Operation Guide 3139

General Guide

• Press C to switch between modes.
• In any mode (except when an adjustment screen is displayed), press B to illuminate the display.

Mode Overview:

• Normal Timekeeping Mode: Displays the current time.
• World Time Mode: Displays the current time in 48 cities (29 time zones) around the world.
• Countdown Timer Mode: Counts down from a preset time.
• Stopwatch Mode: Measures elapsed time, split times, and two finishes.
• Alarm Mode: Sets a daily alarm and an hourly time signal.

Atomic Radio-Controlled Normal Timekeeping

This watch receives a time calibration signal to update and maintain the accuracy of the displayed time.

• Compatible time calibration signals: Germany (Mainflingen), England (Anthorn), United States (Fort Collins), Japan.
• If you experience problems with time calibration signal reception, see the information described in "Troubleshooting Signal Reception".

Display Elements:

• Day of the week
• Month - Day
• Year
• PM Indicator
• DST Indicator
• Local Time (Hour : Minute Seconds)

Setting the Current Time

This watch is automatically set to the correct time according to the time calibration signal. The time and date can also be set manually as needed.

1. The first thing you should do after purchasing this watch is to specify your local city (the city where you normally use the watch). For more information, see "To Specify Your Local City".
2. When using the watch outside the range of the time signal transmitters, you will need to manually set the current time as needed. For more information about manual time settings, see "Normal Timekeeping".
3. The U.S. time calibration signal can be received by the watch while you are in North America. In this manual, "North America" refers to the area consisting of Canada, the continental United States, and Mexico.

To Specify Your Local City

City Code

1. In the Normal Timekeeping Mode, press and hold A until the city code starts to flash, indicating that it is on the adjustment screen.
2. Press D (East) and B (West) to select the city code you want to use as your local city.
   • Time calibration signal reception is possible when any of the city codes shown in the following table are selected as your local city.

   Signal Type	City Code		City Name
   Germany/UK Signal	LIS	Lisbon	ATH	Athens
   	LON	London	MOW	Moscow
   	MAD	Madrid	PAR	Paris
   	ROM	Rome	BER	Berlin
   	STO	Stockholm
   Japan Signal	TPE	Taipei	SEL	Seoul
   	TYO	Tokyo
   	HKG	Hong Kong
   	BJS	Beijing
   United States Signal	HNL	Honolulu	YWG	Winnipeg
   	ANC	Anchorage	CHI	Chicago
   	YVR	Vancouver	MIA	Miami
   	LAX	Los Angeles	YTO	Toronto
   	YEA	Edmonton	NYC	New York
   	DEN	Denver	YHZ	Halifax
   	MEX	Mexico City	YYT	St. Johns

3. Press A twice to exit the adjustment screen.

Important!

• Normally, your watch should display the correct time as soon as you exit the local city code adjustment screen. If it does not, it should adjust automatically after the next auto reception operation (in the middle of the night). Manual reception or manual time setting can also be performed.
• The watch will automatically receive the time calibration signal from the corresponding transmitter (in the middle of the night) and update its settings accordingly. For information about the correlation between city codes and transmitters, see "Local City Codes and Transmitters".
• As per factory default settings, the watch is shipped with auto reception turned off for the following city codes: HNL (Honolulu), ANC (Anchorage), MOW (Moscow), HKG (Hong Kong), and BJS (Beijing). For more information on how to turn on auto reception for these city codes, see "To Turn Auto Reception On and Off".
• You can turn off time calibration signal reception if you wish. For more information, see "To Turn Auto Reception On and Off".
• For information about the watch's reception ranges, see the maps in "Approximate Reception Ranges".
• If you are in an area that does not use daylight saving time, you will need to turn off the DST setting.

Receiving the Time Calibration Signal

There are two different methods you can use to receive the time calibration signal: auto reception and manual reception.

• Auto Reception: With auto reception, the watch automatically receives the time calibration signal up to six times a day. Once an auto reception is successful, the remaining auto reception operations for the day are not performed. For more information, see "About Auto Reception".
• Manual Reception: Manual reception allows you to start the time calibration reception operation with the press of a button. For more information, see "To Perform Manual Reception".

Important!

When preparing to receive the time calibration signal, place the watch as shown in the following illustration, with the 12 o'clock side facing a window.

This watch is designed to receive the time calibration signal in the late night hours. For this reason, place the watch near a window, as shown in the illustration, when you take the watch off at night. Make sure there are no metal objects nearby.

[Illustration: Watch placed near a window, 12 o'clock side facing the window]

Make sure the watch is oriented in the correct direction.

It may be difficult or even impossible to get adequate signal reception when the following conditions are present:

• Inside or between buildings
• Inside a vehicle
• Near household appliances, office equipment, or a mobile phone
• Near construction sites, airports, or other sources of electrical noise
• Near high-voltage power lines
• Between or behind mountains

Signal reception is normally better at night than during the day.

Time calibration signal reception takes between two to seven minutes, but in some cases can take up to 14 minutes. Try not to perform any button operations or move the watch during this time.

The time calibration signal the watch will attempt to receive depends on your local city setting, as indicated below. If you use the watch in Japan or Europe (each of which has two different transmitter stations), the watch will attempt to receive the time calibration signal from one of the transmitters in the area you are in. If it cannot receive the signal, it will attempt to receive the signal from the other transmitter.

Local City Codes and Transmitters

* Because the areas covered by city codes HNL, ANC, MOW, HKG, and BJS are very far from the time calibration signal transmitters, under certain conditions you may experience problems with signal reception.

Approximate Reception Ranges

Signal reception may not be possible at the distances indicated below during certain times of the year or times of day. Radio interference can also cause reception problems.

• Transmitters from Mainflingen (Germany) or Anthorn (England): 500 kilometers (310 miles)
• Transmitter from Fort Collins (United States): 600 miles (1,000 kilometers)
• Transmitters from Fukushima or Fukuoka/Saga (Japan): 500 kilometers (310 miles)
• In April 2007, the UK signal transmitter was transferred from Rugby to Anthorn, which has caused a slight shift in the approximate signal reception range. This shift is so insignificant that it practically has no impact on the ability to receive the signal.
• Even when the watch is within the reception range of a transmitter, signal reception may be impossible due to the effects of geographical profiles, structures, weather, season of the year, time of day, radio interference, etc. Note that because the signal weakens at distances of approximately 500 kilometers from the transmitter, the effects of the conditions mentioned above become even more pronounced.

About Auto Reception

The watch automatically receives the time calibration signal up to six times a day. Once an auto reception is successful, the remaining auto reception operations for the day are not performed. The reception schedule (calibration times) depends on the currently selected local city, and whether standard time or daylight saving time is selected for your local city.

* Next day

Notes

• When a calibration time is reached, the watch will receive the calibration signal only if it is in the Normal Timekeeping Mode or World Time Mode. Reception does not occur if a calibration time is reached while settings are being configured.
• Auto reception of the time calibration signal is designed to occur in the early morning hours while you sleep (assuming the time in the Normal Timekeeping Mode is set correctly). At night, before going to bed, take the watch off your wrist and place it in a location where it can easily receive the signal.
• The watch will receive the calibration signal daily for two to seven minutes when each of the calibration times is reached in the Normal Timekeeping Mode. Do not perform any button operations within seven minutes before or correct calibration may not be possible.
• Note that time calibration signal reception will depend on the current time in the Normal Timekeeping Mode. The reception operation will occur whenever the watch face displays any of the calibration times, regardless of whether the currently displayed time is correct or not.
• Time calibration signal reception is disabled while a countdown timer operation is in progress.

About the Reception Indicator

The reception indicator shows the strength of the time calibration signal being received. For best reception, be sure to keep the watch in a location where the signal strength is strongest.

Reception Indicator:

• Weak (Level 0)
• Strong (Level 3)

• Even in an area where signal strength is strong, it will take about 10 seconds for signal reception to stabilize enough for the reception indicator to show signal strength.
• Use the reception indicator as a guide to check signal strength and find the best location for the watch during signal reception operations.
• The Level 3 reception indicator remains on the display in all modes, following successful time calibration signal reception and time setting calibration. The Level 3 reception indicator will not be displayed if signal reception was unsuccessful or after a manual adjustment of the current time setting.
• The Level 3 reception indicator appears only when you can successfully receive both time and date data. It does not appear when only time data is received.
• The Level 3 reception indicator indicates that at least one time calibration signal reception operation was successful. However, please note that the Level 3 reception indicator disappears from the display when the first auto reception operation of the day is performed.

To Perform Manual Reception

1. Place the watch on a stable surface so that its top (12 o'clock side) faces a window.
2. In the Normal Timekeeping Mode, press and hold D for about two seconds until RC! appears on the display.
   • Time calibration signal reception takes between two to seven minutes, but in some cases can take up to 14 minutes. Try not to perform any button operations or move the watch during this time.
   • After signal reception is complete, the watch display changes to the last signal screen.

Notes

• To interrupt the signal reception operation and return to the Normal Timekeeping Mode, press D.
• If the reception operation is unsuccessful, the message ERR appears on the display for one or two minutes. After that, the watch returns to the Normal Timekeeping screen.
• You can also switch from the last signal screen or ERR screen to the Normal Timekeeping screen by pressing D.
• Time calibration signal reception is disabled while a countdown timer operation is in progress.

To Turn Auto Reception On and Off

1. In the Normal Timekeeping Mode, press D to display the last signal screen.
2. Press and hold A until the reception indicator and the current auto reception setting (ON/OFF) start to flash. This is the adjustment screen.
   • Note that the adjustment screen does not appear when the currently selected local city is not one that supports time calibration reception.
3. Press D to cycle between turning auto reception ON and OFF.
4. Press A to exit the adjustment screen.
   • For information about city codes that support signal reception, see the section titled "To Specify Your Local City".

To Display the Last Signal Screen

In the Normal Timekeeping Mode, press D to display the last signal screen (indicated by GET). The last signal screen shows the date and time of the last successful time calibration signal reception.

Current Time and Date Screen:

• Day of the week
• Month - Day
• Year

Last Signal Screen:

• Reception Date
• Reception Time

[Diagram showing transition from Current Time/Date Screen to Last Signal Screen by pressing D]

Troubleshooting Signal Reception

Check the following points whenever you experience problems with time calibration signal reception.

For more information, see the section titled "Important!" and the section titled "Precautions for Atomic Radio-Controlled Normal Timekeeping".

World Time Mode

The World Time Mode displays the current time in 48 cities (29 time zones) around the world.

• If the current time displayed for a city is incorrect, check the local city settings and make any necessary changes.
• All operations in this section are performed in the World Time Mode, which you can enter by pressing C.

To View the Time in Another City

While the watch is in the World Time Mode, press D to scroll through city codes (time zones) to the east.

• For a complete list of city codes, see the section titled "City Code Table".

To Toggle a City Code Time Between Standard Time and Daylight Saving Time

1. In the World Time Mode, use D to display the city code (time zone) whose standard time/daylight saving time setting you want to change.
2. Press and hold A to toggle between daylight saving time (DST indicator is displayed) and standard time (DST indicator is not displayed).
   • The DST indicator will appear whenever you display a city code for which daylight saving time is in effect.
   • Note that the DST/standard time setting affects only the currently displayed city code. Other city codes are not affected.

Countdown Timer Mode

The countdown timer can be set within a range of 1 minute to 60 minutes. Each time it reaches zero, an alarm tone will sound.

• All operations in this section are performed in the Countdown Timer Mode, which you can enter by pressing C.

To Set the Countdown Start Time

1. While the countdown start time is displayed in the Countdown Timer Mode, press and hold A until the countdown start time begins to flash, indicating the adjustment screen.
   • If the countdown start time is not displayed, use the procedure in the section titled "To Use the Countdown Timer" to display it.
2. While an setting is flashing, use D (+) and B (-) to change it.
3. Press A to exit the adjustment screen.

To Use the Countdown Timer

To start the countdown timer, press D while the watch is in the Countdown Timer Mode.

• When the countdown reaches its end, the alarm sounds for 10 seconds, or until you stop it by pressing any button. The countdown time automatically resets to its initial value after the alarm is stopped.
• Press D while a countdown operation is in progress to pause it. Press D again to resume the countdown.
• To completely stop a countdown operation, first pause it (by pressing D), and then press A. This resets the countdown time to its initial value.
• Time calibration signal reception is disabled while a countdown timer operation is in progress.

Stopwatch Mode

The stopwatch allows you to measure elapsed time, split times, and two finishes.

• The stopwatch display range is 59 minutes, 59.99 seconds.
• The stopwatch continues to run, resetting from zero after it reaches its limit, until you stop it.
• Exiting the stopwatch mode while a split time is frozen on the display clears the split time and returns to elapsed time measurement.
• Stopwatch measurement operation continues even if you exit the stopwatch mode.
• All operations in this section are performed in the Stopwatch Mode, which you can enter by pressing C.

To Measure Times with the Stopwatch

• Elapsed Time: Start (D) > Stop (D) > Reset (A)
• Split Time: Start (D) > Split (D) > Split Release (A) > Stop (D) > Reset (A)
• Two Finishes: Start (D) > Split (D) [First runner's finish] > Split Release (A) [Display first runner's time] > Continue (D) > Stop (D) [Second runner's finish] > Split Release (A) [Display second runner's time] > Reset (A)

Alarm Mode

After setting (and enabling) the daily alarm, the alarm tone sounds when the alarm time is reached. You can also enable the hourly time signal, which causes the watch to beep for one second on the set hour.

• All operations in this section are performed in the Alarm Mode, which you can enter by pressing C.

To Set the Alarm Time

1. In the Alarm Mode, press and hold A until the hour setting for the alarm time begins to flash, indicating that it is on the adjustment screen.
   • This automatically enables the alarm.
2. Press C to move the flashing item between the hour and minute settings.
3. While an setting is flashing, use D (+) and B (-) to change it.
   • When setting the alarm time using the 12-hour format, be careful to set the time correctly as AM (no indicator) or PM (P indicator).
4. Press A to exit the adjustment screen.

Alarm Operation

The alarm sounds at the programmed time for 10 seconds (in all modes), or until you stop it by pressing any button.

To Test the Alarm

To sound the alarm, press and hold D in the Alarm Mode.

To Turn the Daily Alarm and Hourly Time Signal On and Off

In the Alarm Mode, press D to cycle through the following settings:

• Alarm Off / Time Signal Off
• Alarm On / Time Signal Off
• Alarm Off / Time Signal On
• Alarm On / Time Signal On

While these functions are on, the alarm indicator and the hourly time signal indicator are displayed on the display in all modes.

Normal Timekeeping

Use the Normal Timekeeping Mode to set and view the current time and date.

• When setting the time, you can also configure settings for city code, DST setting, 12/24-hour format, year, month, day, language setting, and month/day display format.
• Pressing D in the Normal Timekeeping Mode displays the last signal screen.

Current Time and Date Screen:

• Day of the week
• Month - Day
• Year
• PM Indicator
• DST Indicator
• Local Time (Hour : Minute Seconds)

Last Signal Screen:

• Reception Date
• Reception Time

Note:

• This watch can display the text for the day of the week in any of nine available languages (English, Spanish, French, Portuguese, German, Italian, Chinese, Russian, and Japanese).

Setting the Time and Date

Be sure to select your local city code before changing the current time and date settings. World Time Mode times are all displayed according to the Normal Timekeeping Mode settings. Because of this, World Time Mode times will not be correct if you do not select the appropriate local city code before setting the time and date in the Normal Timekeeping Mode.

To Set the Time and Date

1. In the Normal Timekeeping Mode, press and hold A until the city code starts to flash, indicating the adjustment screen.
2. Press C to change the flashing contents in the sequence shown below to select the other settings.
   • City Code
   • DST (Auto DST, Standard Time, Daylight Saving Time)
   • 12/24-Hour Format (12H / 24H)
   • Seconds
   • Hour
   • Minute
   • Year
   • Month
   • Day
   • Language (ENG: English, ESP: Spanish, FRA: French, POR: Portuguese, DEU: German, ITA: Italian, CHN: Chinese, RUS: Russian, JPN: Japanese)
   • Month/Day Display Format (M/D or D/M)
3. When the setting you want to change is flashing, use B and/or D to change it as shown below.
   • Display: City Code
     To do this: Change the city code.
     Perform this: Use D (East) and B (West).
   • Display: DST (Auto DST, Standard Time, Daylight Saving Time)
     To do this: Cycle through Auto DST (AUTO), Standard Time (OFF), and Daylight Saving Time (ON).
     Perform this: Press D.
   • Display: 12/24-Hour Format
     To do this: Toggle between 12-hour (12H) and 24-hour (24H) normal time.
     Perform this: Press D.
   • Display: Seconds
     To do this: Reset the seconds to 00.
     Perform this: Press D.
   • Display: Hour, Minute, or Year
     To do this: Change the hour, minute, or year.
     Perform this: Use D (+) and B (-).
   • Display: Month or Day
     To do this: Change the month or day.
     Perform this: Use D and B.
   • Display: Language
     To do this: Change the language.
     Perform this: Use D and B.
   • Display: Month/Day Display Format
     To do this: Toggle the month/day display format between month/day (M/D) and day/month (D/M).
     Perform this: Press D.
   • For a complete list of available city codes, see the section titled "City Code Table".
   • For information about the abbreviations used, see "Day of the Week List" on the back of this manual.
   • Auto DST (AUTO) can be selected only while HNL, ANC, YVR, LAX, YEA, DEN, MEX, YWG, CHI, MIA, YTO, NYC, YHZ, YYT, LIS, LON, MAD, PAR, ROM, BER, STO, ATH, MOW, HKG, BJS, TPE, SEL, or TYO is selected as the local city code. For more information, see the "Daylight Saving Time (DST)" section below.
4. Press A to exit the adjustment screen.

Daylight Saving Time (DST)

Daylight saving time advances the time setting by one hour from standard time. Remember that not all countries or even local areas use daylight saving time.

The time calibration signals transmitted from Mainflingen (Germany), Anthorn (England), or Fort Collins (United States) include both standard time and DST time data. When the Auto DST setting is turned on, the watch automatically switches between standard time and DST (daylight saving time) according to the received time signal.

Time calibration signals transmitted from Fukushima and Fukuoka/Saga (Japan) do not include daylight saving time data.

• The default DST setting is Auto DST (AUTO) whenever ANC, YVR, LAX, YEA, DEN, MEX, YWG, CHI, MIA, YTO, NYC, YHZ, YYT, LIS, LON, MAD, PAR, ROM, BER, STO, ATH, MOW, HKG, BJS, TPE, SEL, or TYO is selected as the local city code.
• If you have trouble receiving the time calibration signal in your area, it is probably best to manually switch between standard time and daylight saving time.

To Change the Daylight Saving Time (DST) Setting

1. In the Normal Timekeeping Mode, press and hold A until the city code starts to flash, indicating the adjustment screen.
2. Press C and the DST adjustment screen appears.
3. Use D to cycle through the DST settings in the sequence shown below.
   • Auto DST (AUTO)
   • DST Off (OFF)
   • DST On (ON)
4. When you select the setting you want, press A to exit the adjustment screen.
   • The DST indicator appears to indicate that daylight saving time is turned on.

Reference

This section contains technical and more detailed information about the watch's operations. It also contains precautions and important notes about the various features and functions of this watch.

Auto Display

The auto display continuously changes the contents of the digital display.

To Turn Off Auto Display

Press any button to turn off auto display. This returns you to the Normal Timekeeping Mode.

To Turn On Auto Display

While holding down B in the Normal Timekeeping Mode, press and hold D for about two seconds until the watch beeps.

Notes

• Time calibration signal reception is disabled while auto display is in progress.
• Auto display cannot be performed while an adjustment screen is displayed.

Button Operation Tone

The button operation tone sounds whenever you press any watch button. The button operation tone can be turned on or off as desired.

• Even if you turn off the button operation tone, the alarm, hourly time signal, and countdown timer mode alarm function normally.

To Turn the Button Operation Tone On and Off

In any mode (except when an adjustment screen is displayed), press and hold C to switch between turning the button operation tone ON (MUTE is not displayed) and OFF (MUTE is displayed).

• Because button C also functions as a mode change button, if you hold it down to turn the button operation tone on or off, the watch's current mode will also change.
• The MUTE indicator is displayed in all modes when the button operation tone is turned off.

Auto Return Functions

• If you leave the watch with the last signal screen displayed in the Normal Timekeeping Mode for one or two minutes without performing any operation, the watch will automatically return to the current time and date screen of the Normal Timekeeping Mode.
• If you leave the watch in the Alarm Mode for two or three minutes without performing any operation, the watch automatically returns to the Normal Timekeeping Mode.
• If you leave the watch with a flashing setting on the display for two or three minutes without performing any operation, the watch automatically exits the adjustment screen.

Scrolling

You can use buttons B and D in various modes and adjustment screens to scroll through data. In most cases, data scrolls at high speed if you hold down these buttons during a scrolling operation.

Initial Displays

When you enter the World Time Mode or Alarm Mode, the data you were viewing the last time you exited the mode will appear first.

Precautions for Atomic Radio-Controlled Normal Timekeeping

• During auto reception operation, the watch display will appear blank.
• Strong electrostatic discharge can result in incorrect time setting.
• The time calibration signal is bounced off the ionosphere. Because of this, factors such as changes in the ionosphere's reflectivity, as well as the ionosphere's movement to higher altitudes due to seasonal atmospheric changes or time of day, can change the extent of signal calibration and make reception temporarily impossible.
• Even if the time calibration signal is received properly, certain conditions can cause the time setting to be off by as much as one second.
• The current time setting according to the time calibration signal takes priority over any setting you perform.
• The watch is designed to automatically update the date and day of the week for the period from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2099. Date setting by the time calibration signal cannot be performed starting from January 1, 2100.
• This watch can receive signals that differentiate leap years from non-leap years.
• Although this watch is designed to receive time data (hour, minute, and second) and date data (year, month, and day), certain signal conditions may limit reception to time data only.
• Normally, the signal reception date displayed on the last signal screen corresponds to the date data included in the time calibration signal that was received. However, when only time data is received, the last signal screen will show the date displayed in the Normal Timekeeping Mode at the time the signal was received.
• If you are in an area where appropriate time calibration signal reception is impossible, the watch keeps time with the accuracy described in "Specifications".
• If you experience problems with appropriate time calibration signal reception or if the time setting is incorrect after signal reception, check your current city code, DST (daylight saving time), and auto reception settings. The following are the factory default initial values for these settings.

• The watch's local city code setting will automatically change to TYO (Tokyo) whenever the battery is depleted or replaced. When changing to TYO (Tokyo), the watch will receive time calibration signals from Japan. If you are using the watch in North America or Europe, you will need to change the local city code setting after replacing the battery to match your current location.

Normal Timekeeping

• Resetting the seconds to 00 while the current count is in the 30 to 59 range causes the minutes to increase by 1. In the 00 to 29 range, the seconds are reset to 00 without changing the minutes.
• The day of the week is displayed automatically according to the date settings (year, month, and day).
• The year can be set in the range of 2000 to 2099.
• The watch's built-in full auto-calendar adjusts for different month lengths and leap years. Once you set the date, you will not need to change it again unless after a watch battery change.
• Normal Timekeeping Mode times and all World Time Mode city codes are calculated according to each city's UTC offset.
• UTC offset is a value that indicates the time difference between a reference point in Greenwich, England, and the time zone where the city is located.
• UTC is the abbreviation for "Coordinated Universal Time," which is the world's scientific standard for indicating normal time. It is based on atomic (cesium) clocks that keep time with microsecond accuracy. Leap seconds are added or subtracted as required to keep UTC in sync with the Earth's rotation.

12/24-Hour Normal Time Formats

The 12/24-hour normal time format you select in the Normal Timekeeping Mode also applies in all modes.

• With the 12-hour format, the PM indicator (P) appears on the display for times from noon to 11:59 p.m., and no indicator appears for times from midnight to 11:59 a.m.
• With the 24-hour format, times are displayed in the range of 0:00 to 23:59, with no indicator.

Illumination

The watch has an EL (electro-luminescent) panel that illuminates the entire display for easy reading in the dark. In any mode (except when an adjustment screen is displayed), press B to illuminate the display for approximately three seconds.

Precautions for Illumination

• The electro-luminescent panel that provides illumination loses its illumination power after a long period of use.
• Illumination may be difficult to see when viewed under direct sunlight.
• The watch may emit an audible sound whenever the display is illuminated. This is due to the vibration of the EL panel used for illumination, and does not indicate a malfunction.
• Illumination automatically turns off whenever an alarm sounds.
• Frequent use of illumination shortens battery life.

Day of the Week List

City Code Table

Based on data as of March 2008.

The rules governing global times (GMT differential and UTC offset) and summer time are determined by each individual country.

* In December 2007, Venezuela changed its offset from -4.0 to -4.5. Note, however, that this watch displays an offset of -4.0 (the old offset) for the CCS (Caracas, Venezuela) city code.