BAFANG Farbdisplay DPC-18: Mounting and Operating Manual

3.1 Material and Operating Parameters

• High-contrast 3.2" color display
• Easy handling via external control unit
• Version: 50.4 V
• USB charging port: 5 V, 500 mA
• Display housing made of scratch- and break-resistant ABS plastic
• Screen cover made of high-strength acrylic
• Temperature range: -20°C to +60°C
• Possibility to upload software updates (UART)
• Protection class: IP65

3.2 Dimensions

Display:

Diagram shows display dimensions: Width 96 mm, Height 62 mm, Depth 20 mm. It also indicates compatibility with 31.8 mm handlebars.

Control Unit:

Diagram shows control unit dimensions: Width 42 mm, Height 23 mm, Depth 40 mm. It also indicates compatibility with 22.2 mm handlebars.

3.3 Identification

Information about the display can be found on the back of the display:

• DP C18.U 2.2: Model designation of the BAFANG display.
• 605P1S9040260: 605: Cable length and connector system (e.g., 230 mm M5.2); P1: Design number; S904: Encrypted production date; 0260: Serial number.

A tag on the display cable contains further information:

• DPC18P10303. 1: Software version.
• PD2026050505: Parameter codes.
• DP C18.U 2.2: Model designation and hardware version number.
• 605P1S9040260: Cable length and connector system, design number, encrypted production date, and serial number.

4.1 Displayable Values During Riding

The display can provide information during riding about:

• Battery charge level (bar graph)
• Battery voltage
• Active support level
• Current speed (MPH or Km/h)
• Trip meter (TRIP)
• Total distance (ODO)
• Maximum speed (MAX)
• Average speed (AVG)
• On-time (TIME)
• Current speed via circle diagram
• Current/Power via circle diagram
• Watt or Ampere reading
• Walk assist
• Clock
• Display illumination
• Error codes
• Speed unit
• Distance unit
• USB port status (on/off)

Typical Display Layout:

Diagram illustrates the display layout: Clock, Speed unit, Battery voltage, Support level, Speed (e.g., 28.6 Km/h), Trip meter, Circle diagram for current speed, Circle diagram for power/current, Speed unit, Distance unit (e.g., TRIP).

4.2 Control Unit

The display is equipped with a separate control unit featuring 5 buttons:

• UP button: Increases values or support level.
• DOWN button: Decreases values or support level.
• i button: Confirms selections, navigates menus.
• LIGHT button: Controls the bicycle light.
• POWER button: Turns the display on/off.

4.3 Quick Start: Adjustable Values

This section lists adjustable display parameters and how to change them:

General Navigation:

1. Press and hold the POWER button to turn on the display.
2. Press the 'i' button twice within 0.5 seconds to enter the SETTING menu.
3. Select 'Display Setting' (highlighted in green).
4. Press 'i' to enter 'Display Setting'.
5. Use UP/DOWN to navigate through parameters and 'i' to change the selected parameter's value.
6. Use UP/DOWN to adjust the value and 'i' to confirm.
7. Press 'i' to return to the parameter list.
8. Use DOWN to select the next parameter.
9. To exit, navigate to 'BACK' and press 'i', then navigate to 'EXIT' and press 'i'. Changes are saved.

Available Display Parameters:

• Unit: Measurement units (British/Metric).
• Brightness: Display illumination level (10%, 30%, 50%, 75%, 100%).
• Auto Off: Automatic display shutdown time (1 min, 2 min, 9 min, OFF).
• MAX PAS: Number of support levels (3, 5, 9, plus 0 for no motor support).
• Power View: Display for power/current (Watt or Ampere).
• SOC View: Battery charge display (Voltage or Percent); Voltage is recommended.
• TRIP Reset: Reset trip meter (No/Yes).
• Wheel: Wheel diameter (e.g., 26 Inch, 34 Inch).
• Speed Limit: Maximum assisted speed (e.g., 32 Km/h, 90 Km/h).
• AL Sensitivity: Sensitivity for automatic light switching and activation (1-5 or OFF).
• Password: Enable/disable startup password.
• Set Clock: Set the current time.

Note: Settings can only be changed when the bicycle is stationary.

6.1 Switching on the Display

To enter the initial settings, you must first switch on the display:

1. Switch on the power supply (battery).
2. Press and hold the POWER button for approximately 2 seconds until the display turns on.

After switching on, navigate to the 'Setting' menu (see 6.2).

6.2 SETTING Menu Area

Individual settings are made in the "SETTING" menu, which is divided as follows:

• Display Setting (Section 6.3): For adjusting system parameters.
• Information (Section 6.4): Contains 'Battery Info' and 'Error Code'. 'Battery Info' is not detailed here as it's not populated with useful data. 'Error Codes' provides information on system errors.
• EXIT: Exits the menu.

6.3 Parameters in Display Setting Menu: Access and Modification

Here you set the parameters the display uses during riding. You can access and adjust the following parameters sequentially:

Unit → Brightness → Auto Off → MAX PAS → Power View → SOC View → TRIP Reset → Wheel → Speed Limit → AL Sensitivity → Password → Set Clock

General Navigation within Display Setting:

1. To access 'Display Setting', press the 'i' button twice within 0.5 seconds when the display is on.
2. The 'SETTING' overview appears. Select 'Display Setting' (highlighted).
3. Press 'i' to enter 'Display Setting'. The parameter list appears, with 'Unit' selected.
4. Use UP/DOWN to navigate between parameters. The selected parameter is highlighted in blue.
5. Use UP/DOWN to change the selected parameter's value. The current value is shown in red.
6. Press 'i' to confirm the change and return to the parameter list.
7. To exit, navigate to 'BACK', press 'i', then navigate to 'EXIT' and press 'i'. Changes are saved.

6.3.1 Unit: Speed and Distance Units

This setting affects the units for distance (mile/Km) and speed (MPH/Km/h).

The default setting is "Imperial". For German-speaking regions, the "Metric" system is typically used.

To change the unit:

1. Navigate to 'Unit' in the 'Display Setting' menu.
2. Press 'i' to select 'Unit'.
3. Use UP/DOWN to switch between 'Imperial' and 'Metric'.
4. Press 'i' to confirm your selection.
5. To proceed to the next setting, use DOWN.

6.3.2 Brightness: Display Illumination

Adjusts the display's brightness.

To adjust brightness:

1. Navigate to 'Brightness' in the 'Display Setting' menu.
2. Press 'i' to select 'Brightness'.
3. Use UP/DOWN to choose from 10%, 30%, 50%, 75%, or 100%.
4. Press 'i' to confirm.
5. Use DOWN to proceed to the next setting.

6.3.3 Auto Off: Automatic Shutdown

Sets the time after which the display automatically switches off due to inactivity.

To set Auto Off:

1. Navigate to 'Auto Off'.
2. Press 'i' to select.
3. Use UP/DOWN to choose from 1 min, 2 min, 9 min, or OFF. The default is "5Min".
4. Press 'i' to confirm.
5. Use DOWN to proceed.

Tip: Setting 'OFF' can be useful for charging USB devices during longer breaks. It also helps charge the small internal display battery, which keeps the clock accurate.

6.3.4 MAX PAS: Number of Support Levels

Sets the number of motor support levels.

To set MAX PAS:

1. Navigate to 'MAX PAS'.
2. Press 'i' to select.
3. Use UP/DOWN to choose from 3, 5, or 9 levels. Level '0' is always available for no motor support but still displays data and allows walk assist. The default is "5".
4. Press 'i' to confirm.
5. Use DOWN to proceed.

6.3.5 Power View: Power or Current Display

Chooses the unit for the graphical display in the right circle diagram.

To set Power View:

1. Navigate to 'Power View'.
2. Press 'i' to select.
3. Use UP/DOWN to choose between 'Power' (Watt) and 'Current' (Ampere). The default is "Power".
4. Press 'i' to confirm.
5. Use DOWN to proceed.

6.3.6 SOC View: Battery Charge Level Indicator

Selects how the battery charge is displayed: as voltage ('Voltage') or as a percentage ('Percent').

To set SOC View:

1. Navigate to 'SOC View'.
2. Press 'i' to select.
3. Use UP/DOWN to choose between 'Voltage' and 'Percent'. The default is "Percent".

Tip: Accurate percentage display requires complex communication with the Battery Management System (BMS), which is not fully implemented. 'Voltage' is recommended for a more reliable indication of battery status.

1. Press 'i' to confirm.
2. Use DOWN to proceed.

6.3.7 TRIP Reset: Reset MAX, AVG, and TRIP to "0"

Allows resetting the maximum speed, average speed, and trip meter to zero.

These values are not automatically reset when the display or battery is turned off.

To set TRIP Reset:

1. Navigate to 'TRIP Reset'.
2. Press 'i' to select.
3. Use UP/DOWN to choose between 'NO' (default) and 'YES!' to reset the values.
4. Press 'i' to confirm.

If 'YES!' is selected, the display will show "Cleared." after confirmation, indicating the reset was successful.

Use DOWN to proceed to the next setting.

6.3.8 Wheel: Wheel Size

Enters your bicycle's wheel size for accurate speed and distance readings.

To set Wheel size:

1. Navigate to 'Wheel'.
2. Press 'i' to select.
3. Use UP/DOWN to choose the correct wheel diameter (e.g., 06Inch to 34Inch). The default is "26Inch".
4. Press 'i' to confirm.
5. Use DOWN to proceed.

6.3.9 Speed Limit: Maximum Speed with Motor Support

Sets the maximum speed for motor assistance.

To set Speed Limit:

1. Navigate to 'Speed Limit'.
2. Press 'i' to select.
3. Use UP/DOWN to set the speed limit (e.g., 12 Km/h to 90 Km/h or 12 mph to 60 mph). The default is "32Km/h" (20 mph).

Tip: Exceeding the set speed limit will cut off motor support. The system will re-engage support once the speed drops below the limit. The actual maximum speed depends on factors like battery voltage and system load.

1. Press 'i' to confirm.
2. Use DOWN to proceed.

6.3.10 AL Sensitivity: Sensitivity for Automatic Day/Night Switching

Adjusts the sensitivity for automatic switching between day and night modes, and for controlling the connected bicycle light.

To set AL Sensitivity:

1. Navigate to 'AL Sensitivity'.
2. Press 'i' to select.
3. Use UP/DOWN to choose from 1 (lowest sensitivity) to 5 (highest sensitivity), or OFF (manual light control only). The default is "5".
4. Press 'i' to confirm.
5. Use DOWN to proceed.

Tip: If automatic light activation is too late, manually turn on the light using the LIGHT button.

6.3.11 Password: Startup Protection Password

Allows setting a four-digit password required upon startup. Without the correct password, motor support is disabled.

To set Password:

1. Navigate to 'Password'.
2. Press 'i' to select.
3. Use UP/DOWN to toggle between 'OFF' (default) and 'ON'.
4. If 'ON' is selected, press 'i' to enter the password.
5. Use UP/DOWN to set each digit, pressing 'i' to move to the next digit.
6. After entering the four digits, press 'i' to confirm.
7. You will be prompted to confirm the password. Enter it again and press 'i'.
8. A "Password Set Successfully!" message will appear.

Tip: If you enter two different passwords, you will receive an "Input Mismatch! Please Try Again." message.

To disable the password later, select 'Start PassWord' → 'OFF' and confirm.

6.3.12 Set Clock: Time

Sets the current time displayed on the display.

To set the clock:

1. Navigate to 'Set Clock'.
2. Press 'i' to select.
3. The display shows the current time. The first digit is highlighted for editing.
4. Use UP/DOWN to set each digit, pressing 'i' after each digit to move to the next.
5. After setting all four digits, press 'i' to confirm.

The display will return to the normal riding mode, showing the current time in the top left corner.

Tip: The display has a small internal battery for clock functions only. This battery is recharged during operation. If the battery is depleted, the clock will not be accurate. This is normal and not a malfunction.

After completing all settings, you can exit the menu by navigating to 'BACK' and then 'EXIT'.

7.1 Switching Display On/Off

To switch on:

1. Switch on the power supply (battery).
2. Press and hold the POWER button for about 2 seconds until the display turns on.

To switch off:

1. Press and hold the POWER button for about 2 seconds until the display turns off.
2. Switch off the power supply (battery).

The system consumes virtually no power when off. It is recommended to switch off the battery when not in use. The display will automatically turn off after approximately 5 minutes of inactivity (default setting).

7.2 Selecting Support Level

The system has 5 motor support levels (1-5). Level 0 provides no motor support but still displays data and allows walk assist.

To select support level:

1. Press UP to increase the support level by one.
2. Press DOWN to decrease the support level by one.

Tip: On steep inclines, use only moderate support levels to avoid overloading the system.

7.3 Display of Various Speed, Distance, Power, Current, and Time Data

To view different data:

1. Ensure the display is on.
2. The current speed is shown numerically (Km/h or MPH) and visually via a green circle diagram.
3. The right side of the display shows either current input power (Watt) or battery current (Ampere) via a green circle diagram, depending on the 'Power View' setting.
4. Press the 'i' button to cycle through different data displays:
• TRIP (current ride distance)
• ODO (total distance)
• MAX (maximum speed for the current ride)
• AVG (average speed for the current ride)
• RANGE (estimated remaining range)
• CALORIES (estimated calorie consumption - usually displays 0)
• TIME (total operating time since last power-on)

Tip for RANGE: The displayed range is not very accurate as it depends on many factors not known to the system (e.g., terrain, rider weight, battery capacity). It is recommended to use the 'Voltage' display for SOC View instead of 'Percent' for a better estimate.

7.4 Walk Assist

The display features a walk assist function.

To activate walk assist:

1. Ensure the display is on.
2. Press and hold the DOWN button. The system will accelerate the bike slightly without pedaling. Releasing DOWN stops the assist.

An icon of a person pushing a bicycle will appear on the display when walk assist is active.

Tip: Walk assist is also active in support level 0.

7.5 Switching Between Day/Night Mode; Switching Bicycle Light On/Off

The display has a light sensor. It automatically switches between day and night modes based on ambient light. In night mode, it can control a connected 6V bicycle light.

Night mode is indicated by a headlight symbol on the display.

The sensitivity for automatic light switching can be configured in the 'AL Sensitivity' setting (Section 6.3.10).

To manually switch between day and night mode:

1. Ensure the display is on.
2. Press and hold the LIGHT button for about 1 second. This switches to night mode and turns on the light if connected.
3. Press and hold the LIGHT button again to switch back to day mode and turn off the light.

Note: Switching to night mode does not make the screen brighter; it provides a more comfortable viewing experience in the dark.

Tip: If manual switching has been performed, the automatic light sensor will not engage. To re-enable automatic mode, switch the display off and then on again.

7.6 Battery Charge Level Indicator

The display shows the battery charge level via a bar graph in the top right corner.

The bars indicate the battery status: Full battery → Battery level decreasing → Battery nearly empty → Battery empty.

For 14s Lithium-Ion batteries (e.g., 50.4V nominal): All bars visible mean a full battery. Bars disappear as voltage drops. Small orange bars indicate a low battery, and a single red bar means the battery is critically low and the motor will soon shut off to prevent damage. Charge the battery immediately.

Tip: It is recommended to display battery voltage ('Voltage' in SOC View) rather than percentage for a more reliable indication of remaining capacity, as percentage display is often inaccurate due to limited BMS communication.

The bar display can vary slightly depending on load.

7.7 USB Charging Port

A USB charging port is located on the front of the display, facing the rider. It can power small devices with 5.0V and a maximum current of 0.5A.

To use the USB port:

1. Carefully pull out the rubber cover from the USB port. Do not tear it off.
2. Connect the USB cable to your device and the display.
3. Switch on the device to be charged.
4. If the display is not already on, switch it on (Section 7.1). An active USB port is indicated by a USB symbol on the display.
5. After charging, carefully remove the USB cable from the display port. The USB symbol will disappear.
6. Close the USB port with the rubber cover to protect it from dirt and moisture.

Tip: To power a device during extended riding breaks, you may need to extend or disable the automatic display shutdown (Section 6.3.3).

8.1 Error Message

The display shows electronic faults with an error code, symbol, and description.

Diagram shows an example error message: "Error Code: 21 Fault with speed detecting sensor".

The system cannot be used until the fault is resolved. If you cannot fix the error yourself, contact customer service. Do not attempt to open or tamper with the conversion kit or its components.

8.2 Error Codes

Here are the most important error codes and their possible solutions:

Important: Always disconnect the drive battery before disconnecting or connecting other system components.

• Error 04: Throttle Position Not in Idle Position
• Check if the throttle is in the idle position. If not, move it to idle.
• If the error persists, disconnect the throttle from the wiring harness to continue riding.
• Error 05: General Throttle Error
• Is the throttle connector fully plugged into the wiring harness?
• Are the throttle connector pins bent, broken, or corroded?
• Inspect the throttle and its cable/connector for visible damage.
• If the error disappears when disconnecting the throttle, the throttle is likely defective.
• If the error cannot be found or resolved, disconnect the throttle to continue riding.
• Error 07: Overvoltage Error
• Check your drive battery specifications. Use 14s Lithium-Ion drive batteries for the BAFANG BBSHD system (14s corresponds to a nominal voltage of 50.4 V).
• Error 08: Hall Sensor Signal Error
• Have the motor unit checked by Electric Bike Solutions GmbH (EBS) for errors in the Hall sensor signal or Hall sensors.
• Error 09: Motor Phase Error
• Have the motor unit checked by EBS for errors in the motor cable or winding.
• Error 10: Motor Temperature Error
• If the motor temperature is too high, the system will shut down. Turn off the system, wait for it to cool down, and then try again. If the error persists or recurs quickly, have the motor checked by EBS.
• Error 11: Controller Temperature Sensor Error
• Turn off the system, wait for it to cool down, and try again. If the error persists or recurs quickly, have the motor and controller checked by EBS.
• Error 12: Motor Internal Current Measurement Error
• Have the motor and controller checked by EBS.
• Error 13: Battery Temperature Error
• Not relevant, as there is no communication between the drive battery (BMS) and the motor unit.
• Error 21: Speed Sensor Error
• Are the speed sensor and spoke magnet correctly mounted? Is the sensor's position and distance to the magnet correct? Is the sensor cable securely connected? Are the sensor cable or sensor itself damaged?
• If the error cannot be resolved, have the complete motor, controller, and speed sensor checked by EBS.
• Error 22: Battery Management System (BMS) Error
• Not relevant, as there is no communication between the drive battery (BMS) and the motor unit.
• Error 30: Communication Error
• Disconnect all electrical connections. Check cables, connectors, and sockets for damage (kinks, crushing). Clean contacts for corrosion and reconnect. Ensure connectors are seated firmly and pins are not bent.
• If the error persists or recurs quickly, have the entire system (motor, controller, display, wiring harness, throttle, speed sensor) checked by EBS.

Why won't the display turn on?

• Check if all cable connections are seated properly and have good electrical contact (check for moisture, corrosion).
• Is the battery actually switched on?
• Check the battery's main fuse.

Why does my display turn off immediately after switching on?

• Your battery is likely empty, switched off, or the plug is not connected.
• Check the connection and switch on the battery.
• If the battery is empty or has very low charge, charge it.

Why is the speed not displayed correctly or not at all?

• The spoke magnet might be twisted or not positioned correctly. There is a round elevation with a cross near the end of the speed sensor (near the red LED). Position the magnet so it passes this cross at a distance of 2-3 mm with each wheel revolution.
• Check the speed and distance unit settings (Unit) and wheel size (Wheel) in the display and correct them if necessary.

Why does the motor get slower as my battery gets emptier?

This is normal. As the battery discharges, its voltage drops, reducing motor speed. The motor runs faster with a full battery than with a nearly empty one.

My motor is cutting out or running irregularly. What could be the cause?

• The battery might be nearly empty. Check the battery charge level and charge it if necessary.

My motor briefly cuts out. What could be the cause?

• Your battery is likely nearly empty. Check the battery charge level and charge it if necessary.
• You are exceeding the maximum speed limit set in the display. Motor support will be deactivated. Once your speed drops below the set limit, motor support will re-engage.