Industry Insights
Quest Diagnostics Drug Testing Index™
Table 1. Overall Positivity Rates
Urine Drug Tests - General U.S. Workforce
| Industry | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Admin Support, Waste & Remediation Services | 5.1% | 5.5% | 5.5% | 5.2% | 5.2% |
| Construction | 4.1% | 4.6% | 4.7% | 5.2% | 5.1% |
| Educational Services | 3.2% | 3.5% | 3.8% | 4.1% | 4.3% |
| Finance and Insurance | 3.3% | 3.3% | 3.6% | 3.8% | 3.7% |
| Health Care and Social Assistance | 4.8% | 5.1% | 5.3% | 5.3% | 5.6% |
| Information | 3.8% | 4.0% | 4.6% | 4.6% | 5.0% |
| Manufacturing | 4.0% | 4.5% | 4.5% | 4.4% | 4.3% |
| Other Services (except Public Administration) | 5.7% | 6.6% | 6.2% | 6.6% | 5.9% |
| Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | 3.8% | 4.4% | 4.3% | 4.7% | 5.0% |
| Public Administration | 3.3% | 3.5% | 4.0% | 4.2% | 4.4% |
| Real Estate Rental and Leasing | 5.0% | 5.2% | 4.7% | 5.5% | 4.8% |
| Retail Trade | 6.2% | 7.0% | 7.7% | 7.0% | 5.9% |
| Transportation and Warehousing | 4.4% | 5.5% | 5.3% | 4.8% | 4.3% |
| Wholesale Trade | 5.2% | 5.3% | 5.5% | 5.3% | 5.0% |
Table 2. Positivity Rates by Drug: Marijuana
Urine Drug Tests - General U.S. Workforce
| Industry | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Admin Support, Waste & Remediation Services | 3.6% | 4.2% | 4.4% | 4.5% | 4.7% |
| Construction | 2.5% | 2.9% | 3.0% | 3.6% | 3.6% |
| Educational Services | 1.0% | 1.2% | 1.4% | 1.6% | 1.8% |
| Finance and Insurance | 2.1% | 2.3% | 2.8% | 3.8% | 3.9% |
| Health Care and Social Assistance | 2.4% | 2.9% | 3.3% | 3.7% | 4.2% |
| Information | 2.7% | 3.0% | 3.6% | 3.5% | 4.2% |
| Manufacturing | 2.4% | 3.1% | 3.5% | 3.4% | 3.6% |
| Other Services (except Public Administration) | 3.7% | 5.0% | 5.1% | 5.7% | 5.1% |
| Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | 2.2% | 2.8% | 3.0% | 3.4% | 3.9% |
| Public Administration | 1.3% | 1.4% | 1.7% | 2.1% | 2.2% |
| Real Estate Rental and Leasing | 4.0% | 5.1% | 5.4% | 6.6% | 6.2% |
| Retail Trade | 5.0% | 6.4% | 8.1% | 8.2% | 8.0% |
| Transportation and Warehousing | 3.8% | 5.4% | 6.4% | 6.5% | 6.0% |
| Wholesale Trade | 3.8% | 4.5% | 5.4% | 5.7% | 5.4% |
Table 3. Positivity Rates by Drug: Cocaine
Urine Drug Tests - General U.S. Workforce
| Industry | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Admin Support, Waste & Remediation Services | 0.17% | 0.21% | 0.23% | 0.21% | 0.20% |
| Construction | 0.32% | 0.30% | 0.33% | 0.35% | 0.39% |
| Educational Services | 0.03% | 0.04% | 0.04% | 0.04% | 0.05% |
| Finance and Insurance | 0.06% | 0.06% | 0.06% | 0.07% | 0.08% |
| Health Care and Social Assistance | 0.13% | 0.12% | 0.13% | 0.16% | 0.18% |
| Information | 0.11% | 0.07% | 0.09% | 0.09% | 0.15% |
| Manufacturing | 0.16% | 0.19% | 0.20% | 0.21% | 0.22% |
| Other Services (except Public Administration) | 0.17% | 0.20% | 0.24% | 0.21% | 0.18% |
| Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | 0.12% | 0.11% | 0.13% | 0.16% | 0.19% |
| Public Administration | 0.10% | 0.10% | 0.09% | 0.15% | 0.14% |
| Real Estate Rental and Leasing | 0.20% | 0.22% | 0.29% | 0.28% | 0.26% |
| Retail Trade | 0.18% | 0.19% | 0.22% | 0.26% | 0.23% |
| Transportation and Warehousing | 0.20% | 0.24% | 0.26% | 0.26% | 0.26% |
| Wholesale Trade | 0.26% | 0.26% | 0.28% | 0.30% | 0.26% |
Table 4. Positivity Rates by Drug: Opiates
Urine Drug Tests - General U.S. Workforce
| Industry | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Admin Support, Waste & Remediation Services | 0.15% | 0.14% | 0.15% | 0.13% | 0.11% |
| Construction | 0.17% | 0.13% | 0.11% | 0.10% | 0.10% |
| Educational Services | 0.12% | 0.12% | 0.11% | 0.08% | 0.08% |
| Finance and Insurance | 0.10% | 0.10% | 0.10% | 0.09% | 0.07% |
| Health Care and Social Assistance | 0.29% | 0.23% | 0.23% | 0.21% | 0.19% |
| Information | 0.12% | 0.11% | 0.10% | 0.10% | 0.11% |
| Manufacturing | 0.18% | 0.16% | 0.12% | 0.12% | 0.10% |
| Other Services (except Public Administration) | 0.25% | 0.18% | 0.13% | 0.15% | 0.14% |
| Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | 0.13% | 0.13% | 0.11% | 0.11% | 0.10% |
| Public Administration | 0.16% | 0.14% | 0.16% | 0.12% | 0.10% |
| Real Estate Rental and Leasing | 0.15% | 0.15% | 0.14% | 0.14% | 0.12% |
| Retail Trade | 0.20% | 0.24% | 0.24% | 0.21% | 0.15% |
| Transportation and Warehousing | 0.09% | 0.08% | 0.08% | 0.06% | 0.05% |
| Wholesale Trade | 0.15% | 0.09% | 0.08% | 0.06% | 0.06% |
Table 5. Positivity Rates by Drug: Amphetamines (Amphetamine and Methamphetamine)
Urine Drug Tests - General U.S. Workforce
| Industry | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Admin Support, Waste & Remediation Services | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.4% | 1.3% | 1.4% |
| Construction | 1.1% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.5% |
| Educational Services | 1.7% | 1.9% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 2.2% |
| Finance and Insurance | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 1.5% |
| Health Care and Social Assistance | 1.4% | 1.5% | 1.7% | 1.8% | 2.0% |
| Information | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.5% | 1.5% | 1.6% |
| Manufacturing | 1.1% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.4% |
| Other Services (except Public Administration) | 1.4% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.4% |
| Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | 1.2% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 1.5% | 1.7% |
| Public Administration | 1.3% | 1.5% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 1.9% |
| Real Estate Rental and Leasing | 0.91% | 0.97% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.3% |
| Retail Trade | 1.0% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 1.4% |
| Transportation and Warehousing | 0.65% | 0.71% | 0.80% | 0.75% | 0.74% |
| Wholesale Trade | 0.96% | 1.0% | 1.2% | 1.1% | 1.3% |
Table 6. Positivity Rates by Drug: Amphetamine
Urine Drug Tests - General U.S. Workforce
| Industry | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Admin Support, Waste & Remediation Services | 1.0% | 1.0% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.4% |
| Construction | 1.0% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.2% | 1.4% |
| Educational Services | 1.7% | 1.9% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 2.2% |
| Finance and Insurance | 1.0% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 1.5% |
| Health Care and Social Assistance | 1.4% | 1.5% | 1.6% | 1.8% | 2.0% |
| Information | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.5% | 1.5% | 1.6% |
| Manufacturing | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 1.4% |
| Other Services (except Public Administration) | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.3% |
| Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.4% | 1.5% | 1.6% |
| Public Administration | 1.3% | 1.5% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 1.9% |
| Real Estate Rental and Leasing | 0.87% | 0.92% | 1.1% | 1.2% | 1.2% |
| Retail Trade | 1.0% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.4% |
| Transportation and Warehousing | 0.63% | 0.68% | 0.76% | 0.71% | 0.70% |
| Wholesale Trade | 0.92% | 0.97% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.2% |
Table 7. Positivity Rates by Drug: Methamphetamine
Urine Drug Tests - General U.S. Workforce
| Industry | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Admin Support, Waste & Remediation Services | 0.12% | 0.14% | 0.14% | 0.13% | 0.12% |
| Construction | 0.21% | 0.20% | 0.21% | 0.20% | 0.19% |
| Educational Services | 0.03% | 0.03% | 0.03% | 0.02% | 0.03% |
| Finance and Insurance | 0.04% | 0.04% | 0.04% | 0.05% | 0.05% |
| Health Care and Social Assistance | 0.10% | 0.09% | 0.09% | 0.11% | 0.12% |
| Information | 0.11% | 0.08% | 0.08% | 0.05% | 0.10% |
| Manufacturing | 0.15% | 0.17% | 0.15% | 0.14% | 0.14% |
| Other Services (except Public Administration) | 0.12% | 0.15% | 0.14% | 0.13% | 0.10% |
| Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | 0.09% | 0.09% | 0.10% | 0.11% | 0.13% |
| Public Administration | 0.07% | 0.07% | 0.06% | 0.09% | 0.09% |
| Real Estate Rental and Leasing | 0.15% | 0.16% | 0.20% | 0.19% | 0.19% |
| Retail Trade | 0.13% | 0.14% | 0.17% | 0.15% | 0.14% |
| Transportation and Warehousing | 0.11% | 0.12% | 0.15% | 0.14% | 0.12% |
| Wholesale Trade | 0.14% | 0.16% | 0.18% | 0.13% | 0.12% |
Quest, Quest Diagnostics, any associated logos, and all associated Quest Diagnostics registered or unregistered trademarks are the property of Quest Diagnostics. All third party marks - ® and ™ - are the property of their respective owners. © 2025 Quest Diagnostics Incorporated. All rights reserved. 9/2025
