WitMotion 16 Channel PWM Servo Motor Driver Controller Board User Manual

Introduction

This manual provides detailed instructions for the WitMotion 16 Channel PWM Servo Motor Driver Controller Board. This board is designed for precise control of up to 16 servo motors, commonly used in robotics, model aircraft, and various electromechanical projects. It offers flexible connectivity options including USB and TTL UART, and supports offline control for enhanced convenience. The board features a high-performance STM32 series chip, ensuring stable operation and precise PWM accuracy.

Product Features

16-Way Servo Control: Manages up to 16 individual servo motors simultaneously.
Dual Connectivity: Supports both USB and TTL UART connections for versatile integration.
Adjustable Speed: Allows for precise control over servo movement speed.
Isolated Drive: Features an isolated drive design for stable performance and protection against board damage.
USB Power Supply: Can be powered via USB for programming, eliminating the need for external drivers.
State-Based Control: Simplifies programming by allowing users to define states rather than calculating detailed action parameters.
Dual Power Supply: Provides separate power inputs for the control board and servo motors (5-7.2V for servos), compatible with Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and other robotic systems.

Specifications

Channels	16
Dimensions	43.5mm X 36mm X 12mm (Board), 7.87 x 3.94 x 1.97 inches (Product)
Mounting Hole Position	37mm X 30mm, Aperture 3mm
Voltage	USB: 5V, TTL: 3.3V (select one); Servo Motor Supply: 5-7.2V
Communication Interface	USB / TTL UART (Bluetooth optional)
Baud Rate	9600Kps
Frequency	48 MHz
PWM Accuracy	0.1us
Number of Action Groups	16
Minimum Servo Step	1us
Chip	STM32 series (high performance, low power consumption)
Operating Temperature	-40℃ ~ 80℃
Maximum Storage Actions	8192
Item Weight	0.64 ounces

Setup

1. Power Supply and Basic Connections

Ensure the board receives appropriate power. The board itself can be powered via USB (5V) or TTL (3.3V). Servo motors require a separate power supply of 5-7.2V connected to the dedicated servo power input terminals.

2. Connecting to a Computer via USB

Connect the controller board to your computer using a standard USB cable. This connection is primarily used for programming and configuration. No additional drivers are typically required for basic functionality.

Diagram showing USB and TTL serial port connections to the servo motor driver board. — **Image: USB and TTL Serial Port Connections.** This diagram illustrates how to connect the WitMotion 16 Channel PWM Servo Motor Driver Board to a computer via the USB interface and to a TTL serial port tool. The USB connection provides 5V power and data, while the TTL connection uses 3.3V and specific RX/TX/GND pins.

3. Connecting via TTL Serial Port

For communication with microcontrollers or other devices using TTL UART, connect the board's RX, TX, and GND pins to the corresponding pins on your device. Ensure voltage compatibility (3.3V for TTL).

4. Bluetooth Module Connection (Optional)

If using a Bluetooth module for wireless control, connect it directly to the designated Bluetooth interface on the board. Refer to the module's specific documentation for pairing and communication protocols.

Diagram showing Bluetooth module connection and microcontroller wiring for the servo motor driver board. — **Image: Bluetooth and Microcontroller Connections.** This image displays the connection points for an optional Bluetooth module and a general wiring diagram for connecting the servo motor driver board to a microcontroller (MCU) and steering gears. It shows VCC, TXD, RXD, and GND connections.

5. Connecting to a Microcontroller

To integrate the servo driver board with a microcontroller (e.g., Arduino, Raspberry Pi, STM32), connect the microcontroller's VCC, TXD, RXD, and GND pins to the corresponding pins on the servo driver board. Ensure proper voltage levels and serial communication settings (baud rate 9600Kps).

Operating Instructions

1. State Control Method

The WitMotion servo driver board utilizes a state-based control method. Instead of calculating detailed servo movement parameters, you define specific 'states' for your servo motors. Each state can specify the position and speed for each of the 16 servos. The board then executes these predefined states sequentially or based on triggers.

Diagram illustrating the state control method for servo movements. — **Image: State Control Method.** This diagram visually explains the state control method. It shows two states, S0 and Sn, each defining the position and speed for Servo 0 through Servo 15, simplifying the programming of complex servo movements.

2. Programming and Action Groups

The board supports up to 16 action groups and can store up to 8192 actions. This allows for complex sequences of movements to be programmed and stored directly on the board. You can define multiple states within each action group, specifying the duration (e.g., 1000ms) for each state.

Control block diagram showing action groups and states for servo control. — **Image: Control Block Diagram.** This diagram illustrates the hierarchical structure of the control system, showing how a main program can manage multiple action groups (e.g., Action Group 1 to Action Group 16), each containing various states (S0 to Sn) that define the position and speed for each of the 16 servo motors.

3. Example Application: Badminton Shuttle Machine

The 16-channel servo motor driver can be used in various applications, such as controlling a badminton shuttle machine. In such a setup, the board controls the steering gears to move components up, down, forward, and backward, precisely positioning and launching badminton shuttles. This can be automated or controlled remotely via a mobile phone if a Bluetooth module is integrated.

Video: 16-channel servo motor driver controls badminton serve. This video demonstrates a practical application of the WitMotion 16 Channel PWM Servo Motor Driver Board, showcasing its use in a badminton shuttle machine. It highlights the board's ability to control steering gears for precise movement and launching, with potential for remote control via mobile phone.

4. Sample Code and Libraries

WitMotion provides sample code and libraries to assist with programming, including examples for STM32 serial port programs, Arduino serial port libraries, and 51 serial port programs. These resources can be found on the official WitMotion website or support pages.

Image showing sample code options and the product packaging content. — **Image: Sample Code and Shipping List.** This image displays icons representing available sample code for STM32, Arduino, and 51 microcontrollers. Below, it shows the main product image, indicating that the package includes one Smart Servo Motor Control Board.

Maintenance

To ensure the longevity and optimal performance of your WitMotion 16 Channel PWM Servo Motor Driver Board, follow these maintenance guidelines:

Keep Clean: Regularly clean the board with a soft, dry brush or compressed air to remove dust and debris. Avoid using liquids or harsh chemicals.
Proper Storage: Store the board in a dry, cool environment, away from direct sunlight, extreme temperatures, and high humidity. Use anti-static bags if available.
Handle with Care: Avoid physical shocks or excessive force on the board and its components. Always handle by the edges to prevent damage to sensitive parts.
Inspect Connections: Periodically check all wiring and connections for looseness or corrosion. Ensure power connections are secure and correctly polarized.
Firmware Updates: Check the official WitMotion website for any available firmware updates that may improve performance or address known issues.

Troubleshooting

If you encounter issues with your WitMotion 16 Channel PWM Servo Motor Driver Board, consider the following troubleshooting steps:

No Power/Indicator Lights Off:
- Verify that the power supply (USB or external) is correctly connected and providing the specified voltage (5V for USB, 3.3V for TTL, 5-7.2V for servos).
- Check the power cables for any damage or loose connections.
Servos Not Responding:
- Ensure the servo motors are correctly wired to the board and receiving adequate power from their dedicated supply.
- Confirm that the control signals (PWM) are being sent correctly from the board.
- Check your code or state definitions for correct servo addresses and target positions.
Communication Issues (USB/TTL):
- Verify that the correct communication port is selected in your software.
- Ensure the baud rate (9600Kps) matches between the board and your communicating device.
- For TTL connections, double-check RX/TX wiring (RX to TX, TX to RX).
- If using PC software, ensure it is compatible with your operating system and properly installed. Some users have reported issues with software hanging; refer to WitMotion's official support for the latest software and drivers.
Erratic Servo Movement:
- Check for electrical noise or interference. Ensure power supplies are stable.
- Review your code for incorrect timing or rapid changes in servo positions.
- Ensure the servo power supply can handle the current draw of all connected servos, especially under load.

For more detailed troubleshooting or specific technical issues, please refer to the official WitMotion support resources.

Warranty Information

Warranty terms for WitMotion products are typically provided at the point of purchase or can be found on the official WitMotion website. Please retain your proof of purchase for any warranty claims. The standard return policy allows for refunds or replacements within 30 days of purchase, subject to the seller's terms and conditions.

Support

For further assistance, documentation, software, or video tutorials, please utilize the following resources:

Official Website: Visit wiki.wit-motion.com/english for product documents, software, instructions, and apps.
Google Drive: Access the WitMotion Google Drive for additional tutorials and resources.
YouTube Channel: Subscribe to the official WitMotion YouTube channel for instructional videos and project sharing.
Manufacturer Contact: If direct support is needed, refer to the contact information provided on the WitMotion website.

	WITMOTION WT901C RS232 Inclinometer Sensor User Manual Comprehensive user manual for the WITMOTION WT901C RS232 inclinometer sensor, detailing PC and Android connectivity, calibration procedures, configuration settings, and MCU integration for accurate attitude and motion measurement.
	WITMOTION WTGAHRS1 GPS IMU User Manual User manual for the WITMOTION WTGAHRS1 GPS IMU sensor. Learn about its features, industrial applications, PC/Android integration, calibration, and MCU connectivity.
	WT901B Inclinometer Sensor User Manual User manual for the WT901B Inclinometer Sensor, detailing its features, applications, software, and connection methods. Includes technical specifications and support information from WITMOTION.
	WITMOTION WT931 Inclinometer Sensor User Manual Comprehensive user manual for the WITMOTION WT931 Inclinometer Sensor, covering introduction, warnings, usage instructions, software overview, and MCU connection details. Learn about its features, applications, and integration.
	WITMOTION WT61C Inclinometer Sensor User Manual Comprehensive user manual for the WITMOTION WT61C Inclinometer Sensor, detailing its features, PC and Android setup, calibration procedures, configuration options, data recording and playback, standby/wake-up functions, placement direction, static threshold, bandwidth settings, and MCU connection guides.
	WITMOTION HWT906 IP67 Inclinometer User Manual User manual for the WITMOTION HWT906 IP67 Inclinometer, an AHRS IMU sensor that measures 3-axis angle, angular velocity, acceleration, and magnetic field. Includes introduction, warning statements, usage instructions, software introduction, and MCU connection details.

WITMOTION PWM servo motor driver