CUBE-NFC6 High-Performance HF Reader
Manual mai amfani

UM2616 X-CUBE-NFC6 Babban Ayyukan HF Mai Karatu

Farawa tare da X-CUBE-NFC6 babban aikin HF reader/NFC initiator IC fadada software don STM32Cube
Gabatarwa
Fadada software na X-CUBE-NFC6 don STM32Cube yana ba da cikakkiyar tsaka-tsaki don STM32 don sarrafa aikace-aikacen ta amfani da ST25R3916 / ST25R3916B babban aikin NFC gaba-gaba IC mai goyan bayan NFC mai ƙaddamarwa, manufa, mai karatu, da hanyoyin kwaikwayon kati.
An gina faɗaɗawa a saman fasahar software ta STM32Cube don sauƙaƙe ɗaukar hoto a cikin na'urorin STM32 daban-daban. Software yana zuwa tare da sample aiwatar da direbobin da ke gudana akan allon fadada X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1/X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 da aka toshe a saman hukumar ci gaban NUCLO-L053R8 ko NUCLEO-L476RG.
Hanyoyin haɗi: Ziyarci yanayin yanayin STM32Cube web shafi na www.st.com don ƙarin bayani

Acronyms da gajarta

Tebura 1. Jerin gajarta

Acronym	Bayani
NFC	Kusa da sadarwar filin
GASKIYA	RF Abstract Layer
P2P	Tsara-da-tsara
MCU	Naúrar Microcontroller
BSP	Kunshin goyan bayan allo
HAL	Hardware abstraction Layer
LED	Haske mai fitar da diode
SPI	Serial na gefe dubawa
SMS	Arm Cortexmicrocontroller mizanin dubawar software

X-CUBE-NFC6 fadada software don STM32Cube
2.1 Kuview
Kunshin software na X-CUBE-NFC6 yana faɗaɗa aikin STM32Cube. Muhimman abubuwan fakitin sune:

• Cikakkun kayan tsakiya don gina aikace-aikace ta amfani da ST25R3916/ST25R3916B babban aikin HF reader/NFC gaban-karshen IC.
• Sampda aikace-aikacen don gano NFC tags nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan wayoyin hannu da ke tallafawa P2P, yanayin kwaikwayi kati, da karantawa/rubutu.
• Sampaikace-aikacen karantawa da rubuta saƙonnin NDEF.
• Sampabubuwan aiwatarwa akwai don allon fadada X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1/X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 da aka toshe akan hukumar ci gaban NUCLO-L053R8 ko NUCLEO-L476RG.
• Sauƙaƙan ɗaukar nauyi a cikin iyalai daban-daban na MCU, godiya ga STM32Cube.
• Cikakken RF/NFC abstraction (RFAL) don duk manyan fasahohi, gami da cikakken ISO-DEP da NFCDEP.
• Kyauta, sharuɗɗan lasisin mai amfani.

Wannan software ta ƙunshi manyan direbobin IC masu karanta HF/NFC don na'urar ST25R3916/ST25R3916B, tana aiki akan STM32. An gina shi a saman fasahar software na STM32Cube don sauƙaƙe ɗaukar hoto a cikin na'urorin STM32 daban-daban. Wannan fakitin firmware ya haɗa da direbobin na'ura, fakitin tallafin allo, da kamar yaddaampaikace-aikacen da ke nuna amfanin X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1/X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 allon fadadawa tare da allon STM32 Nucleo.
A sampaikace-aikacen yana daidaita ST25R3916/ST25R3916B a cikin madauki na jefa ƙuri'a don gano na'urar aiki da aiki. Lokacin da m tag ko kuma aka gano na'ura mai aiki, filin mai karatu yana nuna alamar fasahar da aka gano ta hanyar kunna LED mai dacewa. Hakanan yana yiwuwa a saita ST25R3916/ST25R3916B a cikin yanayin farkawa ta hanyar latsa maɓallin mai amfani. A yayin wannan madauki na sampHakanan aikace-aikacen yana saita ST25R3916/ST25R3916B a cikin yanayin kwaikwayi katin don gano gaban mai karatu. Nunin yana yin rajistar duk ayyukan tare da tashar ST-LINK kama-da-wane COM tashar zuwa mai masaukin tsarin.
Dabarun fasahar RFID da ke cikin wannan demo sune:

• ISO14443A/NFC
• ISO14443B/NFCB
• Felica/NCF
• ISO15693/NFCV
• P2P mai aiki
• Nau'in Katin A da F

2.2 Gine-gine
Wannan ingantaccen haɓaka software don STM32Cube yana ba ku damar haɓaka aikace-aikace ta amfani da ST25R3916/ST25R3916B babban aikin HF reader/NFC initiator IC. Ya dogara ne akan Layer abstraction hardware STM32CubeHAL don STM32 microcontroller kuma ya shimfiɗa STM32Cube tare da kunshin tallafin allo (BSP) don kwamitin fadada X-NUCLEO- FC06A1 / X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1. Software na aikace-aikacen na iya samun dama da amfani da allon faɗaɗa X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1/X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 ta hanyar yadudduka masu zuwa:
STM32Cube HAL Layer: Layer direban HAL yana ba da tsari mai sauƙi na jeneriki, APIs masu yawa (musamman shirye-shiryen aikace-aikacen) don yin hulɗa tare da manyan yadudduka ( aikace-aikace, ɗakunan karatu da tari). Waɗannan APIs na gabaɗaya da haɓaka an gina su kai tsaye akan gine-gine na gama-gari kuma suna ba da damar manyan yadudduka kamar middleware don aiwatar da ayyukansu ba tare da dogaro da takamaiman bayanan kayan masarufi ba (MCU). Wannan tsarin yana inganta sake amfani da lambar ɗakin karatu kuma yana ba da garantin ɗaukar sauƙi a cikin sauran na'urori.

• Kunshin tallafi na Board (BSP): yana ba da tallafi ga abubuwan da ke kan allon STM32 Nucleo (ban da MCU). Wannan saitin APIs yana ba da hanyar sadarwa na shirye-shirye don wasu takamaiman na'urori na allo kamar LED, maɓallin mai amfani da sauransu. Wannan ƙirar kuma tana taimaka muku gano takamaiman nau'in allo.
• Layer NRF abstraction Layer (RFAL): RFAL yana ba da ayyuka da yawa don sadarwar RF/NFC. Yana haɗa nau'ikan RF ICs daban-daban (samfurin ST25R3911B dangin samfurin da na'urorin ST25R391x na gaba) ƙarƙashin ƙa'idar gama gari da sauƙin amfani.

Ka'idojin da RFAL suka bayar sune:

• ISO-DEP (ISO14443-4 Data Link Layer, T=CL)
• NFC-DEP (ISO18092 Ka'idar Musanya Bayanai)
• NFC-A \ ISO14443A (T1T, T2T, T4TA)
• NFC-B \ ISO14443B (T4TB)
• NFC-F \ FeliCa (T3T)
• NFC-V \ ISO15693 (T5T)
• P2P ISO18092 (NFCIP1, P2P mai saurin aiki)
• ST25TB (ISO14443-2 Nau'in B tare da Yarjejeniyar Mallaka) Na ciki,

RFAL ya kasu kashi uku:

• RF HL - RF mafi girma Layer
• RF HAL-RF Layer abstraction hardware
• RF AL - RF abstraction Layer

Hoto 1. Tsarin toshe RFAL

Farashin RF		Farashin NFC
RFAL	yarjejeniya	ISO DEP				Farashin NFC
	Fasaha	NFC-A	NFC-B	NFC•F	NFC-V	TIT	Saukewa: T2T	TAT	Saukewa: ST25TB
Farashin HAL		RF
		Tsarin RF
		Saukewa: ST25R3911		Saukewa: ST25R3916			Saukewa: ST25R95

Modulolin da ke cikin RF HAL sun dogara ga guntu, suna aiwatar da direban RF IC, teburin daidaitawa, da takamaiman umarni don HW don yin ayyukan RF na zahiri. Keɓancewar mai kira babban jigon RF ne file wanda ke ba da ƙirar iri ɗaya don manyan yadudduka (ga duk kwakwalwan kwamfuta). Ana iya raba RFAL zuwa wasu ƙarin masu biyan kuɗi biyu:

• Fasaha: ƙirar fasaha waɗanda ke aiwatar da duk ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, tsarawa, lokaci, da sauransu
•  Protocols: aiwatar da yarjejeniya gami da duk tsararru, lokaci, sarrafa kuskure, da sauransu.

A saman waɗannan, Layer ɗin aikace-aikacen yana amfani da ayyukan RFAL kamar NFC Forum Activities (NFCC), EMVCo, DISCO/NUCLO demo, da dai sauransu. Tsarin RFAL NFC yana ba da hanyar sadarwa don yin ayyukan gama gari azaman na'urorin poller/sauraro. Ana ba da dama ga mafi ƙanƙanta ayyuka na ICs ta tsarin RF. Mai kira zai iya yin amfani da kai tsaye ta kowane fasaha na RF ko yadudduka na yarjejeniya ba tare da buƙatar kowane takamaiman bayanan saitin kayan masarufi ba.
Hoto 2. X-CUBE-NFC6 kayan aikin software

2.3 Tsarin fayil

Ana haɗa manyan fayiloli masu zuwa a cikin fakitin software:

• Takardun bayanai: wannan babban fayil ɗin ya ƙunshi haɗaɗɗen HTML file wanda aka samar daga lambar tushe wanda ke ba da cikakken bayani game da abubuwan software da APIs.
• Direbobi: wannan babban fayil ɗin yana ƙunshe da direbobin HAL, takamaiman direbobin allo don kowane allon tallafi ko dandamali na kayan masarufi, gami da abubuwan da ke kan allo, da Layer abstraction hardware mai zaman kansa mai siyar da CMSIS don jerin abubuwan sarrafawa na Cortex-M.
• Middlewares: wannan babban fayil ya ƙunshi RFAL (RF abstraction Layer). RFAL yana ba da ayyuka da yawa da ake buƙata don yin sadarwar RF/NFC. Ƙungiyoyin RFAL daban-daban na RF ICs (ST25R3911/ST25R3916/ST25R3916B da na'urorin ST25R391x na gaba) a ƙarƙashin ƙa'idar gama gari da sauƙin amfani.
• Ayyuka: wannan babban fayil ya ƙunshi s biyuampda aikace-aikace exampda:
  – Tag Gane-Katin kwaikwayo
  – Karanta kuma Rubuta saƙon NDEF

Ana ba da su don dandalin NUCLO-L476RG ko NUCLO-L053R8 don yanayin ci gaba guda uku (IAR Embedded Workbench for ARM, Keil Microcontroller Development Kit (MDK-ARM), da STM32CubeIDE.
2.4 APIs
Ana iya samun cikakkun bayanan fasaha game da APIs da ake samu ga mai amfani a cikin CHM da aka haɗa file yana cikin babban fayil na “RFAL” na fakitin software inda aka siffanta duk ayyuka da sigogi. Ana samun cikakkun bayanan fasaha game da APIs NDEF a cikin .chm file adana a cikin "doc" babban fayil.
2.5 Sampda aikace-aikace
A sample aikace-aikace ta amfani da X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1 / X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 fadada allon tare da NUCLEOL476RG ko NUCLO-L053R8 ci gaban hukumar aka bayar a cikin "Projects" directory. Akwai shirye-shiryen ginawa don IDE masu yawa. A cikin wannan aikace-aikacen, NFC tags ST2R25/ST3916R25B mai karanta HF mai girma/NFC gaban-karshen IC (don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai, duba takaddun CHM) file wanda aka samo daga lambar tushe). Bayan ƙaddamarwar tsarin da daidaitawar agogo, LED101, LED102, LED103, LED104, LED105 da LED106 suna ƙiftawa har sau 3. Sannan LED106 yana haskakawa don nuna an kunna filin mai karatu. Lokacin a tag Ana gano shi a kusanci, ana kunna LED kamar yadda aka jera a ƙasa.
Tebur 2. LED ya kunna tag ganowa

NFC tag nau'in	LED ya kunna tag ganowa
NFC TYPE F	LED101/ Nau'in F
NFC TYPE B	LED102/Nau'in B
NFC TYPE A	LED103/ nau'in A
NFC TYPE V	LED104/ Nau'in V
NFC TYPE AP2P	LED105/Nau'in AP2P

Idan mai karatu ya kusanci allon fadada X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1/X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1, software ta shiga yanayin kwaikwayon katin kuma, dangane da nau'in umarni, yana kunna NFC TYPE A da/ko NFC TYPE FLED akan.
Ta hanyar tsoho, X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1/X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 baya rubuta bayanai zuwa ga tag, amma ana iya kunna wannan yuwuwar ta pre-processor da aka ayyana a cikin file demo.h.
Hakanan za'a iya kunna kwaikwayon katin da yanayin poller tare da hanya iri ɗaya.
Hakanan ana haɗa haɗin keɓaɓɓiyar tashar tashar sadarwa ta ST a cikin kunshin. Da zarar an kunna allon, za a fara aikin hukumar kuma an lissafta shi azaman tashar tashar COM mai kama da STLink.
Hoto 4. Virtual COM tashar jiragen ruwa

Bayan duba lambar tashar tashar COM mai kama-da-wane, buɗe tashar Windows (HyperTerminal ko makamancin haka) tare da daidaitawar da aka nuna a ƙasa (ba da damar zaɓi: CR mai fa'ida akan LF, idan akwai).

Tagar tashar tashar tana dawo da saƙonni da yawa kama da waɗanda aka nuna a ƙasa don tabbatar da haɗin gwiwa mai nasara.
Hoto 6. X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1 allon fadada ya yi nasara farawa

Na biyu sampAna samun aikace-aikacen ta hanyar zaɓar manufa na biyu na aikin da ake kira “STM32L476RGNucleo_PollingTagDetectNdef" Wannan aikace-aikacen yana sarrafa saƙonnin NDEF a kunne tags.

• Lokacin da firmware ya fara, ana nuna menu akan log ɗin kayan aikin bidiyo.
• Maɓallin mai amfani yana ba ku damar zagayawa ta zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa, gami da karanta abun ciki NDEF, rubuta rikodin rubutu,
• rubuta rikodin URI, da tsarawa tag don abun ciki na NDEF.
• Bayan zabar demo, matsa a tag don ganin demo yana gudana.

Hoto 7. X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1 zažužžukan maɓallin maɓalli mai amfani

Jagoran saitin tsarin

3.1 Bayanin Hardware
3.1.1STM32 Nucleo
STM32 Nucleo ci gaban allon yana ba da hanya mai araha da sauƙi don masu amfani don gwada mafita da gina samfura tare da kowane layin STM32 microcontroller. Taimakon haɗin gwiwar Arduino da masu haɗin ST morpho suna sauƙaƙa don faɗaɗa ayyukan STM32 Nucleo buɗe dandamali na ci gaba tare da kewayon allon faɗaɗa na musamman don zaɓar daga. STM32 Nucleo Board baya buƙatar bincike daban kamar yadda yake haɗa ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer. Kwamitin STM32 Nucleo ya zo tare da cikakken ɗakin karatu na STM32 software HAL tare da fakitin software daban-daban.amples don IDE daban-daban (IAR EWARM, Keil MDK-ARM, STM32CubeIDE, mbed da GCC/LLVM). Duk masu amfani da STM32 Nucleo suna da damar samun kyauta ga albarkatun kan layi na mbed (mai tarawa, C/C++ SDK da al'ummar haɓakawa) a www.mbed.org don gina cikakkun aikace-aikace cikin sauƙi.
Hoto 8. STM32 Nucleo board

X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1 allon fadada X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1
Kwamitin fadada mai karanta katin NFC ya dogara ne akan na'urar ST25R3916. An saita allon faɗaɗa don tallafawa ISO14443A/B, ISO15693, FeliCa™ da sadarwar AP2P. ST25R3916 yana sarrafa ƙirar firam da yanke hukunci a yanayin mai karatu don daidaitattun aikace-aikace, kamar NFC, kusanci da ƙa'idodin HF RFID. Yana goyan bayan ISO / IEC 14443 Nau'in A da B, ISO / IEC 15693 (mai jigilar kayayyaki guda ɗaya kawai) da ka'idojin sadarwa na ISO / IEC 18092 da ganowa, karantawa da rubutu na nau'in NFC Forum Type 1, 2, 3, 4, da 5 tags. Na'urar firikwensin ƙaramar ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana yin farkawa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi ba tare da kunna filin mai karatu ba da farkawa na al'ada don zaɓar. amplitude ko ma'aunin lokaci. Fasahar kunna eriya ta atomatik (AAT) tana ba da damar aiki kusa da sassa na ƙarfe da/ko a cikin muhalli masu canzawa.
Hoto 9. X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1 allon fadadawa

3.1.3X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 allon fadadawa
X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 NFC katin fadada allo yana dogara ne akan na'urar ST25R3916B. An saita allon faɗaɗa don tallafawa ISO14443A/B, ISO15693, FeliCa™, da sadarwar AP2P. ST25R3916B yana sarrafa ƙirar firam da yanke hukunci a yanayin mai karatu don daidaitattun aikace-aikace, kamar NFC, kusanci, da ƙa'idodin HF RFID na kusa. Yana goyan bayan ISO/IEC 14443 nau'in A da B, ISO/IEC 15693 (mai jigilar kaya guda ɗaya kawai) da ka'idojin sadarwa na ISO/IEC 18092 da ganowa, karantawa da rubutu na nau'in dandalin NFC 1, 2, 3, 4, da 5 tags. Na'urar firikwensin ƙaramar ƙarfin wutar lantarki a kan jirgin yana yin farkawa mara ƙarancin ƙarfi ba tare da kunna filin karatu ba da farkawa na al'ada don zaɓar. amplitude ko ma'aunin lokaci. Fasahar kunna eriya ta atomatik (AAT) tana ba da damar aiki kusa da sassa na ƙarfe da/ko a cikin muhalli masu canzawa.
Hoto 10. X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 allon fadadawa

3.2 Bayanin software
Bayanin Software Ana buƙatar abubuwan haɗin software masu zuwa don saita yanayin haɓaka mai dacewa don ƙirƙirar aikace-aikace don STM32 Nucleo sanye take da allon faɗaɗa NFC:

• X-CUBE-NFC6: faɗaɗa don STM32Cube sadaukar don haɓaka aikace-aikacen NFC. Ana samun firmware na X-CUBENFC6 da takaddun da ke da alaƙa a kan www.st.com.
• Kayan aikin haɓaka-sarkar da mai tarawa. Software na fadada STM32Cube yana goyan bayan mahalli uku masu zuwa:
  - IAR Embedded Workbench don ARM ® (EWARM) kayan aiki + ST-LINK
  - Keil Microcontroller Development Kit (MDK-ARM) kayan aiki + ST-LINK
  - STM32CubeIDE + ST-LINK

3.3 Hardware stafi
Ana buƙatar abubuwan haɗin kayan masarufi masu zuwa:

• STM32 Nucleo dandamali na ci gaba (lambar oda da aka ba da shawarar: NUcleO-L476RG ko NUCLEOL053R8)
• Ɗaya daga cikin ST25R3916/ST25R3916B mai karanta HF mai girma/NFC gaban-karshen IC fadada allon (lambar oda: X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1/X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1)
• Nau'in USB ɗaya na A zuwa Mini-B kebul na USB don haɗa STM32 Nucleo zuwa PC

3.4 Saitin software
3.4.1 Ci gaban kayan aiki- sarƙoƙi da masu tarawa
Zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin haɗe-haɗe na haɓaka haɓaka (IDE) mai goyan bayan software na faɗaɗa STM32Cube kuma karanta buƙatun tsarin da bayanin saitin da mai bada IDE ya bayar.
3.5 Saitin tsarin
3.5.1 STM32 Nucleo da X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1 saitin allo
Hukumar STM32 Nucleo ta haɗu da ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer. Kuna iya saukar da direba na ST-LINK/ V2-1 USB a STSW-LINK009. X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1 fadada allon yana da sauƙin toshewa akan allon ci gaba na STM32 Nucleo ta hanyar haɗin tsawo na Arduino ™ UNO R3. Yana hulɗa tare da STM32 microcontroller akan allon STM32 Nucleo ta hanyar layin jigilar SPI. Hakanan sadarwar I²C yana yiwuwa, amma yana buƙatar gyare-gyaren kayan masarufi masu zuwa:

• solder ST2 da ST4 jumpers
• solder R116 da R117 ja-up resistors
• cire gadar solder SPI
• sanya gadar solder I²C Dole ne a yi amfani da tutocin harhadawa na pre-processor RFAL_USE_I2C sannan a sake suna USE_HAL_SPI_REGISTER_CALLBACKS ta USE_HAL_I2C_REGISTER_CALLBACKS, idan an buƙata, don kunna harhada direban I²C.

Hoto 11. X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1 allon fadada tare da hukumar ci gaban NUCLO-L476RG

3.5.2STM32 Nucleo da X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 saitin allon fadada
Hukumar STM32 Nucleo ta haɗu da ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer. Kuna iya saukar da direba na ST-LINK/ V2-1 USB a STSW-LINK009. X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 fadada allon yana da sauƙin toshewa akan allon ci gaban STM32 Nucleo ta hanyar haɗin tsawo na Arduino ™ UNO R3. Yana hulɗa tare da STM32 microcontroller akan allon STM32 Nucleo ta hanyar layin jigilar SPI. I²C sadarwa kuma yana yiwuwa.

Tarihin bita

Tebur 3. Tarihin bitar daftarin aiki

Kwanan wata	Sigar	Canje-canje
18-Yuli-19	1	Sakin farko.
19-Oktoba-22	2	Gabatarwa da aka sabunta, Sashe na 2.1 Samaview, Sashe na 2.2 Architecture, Sashe na 2.3 Tsarin fayil, Sashe na 2.5 Sample aikace-aikacen, Sashe na 3.2 Bayanin software, Sashe na 3.3 Saitin Hardware, da Sashe na 3.5.1 STM32 Nucleo da saitin allon fadada X-NUCLEO-NFC06A1. Ƙara Sashe na 3.1.3 X-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 allon fadadawa da Sashe na 3.5.2 STM32 Nucleo da-NUCLEO-NFC08A1 saitin allon fadada.

MUHIMMAN SANARWA – KU KARANTA A HANKALI

STMicroelectronics NV da rassan sa ("ST") sun tanadi haƙƙin yin canje-canje, gyare-gyare, haɓakawa, gyare-gyare, da haɓakawa ga samfuran ST da/ko ga wannan takaddar a kowane lokaci ba tare da sanarwa ba. Ya kamata masu siye su sami sabbin bayanai masu dacewa akan samfuran ST kafin yin oda. Ana siyar da samfuran ST bisa ga sharuɗɗa da sharuɗɗan siyarwa na ST a wurin lokacin amincewa.
Masu siye ke da alhakin zaɓi, zaɓi, da amfani da samfuran ST kuma ST ba ta ɗaukar alhakin taimakon aikace-aikacen ko ƙirar samfuran masu siye.
Babu lasisi, bayyananne ko fayyace, ga kowane haƙƙin mallakar fasaha da ST ke bayarwa a nan. Sake siyar da samfuran ST tare da tanadi daban-daban da bayanan da aka gindaya a ciki zai ɓata kowane garantin da ST ya bayar don irin wannan samfurin. ST da tambarin ST alamun kasuwanci ne na ST.
Don ƙarin bayani game da alamun kasuwanci na ST, koma zuwa www.st.com/trademarks. Duk sauran samfuran ko sunayen sabis mallakin masu su ne. Bayanin da ke cikin wannan takaddar ya maye gurbin bayanan da aka bayar a baya a cikin kowane juzu'in wannan takaddar.

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