Instruction Manual for HIOKI models including: Clamp on Power HiTESTER

Hioki 3169 Manual

Hioki 3169 Manual - Test Equipment Depot

This manual contains information and warnings essential for safe operation of the product and for maintaining it in safe operating condition. Before using the product, be sure to carefully read the following safety notes. Safety Symbols This product is designed to comply with IEC 61010 Safety

3169-20. 3169-21. Instruction Manual. CLAMP ON. EN. Jan. 2019 Revised edition 11. 3169A981-11 19-01H. POWER HiTESTER. 3169-20. ·3169-21. ClLAMP.

Instruction Manual. CLAMP ON. EN. Jan. 2019 Revised edition 11. 3169A981-11 19-01H. POWER HiTESTER. 3169-20. ·3169-21. ClLAMP. ON POWER HiTESTER.


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3169 manual
3169-20

3169-21

Instruction Manual
99 Washington Street Melrose, MA 02176 Phone 781-665-1400 Toll Free 1-800-517-8431

CLAMP ON

Visit us at www.TestEquipmentDepot.com

POWER HiTESTER

Jan. 2019 Revised edition 11 3169A981-11 19-01H

EN

i
Contents

Contents

1

Introduction .................................................................. 1 Standard Accessories and Options .............................. 1

12

Safety Notes ................................................................ 4

Usage Notes ................................................................ 7

23

1 Overview

13

1.1 Product Overview ............................................. 13

34

1.2 Features ........................................................... 14

2 Parts Names

17

45

2.1 Instrument Labels and Functions ..................... 18

56

2.2 Screen Names and Display Elements .............. 22
2.2.1 Screen Configuration .........................................22 2.2.2 Common Display ...............................................23

67

2.2.3 On-Screen Indicators .........................................24

3 Measurement Preparations

25

78

3.1 Banding the L9438-53 Voltage Cord ................ 25

89

3.2 Pre-Operation Inspection ................................. 26

3.3 Connection Procedure ...................................... 27 3.4 Connecting the Power Cord ............................. 28

910

3.5 Connecting the Voltage Cords ......................... 29 3.6 Using a Clamp-On Sensor (Option) ................. 32

1101

3.6.1 Clamp-On Sensor Specifications .......................32

3.6.2 Connecting a Clamp-on Sensor ........................34
3.7 Turning the Power On/Off ................................ 36

1112

4 Connecting to Lines to be Measured

37

A1PP3X

4.1 Connection Procedure ...................................... 37

I1D4X

3169A981-11

ii
Contents

4.2 Connection Methods ........................................ 38
4.2.1 Displaying the Wiring Diagram ..........................38 4.2.2 Basic Wiring for Single-Circuit Measurement ....41 4.2.3 Wiring for Multiple-Circuit Measurement ...........47 4.2.4 Connection to a Line to Be Measured ...............50 4.2.5 Checking the Wiring ..........................................52
4.3 Measurement Range ........................................ 56

5 Setting Procedure

59

5.1 Setting Screen .................................................. 59
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT) ........................................... 60
5.2.1 Setting the Wiring Method .................................61 5.2.2 Setting the Synchronization Method ..................63 5.2.3 Setting the Reactive-Power-Meter Method ........64 5.2.4 Setting the Display Average Times ...................66 5.2.5 Setting the Voltage Range ................................67 5.2.6 Setting the VT Ratio (PT Ratio) .........................68 5.2.7 Setting the Current Range .................................69 5.2.8 Setting the CT Ratio ..........................................70 5.2.9 Setting the Clamp-On Sensor ............................71
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT) .............................................. 72
5.3.1 Setting the Time-Series Measurement Start Method ..............................................................73
5.3.2 Setting Time-Series Measurement Stop Method 75
5.3.3 Setting Interval ..................................................78 5.3.4 Setting Medium for Saving Data ........................79 5.3.5 Setting the Data File Name ...............................80 5.3.6 Setting Device to Be Connected to the RS-232C
81 5.3.7 Setting the Medium to which the Screen is to be
Copied ...............................................................82
5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS) ..................................... 83

iii
Contents

5.4.1 Checking the number of output data items and

Storable Time ....................................................83

1

5.4.2 Setting Normal Measurement-Data Output Items

...........................................................................84 5.4.3 Setting Integrated power and Demand

12

Measurement-data Output Items .......................85

5.4.4 Setting Harmonic Measurement-data Output Items 86

23

5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen .............. 89

5.5.1 Setting the THD Calculation Method .................90 5.5.2 Setting the Harmonic Order for Display .............91

34

5.5.3 Setting the RS-232C ..........................................92

5.5.4 Setting the LCD Backlight ..................................93 5.5.5 Setting the Beep Sound ....................................94

45

5.5.6 Setting the ID No. ..............................................95

5.5.7 Setting the Clock ...............................................96 5.5.8 Setting the Language ........................................97

56

5.5.9 Displaying the Serial No. and Version ...............98

6 Measurement Method

99

67

6.1 Measuring the Voltage, Current, and Power

78

(Instantaneous Values) .................................... 99

6.2 Measuring the Power of Each Phase (Instantaneous values) ................................... 101

89

6.3 Displaying a Waveform .................................. 102

6.4 Measuring the Average, Maximum, and Minimum Values ............................................................ 104

910

6.4.1 Displaying the Voltage, Current, and Power (Average, Maximum, and Minimum Values) ....105

1101

6.4.2 Displaying the Average, Maximum, and Minimum

Power Measurements of Each Phase .............106
6.5 Measuring Integrated power ........................... 107

1112

6.6 Performing Demand Measurement ................ 108

6.7 Measuring Harmonic ...................................... 109
6.7.1 Displaying a Harmonic List ..............................109

A1PP3X

6.7.2 Displaying a Harmonic Graph ..........................112

I1D4X

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Contents

6.8 Displaying on a Zoom Screen ........................ 117 6.9 Holding Displayed Measurement Data ........... 118

7 Loading and Saving Settings and Measured

Data

119

7.1 Types of Files ................................................. 119 7.2 Using a PC Card ............................................ 121
7.2.1 Selecting a PC Card ........................................121 7.2.2 Inserting and Removing the PC Card ..............122
7.3 File Operation ................................................. 123
7.3.1 Initializing (Formatting) the Internal Memory ...124 7.3.2 Initializing (Formatting) the PC Card ...............125 7.3.3 Saving a Setting File ........................................126 7.3.4 Loading a Setting File ......................................128 7.3.5 Deleting a File ..................................................130 7.3.6 Copying a File in the Internal Memory to a PC Card
132
7.4 Saving Measurement Data ............................. 133
7.4.1 Automatic Storage of Measurement Data .......133 7.4.2 Saving Measurement Data Manually ...............137
7.5 Copying Screen .............................................. 139

8 Using a Printer

141

8.1 Connecting the Printer .................................... 142 8.2 Setting the Printer ........................................... 144
8.2.1 Setting the Device to Be Connected to the RS-232C ..........................................................144
8.2.2 Setting the RS-232C ........................................145
8.3 Automatic Output of Measurement Data to the Printer ............................................................. 146
8.4 Copying a Screen to the Printer ..................... 148
9 Using the Instrument with a Computer 149

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Contents

9.1 RS-232C Connection ..................................... 150

9.2 Setting the RS-232C ...................................... 152

1

10 Using the External Input/Output Terminal 155

12

10.1 Connecting the External Input/Output Terminal 155

23

10.2 Functions of the External Input/Output Terminal

156 10.3 Controlling Multiple Units of the 3169-20/21 .. 159

34

11 Using D/A Output (3169-21 only)

161

45

11.1 Connecting the D/A Output Terminal ............. 161

11.2 Setting D/A Output ......................................... 163

56

11.2.1 Setting D/A Output Items .................................163

11.2.2 Setting the Integrated Power Output Rate .......165
11.3 Response of Output ....................................... 166

67

11.4 Output Waveform ........................................... 168

12 Operations in the Event of Power Outage 173

78

13 Specifications

175

89

13.1 General Specification ..................................... 175

910

13.2 Formulae ........................................................ 184

13.3 Range Configuration and Accuracy by Clamp-On -Sensor ........................................................... 188

1101

14 Maintenance and Service

193

1112

14.1 Cleaning and Storage ..................................... 193

14.2 Repair and Servicing ...................................... 194

A1PP3X

14.3 Error Messages .............................................. 196

I1D4X

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Contents

14.4 System Reset ................................................. 199 14.5 Instrument Disposal ........................................ 200

Appendix

203

Power Measurement by the 2 Power-Meter Method and U3/I3 Measurement Theory (3P3W2M mode) ......... 203 Headers of Output Data ........................................... 205 Harmonic Phase Angles .......................................... 209 Output Data .............................................................. 211

Index

i

1
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the HIOKI 3169-20/21 CLAMP ON POWER HiTESTER. To obtain maximum performance from the product, please read this manual first, and keep it handy for future reference.
· Refer to the Quick Start Manual provided with this device. · For current input with this device, a clamp-on sensor (optional) is
required. For details, refer to the instruction manual for the clamp-on sensor you are using.
Standard Accessories and Options
Checking the contents of the package
When you receive the product, inspect it carefully to ensure that no damage occurred during shipping. In particular, check the accessories, panel switches, and connectors. If damage is evident, or if it fails to operate according to the specifications, contact your dealer or Hioki representative.

3169-20/21 CLAMP ON POWER HiTESTER

Quick Start Manual

Instruction Manual

· RS-232C Instruction Manual
· CSV Conversion Software (CD-R)

Power Cord

Input Cord Label Refer to 3.6.2 "Connecting a
Clamp-on Sensor" (page 34)

L9438-53 Voltage Cord 1set (4 cords)

Alligator Clip

4 clips

( red, yellow, blue, and black /1 each)

9441 CONNECTION CABLE

Test Leads

4 cords

(for D/A output, 3169-21 only)

( red, yellow, blue, and black /1 each)

Refer to 11 "Using D/A Output

Spiral Tube

5 pieces

(3169-21 only)" (page 161)

(for banding the cords)

Refer to 3.1 "Banding the L9438-53 Voltage Cord" (page 25)

2

Options
Clamps

Voltage output type: · 9660 CLAMP ON SENSOR (100 A rms rating) · 9661 CLAMP ON SENSOR (500 A rms rating)
· 9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR (5000 A rms rating) · CT9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR (5000 A rms rating) · 9669 CLAMP ON SENSOR (1000 A rms rating) · 9694 CLAMP ON SENSOR (5 Arms rating) · 9695-02 CLAMP ON SENSOR (50 Arms rating) · 9695-03 CLAMP ON SENSOR (100 Arms rating) · 9219 CONNECTION CABLE (for 9695-02/03) · 9290-10 CLAMP ON ADAPTER
(continuous 1000 A, up to 1500 A, CT ratio 10:1)

Interface · 9440 CONNECTION CABLE (for external input/output terminal) · 9441 CONNECTION CABLE (for D/A output, 3169-21 only) · 9612 RS-232C CABLE (for PC)

Printers

· 9442 PRINTER (with 1 roll of thermally sensitized paper supplied, with battery pack)
· 9443-01 AC ADAPTER (for printers) for Japan
· 9443-02 AC ADAPTER (for printers) for EU · 1196 RECORDING PAPER (25 m, 10 rolls)

Transport · 9720-01 CARRYING CASE (The voltage cords and clamp-on case sensor are also housed in the case.) (9720 CARRYING CASE)

Other peripherals

· 9626 PC Card 32 MB (32 MB compact Flash card + adapter) · 9627 PC Card 64 MB (64 MB compact Flash card + adapter) · 9726 PC Card 128 MB (128 MB compact Flash card + adapter)
· 9727 PC Card 256 MB (256 MB compact Flash card + adapter) · 9728 PC Card 512 MB (512 MB compact Flash card + adapter) · 9804-01 Magnet Adapter (one red, for changing the voltage cord
tips, the diameter of the tip is 11 mm) · 9804-02 Magnet Adapter (one black, for changing the voltage
cord tips, the diameter of the tip is 11 mm)

Software · SF1001 POWER LOGGER VIEWER (PC application software) · 9625 POWER MEASUREMENT SUPPORT SOFTWARE (PC application software)

3
Before using the 3169-20/21
· Before using the product the first time, verify that it operates normally to ensure that the no damage occurred during storage or shipping. If you find any damage, contact your dealer or Hioki representative.
· Before using the product, make sure that the insulation on the L9438-53 Voltage Cord is undamaged and that no bare conductors are improperly exposed. Using the product in such conditions could cause an electric shock, so contact your dealer or Hioki representative for repair.
Shipping precautions
Use the original packing materials when reshipping the product, if possible.

4

Safety Notes
This manual contains information and warnings essential for safe operation of the product and for maintaining it in safe operating condition. Before using the product, be sure to carefully read the following safety notes.

This product is designed to comply with IEC 61010 Safety Standards, and has been thoroughly tested for safety prior to shipment. However, mishandling during use could result in injury or death, as well as damage to the product. Using the product in a way not described in this manual may negate the provided safety features. Be certain that you understand the instructions and precautions in the manual before use. We disclaim any responsibility for accidents or injuries not resulting directly from product defects.

Safety Symbols

In the manual, the

symbol indicates particularly

important information that the user should read before

using the product.

The symbol printed on the product indicates that the user should refer to a corresponding topic in the manual

(marked with the function.

symbol) before using the relevant

Indicates AC (Alternating Current).

Indicates the ON side of the power switch.

Indicates the OFF side of the power switch.

5
The following symbols in this manual indicate the relative importance of cautions and warnings.
Indicates that incorrect operation presents an extreme hazard that could result in serious injury or death to the user. Indicates that incorrect operation presents a significant hazard that could result in serious injury or death to the user. Indicates that incorrect operation presents a possibility of injury to the user or damage to the product. Advisory items related to performance or correct operation of the product.

Other Symbols
 *

Indicates the prohibited action.
Indicates the reference.
Indicates quick references for operation and remedies for troubleshooting.
Indicates terminology explained at the bottom of the page.

Accuracy

We define measurement tolerances in terms of f.s. (full scale), rdg. (reading) and dgt. (digit) values, with the following meanings:

f.s. (maximum display value or scale length) The maximum displayable value or the full length of the scale. This is usually the maximum value of the currently selected range.

rdg. (reading or displayed value) The value currently being measured and indicated on the measuring product.

dgt. (resolution) The smallest displayable unit on a digital measuring product, i.e., the input value that causes the digital display to show a "1".

6

Measurement categories
This product complies with CAT III safety requirements. To ensure safe operation of measurement product, IEC 61010 establishes safety standards for various electrical environments, categorized as CAT II to CAT IV, and called measurement categories.

CAT II

Primary electrical circuits in equipment connected to an AC electrical outlet by a power cord (portable tools, household appliances, etc.) CAT II covers directly measuring electrical outlet receptacles.

CAT III Primary electrical circuits of heavy equipment (fixed installations) connected directly to the distribution panel, and feeders from the distribution panel to outlets.

CAT IV The circuit from the service drop to the service entrance, and to the power meter and primary overcurrent protection device (distribution panel).

Using a measurement product in an environment designated with a higher-numbered category than that for which the product is rated
could result in a severe accident, and must be carefully avoided. Use of a measurement instrument that is not CAT-rated in CAT II to CAT IV measurement applications could result in a severe acci-
dent, and must be carefully avoided.

7
Usage Notes
Follow these precautions to ensure safe operation and to obtain the full benefits of the various functions.

Do not get wet.

To avoid electric shock
· Do not allow the product to get wet, and do not use it when your hands are wet.

· When measuring live lines, wear appropriate protective

gear, such as insulated rubber gloves, boots and a safety

Do not touch with bare hands.

helmet.

· Before turning the product on, make sure the source volt-

age matches that indicated on the product's power connec-

tor. Connection to an improper supply voltage may damage

the product and present an electrical hazard.

Check the voltage. AC 100 V to 240 V

· To avoid electrical accidents and to maintain the safety specifications of this product, connect the power cord only to a 3-contact (two-conductor + ground) outlet.

· Do not use the product where it may be exposed to corrosive or combustible gases. The product may be damaged or cause an explosion.

8
Setting up the 3169-20/21

Avoid the following:

· This product is designed for indoor use, and operates reliably from 0°C to 40°C.

· Do not store or use the product where it could be exposed to

direct sunlight, high temperature or humidity, or condensation.

Direct High temper- Under such conditions, the product may be damaged and insu-

sunlight ature

lation may deteriorate so that it no longer meets specifications.

High humidity · This product is not designed to be entirely water- or dust-proof.

To avoid damage, do not use it in a wet or dusty environment. Dust · Do not use the product near a device that generates a strong

Electomagnetic radiation

electromagnetic field or electrostatic charge, as these may cause erroneous measurements.

Corrosive or explosive gases

This product may cause interference if used in residential areas. Such use must be avoided unless the user takes special measures to reduce electromagnetic emissions to prevent interfer-
ence to the reception of radio and television broadcasts.

Handling this device

· To avoid damage to the product, protect it from vibration or shock during transport and handling, and be especially careful to avoid dropping.
· Be careful to avoid dropping the clamps or otherwise subjecting them to mechanical shock, which could damage the mating surfaces of the core and adversely affect measurement.

9
Using the clamp-on sensors and voltage cords
Connect the clamp-on sensors or voltage cords to the instrument first, and then to the active lines to be measured. Observe the following to avoid electric shock and short circuits. · To avoid short circuits and potentially life-threatening haz-
ards, never attach the clamp to a circuit that operates at more than the maximum rated voltage to earth (9660: 300 VAC, 9661: 600 VAC, 9667/CT9667: 1000 VAC, 9669: 600 VAC, 9694: 300 VAC, 9695-02/03: 300 VAC), or over bare conductors. · Clamp sensor and voltage cord should only be connected to the secondary side of a breaker, so the breaker can prevent an accident if a short circuit occurs. Connections should never be made to the primary side of a breaker, because unrestricted current flow could cause a serious accident if a short circuit occurs. · Do not allow the voltage cord clips to touch two wires at the same time. Never touch the edge of the metal clips. · Use only the supplied L9438-53 Voltage Cord to connect the product input terminals to the circuit to be tested. · To prevent an electric shock accident, confirm that the white or red portion (insulation layer) inside the cable of voltage cord is not exposed. If a color inside the cable is exposed, do not use the cable. · When the clamp sensor is opened, do not allow the metal part of the clamp to touch any exposed metal or to short across two lines, and do not use over bare conductors. · The current input terminals of the 3169-20/21 are not insulated. To avoid the risk of electric shock, only use the specified optional clamp-on sensor.

10
Handling the cords
· Keep in mind that, in some cases, conductors to be measured may be hot.
· To avoid damaging the power cord, grasp the plug, not the cord, when unplugging the cord from the power outlet.
· To avoid damaging the voltage cords or clamp sensor cables, do not bend or pull near their ends.
· Avoid stepping on or pinching the cable, which could damage the cable insulation.
· Keep the cables well away from heat sources, as bare conductors could be exposed if the insulation melts.
· When disconnecting the BNC connector, be sure to release the lock before pulling off the connector. Forcibly pulling the connector without releasing the lock, or pulling on the cable, can damage the connector.
· Failure to fasten the connectors properly may result is sub-specification performance or damage to the equipment.
Input
Maximum input voltage and maximum rated voltage to earth
· The maximum input voltage of the product is 780 Vrms, 1103 V peak. Do not measure the voltage exceeding that. It causes the personal injury as well as damages the product.
· The maximum rated voltage to earth of the product is 600 Vrms. Do not measure the voltage to earth exceeding that. It causes the personal injury as well as damages the product.
· The maximum rated voltage to earth of clamp sensor depends on the type of clamp sensor used. To avoid electric shock, refer to the instruction manual of a clamp sensor used.

11
· To avoid damage to the product, do not short-circuit the output terminal and do not input voltage to the output terminal.
· Voltage input terminals U1, U2, and U3 are common to the N terminal and are not insulated. To avoid the risk of electric shock, do not touch the terminals.
· Note that the product may be damaged if current or voltage exceeding the selected measurement range is applied for a long time
· When the power is turned off, do not apply voltage or current to the voltage input terminals or clamp sensor. Doing so may damage the product.
· To prevent damage to the instrument and sensor, never connect or disconnect a sensor while the power is on, or while the sensor is clamped around a conductor.
Using VT(PT) and CT
· When the voltage or current for the power line being measured exceeds the maximum input for this device, use an external VT(PT) or CT.
· When using an external VT(PT) or CT, make sure you use a device with a minimal phase difference. By setting the VT(PT) or CT ratio, you can read measurement values directly.
Measurement values
· To ensure measurements are precise, warm up the device for at least 30 minutes after plugging it in.
· This device is designed to measure commercial power lines with a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz. It cannot measure power lines of other frequencies or power lines where the waveforms are controlled using an inverter.
· This device cannot measure power lines with superposed direct current.
· This device uses algorithms to measure values for input voltage and current waveforms using (see the specifications). On devices using different operation principles or algorithms differ, differences in measurement values may result.
· The voltage and current measurements will be reduced to zero when inputs are less than 0.4% of the measurement range. When the voltage or current is zero, the active power, reactive power, and apparent power measurements will be reduced to zero and the power factor will be treated as invalid data.

Overview

13
1.1 Product Overview
11

1.1 Product Overview

1.1 Product Overview
The 3169-20/21 CLAMP ON POWER HiTESTER is a clamp-on wattmeter designed to measure lines ranging from a single-phase line to a three-phase 4-wire line. The 3169-20/21 can measure demand and harmonics, which are important for power management, as well as such basic measurements of voltage, current, power, power factor, and integrated power (watthours). The 3169-20/21 supports extended data acquisition and automated measurement, thanks to the use of the PC card and RS-232C interface. This makes the 3169-20/21 suitable for power measurement at commercial frequencies involved in the power maintenance and management of a building or factory.

14 1.2 Features
1.2 Features
Safe design
Designed to comply with safety standard EN61010-1.
Supports a variety of power lines
Measures single-phase 2-wire, single-phase 3-wire, three-phase 3wire and three-phase 4-wire systems. Capable of measuring multiple circuits of the same voltage system (same transformer) using one 3169-20/21 unit. · Single-phase 2-wire: 4 circuits · Single-phase 3-wire: 2 circuits · Three-phase 3-wire: 2 circuits
Detection of Incorrect Connection
On the wiring check screen, you can check whether the phase sequence is correct, voltage cord is connected, and whether the clamp-on sensor is connected in reverse to avoid incorrect connection.
Simultaneous Display of Various Measurements
Measurements of voltage, current, active/reactive/apparent power, power factor, and frequency are displayed simultaneously.
Independent Integration for Different Polarities
Capable of integrating different polarities independently, such as active power consumption/regeneration and reactive power lag/lead.
Three-Voltage, Three-Current Measurement
Capable of measuring 3-voltage, 3-current when the 3169-20/21 is connected to a three-phase, 3-wire line.
Harmonic Measurement
Capable of measuring the harmonics of a power line simultaneously with integrated power (watt-hour) measurement.
Maximum, Minimum, and Average Measurement
Capable of measuring the maximum, minimum, and average values of the voltage, current, and power calculated for each waveform (per interval.)
PC Card Interface
Saves measurement data on a PC card for an extended period. The settings can be saved or read out using the PC card.

1.2 Features

15
1.2 Features
1 RS-232C Interface
The 3169-20/21 includes an RS-232C interface as standard equipment. The instrument is connected to a PC by the interface, and is used for automated measurement.
High-Speed D/A Output (3169-21 only)
The 3169-21 features D/A output for 4-channel, high-speed analog output.
Compact and light weight
The compact size and light weight allows installation even in limited space, such as in a cubicle.
A choice of optional clamp-on sensors
The following clamp-on sensors are compatible with the 3169-20/21. 9660 CLAMP ON SENSOR (100 A rms rating) 9661 CLAMP ON SENSOR (500 A rms rating) 9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR (5000 A rms rating) CT9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR (5000 A rms rating) 9669 CLAMP ON SENSOR (1000 A rms rating) 9694 CLAMP ON SENSOR (5 Arms rating) 9695-02 CLAMP ON SENOSR (50 Arms rating) 9695-03 CLAMP ON SENSOR (100 Arms rating)

17

Parts Names
4 "Connecting to Lines to be Measured" (page 37) 11 "Using D/A Output (3169-21 only)" (page 161) Recorder, logger

2 12

10 "Using the External Input/ Output Terminal" (page 155)

D/A output (3169-21) EXT I/O

9 "Using the Instrument with a Computer" (page 149)

RS-232C PC

3 "Measurement Preparations" (page 25)

PC card 7.2 "Using a PC Card"
(page 121)

Printer 8 "Using a Printer"
(page 141)

*: The RS-232C is connected to a printer or PC.

18
2.1 Instrument Labels and Functions
2.1 Instrument Labels and Functions
Front Panel
Display 5.7-inch STN LCD

Function (F1-F5) keys Selects or switches the screens and setting items.

Cursor key These keys move the cursor on the screen.

2.1 Instrument Labels and Functions

19
2.1 Instrument Labels and Functions
12
Front Panel Enhanced View
MEASURE key Switches to a screen that displays measurements.
SET UP key Switches to a screen that displays settings. FILE key Used to work on files.
I RANGE key Sets the current measurement range for the circuit to be measured on-screen.
U RANGE key Sets the voltage measurement range. SAVE key Enables the manual saving of measurement data on the PC card or in internal memory. Manual saving is not possible during time-series measurement.
COPY key Outputs screen image data to the PC card, internal memory, or a printer. START/STOP key Starts or stops time-series measurements including integration measurement.
START/STOP LED Flashes in green while the instrument is standing by for time-series measurement, and lights in green while the instrument is performing time-series measurement.

20
2.1 Instrument Labels and Functions
Top Panel
Voltage Input terminals Connect the supplied L9438-53 Voltage Cord. Black Red Yellow Blue N U1 U2 U3

CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4
Current Input terminals Connect an optional clamp-on sensor.

Left Panel
Contrast Control Knob (CONTRAST)
Adjusts the contrast of the screen.

KEY LOCK switch Sliding this switch in the direction of the arrow disables all key operation except the POWER switch.

AC Power Inlet
Connects the power cord. The supply voltage ranges from 100 V to 240 V.

POWER switch Turns the instrument on and off.
: Power OFF : Power ON

Right Panel
PC Card slot A PC Card can be inserted here.

21
2.1 Instrument Labels and Functions

RS-232C Interface connector Connects to a PC or printer using an RS-232C cable.

12

2.1 Instrument Labels and Functions

D/A Output Terminal (D/A OUT) Installed in the 3169-21 only. Connects the supplied 9441 connection cable. Used for analog output.

Eject button Press this button to eject a PC Card from the slot.

External Input/Output Terminal (EXT I/O)
Connects the optional 9440 connection cable. Used to start and stop time-series measurement, and control data storage on the PC card.

Rear Panel

Number plate Contains manufacturer's ID numbers. Please do not remove, as this information is reguired for product management.

22
2.2 Screen Names and Display Elements
2.2 Screen Names and Display Elements
2.2.1 Screen Configuration
The screens are divided into three basic types: measurement screens, setting screens, and file screens. Each screen is selected using three panel keys: MEASURE, SET UP, and FILE.
Measurement screen
MAIN POWER INTEGRATE DEMAND ZOOM HARMONIC LIST HARMONIC GRAPH WAVEFORM WIRING CHECK WIRING DIAGRAM

File screen

Setting screen

INTERNAL SETTINGS INTERNAL MEMORY PC CARD FIRMWARE UPDATE

MEASUREMENT DATA OUTPUT SAVE, PRINT ITEMS SYSTEM D/A OUTPUT (3169-21 only)

23
2.2 Screen Names and Display Elements
2.2.2 Common Display
12 This section of the screen shows information common to all mea-
surement screens (except the zoom screen and the wiring diagram screen).
Common Display
Time Range

2.2 Screen Names and Display Elements

Wiring
No. of circuits
Synchronization method
Interval

Time

Displays the current time.

Range

Displays the voltage range and current range of
the on-screen circuit. The VT(PT) ratio and CT ratio are shown under these ranges. The current range and CT ratio of I4 are shown only when
3P4W4I is set as the wiring method.

Wiring

Displays the wiring method set on the setting screen.

No. of circuits Displays the number of circuits to be measured as set on the setting screen.

Synchronization Displays the synchronization method and fre-

method

quency of the line to be measured as set on the

setting screen.

Interval

Displays the interval set on the setting screen.

24
2.2 Screen Names and Display Elements
2.2.3 On-Screen Indicators
Goes on when the reactive-power-meter method is ON. Goes on when the displayed measurement is held. Goes on when the medium for saving data is set to PC card. Flashes when the PC card is accessed. Goes on when the medium for saving data is set to internal memory. Flashes when the internal memory is accessed. Goes on when the PC card or internal memory is full. Goes on when the device to be connected to the RS232C is set to PC. Goes on when the device to be connected to the RS232C is set to printer. Goes on when the PLL is unlocked; the synchronization method is automatically switched over to the fixed clock. Goes on when the keys are locked. Goes on when the voltage or current dynamic range is exceeded. Displayed when the range is exceeded.
U3* and I3* indicate that the data is obtained by calculating the 2-voltage, 2-current measurement results when 3P3W2M (three-phase, 3wire, 2-power-meter method) is selected.  "Appendix" (page 203)

25
3.1 Banding the L9438-53 Voltage Cord
Yellow
3 Measurement Preparations

Please read the Usage Notes (page 7) before setting up

this instrument.

3.1 Banding the L9438-53 Voltage Cord

3

5 Spiral Tubes provided with Model L9438-53 Voltage Cord. Use the Spiral Tubes as and when required.
Required Equipment

L9438-53 Voltage Cord

3.1 Banding the L9438-53 Voltage Cord

Alligator Clip Test Leads Spiral Tube

4 clips (red, yellow, blue, and black /1 each) 4 cords (red, yellow, blue, and black /1 each) 5 pieces (for banding the cords)

1. Gather the multiple cords Gather one end of the multiple cords together so that it is easier to band. Single-phase 2-wire(1P2W) 2cords(black,red) Single-phase 3-wire(1P3W) 3cords(black,red,yellow) Three-phase 3-wire(3P3W2M) 3cords(black,red,yellow) Three-phase 3-wire(3P3W3M) 3cords(black,red,blue) Three-phase 4-wire(3P4W) 4cords(black,red,Yellow,blue)

How to use the Spiral Tube
2. Wind a Spiral Tube round the multiple cords. 5 Spiral Tubes are provided. Please wind the tubes at appropriate intervals.

Example:Single-phase 3-wire(1P3W) or Three-phase 3-wire(3P3W2M) Spiral Tube

Red Yellow Black

26
3.2 Pre-Operation Inspection

3.2 Pre-Operation Inspection

Before using the instrument the first time, verify that it operates normally to ensure that the no damage occurred during storage or shipping. If you find any damage, contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller.

1 Inspect the voltage cords
Is the insulation of the voltage cord to be used damaged, or is bare metal exposed?
No Metal Exposed
2 Inspect the clamp sensors
· Is a clamp cracked or damaged? · Is the cable's insulation damaged?

Metal Exposed
Do not use if damage is present, as you could receive an electric shock. Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller if you find any damage.

No Yes
3 Inspect the Power cord

Is the power cord's insulation damaged?

No
4 Inspect the instrument
Is damage to the instrument evident?

No Inspection complete

27
3.3 Connection Procedure
3.3 Connection Procedure
Refer to the indicated reference items before installing and connecting.

1 Connecting the Power Cord

3

(page 28)

2 Connecting the Voltage Cords
(page 29)

3

Connecting a Clamp-on Sensor
(Apply the input cord labels)

(page 32)

3.3 Connection Procedure

Before connecting to the lines to be measured, be
sure steps 1 - 4 have been completed.

4 Turning the Instrument On
(page 36)
Connect to the lines to be measured 4 Connecting to Lines to be Measured (page 37)

28
3.4 Connecting the Power Cord
3.4 Connecting the Power Cord

· Before turning the product on, make sure the source voltage matches that indicated on the product's power connector. Connection to an improper supply voltage may damage the product and present an electrical hazard.
· To avoid electric shock and ensure safe operation, connect the power cable to a grounded (3-contact) outlet.
· Use only the designated power cord with this instrument. Use of other power cords may cause fire.

Connecting the Power Cords

1. Connect the power cord to the

AC power inlet.
2. Plug the power cord into the

1

AC mains outlet.

2

29
3.5 Connecting the Voltage Cords
3.5 Connecting the Voltage Cords
Connect the voltage cords to the product first, and then to the active lines to be measured. Observe the following to avoid electric shock and short circuits.
3 · Voltage cord should only be connected to the secondary side of a breaker, so the breaker can prevent an accident if a short circuit occurs. Connections should never be made to the primary side of a breaker, because unrestricted current flow could cause a serious accident if a short circuit occurs. · Do not allow the voltage cord clips to touch two wires at the
same time. Never touch the edge of the metal clips. · Voltage input terminals U1, U2, and U3 are common to the N
terminal and are not insulated. To avoid the risk of electric shock, do not touch the terminals.

3.5 Connecting the Voltage Cords

30
3.5 Connecting the Voltage Cords

· For safety reasons, when taking measurements, only use the L9438-53 Voltage Cord provided with the product.
· For details of the Voltage Cords provided with this product, refer to the illustration below. Use the Spiral Tubes as and when required.
Refer to 3.1 Banding the L9438-53 Voltage Cord (page 25)

L9438-53 Voltage Cord red

yellow

1set

blue

black

9804-01 Magnet Adapter (optional, red, standard screws: M6 pan-head screw) 9804-02 Magnet Adapter (optional, black, standard screws: M6 pan-head screw)

11 mm

Be sure to hold the voltage cord by its plug when connecting or disconnecting the cable.

Connecting the voltage cords to the instrument

1

Model 9804-01 Model 9804-02

1. Connect the Alligator Clip or

Model 9804-01, 9804-02 Mag-

netic Adapter Set (optional) to

the Test Leads.

2

Insert it until it stops.
2. Connect the voltage codes to

Insert plugs all the way in.

the voltage input terminals.
The required number of the codes varies depending on the

wiring method to be measured.

31
3.5 Connecting the Voltage Cords
Voltage cords and measurement lines

Single-phase 2-wire (1P2W)
Black Red

Measurement Line type Voltage input terminals

3
Single-phase 3-wire (1P3W)
Black Red Yellow

3.5 Connecting the Voltage Cords

Three-phase 3-wire (3P3W2M)
Black Red Yellow

Three-phase 3-wire (3P3W3M)
Red Yellow Blue

Three-phase 4-wire (3P4W, 3P4W4I)
Black Red Yellow Blue

32
3.6 Using a Clamp-On Sensor (Option)
3.6 Using a Clamp-On Sensor (Option)
Connect the clamp-on sensors to the product first, and then to the active lines to be measured. Observe the following to avoid electric shock and short circuits. · Clamp sensor should only be connected to the secondary
side of a breaker, so the breaker can prevent an accident if a short circuit occurs. Connections should never be made to the primary side of a breaker, because unrestricted current flow could cause a serious accident if a short circuit occurs. · When the clamp sensor is opened, do not allow the metal part of the clamp to touch any exposed metal, or to short between two lines, and do not use over bare conductors. · To prevent damage to the product and sensor, never connect or disconnect a sensor while the power is on. · The current input terminals of the 3169-20/21 are not insulated. To avoid the risk of electric shock, only use the specified optional clamp-on sensor.
Use Hioki clamp-on sensor 9660, 9661, 9667, CT9667, 9669, 9694, or 9695-02/03.

3.6.1 Clamp-On Sensor Specifications
Refer to the Instruction Manual for the specific model for more details.

9660 9695-02

9660 CLAMP ON SENSOR/ 9695-02 CLAMP ON SENSOR

Rated primary current
Output voltage
Maximum permissible input
Amplitude accuracy
Phase accuracy
Amplitude frequency characteristics
Maximum rated voltage to earth
Measurable conductor diameter
Operating temperature and humidity
Option

100 A AC 1 mVAC/A 130 A continuous (at 45 to 66 Hz, 50°C) ±0.3%rdg. ±0.02%f.s. (f.s.=100 A, 45 to 66 Hz) Within ±1° (45 Hz to 5 kHz) Within ±1% at 40 Hz to 5 kHz (deviation from accuracy) 300 Vrms
15 mm max.
0 to 50°C (32°F to 122°F), 80% RH or less (no condensation) 9219 CONNECTION CABLE (for 9695-02/03)

33
3.6 Using a Clamp-On Sensor (Option)

9661 CLAMP ON SENSOR

Rated primary current

500 A AC

Output voltage

1 mVAC/A

Maximum permissible input 550 A continuous (at 45 to 66 Hz, 50°C)

Amplitude accuracy

±0.3% rdg. ±0.01% f.s. (f.s.=500 A, 45 to 66 Hz)

Phase accuracy

Within ±0.5° (45 Hz to 5 kHz)

Amplitude frequency

Within ±1% at 40 Hz to 5 kHz

characteristics Maximum rated voltage to

(deviation from accuracy) 600 Vrms

3

earth

Measurable conductor diameter

46 mm max.

Operating temperature and 0 to 50°C (32°F to 122°F), 80% RH or less

humidity

(no condensation)

3.6 Using a Clamp-On Sensor (Option)

CT9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR

Rated primary current Output voltage
Maximum permissible input Amplitude accuracy Phase accuracy Amplitude frequency characteristics Maximum rated voltage to earth Measurable conductor diameter Operating temperature and humidity Power supply

500 A AC/ 5000 A AC 500 mV AC f.s. (1 mVAC/A) 500 mV AC f.s. (0.1 mVAC/A) 10000 A continuous at 45 to 66 Hz ±2.0% rdg. ± 0.3% f.s.(45 to 66 Hz) Within ±1° (45 to 66 Hz) Within ±3dB, 10 Hz to 20 kHz
1000 Vrms
254 mm max.
0 to 40°C (32°F to 104°F), 80% RH or less (no condensation) LR03 alkaline battery x 4 or 9445-02/03 AC ADAPTER

9669 CLAMP ON SENSOR

Rated primary current
Output voltage
Maximum permissible input
Amplitude accuracy
Phase accuracy
Amplitude frequency characteristics
Maximum rated voltage to earth
Measurable conductor diameter
Operating temperature and humidity

1000 A AC 0.5 mVAC/A 1000 A continuous (at 45 to 66 Hz, 50°C) ±1.0% rdg. ±0.01% f.s. (f.s.=1000 A, 45 to 66 Hz) Within ±1° (45 Hz to 5 kHz) Within ±2% at 40 Hz to 5 kHz (deviation from accuracy) 600 Vrms
55 mm max.
0 to 50°C (32°F to 122°F), 80% RH or less (no condensation)

34
3.6 Using a Clamp-On Sensor (Option)

9694 9695-03

9694 CLAMP ON SENSOR/ 9695-03 CLAMP ON SENSOR

Rated primary current Output voltage Maximum permissible input
Amplitude accuracy
Phase accuracy Amplitude frequency characteristics Maximum rated voltage to earth Measurable conductor diameter Operating temperature and humidity Option

9694: 5 A AC/ 9695-03: 50 A AC 10 mVAC/A 9694: 50 A continuous (at 45 to 66 Hz , 50°C) 9695-02: 60 A continuous (at 45 to 66 Hz , 50°C) 9694: ±0.3%rdg. ±0.02%f.s.(f.s.=5 A, 45 to 66 Hz) 9695-02: ±0.3%rdg. ±0.02%f.s.
(f.s.=5 A, 45 to 66 Hz) Within ±2° (45 Hz to 5 kHz) Within ±1% at 40 Hz to 5 kHz (deviation from accuracy) 300 Vrms
15 mm max.
0 to 50°C (32°F to 122°F), 80% RH or less (no condensation) 9219 CONNECTION CABLE (for 9695-02/03)

3.6.2 Connecting a Clamp-on Sensor
Connecting a Clamp Sensor to the Instrument

3169-20/21 Current

input terminal

BNC plug slots

connector guide pins

Lock

1. At each end of the cable, apply the input cord labels having the same color as the current input terminal to which it is to be connected.
2. Align the slots in the BNC plug with the guide pins on the connector at the instrument side, then push and turn the plug clockwise. (to unplug the connector, push the plug and turn it counterclockwise before pulling it apart.)

When disconnecting the BNC connector, be sure to release the lock before pulling the connectors apart. Forcibly pulling the connector without releasing the lock, or pulling on the cable, can damage the connector.

35
3.6 Using a Clamp-On Sensor (Option)

Clamp-on sensors and measurement lines

Single-phase 2-wire
(1P2W)
Red

Single-phase 3-wire

(1P3W)

Measurement Line type

Red Yellow

Current Input terminals
3

Three-phase 3-wire
(3P3W2M)
Red Yellow

Three-phase 3-wire
(3P3W3M)
Red Yellow Blue

3.6 Using a Clamp-On Sensor (Option)

Three-phase 4-wire
(3P4W)
Red Yellow Blue

Three-phase 4-wire
(3P4W4I)
Red Yellow Blue Gray

Single-phase 2-wire X 4
(1P2W X 4)
Red Yellow Blue Gray

Single-phase 3-wire X 2
(1P3W X 2)
Red Yellow Blue Gray

Three-phase 3-wire X 2
(3P3W2M X 2)
Red Yellow Blue Gray

36
3.7 Turning the Power On/Off
3.7 Turning the Power On/Off

Before turning the product on, make sure the source voltage matches that indicated on the product's power connector. Connection to an improper supply voltage may damage the product and present an electrical hazard.

Turning the Instrument On/Off

Powering On

Turn the POWER switch ON ( | ).

Power switch On:

As soon as the power is turned on,
the self-test screen appears. Upon completion of the self test, display switches to the measurement
screen.

Screen after the
power is turned on (Self-test screen)

Model No. of the product
Version No.
Internal memory test result

Powering Off Turn the POWER switch OFF ( ).
Power switch Off:

If an error occurs during selt-testing, the instrument may be damaged. Contact your dealer or HIOKI representative.

37
4.1 Connection Procedure

Connecting to Lines to be Measured

4

Please read the Usage Notes (page 7) before making connections.

4.1 Connection Procedure

4

3.5 Connecting the Voltage Cords (page 29)
3.6 Using a Clamp-On

1

Verify that the voltage cord or clamp-on sensor is properly connected to the

input terminals.

Sensor (Option) (page 32)

3.7 Turning the Power On/ Off (page 36)

2

Turn on ( | ) the 3169-20/21.

4.1 Connection Procedure

SCREEN WIRING select DIAGRAM

WIRING CIRCUIT

SCREEN

select

WIRING

CHECK

Select the wiring diagram screen on the
3 measurement screen to view the wiring diagram. (page 38)

4

Set the wiring method and number of circuits by using the F2 (WIRING) and

F3 (CIRCUIT) keys.

(page 38)

5

Connect the voltage cords and clamp-on sensor to the lines to be measured in accor-

dance with the displayed wiring diagram.

(page 50)

6

Select the wiring check screen to check the current connection.

OK To 7

(page 52)
NG To 5

7 Set the parameters on the setting screen. 5 Setting Procedure (page 59)

Measurement 6 Measurement Method (page 99)

38
4.2 Connection Methods
4.2 Connection Methods

4.2.1 Displaying the Wiring Diagram

Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen. SCREEN Press the F1 (SCREEN) key to display the selection window.
Select "WIRING DIAGRAM" by using the cursor key.

select

Press the F1 (select) key; the wiring diagram will appear. (Example: 3P3W2M x 1 (three-phase, 3-wire))

Wiring diagram screen

39
4.2 Connection Methods

4

4.2 Connection Methods

(1) Set the Wiring Method.

WIRING Press the F2 (WIRING) key to display the selection window.

1P2W

Measurement of a single-phase, 2-wire line

1P3W

Measurement of a single-phase, 3-wire line

3P3W2M

Measurement of a three-phase, 3-wire line (by the two-
power-meter method) *: Select this method to measure three-phase power by
measuring the current at two positions only.

3P3W3M Measurement of a three-phase, 3-wire line (by the three-power-meter method)

3P4W

Measurement of a three-phase, 4-wire line

3P4W4I

Measurement of a three-phase, 4-wire line (used for neutral conductor measurement)

Select a wiring method by using the cursor key. select Press the F1 (select) key.

40
4.2 Connection Methods
(2) Set the Number of Circuits
(when measuring multiple circuits).

CIRCUIT Press the F3 (CIRCUIT) key to display the selection window.

1P2W

1 (1 circuit), 2 (2 circuits), 3 (3 circuits), 4 (4 circuits)

1P3W

1 (1 circuit), 2 (2 circuits)

3P3W2M

1 (1 circuit), 2 (2 circuits)

3P3W3M,3P4W, 1 (1 circuit) 3P4W4I

Select a number of circuits by using the cursor key.

select Press the F1 (select) key.

41
4.2 Connection Methods
4.2.2 Basic Wiring for Single-Circuit Measurement
Single-phase 2-wire (1P2W)
Red 1 Black N
4

LOAD

SOURCE

Wiring diagram screen

Face the arrow toward the Load

4.2 Connection Methods

Wiring check screen (Power factor: 0.87) 4.2.5 Checking the Wiring (page 52)

LOAD SOURCE

42
4.2 Connection Methods
Single-phase 3-wire (1P3W)

Red 1 Black

N

Yellow

2

Wiring diagram screen

Face the arrow toward the Load

Wiring check screen (Power factor: 0.87) 4.2.5 Checking the Wiring (page 52)

43
4.2 Connection Methods

Three-phase 3-wire (3P3W2M) 2-Power-Meter Method

LOAD

SOURCE

Red A Black

B

Yellow

C

Wiring diagram screen

4
Face the arrow toward the Load

C

U2 I2

I1

B

A

U1

4.2 Connection Methods

Wiring check screen (Power factor: 1) 4.2.5 Checking the Wiring (page 52)

LOAD SOURCE

44
4.2 Connection Methods

Three-phase 3-wire (3P3W3M) 3-Power-Meter Method

Red

A

Yellow

B

Blue

C Not connected

Wiring diagram screen

Face the arrow toward the Load

C

U3

I3 U2 I2 I1

A

B U1

Wiring check screen (Power factor: 1) 4.2.5 Checking the Wiring (page 52)

Three-phase 4-wire (3P4W)
Wiring diagram screen

SOURCE

45
4.2 Connection Methods

Red

A

Yellow

B

Blue

C Black

N

N: Neutral conductor

LOAD

4
Face the arrow toward the Load

4.2 Connection Methods

Wiring check screen (Power factor: 0.87) 4.2.5 Checking the Wiring (page 52)

LOAD SOURCE

46
4.2 Connection Methods

Three-phase 4-wire (3P4W4I) Neutral Current Measurement

Red

A

Yellow

B

Blue

C Black

N

N: Neutral conductor

Wiring iagram screen

Face the arrow toward the Load
The connection for neutral current I4 is not checked.

Wiring check screen (Power factor: 0.87) 4.2.5 Checking the Wiring (page 52)

47
4.2 Connection Methods

4.2.3 Wiring for Multiple-Circuit Measurement

· One 3169-20/21 unit can measure multiple circuits of the same voltage system (same transformer).
· The wiring mode is common to all circuits. · Measurements of the current channels will not be zeroed when
the device is not connected to the clamp-on sensor.

Single-phase 2-wire, 4circuits (1P2W X 4)

Red

4

1 Black

N

Circuit 1 LOAD 1

SOURCE

Circuit 2 LOAD 2

Wiring diagram screen

4.2 Connection Methods

Circuit 3 LOAD 3

Circuit 4 LOAD 4

changes the circuit to display.
Wiring check screen (Power factor: 0.87) 4.2.5 Checking the Wiring (page 52)

Face the arrow toward the Load

Circuit 1 LOAD 1

48
4.2 Connection Methods

Single-phase 3-wire, 2circuits (1P3W X 2)

SOURCE

Red 1 Black

N

Yellow

2

Wiring diagram screen

Face the arrow toward the Load

Circuit 2 LOAD 2

changes the circuit to display.
Wiring check screen (Power factor: 0.87) 4.2.5 Checking the Wiring (page 52)

49
4.2 Connection Methods

Three-phase 3-wire, 2circuits (3P3W2M X 2) 2-Power-Meter Method

Circuit 1 LOAD 1

SOURCE

Red A Black

B

Yellow

C

4
Wiring diagram screen

Face the arrow toward the Load

4.2 Connection Methods
Circuit 2 LOAD 2

changes the circuit to display.
Wiring check screen (Power factor: 1) 4.2.5 Checking the Wiring (page 52)

50
4.2 Connection Methods
4.2.4 Connection to a Line to Be Measured
Connect the voltage cords and clamp-on sensor to the line to be measured, while referring to the wiring diagram.
To ensure correct measurement results, follow the instrument setup and wiring instructions precisely.
Connecting the Voltage Cords to the Lines to be Measured
(Example) When using an Alligator Clip Clip the metallic parts on the secondary side of the breaker, such as the screws and bars for the wires.

Secondary side of the breaker

L9438-53 Voltage Cord

(Example) When using Model 9804-01,02 (optional, Standard screws: M6 pan-head screw)

9804-01,02 Magnet Adapter

Secondary side of the breaker

L9438-53 Voltage Cord
Connect the magnetic tip of the 9804-01, 02 Magnet Adapter (optional) to the screws on the secondary side of the breaker.
Depending on the weight of the voltage cord, the 9804-01, 02 Magnet Adapter sometimes cannot connect to the screws perpendicularly. When this happens, make a right-angle connection to maintain the balance. Check the voltage current to make sure that the connection is made.

Secondary side of the breaker

9804-01,02 Magnet Adapter L9438-53 Voltage Cord

51
4.2 Connection Methods

Clamping a Sensor to a Line to be Measured

(Example: 9660)

OK

(Example: 9660)

SOURCE

LOAD
Conductor

Current flow direction arrow

Clamp around only one conductor. Measurement is not
possible if the clamp is placed around two lines in a singlephase circuit, or three lines in a
three-phase circuit.

(Example: 9661)

SOURCE

LOAD

The arrows on the

Conductor clamp indicating

4

the direction of

current flow

should point

toward the load

side.

Current flow direction arrow

4.2 Connection Methods

52
4.2 Connection Methods
4.2.5 Checking the Wiring
Check to see if the 3169-20/21 is correctly connected to the line to be measured. Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen. SCREEN Press the F1 (SCREEN) key to display the selection window. Select "WIRING CHECK" by using the cursor key.
select Press the F1 (select) key; the wiring check will appear. The connection status is shown by the voltage, current vectors, and the connection check result.
· The wiring check function may indicate incorrect connection even when the actual connection is correct, or vice versa. Check the vectors and measurements as well.
· The length of a vector is not related to input level. It only indicates the phase relationship.
· A minus sign (-) with the phase angle indicates a lag phase angle; a plus sign (+) indicates a lead phase angle. The phase angle is calculated using the phase of the fundamental of the PLL source (U1) as a reference.
· The voltage levels, current levels, and phase angles displayed on-screen are those of the fundamental component and different from RMS value.

53
4.2 Connection Methods
(1) Display the Screen of Another Circuit (when measuring multiple circuits).
Indicates the circuit No.
4
CIRCUIT Pressing the F2 (CIRCUIT) key repeatedly changes the circuit on the screen as follows: "Circuit 1""Circuit 2""Circuit 3""Circuit 4" (Up to Circuit 2 when 1P3W or 3P3W2M is selected.)
(2) Change the Voltage Range.
Pressing the U Range key repeatedly changes the range as follows: "150 V" "300 V" "600 V"

4.2 Connection Methods

54
4.2 Connection Methods
(3) Change the Current Range.
Pressing the I Range key repeatedly changes the range for the circuit on the screen as follows:

When using the 9660/9695-03:
When using the 9661:
When using the 9667 (CT9667): 5000/500-A range
When using the 9669:
When using the 9694:
When using the 9695-02:

"5 A""10 A""50 A""100 A" "5 A""10 A""50 A""100 A""500 A"
"5 kA"/ "500 A" fixed "100 A""200 A""1 kA" "500 mA""1 A""5 A" "500 mA""1 A""5 A""10 A""50 A"

To change the type of clamp-on sensor, display the measurement setting screen by using the SET UP key, then edit the setting.
5.2.9 Setting the Clamp-On Sensor (page 71)

The table below lists the wiring check items and criteria.

Wiring Check Item

Criteria

Voltage input

NG when input is less than 10% of the voltage range

Current input (except NG when input is less than 1% of the current for I4 when 3P4W4I is range selected)

Phase difference (cur- NG when each current is not within 60 de-

rent - voltage)

grees with respect to the voltage of each phase

Voltage phase

1P3W: NG when U2 is not within 180 degrees  10 degrees with respect to U1 3P3W2M: NG when the phase lead of U2 is not within 60 degrees 10 degrees with respect to U1 3P3W3M, 3P4W, 3P4W4I: NG when the phase
lag of U2 is not within 120 degrees 10 de-
grees with respect to U1, or when the phase
lead of U3 is not within 120 degrees 10 de-
grees with respect to U1

Current phase (for

NG when current phase sequence is negative

three-phase lines only)

Voltage balance (ex- NG when one voltage is 70% or less than the

cept for 1P2W)

other voltage

55
4.2 Connection Methods

The wiring check result is NG.

The voltage input · Are you sure that the voltage clip is con-

is NG.

nected to the metallic part of the object to be

measured?

· Is the voltage cord properly inserted into the

voltage input terminal of the 3169-20/21?

· Is the voltage cord properly inserted into the

voltage clip?

The current input · Is the clamp-on sensor securely inserted

is NG.

4 into the current input terminals?
· Is the set current range too large for the

input level?

If the current range is too large, change the

current range setting to a lower range to

have the measurement values more than

5% of the set range.

4.2 Connection Methods

The voltage phase · Are the voltage cords connected to the cor-

is NG.

rect terminals?

The current phase · Does the arrow of the clamp-on sensor point

is NG.

to the load side?

· Is the clamp-on sensor connected to the cor-

rect terminals?

The phase differ- · Are the voltage cords and clamp-on sensor

ence (I-U) is NG.

properly connected?

· Does the arrow of the clamp-on sensor point

to the load side?

· Is the power factor of the line to be mea-

sured too low, such as 0.5 or less?

If the power factor is less than 0.5, the

phase difference (I-U) will show NG even if

the wires are properly connected.

When the connection is visually confirmed

as being appropriate, the measurement val-

ues will be correct even if a NG judgment is

given.

The voltage ance is NG.

bal- · Does the connection method of the line to be
measured differ from that set? · Are you sure that the voltage clip is con-
nected to the metallic part of the object to be
measured? · Is the voltage cord properly inserted into the
voltage input terminal of the 3169-20/21?

56
4.3 Measurement Range
4.3 Measurement Range
This unit is not equipped with an automatic range selection function, therefore you must select the operation ranges. The display and effective measurement ranges (ranges where accuracy is certain) of measurement ranges are as follows. Voltage Range
Effective measurement range
Effective measurement range
Effective measurement range Display range
Input Voltage

57
4.3 Measurement Range
4

4.3 Measurement Range

· Dynamic range overflow warning This warning is indicated when the input signal exceeds the maximum or falls below the minimum (out of crest factor) dur-
ing waveform acquisition (A/D conversion). In either case, change the range setting to that with a sufficient margin. (Indi-

cator:

)

· Over range

This warning is indicated when a measurement exceeds

130%f.s. of the range. Change the range setting to that with a

sufficient margin.

(Indicator:

)

58
4.3 Measurement Range

Setting Procedure
5.1 Setting Screen

59
5.1 Setting Screen
5

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT

SCR

5

5.1 Setting Screen

Pressing the F5 (NEXT SCR) key or SET UP key repeatedly switches the screen as follows:
MEASUREMENT
DATA OUTPUT
SAVE, PRINT ITEMS
SYSTEM
D/A OUTPUT (3169-21 only)

60
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)
The measurement setting screen enables the items below to be set. · Wiring method · Number of circuits to be measured · Synchronization method · Reactive-power-meter method · Display averaging times · Voltage range · VT (PT) ratio · Current range · CT ratio · Clamp-on sensor
Measurement setting screen

61
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

5.2.1 Setting the Wiring Method

(3169-20: SET UP 1/4, 3169-21: SET UP 1/5)

5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

5

NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the measurement setting SCR screen.

Move the cursor to "WIRING."

change Press the F1 (change) key to display the selection window.

1P2W

Measurement of a single-phase, 2-wire line

1P3W

Measurement of a single-phase, 3-wire line

3P3W2M Measurement of a three-phase, 3-wire line (by the two-

power-meter method)
*: Select this method to measure three-phase power by measuring the current at two positions only.

3P3W3M Measurement of a three-phase, 3-wire line (by the

three-power-meter method)

3P4W

Measurement of a three-phase, 4-wire line

3P4W4I Measurement of a three-phase, 4-wire line (used for

neutral conductor measurement)

Select a wiring method by using the cursor key. select Press the F1 (select) key.

3P3W2M and 3P3W3M
The active power measurement results will be the same regardless of whether measurement is conducted by 3P3W2M (i.e., 2voltage, 2-current, 2-power-meter method) or 3P3W3M (i.e., 3voltage, 3-current, 3-power-meter method). When 3P3W2M is selected, U3 and I3 will be calculated based on the U1, U2, or I1, I2 measurements.

62
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)
Set the Number of Circuits to Be Measured.
(3169-20: SET UP 1/4, 3169-21: SET UP 1/5)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the measurement setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to Number of Circuits.

X 1 Set the number of circuits by using the function keys.

X 2

1P2W

X 1 (1 circuit), X 2 (2 circuits), X 3 (3 circuits), X 4 (4 circuits)

X 3

1P3W

3P3W2M

X 1 (1 circuit), X 2 (2 circuits) X 1 (1 circuit), X 2 (2 circuits)

X 4

3P3W3M,3P4W, X 1 (1 circuit) only

3P4W4I

The 3169-20/21 can measure multiple circuits of the same voltage system (same transformer).

63
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)
5.2.2 Setting the Synchronization Method
(3169-20: SET UP 1/4, 3169-21: SET UP 1/5)

5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

5

NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the measurement setting SCR screen.

Move the cursor to "SAMPLING."

PLL

Set the synchronization method by using the function keys.

PLL

PLL (default)

FIXED FIXED

Fixed clock

* Normally set to PLL

Move the cursor to Measured Frequency.

50 Hz Set to the frequency of the line to be measured by using the func60 Hz tion keys. (Default: 50 Hz)

What is PLL?
PLL stands for "Phase Locked Loop" and is a phase synchroniza-
tion circuit. The 3169-20/21 uses PLL to generate a frequency synchronized with the fundamental wave (50/60 Hz) and multiplied by 128, to sample input waveforms of voltage and current. If there is
no PLL input (PLL source), there is no means of sampling input waveforms, and calculation cannot be performed. This is called "PLL unlock." When there is no PLL source, the 3169-20/21
switches the synchronization method over to the internal clock (50/ 60 Hz fixed clock).

64
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)
5.2.3 Setting the Reactive-Power-Meter Method
(3169-20: SET UP 1/4, 3169-21: SET UP 1/5)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the measurement setting SCR screen.

Move the cursor to "VAR METHOD."

Use the function keys to set whether to use the reactive-powerOFF meter method.

ON

OFF Do not use the reactive-power meter method (default).

ON Use the reactive-power-meter method.

When the reactive-power-meter method is OFF (not to be used), the signs for lag and lead will not be added to reactive-power measurements.

65
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)
What is the Reactive-power-meter method?
· The reactive-power-meter method is used to measure reactive power directly from the voltage and current, like a reactive power meter installed for large power consumers.
· With some voltage and current waveforms, reactive power, apparent power, and power factor measurements may vary depending on the reactive-power-meter setting.
· <Influence on the Power Factor> When the reactive-power-meter method is OFF (not to be used), the power factor is obtained as a ratio of the active power to apparent power. Because calculation includes the harmonic component, the power factor will decrease as the harmonic current increases. When the reactive-power-meter method is ON (to be used), the power factor is obtained as a cosine of the phase difference between the fundamental voltage and fundamental current. Cal-
5 culation is performed using the fundamental component only,
and does not include the harmonic component.

5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

66
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)
5.2.4 Setting the Display Average Times
(3169-20: SET UP 1/4, 3169-21: SET UP 1/5)
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the measurement setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to "AVERAGE TIMES."
change Press the F1 (change) key to display the selection window.
1 (default), 2, 5, 10, 20 times
Select a display averaging times by using the cursor key. select Press the F1 (select) key.
· The display averaging times is the number of moving averages calculated for instantaneous values (i.e., instantaneous measurements excluding harmonics).
· The moving average is obtained by totaling the set number of measurements and dividing the sum by the set number. After the set number of measurements have been acquired, the 3169-20/21 discards the oldest measurement data every time it acquires new measurement data, and continues to average the set number of measurements. Value to be displayed on-screen = (Z(n - (N - 1)) + Z(n - (N - 2)) + ... + Zn)/N Zn: The nth measurement N: Set number If measurements fluctuate drastically, use the averaging function to stabilize the values displayed on-screen.

67
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

5.2.5 Setting the Voltage Range

(3169-20: SET UP 1/4, 3169-21: SET UP 1/5)

5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

5
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the measurement setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to "VOLTAGE RANGE."

-

Set the voltage range by using the function keys as follows:

+

(Select a range from 150 V, 300 V, and 600 V.)

- Changes to a smaller range.

+ Changes to a larger range.

A range can be selected using the U RANGE key on the measurement screen.

68
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

5.2.6 Setting the VT Ratio (PT Ratio)

(3169-20: SET UP 1/4, 3169-21: SET UP 1/5)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the measurement setting SCR screen.

Move the cursor to the "VT" digit to be changed.

-

Set the VT ratio by using the function keys as follows: (Cursor : Moves left to next digit; Cursor : Moves right to next

+

digit)

- Decrements the number.

+ Increments the number.

Setting range: 0.01 to 9999.99 (Default: 1.00)

This ratio is used for measurement conducted on the secondary
side of an external voltage transformer (VT) to convert the voltage measured to the primary voltage to be displayed.

What is VT?
VT stands for "voltage transformer." It is also referred to as "PT" (potential transformer). VT is used in high-voltage measurement to convert (step-down) the voltage measured to a smaller level and supply the conversion result to an instrument. VT ratio (voltage transformation ratio): A ratio used to convert the secondary voltage of VT to the primary voltage.

69
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

5.2.7 Setting the Current Range

(3169-20: SET UP 1/4, 3169-21: SET UP 1/5)

5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

5
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the measurement setting SCR screen.

Move the cursor to "CURRENT RANGE" of the circuit to be changed.

-

+

Set the current range by using the function keys as follows:

- Changes to a smaller range.

+ Changes to a larger range.

Clamp-On Sensor and Current Range

9660/ 9695-03

5 A, 10 A, 50 A, 100 A

9661

5 A, 10 A, 50 A, 100 A, 500 A

9667-5 kA (5000 A range) 5 kA

9667-500 A (500 A range) 500 A

9669

100 A, 200 A, 1 kA

9694

0.5 A, 1 A, 5 A

9695-02

0.5 A, 1 A, 5 A, 10 A, 50 A

The selectable current ranges vary depending on the clamp-on
sensor used. When the connection method is 3P4W4I, a current range can be set for I4 that differs from that for I1 to I3.

70
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

5.2.8 Setting the CT Ratio

(3169-20: SET UP 1/4, 3169-21: SET UP 1/5)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the measurement setting SCR screen.

Move the cursor to the digit of "CT" of the circuit to be changed.

Set the CT ratio for each circuit by using the function keys.

-

(Cursor : Moves left to next digit; Cursor : Moves right to next

+

digit)

- Decrements the number. + Increments the number.

Setting range: 0.01 to 9999.99 (Default: 1.00)

This ratio is used for measurement on the secondary side of an external current transformer (CT) to convert the current mea-
sured to the primary current to be displayed.

What is CT?
CT stands for "current transformer." CT is used to measure large current to reduce the current measured to a smaller level and supply the conversion result to an instrument. CT ratio (current transformation ratio): A ratio used to convert the secondary current of CT to the primary current.

71
5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

5.2.9 Setting the Clamp-On Sensor

(3169-20: SET UP 1/4, 3169-21: SET UP 1/5)

5.2 Setting on the Measurement Setting Screen (MEASUREMENT)

5
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the measurement setting SCR screen.

Move the cursor to "SENSOR" of the circuit to be changed.

change Press the F1 (change) key to display the selection window.

9660

Use the 9660 CLAMP ON SENSOR (100 A rated).

9661

Use the 9661 CLAMP ON SENSOR (500 A rated).

9667-5kA Use the 9667/CT9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR

(5000 A rated). (5000 A range)

9667-500A Use the 9667/CT9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR

(500 A rated). (500 A range)

9669

Use the 9669 CLAMP ON SENSOR (1000 A rated).

9694

Use the 9694 CLAMP ON SENSOR (5 A rated).

9695-02 Use the 9695-02 CLAMP ON SENSOR (50 A rated).

9695-03 Use the 9695-03 CLAMP ON SENSOR (100 A rated).

Select a clamp-on sensor for each circuit by using the cursor key.

select Press the F1 (select) key.

· When the wiring method is 3P4W4I, a clamp-on sensor can be
set for I4 that differs from that for I1 to I3. · When using the CT9667 sensor, choose "9667" for the clamp-
on sensor. · The range setting for the 9667 sensor is made on the sensor
(500/5000 A range). When power to the 9667 is turned off,
then back on again, the range is always set to 5000 A. When the 9667 is to be used for an extended period with the AC adapter, we recommend that a battery be used as well.

72
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)
The data output setting screen allows setting of the following items. · Time-series measurement start method · Time-series measurement ending method · Interval · Medium for saving data · Data file name · Device to be connected to RS-232C · Medium to which the screen is to be copied

73
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)
5.3.1 Setting the Time-Series Measurement Start Method
(3169-20: SET UP 2/4, 3169-21: SET UP 2/5)

5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)

5

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT SCR

Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data output setting screen.

Move the cursor to "MEAS. START."

Set the time-series measurement start method using the function MANUALkeys.

TIME JUST

MANUAL
TIME JUST

Manual Measurement starts when the START/STOP key is pressed (default setting).
Measurement starts at the set time.*1
Measurement will begin as soon as the internal clock reaches a time that is evenly divisible by the set interval.

Example: If the current time is 10:41:22, and the measurement interval is set to 30 minutes, then measurement will start at 11:00:00 (:00 minutes [or :60 minutes] is evenly divisible by 30 as 60/30 = 2 with no remainder) with the next recording at 11:30:00, 12:00:00, etc.). If the interval is set to 10 minutes, measurement will start at 10:50:00.
*1:The 3169-20/21 will enter into waiting status when the START/STOP key is
pressed to start measurement. Measurement will then start at the set time.

The START/STOP key is effective only when the measurement screen is displayed. It is not effective when the setting screen is
displayed.

74
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)
Notes for long term measurement
The longest measurement period of this unit is one year. The instrument will automatically stop time-series measurement when one year has elapsed since the start of the timeseries measurement. To continue measurement, restart the unit and then resume the time-series measurement. The measurement settings are saved even after restarting
the unit. Set the time again when using the "TIME" start and stop.
Set the Time-Series Measurement Start Time (when the start method is set to time).

Move the cursor to the digit to be changed in the measurement start date and time.

+ AUTO

Set the start time using the function keys.
(Cursor : Moves left to next digit; Cursor : Moves right to next digit)

-

Decrements the number.

+

Increments the number.

AUTO Set the start time to any subsequent time.

If the set measurement start time has already expired when the START/STOP key is pressed, the 3169-20/21 displays an error
message and starts measurement by the "Just" start method, which commences measurement at the optimal time.

75
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)
5.3.2 Setting Time-Series Measurement Stop Method
(3169-20: SET UP 2/4, 3169-21: SET UP 2/5)

5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)

5
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data output setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to "MEAS. STOP."

Set the time-series measurement stop method using the function MANUALkeys.

TIME TIMER

MANUAL
TIME TIMER

Manua lMeasurement stops when the START/STOP key is pressed (default setting).
Measurement stops at the exact time set by users.
Measurement stops when the duration set by the users has elapsed. 1 second to 8784 hours

When the stop method is set to Time or Timer, if the START/STOP key is pressed during measurement, a message is displayed requesting confirmation. Pressing the F1 (yes) key stops mea-
surement immediately.

76
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)
Set the Time-Series Measurement Stop Time (when the stop method is set to Time).

Move the cursor to the digit to be changed in the measurement stop date and time.

-

Set the measurement stop time using the function keys.

+ (Cursor : Moves left to next digit; Cursor : Moves right to next

digit)

- Decrements the number. + Increments the number.

77
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)
Set the Timer (when the stop method is set to Timer).

5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)

Move the cursor to the digit of the timer setting to be changed.

5

-

Set the timer using the function keys.

+

(Cursor : Moves left to next digit; Cursor : Moves right to next digit)

- Decrements the number. + Increments the number.

78
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)

5.3.3 Setting Interval

(3169-20: SET UP 2/4, 3169-21: SET UP 2/5)

NEXT SCR

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data output setting screen.

Move the cursor to "INTERVAL TIME."

change Press the F1 (change) key to display the selection window.
Standard interval 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 30 s, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 m Short-term interval Full wave (Each one cycle), 100m, 200m, 500ms
Select an interval with the cursor key.
select Press the F1 (select) key.

· The data storable time varies depending on the setting of the
data storage items and interval. · The setting ranges for data output items vary depending on the
setting of the interval.
· When the interval is 30 seconds or less, harmonic measurement-data output and printer output are not available.
· When a short-term interval is selected, the 3169-20/21 outputs
the instantaneous values of normal measurement only. The file will be in binary format and must be converted to a text file to be read into a generally available spreadsheet software. For
details on spreadsheet software, see the CD-R supplied with the 3169-20/21.

79
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)
Observe the following precautions when setting the interval to 2 seconds or less: · Use the optional PC card. · Be sure to format the PC card. · Insert the PC card before starting time-series measurement. · Do not remove the PC card during measurement. · Do not perform communications. · Do not operate the keys too frequently.

5.3.4 Setting Medium for Saving Data

(3169-20: SET UP 2/4, 3169-21: SET UP 2/5)

5

5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data output setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to "SAVE IN...."
CARD Set the medium for saving data using the function keys. MEMORY
When the PC card is selected, if a PC card is not installed or the 3169-20/21 fails to write data onto the PC card, the data will be stored in the internal memory as backup data.

80
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)

5.3.5 Setting the Data File Name

(3169-20: SET UP 2/4, 3169-21: SET UP 2/5)

NEXT SCR

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data output setting screen.
Move the cursor to "DATA FILE NAME."

change Press the F1 (Change) key to display the file-name input window.

input BS enter cancel

Set the file name using the cursor and function keys (up to 8 letters and numbers).

Cursor input BS enter cancel

Selects characters Inputs the selected character Backspace (deletes the inputted character) Accepts the file name entry Exits the file name input window unchanged

If no file name is set, the 3169-20/21 will automatically name the file.
7.1 Types of Files (page 119)

81
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)
5.3.6 Setting Device to Be Connected to the RS-232C
(3169-20: SET UP 2/4, 3169-21: SET UP 2/5)

5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)

5
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT SCR

Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data output setting screen.

Move the cursor to "RS CONNECTION."

PC

Use the function keys to set the device to be connected to the RS-

232C interface (Default: PC).

PRINER

82
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT)
5.3.7 Setting the Medium to which the Screen is to be Copied
(3169-20: SET UP 2/4, 3169-21: SET UP 2/5)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data output setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to "DISPLAY COPY."

CARD

Use the function keys to set the medium to which the screen is to be copied.

MEMORY

PRINTER

The F3 (Printer) key will not be displayed on the screen unless the printer is selected as the device to be connected to the RS-
232C.

83
5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)
5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)
The save/print items setting screen allows the following items to be set or displayed: · Display the number of output data items and storable time. · Set the normal measurement-data output items. · Set the integrated power and demand measurement-data output. · Set the harmonic measurement-data output items.

5.4.1 Checking the number of output data items and

Storable Time

5

(3169-20: SET UP 3/4, 3169-21: SET UP 3/5)

Displays the number of output data items. Make sure the number of output data items does not exceed 256 when reading stored data into a generally available spreadsheet.

5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)

Save/print items setting screen
Displays the storable time Displays the data storable time of the set medium for saving data (PC card/internal memory) (xxx days: xx hours: xx minutes: xx seconds)

NEXT SCR

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the save/print items setting screen.

84
5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)
5.4.2 Setting Normal Measurement-Data Output Items
(3169-20: SET UP 3/4, 3169-21: SET UP 3/5)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the save/print items setSCR ting screen.
Move the cursor to "NORM. MEAS."

ON Press the F2 (ON) key to turn ON normal measurement.

Move the cursor to "INST."(instantaneous values.)

OFF ON

Turn data output ON/OFF using the function keys.
Turn the output of other items (average, maximum, and minimum values) ON/OFF in a similar way.

· Normal measurement data includes, for each channel, the voltage, current, active power, reactive power, apparent power,
power factor, frequency, and each phase power. · Detailed setting is not available for each piece of normal mea-
surement data above.

85
5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)
5.4.3 Setting Integrated power and Demand Measurement-data Output Items
(3169-20: SET UP 3/4, 3169-21: SET UP 3/5)

5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)

5

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the save/print items setSCR ting screen.

Move the cursor to "INTEG. & DEM.."

ON

Press the F2 (ON) key to turn ON the integrated power/demand measurement data.

· Integrated power/demand measurement data includes the total
integrated power, integrated power within interval, demand value, and maximum demand value. · Detailed setting cannot be performed for each piece of inte-
grated power/demand measurement data above.

86
5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)
5.4.4 Setting Harmonic Measurement-data Output Items
(1 ) Set the Harmonic Measurement-data Output.
(3169-20: SET UP 3/4, 3169-21: SET UP 3/5)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the save/print items setSCR ting screen.
Move the cursor to "HARMONIC."

ON Press the F2 (ON) key to turn ON harmonic measurement.

Move the cursor to "INST."(instantaneous values.)

OFF ON

Turn data output ON/OFF using the function keys.
Turn the output of other items (average, maximum, and minimum values) ON/OFF in a similar way.

87
5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)
(2) Set the Details of Harmonic Measurement-data Output.

5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)

DETAILS

Press the screen to

F3 (Detail Setting) key on the save/print items setting display the harmonic output detail setting screen.

5

Turn the output of each piece of data ON/OFF using the cursor and function keys.
OFF

ON

· The waveform data is not printed in the auto print function.
· The waveform data of U3 and I3 are not saved in the 3P3W2M wiring system.

88
5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)
Select Order for Output.

Move the cursor to "ORDER." ALL Set orders using the function keys. ODD EVEN SELECT

When F4 (SELECT) is selected Move the cursor to the order of the data to be output.

OFF

Turn data output ON/OFF using function keys. (When an asterisk "*" marks the order, the data will be output.)

ON

89
5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen
5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen
The system setting screen allows setting of the following items: · Total harmonic distortion (THD) calculation method · Harmonic order for display · RS-232C · LCD backlight · Beep sound · ID No. · Clock · Language · Display of the Version/serial No.
5

5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen

90
5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen
5.5.1 Setting the THD Calculation Method
(3169-20: SET UP 4/4, 3169-21: SET UP 4/5)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the system setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to "THD."

THD-F Set the THD calculation method using the function keys. THD-F Total Harmonic Distortion (Fundamental reference)

THD-R

Ratio of the harmonic to the fundamental (default)

THD-R Total Harmonic Distortion (RMS reference)

Ratio of the harmonic to the total harmonic RMS values,

including fundamental and all other harmonics

The selected THD calculation method will be used for both the harmonic voltage and harmonic current.

91
5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen
5.5.2 Setting the Harmonic Order for Display
(3169-20: SET UP 4/4, 3169-21: SET UP 4/5)

5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen

5
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the system setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to "HARM. DISP. ORD."

ALL ORD
ODD

Use the function keys to set the harmonic orders to be displayed on the harmonic graph screen and harmonic list screen.

92
5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen
5.5.3 Setting the RS-232C

(3169-20: SET UP 4/4, 3169-21: SET UP 4/5)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the system setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to "BAUD RATE."
change Press the F1 (change) key to display the selection window.
2400 bps, 9600 bps, 19200 bps, 38400 bps
Select a baud rate using the cursor keys. select Press the F1 (select) key.
Move the cursor to the "TERMINATOR."
CR+LF Set the end-of-line code using the function keys. CR
Move the cursor to "FLOW CONTROL." Set the flow control using the function keys. NONE XON/XOFF RTS/CTS BOTH

93
5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen
5.5.4 Setting the LCD Backlight
(3169-20: SET UP 4/4, 3169-21: SET UP 4/5)

5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen

5
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the system setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to "BACKLIGHT."

OFF Set the LCD backlight using the function keys.

OFF

The backlight remains OFF.

ON

ON

The backlight remains ON.

AUTO

AUTO

The backlight is automatically turned OFF 5 minutes after the last key operation (Default).

The life of the backlight is approximately 50,000 hours.

94
5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen
5.5.5 Setting the Beep Sound

(3169-20: SET UP 4/4, 3169-21: SET UP 4/5)

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the system setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to "BEEP SOUND."

OFF Set the beep sound using the function keys.

ON

OFF The beep sound is not used.

ON The beep sound is used (Default).

95
5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen
5.5.6 Setting the ID No.
(3169-20: SET UP 4/4, 3169-21: SET UP 4/5)

5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen

5

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the system setting SCR screen.

Move the cursor to "ID."

(Cursor : Moves left to next digit; Cursor : Moves right to next

-

digit)

+

- Decrements the number.

+ Increments the number.

Setting range: 001 to 999 (Default: 001)

Set a number for the 3169-20/21 to identify the instrument. This ID No. is included in the setting data at the head of the stored data. The No. does not have to be set, if not necessary.

96
5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen
5.5.7 Setting the Clock

(3169-20: SET UP 4/4, 3169-21: SET UP 4/5)

NEXT SCR

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the system setting screen.
Move the cursor to "TIME AND DATE."

-

Set the date and time using the function keys.

+

- Decrements the number.

+ Increments the number.

UPDATE Press the F3 (UPDATE) key.

Set the clock using the time signal or other similar device before starting measurement.

97
5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen

5.5.8 Setting the Language

(3169-20: SET UP 4/4, 3169-21: SET UP 4/5)

5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen

5
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT SCR

Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the system setting screen.

Move the cursor to "LANGUAGE."

change

Press the F1 (change) key to display the selection window.
JAPANESE, ENGLISH, DEUTSCH (GERMAN), ITALIANO (ITALIAN), CHINESE SIMPLE,CHINESE TRAD, FRANCAIS (FRENCH), ESPANOL (SPANISH), KOREAN

Set the language for display using the cursor keys.

select Press the F1 (select) key.

98
5.5 Setting on the System Setting Screen
5.5.9 Displaying the Serial No. and Version
(3169-20: SET UP 4/4, 3169-21: SET UP 4/5)
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the system setting SCR screen.
The serial No. and version will appear at "SERIAL NUMBER."

99
6.1 Measuring the Voltage, Current, and Power (Instantaneous Values)

Measurement Method

6

Please read the Usage Notes (page 7) and Connecting to Lines to be Measured (page 37) before making connections.
6.1 Measuring the Voltage, Current, and Power (Instantaneous Values)

Indicates the item currently displayed
6

6.1 Measuring the Voltage, Current, and Power (Instantaneous Values)

Switches over to the screen for the data of another circuit (when multiple circuits are measured)
Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen.
SCREEN Press the F1 (SCREEN) key to display the selection window. Select "MAIN" using the cursor key.

select
INST. (AVE.) (MAX.) (MIN.)

Press the F1 (select) key to display the main screen.
Every time the F3 key is pressed, the item to be displayed changes as follows: "INST.""AVE.""MAX.""MIN."

100
6.1 Measuring the Voltage, Current, and Power (Instantaneous Values)
· When 3P3W2M is selected as the wiring method, U3 and I3 are obtained by vector calculation. See the Appendix (page 203).
· When 3P3W3M is selected, P1, P2, and P3 are data for reference purposes only.
· When 3P4W or 3P4W4I is selected, the voltage is obtained as the phase to neutral voltage.
· When multiple circuits are measured, use the F2 (CIRCUIT) key to display the data of other circuits.

101
6.2 Measuring the Power of Each Phase (Instantaneous values)
6.2 Measuring the Power of Each Phase (Instantaneous values)
Indicates the item currently displayed

Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen.

6

SCREEN Press the F1 (SCREEN) key to display the selection window.

Select "POWER" using the cursor key.

6.2 Measuring the Power of Each Phase (Instantaneous values)

select
INST. (AVE.) (MAX.) (MIN.)

Press the F1 (select) key to display the power display screen of each channel. Every time the F3 key is pressed, the item to be displayed
changes as follows: "INST.""AVE.""MAX.""MIN."

· When 3P3W2M is selected, the active power (P1, P2), reactive power (Q1, Q2), apparent power (S1, S2), and power factor
(PF1, PF2) of each channel are meaningless data. Use the total values of P, Q, S, and PF only. The data of each channel is used as reference data for checking the wiring.
· When 3P3W3M is selected, the active power (P1, P2, P3), reactive power (Q1, Q2, Q3), and apparent power (S1, S2, S3) of each channel are data for reference purposes only.
· When the reactive-power-meter method is OFF, the reactive power (Q1, Q2, Q3) and apparent power (S1, S2, S3) of each channel are obtained by calculation using the line to line volt-
age. · When multiple circuits are measured, use the F2 (CIRCUIT)
key to display the data of other circuits.

102
6.3 Displaying a Waveform
6.3 Displaying a Waveform
Display the voltage and current waveforms of a selected channel. Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen. SCREEN Press the F1 (SCREEN) key to display the selection window. Select "WAVEFORM" using the cursor key. select Press the F1 (select) key to display the waveform display screen.
· The voltage waveform in the 3P3W3M wiring system is the phase voltage waveform referring to a virtual neutral point.
· The waveform of U3 and I3 is not displayed on the screen in the 3P3W2M is set as the wiring method.

103
6.3 Displaying a Waveform
(1) Change the Channel to be Displayed.

CH Every time the F2 (CH) key is pressed, the channel to be displayed is changed as follows.

1P2W

U1, I1 U1, I1 U1, I1 U1, I1 Circuit1Circuit2Circuit3Circuit4

1P3W

U1, I1U2, I2U1, I1U2, I2 Circuit1Circuit1Circuit2Circuit2

3P3W2M

U1, I1 U2, I2 U1, I1 U2, I2 Circuit1Circuit1Circuit2Circuit2

3P3W3M

U1, I1 U2, I2 U3, I3

3P4W

U1, I1 U2, I2 U3, I3

3P4W4I

U1, I1 U2, I2 U3, I3 I4

6

(2) Change the Voltage Y-Axis Magnification.

MAG

U

Every time the F3 (MAG nification is changed as

U) key is follows:

pressed,

the

voltage

y-axis

mag-

X1/2X1X2X5X10

6.3 Displaying a Waveform

(3) Change the Current Y-Axis Magnification.
Every time the F4 (MAG I) key is pressed, the current y-axis magMAG I nification is changed as follows:
X1/2X1X2X5X10

104
6.4 Measuring the Average, Maximum, and Minimum Values
6.4 Measuring the Average, Maximum, and Minimum Values
Measures the average, maximum, and minimum values of the voltage, current, power, and harmonic Set the parameters on the measurement setting, data output setting, and save/print items setting screens.
5 Setting Procedure (page 59) NEXT SCR
Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen.
Press the START/STOP key to start measurement. When the timeseries measurement has started, the LED lights up, indicating that the 3169-20/21 is performing measurement. When the measurement start method is set to "Time" or "Just", the 3169-20/21 will stand by until the start time (the LED blinks) and start measurement at the start time.
Ending of Time-Series Measurement
The time-series measurement stops by the method set on the data-output setting screen. Press the START/STOP key to stop the measurement when the stoping method is set to manual, or stop it immediately in any other mode.
· If time-series measurement has been started by pressing the START/STOP key, the average, maximum, and minimum values will be displayed on the screen.
· The display shows the average, maximum, and minimum values of the measurements taken up to the current time from the start of time-series measurement.
· The pieces of data to be stored or printed out are the average, maximum, and minimum values of every interval.
· The average, maximum, and minimum values are not displayed for harmonic measurements.

105
6.4 Measuring the Average, Maximum, and Minimum Values
6.4.1 Displaying the Voltage, Current, and Power (Average, Maximum, and Minimum Values)
Indicates the item currently displayed

6.4 Measuring the Average, Maximum, and Minimum Values

Changes the circuit to display (when multiple circuits are measured).

6

SCREEN Press the F1 (SCREEN) key on the measurement screen to display the selection window. Select "MAIN" using the cursor key.

select
INST. (AVE.) (MAX.) (MIN.)

Press the F1 (select) key to display the main screen.
Every time the F3 key is pressed, the item to be displayed is changed as follows: "INST.""AVE.""MAX.""MIN."

When multiple circuits are measured, use the F2 (CIRCUIT) key to display the data of other circuits.

106
6.4 Measuring the Average, Maximum, and Minimum Values
6.4.2 Displaying the Average, Maximum, and Minimum Power Measurements of Each Phase
Indicates the item currently displayed

SCREEN

Press the F1 (SCREEN) key play the selection window.

on

the

measurement

screen

to

dis-

Select "POWER" using the cursor key.

select
INST. (AVE.) (MAX.) (MIN.)

Press the F1 (select) key to show the power display screen of
each channel. Every time the F3 key is pressed, the item to be displayed is
changed as follows: "INST.""AVE.""MAX.""MIN."

When multiple circuits are measured, use the F2 (CIRCUIT) key to display the data of other circuits.
6.2 Measuring the Power of Each Phase (Instantaneous values) (page
101)

107
6.5 Measuring Integrated power
6.5 Measuring Integrated power
Measures integrated power (Wh)

6.5 Measuring Integrated power

Changes the circuit to display

(when multiple circuits are measured).

6

NEXT SCR

Set the measurement start/stop methods, interval, medium for saving data, and data output items on the measurement setting,
data-output setting, and save/print items setting screens.
5 Setting Procedure (page 59)

Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen.

SCREEN Press the F1 (SCREEN) key to display the selection window. Select "INTEGRATE" using the cursor key.

select

Press the F1 (select) key to show the integrated power display screen.

Press the START/STOP key to start integrated power measurement.
· The display shows the total integrated power from the start of time-series measurement.
· When the reactive-power-meter method is OFF, the display does not show the lead (WQ-) values of the integrated reactive power.
· When multiple circuits are measured, use the F2 (CIRCUIT) key to display data of other circuits.

108
6.6 Performing Demand Measurement
6.6 Performing Demand Measurement
Performs demand measurement, which repeats integration measurement at every demand interval.

Changes the circuit to display (when multiple circuits are measured).

NEXT SCR

Set the measurement start/stop methods, interval, medium for
saving data, and data output items on the measurement setting, data-output setting, and save/print items setting screens.
5 Setting Procedure (page 59)

Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen.

SCREEN Press the F1 (SCREEN) key to display the selection window. Select "DEMAND" using the cursor key.

select Press the F1 (select) key to show the demand display screen. Press the START/STOP key to start demand measurement.

· The display shows the demand at every interval (previous
value), the integrated power within each interval (latest value), the maximum demand from the start of time-series measurement, and the time of occurrence.
· When the reactive-power-meter method is OFF, the display does not show the lead (WQ-) values of the integrated reactive power.
· When multiple circuits are measured, use the F2 (CIRCUIT) key to display data of other circuits.

109
6.7 Measuring Harmonic
6.7 Measuring Harmonic
6.7.1 Displaying a Harmonic List
Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen. SCREEN Press the F1 (SCREEN) key to display the selection window.
Select "HARMONIC LIST" using the cursor key. select Press the F1 (select) key to display the harmonic list display
screen.
6

6.7 Measuring Harmonic

 (1) Change the Channel to be
Displayed. (page 111)

 (2) Change the Order to be
Displayed. (page 111)

110
6.7 Measuring Harmonic

Harmonic level Harmonic content
Harmonic-voltage (current) phase angle
Harmonic-power phase angle

Level of each order of harmonic
Content of each order of harmonic as a percentage of the fundamental
Phase angle of each order of harmonic with respect to the phase of the fundamental component of U1
Power factor of each order of harmonic expressed as an angle

Harmonic-Voltage-Level List Screen

Harmonic level, Harmonic content, and phase-angle data of the specified order The order is changed using
of the cursor key.

Harmonic level Harmonic content Phase angle

Total value up to the 40th piece of data
Total harmonic distortion (THD-F or THD-R) * Not shown for power data
Frequency

111
6.7 Measuring Harmonic

(1) Change the Channel to be Displayed.

6.7 Measuring Harmonic

CH Press the F2 (CH) key to display the selection window.

6

1P2W

U1, I1, P

1P3W

U1, U2, I1, I2, P

3P3W2M U1, U2, U3, I1, I2, I3, P

3P3W3M U1, U2, U3, I1, I2, I3, P

3P4W

U1, U2, U3, I1, I2, I3, P

3P4W4I U1, U2, U3, I1, I2, I3, I4, P

*: When multiple circuits are set, I and P are followed by a circuit number. (Ex., I1_1, I1_2, P_1, P_2)

Select a channel to be displayed using the cursor key.

select Press the F1 (select) key.

(2) Change the Order to be Displayed.

ORDER

Every time the F4 (ORDER) key played is changed as follows:

is

pressed,

the

order

to

be

dis-

"1st to 20th" "21st to 40th"  "Odd order only"

If the harmonic order to be displayed is set to "odd order" on the system setting screen, "Order" is not shown on the screen above
F4.

112
6.7 Measuring Harmonic
6.7.2 Displaying a Harmonic Graph

Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen. SCREEN Press the F1 (SCREEN) key to display the selection window.
Select "HARMONIC GRAPH" using the cursor key.

select

Press the F1 (select) key to display the harmonic graph display screen.

 (1) Change the Channel to be  (2) Change the Item to be

Displayed. (page 115)

Displayed. (page 115)

113
6.7 Measuring Harmonic

Graphs of the harmonic level, content, and phase angle are available for the voltage, current, and power.

Harmonic level Harmonic content
Harmonic-voltage (current) phase angle
Harmonic-power phase angle

Level of each order of harmonic
Content of each order of harmonic as a percentage of the fundamental
Phase angle of each order of harmonic with respect to the phase of the fundamental component of U1
Power factor of each order of harmonic expressed as an angle

Harmonic-current-level graph screen

6.7 Measuring Harmonic

Cursor(Moved using
the cursor key)
Axis scale
(Linear axis or log axis)
Harmonic order

6 Harmonic level, content,
or phase-angle data in the cursor position
 (4) Move the Cursor. (page
116)

Harmonic-current phase-angle graph screen

 (3) Change the Axis Scale.
(page 116)

Lead Lag

Phase-angle data in the cursor position

114
6.7 Measuring Harmonic Phase-angle data for each order of harmonic

Outflow

Inflow

The order is changed using of the cursor key. The vector of the on-screen order is marked with "+" at its tip.

· In the event of inflow, an order of harmonic flows into the load. In the event of outflow, the harmonic flows out from the load.
· The length of the vector represents the ratio of the apparent
power of the order of harmonic as a percentage of the apparent power of the fundamental component. · The x-axis represents active power and the y-axis represents
reactive power. They are plotted on log axes. · When the reactive-power-meter method is turned ON on the
measurement setting screen, the harmonic-power phase angle
is expressed as a number between 0 and 180 degrees. When the reactive-power-meter method is OFF, the phase angle is
expressed as a number between 0 and 180 degrees.

115
6.7 Measuring Harmonic
(1) Change the Channel to be Displayed.

6.7 Measuring Harmonic

CH Press the F2 (CH) key to display the selection window.

1P2W

U1, I1, P

1P3W

U1, U2, I1, I2, P

6

3P3W2M U1, U2, U3, I1, I2, I3, P

3P3W3M U1, U2, U3, I1, I2, I3, P

3P4W

U1, U2, U3, I1, I2, I3, P

3P4W4I U1, U2, U3, I1, I2, I3, I4, P

*: When multiple circuits are set, I and P are followed by a circuit number. (Ex., I1_1, I1_2, P_1, P_2)

Select a channel to be displayed using the cursor key.

select Press the F1 (select) key.

(2) Change the Item to be Displayed.
ITEM Press the F3 (ITEM) key to display the selection window.
Level, Percentage, Phase angle
Select an item to be displayed using the cursor key.
select Press the F1 (select) key.

116
6.7 Measuring Harmonic
(3) Change the Axis Scale.
LIN/ Press the F4 (LIN/LOG) key to change the axis scale. LOG
· When the y-axis represents the linear scale (log scale), if the F4 (LIN/LOG) key is pressed, the scale is changed to log (linear).
· The full scale of the linear axis depends on the range.
(4) Move the Cursor.
Press / of the cursor key to move the cursor (dotted line) on the screen. The level of each order of harmonic, content, or phase angle at the cursor position is shown as a number.
(5) Change the Harmonic Order to be Displayed.
Select "All order" or "Odd order" as the harmonic order to be displayed.
5.5.2 Setting the Harmonic Order for Display (page 91)

117
6.8 Displaying on a Zoom Screen
6.8 Displaying on a Zoom Screen

Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen.

6

SCREEN Press the F1 (SCREEN) key to display the selection window.

Select "ZOOM" using the cursor key.

6.8 Displaying on a Zoom Screen

select Press the F1 (select) key.

Select an item to be changed using the cursor key.

ITEM

Press the F2 (ITEM) key to display the selection window. Select an item to be displayed using the cursor key.

select

Press the F1 (select) key to display the selected item on a zoom screen.

· Display on a zoom screen is available for the instantaneous value and integrated power in normal measurement only.
· On a zoom screen, the U RANGE and I RANGE keys are disabled.

118
6.9 Holding Displayed Measurement Data
6.9 Holding Displayed Measurement Data

HOLD

Lights up when the displayed measurement is held

When the F5 (HOLD) key is pressed on a measurement screen, the on-screen measurement data will be held. Pressing the F5 key again releases the Hold.
· The START/STOP key is disabled during Hold. · If the SAVE key is pressed for manual data storage during Hold,
the held instantaneous value is saved. · The automatic-output function during time-series measure-
ment outputs data of every interval, regardless of whether the Hold function is ON.

119
7.1 Types of Files
7 Loading and Saving Settings
and Measured Data

7.1 Types of Files

Types of Files

File

Mode

File Name Format

Remarks

Setting file

69SET00.SET to Text 69SET99.SET

########.SET

Measurement data Automatic Standard

file

output interval

69MEAS00.CSV Text to 69MEAS99.CSV

########.CSV

Short-term interval

69INST00.BIN to Binary 69INST99.BIN

########.BIN Manual (Not during time- 69MANU00.CSV Text

7

series measurement)

to

69MANU99.CSV

7.1 Types of Files

Waveform data file Automatic Standard output interval

69WAVE00.WUI Binary to 69WAVE99.WUI

########.WUI

Manual (Not during time- 69MANU00.WUI Binary

series measurement)

to

69MANU99.WUI

Backup data file

Automatic Standard

69BACK00.CSV Text

output interval

to

(measurement 69BACK99.CSV

data)

Stored in the interval memory only

Standard interval (waveform data)

69BACK00.WUI to Binary 69BACK99.WUI

Short-term interval (measurement data)

69BACK00.BIN to Binary 69BACK99.BIN

Screen copy file Manual

69BMP00.BMP to BMP 69BMP99.BMP

120
7.1 Types of Files
· ######## represents a file name set by a user. · The same file cannot be stored in both the PC card and the inter-
nal memory. · When the medium for saving data is set to PC card, if the PC
card is not installed or the 3169-20/21 fails to write data to the PC card, the data will be stored in the internal memory as a backup data file (automatic output data only). · The PC card and internal memory each hold up to 100 files: measurement data files, waveform data files, backup data files, and screen copy files. The PC card holds up to 10 setting files. The internal memory holds up to 5 setting files. · When reading a file in binary format into commercially available spreadsheet software, convert the file into a text file. The CD-R supplied with the 3169-20/21 contains the conversion software. · For the headers of measurement data, see the list in the "Appendix" (page 203).
Status Data (STATUS)
Status data is added to measurement data files (standard interval). Status data consists of a 10-bit binary number, as shown below. It indicates the occurrence of over-range, excessive input (excessive crest factor), power outage, or other situations that may occur during time-series measurement.
Bit bit9 bit8 bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bit1 bit0 Item PLL pd or ovI4 ovI3 ovI2 ovI1 ovU3 ovU2 ovU1
ov: Excessive input: The file contains data with an excessive crest factor. or: Over-range: The file contains data exceeding 130% of the range. pd: A power outage has occurred. PLL: PLL unlock: PLL unlock has occurred. For example, if a power outage occurred during time-series measurement, the status data will be shown as "0100000000."
The zero of the upper bit may not be indicated on commercially available spreadsheet software.

7.2 Using a PC Card

121
7.2 Using a PC Card

7.2.1 Selecting a PC Card
Use only PC Cards sold by HIOKI. Compatibility and performance are not guaranteed for PC cards made by other manufacturers. You may be unable to read from or save data to such cards. HIOKI options PC cards (includes adapter) · 9626 PC CARD 32M · 9627 PC CARD 64M · 9726 PC CARD 128M · 9727 PC CARD 256M · 9728 PC CARD 512M
7 · PC Cards should always be formatted before use (format the
Card within the instrument.) · When formatting a PC card on a PC, use the FAT or FAT-16 for-
mat. Formatting a card in FAT-32 format may result in incompatibility problems. · Do not handle Cards in dusty environments, or where caustic vapors may be present. The connector contacts can be fouled in such conditions. · 9729 PC Card 1G, 9830 PC Card 2G are not compatible with this instrument. · Some PC card drives are susceptible to static electricity. Exercise care when using such products because static electricity could damage the PC card drive or cause malfunction of the instrument. · With some PC card drives, the instrument may not start up if power is turned on while the PC card drive is inserted. In such a case, turn power on first, and then insert the PC card drive. It is recommended to try out operation with a PC card drive before starting to use it for actual measurements.

7.2 Using a PC Card

122
7.2 Using a PC Card
7.2.2 Inserting and Removing the PC Card
· The PC Card or the instrument can be damaged if the card is inserted forcefully in the wrong direction.
· Never eject a PC Card while it is being accessed by the instrument. Data on the PC Card may be lost.
· Keep the cover closed when a PC Card is not installed. · When the instrument is to be transported, remove the PC Card
and close the cover.

Inserting and Removing the PC Card Inserting the PC Card
Open the cover and insert the PC card with the arrow facing up and in the direction of the PC card slot, as far as it will go.

Removing the PC Card

Press the eject button and pull out the PC card.

7.3 File Operation

123
7.3 File Operation

Press the FILE key to display the file main screen.

INTERNAL SETTINGS

Loading, saving, deleting, and copying setting files in the internal memory

INTERNAL MEMORY

Formatting and copying the internal memory

7

PC CARD

Deleting files, loading and saving setting files on the PC card, and formatting the PC card

FIRMWARE UPDATE Upgrading the 3169-20/21

7.3 File Operation

The file list screen shows only the files with the same extension as that of the files used on the 3169-20/21.

124
7.3 File Operation

7.3.1

Initializing (Formatting) the Internal Memory
Use this function to delete files from the internal memory. In the internal memory, individual files cannot be deleted separately (except for setting files).

Press the FILE key to display the file main screen.

Move the cursor to "INTERNAL MEMORY."

SELECT

Press the screen.

F1

(SELECT)

key

to

display

the

internal

memory-file

list

FORMAT Press the F4 (FORMAT) key; a confirmation message will appear.

yes

Press the F1 (yes) key to start formatting.

*: While the memory is being formatted, the display shows the

message "Busy... Please wait." (The message disappears

upon completion of formatting.)

RETURN Press the F5 (RETURN) key to return to the file main screen.

· If the internal memory is formatted, all files in the memory will be deleted. The deleted files cannot be restored.
· Even if data is to be saved on the PC card, we recommend that the internal memory be formatted before time-series measurement is begun, in order to secure space in the memory for
backup files in case data fails to be saved on the PC card. If the internal memory is full, data unable to be saved on the PC card will not be backed up.

125
7.3 File Operation

7.3.2

Initializing (Formatting) the PC Card
The PC card must be formatted when it is used for the first time after purchase. In addition, format the PC card when all files on it are to be deleted.

Press the FILE key to display the file main screen.
Move the cursor to "PC CARD."
Press the F1 (SELECT) key to display the PC card-file list screen. SELECT

7

7.3 File Operation

If () is shown above the F4 key, use the F4 () key to change



the functions for the function keys.

FORMAT Press the F3 (FORMAT) key; a confirmation message will appear.

yes

Press the F1 (yes) key to start formatting. *: While the memory is being formatted, the display shows the

message "Busy... Please wait." (The message disappears

upon completion of formatting.)

RETURN Press the F5 (RETURN) key to return to the file main screen.

If the PC card is formatted, all files on the PC card will be deleted. The deleted files cannot be restored.

126
7.3 File Operation
7.3.3 Saving a Setting File
Save the current settings of the 3169-20/21 in the internal memory or on the PC card.
(1) Save in the Internal Memory.
Press the FILE key to display the file main screen.
Move the cursor to "INTERNAL SETTINGS."
Press the F1 (SELECT) key to display the internal setting-file list SELECT screen.


SET. SAVE

If () is shown above the F4 key, use the F4 () key to change the functions for the function keys.
Press the F1 (SET. SAVE) key to display the file-name input window. Set the file name using the cursor and function keys.

input BS enter

Cursor input BS

Select characters Inputs the selected character. Backspace (deletes the selected character)

Press the F3 (enter) key to save the setting file in the internal memory.

RETURN Press the F5 (RETURN) key to return to the file main screen.

· The extension for setting files is ".SET" (the extension is added automatically).
· If the F3 (enter) key is pressed without setting a file name, the
3169-20/21 automatically names the file. "69SETXX.SET" (XX: 00 to 99) · The internal memory holds up to 5 setting files.

(2) Save on the PC Card.

127
7.3 File Operation

Press the FILE key to display the file main screen.
Move the cursor to "PC CARD."
Press the F1 (SELECT) key to display the PC card-file list screen. SELECT


SET. SAVE

If () is shown above the F4 key, use the F4 () key to change the

functions for the function keys.

7

Press the F1 (SET. SAVE) key to display the file-name input win-

dow.

7.3 File Operation

Set the file name using the cursor and function keys.

input BS

Cursor input BS

Select characters Inputs the selected character. Backspace (deletes the selected character)

enter Press the F3 (enter) key to save the setting file in the PC card. RETURN Press the F5 (RETURN) key to return to the file main screen.

· The extension for setting files is ".SET" (the extension is added automatically).
· If the F3 (enter) key is pressed without setting a file name, the
3169-20/21 automatically names the file. "69SETXX.SET" (XX: 00 to 99) · The PC card holds up to 5 setting files.

128
7.3 File Operation
7.3.4 Loading a Setting File
Load a setting file on the PC card or in the internal memory into the 3169-20/21, and set the instrument with the settings.
(1) Load a File in the Internal Memory.
Press the FILE key to display the file main screen. Move the cursor to "INTERNAL SETTINGS." Press the F1 (SELECT) key to display the internal setting-file list SELECT screen.

If () is shown above the F4 key, use the F4 () key to change



the functions for the function keys.

Select a file to be load using the cursor key.

LOAD yes

Press the F2 (LOAD) key; a confirmation message will appear.
Press the F1 (yes) key to load the setting file in the internal memory.

Press the F5 (RETURN) key to return to the file main screen. RETURN

Files cannot be load during time-series measurement.

(2) Load a File on the PC Card.

129
7.3 File Operation

Press the FILE key to display the file main screen.

Move the cursor to "PC CARD."
Press the F1 (SELECT) key to display the PC card-file list SELECT screen.



If () is shown above the F4 key, use the F4 () key to change the functions for the function keys.

7

Select a file to be load using the cursor key.

7.3 File Operation

LOAD Press the F2 (LOAD) key; a confirmation message will appear.

yes

Press the F1 (yes) key to load the setting file on the PC card.

Press the F5 (RETURN) key to return to the file main screen. RETURN

Files cannot be load during time-series measurement.

130
7.3 File Operation
7.3.5 Deleting a File (1) Delete a Setting File from the Internal Memory.
Press the FILE key to display the file main screen. Move the cursor to "INTERNAL SETTNGS." Press the F1 (SELECT) key to display the internal setting-file list SELECT screen.

If () is shown above the F4 key, use the F4 () key to change



the functions for the function keys.

Select a file to be deleted from the file list.

SELECT SELECT ALL

Select one file. Select all files.

ALL (the selected file will be marked with an asterisk "*" to its left)



Use the F4 () key to change the functions for the function keys.

DELETE Press the F3 (DELETE) key; a confirmation message will appear.

yes

Press the F1 (yes) key to delete the selected file.

RETURN Press the F5 (RETURN) key to return to the file main screen.

While the cursor is on the selected file, if the F1 (SELECT) or F2 (ALL) key is pressed again, the selection is canceled.

(2) Delete a File from the PC Card.

131
7.3 File Operation

Press the FILE key to display the file main screen. Move the cursor to "PC CARD." Press the F1 (SELECT) key to display the PC card-file list screen.



If () is shown above the F4 key, use the F4 () key to change the functions for the function keys.

7

Select a file to be deleted from the file list.

7.3 File Operation

SELECT

SELECT ALL

Select one file. Select all files.

ALL (the selected file will be marked with an asterisk "*" to its left)

DELETE Press the F3 (DELETE) key; a confirmation message will appear.

yes

Press the F1 (yes) key to delete the selected file.

RETURN Press the F5 (RETURN) key to return to the file main screen. While the cursor is on the selected file, if the F1 (SELECT) or F2 (ALL) key is pressed again, the selection is canceled.

132
7.3 File Operation
7.3.6 Copying a File in the Internal Memory to a PC Card
Press the FILE key to display the file main screen.
Move the cursor to "INTERNAL MEMORY." Press the F1 (SELECT) key to display the internal memory-file list SELECT screen.

Select a file to be copied from the file list.

SELECT

SELECT ALL

Select one file. Select all files.

ALL (the selected file will be marked with an asterisk "*" to its left)

COPY Press the F3 (COPY) key. A confirmation message will appear.

yes

Press the F1 (yes) key to copy the selected file in the interval memory to the PC card.

RETURN Press the F5 (RETURN) key to return to the file main screen.

· While the cursor is on the selected file, if the F1 (SELECT) or F2 (ALL) key is pressed again, the selection is canceled.s
· If the same file name exists on the PC card, the file on the PC card will be overwritten.

133
7.4 Saving Measurement Data
7.4 Saving Measurement Data

7.4.1 Automatic Storage of Measurement Data

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT SCR

Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data-output setting screen.
Set the time-series measurement start method, stop method, interval, data-output file name, and medium for saving data (PC card or internal memory (1 MB)).
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT) (page 72)

7

7.4 Saving Measurement Data

134
7.4 Saving Measurement Data

NEXT SCR

Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the save/print items setting screen. Set the items to be stored.
5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)
(page 83)

Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen.
Press the START/STOP key to start time-series measurement. Measurement data is saved in the set medium for saving data at every interval.

135
7.4 Saving Measurement Data
Storable Data According to Interval Setting

Interval setting
1/2/5/10/15/30/60 minutes
1/2/5/10/15/30 seconds
All wave/100/200/ 500 ms

Normal measurement
data
Yes

Integrated power/demand measurement
data
Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

(Instantaneous values only)

No

Binary data

Harmonic measurement
data
Yes
No
No

Storable Time

All Normal Measurement Items ON and Integrated power/Demand ON

Wiring

1P2W X 4

1P3W X 2

3P3W2M X 2

3P3W3M, 3P4W

3P4W4I

No. of Data Items

160

180

196

118

122

7.4 Saving Measurement Data

PC card 512 MB Interval time

7

1 minute

180 days 160 days 150 days 250 days 240 days

2 minutes

1 year 320 days 300 days 1 year 1 year

5 minutes

1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year

10 minutes

1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year

15 minutes

1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year

30 minutes

1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year

60 minutes

1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year

Internal memory Interval time 1 minutes 2 minutes 5 minutes
10 minutes 15 minutes 30 minutes 60 minutes

9 hours 18 hours 1 day and 21 hours 3 days 5 days 11 days 22 days

8 hours 16 hours 1 day and 16 hours 3 days 4 days 9 days 19 days

7 hours 12 hours 11 hours 14 hours 24 hours 23 hours 1 day and 2 days and 2 days and 12 hours 13 hours 11 hours 3 days 5 days 4 days 4 days 7 days 7 days 9 days 15 days 14 days 18 days 30 days 29 days

All Normal Measurement Items ON and Integrated power/Demand ON, All Harmonic Items ON (Interval: 1 minute)

Wiring

1P2W X 4

1P3W X 2

3P3W2M X 2

3P3W3M, 3P4W

3P4W4I

No. of Data Items 4536

4076

5556

3530

4022

PC card 512 MB 6 days 6 days 5 days 7 days 6 days

Internal memory 16 minutes 19 minutes 13 minutes 22 minutes 19 minutes

136
7.4 Saving Measurement Data

All Normal Measurement Items ON and Integrated power/Demand ON, All Harmonic Items OFF (Interval: 1 second)

Wiring

1P2W X 4 1P3W X 2

3P3W2M X 2

3P3W3M, 3P4W

3P4W4I

No. of Data Items 160

180

196

118

122

PC card 512MB

3 days and 2 days and 2 days and 4 days and 4 days and 2 hours 18 hours 12 hours 5 hours 1 hour

Internal memory 9 minutes 8 minutes 7 minutes 12 minutes 11 minutes

Normal Measurement Instantaneous Value Only

Wiring

1P2W X 4

1P3W X 2

3P3W2M X 2

3P3W3M, 3P4W

No. of Data Items 25

18

21

14

3P4W4I 15

PC card 512 MB

Interval time All wave

19 hours

100ms

4 days and

200ms 500ms

23 hours 5 days 12 days

24 hours
6 days
6 days 16 days

22 hours 1 day and 6 1 day and hours 4 hours
5 days 7 days 7 days
5 days 7 days 7 days 14 days 19 days 18 days

Internal memory Interval time All wave 100ms 200ms 500ms

2 minutes 3 minutes 2 minutes 3 minutes 3 minutes 14 minutes 18 minutes 16 minutes 22 minutes 21 minutes 29 minutes 37 minutes 33 minutes 45 minutes 43 minutes
1 hours 1 hours 1 hours 1 hours 1 hours and 12 and 34 and 24 and 54 and 49 minutes minutes minutes minutes minutes

· Short-term interval (All wave/100 ms/200 ms/500 ms) data and harmonic waveform data are saved in binary format files. Binary format files must be converted to text files to be read into commercially available spreadsheet software. The conversion software is provided in the supplied CD-R.
· If the number of output-data items on the save/print items setting screen exceeds 256, it may not be possible to read all data into commercially available spreadsheet software. Make sure that the number of output-data items does not exceed 256 when they are to be read into such spreadsheet software.
· The longest measurement period of this unit is one year. The instrument will automatically stop time-series measurement when one year has elapsed since the start of the timeseries measurement.

137
7.4 Saving Measurement Data
7.4.2 Saving Measurement Data Manually
Save instantaneous data manually.

NEXT SCR

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data-output setting screen. Set the medium for saving data (PC card or internal memory (1 MB)).
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT) (page 72)

7

7.4 Saving Measurement Data

138
7.4 Saving Measurement Data

NEXT SCR

Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the save/print items setting screen. To output harmonic measurement data, set the items to be stored on the harmonic-measurement detail setting screen.
5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)
(page 83)

Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen.
Press the SAVE key to save the measurement data manually.
· Data cannot be saved manually during time-series measurement.
· The files are named automatically. Measurement data: 69MANUXX.CSV (XX: 00 to 99) Waveform data: 69MANUXX.WUI (XX: 00 to 99) binary data
· The instantaneous values are saved regardless of the ON/OFF setting of the instantaneous, average, maximum, and minimum values on the save/print items setting screen. In the case of harmonic measurement data, the instantaneous data of the items selected on the save/print items setting screen are saved.

139
7.5 Copying Screen

7.5 Copying Screen
Copy the screen onto the PC card or to internal memory.

NEXT SCR

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data-output setting screen.

7.5 Copying Screen

Move the cursor to "DISPLAY COPY."

7

CARD Set the medium for copying the screen using the function keys. PC CARD Save on the PC card.
MEMORY MEMORY Save in the internal memory (1 MB).

5.3.7 Setting the Medium to which the Screen is to be Copied (page 82)
Display a screen to be copied.

Press the COPY key to save the screen currently on display.

140
7.5 Copying Screen

141

Using a Printer

8

· To avoid damaging the instrument and printer, do not connect and disconnect the connectors when the power is on.
· As much as possible, avoid printing in hot and humid environments. Otherwise, printer life may be severely shortened.

The instrument can produce hard
copies of the screen and print measurement data on the Model 9442 PRINTER connected to the RS-
232C interface.

9442 PRINTER (option)

The following items are required to use the 9442 PRINTER.

8

· 9442 PRINTER

(with 1 roll of thermally sensitized paper supplied)

· 9443-02 AC ADAPTER (AC230 V, 50 Hz)

· 9443-03 AC ADAPTER (AC120 V, 60 Hz)

· 1196 RECORDING PAPER

(thermally sensitized paper 112 x 25 m, 10 rolls)

· 9721 RS-232C CABLE (for printer)

· For printer handling, see the operations manual for the printer. · Use 1196 RECORDING PAPER or the equivalent for the
printer.

142
8.1 Connecting the Printer
8.1 Connecting the Printer

Connecting the 9442 PRINTER to the 3169-20/21
Required for connection: 9721 RS-232C CABLE

1
2
9721 RS-232C CABLE
3 Power ON

9443-03 AC ADAPTER
1. Connect the 9443-02/03 AC ADAPTER to the 9442 PRINTER.
2. Connect the RS-232C connector of the 3169-20/21 and the serial connector of the printer using the 9721 RS-232C CABLE.
3. Turn the instrument and printer on.

Setting the 9442 PRINTER

143
8.1 Connecting the Printer

The 9442 printer is factory-set for use with the 3166 or 3169-20/21 CLAMP ON POWER HiTESTER. When the printer is used with the 3169-20/21, it is not necessary to edit the settings. The software DIP switches of the 9442 printer are set as shown below. For the DIP-switch setting procedure, see the DPU-414 operations manual supplied with the 9442 printer.
(1) Software DIP SW1

8.1 Connecting the Printer

Switch No. 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8

Setting OFF ON ON OFF
ON OFF ON ON

Function

ON

OFF

Input method

Parallel

Serial

Printing speed

High speed Low speed

Auto-loading

Enabled

Disabled

CR function

Carriage return Carriage return and line feed

Setting command

Enabled

Disabled

Printing density selection 100%

(2) Software DIP SW2

Switch No.

Setting

Function

ON

OFF

1

ON

Printing mode Normal printing Condensed

(40 columns) printing (80 col-

umns)

2

ON User-defined charac- Enabled ter backup

Disabled

8

3

ON

Character type

Ordinary

Special

4

ON

Zero font

0



5

ON Japanese - International Character Set

6

ON

7

ON

8

ON

The 3169-20/21 automatically turns off the printing-mode switch (condensed printing).

(3) Software DIP SW3

Switch No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Setting ON ON ON OFF OFF ON ON ON

Function Data bit length
Parity Parity condition
Flow control Baud rate: 9600 bps

ON 8 bits Without Odd H/W BUSY

OFF 7 bits With Even XON/XOFF

144
8.2 Setting the Printer
8.2 Setting the Printer
8.2.1 Setting the Device to Be Connected to the RS232C

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.

NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data-output setting SCR screen.

Move the cursor to "RS CONNECTION."

PRINTER

Press the F2 (PRINTER) the RS-232C to printer.

key

to

set

the

device

to

be

connected

to

· The device to be connected to the RS-232C is set to the PC by default.
· When the interval is set to 30 seconds or less, measurement
data cannot be output to a printer. · To output measurement data to a printer automatically, set the
interval to 1 minute or more.

8.2.2 Setting the RS-232C

145
8.2 Setting the Printer

8.2 Setting the Printer

NEXT SCR

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the system setting screen.

Move the cursor to "RS-232C."

Set the following using the function keys.

Setting Item Presets

BAUD RATE TERMINATOR

9600 bps CR+LF

8

FLOW CONTROL XON/XOFF

5.5.3 Setting the RS-232C (page 92)

146
8.3 Automatic Output of Measurement Data to the Printer
8.3 Automatic Output of Measurement Data to the Printer

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. Set the printer.
8.2 Setting the Printer (page 144)

NEXT SCR

Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data-output setting screen.
Set the time-series measurement start/stop methods and interval.
5.3 Setting on the Data Output Setting Screen (DATA OUTPUT) (page 72)

147
8.3 Automatic Output of Measurement Data to the Printer

NEXT SCR

Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the save/print items setting screen. Set the items to be printed out.
5.4 Setting on the Save/Print Items Setting Screen (SAVE, PRINT ITEMS)
(page 83)

8.3 Automatic Output of Measurement Data to the Printer

Press the MEASURE key to display the measurement screen.
Press the START/STOP key to start time-series measurement. Measurement data will be printed out on the printer at every interval.
· When the interval is set to 30 seconds or less, data cannot be output to the printer automatically.
8 · If many items are set to be printed, printing may not be completed within the interval. If many items are set to print, printing may not be completed within the interval. In this case, the interval data outputted when the buffer memory (about 28KB) of the printer is full is not printed.

148
8.4 Copying a Screen to the Printer
8.4 Copying a Screen to the Printer
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. Set the printer.
8.2 Setting the Printer (page 144)
NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data-output setting SCR screen.
Move the cursor to "DISPLAY COPY." PRINTER Press the F3 (PRINTER) key.
5.3.7 Setting the Medium to which the Screen is to be Copied (page 82) Display a screen to be copied.
Press the COPY key to print out the screen currently on display.

149
9 Using the Instrument with a
Computer
The 3169-20/21 includes an RS232C interface as standard equipment. Using the RS-232C interface, settings of the 3169-20/21 can be made and measurement data can be acquired on a PC. This chapter explains how to connect the 316920/21 to a PC. For details including communications commands, see the RS-232C instruction manual (CD-R version).
For communications using the RS-232C interface, the optional 9612 RS-232C cable is required.
9

150
9.1 RS-232C Connection
9.1 RS-232C Connection
· To avoid electric shock, always remove the power cord from the instrument and disconnect any test leads before connecting the RS-232C cable to the instrument.
· The instrument and modem should be turned off before connecting them.
· Do not connect or disconnect the cable with power on. Otherwise, the devices could be damaged.
Align the 9612 RS-232C cable with the connector of the 3169-20/21, and insert the cable straight in. To prevent damage and contact failure, do not exert excessive force on the cable.
· Always tighten the screws when connecting the RS-232C cable.
· If the connector of the PC is not a D-sub9-pin connector, use a commercially available conversion adapter.

151
9.1 RS-232C Connection

Connection to the PC to the 3169-20/21
To connect the 3169-20/21 to a PC, you need the optional 9612 RS-232C cable. The 9612 RS-232C cable is a cross cable.
1. Turn off the power to the 3169-20/ 21 and the PC.
2. Using the 9612 RS-232C cable, connect the RS-232C connectors of the 3169-20/21 to the PC.

9.1 RS-232C Connection

9612 RS-232C CABLE (cross cable)

CCITT

EIA

JIS

Pin

Functions

Signal Name

Circuit No. Code Addr. Code Addr.

2

Receive Data

104

BB

RD

RxD

3

Send Data

103

BA

SD

TxD

RS-232C

5

Signal Ground

102

AB

SG

GND

connector

7

Request to Send

105

CA

RS

RTS

8

Clear to Send

106

CB

CS

CTS

9

152
9.2 Setting the RS-232C

9.2 Setting the RS-232C
Set the RS-232C. For communications between the 3169-20/21 and the PC, the 3169-20/21 must have the same RS-232C settings as those of the PC.

NEXT SCR

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the data-output setting screen.

Move the cursor to "RS CONNECTION."
Press the F1 (PC) key to set the device to be connected to the RSPC 232C to PC.

153
9.2 Setting the RS-232C
NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the system setting SCR screen.

9.2 Setting the RS-232C

Move the cursor to an RS-232C setting item to be changed. Set the RS-232C setting items.

Setting Item

Presets

BAUD RATE

2400, 9600, 19200, 38400 bps

TERMINATOR CR+LF, CR

FLOW CONTROL OFF, XON/XOFF, RTS/CTS, Both

· In the event of an over-run error or framing error, select a lower
9 baud rate.
· Do not edit the settings during communications with the 316920/21.
5.5.3 Setting the RS-232C (page 92)

154
9.2 Setting the RS-232C

155
10.1 Connecting the External Input/Output Terminal

Using the External Input/Output Terminal

10

The external input/output terminal uses 0/5-V logic signals or short/ open contact signals to control the 3169-20/21. For connection, the optional 9440 cable is required.
10.1 Connecting the External Input/Output Terminal

10.1 Connecting the External Input/Output Terminal

Connecting the External Input/Output Terminal
Insert the 9440 connection cable into the external input/output terminal (EXIT I/O), aligning the connector guide grooves (the connector is equipped with a lock). When removing the connection cable, hold it by the plastic part.
9440 CONNECTION CABLE

Pin No.

Signal Name

9440 Cable Color

1

Start/stop (input)

Red

2

--

White

3

Status (output)

Black

External input/output

4

Data storage (input)

Yellow

connector (EXT I/O)

5

Ground (common)

Blue

10

A plastic connector is used for the connection cable. Do not
insert it into the terminal without aligning the guide grooves or pull it without releasing the lock, to prevent damage to the connector.

156 Quick Start Manual
10.2 Functions of the External Input/Output Terminal
10.2 Functions of the External Input/Output Terminal

To prevent damage to the 3169-20/21, do not input to the input terminal a voltage beyond the range -0.5 V to +5.5 V.
· The external I/O functions will not operate properly if a signal with noise or chattering is input.
· The external I/O functions are enabled even when the keys are locked.
Input Terminal
+5 V

Input terminal GND

100 

10 k 0.1 F

An 0/5-V logic signal or short/open contact signal is used for control.

157
10.2 Functions of the External Input/Output Terminal
(1) Start/Stop of Time-Series Measurement
Open (High level)Short (low level): Starts measurement Short (Low level) Open (high level): Stops measurement

5 V (open)

600 ms or more

0 V (short)

Start

Stop

10.2 Functions of the External Input/Output Terminal

There is lag of approximately 600 ms from when the measure-
ment start signal is input until the 3169-20/21 starts measurement.

(2) Data Storage into the Selected Medium
Saves measurement data manually on the PC card or in the internal memory, whichever is selected as the medium for saving data Short (low level): Manual storage

5 V (open)

100 ms or more

0 V (short) Data storage begins during this period.

Input-voltage range: High level: 2.5 V to 5.0 V

Low level: 0 V to 1.0 V

Maximum input voltage: -0.5 to 5.5 V

10

· This function is disabled during time-series measurement. · The function does not operate properly if the pulse is less than
100 ms.

158 Quick Start Manual
10.2 Functions of the External Input/Output Terminal
Output terminal
+5 V 10 k
Output terminal GND

Status Output
Outputs a status signal indicating that the 3169-20/21 is performing time-series measurement. During time-series measurement: Short (low level) Status other than time-series measurement: Open (high level)
· When the 3169-20/21 is standing by for measurement, it is treated as status other than time-series measurement.
· The lag of a signal is approximately 600 ms.

Output signal:

Open-collector output (with voltage out-

put)

Output-voltage range: High level: 4.5 V to 5.0 V

Low level: 0 V to 0.5 V

Maximum input voltage: 0 to 30 V, 50 mAmax., 200 mWmax.

159
10.3 Controlling Multiple Units of the 3169-20/21
10.3 Controlling Multiple Units of the 3169-20/21

When using multiple units of the 3169-20/21, their start/stop of
time-series measurement may be synchronized using the external I/O terminal.

Control Parallel

3169 No.1

3169 No.2

3169 No.3

10.3 Controlling Multiple Units of the 3169-20/21

Control signal

Master-Slave Connection

Master unit

Slave unit 1

Slave unit 2

10

The slave units start time-series measurement, synchronized with the time-series measurement start signal output from the master unit.

160 Quick Start Manual
10.3 Controlling Multiple Units of the 3169-20/21

161
11.1 Connecting the D/A Output Terminal

Using D/A Output (3169-21 only)

11

When the D/A output function is used, measurement data such as the voltage, current, and power is output in analog (D/A) form.
11.1 Connecting the D/A Output Terminal

To avoid electrocution, turn off the power to all devices before pluggingor unplugging any of the D/A output connectors.

· To prevent damage to the instrument, never connect or disconnect the connector with the power on (the D/A output is insulated from the voltage input and current input).
· Four output channels are available. Exercise great care when handling, as these channels are not insulated from each other.
· Use the optional 9441 connection cable.
· To prevent damage to the 3169-20/21, do not short-circuit the output terminal or input a voltage.

11.1 Connecting the D/A Output Terminal

11

162
11.1 Connecting the D/A Output Terminal

Connection to the D/A Output Terminal

Insert the 9441 CONNECTION CABLE into the D/A output terminal, aligning the connector guide grooves (the connector is equipped with a lock). When removing the connection cable, hold it by its plastic part.

9441 CONNECTION CABLE

D/A output connector (D/A OUT)

Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Signal Name D/A output ch1 D/A output ch2 D/A output ch3 D/A output ch4
Ground Ground Ground Ground

9441 Cable Color Red White Black
Yellow Blue Green Brown Gray

· Pins 5 to 8 are common ground pins. · A plastic connector is used for the connection cable. To pre-
vent damage to the connector, do not insert it into the terminal without aligning the guide grooves, and do not pull it without releasing the lock. · The output resistance of the output terminal is approximately 100 . Make sure a recorder or other device to be connected
to the terminal has an input resistance of 100 k or more.

11.2 Setting D/A Output

163
11.2 Setting D/A Output

11.2.1 Setting D/A Output Items
Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen. NEXT Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the D/A output setting SCR screen. (SET UP 5/5)

11.2 Setting D/A Output

Move the cursor to the item to be changed.
change Press the F1 (change) key to display the selection window. Select an item to be changed out of the selection list* using the cursor key.
select Press the F1 (select) key.
11

164
11.2 Setting D/A Output

*: Selection List

Type

Item

Order

Power

Voltage

--

(U1,U2,U3,Uave)

Current (I1,I2,I3,I4,Iave)

Power (P,Q,S) Power factor (PF)

Frequency (f)

Integrated power (WP+,WP-,

WQ+,WQ-)

Harmonic level Voltage (U1,U2,U3) 1 to 40

Current (I1,I2,I3,I4)

Power (P)

Harmonic content

Voltage (U1,U2,U3) 1 to 40 Current (I1,I2,I3,I4)

Power (P)

Harmonic

Voltage (U1,U2,U3) 1 to 40

phase angles Current (I1,I2,I3,I4)

Power (P)

Total value Voltage (U1,U2,U3) --

Current (I1,I2,I3,I4)

Power (P)

THD-F or

Voltage (U1,U2,U3) --

THD-R

Current (I1,I2,I3,I4)

Magnification 1
1,10,100 1,10,100 1 1 1

When multiple circuits are measured, the items for each circuit can be set separately. The items will be followed by a circuit No. (for example, I1_1, I1_2, P_1, P_2).

· The selectable items vary depending on the wiring method.
· The output rate will be DC5 Vf.s. · The full-scale ranges vary depending on the setting of "Magni-
fication" of "Harmonic level." 5-A Range

Magnification 1 10
100

Full-Scale Output 5 A 0.5 A
0.05 A

· The full-scale output (DC 5 V) varies as shown below, depending on the setting of "Magnification" of "Harmonic content."

Magnification 1 10
100

Full-Scale Output 100% 10% 1%

165
11.2 Setting D/A Output

11.2.2 Setting the Integrated Power Output Rate
Set the output rate when integrated power is output from the D/A terminal. The output rate will be DC 5 V with respect to the set full scale of integrated power. Select an integration output rate using the cursor keys.

NEXT SCR

Press the SET UP key to display the setting screen.
Press the F5 (NEXT SCR) key to display the D/A output setting screen. (SET UP 5/5)

11.2 Setting D/A Output

Move the cursor to "INTEG. OUTPUT RATE."
change Press the F1 (change) key to display the selection window. 5V/1kWh,5V/5kWh (default),5V/10kWh,5V/50kWh,5V/100kWh,
5V/500kWh,5V/1MWh
Select integration output rate using the cursor key.
select Press the F1 (select) key.
11

166
11.3 Response of Output
11.3 Response of Output
The 3169-20/21 continuously performs calculation in every cycle. (However, during harmonic measurement, calculation is performed after every 16 cycles.) D/A output is also updated in this cycle. Therefore, the output reflects even transient changes in input waveforms, such as the inrush current.
Normal Measurement Data
Output is updated every cycle (50 Hz: approx. 20 msec; 60 Hz: approx. 17 msec).
Calculation period (1 cycle)
Input
D/A output Time
Although the output is updated every cycle, there is a lag of 2 to 3 cycles between the input of a waveform and the D/A output.

167
11.3 Response of Output
Harmonic Measurement Data

Output is updated every 16 cycles (50 Hz: approx. 320 msec; 60 Hz: approx. 270 msec).

Calculation period (1 cycle)

16 cycles

16 cycles

16 cycles

Input

D/A output
Time
The changed settings for D/A output items become effective when the screen is returned to the measurement screen.

11.3 Response of Output

11

168
11.4 Output Waveform
11.4 Output Waveform
The format of output waveforms varies depending on the D/A output item. Use the following examples as a guide.
· The output rate will be DC5 Vf.s. · In the event of over-range on the plus side, the D/A terminal
outputs approximately 6.6 V. In the event of over-range on the minus side, it outputs approximately -6.6 V. · Please refer to 13.3 Range Configuration and Accuracy by Clamp-On-Sensor (page 188) on f.s. of the power range. · If the integrated power measurement increases constantly, the output voltage returns to 0 V when it reaches the set full scale, and then the output begins to rise again (the output is recorded as a sawtooth waveform). · When the VT and CT ratios are set to a number other than 1, the full scale of the range will be the product of the full scale multiplied by the scaling value. · The D/A output is updated regardless of whether the on-screen measurement data is held.

Regeneration

Consumption

Active Power

LEAD

LAG

Reactive Power

Apparent Power

LEAD

LAG

Power Factor

3.5 V 2 V
Frequency

169
11.4 Output Waveform
The D/A terminal outputs approximately 6.6V at the frequency other than between 40 and 70 Hz.

11.4 Output Waveform

* The active power is constantly increasing in increments of 5 kW. Elapsed time
Time-series measurement starts. * The unit of kvarh is used for integrated reactive power.
11

Outflow

Inflow

Harmonic Power Level (magnification: 1)

Outflow

Inflow

Harmonic Power Level (magnification: 10)

170
11.4 Output Waveform

Outflow

Inflow

Harmonic Power Level (magnification: 100)

Outflow

Inflow

Harmonic Power Content
(magnification: 1)

Outflow

Inflow

Harmonic Power Percentage Content
(magnification: 10)

Outflow

Inflow

Harmonic Power Content

(magnification: 100)

LEAD

LAG

Harmonic Voltage (Current) Phase Angles

Outflow

Inflow

Outflow

Harmonic Power Phase Angles

171
11.4 Output Waveform

Regeneration

Consumption

Total Power Value

Total Harmonic Distortion Factor (THD-F, THD-R)

· The harmonic voltage, the current level, voltage and the current content are not output in negative numbers.
· The harmonic voltage and the current phase angle are based
on the phase of the fundamental of the PLL synchronization source, U1. · The phase angle of harmonic power is the power factor of each order of harmonic expressed as an angle.
· The total voltage (current) is not output in negative numbers.

11.4 Output Waveform

11

173
12 Operations in the Event of
Power Outage
A power-supply outage of the 3169-20/21 may occur for various reasons during measurement. Such an outage will stop the measurement operation, but the 3169-20/21 has a function for backing up the measurement data and settings made prior to the outage.
Clock
Continues to run
Settings
All settings are retained. Measurement data The maximum, minimum, and average values and integrated power measurements taken up to the outage are retained. The demand value at the demand time (i.e., the penultimate time before the outage) is retained. When time-series measurement is performed at a short-term intervals (all wave/100 ms/200 ms/500 ms), the data obtained up until 10 seconds prior to the outage is retained.
12

174

Operations after Reset

Model 3169-20/ Model 3169-21

Outage during standby state · If the instrument is reset before the set time-
series measurement start time, the instrument returns to the standby state. It starts time-series measurement at the set start
time. · If the instrument is reset after the set time-
series measurement start time, the instru-
ment starts time-series measurement at the next interval time.

Outage during time-series measurement · The time-series measurement is suspended
during the outage. After the instrument is
reset, it performs time-series measurement for the remaining time. The measurements during the outage will be treated as "0."

PC Card/

· If a power outage occurs while the memory is

Internal Memory being accessed, the data being saved may

be lost or, in the worst case, the file may be

broken. If the outage occurs during time-

series measurement, the outage time and

reset time will be saved after the reset.

· If the memory is not accessed during the out-

age and the outage occurs during time-series

measurement, the outage time and reset time

will be saved after the reset.

Printer

If a power outage occurs during printing, the printer stops printing immediately (except when
the printer is operating on battery power).

Specifications

175
13.1 General Specification
13

13.1 General Specification

The specifications below apply to the 3169-20/21 CLAMP ON POWER HiTESTER.

Environmental and Safety Specifications

Operating environment Storage temperature and humidity Operating temperature and humidity Dielectric strength (50/60 Hz for 1 minute)
Power supply
Maximum rated power Dimensions Mass Standards applying

Indoors, < 2000 m ASL (6562-ft.) -10°C to 50°C (-14°F to 122°F), 80% RH or less (no condensation)

0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F), 80% RH or less (non-condensating)

7.06 kVrms (current sensitivity 1 mA) Between voltage input terminals and instrument case
4.29 kVrms (current sensitivity 1 mA) Between voltage input terminals and current input terminals, between external interface terminals
3 kVrms (current sensitivity 1 mA) Between power supply and instrument case
1.62 kVrms (current sensitivity 10 mA) Between power supply and current input terminals, between external interface terminals
Rated power supply voltage: AC100 to 240 V Rated power supply frequency: 50/60 Hz (Voltage fluctuations of ±10% from the rated supply voltage are taken into account.)
30 VA

Approx. 210W X 160H X 60D mm (not including protrusions) (8.27"W X 6.30"H X 2.36"D)
Approx. 1.2 kg (3169-20/21) (42.3 oz.)

Safety EMC

EN61010 Pollution Degree 2, Measurement Category III (anticipated transient overvoltage 6000V) EN61326 Class A EN61000-3-2 EN61000-3-3

13.1 General Specification

13

176
13.1 General Specification

Input Specifications

Measurement line type Single-phase 2-wire (1P2W), single-phase 3-wire (1P3W), three-phase
3-wire (3P3W2M,3P3W3M) or three-phase 4-wire (3P4W,3P4W4I)

Number of circuits to be 4 circuits (1P2W), 2 circuits (1P3W,3P3W2M),

measured

1 circuit (3P3W3M,3P4W,3P4W4I) The voltage is the same.

Frequency of the mea- 50/60 Hz sured line

Input methods

Voltage: Isolated inputs (No insulation between U1,U2,U3, and N) Current: input is isolated by the clamp-on sensor

Measurement method Simultaneous digital sampling of voltage and current
PLL synchronization or 50/60-Hz fixed clock

PLL synch channel source Voltage U1

PLL synch frequency 45 to 66 Hz range

Sampling frequency 128 points/cycle

A/D converter resolution 16 bits

Input resistance (50/60 Hz)

Voltage: 2.0 M  10% (differential operation) Current: 200 k 10%

Maximum input voltage Voltage inputs: AC780 Vrms, 1103 Vpeak
Current inputs: AC1.7 Vrms, 2.4 Vpeak

Maximum rated voltage Voltage input terminals: AC600 Vrms (50/60 Hz) to earth

Measurement Items Measurement Items

Voltage, Current, Active power, Reactive power, Apparent power, Power factor, Integrated active power, Integrated reactive power, Frequency, harmonic

Display

Display update rate Display range
Effective measurement range

Approx. 0.5 seconds (Except when the PC card or internal memory is accessed or during RS-232C communications)
Voltage/current: 0.4% to 130% of the range (zero-suppressed at below 0.4%) Power: 0% to 130% of the range (zero-suppressed when the voltage or current is zero) Harmonic level: 0% to 130% of the range
5 to 110% of the range

Display language Display monitor Backlight Contrast

Japanese/ English 5.7-inch STN monochrome LCD (320 x 240 dots) Auto OFF/ON/OFF Control using a dial

177
13.1 General Specification

Miscellaneous Measurement Items
Voltage/Current Measurement

Measurement method True RMS type

Measurement range

Voltage: 150.00/300.00/600.00 V

Current:

When the 9669 (0.5 mV/A) is used

: 100.00/200.00/1.0000k A

When the 9661 (1 mV/A) is used

: 5.0000/10.000/50.000/

100.00/500.00 A

When the 9660/9695-03 (1 mV/A) is used: 5.0000/10.000/50.000/

100.00 A

When the 9667/CT9667 5000 A range (0.1 mV/A) is used: 5.0000 kA

When the 9667/CT9667 500 A range (1 mV/A) is used: 500.00 A

When the 9694 (10 mV/A) is used : 500.00 m/1.0000/5.0000 A

When the 9695-02 (10 mV/A) is used: 500.00 m/ 1.0000/ 5.0000/

10.000/ 50.000 A

(Selectable separately for each circuit)

Range selection

Manual range (separate current range selectable for each circuit)

Measurement accuracy Voltage:  0.2%rdg. 0.1%f.s. Current:  0.2%rdg. 0.1%f.s. + clamp-on-sensor specification

Crest factor

Voltage: 2 or less (for full-scale input) Current: 4 or less (for full-scale input, 2 or less with the 500 A, 1 kA, and 5 kA ranges)

Active Power Measurement

Measurement range Depends on the voltage x current range combination.

Measurement accuracy ± 0.2%rdg. ± 0.1%f.s.+ clamp-on-sensor specification (power factor = 1)

Power factor influence  1.0%rdg. (45 to 66 Hz, power factor = 0.5)

Polarity display

For (consumption) No symbol For (regeneration) "-"

Reactive Power Measurement

13.1 General Specification

Measurement range Depends on the voltage x current range combination.

Reactive-power-meter method

Not used: Calculate using the voltage, current, and active-power measurements. Used: Measure the reactive power directly using the reactive-powermeter method.

Measurement accuracy When the reactive-power-meter method is not used Each calculation result 1 dgt.
When the reactive-power-meter method is used 0.2%rdg. 0.1%f.s. + clamp-on-sensor specification
(reactive factor = 1)

Influence of the reactive 1.0% rdg. (45 Hz to 66 Hz; reactive factor = 0.5; reactive-power-

factor Polarity display

meter method used)

For lag phase (LAG: current is slower than voltage): no symbol

13

For lead phase (LEAD: current is faster than voltage): "-"

(Only when the reactive-power-meter method is used)

178
13.1 General Specification

Apparent Power Measurement

Measurement range

Depends on the voltage x current range combination.

Measurement accuracy Each calculation result  1dgt.

Polarity display

No symbol

Power Factor Measurement

Measurement range

-1.0000 (lead) to 0.0000 to +1.0000 (lag)

Measurement accuracy ±1 dgt. for calculations derived from the various measurement values.

Polarity display

For lag phase (LAG: current is slower than voltage): no symbol For lead phase (LEAD: current is faster than voltage):"-" Measurement range

Frequency Measurement
Measurement method Reciprocal frequencies Measurement range 40.000 to 70.000 Hz Measurement source Voltage U1 (same as the PLL synchronization source) Measurement accuracy  0.5%rdg. 1dgt.
For a sine wave input with a voltage range of 10% to 110%.

Integrated Power Measurement

Measurement range

Integrated active power Consumption: 0.00000 mWh to 99999.9 GWh Regeneration: -0.00000 mWh to -99999.9 GWh
Integrated reactive power Lag: 0.00000 mvarh to 99999.9 Gvarh Lead: -0.00000 mvarh to -99999.9 Gvarh

Measurement accuracy Measurement accuracy of active power/reactive power 1 dgt.

Integration time accuracy

10 ppm  1 second (23°C, 73°F)

Measurement display

Integrated active power: Displays consumption/regeneration separately Integrated reactive power: Displays lag/lead separately

Harmonic Measurement
Measurement range Measurement method Analysis frequencies Window width Window type Number of pieces of analysis data

Fundamental frequency: 45 Hz to 66 Hz PLL synchronization Up to the 40th order One cycle Rectangular 128 points

179
13.1 General Specification

Harmonic Measurement

Analysis rate

Once/16 cycles

Analysis item

Harmonic level: Level of each order of harmonic for voltage, current, and power Harmonic content: The content of each order of harmonic for voltage, current, and power Harmonic phase angle: Phase angle of each order of harmonic for voltage, current, and power Total value: Total up to the 40th order harmonics of voltage, current, and power Total THD: Voltage and current (THD-F or THD-R)

Measurement accuracy Harmonic level
1st to 20th orders: ± 1.0%rdg. ± 0.2%f.s. 21st to 30th orders: ± 1.0%rdg. ± 0.3%f.s. 31st to 40th orders: ± 2.0%rdg. ± 0.3%f.s. For the current and voltage, the clamp-on-sensor specification shall be taken into account. Harmonic power-phase angle The accuracy guarantee range is 1% and over of the range for each order of the harmonic voltage (current) level. 1st to 6th orders: ± 3° 7th to 40th orders: ± (0.3° X k+1°) The clamp-on-sensor specification shall be taken into account (k = order of the harmonic).

Settings

VT (PT) ratio

0.01 to 9999.99

CT ratio

0.01 to 9999.99 (Set separately for each circuit)

Time-series measure- Manual/time setting

ment start method

Time is set as: year (4 digits)/month/day/hour: minute (24-hour clock)

Time-series measurement stop method

Manual/timer/time setting Time is set as: year (4 digits)/month/day/hour: minute (24-hour clock) The timer is set to between 1 second and 8784 hours.

13.1 General Specification

Data-output interval

Standard/short-term

The maximum measurement period is one year. Measurement stops

immediately after the elapse of that period.

When the memory capacity is exceeded, measurement is continued.

Performance-assured PC card: 9626,9627,9726,9727,9728 (optional)

Standard interval:

1/2/5/10/15/30 seconds 1/2/5/10/15/30/60 minutes

The number of output items depends on the interval setting.

Short-term interval:

1 cycle/0.1/0.2/0.5 seconds

Only instantaneous values are output.

Data is saved in the internal buffer memory (no backup function) tem-

porarily, and is then saved in the set medium (PC card/internal mem-

ory) every 10 seconds.
Medium for saving data Memory: PC card/internal memory

13

When the PC card is selected, if it is not installed, data is saved in the

internal memory.

180
13.1 General Specification

Settings

File name

The file name is set by the user (using up to 8 half-size letters and numbers). If the file name is not set by the user, the instrument sets a file name automatically.

Device to be connected PC/printer

to the RS-232C

No output to the printer when the interval is less than 1 minute

THD selection

THD-F (based on the fundamental)/THD-R (based on the fundamental and all harmonics)

Harmonic order for display

All order/odd order

Sampling method

PLL synchronization/fixed clock (50/60 Hz)

Backlight

Auto OFF/ON/OFF Auto OFF turns off the backlight automatically 5 minutes after the last key operation. After the backlight is turned off by Auto OFF, it can be turned on again by pressing any key (the same applies when the keys are locked).

Display average times OFF/2/5/10/20 (moving average of continuous waveform)

Medium for copying screen

Printer/internal memory/PC card

Beep sound

ON/OFF

Language
ID No. Clock setting

Japanese/English/German/Italian/Chinese (Simple, Trad)/French/ Spanish/Korean 1 to 999
Year (4 digits)/month/day/hour/minute (24-hour clock)

Other

Life of backup lithium battery

Approx. 6 years (reference data at 23°C, 73°F); for backup of clock and settings (lithium battery)

Clock function

Auto-calendar, automatic leap-year adjustment, 24-hour clock

Clock Accuracy

±10 ppm ±1 second (23°C, 73°F) (within ±1.9 seconds/day (23°C, 73°F))

Internal-memory capacity 1 MB

Frequency characteristics

3% f.s. + measurement accuracy up to the 50th frequency of the fundamental, with a fundamental frequency of 45 Hz to 66 Hz

Temperature coefficient Within ±0.03% f.s. / °C

Influence of common- Within 0.2% f.s. (AC 600 Vrms, 50/60 Hz, between the voltage input

mode voltage

terminal (shorted) and the case)

Influence of the external Within 1.5% f.s. (in a magnetic field of AC 400 Arms/m, 50/60 Hz) magnetic field

Effect of radiated
radio-frequency electromagnetic field

Influence of a radioactive radio-frequency electromagnetic field With a current of 3% f.s. at 10 V/m (when the 9667 is used; f.s. is
the rated primary current of the 9667)

Other
Effect of conducted radio-frequency electromagnetic field

181
13.1 General Specification
Influence of a conductive radio-frequency electromagnetic field With a current of 3% f.s. at 3 V (when the 9667 is used; f.s. is the rated primary current of the 9667)

Conditions of Guaranteed Accuracy

Conditions of Guaranteed Accuracy
Temperature and humidity for guaranteed accuracy
Fundamental waveform range for guaranteed accuracy

Warmup time of more than 30 minutes, input of a sine wave, power factor = 1, and PLL synchronization 23°C ± 5°C(73°F± 9°F), 80% RH or less
45 to 66 Hz

Display area for guaranteed accuracy
Period of guaranteed accuracy

Effective measurement area 1 year

External Interface Specifications
PC card interface

Slot Card Storage capacity

PC Card Standard Type II slot x 1 Flash ATA card Up to 528 MB

Data format Stored data

MS-DOS format Setting, measurement, and screen data

RS-232C interface

13.1 General Specification

Method

EIA RS-232C

Connector

Mini DIN 9-pin connector x 1

Transfer method

Asynchronous communication method, full duplex

Baud rate

2400/ 9600/ 19200/ 38400 bps

Data length

8 bits

Parity check

None

Stop bit

1

Flow control

None, XON/XOFF, RTS/CTS

Delimiter

CR+LF/ CR

13

182
13.1 General Specification

D/A Output (3169-21 only)

Number of output channels

4 channels

Output level

DC 5 V/f.s.

Resolution

Polarity + 11 bits

Output accuracy

Measurement accuracy 0.2% f.s.

Temperature coefficient 0.02% f.s./°C or less

Output resistance

100   5%

Output update rate

Items other than harmonic measurement: Every cycle of measurement input Harmonic measurement items: Every 16 cycles of measurement input

Output items

Selectable from among 4 items Instantaneous value
Voltage, current, average voltage, average current, active power, reactive power, apparent power, power factor, frequency Integrated power Integrated active power (consumption/regeneration), Integrated reactive power (lag/lead) Harmonic Harmonic level, harmonic content, and harmonic phase angle of each order; total value; THD-F/THD-R

Integrated power output rate

5 V/1 kWh, 5 V/5 kWh, 5 V/10 kWh, 5 V/50 kWh, 5 V/100 kWh, 5 V/500 kWh, 5 V/1000 kWh

External Input/Output Control items
Signal level

Start/stop of time-series measurement Status output (Low level during time-series measurement) Data storage
0/5-V logic signal, short/open contact signal

183
13.1 General Specification

Accessories and Options

Accessories Options

L9438-53 Voltage Cord Power cord Instruction manual (Booklet) Quick start manual (Booklet) RS-232C instruction manual (CD-R) Input cord label 9441 CONNECTION CABLE (3169-21 only)
9660 CLAMP ON SENSOR (100 A rms rating) 9661 CLAMP ON SENSOR (500 A rms rating) 9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR (5000 A rms rating) CT9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR (5000 A rms rating) 9669 CLAMP ON SENSOR (1000 A rms rating) 9694 CLAMP ON SENSOR (5 A rms rating) 9695-02 CLAMP ON SENSOR (50 Arms rating) 9695-03 CLAMP ON SENSOR (100 Arms rating) 9219 CONNECTION CABLE (for 9695-02/03) 9290-10 CLAMP ON ADAPTER (continuous 1000 A, up to 1500 A, CT ratio 10:1) 9804-01 Magnet Adapter (red one, for changing the voltage cord tips) 9804-02 Magnet Adapter (black one, for changing the voltage cord tips) 9440 CONNECTION CABLE (for external input/output terminal) 9441 CONNECTION CABLE (for D/A output, 3169-21 only) 9612 RS-232C CABLE (for PC) 9442 PRINTER (with 1 roll of thermally sensitized paper supplied, with battery pack) 9443-01 AC ADAPTER (for printers) for Japan 9443-02 AC ADAPTER (for printers) for EU 1196 RECORDING PAPER (25 m, 10 rolls) 9721 RS-232C CABLE (for printer) 9720-01 CARRYING CASE (The voltage cords and clamp-on sensor are also housed in the case.) 9626 PC card 32MB (32 MB compact Flash card + adapter) 9627 PC card 64MB (64 MB compact Flash card + adapter) 9726 PC card 128MB (128 MB compact Flash card + adapter) 9727 PC card 256MB (256 MB compact Flash card + adapter) 9728 PC card 512MB (512 MB compact Flash card + adapter) SF1001 Power Logger Viewer 9625 Power Measurment Support Software

13.1 General Specification

13

184
13.2 Formulae

13.2 Formulae

Instantaneous-Value Formulae

Wiring setting

Single-phase 2-wire

Item

1P2W

Voltage U [Vrms]

U1

 Ui =

M--1--

M­ s=

1 0



Ui

s

2

Single-phase 3-wire 1P3W

Three-phase 3-wire

3P3W2M

3P3W3M

Three-phase 4-wire
3P4W,3P4W4I

U1

U1

U1(U1s=u1s-u2s) U1

U2

U2

U2(U2s=u2s-u3s) U2

U3(U3s=U1s-U2s) U3(U3s=u3s-u1s) U3

*1

Uave=

U----1---+---U----2
2

Uave=

U----1---+---U----2---+---U----3
3

Current I [Arms]

I1

 Ii =

--1-M

M­ s=

1 0



I

i

s

2

Active power P [W]

P1

 Pi

=

M--1--

M­ s=

1 0



Uis



Iis



I1 I2
Iave = -I-1---+2----I-2
P1 + P2

I1 I2 I3(I3s=-I1s-I2s) *2

I1 I2 I3 I4 (3P4W4I only)

Iave= -I-1---+----I3-2---+----I--3

P1 + P2 + P3 Ui represents the phase to neutral voltage.

Reactive power Q [var]

Q1 The reactive-power-meter method is not used.

S2 ­ P2

Qi = Si2 ­ Pi2

The reactive-power-meter method is used.

Q1 + Q2

Qi =

 M--1--

M­ s=

1 0

  

Ui

s



Ii

s

+

-m-4--

  

Q1 + Q2 + Q3 Ui represents the phase to neutral voltage.

Apparent power S [VA]

S1

S1 + S2

The reactive-power-meter method is not used. Si = Ui x Ii

---3---3--S1 + S2 + S3

---3---3--S1 + S2 + S3

S1 + S2 + S3 Ui represents

Ui represents the line to line voltage.

Ui represents the line to line voltage.

the phase to neutral voltage.

The reactive-power-meter method is used.

P2 + Q2

Si = Pi2 + Qi2

Power factor PF

PF= si P-S--

*1: Provided that U1s + U2s + U3s = 0 *2: Provided that I1s + I2s + I3s = 0

185
13.2 Formulae
· U: Line to line voltage (phase to neutral voltage for a threephase 4-wire line); I: Line to line current; Uave/ Iave: Average voltage/average current within the circuit; si: Polarity of lead/lag (detected by the reactive-power-meter method, no indication for lag, or a minus sign indicated for lead); u: Phase voltage from a virtual neutral point; i: Measurement channel; M: Number of samples; s: Sample point No.; m: Number of samples in a cycle (128)
· The power flow direction is indicated using the polarity signs for active power P: "+" indicates consumption and "-" indicates regeneration.
· If S<|P| due to a measurement error, unbalance, or other factor, the 3169-20/21 will process data such that S=|P|, Q=0, and PF = 1.
· If S=0, the instrument processes the data such that PF = over.

Basic Formulae for Harmonic

Processing Item

kth harmonic

Voltage U [Vrms]

Uk

Uk

2 r

+

Uki2

UK

Voltage phase

Uk

angles

tan-1

  

­--U--U----k-k--r-i

--

U [deg]

*1

Current I [Arms]

Ik

Ik

2 r

+

Ik

2 i

IK

Current phase

Ik

angles

tan-1

  

­--I--I-k-k--r-i

--

I [deg]

*1

Power P [W]

Pk

Ukr x Ikr + Uki x Iki

PK

Reactive power Q [var] *3
Apparent power S [VA] *3
Harmonic voltage content [%]

Qk
Sk
Voltage Current Power

The reactive-power-meter The reactive-power-meter --

method is used.

method is not used.

Ukr x Iki - Uki x Ikr *2

Sk2

­

P

2 k

Pk2 + Qk2

Uk x Ik

--

Uk / U1 x 100 (%)

--

Ik / I1 x 100 (%)

Pk / P1 x 100 (%)

Total up to the 40th
40 Uk2
k=1
--
40 Ik2
k=1
--
40
 Pk
k=1
--
--
--

13.2 Formulae

13

186
13.2 Formulae

Processing Item
Total har- -monic distortion-F
THD-F [%]
Total har- -monic distortion-R
THD-R [%]

kth harmonic

Total up to the 40th

--

THDUF

40 Uk2

-----k---=----U-2-----1------------ X100 (%)

THDIF

40 Ik2
-----k---=----I-2--1------------ X100 (%)

--

THDUR

40 Uk2

-----k---=-----2----------------- X100 (%)

40 Uk2

k=1

THDIR

40 Ik2
-----k---=-----2-------------- X100 (%)
40 Ik2
k=1

*1: The harmonic phase angle is displayed after it is corrected

using the phase of the fundamental of the PLL synchronization/

frequency source as the reference phase (0.0°). When Uki = Ukr = 0, Uk = 0°. When Iki = Ikr = 0, Ik = 0°. *2: Reactive power is calculated with the phase of the harmonic

component of the current lagged by 90 degrees.

*3: The calculation is performed internally and the result is not dis-

played on-screen.

k: Harmonic order (k = 1 to 40), K: K = 40 r: resistance component after FFT i: reactance component after FFT

Harmonic Formulae for Each Connection Method

Wiring Single-phase 2-

wire

Item

1P2W

Voltage Uk [Vrms]

U1k

Single-phase 3-wire 1P3W
U1k U2k

Current Ik [Arms]

I1k

I1k I2k

Active power

P1k

Pk [W]

Reactive power

Q1k

Qk [var]

*1

P1k + P2k Q1k + Q2k

Three-phase 3-wire

3P3W2M U1k U2k U3k *6 I1k I2k I3k *5
P1k + P2k

3P3W3M U1k U2k U3k *4 I1k I2k I3k
P1k + P2k + P3k *3

Q1k + Q2k

Q1k + Q2k + Q3k *3

Three-phase 4-wire
3P4W,3P4W4I U1k U2k U3k
I1k I2k I3k I4k P1k + P2k + P3k
Q1k + Q2k + Q3k

187
13.2 Formulae

Wiring Single-phase 2-

wire

Item

1P2W

Apparent power

S1k

Sk [VA]

*2

Single-phase 3-wire 1P3W
S1k + S2k

Power phase angles
k [deg]

The reactive-power-meter method is used.

tan-1

  

Q-P-----kk-

*7

The reactive-power-meter method is not used.

cos-1

  

P-S----kk-

*8

Three-phase 3-wire

3P3W2M

3P3W3M

The reactive-power-meter method is used.

Pk2 + Qk2

The reactive-power-meter method is not used.

---3---3--S1k + S2k + S3k

Three-phase 4-wire
3P4W,3P4W4I S1k + S2k + S3k

*1: The calculation is performed internally, and the result is not displayed on-screen, when the reactive-power-meter method is used. The calculation is not performed when the reactivepower-meter method is not used.
*2: The calculation is performed internally, and the result is not displayed on-screen.
*3: The phase voltage from a virtual neutral point is used for calculation of P, Q.
Pk = u1kr I1kr + u1ki I1ki + u2kr I2kr + u2ki I2ki + u3kr I3kr + u3ki I3ki
Qk = (u1kr I1ki - u1ki I1kr)+ (u2kr I2ki - u2ki I2kr) + (u3kr I3ki - u3ki I3kr) *4: U1s = u1s - u2s, U2s = u2s - u3s, U3s = u3s - u1s
U: Line to line voltage; u: Phase to neutral voltage from a virtual neutral point *5: I3s = - I1s - I2s (provided that I1s + I2s + I3s = 0 ) *6: U3s = U1s - U2s (provided that U1s + U2s + U3s = 0) *7: When Pk = Qk = 0, k = 0°. *8: When Sk = 0, k = 0°.
· The subscript numbers represent measurement-channel numbers. (k: Analysis order)
· The expressions above represent the kth harmonic. In the expressions for total values, k is replaced by K.

13.2 Formulae

13

188
13.3 Range Configuration and Accuracy by Clamp-On-Sensor

13.3 Range Configuration and Accuracy by Clamp-On-Sensor

Power Range Configuration (when the 9660, 9661, or 9695-03 is used)

Voltage

Wiring

150.00 V 300.00 V 600.00 V

1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W4I 1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W4I 1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W, 3P4W4I

Current

9661 CLAMP ON SENSOR

9660/9695-03 CLAMP ON SENSOR (CAT III 300 V)

5.0000 A

10.000 A

50.000 A

100.00 A

750.00 W 1.5000 kW 7.5000 kW 15.000 kW

1.5000 kW 3.0000 kW 15.000 kW 30.000 kW

2.2500 kW
1.5000 kW 3.0000 kW

4.5000 kW
3.0000 kW 6.0000 kW

22.500 kW
15.000 kW 30.000 kW

45.000 kW
30.000 kW 60.000 kW

4.5000 kW
3.0000 kW 6.0000 kW

9.0000 kW
6.0000 kW 12.000 kW

45.000 kW
30.000 kW 60.000 kW

90.000 kW
60.000 kW 120.00 kW

9.0000 kW 18.000 kW 90.000 kW 180.00 kW

500.00 A 75.000 kW 150.00 kW
225.00 kW 150.00 kW 300.00 kW
450.00 kW 300.00 kW 600.00 kW
900.00 kW

· The range-configuration table shows the full-scale display value of each measurement range.
· Voltage and current measurements are indicated as 0.4% to 130% f.s. of the range. If a measurement is below 0.4% f.s., it will be zero-suppressed.
· Power measurement is indicated as 0% to 130% f.s. of the range. It will be zero-suppressed when the voltage or current is 0.
· The accuracy-guarantee ranges of the 9660/9695-03 and 9661 sensors are 5 A to 100 A and 5 A to 500 A, respectively.
· The range configuration for apparent power (S) and reactive power (Q) is the same, except that the unit is changed to VA and var, respectively.
· When the VT ratio and CT ratio are set, the ranges will be multiplied by (VT ratio x CT ratio) (when a range falls below 1.0000 mW or exceeds 9.9999 GW, a scaling error occurs and the setting is not accepted).

Accuracy by Clamp-On Sensor (when the 9660, 9661, or 9695-03 is used)

Range
500.00 A 100.00 A 50.000 A 10.000 A 5.0000 A

9660 CLAMP ON SENSOR 9695-03 CLAMP ON SENSOR
 0.5%rdg. 0.12%f.s.  0.5%rdg. 0.14%f.s.  0.5%rdg. 0.3%f.s.  0.5%rdg. 0.5%f.s.

9661 CLAMP ON SENSOR
 0.5%rdg. 0.11%f.s.  0.5%rdg. 0.15%f.s.  0.5%rdg. 0.2%f.s.  0.5%rdg. 0.6%f.s.  0.5%rdg. 1.1%f.s.

189
13.3 Range Configuration and Accuracy by Clamp-On-Sensor
Power Range Configuration (when the 9669 is used)

Voltage 150.00 V
300.00 V
600.00 V

Wiring
1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W4I 1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W4I 1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W4I

Current

9669 CLAMP ON SENSOR

100.00 A

200.00 A

1.0000 kA

15.000 kW 30.000 kW 150.00 kW

30.000 kW 60.000 kW 300.00 kW

45.000 kW
30.000 kW 60.000 kW

90.000 kW
60.000 kW 120.00 kW

450.00 kW
300.00 kW 600.00 kW

90.000 kW
60.000 kW 120.00 kW

180.00 kW
120.00 kW 240.00 kW

900.00 kW
600.00 kW 1.2000 MW

180.00 kW 360.00 kW 1.8000 MW

· The range-configuration table shows the full-scale display value of each measurement range.
· Voltage and current measurements are indicated as 0.4% to 130% f.s. of the range. If a measurement is below 0.4% f.s., it will be zero-suppressed.
· Power measurement is indicated as 0% to 130% f.s. of the range. It will be zero-suppressed when the voltage or current is 0.
· The range configuration for apparent power (S) and reactive
power (Q) is the same, except that the unit is changed to VA and var, respectively. · When the VT ratio and CT ratio are set, the ranges will be mul-
tiplied by (VT ratio x CT ratio) (when a range falls below 1.0000 mW or exceeds 9.9999 GW, a scaling error occurs and the set-
ting is not accepted).

Accuracy by Clamp-On Sensor (when the 9669 is used)

Range 1.0000 kA 200.00 A 100.00 A

9669 CLAMP ON SENSOR
 1.2%rdg. 0.11%f.s.  1.2%rdg. 0.15%f.s.  1.2%rdg. 0.2%f.s.

13.3 Range Configuration and Accuracy by Clamp-On-Sensor

13

190
13.3 Range Configuration and Accuracy by Clamp-On-Sensor
Power Range Configuration (when the 9667 or the CT9667 is used)

Voltage 150.00 V
300.00 V
600.00 V

Wiring
1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W4I 1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W4I 1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W4I

Current

9667/CT9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR

500 A range

5000 A range

500.00 A

5.0000 kA

75.000 kW

750.00 kW

150.00 kW

1.5000 MW

225.00 kW
150.00 kW 300.00 kW

2.2500 MW
1.5000 MW 3.0000 MW

450.00 kW
300.00 kW 600.00 kW

4.5000 MW
3.0000 MW 6.0000 MW

900.00 kW

9.0000 MW

· The range-configuration table shows the full-scale display value of each measurement range.
· Voltage and current measurements are indicated as 0.4% to 130% f.s. of the range. If a measurement is below 0.4% f.s., it will be zero-suppressed.
· Power measurement is indicated as 0% to 130% f.s. of the range. It will be zero-suppressed when the voltage or current is 0.
· The range configuration for apparent power (S) and reactive
power (Q) is the same, except that the unit is changed to VA and var, respectively. · When the VT ratio and CT ratio are set, the ranges will be mul-
tiplied by (VT ratio x CT ratio) (when a range falls below 1.0000 mW or exceeds 9.9999 GW, a scaling error occurs and the setting is not accepted).

Accuracy by Clamp-On Sensor (when the 9667 or the CT9667 is used)

Range
5.0000 kA 500.00 A

9667/CT9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR 5000 A range
 2.2%rdg. 0.4%f.s.

9667/CT9667 FLEXIBLE CLAMP ON SENSOR 500 A range
 2.2%rdg. 0.4%f.s.

191
13.3 Range Configuration and Accuracy by Clamp-On-Sensor
Power Range Configuration (when the 9694 or 9695-02 is used)

Voltage

Wiring

150.00 V 300.00 V 600.00 V

1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W4I 1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W4I 1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W4I

Current

9695-02 CLAMP ON SENSOR (CAT III 300 V)

9694 CLAMP ON SENSOR (CAT III 300 V)

500.00 mA

1.0000 A

5.0000 A

10.000 A

75.000 W

150.00 W

750.00 W

1.5000 kW

150.00 W

300.00 W

1.5000 kW

3.0000 kW

50.000 A 7.5000 kW 15.000 kW

225.00 W
150.00 W 300.00 W

450.00 W
300.00 W 600.00 W

2.2500 kW
1.5000 kW 3.0000 kW

4.5000 kW
3.0000 kW 6.0000 kW

22.500 kW
15.000 kW 30.000 kW

450.00 W
300.00 W 600.00 W

900.00 W
600.00 W 1.2000 kW

4.5000 kW
3.0000 kW 6.0000 kW

9.0000 kW
6.0000 kW 12.000 kW

45.000 kW
30.000 kW 60.000 kW

900.00 W

1.8000 kW

9.0000 kW

18.000 kW

90.000 kW

· The range-configuration table shows the full-scale display value of each measurement range.
· Voltage and current measurements are indicated as 0.4% to
130% f.s. of the range. If a measurement is below 0.4% f.s., it will be zero-suppressed. · Power measurement is indicated as 0% to 130% f.s. of the range.
It will be zero-suppressed when the voltage or current is 0. · The range configuration for apparent power (S) and reactive
power (Q) is the same, except that the unit is changed to VA
and var, respectively. · When the VT ratio and CT ratio are set, the ranges will be mul-
tiplied by (VT ratio x CT ratio) (when a range falls below 1.0000
mW or exceeds 9.9999 GW, a scaling error occurs and the setting is not accepted). · The accuracy-guarantee ranges of the 9694 and 9695-02 sen-
sors are 500 mA to 5 A, respectively.

13.3 Range Configuration and Accuracy by Clamp-On-Sensor

Accuracy by Clamp-On Sensor (when the 9694 or 9695-02 is used)

Range 50.000 A 10.000 A 5.0000A 1.0000A 500.00mA

9694 CLAMP ON SENSOR --
--
0.5%rdg. 0.12%f.s. 0.5%rdg. 0.2%f.s. 0.5%rdg. 0.3%f.s.

9695-02 CLAMP ON SENSOR
0.5%rdg. 0.12%f.s. 0.5%rdg. 0.2%f.s. 0.5%rdg. 0.3%f.s. 0.5%rdg. 1.1%f.s. 0.5%rdg. 2.1%f.s.

13

193
14.1 Cleaning and Storage
14 Maintenance and Service

14.1 Cleaning and Storage

Cleaning

· To clean the product, wipe it gently with a soft cloth moistened with water or mild detergent. Never use solvents such as benzene, alcohol, acetone, ether, ketones, thinners or gasoline, as they can deform and discolor the case.
· Wipe the LCD gently with a soft, dry cloth.
· Measurements are degraded by dirt on the mating surfaces of the clamp-on sensor, so keep the surfaces clean by gently wiping with a soft cloth.

Storage

· Storage temperature and humidity should be kept between -20 and 50°C, at less than 80% RH.
· Do not store or use the product where it could be exposed to direct sunlight, high temperature or humidity, or condensation. Under such conditions, the product may be damaged and insulation may deteriorate so that it no longer meets specifications.
· When storing the instrument for a long time (one year or more), the specifications are no longer guaranteed. Therefore, before use, have the instrument recalibrated.

14.1 Cleaning and Storage

14

194
14.2 Repair and Servicing
14.2 Repair and Servicing
· Adjustments and repairs should be made only by technically qualified personnel.
· If damage is suspected, check the "Troubleshooting" section before contacting your dealer or Hioki representative.
· Pack the product carefully so that it will not be damaged during shipment, and include a detailed written description of the problem. Hioki cannot be responsible for damage that occurs during shipment.
Calibrations
IMPORTANT Periodic calibration is necessary in order to ensure that the instrument provides correct measurement results of the specified accuracy. The calibration frequency varies depending on the status of the instrument or installation environment. We recommend that the calibration frequency is determined in accordance with the status of the instrument or installation environment and that you request that calibration be performed periodically.

195
14.2 Repair and Servicing
Troubleshooting
If problems are encountered with operation, check the appropriate items below.

Symptom

Check Items

The POWER LED lights, · Is the Power switch turned on?
but the screen is blank. · Are the AC Adapter and power cord securely connected?
· Is the LCD Auto Off setting enabled?

Keys do not operate.

· Is a key stuck? · Is the Key Lock switch on?

Measurements are unstable

· Is the line frequency 50 or 60 Hz? 400-Hz line measurements are not supported.

Measurement data cannot be acquired as
intended.

· Are the voltage cords and clamp sensors connected properly?
· Do the actual measurement lines match the measurement line settings?

Data cannot be saved to · Is the PC Card firmly inserted?

a PC Card.

· Is the PC Card initialized (formatted)?

· Is the PC Card already full?

Operation is incorrect · Is the instrument turned on? when connected to a PC. · Is the interface cable connected properly?
· Are the interface settings correct?

Unable to print.

· Is the printer turned on?
· Is the interface cable connected properly? · Are the interface settings correct? · Is the recording paper loaded properly (front and
back)?

Power does not turn on. · The power protection circuitry may be damaged. As this cannot be replaced or repaired by the user, please contact your supplier or nearest Hioki representative.

If the cause of the problem still cannot be found, try resetting the system. (page 199) This returns most of the system settings to their factory defaults.

14.2 Repair and Servicing

14

196
14.3 Error Messages
14.3 Error Messages

Abnormal behavior
When the self-test is executed after turning the power ON, an "NG" judgment is given.

Remedy
The instrument is damaged. Contact your dealer or Hioki representative.

The instrument cannot be started properly and the following message is displayed.
ASSERT:(OFF<=val)&&(val<ON) FILE C:¥prog¥src3169¥v001¥system.c LINE3507

Since the lithium battery in the instrument is
worn out, a backup error occurred. The battery life is approximately six years. Execute the system reset to the factory default
settings in order to remedy the error massage and restore the instrument to proper opera-
tion. The procedure is as follows. <How to execute the system reset to the factory default settings> 1. Turn the power ON while holding the FILE key.
Hold the key until you hear a beep. 2. Turn the power OFF after the instrument is
started. 3. Turn on the power ON without pressing the
FILE key. After turning the power ON for the second
time, the message , "BACKUP TEST Initializing...," will be displayed. It will take approximately 40 seconds to initial-
ize the internal memory. Leave the instrument until it is started. After the instrument is started, it can be oper-
ated properly. If a lithium battery worn-out leads to a backup error, the same error will occur while the
instrument is used after a short time. In this case, the battery needs to be replaced. A replacement of the battery cannot be per-
formed by customers. Contact your dealer or Hioki representative.

197
14.3 Error Messages

These messages disappear after a few seconds.

Message

Remedy

During the time-series mea- Change the settings after finishing the time-series
surement or waiting mode, this measurement. setting cannot be changed.

During the time-series mea- Change the settings after finishing the time-series surement or waiting mode, this measurement.
function cannot be used.

During the time-series mea- Perform the operation after finishing the time-series surement or waiting mode, this measurement. operation cannot be per-
formed.

START TIME has already passed. Start JUST TIME.

Set the start time after the current time.

During HOLD, this setting can- Release HOLD to change settings. not be changed.

These messages can be cleared by pressing any key.

Message

Remedy

This key cannot be selected Release HOLD. during HOLD.

If the interval time setting is Set the interval time to 1 minute or longer for harless than 1 minute, harmonic monic data output and printer output.
data output and printer output are not possible.

Harmonic data output and Set the interval time to 1 minute or longer for harprinter output are not possible. monic data output and printer output.

Before starting measurement, Format the PC CARD. format the PC CARD.

The instant value of normal measurement is saved in
binary format. Other data is not output.

When a short-term interval is used, the instantaneous values of normal measurement are saved in
the binary format.

No PC CARD.

Insert the PC CARD.

PC CARD is not compatible. Use optional PC CARD of HIOKI.

Write Protected.

Release the write protection of this media.

Max. number of files exceeded.

The number of files exceeds the maximum writable file number. Delete the files, or format the media.

Disk full.

Delete the files, or format the media.

PC CARD is not formatted. Format the PC CARD.

14.3 Error Messages

14

198
14.3 Error Messages

Message

Remedy

Same name file is already exists.

Rename the file.

Copy failed.

Format the PC CARD or exchange the PC CARD.

Delete failed.

Execute again.

Initializing of internal memory Execute again. has failed.

Selected file is not a setting Select a setting file. file.

PC card format failed.

Confirm the PC CARD is properly inserted.

Output to internal memory.

The data is saved in the internal memory, if the PC
CARD is selected as a storage media but a PC CARD is not properly inserted, or if the PC CARD is full. Insert the PC CARD properly or exchange
the PC CARD.

Data could not be saved to internal memory.

Format the internal memory.

File error.

Format the PC CARD and internal memory, or use the new PC CARD.

Access failed

Format the PC CARD and internal memory, or use the new PC CARD. When formatting the PC CARD on a PC, use the FAT-16 format.

Select a file.

No file is selected. Select a file.

Some files have not been deleted.

The files are broken. Format the PC CARD.

Back up failed.

Format the internal memory.

Scaling error.

Change the VT(PT) or CT ratio setting.

199
14.4 System Reset
14.4 System Reset
1. Turn the power OFF. 2. Turn the power ON again while holding the SET UP key.
Press and hold the key until you hear a beep.
3. A system reset will return all settings of the 3169-20/21 (except for the clock) to the defaults. Beep
14

14.4 System Reset

200
14.5 Instrument Disposal
14.5 Instrument Disposal
The instrument contains a lithium battery for system backup.
· To avoid electric shock, turn off the power switch and disconnect the power cord before removing the lithium battery.
· Battery may explode if mistreated. Do not short-circuit, recharge, disassemble or dispose of in fire.
· If the protective functions of the instrument are damaged, either remove it from service or mark it clearly so that others do not use it inadvertently.
· When disposing of this instrument, remove the lithium battery and dispose of battery and instrument in accordance with local regulations.

201
14.5 Instrument Disposal

Lithium Battery Removal
Bottom cover

Required tools:

· Phillips screwdriver 1

· Wire cutter

1

· Hexagonal wrench 1

1. Turn OFF the power to the

3169-20/21.
2. Turn the instrument upside

down and remove the four

screws affixing the bottom

cover.
3. Turn the instrument right side

up and remove the top cover.
4. Remove one screw, and then

remove the key circuit board.
5. Cut the two leads of the but-

ton-type lithium battery near

the corner of the circuit boards.
6. Remove two screws, and then

remove the circuit board fas-

tening the LCD.

14.5 Instrument Disposal

Lead Circuit Board
CALIFORNIA, USA ONLY This product contains a CR Coin Lithium Battery which contains Perchlorate Material - special handling may apply. See www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/perchlorate
14

Appendix

203

Appendix
Power Measurement by the 2 Power-Meter Method and U3/I3 Measurement Theory (3P3W2M mode)

Three-phase 3-wire Power-supply side

I1 1

Three-phase 3-wire Load side

U3

u1 U1

Neutral

point

u3

u2

3

U2

2 I2

I3

The figure above shows an artificial circuit of a three-phase 3-wire

line. In the figure, U1, U2, and U3 represent the vectors of line to

line voltage; I1, I2, and I3 represent the line (phase) current vec-

tors; u1, u2, and u3 represent the phase to neutral voltage vectors. Normally, three-phase power P is obtained as the sum of the power of the phases.

P = u1I1 + u2I2 + u3I3 (1)

204

A three-phase 3-wire line, however, doesn't have a neutral point,
and the power of each phase cannot be measured directly. If a neutral point hypothetically existed, three power meters must be used simultaneously. For this reason, the 2-power-meter method
(2 voltages and 2 currents) using the line voltage is generally used instead. Theoretically, the power of each phase is obtained using the following equation:

If measuring U1, U2, I1, and I3 using power meters,

P = U· 1I·1 + U· 2I·3

( U1= u1- u2, U2= u3- u2 )

= u·1 ­ u·2I·1 + u·3 ­ u·2I·3

= u·1I·1 + u·2­I·3 ­I·1 + u·3I·3 (because I1+ I2+ I3=0 provided that the circuit is closed)

= u·1I·1 + u·2I·2 + u·3I·3 (2)

Equation (1) coincides with equation (2). This proves that the power of a three-phase 3-wire line is measured by the 2-powermeter method. In addition, there is no special precondition required, except that the circuit must be closed and without leakage current. Therefore, three-phase power can be obtained regardless of whether the cable way is balanced or unbalanced. The 3P3W2M mode of the 3169-20/21 employs this method. In addition, because the sum of the voltage (current) vectors is always zero, the 3169-20/21 internally implements the following equations to measure the 3rd voltage and current:
U· 3 = U· 1­U· 2
I·2 = ­I·1 ­I·3

Regarding U3 and I2, measurement is performed regardless of
whether distortion is present. These values are reflected in the three-phase apparent power and power factor (when the reactivepower-meter method is not used).

In the 3P3W2M mode of the 3169-20/21, the phase C current of the three-phase line is input to I2 of each circuit. On the display,
the current measurement of phase C is shown as I2, and the calculation result of phase B is shown as I3.

Appendix

205

Headers of Output Data

Instantaneous-Value Data (Normal Measurement),

Integrated Power and Damand Value

Classification

Data Header

Contents

Unit

Date and Time DATE

Data-output date, yyyy/m/d

TIME

Data-output time, h:mm:ss

ETIME

Elapsed time, hhhhh:mm:ss

Information STATUS

10-bit data showing various pieces of status information

Voltage

U1_INST[V]

Voltage RMS value, CH1

V

U2_INST[V]

Voltage RMS value, CH2

V

U3_INST[V]

Voltage RMS value, CH3

V

Uave_INST[V]

Voltage RMS value, Average V value of channels

Current

I1_INST[A]_1 to I1_INST[A]_4

Current RMS value, CH1,

A

Circuit 1-4

I2_INST[A]_1 to I2_INST[A]_2

Current RMS value, CH2,

A

Circuit 1-2

I3_INST[A]_1 to I3_INST[A]_2

Current RMS value, CH3,

A

Circuit 1-2

Iave_INST[A]_1 to Iave_INST[A]_2

Current RMS value, Average A value of channels, Circuit 1-2

I4_INST[A]_1

Current RMS value, CH4

A

Power

P_INST[W]_1 to P_INST[W]_4

Active power, Circuit 1-4

W

Q_INST[var]_1 to Q_INST[var]_4

Reactive power, Circuit 1-4 var

S_INST[VA]_1 to S_INST[VA]_4

Apparent power, Circuit 1-4 VA

Power Factor PF_INST_1 to PF_INST_4

Power factor, Circuit 1-4

Frequency F_INST[Hz]

Frequency

Hz

Value of each P1_INST[W]_1 to P1_INST[W]_2

CH

P2_INST[W]_1 to P2_INST[W]_2

Active power, CH1, Circuit 1-2 W Active power, CH2, Circuit 1-2 W

P3_INST[W]_1

Active power, CH3

W

Q1_INST[var]_1 to Q1_INST[var]_2

Reactive power, CH1, Circuit var 1-2

Q2_INST[var]_1 to Q2_INST[var]_2

Reactive power, CH2, Circuit var 1-2

Q3_INST[var]_1

Reactive power, CH3

var

S1_INST[VA]_1 to S1_INST[VA]_2

Apparent power, CH1,

VA

Circuit 1-2

S2_INST[VA]_1 to S2_INST[VA]_2

Apparent power, CH2,

VA

Circuit 1-2

S3_INST[VA]_1

Apparent power, CH3

VA

PF1_INST_1 to PF1_INST_2

Power factor, CH1, Circuit 1 to 2

PF2_INST_1 to PF2_INST_2

Power factor, CH2, Circuit 1-2

PF3_INST_1

Power factor, CH3

206

Classification

Data Header

Contents

Unit

Integrated

Total integrated power from the start of time-series measurement

power

WP+_INTEG[Wh]_1 to WP+_INTEG[Wh]_4

Integrated active power

Wh

(consumption), Circuit 1-4

WP-_INTEG[Wh]_1 to WP-_INTEG[Wh]_4

Integrated active power

Wh

(regeneration), Circuit 1-4

Demand

WQ+_INTEG[varh]_1 to WQ+_INTEG[varh]_4
WQ-_INTEG[varh]_1 to WQ-_INTEG[varh]_4
Integrated power within interval WP+_INTVL[Wh]_1 to WP+_INTVL[Wh]_4

Integrated reactive power (lag), varh Circuit 1-4

Integrated reactive power (lead), Circuit 1-4

varh

Integrated active power

Wh

(consumption), Circuit 1-4

WP-_INTVL[Wh]_1 to WP-_INTVL[Wh]_4 WQ+_INTVL[varh]_1 to WQ+_INTVL[varh]_4 WQ-_INTVL[varh]_1 to WQ-_INTVL[varh]_4 Average value within interval (demand value)

Integrated active power

Wh

(regeneration), Circuit 1-4

Integrated reactive power (lag), varh Circuit 1-4

Integrated reactive power (lead), Circuit 1-4

varh

P_DEM[W]_1 to P_DEM[W]_4 Q_DEM[var]_1 to Q_DEM[var]_4

Average value within time

W

Active power (Consumption),

Circuit 1-4

Average value within time

var

Reactive power (LAG),

Circuit 1-4

PF_DEM_1 to PF_DEM_4

Average value within time Power factor, Circuit 1-4

P_DEM

P_DEM2+Q_DEM2 *1

Maximum demand value during time-series measurement

P_DEM_MAX[W]_1 to P_DEM_MAX[W]_4

Maximum demand value,

W

Active power, , Circuit 1-4

P_DEM_MAX DATE_1 to P_DEM_MAX DATE_4 Date of occurrence of maximum demand yyyy/m/d , Circuit 1-4

P_DEM_MAX TIME_1 to P_DEM_MAX TIME_4 Time of occurrence of maximum demand h:mm:ss, Circuit 1-4

*1: If the regeneration power has only occurred during the interval, P_DEM = 0 and PF_DEM = 1.

· "INST" in the header will be replaced by "AVE" for the averagevalue data.
· "INST" in the header will be replaced by "MAX" for the maxi-
mum-value data. · "INST" in the header will be replaced by "MIN" for the mini-
mum-value data.

Appendix

207

Instantaneous-Value Data (Harmonic Measurement)

Classification

Data Header

Contents

Unit

Harmonic Level

U1(n)_INST[V]

nth harmonic voltage (U1)

V

RMS

U2(n)_INST[V]

nth harmonic voltage (U2)

V

RMS

U3(n)_INST[V]

nth harmonic voltage (U3)

V

RMS

I1(n)_INST[A]_1 to I1(n)_INST[A]_4

nth harmonic current (I1) RMS A Circuit 1-4

I2(n)_INST[A]_1 to I2(n)_INST[A]_2

nth harmonic current (I2) RMS A Circuits 1 to 2

I3(n)_INST[A]_1 to I3(n)_INST[A]_2

nth harmonic current (I3) RMS A Circuits 1 to 2

I4(n)_INST[A]_1

nth harmonic current (I4) RMS A

P(n)_INST[W]_1 to P(n)_INST[W]_4

nth harmonic power

W

Circuits 1 to 4

Harmonic Percentage Content

U1(n)_INST[%] U2(n)_INST[%]

nth harmonic voltage (U1)

%

Content

nth harmonic voltage (U2)

%

Content

U3(n)_INST[%]

nth harmonic voltage (U3)

%

Content

I1(n)_INST[%]_1 to I1(n)_INST[%]_4

nth harmonic current (I1)

%

Content, Circuits 1 to 4

I2(n)_INST[%]_1 to I2(n)_INST[%]_2

nth harmonic current (I2)

%

Content, Circuit 1-2

I3(n)_INST[%]_1 to I3(n)_INST[%]_2

nth harmonic current (I3)

%

Content

Circuit 1-2

I4(n)_INST[%]_1

nth harmonic current (I4)

%

Content

P(n)_INST[%]_1 to P(n)_INST[%]_4

nth harmonic power Content

%

Circuits 1 to 4

Harmonic

U1deg(n)_INST[deg]

Phase Angles

nth harmonic voltage (U1)

deg

Phase angle

U2deg(n)_INST[deg]

nth harmonic voltage (U2)

deg

Phase angle

U3deg(n)_INST[deg]

nth harmonic voltage (U3)

deg

Phase angle

I1deg(n)_INST[deg]_1 to I1deg(n)_INST[deg]_4 nth harmonic current (I1)

deg

Phase angle, Circuits 1 to 4

I2deg(n)_INST[deg]_1 to I2deg(n)_INST[deg]_2 nth harmonic current (I2)

deg

Phase angle, Circuit 1-2

I3deg(n)_INST[deg]_1 to I3deg(n)_INST[deg]_2 nth harmonic current (I3)

deg

Phase angle, Circuit 1-2

I4deg(n)_INST[deg]_1

nth harmonic current (I4)

deg

Phase angle

Pdeg(n)_INST[deg]_1 to Pdeg(n)_INST[deg]_4 nth harmonic power

deg

Phase angle, Circuits 1 to 4

208

Classification

Data Header

Total Value TOTAL_U1_INST[V]

TOTAL_U2_INST[V]

TOTAL_U3_INST[V]

TOTAL_I1_INST[A]_1 to TOTAL_I1_INST[A]_4

TOTAL_I2_INST[A]_1 to TOTAL_I2_INST[A]_2

TOTAL_I3_INST[A]_1 to TOTAL_I3_INST[A]_2

TOTAL_I4_INST[A]_1 TOTAL_P_INST[W]_1 to TOTAL_P_INST[W]_4

THD-F (Selected)

THDF_U1_INST[%] THDF_U2_INST[%]

THDF_U3_INST[%]

THDF_I1_INST[%]_1 to THDF_I1_INST[%]_4

THD-R (Selected)

THDF_I2_INST[%]_1 to THDF_I2_INST[%]_2 THDF_I3_INST[%]_1 to THDF_I3_INST[%]_2 THDF_I4_INST[%]_1 THDR_U1_INST[%] THDR_U2_INST[%] THDR_U3_INST[%] THDR_I1_INST[%]_1 to THDR_I1_INST[%]_4

THDR_I2_INST[%]_1 to THDR_I2_INST[%]_2 THDR_I3_INST[%]_1 to THDR_I3_INST[%]_2 THDR_I4_INST[%]_1

Contents

Unit

Total voltage (U1) (1st to 40th) V

Total voltage (U2) (1st to 40th) V

Total voltage (U3) (1st to 40th) V

Total current (I1) (1st to 40th), A Circuits 1 to 4

Total current (I2) (1st to 40th), A Circuit 1-2

Total current (I3) (1st to 40th), A Circuit 1-2

Total current (I4) (1st to 40th) A

Total power (1st to 40th)

W

Circuits 1 to 4

Voltage (U1) Total harmonic % distortion (THD-F)

Voltage (U2) Total harmonic % distortion (THD-F)

Voltage (U3) Total harmonic % distortion (THD-F)

Current (I1) Total harmonic dis- % tortion (THD-F) Circuits 1 to 4

Current (I2) Total harmonic dis- % tortion (THD-F), Circuit 1-2

Current (I3) Total harmonic dis- % tortion (THD-F), Circuit 1-2

Current (I4) Total harmonic dis- % tortion (THD-F)

Voltage (U1) Total harmonic % distortion (THD-R)

Voltage (U2) Total harmonic % distortion (THD-R)

Voltage (U3) Total harmonic % distortion (THD-R)

Current (I1) Total harmonic dis- % tortion (THD-R) Circuits 1 to 4

Current (I2) Total harmonic dis- % tortion (THD-R), Circuit 1-2

Current (I3) Total harmonic dis- % tortion (THD-R), Circuit 1-2

Current (I4) Total harmonic dis- % tortion (THD-R)

· "n" represents the harmonic orders (01 to 40). · Harmonic measurement data is added after normal measure-
ment data.
· "INST" in the header will be replaced by "AVE" for the averagevalue data.
· "INST" in the header will be replaced by "MAX" for the maxi-
mum-value data. · "INST" in the header will be replaced by "MIN" for the mini-
mum-value data.

Appendix

209

Harmonic Phase Angles

The harmonic voltage phase angle and harmonic current phase angle are the standard for the PLL source phase (for input based on PLL when U1 is selected on this device) fundamental wave
component. The differences in phase of each harmonic order component and the phase of the fundamental wave component is expressed as an
angle (°) and - indicates a LAG, whereas + indicates a LEAD. The phase angle of harmonic power is expressed by the power factor of each order of harmonic converted into an angle (°). When
the harmonic-power phase angle is between -90° and +90° , the order of harmonic is flowing in toward the load (inflow). When the phase angle is between +90° and +180° or between -180° and -
90°, that order of harmonic is flowing out from the load (outflow).

90°

±180°

Outflow

Power Phase Angles

LEAD

Voltage and current phase

Inflow

0°

angles

LAG

-90° Harmonic phase angle
The arithmetic expressions for the harmonic-power phase angle vary depending on whether the reactive-power-meter method is ON or OFF.

210

Reactive-Power-Meter Method ON
Harmonic-power phase angle

=

tan-1

Q P

[°]

Both active power and reactive power have polarities, and the results are expressed by "0° to 180°". This enables identification
of inflow and outflow and lag (-) and lead (+).

Reactive-Power-Meter Method OFF
Harmonic-power phase angle
 = cos-1PS [°]
Active power has polarities, but apparent power does not. The results are expressed by "0° to +180°". Identification of inflow and outflow is possible, but that of lag (-) and lead (+) is not. Due to the difference in arithmetic expression, the harmonic-power phase angle may differ if the three-phase load is unbalanced.

Appendix

211

Output Data

How to calculate the average value. (AVE)
The average values of voltage, current, active power, reactive power, apparent power, power factor, and frequency are calculated by the following formulas.

Voltage

U _ AVE 

1

N 1
Un

N n0

The voltage RMS values for every one cycle are averaged within the interval period.

Current

I _ AVE 

1

N 1
 In

N n0

The current RMS values for every one cycle are averaged within the interval period.

Active Power

P_

AVE



1 N

N 1
 Pn
n0

The active power values for every one cycle are averaged within

the interval period. (including the polarity sign)

Reactive Power

Q_

AVE



si

1

N 1
 Qn

N n0

The absolute values of reactive power for every one cycle are averaged within the interval period.

When the reactive-power-meter method is OFF(not to be used), there is no polarity sign to reactive power value.

Apparent Power

S _ AVE



1

N 1
 Sn

N n0

The apparent power values for every one cycle are averaged within the interval period.

212

Power Factor

PF _

AVE



si

1 N

N 1
 PFn
n0

The absolute values of power factor for every one cycle are averaged within the interval period.

Frequency

F _ AVE 

1

N 1
 Fn

N n0

The frequency values for every one cycle are averaged within the interval period.

N : The number of the data in the interval period Un : The voltage RMS value of every one cycle In : The current RMS value of every one cycle Pn : The active power value of every one cycle Qn : The reactive power value of every one cycle Sn : The apparent power value of every one cycle PFn : The power factor value of every one cycle Fn : The frequency value of every one cycle si : Polarity of lead or lag (lag: no indication, lead: -)
By assuming when Qn 0, Q ; or when Qn < 0, Q'; No indication for si when Q |Q'| in the interval period. "-" is indicated for si when Q < |Q'|.

Appendix

213 Data output timing of the instantaneous, average, maximum, and minimum values
The maximum and minumum values of active power and reactive power

214 The maximum and minimum values of power factor
The display shows the average, maximum, and minimum values of the measurements taken up to the current time from the start of time-series measurement.

Index i

Index

Index
Numerics
2-power-meter method .................. 204
A
Accuracy by Clamp-On Sensor ................................ 188, 189, 190, 191 Automatic Output ........................... 146 Automatic Storage ......................... 133 Average ......................................... 104 average ...................................... 84, 86
B
Backlight .......................................... 93 Backup data file ............................. 119 BAUD RATE .................................... 92 Beep Sound ..................................... 94
C
Clamp-On Sensor ...................... 32, 71 Clock ................................................ 96 Computer ....................................... 149 Connection ....................................... 37 Contrast Control ............................... 20 Copying .......................................... 132 Copying a Screen .......................... 148 Copying Screen ............................. 139 CT .................................................... 70 Current flow direction arrow ............. 51 Current Input terminals .................... 20 Current Range ..................... 54, 57, 69

1
D
2 D/A Output .............................161, 163
D/A Output Terminal ................21, 161 Data Output Setting Screen .............72
3 Deleting a File ................................130
Demand ....................................85, 108 Display ...................................117, 118
4 Display Average Times ....................66
Dynamic range overflow warning .....57

E

5

External Input/Output Terminal 21, 155

F

6

File .................................................123
7 File Name .........................................80
file screen .........................................22 Files ................................................119
8 FLOW CONTROL ............................92
Formatting ..............................124, 125 Formulae ........................................184 Functions of the External Input/Output
9 Terminal .........................................156

H
10 Harmonic ..................................86, 109
Harmonic content ...................110, 113
11 Harmonic Graph .............................112
Harmonic level .......................110, 113 Harmonic List .................................109 Harmonic Phase Angles .................209 Harmonic-power phase angle 110, 113 Harmonic-voltage (current) phase angle
110, 113 Holding ...........................................118 IDX

Index
ii

I
ID No. ............................................... 95 Indicators ......................................... 24 input cord label ................................ 34 Inspection ........................................ 26 Instantaneous Values ...................... 99 Instantaneous values ..................... 101 instantaneous values ................. 84, 86 Integrated power ...................... 85, 107 Integrated Power Output Rate ....... 165 Internal Memory ............................. 124 Interval ..................................... 78, 135
K
KEY LOCK ....................................... 20
L
Language ......................................... 97 LCD .................................................. 93 Loading a Setting File .................... 128
M
Maximum ....................................... 104 maximum ................................... 84, 86 Measurement ................................... 73 Measurement data file ................... 119 Measurement Range ....................... 56 measurement screen ....................... 22 Measurement Setting Screen .......... 60 measurement start ........................... 73 measurement stop ........................... 75 Minimum Values ............................ 104 minimum values ......................... 84, 86 multiple circuits ................................ 40 Multiple-Circuit ................................. 47
N
Neutral Current ................................ 46 number of output data ...................... 83

O
Order ..........................................88, 91 Output Waveform ...........................168 Over range .......................................57
P
PC Card ...........................21, 121, 125 PC card ..........................................120 PLL ...................................................63 Power .............................................101 Power Cord ......................................28 Power Outage ................................173 Power Range Configuration ..188, 189, 190, ................................................191 POWER switch ..........................20, 36 Printer ............................................141 PT ....................................................68
R
Reactive-power-meter method .........65 Response .......................................166 RS-232C ..............21, 81, 92, 144, 150
S
Save/Print Items Setting Screen ......83 Saving ............................................119 Saving a Setting File ......................126 Saving Data .....................................79 Saving Measurement Data Manually ... 137 Screen copy file .............................119 Screen is to be Copied .....................82 Sensor ..............................................51 Setting file ......................................119 Setting Screen .................................59 setting screen ...................................22 start time ..........................................74 Status .............................................120 Stop Time .........................................76 Storable Time ...........................83, 135

System Reset ................................ 199 System Setting Screen .................... 89
T
TERMINATOR ................................. 92 THD ................................................. 90 THD-F .............................................. 90 THD-R .............................................. 90 TIMER .............................................. 75 Total Harmonic Distortion ................ 90
V
Version ............................................. 98 Voltage Cords ............................ 29, 50 Voltage cords ................................... 31 Voltage Input terminals .................... 20 Voltage Range ..................... 53, 56, 67 VT .................................................... 68
W
Waveform ...................................... 102 Waveform data file ......................... 119 WIRING CHECK .............................. 52 Wiring Diagram ................................ 38 Wiring Method .................................. 61
Z
Zoom Screen ................................. 117

Indexiii
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
IDX

Index

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