatsa za BGP pakusintha kwapamwamba-msana ukukulitsidwa. Sitepe iyi ikufanana ndi ya spine switch. Yambitsaninso njira zotsatsira ku ma spines onse omwe akuchita ngati anzawo a BGP:
    • Chotsani ma protocol a bgp gulu SPINES kutumiza DNY-ALL ndikudzipereka.
      Apa, SPINES amatanthauza gulu la anzawo a BGP lomwe limakonzedwa pakusintha kwapamwamba kwa msana
      kuyang'ana ndi misana yonse kudzera pa BGP. Tsatirani sitepe 3 ngati mutasintha ntchito za BGP
      pa misana.
  2. Tsatirani sitepe 3 ngati mutasintha ntchito za BGP pa spines.

Tsimikizirani Zonse Zoyang'ana pa Network Core-Facing
Chitani izi:

  1. Yembekezani ndikuwonetsetsa kuti njira zonse zapansi panthaka zatha.
  2. Dikirani ndikutsimikizira kuti maubwenzi oyandikana nawo a BGP akhazikitsidwa. Yembekezerani kusinthidwa kwa njira ya BGP kumalize.
    a) "onetsani bgp chidule" ndikuwona Makhalidwe Okhazikika kwa oyandikana nawo onse.
  3. Dikirani ndikutsimikizira kuti mawonekedwe a IRB ali pamwamba. Izi zimagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati mawonekedwe a IRB asinthidwa, izi zimachitika pa masiwichi a ToR kapena CE.
    a) Onetsani mawonekedwe a irb

Tsimikizirani ma Interfaces onse a End-Device Facing Access
Yembekezerani ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu ogwiritsa ntchito kumayambiranso ngati mwachizolowezi.

Kuwunika Kwaumoyo wa Post-Upgrade
Bwerezaninso ndondomeko yowunika thanzi yomwe idachitidwa musanayambe kukweza. Ikhoza kutsatiridwa ndi macheke amtundu uliwonse.

Kuyeretsa Pambuyo Kukweza

  1. Chotsani chithunzi chatsopanocho ngati pakufunika.
  2. Bwezerani masinthidwe a syslog kubwerera ku choyambirira.

Mapulatifomu Othandizira Njira Zokweza Pamanja (Popanda Juniper Apstra)

Table 2 imapereka tsatanetsatane wa nsanja zothandizidwa.
Table 2 Ndondomeko Yowonjezera Pamanja

Sinthani Njira Reference Platform Yothandizira
ISSU https://apps.juniper.net/feature-explorer/issu.html
NSSU https://apps.juniper.net/feature-explorer/feature- info.html?fKey=1175&fn=Nonstop+software+upgrade+%28NSSU%29
ZTP https://apps.juniper.net/feature-explorer/parent-feature- info.html?pFKey=1272&pFName=Zero+Touch+Provisioning

Zambiri Zokwezera Pamanja Zosintha Popanda Juniper Apstra

Onse Single ndi Awiri RE Kusintha
Kusintha kokhazikika kwa CLI kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa masiwichi amodzi komanso apawiri a RE. Iyi ndiye njira yosavuta yosinthira ndipo ilibe mawonekedwe omwe amathandizidwa ndi zosankha zina. Choyamba, ftp pulogalamu yatsopanoyo ku / var/tmp chikwatu pazida. Kenako, yendetsani lamulo ili:
root@host> pemphani pulogalamu yamakina onjezani kuyambiranso

Single RE Kusintha Kokha
Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) imabwezeretsa kusintha kwa kasinthidwe ka fakitale. Mu ZTP, kasinthidwe kamene kaliko kale kuyenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kudzera mu a file seva pomwe chithunzi cha Junos OS Evolved kapena Junos OS chimasungidwa, popeza chidzatayika. Dziwani kuti kusinthaku kusinthidwa pambuyo pa ZTP kuyenera
kulumikizidwa ku seva yosinthira / seva yazithunzi nthawi zonse, kuti kasinthidwe kamene kaliko kale kagwiritsidwenso ntchito ZTP ikatha.

Zongoganizira
Chipangizochi chimagwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso zomwe zasinthidwa pa seva ya Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) kuti mupeze chithunzi chofunikira komanso masinthidwe apulogalamu. files pa intaneti. Ngati seva ya DHCP sinakonzedwe kuti ipereke chidziwitsochi, ndiye kuti pulogalamu yoyikiratu komanso masinthidwe afakitole amatsitsidwa.

Chikalatachi chikuganiza kuti dhcpd, vsftpd, tftpd, ndi httpd zayikidwa ndikukonzedwa kuti zithandizire ZTP. Chipangizo chomwe chimaperekedwa kutsitsa chithunzi ndi kasinthidwe files amagwiritsa ntchito imodzi ya vsftpd, httpd, ndi tftpd. DHCP imagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka zosankha za ZTP.

DHCP Relay 

Ngati seva ya ZTP ndi chipangizo chomwe chikuyenera kukwezedwa sichikulumikizidwa mwachindunji pa LAN yomweyo, kutumizirana kwa DHCP kumafunika. Relay iyenera kuyatsidwa pa chipangizo chilichonse chomwe chimapereka kulumikizana pakati pa chipangizo chomwe chikukonzedwa ndi seva ya ZTP pogwiritsa ntchito ma CLI otsatirawa:
Khazikitsani zosankha za dhcp-relay seva-group test
Khazikitsani zosankha zotumizira dhcp-relay active-server-group test Khazikitsani zosankha zotumizira dhcp-relay gulu mawonekedwe onse
Kuti mumve zambiri pakukonzekera DHCP kutumizirana mauthenga pa chipangizo cha Junos OS, onani zolemba izi:

Kukhazikitsa DHCP Server ndi Transport Mode

Chitani izi:

  1. Onani ku https://linux.die.net/man/5/dhcpd.conf kudziwa zambiri za magawo ndi Pansipa ndi mongaample config ya /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf.
    • # mawonekedwe omwe seva ya dhcp imamvera ku dhcp kupeza mauthenga.
      DHCPDARGS=ens33;
      # Chilengezo chomwe chili pansipa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira ma subnets omwe
      kumvera
      # ya dhcp pezani mauthenga ndikupereka ma adilesi a IP.
      # range : imatchula ma ip adilesi angati obwereketsa.
      # domain-name : imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira maukonde, ma domain nameservers: ogwiritsidwa ntchito
      # pomwe mayina olandila amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa ma adilesi a ip.
      subnet 3.3.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
      osiyanasiyana 3.3.3.3 3.3.3.15;
      dzina lachidziwitso "mydomain.net";
      kusankha domain-name-servers 10.209.194.133;
      njira zopangira 3.3.3.254;
      kusakhulupirika-nthawi yobwereketsa 60000;
      nthawi yobwereketsa kwambiri 720000;
      }
      # Pansipa chilengezochi chimapereka tanthauzo la danga.
      danga losankha SUNW;
      njira SUNW.server-chithunzi code 0 = malemba;
      njira SUNW.server-file kodi 1 = mawu;
      njira SUNW.image-file-mtundu kodi 2 = malemba;
      njira SUNW.transfer-mode code 3 = malemba;
      njira SUNW.symlink-server-chithunzi code 4 = malemba;
      njira SUNW.http-doko code 5 = malemba;
      kusankha SUNW-encapsulation code 43 = encapsulate SUNW;
      Gulu # limagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito magawo wamba pagulu la makamu osiyanasiyana.
      # kufotokozera wolandila wina ndi magawo ake.
      # "hardware ethernet" mac-adilesi ya chipangizocho. Kwa MX10003 itero
      # khalani ndi adilesi ya Mac ya mawonekedwe a fxp0.
      # "transfer-mode" yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsitsa chithunzicho ndikusintha
      # files. Ngati izi palibe, kusakhulupirika ndi tftp. Zosankha ndi http, ftp ndi tftp.
      # log-server ndi ntp-server ndi zotumiza mauthenga a syslog.
      # "chithunzi cha seva" ndiye chithunzi cha chipangizocho.
      # "seva-file ” ndiye njira ya config file.
      # "tftp-server-name" ndi adilesi ya IP ya seva yomwe imapereka files
      # kwa booting. Izi zimaperekedwa ngati chingwe.
      gulu {
      seva yotsatira 3.3.3.1;
      host mx204-12345 {
      hardware ethernet 98:a4:04:7f:1a:83;
      njira SUNW.transfer-mode "ftp";
      njira yopezera dzina "mx204-12345";
      zosankha log-servers 3.3.3.1;
      njira ntp-maseva 66.129.255.62;
      njira SUNW.server-file "dut-baseline-config.conf";
      njira SUNW.server-chithunzi "junos-vmhost-install-mx-x86-64-
      19.4R1.1.tgz”;
      kusankha tftp-server-name "3.3.3.1";
      Tsatirani malemba kapena mtundu wa nambala monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Ngati sichoncho, dhcpd ikuwonetsa cholakwika poyambitsa. Sungani config file ndikuyamba ntchito ya dhcpd. Zolemba zokhudzana ndi dhcpd zitha kukhala viewed mu /var/log/messages file.
  2. Koperani chithunzicho ndi kasinthidwe file kunjira zoyenera kutengera njira yamayendedwe yokhazikitsidwa. Gome ili m'munsiyi ndi exampkuganiza /tftpboot/ amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tftp ndi ftp kwa file sitolo. Seva -file ndi zosankha zazithunzi za seva mu dhcpd.conf file muyenera kukhala ndi njira yokhudzana ndi njira yokonzedwera njira yoyendera.
    Transport Mode Konzani File Njira Tsamba Lanyumba
    ftp /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf /tftpboot
    tftp /etc/xinet.d/tftp /tftpboot
    http /etc/http/conf/httpd.conf / var / www / html /

    Za example, ngati chithunzicho chili mu /tftpboot/PLATFORM_AA/image_aa.tgz, ndiye
    chithunzi cha seva chiyenera kukhala /PLATFORM_AA/image_aa.tgz.

  3. Ngati chipangizo chosasinthika cha fakitale chikuperekedwa, pangani maulumikizidwe a netiweki ndi mphamvu pa chipangizocho. Chidacho chikayamba, kukweza kwazithunzi (AIU) kumayamba.
  4. Ngati chipangizo chomwe chilipo chikuyenera kuperekedwa, ndi bwino kuyimitsa zero pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo la "pempho la zeroize". Lembani "inde" kuti muyambe ndikusindikiza Enter.
    Chipangizocho ndi zeroized ndiyeno kuyambiranso. Chipangizocho chimabwera mu mawonekedwe a amnesiac. Lowani pogwiritsa ntchito mizu ndipo palibe mawu achinsinsi. Pambuyo pa mphindi zingapo, pali mauthenga pa console akuwonetsa kuti ZTP yayamba. Chotsani "kuwonetsa dhcp kasitomala kumanga" lamulo la CLI kuti mutsimikizire IP yomangidwa ndi DHCP.

Kuyang'anira Kukula kwa ZTP 

Chitani izi:

  1. Mauthenga otsatirawa akuwonetsa zosankha zomwe zimatumizidwa ndi seva ya DHCP:
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zagalimoto: Zosankha za DHCP INET za mawonekedwe a kasitomala fxp0.0 KonzaniFile:
    baseline_mt-bona ImageFile: junos-vmhost-install-mx-x86-64- 20.3R1.3.tgz
    Chipata: 17.17.34.1 Seva ya DHCP: 17.17.34.1 File Seva: 17.17.34.1
    Kenako, AIU imagwiritsa ntchito zambiri muzosankha za DHCP kutsitsa chithunzicho ndi kasinthidwe files. Chithunzicho chimayikidwa. Pambuyo pokhazikitsa chithunzi, AIU imakonza mwayi wosankha kuti igwiritse ntchito kasinthidwe kuchokera pamasinthidwe otsitsidwa. file. Monga sitepe yomaliza chithunzi chatsopano chikayikidwa, gwiritsani ntchito kasinthidwe.
    Pansipa pali chithunzithunzi cha mauthenga omwe amawonetsedwa pa kontrakitala pambuyo polandila zosankha za DHCP.
    zosankhidwa zimalandiridwa.
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zamagetsi: Kuti muyime, pa CLI gwirani ntchito
    "chotsani chithunzithunzi-chithunzi cha chassis" ndikudzipereka
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zagalimoto: Kumagwira ntchito pa INET kasitomala mawonekedwe: fxp0.0
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zagalimoto: Chiyankhulo :: "fxp0"
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zagalimoto: Seva: "17.17.34.1"
    Kusintha kwazithunzi za Auto: Chithunzi File:: "junos-vmhost-install-mx-x86-64-
    20.3R1.3.tgz"
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zamagetsi: Config File:: "baseline_mt-bona"
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zagalimoto: Chipata:: "17.17.34.1"
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zagalimoto: Protocol:: "ftp"
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Pamodzi: Nthawi yotha ya FTP yakhazikitsidwa kukhala masekondi 300
    Nawa mauthenga omwe amawonetsedwa chithunzi chikatsitsidwa ndikuyika:
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zagalimoto: Yambani kutengera baseline_mt-bona file kuchokera ku seva
    17.17.34.1 kudzera fxp0 pogwiritsa ntchito ftp
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zadzidzidzi: File baseline_mt-bona zotengedwa kuchokera ku seva
    17.17.34.1 mpaka fxp0
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Pamodzi: Nthawi yotha ya FTP yakhazikitsidwa kukhala masekondi 300
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zagalimoto: Yambani kutenga junos-vmhost-install-mx-x86-64-
    20.3R1.3.tgz file kuchokera pa seva 17.17.34.1 kudzera pa fxp0 pogwiritsa ntchito ftp
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zadzidzidzi: File junos-vmhost-install-mx-x86-64-20.3R1.3.tgz
    zotengedwa kuchokera ku seva 17.17.34.1 kudzera pa fxp0
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zagalimoto: Kuchotsa chithunzithunzi cha junos-vmhostinstall-mx-x86-64-20.3R1.3.tgz cholandiridwa kuchokera ku 17.17.34.1 kudzera
    fxp0: Kuyika ndi kutengera chithunzi chofanana
    Kukwezera Zithunzi Zagalimoto: Kugwiritsa ntchito baseline_mt-bona file kasinthidwe
    zotengedwa kuchokera ku seva 17.17.34.1 kudzera pa fxp0
    Zotsatirazi ndi mauthenga ochokera ku /var/log/messages file zomwe zikuwonetsa adilesi ya IP ikuperekedwa ku chipangizocho
    Sep 26 04:11:41 mx-phs-server1 dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST ya 17.17.34.110
    kuchokera ku e4:fc:82:0f:d2:00 (TC3718210039) kudzera eth1
    Sep 26 04:11:42 mx-phs-server1 dhcpd: DHCPACK pa 17.17.34.110 mpaka
    e4:fc:82:0f:d2:00 (TC3718210039) via eth1
    Sep 26 05:11:41 mx-phs-server1 dhcpd: Identifier-Class-Class-Identifier:
    Juniper: ex4600-40f:TC3718210039
    Sep 26 05:11:42 mx-phs-server1 dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST ya 17.17.34.110
    kuchokera ku e4:fc:82:0f:d2:00 (TC3718210039) kudzera eth1
    Sep 26 05:11:42 mx-phs-server1 dhcpd: DHCPACK pa 17.17.34.110 mpaka
    e4:fc:82:0f:d2:00 (TC3718210039) via eth1
    Monga sitepe yomaliza chithunzicho chikayikidwa, gwiritsani ntchito kasinthidwe. Thamangani "Mawonekedwe a System" kutsimikizira zotuluka. Chipangizocho chiyenera kukhala ndi kasinthidwe koyenera kumapeto. Pakuti mwatsatanetsatane unsembe zipika, mukhoza onani /var/log/image_load_log file.

Kutsimikizira

Kuti mutsimikizire kuti chipangizochi chalandira adilesi ya IP kuchokera ku seva ya DHCP, yendetsani lamulo ili: root@host> onetsani dhcp kasitomala kumanga
Pazotulutsa, dziko la DHCP liyenera kuwonetsa "BOUND".
root@host> onetsani chipika chithunzi_load_log
Zotulutsa zikuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwa njira yotsitsa zithunzi za ZTP.

Kusaka zolakwika

Chitani izi:

  1. Onetsetsani kuti zolumikizira zikugwira ntchito. Popeza kuti DHCP ipeza mauthenga amawulutsidwa, netiweki iyenera kutumiza mauthenga a DHCP awa ku seva ya DHCP.
  2. Mchitidwe wa dhcpd uyenera kukhala ukuyenda kapena kugwira. Ngati sichoncho, yang'anani /var/log/messages file kutsimikizira nkhaniyo. Gwiritsani ntchito zomwezo file kuyang'ana zolemba za DHCP
    kutsimikizira ngati DHCP yapeza mauthenga afika pa seva ya DHCP. Pakadali pano, chipangizocho chiyenera kupatsidwa adilesi ya IP.
  3. Mauthenga a DHCP mu /var/log/messages ayenera kukhala adilesi ya mac ya mawonekedwe a fxp0/em0. Ngati palibe, ndiye kuti DHCP ipeza mauthenga ochokera ku chipangizocho sakufika pa seva.
  4. Tsimikizirani kuti mawonekedwe a fxp0/em0 amalandira adilesi ya IP monga momwe zasonyezedwera mu lamulo lotulutsa "show dhcp kasitomala binding".
    Kuphatikiza pa adilesi ya IP, chipangizocho chiyenera kulandira zambiri za chithunzicho file, kasinthidwe file, IP ya seva, ndi njira yoyendera yomwe idzagwiritsidwe ntchito popereka chipangizocho.
    Ngati adilesi ya IP yokha ilandilidwa popanda zosankha, onetsetsani kuti njira ya "tftp-server-name" kapena "dzina la seva" ilipo. Ngati chimodzi mwa ziwirizi palibe, dhcpd sichitumiza zina zowonjezera. Ngati zosintha zasinthidwa pakusintha kulikonse files, ntchito yofananira iyenera kuyambiranso kuti zosintha zichitike.
  5. Ngati zosankhazo zalandiridwa koma pali zovuta pakutsitsa chithunzicho kapena kasinthidwe file, yang'anani kasinthidwe kwa ntchito yofananira. The sampmasanjidwe ndi zoikamo zikuwonetsedwa pansipa pakuyika kwa Centos 6.x.
    Sampkumanzere vsftd.conf zomwe zathandizidwa kuti zithandizire ztp.
    osadziwika_able = INDE
    local_enable = INDE
    local_root=/tftpboot/
    write_enable = INDE
    local_umask=022
    anon_upload_enable=YES
    anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
    dirmessage_enable=YES
    xferlog_enable=YES
    xferlog_std_format=YES
    ascii_upload_enable=YES
    ascii_download_enable=YES
    allow_writeable_chroot=YES
    ls_recurse_enable=YES
    mvera=IYE
    pam_service_name=vsftpd
    userlist_enable=NO
    userlist_deny=NO
    tcp_wrappers=YES
    anon_root=/tftpboot/     

    Sample httpd.conf zosankha zothandizira ztp
    ServerRoot "/ etc/httpd" Mvetserani: Wogwiritsa daemon Gulu daemon EnableSendfile on
    Sample tftp zosankha zothandizira ztp mu
    /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
    seva_args = -s /tftpboot/
    kuletsa = n

  6. Kugawa kwaposachedwa kwa Linux (kwa mwachitsanzoample, Centos 7 kapena mtsogolo) ali ndi firewall yomwe ikuyenda ndi Configure kuti ilole mwayi wopezeka pazithandizozi.
    Zambiri za njirayi zitha kupezeka pa https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/junos-install- upgrade/topics/topic-map/zero-touch-provision.html

Kusintha kwapawiri RE kokha 

Njira ya ZTP itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakusintha kwapawiri RE. Palinso njira zina zosinthira zapawiri za RE.
NSSU

ISSU imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa masiwichi apawiri a RE ndikuphatikiza GRES ndi NSR. Malingaliro ake ndi awa:

ZINDIKIRANI: Ena mwa ma PIC a cholowa samathandizira ISSU. Ma PIC omwe amakhala opanda intaneti pambuyo pa ISSU ayenera kutsegulidwa pa intaneti pamanja.

MUTU 5 Juniper Apstra Based Upgrade

Sinthani Kusintha ndi Juniper Apstra Software

Njira yochotsera magalimoto kuchokera pa switch kudzera pa Apstra yafotokozedwa apa: https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/apstra4.1/apstra-user- guide/topics/task/device-drain.html.
Vidiyo yomweyi ikupezeka pa: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpk-0eZ_L_U.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za ndondomeko yowonjezera, onani https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/apstra4.1/apstra-user-guide/topics/topic- map/device-nos-upgrade.html.

MUTU 6 Junos OS Software Rollback

Rollback Junos OS Software

Chitani izi:

  1. Lumikizanani ndi chithandizo chamakasitomala cha ma alarm ndi zotayira pakatikati / mukatha kukweza.
    • Perekani syslog file "mauthenga" ndi maziko files
  2. Ngati kusintha kosinthika kulephera chifukwa cha ISSU, chosinthiracho chimangobwerera ku chithunzi chake choyambirira cha Junos OS / Junos OS Evolved. Pankhani ya NSSU, ndizotheka kuti masiwichi ena a VC/VCF asinthidwa bwino kukhala chithunzi chatsopano cha Junos OS, pomwe masiwichi otsala sanatero. Zikatero, muyenera kubwezeretsanso masiwichi omwe asinthidwa kumene ku chithunzi choyambirira cha Junos OS kudzera m'malamulo awa:
    • pemphani kubweza pulogalamu yamapulogalamu
    • pemphani dongosolo kuyambiranso
      Kenako, mutha kulumikizana ndi chithandizo chamakasitomala kuti akuthandizeni kukweza masiwichi omwe alephera kukweza.

Lofalitsidwa
2023-05-11

Zolemba / Zothandizira

Juniper NETWORKS IP Nsalu Kukweza Minimum [pdf] Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito
IP Fabric Upgrade Minimum, IP, Fabric Upgrade Minimum, Upgrade Minimum

Maumboni

Zolemba Zogwirizana

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