INVT XN5548 5.5KW OFF-GRID INVERTER

User Manual

Model: XN5548

Power Rating: 5.5KW

Type: Off-Grid Inverter

⚡ CAUTION: ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARD

⚡ ENERGY HAZARDOUS

Brand: INVT

ABOUT THIS MANUAL

Purpose

This manual describes the assembly, installation, operation, and troubleshooting of this unit. Please read this manual carefully before installations and operations. Keep this manual for future reference.

Scope

This manual provides safety and installation guidelines, as well as information on tools and wiring.

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

❗ WARNING: This chapter contains important safety and operating instructions. Read and keep this manual for future reference.

1. Before using the unit, read all instructions and cautionary markings on the unit, the batteries, and all appropriate sections of this manual.
2. CAUTION -- To reduce risk of injury, charge only deep-cycle lead acid type rechargeable batteries. Other types of batteries may burst, causing personal injury and damage.
3. Do not disassemble the unit. Take it to a qualified service center when service or repair is required. Incorrect re-assembly may result in a risk of electric shock or fire.
4. To reduce risk of electric shock, disconnect all wirings before attempting any maintenance or cleaning. Turning off the unit will not reduce this risk.
5. CAUTION – Only qualified personnel can install this device with battery.
6. NEVER charge a frozen battery.
7. For optimum operation of this inverter/charger, please follow required specifications to select appropriate cable size. It's very important to correctly operate this inverter/charger.
8. Be very cautious when working with metal tools on or around batteries. A potential risk exists to drop a tool to spark or short circuit batteries or other electrical parts and could cause an explosion.
9. Please strictly follow the installation procedure when you want to disconnect AC or DC terminals. Please refer to the INSTALLATION section of this manual for the details.
10. Fuses (1 piece of 200A, 32VDC for 3.5KW, 1 piece of 200A, 58VDC for 5.5KW) are provided as over-current protection for the battery supply.
11. GROUNDING INSTRUCTIONS - This inverter/charger should be connected to a permanent grounded wiring system. Be sure to comply with local requirements and regulations to install this inverter.
12. NEVER cause AC output and DC input to short circuit. Do NOT connect to the mains when DC input is short-circuited.
13. Warning!! Only qualified service persons are able to service this device. If errors still persist after following the troubleshooting table, please send this inverter/charger back to the local dealer or service center for maintenance.

INTRODUCTION

This is a multi-function inverter/charger, combining functions of inverter, MPPT solar charger, and battery charger to offer uninterruptible power support with a portable size. Its comprehensive LCD display offers user-configurable and easy-accessible button operation, such as battery charging current, AC/solar charger priority, and acceptable input voltage based on different applications.

Features

• Pure sine wave output
• Output power factor 1.0
• Programmable supply priority for PV, battery, or Grid
• User-adjustable charge current and voltage
• Wide PV input range (120Vdc-500Vdc), 110A MPPT SCC
• Working without batteries in sunny day
• WiFi Monitoring Function (optional)
• Anti-dusk kit for harsh environment (optional)
• LCD remote control with 10 meters wire (optional)
• PV and electricity complementary
• Use with lithium batteries

Basic System Architecture

The following illustration shows the basic application for this inverter/charger. It also includes the following devices to have a complete running system:

• Generator or Utility.
• PV modules (option)

Consult with your system integrator for other possible system architectures depending on your requirements.

This inverter can power all kinds of appliances in a home or office environment, including motor-type appliances such as tube lights, fans, refrigerators, and air conditioners.

Figure 1 Hybrid Power System: Illustrates a system with solar power input (optional), generator or utility input, the central inverter/charger unit, external battery packs, and home appliances as output.

Product Overview

Front Panel: The front panel features a comprehensive LCD display (1) for status and information, LED indicators (2. Status, 3. Charging, 4. Fault), and function buttons (5. ESC, UP, DOWN, ENTER) for user interaction.

Rear Panel: The rear panel includes the power on/off switch (6), AC input terminal (7), AC output terminal (8), PV input terminal (9), Battery input terminal (10), a circuit breaker (11), and RS485/RS232 communication port (12).

INSTALLATION

Unpacking and Inspection

Before installation, please inspect the unit. Be sure that nothing inside the package is damaged. You should have received the following items:

• The unit x 1
• User manual x 1
• Communication cable x 1

Preparation

Before connecting all wirings, please take off the bottom cover by removing two screws as shown in the diagram.

Mounting the Unit

Consider the following points before selecting where to install:

• Do not mount the inverter on flammable construction materials.
• Mount on a solid surface.
• Install this inverter at eye level in order to allow the LCD display to be read at all times.
• The ambient temperature should be between 0°C and 55°C to ensure optimal operation.
• The recommended installation position is to be adhered to the wall vertically.
• Be sure to keep other objects and surfaces as shown in the diagram to guarantee sufficient heat dissipation and to have enough space for removing wires.

⚠️ SUITABLE FOR MOUNTING ON CONCRETE OR OTHER NON-COMBUSTIBLE SURFACE ONLY.

Diagram: Shows recommended mounting clearances: 50cm above and below, 20cm on sides.

Battery Connection

⚠️ CAUTION: For safety operation and regulation compliance, it's requested to install a separate DC over-current protector or disconnect device between battery and inverter. It may not be requested to have a disconnect device in some applications; however, it's still requested to have over-current protection installed. Please refer to typical amperage in the table below as required fuse or breaker size.

❗ WARNING! All wiring must be performed by a qualified personnel.

❗ WARNING! It's very important for system safety and efficient operation to use appropriate cable for battery connection. To reduce risk of injury, please use the proper recommended cable and terminal size as below.

Diagram: Shows a ring terminal with dimensions L and D.

Recommended battery cable and terminal size:

Battery Connection Steps

1. Assemble battery ring terminal based on recommended battery cable and terminal size.
2. Connect all battery packs as units require.

NOTE: Please only use sealed lead acid battery or sealed GEL/AGM lead-acid battery.

3. Insert the ring terminal of battery cable flatly into the battery connector of the inverter and make sure the bolts are tightened with a torque of 2-3 Nm. Make sure polarity at both the battery and the inverter/charger is correctly connected and ring terminals are tightly screwed to the battery terminals.

Diagram: Shows inverter terminals labeled PV+, PV-, POS+, NEG+.

❗ WARNING: Shock Hazard. Installation must be performed with care due to high battery voltage in series.

⚠️ CAUTION!! Do not place anything between the flat part of the inverter terminal and the ring terminal. Otherwise, overheating may occur.

⚠️ CAUTION!! Do not apply anti-oxidant substance on the terminals before terminals are connected tightly.

⚠️ CAUTION!! Before making the final DC connection or closing DC breaker/disconnector, be sure positive (+) must be connected to positive (+) and negative (-) must be connected to negative (-).

AC Input/Output Connection

⚠️ CAUTION!! Before connecting to AC input power source, please install a separate AC breaker between the inverter and AC input power source. This will ensure the inverter can be securely disconnected during maintenance and fully protected from over current of AC input. The recommended spec of AC breaker is for 32A for 3.5KW, 50A for 5.5KW.

⚠️ CAUTION!! There are two terminal blocks with “IN” and “OUT” markings. Please do NOT mis-connect input and output connectors.

❗ WARNING! All wiring must be performed by a qualified personnel.

❗ WARNING! It's very important for system safety and efficient operation to use appropriate cable for AC input connection. To reduce risk of injury, please use the proper recommended cable size as below.

Suggested cable requirement for AC wires

Please follow below steps to implement AC input/output connection:

1. Before making AC input/output connection, be sure to open DC protector or disconnector first.
2. Remove insulation sleeve 10mm for six conductors. And shorten phase L and neutral conductor N 3 mm.
3. Insert AC input wires according to polarities indicated on terminal block and tighten the terminal screws. Be sure to connect PE protective conductor [?] first.
• L → LINE (brown or black)
• N → Neutral (blue)
• ? → Ground (yellow-green)

Diagram: Shows AC input and output terminal blocks with L, N, and PE connections.

❗ WARNING: Be sure that AC power source is disconnected before attempting to hardwire it to the unit.

4. Then, insert AC output wires according to polarities indicated on terminal block and tighten terminal screws. Be sure to connect PE protective conductor [?] first.
• L → LINE (brown or black)
• N → Neutral (blue)
• ? → Ground (yellow-green)

Diagram: Shows AC input and output terminal blocks with L, N, and PE connections.

Important CAUTION: Be sure to connect AC wires with correct polarity. If L and N wires are connected reversely, it may cause utility short-circuited when these inverters are worked in parallel operation.

Important CAUTION: Appliances such as air conditioners are required at least 2~3 minutes to restart because it's required to have enough time to balance refrigerant gas inside of circuits. If a power shortage occurs and recovers in a short time, it will cause damage to your connected appliances. To prevent this kind of damage, please check the manufacturer of the air conditioner if it's equipped with a time-delay function before installation. Otherwise, this inverter/charger will trigger an overload fault and cut off output to protect your appliance, but sometimes it still causes internal damage to the air conditioner.

PV Connection

⚠️ CAUTION: Before connecting to PV modules, please install separately a DC circuit breaker between the inverter and PV modules.

❗ WARNING! All wiring must be performed by a qualified personnel.

❗ WARNING! It's very important for system safety and efficient operation to use appropriate cable for PV module connection. To reduce risk of injury, please use the proper recommended cable size as below.

PV Module Selection

When selecting proper PV modules, please be sure to consider below parameters:

1. Open circuit Voltage (Voc) of PV modules not exceeds max. PV array open circuit voltage of inverter.
2. Open circuit Voltage (Voc) of PV modules should be higher than min. battery voltage.

Take 250Wp PV module as an example. After considering above two parameters, the recommended module configurations are listed as below table.

Please follow below steps to implement PV module connection:

1. Remove insulation sleeve 10 mm for positive and negative conductors.
2. Check correct polarity of connection cable from PV modules and PV input connectors. Then, connect positive pole (+) of connection cable to positive pole (+) of PV input connector. Connect negative pole (-) of connection cable to negative pole (-) of PV input connector.

Diagram: Shows PV input terminals (PV+, PV-) and connection points.

3. Make sure the wires are securely connected.

Final Assembly

After connecting all wirings, please put the bottom cover back by screwing two screws as shown below.

OPERATION

Power ON/OFF

Once the unit has been properly installed and the batteries are connected well, simply press the On/Off switch (located on the bottom of the case) to turn on the unit.

Operation and Display Panel

The operation and display panel, shown in the chart below, is on the front panel of the inverter. It includes three indicators, four function keys, and a LCD display, indicating the operating status and input/output power information.

• LCD display
• LED indicators: AC/INV, CHG, FAULT
• Function keys: ESC, UP, DOWN, ENTER

LED Indicator

Function Keys

LCD Display Icons

The LCD display shows various icons to represent different states and information. Below is a description of common icons and their functions.

In battery mode, it will present battery capacity.

Load Information

[OVERLOAD Icon] Indicates overload.

Indicates the load level by 0-24%, 25-50%, 50-74% and 75-100%.

Mode Operation Information

• [Mains Icon] Indicates unit connects to the mains.
• [PV Icon] Indicates unit connects to the PV panel.
• [BYPASS Icon] Indicates load is supplied by utility power.
• [Charger Icon] Indicates the utility charger circuit is working.
• [Inverter Icon] Indicates the DC/AC inverter circuit is working.

Mute Operation

[Mute Icon] Indicates unit alarm is disabled.

LCD Setting

After pressing and holding ENTER button for 3 seconds, the unit will enter setting mode. Press "UP" or "DOWN" button to select setting programs. And then, press “ENTER” button to confirm the selection or ESC button to exit.

Setting Programs:

Display Setting

The LCD display information will be switched in turns by pressing "UP" or "DOWN" key. The selectable information is switched as below order: input voltage, input frequency, PV voltage, MPPT charging current, MPPT charging power, battery voltage, output voltage, output frequency, load percentage, load in VA, load in Watt, DC discharging current, main CPU Version and second CPU Version.

Operating Mode Description

Battery Equalization Description

Equalization function is added into charge controller. It reverses the buildup of negative chemical effects like stratification, a condition where acid concentration is greater at the bottom of the battery than at the top. Equalization also helps to remove sulfate crystals that might have built up on the plates. If left unchecked, this condition, called sulfation, will reduce the overall capacity of the battery. Therefore, it's recommended to equalize battery periodically.

How to Apply Equalization Function

• You must enable battery equalization function in monitoring LCD setting program 33 first. Then, you may apply this function in device by either one of following methods:
• 1. Setting equalization interval in program 34.
• 2. Active equalization immediately in program 39.

When to Equalize

In float stage, when the setting equalization interval (battery equalization cycle) is arrived, or equalization is active immediately, the controller will start to enter Equalize stage.

Diagram: Shows charging stages: BULK, ABSORPTION, FLOAT, EQUALIZE, with voltage and time axes.

Equalize charging time and timeout

In Equalize stage, the controller will supply power to charge battery as much as possible until battery voltage raises to battery equalization voltage. Then, constant-voltage regulation is applied to maintain battery voltage at the battery equalization voltage. The battery will remain in the Equalize stage until setting battery equalized time is arrived.

Diagram: Shows charging stages: BULK, ABSORPT., FLOAT, EQUALIZE, with voltage and time axes, illustrating Equalize Charging Time.

However, in Equalize stage, when battery equalized time is expired and battery voltage doesn't rise to battery equalization voltage point, the charge controller will extend the battery equalized time until battery voltage achieves battery equalization voltage. If battery voltage is still lower than battery equalization voltage when battery equalized timeout setting is over, the charge controller will stop equalization and return to float stage.

Diagram: Shows charging stages: BULK, ABSORPT., FLOAT, EQUALIZE, with voltage and time axes, illustrating Equalize Charging Timeout.

Fault Reference Code

Warning Indicator

SPECIFICATIONS

Table 1 Line Mode Specifications

Table 2 Inverter Mode Specifications

Table 3 Charge Mode Specifications

Utility Charging Mode

Solar Charging Mode

Table 4 General Specifications

TROUBLE SHOOTING

Appendix: Approximate Back-up Time Table

3.5KW Models

5.5KW Models

Note: Backup time depends on the quality of the battery, age of battery, and type of battery. Specifications of batteries may vary depending on different manufacturers.

* Product technical specifications are subject to change without notice.

Printing Specifications

The following are technical requirements for the printing of this manual:

• Material: Cover: 105g coated paper, Inner pages: 80g writing paper, Black and white printing.
• Finished product size after binding: 142*210mm (tolerance +/-2MM).
• Printing effect: Pictures, fonts, and lines must be clear, with no ghosting, no rough edges, and no extra dots.