MOXA IoThinx 4530 Series Advanced Controllers Manual
MOXA IoThinx 4530 Series Advanced Controllers

Gabatarwa

Wannan littafin jagorar mai amfani ya shafi ƙirar ioThinx 4530 Series da aka jera a ƙasa:

ioThinx 4530 jerin

ioThinx 4533-LX jerin
An rufe cikakkun bayanai game da daidaita saitunan ci gaba a cikin Babi na 3 da 4.

Farawa

Haɗa zuwa ioThinx 4530 Controller

Kuna buƙatar amfani da kwamfuta don haɗawa zuwa mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530 kuma don shiga ta hanyar layin umarni. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don haɗawa: ta hanyar tashar jiragen ruwa na serial ko ta tashar tashar Ethernet. Koma zuwa ioThinx 4530 Series Hardware Manual don ganin yadda ake saita haɗin jiki.

Tsohuwar sunan mai amfani da kalmar wucewa sune:

Sunan mai amfani: moxa
Kalmar wucewa: moxa

Sunan mai amfani da kalmar sirri iri ɗaya ne ga duk serial console da SSH ayyukan shiga nesa. An kashe tushen shiga asusun har sai kun ƙirƙiri kalmar sirri don asusun da hannu. Moxa mai amfani yana cikin rukunin sudo don ku iya sarrafa umarnin matakin tsarin tare da wannan mai amfani ta amfani da umarnin sudo. Don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai, duba sashin Sudo Mechanism a babi na 5

HANKALI
Don dalilai na tsaro, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku kashe tsoffin asusun mai amfani da ƙirƙirar asusun mai amfani na ku.

Haɗa Ta Serial Console

Wannan hanya tana da amfani musamman lokacin amfani da kwamfutar a karon farko. Ana watsa siginar ta hanyar haɗin kai tsaye don haka ba kwa buƙatar sanin ɗayan adiresoshin IP ɗin sa guda biyu don haɗawa da mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530. Don haɗa ta hanyar na'ura mai kwakwalwa ta serial, saita tasha software ta PC ta amfani da saitunan masu zuwa.

Serial Console Port Saituna
Baure 115200 bps
Daidaituwa Babu
Bayanan bayanai 8
Tsaida ragowa 1
Kula da kwarara Babu
Tasha Saukewa: VT100

A ƙasa muna nuna yadda ake amfani da software na tasha don haɗawa da mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530 a cikin mahallin Linux kuma a cikin yanayin Windows.

Masu amfani Linux

NOTE Waɗannan matakan sun shafi Linux PC ɗin da kuke amfani da su don haɗawa zuwa mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530. KADA KA yi amfani da waɗannan matakan zuwa ioThinx 4530 mai sarrafa kanta.

Ɗauki matakai masu zuwa don haɗawa zuwa ioThinx 4530 mai sarrafa daga Linux PC.

  1. Shigar minicom daga ma'ajiyar fakitin tsarin aikin ku. Don Centos da Fedora:
    mai amfani @ PC1: ~# yum -y shigar minicom
    Don Ubuntu da Debian:
    mai amfani @ PC2: ~# apt-samun shigar minicom 
  2. Yi amfani da umarnin minicom –s don shigar da menu na sanyi kuma saita saitunan tashar tashar jiragen ruwa.
    mai amfani @ PC1: ~# minicom –s
  3. Zaɓi saitin tashar jiragen ruwa na Serial
    Saitin tashar jirgin ruwa
  4. Zaɓi A don canza na'urar serial. Lura cewa kana buƙatar sanin ko wane kumburin na'ura ya haɗa da mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530.
    Menu
  5. Zaɓi E don saita saitunan tashar jiragen ruwa bisa ga Teburin Saitunan Saitunan Port Console da aka bayar.
  6. Zaɓi Ajiye saitin azaman dfl (daga babban menu na daidaitawa) don amfani da tsoffin ƙima.
  7. Zaɓi Fita daga minicom (daga menu na daidaitawa) don barin menu na daidaitawa.
  8. Yi minicom bayan kammala saitunan da ke sama.
    Menu

Masu amfani da Windows

NOTE Waɗannan matakan sun shafi Windows PC ɗin da kuke amfani da su don haɗawa zuwa mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530. KADA KA yi amfani da waɗannan matakan zuwa ioThinx 4530 mai sarrafa kanta.

Ɗauki matakai masu zuwa don haɗawa zuwa ioThinx 4530 mai sarrafa daga Windows PC.

  1. Zazzage PUTTY http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html don saita hanyar haɗin kai tare da ioThinx 4530 mai sarrafawa a cikin yanayin Windows.
  2. Da zarar an kafa haɗin, taga mai zuwa zai buɗe.
    Menu na taga
  3. Zaɓi nau'in haɗin kai na Serial kuma zaɓi saituna

Haɗa Ta hanyar SSH Console

Mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530 yana goyan bayan haɗin SSH akan hanyar sadarwar Ethernet. Yi amfani da tsoffin adiresoshin IP masu zuwa don haɗawa zuwa mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530.

Port Tsohuwar IP
Farashin LAN1 192.168.127.254
Farashin LAN2 192.168.126.254

Masu amfani Linux 

NOTE Waɗannan matakan sun shafi Linux PC ɗin da kuke amfani da su don haɗawa zuwa mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530. KADA KA yi amfani da waɗannan matakan zuwa ioThinx 4530 mai sarrafa kanta. Kafin ku gudanar da umarnin ssh, tabbatar da saita adireshin IP na littafin rubutu / PC's Ethernet interface a cikin kewayon 192.168.127.0/24 don LAN1 da 192.168.126.0/24 don LAN2.

Yi amfani da umarnin ssh daga kwamfutar Linux don samun dama ga tashar LAN4530 mai sarrafa ioThinx 1.

LAN1 tashar jiragen ruwa

Rubuta eh don kammala haɗin.
LAN1 tashar jiragen ruwa

HANKALI
Rekey SSH akai-akai
Domin tabbatar da tsarin ku, muna ba da shawarar yin SSH-rekey na yau da kullun, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin matakai masu zuwa:
Lokacin da aka nemi kalmar wucewa, bar kalmar wucewar komai kuma latsa shigar.
Menu

Don ƙarin bayani game da SSH, koma zuwa hanyar haɗi mai zuwa.

https://wiki.debian.org/SSH

Masu amfani da Windows

NOTE Waɗannan matakan sun shafi Windows PC ɗin da kuke amfani da su don haɗawa zuwa mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530. KADA KA yi amfani da waɗannan matakan zuwa ioThinx 4530 mai sarrafa kanta.

Ɗauki matakai masu zuwa daga PC ɗinku na Windows. Danna mahaɗin http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html don zazzage PuTTY (software kyauta) don saita na'urar wasan bidiyo na SSH don ioThinx 4530 mai sarrafa a cikin yanayin Windows. Hoton da ke gaba yana nuna tsohon mai sauƙiample na daidaitawar da ake buƙata.

Menu na taga

NOTE Jerin ioThinx 4530 yana goyan bayan haɗin SSH kawai.

Gudanar da Asusun Mai amfani

Canjawa zuwa Tushen Account 

Kuna iya canzawa zuwa tushen ta amfani da sudo -i (ko sudo su). Don dalilai na tsaro, kar a sarrafa duk umarni daga tushen asusun.

NOTE Danna mahaɗin mai zuwa don ƙarin bayani akan umarnin sudo. https://wiki.debian.org/sudo

HANKALI
Kuna iya samun iznin hana saƙo lokacin amfani da bututu ko juya hali tare da asusun da ba tushen tushe ba. Dole ne ku yi amfani da 'sudo su -c' don gudanar da umarni maimakon amfani da >, <, >>, <<, da sauransu.

Lura: Ana buƙatar ƙididdiga guda ɗaya a kusa da cikakken umarni.

Ƙirƙirar da Share Asusun Mai amfani 

Kuna iya amfani da useradd da umarnin mai amfani don ƙirƙira da share asusun mai amfani. Tabbatar da yin la'akari da babban shafi na waɗannan umarni don saita gata mai dacewa ga asusun. Mai zuwa example yana nuna yadda ake ƙirƙirar mai amfani da test1 a cikin ƙungiyar sudo wanda tsohuwar harsashi ta shiga bash kuma yana da kundin adireshi a / gida/test1:

Menu

Don canza kalmar sirri don gwaji1, yi amfani da zaɓin kalmar sirri tare da sabon kalmar sirri. Sake buga kalmar wucewa don tabbatar da canjin.

Menu

Don share gwajin mai amfani1, yi amfani da umarnin mai amfani.
Menu

Kashe Default User Account

HANKALI
Ya kamata ka fara ƙirƙirar asusun mai amfani kafin ka kashe tsohon asusun.

Yi amfani da umarnin passwd don kulle tsohuwar asusun mai amfani don haka moxa mai amfani ba zai iya shiga ba.
Menu

Buga umarni mai zuwa don buɗe moxa mai amfani:
Menu

Saitunan hanyar sadarwa

Ana saita Interfaces na Ethernet 

Bayan shiga na farko, zaku iya saita saitunan cibiyar sadarwar ioThinx 4530 don dacewa da aikace-aikacenku mafi kyau. Lura cewa ya fi dacewa don sarrafa saitunan kewayon cibiyar sadarwa daga na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa fiye da daga shiga SSH saboda haɗin SSH na iya cire haɗin gwiwa lokacin da al'amuran cibiyar sadarwa kuma dole ne a sake kafa haɗin.

Gyara Saitunan hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar Serial Console

A cikin wannan sashe, muna amfani da serial console don saita saitunan cibiyar sadarwar ioThinx 4530 mai sarrafawa. Bi umarnin da ke cikin Haɗin zuwa sashin sarrafawa na ioThinx 4530 a ƙarƙashin Farawa don samun damar Console Utility na kwamfutar da aka yi niyya ta tashar tashar Console na serial sannan a buga cd/etc/network don canza kundayen adireshi.

Menu

Buga sudo vi musaya don gyara saitunan cibiyar sadarwa file a cikin editan vi. Kuna iya saita tashoshin Ethernet na ioThinx 4530 don amfani da adiresoshin IP na tsaye ko masu ƙarfi (DHCP).

Saita adreshin IP a tsaye

Don saita adreshin IP na tsaye don mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530, yi amfani da umarnin iface don gyara tsohuwar ƙofa, adireshi, cibiyar sadarwa, netmask, da sigogin watsa shirye-shirye na mu'amalar Ethernet.

Menu

Saitin Adireshin IP mai ƙarfi:

Don saita tashar LAN ɗaya ko duka biyu don buƙatar adireshin IP a hankali yi amfani da zaɓi na dhcp a maimakon a tsaye a cikin umarnin iface, kamar haka:

Saitin Default don LAN1 Saiti mai ƙarfi ta amfani da DHCP
Iface eth0 inet static

Adireshin: 192.168.127.254

network 192.168.127.0

netmask 255.255.255.0

watsa shirye-shirye 192.168.127.255

Ethernet dcp
Gudanar da Tsarin

Neman Sigar Firmware

Don duba sigar firmware na ioThinx 4530, rubuta:
Menu

Ƙara -a zaɓi don ƙirƙirar cikakken sigar gini:
Menu

Daidaita Lokaci

Mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530 yana da saitunan lokaci biyu. Ɗaya shine lokacin tsarin, ɗayan kuma shine lokacin RTC (Real Time Clock) wanda kayan aikin ioThinx 4530 ke kiyaye shi. Yi amfani da umarnin kwanan wata don bincika lokacin tsarin yanzu ko saita sabon lokacin tsarin. Yi amfani da umarnin hwclock don bincika lokacin RTC na yanzu ko saita sabon lokacin RTC.

Yi amfani da kwanan wata MMDDhhmmYYYY umarnin don saita lokacin tsarin:
MM = Wata
DD = Kwanan wata
hhmm = awa da minti

Menu

Yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa don saita lokacin RTC zuwa lokacin tsarin:

Menu

NOTE Danna hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizon don ƙarin bayani kan kwanan wata da lokaci:
https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/system-administrator/ch-sysadmin-time.html https://wiki.debian.org/DateTime

Saita Yankin Lokaci

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don saita yankin lokacin kwamfuta na Moxa. Ɗaya yana amfani da maballin TZ. Sauran yana amfani da /etc/localtime file.

Yin amfani da TZ Variable

Tsarin canjin yanayi na TZ yayi kama da haka: TZ=HH[:MM[:SS] [hasken rana[HH[:MM[:SS]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]] Anan akwai yuwuwar saiti don yankin lokaci na Gabashin Amurka:

  1. TZ=EST5EDT
  2. TZ=EST0EDT
  3. TZ=EST0

A cikin yanayin farko, lokacin tunani shine GMT kuma ƙimar lokacin da aka adana daidai ne a duk duniya. Sauƙaƙan canjin canjin TZ na iya buga lokacin gida daidai a kowane yanki na lokaci.

A cikin shari'a ta biyu, lokacin tunani shine daidaitaccen lokacin Gabas kuma kawai juzu'in da aka yi shine don Lokacin Ajiye Hasken Rana. Don haka, babu buƙatar daidaita agogon kayan aiki don Lokacin Ajiye Hasken Rana sau biyu a shekara.

A cikin shari'a ta uku, lokacin tunani koyaushe shine lokacin da aka ruwaito. Kuna iya amfani da wannan zaɓi idan agogon kayan masarufi akan injin ku ya daidaita ta atomatik don Lokacin Ajiye Hasken Rana ko kuna son daidaita lokacin kayan aikin da hannu sau biyu a shekara.

Menu

Dole ne ku haɗa saitin TZ a cikin /etc/rc.local file. Za a kunna saitin yankin lokacin lokacin da ka sake kunna kwamfutar.
Tebur mai zuwa yana lissafin wasu ƙididdiga masu yuwuwa don canjin yanayi na TZ:

Awanni Daga Lokacin Ma'anar Greenwich (GMT) Daraja Bayani
0 GMT Lokacin Ma'anar Greenwich
+1 ECT Lokacin Tsakiyar Turai
+2 EET Lokacin Gabashin Turai
+2 ART  
+3 CI Saudi Arabia
+3.5 MET Iran
+4 NET  
+5 PLT Yammacin Asiya
+5.5 IST Indiya
+6 BST Asiya ta tsakiya
+7 VST Bangkok
+8 CTT China
+9 JST Japan
+9.5 ACT Ostiraliya ta Tsakiya
+10 AET Gabashin Ostiraliya
+11 SST Tsakiyar Pacific
+12 NST New Zealand
-11 MIT Samoa
-10 HT Hawai
-9 AST Alaska
-8 PST Daidaiton Lokacin Pacific
Awanni Daga Lokacin Ma'anar Greenwich (GMT) Daraja Bayani
-7 PNT Arizona
-7 MST Tsawon Lokaci
-6 CST Tsawon Lokaci na Tsakiya
-5 EST Lokacin Gabashin Gabas
-5 IET Indiana Gabas
-4 PRT Atlantic Standard Time
-3.5 CNT Newfoundland
-3 AGT Gabashin Kudancin Amurka
-3 BET Gabashin Kudancin Amurka
-1 CAT Azores

160 Yin amfani da lokacin gida File

Ana adana yankin lokaci na gida a /etc/localtime kuma GNU Library don C (glibc) ke amfani da shi idan ba a saita ƙima don canjin yanayi na TZ ba. Wannan file ko dai kwafin /usr/share/zoneinfo/ file ko kuma hanyar haɗi ta alama zuwa gare shi. Mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530 baya bayar da /usr/share/zoneinfo/ files. Ya kamata ku nemo bayanin yankin lokaci mai dacewa file kuma rubuta akan ainihin lokacin gida file a cikin ioThinx 4530 mai sarrafawa

Ƙayyade Samuwar Space Drive

Don ƙayyade adadin sararin abin tuƙi, yi amfani da umarnin df tare da -h tag. Tsarin zai dawo da adadin sararin tuƙi da ya lalace file tsarin. Ga wani tsohonampda:

Umurnin taga

Kashe Na'urar

Don kashe na'urar, cire haɗin tushen wutar lantarki zuwa kwamfutar. Lokacin da kwamfutar ke kashe wuta, manyan abubuwan da ke aiki kamar CPU, RAM, da na'urorin ajiya suna kashe su, kodayake agogon ciki wanda babban capacitor zai iya ci gaba da gudana. Kuna iya amfani da umarnin rufe Linux don rufe duk software da ke aiki akan na'urar kuma dakatar da tsarin. Koyaya, manyan abubuwan kamar CPU, RAM, da na'urorin ajiya za su ci gaba da samun ƙarfi bayan kun gudanar da wannan umarni.
moxa@Moxa:~$ sudo shutdown -h yanzu

Sabunta Firmware da farfadowa da tsarin

Sabunta Firmware da Saita-zuwa-Tsoffin Ayyuka

Saita-zuwa-Tsoffin

  1. Kashe na'urar.
  2. Latsa ka riƙe maɓallin sake saiti; yayin riƙe maɓallin sake saiti:
    a. Ƙarfi akan na'urar; LED ɗin RDY zai lumshe kore yayin da na'urar ke tashi sama.
    b. Bayan na'urar ta tashi, RDY LED zai kiftawa ja; ci gaba da rike maɓallin sake saiti har sai RDY LED ya daina kiftawa.
  3. Saki maɓallin sake saiti don loda tsoffin saitunan masana'anta.
    Don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai kan LEDs, koma zuwa jagorar shigarwa cikin sauri ko littafin mai amfani don mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530 na ku.

NOTE Ya kamata ya ɗauki kusan daƙiƙa 20 daga lokacin da RDY LED ya fara kiftawar kore har sai ya daina kiftawar ja.

HANKALI
Sake saitin-zuwa tsoho zai goge duk bayanan da aka adana akan ma'ajiyar taya
Ajiye ku files kafin sake saita tsarin zuwa ma'auni na asali. Duk bayanan da aka adana a cikin ma'ajiyar boot na ioThinx 4530 za a lalata su bayan an sake saita su zuwa gazawar masana'anta.

Hakanan zaka iya amfani da umarnin mx-set-def don dawo da mai sarrafa ioThinx 4530 zuwa madaidaitan masana'anta:

moxa@Moxa:~$ sudo mx-set-def 

Sabunta Firmware Ta Amfani da Sabar SFTP ko Katin microSD

Ana sabunta Firmware Karkashin Yanayin OS

  1. Don sabunta firmware, shiga cikin samfurin ta hanyar na'urar wasan bidiyo na serial. Ana iya samun umarni kan yadda ake haɗawa da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa a cikin ioThinx 4530 Hardware User's Manual.
  2. Sanya firmware (*.sh) file zuwa na'urar ioThinx 4530 ta hanyar uwar garken SFTP ko katin MicroSD.
  3. Yi amfani da waɗannan umarni don sabunta firmware.
    Umurnin taga
  4. Bayan an gama sabunta firmware, ioThinx 4530 zai sake farawa ta atomatik. Yi amfani da umarnin kversion don bincika sigar firmware.

Ana sabunta Firmware A ƙarƙashin Yanayin BIOS

  1. Don sabunta firmware, shiga ta cikin serial console. Ana iya samun umarni kan yadda ake haɗawa da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa a cikin Manual User Hardware don ioThinx 4533.
  2. Bayan kunna kwamfutar, danna Share don shigar da saitunan bootloader.
    Umurnin taga
  3. Shigar da 1 don sabunta firmware ta katin microSD. Key a cikin file sunan firmware
    Umurnin taga
  4. Bayan sabunta firmware, zaɓi Je zuwa Linux don buɗe na'urar wasan bidiyo na OS.
    Umurnin taga

Jagorar Shirye-shirye

Danna hanyar haɗin da ke biyowa don zazzage Jagorar Shirye-shiryen ioThinx 4530:
https://www.moxa.com/en/products/industrial-edge connectivity/controllers-and-ios/advanced-controllersand-i-os/iothinx-4530 series#resources Jagorar Shirye-shiryen ioThinx 4530 ya ƙunshi sassan masu zuwa:

Lissafin Lokacin Zagayowar

An ayyana lokacin zagayowar mai sarrafawa a matsayin nawa ne lokacin da CPU ke buƙatar yin zaɓen matsayin duk samfuran IO. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci tunda yana bawa masu amfani damar tabbatar da cewa mai sarrafa zai iya sarrafa aikace-aikacen su a cikin ƙayyadadden lokacin. Lissafin lokacin zagayowar yana dogara ne akan tebur mai zuwa. Ana ƙididdige lokacin zagayowar ga kowane rukuni na nau'ikan nau'ikan 45M takwas da aka haɗa. Lokacin zagayowar ƙungiya shine jimlar lokacin zagayowar module na farko a cikin rukuni (lokacin da ke shafi na 1) da lokutan zagayowar na 2 zuwa 8th modules (saukan da ke shafi na 2) a cikin rukuni. Don ƙididdige lokacin sake zagayowar ioThinx 4530 Series CPU, kawai ƙara lokutan zagayowar duk ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da ioThinx, sannan ƙara lokacin har zuwa millisecond mafi kusa.

  Lokacin zagayowar a matsayin module 1st a daya

rukuni (µs)

Lokacin zagayowar a matsayin na 2nd zuwa 8th module na daya

rukuni (µs)

Saukewa: 45MR-1600 1200 100
Saukewa: 45MR-1601 1200 100
Saukewa: 45MR-2404 1300 100
Saukewa: 45MR-2600 1200 100
Saukewa: 45MR-2601 1200 100
Saukewa: 45MR-2606 1200 100
Saukewa: 45MR-3800 1300 200
Saukewa: 45MR-3810 1300 200
Saukewa: 45MR-6600 1500 300
Saukewa: 45MR-6810 1500 300

Mun samar da biyu exampdon kwatanta lissafin lokacin zagayowar.
Kaso 1. 4-guda 45MR-1600 da 4-guda 45MR-2601.

Saukewa: 1MR-45 Moduli na biyu: 2MR-45 Saukewa: 3MR-45 Saukewa: 4MR-45 Saukewa: 5MR-45 Saukewa: 6MR-45 Saukewa: 7MR-45 Saukewa: 8MR-45

A wannan yanayin, nau'ikan nau'ikan takwas sun samar da rukuni ɗaya. Lokacin zagayowar wannan haɗin shine 1900 µs = 1200 µs + 7 x 100 µs. Jerin ioThinx 4530 zai tattara lokacin zagayowar zuwa matakin ms, sabili da haka lokacin sake zagayowar wannan haɗin shine 2 ms.

Case 2. 4 x 45MR-1600, 4 x 45MR-2601, 2 x 45MR-3800. 

Saukewa: 1MR-45 Moduli na biyu: 2MR-45 Saukewa: 3MR-45 Saukewa: 4MR-45 Saukewa: 5MR-45 Saukewa: 6MR-45 Saukewa: 7MR-45 Saukewa: 8MR-45 Saukewa: 9MR-45 Saukewa: 10MR-45

A wannan yanayin, an raba nau'ikan 10 a cikin ƙungiyoyi biyu. An zayyana rukuni na farko da ja a sama, yayin da rukuni na biyu kuma aka zayyana shi da lemu. Haɗin samfuran a rukunin farko iri ɗaya ne da na Case 1, wanda aka nuna yana da lokacin sake zagayowar = 1900 µs. Ga rukuni na biyu, lokacin sake zagayowar shine 1500 µs = 1300 µs + 200 µs. Saboda haka, jimlar lokacin zagayowar ƙungiyoyin biyu shine 3400 µs = 1900 µs + 1500 µs, wanda idan aka tattara har zuwa sakamakon ms mafi kusa a cikin jimlar lokacin sake zagayowar = 4 ms.

Takardu / Albarkatu

MOXA IoThinx 4530 Series Advanced Controllers [pdf] Manual mai amfani
Jerin IoThinx 4530, Manyan Masu Gudanarwa, IoThinx 4530 Series Advanced Controllers

Magana

Bar sharhi

Ba za a buga adireshin imel ɗin ku ba. Ana yiwa filayen da ake buƙata alama *